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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A detailed programmatic and technical development plan for active microwave technology was examined in each of four user activities: (1) vegetation; (2) water resources and geologic applications, and (4) oceanographic applications. Major application areas were identified, and the impact of each application area in terms of social and economic gains were evaluated. The present state of knowledge of the applicability of active microwave remote sensing to each application area was summarized and its role relative to other remote sensing devices was examined. The analysis and data acquisition techniques needed to resolve the effects of interference factors were reviewed to establish an operational capability in each application area. Flow charts of accomplished and required activities in each application area that lead to operational capability were structured.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Active Microwave Users Workshop Rept.; p 123-196
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-05-30
    Description: Predicted and observed calorimetric exhaust efficiencies of capacitor powered coaxial plasma guns
    Keywords: PHYSICS, PLASMA
    Type: AIAA PAPER 65-340
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-05-24
    Description: Predicted and observed calorimetric exhaust efficiencies of capacitor powered coaxial plasma guns
    Keywords: PHYSICS, PLASMA
    Type: AIAA PAPER 65-340
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Heart of system consists of two major components: side-looking airborne radar system for detecting ice cover and type, and modified short pulse S-band radar system for simultaneously determining ice cover regardless of cloud cover.
    Keywords: ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
    Type: LEW-12638 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 1; 1; P. 25
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A system is described which utilizes an X-band Side-Looking-Airborne-Radar (SLAR) for determining type, location, and aerial distribution of the ice cover in the Great Lakes and an airborne, S-band, short pulse radar for obtaining ice thickness. The SLAR system is currently mounted aboard a U.S. Coast Guard C-130B aircraft. Digitized SLAR data are relayed in real-time via the NOAA-GOES-1 satellite in geosynchronous orbit to the U.S. Coast Guard Ice Center in Cleveland, Ohio. SLAR images along with hand-drawn interpretative ice charts for various winter shipping areas in the Great Lakes are broadcast to facsimile recorders aboard Great Lakes vessels. The operational aspects of this ice information system are being demonstrated by NASA, U.S. Coast Guard, and NOAA/National Weather Service. Results from the 1974-75 winter season demonstrated the ability of this system to provide all-weather ice information to shippers in a timely manner.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-TM-X-71815 , Intern. Symp. on Remote Sensing of the Environment; Oct 06, 1975 - Oct 10, 1975; Ann Arbor, MI; United States
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The acquisition and interpretation of ice thickness data from a mobile platform has for some time been a goal of the remote sensing community. Such data, once obtainable, is of value in monitoring the changes in ice thickness over large areas, and in mapping the potential hazards to traffic in shipping lanes. Measurements made from a helicopter-borne ice thickness profiler of ice in Lake Superior, Lake St. Clair and the St. Clair river as part of NASA's program to develop an ice information system are described. The profiler described is a high resolution, non-imaging, short pulse radar, operating at a carrier frequency of 2.7 GHz. The system can resolve reflective surfaces separated by as little as 10 cm. and permits measurement of the distance between resolvable surfaces with an accuracy of about 1 cm. Data samples are given for measurements both in a static (helicopter hovering), and a traverse mode. Ground truth measurements taken by an ice auger team traveling with the helicopter are compared with the remotely sensed data and the accuracy of the profiler is discussed based on these measurements.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-71481 , Advanced Concepts and Techniques in the Study of Snow and Ice Resources; Dec 02, 1973 - Dec 06, 1973; Monterey, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An iceberg detection and identification system consisting of a moderate resolution Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) interfaced with a Radar Image Processor (RIP) based on a ROLM 1664 computer with a 32K core memory updatable to 64K is described. The system can be operated in high- or low-resolution sampling modes. Specifically designed algorithms are applied to digitized signal returns to provide automatic target detection and location, geometrically correct video image display and data recording. The real aperture Motorola AN/APS-94D SLAR operates in the X-band and is tunable between 9.10 and 9.40 GHz; its output power is 45 kW peak with a pulse repetition rate of 750 pulses per hour. Schematic diagrams of the system are provided, together with preliminary test data.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing; Aug 28, 1978 - Aug 31, 1978; British Columbia; Canada
    Format: text
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: Description of the design and operation of two new short-pulse radar systems developed for use aboard aircraft for remote profiling of lake ice thickness. The principle of operation is based on the fact that the return signal is composed of a pulse return from the top of the ice and another, delayed in time, from the ice-water interface. The delay time between these two pulses directly gives the ice thickness when allowance is made for the slower RF propagation through the ice. The two systems are the S band and the C band systems, and their comparative merits are discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Earth Environment and Resources Conference; Sept. 10-12, 1974; Philadelphia, PA
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper describes helicopter-borne measurements of ice thickness in Lake Superior, Lake St. Clair, and the St. Clair river as part of NASA's program to develop an ice information system. The profiler described is a high resolution, nonimaging, short pulse radar, operating at a carrier frequency of 2.7 GHz. The system can resolve reflective surfaces separated by as little as 10 cm and permits measurement of the distance between resolvable surfaces with an accuracy of about 1 cm. Data samples are given for measurements both in a static (helicopter hovering), and a traverse mode. Ground truth measurements taken by an ice auger team traveling with the helicopter are compared with the remotely sensed data and the accuracy of the profiler is discussed based on these measurements.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Interdisciplinary Symposium on Advanced Concepts and Techniques in the Study of Snow and Ice Resources; Dec 02, 1973 - Dec 06, 1973; Monterey, CA
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Design and operation of short pulse radar systems for use in ice thickness measurement are described. Two ice profiling systems were tested, an S system which used either random noise or continous wave modulation at 2.8 GHz and a less powerful C band system which operated at 6.0 GHz and did not have random noise modulation. Flight altitudes of 4,000 feet were used, but the S band system was usable at 7,000 feet allowing flights in poor weather conditions. A minimum ice thickness of four inches is required for measurement, while the thickest ice measured was 36 inches. System accuracy is plus or minus one inch.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-71588 , E-8041 , 1974 Earth Environ. and Resources Conf.; Sep 10, 1974 - Sep 12, 1974; Philadelphia
    Format: application/pdf
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