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  • Humans  (270)
  • Rats  (128)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (378)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1980-1984  (378)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1982  (378)
  • 1939
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (378)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Springer  (3)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (378)
  • 1935-1939
Year
  • 1
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    Reexamination of acoustic evidence in the Kennedy assassination. Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, National Research Council (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Sounds recorded in Dallas at the time of the assassination of John F. Kennedy were analyzed by two research groups, whose reports formed the basis for the opinion that two gunmen fired at President Kennedy. These reports and the acoustic evidence have been studied by the Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, and further acoustic analyses, including sound spectrograms, have been performed. The committee finds that the acoustic data do not support a conclusion that a second gunman was involved in the assassination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):127-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6750789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustics ; *Famous Persons ; *Forensic Medicine ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Texas ; *Wounds, Gunshot
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Mycotoxin weapons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):776-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asia, Southeastern ; *Biological Warfare ; Humans ; *Mycotoxins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Ontogeny of gastric acid secretion in the rat: evidence for multiple response systems (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Gastric acid secretion has been thought to depend on histamine stimulation of the parietal cell. However, in the 2-week-old rat neither exogenous histamine nor the H-2 receptor agonist impromidine stimulates acid secretion, whereas pentagastrin and the cholinergic agent bethanechol are potent stimuli. At this age, the effect of pentagastrin in acid secretion is not blocked by the H-2 receptor antagonist cimetidine, nor is it potentiated by impromidine. These data suggest that, in the rat pup, the acid secretory response to pentagastrin and cholinergic agents occurs before the histamine-mediated system is functional and operates independently of the actions of histamine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ackerman, S H -- K1-MH00077/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01-AM-18804/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):75-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6211765" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Bethanechol Compounds/pharmacology ; Gastric Juice/drug effects/*secretion ; Gastric Mucosa/growth & development ; Guanidines/pharmacology ; Histamine/pharmacology ; Imidazoles/pharmacology ; Impromidine ; Pentagastrin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Histamine H2/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Prenatal and neonatal exposure to cimetidine results in gonadal and sexual dysfunction in adult males (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Exposure of rats to cimetidine during intrauterine life and the immediate neonatal period results in hypoandrogenization in adult life with decreased weights of androgen-dependent tissues and decreased concentrations of testosterone. Moreover, sexual behavior patterns in adult life are disturbed as shown by a lack of sexual motivation and decreased performance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anand, S -- Van Thiel, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling ; Cimetidine/metabolism/*toxicity ; Female ; Guanidines/*toxicity ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/drug effects ; Rats ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Chromatic valence curves: alternative interpretation derived by the direct matching method (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: The amount of red chromatic valence of the red-green opponent colors channel of the human visual system has been reported to be greatly reduced in short wavelengths when the hue-matching method is used to measure red valence instead of the more typical cancellation method. Receptive fields with a silent surround were postulated to explain the reduction, and it was emphasized that the reduced valence curve represented the true chromatic valence curve of the visual system. In the present studies the previous results are interpreted to be a direct consequence of the method and the particular matching stimuli used. It is shown that the reduction can be explained by the existing color-matching data without appealing to the silent surround hypothesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ayama, M -- Ikeda, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1538-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Color Perception/*physiology ; Humans ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Gene transfer between eukaryotes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benveniste, R E -- Todaro, G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Physiological Phenomena ; Eukaryotic Cells/*physiology ; Humans ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Retroviridae/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Mice regrow the tips of their foretoes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: Mice will replace the tip of a foretoe when it is amputated distal to the last interphalangeal joint. Amputation of the digit more proximal to the joint does not result in regrowth of the foretoe. Though this growth shares certain similarities with the epimorphic regeneration of amphibian limbs, the two processes are not the same. The regrowth reported here in mice is probably similar to the scattered clinical reports of fingertips regeneration in children, and presents a model system with which to explore the controls of wound healing and tissue reconstruction in mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borgens, R B -- CA 20920/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- NS 18456/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):747-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amputation ; Animals ; Child ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; *Regeneration ; Toe Joint ; Toes/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Wound Healing
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Nonsmokers and cigarette smoke: a modified perception of risk (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bock, F G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):197.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Risk ; *Smoking ; *Tobacco Smoke Pollution
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Micromolar affinity benzodiazepine receptors: identification and characterization in central nervous system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Receptors that selectively bind micromolar concentrations of benzodiazepines are present in rat brain membrane. These micromolar receptors exhibit saturable, stereospecific binding, and the potency of benzodiazepine binding to these receptors is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit maximum electric shock-induced convulsions. Benzodiazepine receptors with nanomolar affinity differ from the micromolar receptors in their binding, kinetic, and pharmacologic characteristics. The micromolar receptors also bind phenytoin, a non-benzodiazepine anticonvulsant. These results provide evidence for a distinct class of clinically relevant benzodiazepine receptors that may regulate neuronal excitability and anticonvulsant activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowling, A C -- DeLorenzo, R J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1247-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Benzodiazepinones/metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Calmodulin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Diazepam/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Stereoisomers of N-allylnormetazocine: phencyclidine-like behavioral effects in squirrel monkeys and rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: (+/-)-N-Allylnormetazocine is a benzomorphan opioid with psychotomimetic effects. The pure stereoisomers of this compound, as well as the racemic mixture, were compared to phencyclidine for their behavioral effects on squirrel monkeys and rats trained to discriminate phencyclidine from saline. Dose-response determinations were made for responses to phencyclidine, to a racemic mixture of N-allylnormetazocine, and to the pure levo and dextro isomers of N-allylnormetazocine. In both rats and monkeys, the dextro isomer and the racemic mixture produced dose-dependent responses appropriate for phencyclidine; the levo isomer did not produce the responses appropriate for phencyclidine at any of the doses tested. In both species, the levo isomer was more potent than the dextro isomer in decreasing the rate of responding. Thus racemic N-allylnormetazocine is a mixture of compounds that produce different behavioral effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brady, K T -- Balster, R L -- May, E L -- DA-00490/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-01442/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):178-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6274022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Phenazocine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Phencyclidine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Saimiri ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Reversal of morphine disruption of maternal behavior by concurrent treatment with the opiate antagonist naloxone (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Rats whose pregnancies were surgically terminated on day 17 of gestation were injected with morphine, morphine plus naloxone hydrochloride, or saline, and then tested for maternal responsiveness toward foster young. Morphine treatment alone significantly disrupted the rate of onset and quality of maternal responsiveness. Concurrent administration of naloxone to morphine-injected rats reinstated the rapid onset of behavioral responsiveness toward foster young, such that the responsiveness of the rats treated with both morphine and naloxone was indistinguishable from that shown by saline-injected controls. The disruptive effects of morphine did not appear to result from a general reduction in activity levels as measured in an open-field apparatus. These findings suggest that the normal onset and maintenance of maternal behavior in the rat may be regulated by endogenous opiates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bridges, R S -- Grimm, C T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):166-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Drug Antagonism ; Female ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Researcher denied future U.S. funds (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 4;216(4550):1081.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Federal Government ; *Financial Support ; *Financing, Government ; *Fraud ; *Government ; Government Regulation ; *Human Experimentation ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Public Policy ; *Research Personnel ; *Scientific Misconduct ; Social Control, Formal ; Social Responsibility ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Publisher settles suit, says clone book is a fake (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, William J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):391.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cloning, Organism ; *Fraud ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Literature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Radioactivity in the Urals (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):198, 200.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089554" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Radioactive Fallout ; *Radioactive Pollutants ; *Rural Population ; Ussr
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    T-lymphocyte immunology and hominoid evolution (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cartmill, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1145.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6983135" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Humans ; Primates/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Topological structure in visual perception (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Three experiments on tachistoscopic perception of visual stimuli demonstrate that the visual system is sensitive to global topological properties. The results indicate that extraction of global topological properties is a basic factor in perceptual organization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):699-700.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134969" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Form Perception ; Humans ; *Visual Perception
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Long-term synaptic potentiation in the superior cervical ganglion (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: Brief tetanic stimulation of the preganglionic nerves to the superior cervical ganglion enhances the postganglionic response to single preganglionic stimuli for 1 to 3 hours. This long-term potentiation of transmission through the ganglion is apparently not attributable to a persistent muscarinic action of the preganglionic neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, since neither the magnitude nor the time course of the phenomenon is reduced by atropine. The decay of long-term potentiation can be described by a first-order kinetic process with a mean time constant of 80 minutes. We conclude that long-term potentiation, once considered a unique property of the hippocampus, is in fact a more general feature of synaptic function. This form of synaptic memory may significantly influence information processing and control in other regions of the nervous system, including autonomic ganglia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, T H -- McAfee, D A -- 12116/PHS HHS/ -- NS 16576/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Learning/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Rats ; Synapses/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Phosphoglucomutase: evidence for a new locus expressed in human milk (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Electrophoretic study of phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in human milk revealed different patterns that can be explained by the existence of a locus distinct from the common PGM1, PGM2, and PGM3. One hundred and forty samples were tested and the results showed four different alleles of PGM4 whose frequencies were under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cantu, J M -- Ibarra, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):639-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6461922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Erythrocytes/enzymology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/genetics ; Milk, Human/*enzymology ; Phenotype ; Phosphoglucomutase/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    OSHA policy on carcinogens (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cowan, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):884.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases/chemically induced ; United States ; *United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Autoantibodies to nucleosomal proteins: antibodies to HMG-17 in autoimmune diseases (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: The relative amounts of autoantibodies against defined nucleosomal proteins present in serums from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) have been examined by an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Autoantibodies to nucleosomal proteins were detected in 45 percent of the patients with SLE, 18 percent of the MCTD patients, and none of the RA patients. The results suggest that, in SLE, antibodies are formed against a subset of nucleosomes which contain protein HMG-17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bustin, M -- Reisch, J -- Einck, L -- Klippel, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1245-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6460317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/*immunology ; High Mobility Group Proteins ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology ; Mixed Connective Tissue Disease/immunology ; Nucleosomes/*immunology
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    Ethanol in low doses augments calcium-mediated mechanisms measured intracellularly in hippocampal neurons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: The electrophysiological effects of ethanol in low doses (5 to 20 millimoles per liter or 23 to 92 milligrams per 100 milliliters) were examined intracellularly in CA1 cells of rat hippocampus in vitro. Inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic potentials were increased when ethanol was applied to the respective synaptic terminal regions. Postsynaptically, ethanol caused a moderate hyperpolarization with increased membrane conductance, even when synaptic transmission was blocked. Ethanol augmented the hyperpolarization that followed repetitive firing or that followed the eliciting of calcium spikes in the presence of tetrodotoxin, but not the rapid afterhyperpolarization in calcium-free medium. Ethanol appears to augment calcium-mediated mechanisms both pre- and postsynaptically.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Gurevich, N -- Durand, D -- R01 NS16660-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):306-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Hippocampus/*drug effects/physiology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Potassium/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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    Theory and observation in cultural transmission (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Cultural phenomena may show considerable stability over time and space. Transmission mechanisms responsible for their maintenance are worthy of theoretical and empirical inquiry; they are complex and each possible pathway has different effects on evolutionary stability of traits, as can be shown theoretically. A survey designed to evaluate the importance of some components of cultural transmission on a variety of traits showed that religion and politics are mostly determined in the family, a mode of transmission which guarantees high evolutionary stability and maintenance of high variation between and within groups.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cavalli-Sforza, L L -- Feldman, M W -- Chen, K H -- Dornbusch, S M -- 10452/PHS HHS/ -- 20467/PHS HHS/ -- 20816/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):19-27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Child ; Cultural Characteristics ; *Culture ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Marriage ; Models, Psychological ; *Parent-Child Relations
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    Development of mouse embryos in vitro: preimplantation to the limb bud stage (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Mouse embryos were grown successfully in vitro from the blastocyst stage to the limb bud stage. Mouse blastocysts grown in vitro for 10 days showed blood circulation in the yilk sac, forelimb buds, and the primordia of liver, pancreas, and lungs. These characteristics are indicative of a developmental stage equivalent to one-half of the total gestation period in utero. Improvements in culture conditions from days 7 to 9 have made it feasible to culture mouse blastocysts beyond the early somite stage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, L T -- Hsu, Y C -- AM 19535/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 28550/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):66-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blastocyst/*physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Humans ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Yolk Sac/physiology
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  • 24
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    High angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in the neurohypophysis of Brattleboro rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: The activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme is significantly higher in the intermediate and posterior pituitary lobes of Brattleboro rats than in Long-Evans control rats. The high activity level was reversed by vasopressin treatment. Conversely, angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was significantly lower in the anterior pituitary of Brattleboro rats than in Long-Evans rats, and this activity level was not affected by vasopressin. these findings suggest an inverse relation between vasopressin and angiotensin systems in the posterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chevillard, C -- Saavedra, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):646-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6280284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diabetes Insipidus/*enzymology/genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/*metabolism ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior/*enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Mutant Strains/*physiology ; Vasopressins/*physiology
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    Substantia nigra: site of anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: Localization of the anatomic substrate for anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was examined using intracerebral injections of GABA agonists. Blockade of tonic hindlimb extension in the maximal electroshock test and blockade of tonic and clonic seizures produced by pentylenetetrazole and bicuculline were obtained by elevating GABA in the ventral midbrain tegmentum. Elevation of GABA in forebrain and hindbrain areas had no effect on convulsant activity. Blockade of tonic and clonic seizures was also obtained after microinjections of the direct GABA receptor agonist, muscimol, into the midbrain. The substantia nigra was identified as the critical midbrain site for GABA-mediated anticonvulsant activity. Local injection of GABA agonists into the midbrain provided seizure protection without a widespread augmentation of GABA-mediated activity throughout the brain and without impairing either alertness or motor function. Synapses in the substantia nigra appear to represent an important control mechanism for inhibiting the propagation of generalized convulsions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iadarola, M J -- Gale, K -- DA 02206/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH32359/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1237-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146907" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Brain Mapping ; GABA Antagonists ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Pentylenetetrazole/pharmacology ; Rats ; Seizures/*physiopathology ; Substantia Nigra/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
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    Growth hormone stimulates longitudinal bone growth directly (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Local administration of human growth hormone in vivo to the cartilage growth plate of the proximal tibia of hypophysectomized rats resulted in accelerated longitudinal bone growth. This finding suggests that growth hormone directly stimulates the cells in the growth plate, and does not support the theory that the increase in the plasma concentration of somatomedin that follows growth hormone administration is the cause of this stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Isaksson, O G -- Jansson, J O -- Gause, I A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1237-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Development/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/*drug effects ; Growth Hormone/*pharmacology ; Male ; Prolactin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Somatomedins/pharmacology ; Stimulation, Chemical
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    Naloxone antagonism of the thermoregulatory effects of phencyclidine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: Phencyclidine elicits hyperthermia at low doses and hypothermia at high doses in rats. Naloxone antagonizes both effects. Phencyclidine's effects on thermo-regulation are probably mediated by an interaction with a mu opiate receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Glick, S D -- Guido, R A -- DA 02534/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA 70082/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1272-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6287581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Phencyclidine/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects
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    A new subtype of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-II) associated with a T-cell variant of hairy cell leukemia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) is a human type-C RNA tumor virus (retrovirus) previously identified in and isolated from several patients with T-cell leukemias or lymphomas. The known virus isolates from the United States and Japan are closely related and are found in adults with an acute malignancy of mature T cells. A related retrovirus has been found in a patient (Mo) with a somewhat different disease (a T-cell variant of relatively benign hairy cell leukemia). Serum from Mo contains antibodies to the major internal core protein (p24) of HTLV. A T-cell line established from the spleen of Mo expresses HTLV antigens. However, HTLV from Mo is significantly different from all previous HTLV isolates in immunological cross-reactivity tests of p24. The usual prototype HTLV isolate is represented as HTLV-I, and the HTLV from Mo is represented as HTLV-II. Individual members of each subgroup may then be identified by subscript initials of the patient [for example, HTLV-I(CR), HTLV-I(MB), and HTLV-II(Mo)].〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalyanaraman, V S -- Sarngadharan, M G -- Robert-Guroff, M -- Miyoshi, I -- Golde, D -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):571-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6981847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Humans ; Leukemia, Hairy Cell/*microbiology ; Retroviridae/immunology/*isolation & purification ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/microbiology
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    Serial position curve in rats: role of the dorsal hippocampus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: In an eight-arm radial maze, normal rats demonstrated good immediate retention for the order of first items (primacy component of serial position curve) and last items (recency component of serial position curve) of an eight-item (arm) list. In contrast, rats with dorsal hippocampal lesions displayed, on an immediate retention test, disruption of the primacy but not the recency component of the serial position curve. Furthermore, imposing a 10-minute delay before the retention test impaired all components of the serial position curve. These results support correspondence in mnemonic function of the hippocampus in animals and humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kesner, R P -- Novak, J M -- RR07092-12/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):173-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123228" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Rats ; *Serial Learning
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    Monoclonal antibody to acetylcholine receptor: cell line established from thymus of patient with Myasthenia gravis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: A human B cell line producing a monoclonal antibody to an antigenic determinant of acetylcholine receptors was established by cloning B cells that had been transformed in vitro by Epstein-Barr virus. The B cells were obtained from the thymus of a patient with myasthenia gravis. The antibody produced by the cell line precipitated acetylcholine receptors from denervated and innervated rat muscle and from human muscle, but did not show detectable response to the acetylcholine receptors from the electric organs of Narke japonica. The monoclonal antibody showed identical binding patterns in innervated and denervated rat muscles. Passive transfer of the monoclonal antibody into rats induced moderate muscle weakness and electromyographic changes characteristic of myasthenia gravis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kamo, I -- Furukawa, S -- Tada, A -- Mano, Y -- Iwasaki, Y -- Furuse, T -- Ito, N -- Hayashi, K -- Satoyoshi, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):995-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6297000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; *Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Muscles/immunology/innervation ; Myasthenia Gravis/immunology ; Rats ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*immunology
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    Modulation of striatal dopaminergic function by local injection of 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Rats rotated to the left when 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) was injected into the left caudate nucleus and apomorphine was administered subcutaneously. The combination of NECA and apomorphine was more potent than L-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine and apomorphine in eliciting rotation, suggesting the involvement of adenosine receptors of the Ra type. The response was reduced when 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine was injected along with NECA into the caudate nucleus or when theorphylline was given intraperitoneally. Higher doses of apomorphine elicited a self-mutilatory response after the injection of NECA into the caudate nucleus. These results suggest that adenosine may be involved in the modulation of dopaminergic function in the striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, R D -- Proudfit, H K -- Yeung, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):58-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; Corpus Striatum/*physiology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Injections ; Kinetics ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Rotation ; Vasodilator Agents/*pharmacology
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    Human immunoglobulin heavy chain genes map to a region of translocations in malignant B lymphocytes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kirsch, I R -- Morton, C C -- Nakahara, K -- Leder, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6801764" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Chromosome Mapping ; Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
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    Serum from monkeys with histories of fetal wastage causes abnormalities in cultured rat embryos (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klein, N W -- Plenefisch, J D -- Carey, S W -- Fredrickson, W T -- Sackett, G P -- Burbacher, T M -- Parker, R M -- HD02774/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD08633/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR00166/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):66-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Veterinary/*blood ; Animals ; Congenital Abnormalities/*etiology ; Ectogenesis ; Female ; Macaca nemestrina/blood ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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    Fetal hemoglobin genes turned on in adults (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1295-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy ; Azacitidine/therapeutic use ; Fetal Hemoglobin/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Hemoglobin, Sickle/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Thalassemia/therapy
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    Heart study produces a surprise result (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):31-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123213" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diuretics/*adverse effects ; Heart Diseases/*drug therapy ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Risk ; United States
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  • 36
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    On the origin of introns (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):921-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112105" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Base Sequence ; *Genes ; Humans
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    Heterogeneity in epidermal basal keratinocytes: morphological and functional correlations (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Two structurally distinct populations of basal keratinocytes, nonserrated and serrated, were observed in cynomolgus monkey and human palm epidermis. Anatomical location, fine structural features, and kinetic properties suggest that nonserrated cells represent a stem cell population and that serrated cells help anchor the epidermis to the dermis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lavker, R M -- Sun, T T -- AM 25140/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- EY 00125/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY 02472/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1239-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058342" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Epidermis/*cytology ; Hand ; Humans ; Macaca fascicularis
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Rabies treatment (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lele, R D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123224" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dogs ; Humans ; Medicine, Ayurvedic ; Plant Extracts/*therapeutic use ; *Plants, Medicinal ; Rabies/*prevention & control
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  • 39
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    Purinergic regulation of food intake (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Inosine peripherally administered to rats markedly suppressed spontaneous food intake and food intake induced by diazepam, muscimol, insulin, and food deprivation. The purines 2-deoxyguanosine and 2-deoxyinosine also suppressed food deprivation-induced feeding, whereas 7-methylinosine, which does not bind to the benzodiazepine binding site in vitro, had no effect on food intake when compared with controls. These results suggest that purines may represent endogenous substances that regulate food intake through interactions with the benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, A S -- Morley, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):77-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Appetite/*drug effects ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Eating/*drug effects ; Food Deprivation ; Inosine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Purines/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Spectral character of sunlight modulates photosynthesis of previtamin D3 and its photoisomers in human skin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The photosynthesis of previtamin D3 from 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin was determined after exposure to narrow-band radiation or simulated solar radiation. The optimum wavelengths for the production of previtamin D3 were determined to be between 295 and 300 nanometers. When human skin was exposed to 295-nanometer radiation, up to 65 percent of the original 7-dehydrocholesterol content was converted to previtamin D3. In comparison, when adjacent skin was exposed to simulated solar radiation, the maximum formation of previtamin D3 was about 20 percent. Major differences in the formation of lumisterol3, and tachysterol3 from previtamin D3 were also observed. It is concluded that the spectral character of natural sunlight has a profound effect on the photochemistry of 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLaughlin, J A -- Anderson, R R -- Holick, M F -- AM 27334/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1001-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cholecalciferol/*biosynthesis/metabolism ; Dehydrocholesterols/radiation effects ; Ergosterol/metabolism ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isomerism ; Photochemistry ; Skin/*metabolism ; Spectrum Analysis ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Ultraviolet Rays
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    How did humans evolve big brains? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):840-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079741" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Brain/*anatomy & histology ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Primates/*anatomy & histology
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    Natural antibodies to human retrovirus HTLV in a cluster of Japanese patients with adult T cell leukemia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-19
    Description: Human T cell lymphoma leukemia virus (HTLV) is a human retrovirus (RNA tumor virus) that was originally isolated from a few patients with leukemias or lymphomas involving mature T lymphocytes. Here we report that the serum of Japanese patients with adult T cell leukemia, but not the serum of tested normal donors, contains high titers of antibodies to HTLV. These observations, together with data from Japan showing that adult T cell leukemia is endemic in southwest Japan, suggest that HTLV is involved in a subtype of human T cell malignancy, including Japanese adult T cell leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robert-Guroff, M -- Nakao, Y -- Notake, K -- Ito, Y -- Sliski, A -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 19;215(4535):975-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6760397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Antibody Specificity ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Japan ; Leukemia/*immunology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; *T-Lymphocytes
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    Eukaryotic transcriptional regulation and chromatin-associated protein phosphorylation by cyclic AMP (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) analogs or agents that increase intracellular cyclic AMP rapidly stimulate transcription of the prolactin gene in a line of cultured rat pituitary cells. This effect is correlated with the phosphorylation of a chromatin-associated basic protein designated BPR. These data are consistent with the postulate that increased intracellular cyclic AMP concentrations induce rapid transcriptional effects on specific genes in eukaryotes, mediated by direct or indirect phosphorylation of a specific chromatin-associated protein or proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murdoch, G H -- Rosenfeld, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1315-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; Cyclic AMP/analogs & derivatives/*metabolism ; Nucleoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Pituitary Gland/metabolism ; Prolactin/genetics ; Rats ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Identification of the constant chromosome regions involved in human hematologic malignant disease (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Specific consistent chromosome translocations are regularly observed in certain human leukemias and lymphomas. For the myeloid leukemias, the constant recombinants are: the long arm of 9 to chromosome 22 in chronic myeloid leukemia, the long arm of 21 to chromosome 8 in acute myeloblastic leukemia, and the long arm of 17 to chromosome 15 in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Three related translocations are seen in Burkitt lymphoma and B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia; in each one, chromosome 8 is involved with chromosome 2, 14, or 22. Analysis of a complex translocation affecting chromosomes 8 and 14 indicates that the translocation of chromosome 8 to chromosome 14 is the critical constant rearrangement. The analysis of the DNA at the translocation sites of these chromosomes, rather than the reciprocal of each translocation, appears to be the most productive focus for initial study. The various immunoglobulin loci are located in chromosomes 2, 14, and 22, the chromosomes regularly involved in translocations in Burkitt lymphoma and B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rowley, J D -- CA 16910/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 19266/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 25568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):749-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Lymphoma/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
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    Suprachiasmatic stimulation phase shifts rodent circadian rhythms (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: The integrity of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus is essential to the expression of normal circadian rhythms in rodents. Electrical stimulation of the SCN caused phase shifts and period changes in the freerunning feeding rhythms of rats and activity rhythms of hamsters. The phase response curve for SCN stimulation appears to parallel that for light pulses. These findings strengthen the hypothesis derived from lesion studies that the SCN are the dominant light-entrained oscillators in the rodent circadian system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rusak, B -- Groos, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1407-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063851" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Electric Stimulation ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats
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    Suppression of ovulation in the rat by an orally active antagonist of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: A synthetic antagonist of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone blocked ovulation in rats in a dose-dependent manner when given by gavage on the afternoon of proestrus. Ovulation was delayed for at least 1 day in all animals given 2 milligrams of antogonist and in some of the animals treated with 1 or 0.5 milligram. Oral administration of 2 milligrams also blocked the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone. This demonstration that antagonists of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone can have oral antiovulatory activity clearly enhances their therapeutic potential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nekola, M B -- Horvath, A -- Ge, L J -- Coy, D H -- Schally, A V -- HD-0-2831/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):160-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6750790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Luteinizing Hormone/secretion ; Ovulation/*drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Proestrus/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Pregnancy suppression by active immunization against gestation-specific riboflavin carrier protein (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: A riboflavin carrier protein isolated from chickens cross-reacts with a gestation-specific rodent carrier for riboflavin. Active immunization of female rats of proved fertility with the purified chicken carrier protein completely yet reversibly suppressed early pregnancy without impairing implantation per se. Concurrently there were no discernible adverse effects on maternal health in terms of weight gain, vitamin status, and fertility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murty, C V -- Adiga, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):191-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063879" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies ; Carrier Proteins/*immunology ; Female ; Fetal Resorption/immunology ; Flavins/blood ; Glutathione Reductase/blood ; Immunization ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Pregnancy ; *Pregnancy, Animal ; Progesterone/blood ; Rats
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    General anesthetics hyperpolarize neurons in the vertebrate central nervous system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-10
    Description: The effect of general anesthetics on frog motoneurons and rat hippocampus pyramidal cells was examined with sucrose gap and intracellular recording, respectively. A number of volatile and intravenous anesthetics directly hyperpolarized the motoneurons. The potency of these agents in hyperpolarizing motoneurons was strongly correlated with their anesthetic potency. While the responses to barbiturates and alpha-chloralose were blocked by gamma-aminobutyric acid antagonists and were dependent on the chloride gradient, the responses to all the other anesthetics tested were generated by a separate mechanism. Intracellular recording from hippocampal pyramidal cells suggested that an increase in potassium conductance accounts for these responses. Such a nonsynaptic action would contribute to the decreased neuronal responsiveness observed for these compounds and thus to their anesthetic action.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nicoll, R A -- Madison, D V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 10;217(4564):1055-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112112" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anesthetics/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Ether/pharmacology ; Halothane/pharmacology ; Hippocampus/*drug effects ; Microelectrodes ; Motor Neurons/drug effects ; Potassium/metabolism ; Rats
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    Sugar and dental caries: a review of human studies (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Studies of special population groups, epidemiological surveys, controlled longitudinal studies of humans, and longitudinal studies on the effect of sugar substitutes indicate that frequent or high intake of sugary foods predisposes to dental decay. The relation is not always clear-cut, and most studies have important methodological problems and limitations. Longitudinal measurements of caries increments combined with multiple dietary histories are needed to clarity the association between caries and eating habits. The relative cariogenicity of specific foods can be assessed by a combination of in vitro tests, human in vivo tests, and experimental caries in animals. Human diets, however, vary in food items eaten and the frequency and sequence of eating, and these factors can affect the cariogenicity of a food. Therefore, reported correlations must be interpreted with caution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newbrun, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):418-23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Cariogenic Agents ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Caries/epidemiology/*etiology ; *Diet, Cariogenic ; Food Habits ; Food Preferences ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Sucrose/adverse effects/metabolism ; Sweetening Agents/pharmacology
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    A diurnal rhythm in pineal protein 1 content mediated by beta-adrenergic neurotransmission (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nestler, E J -- Zata, M -- Greengard, P -- MH-17387/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-08440/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):357-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ; Adrenergic beta-Agonists/*pharmacology ; Animals ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cyclic AMP/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Cyclic GMP/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*physiology ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Pineal Gland/drug effects/physiology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Rats ; Synapsins
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    Benzodiazepine receptor-mediated experimental "anxiety" in primates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: The ethyl ester of beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid has a high affinity for benzodiazepine receptors in the brain. In the rhesus monkey this substance produces an acute behavioral syndrome characterized by dramatic elevations in heart rate, blood pressure, plasma cortisol, and catecholamines. The effects are blocked by benzodiazepines and the specific benzodiazepine receptor antagonist Ro 15-1788. The benzodiazepine receptor may consist of several subsites or functional domains that independently recognize agonist, antagonists, or "active" antagonists such as beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. These results suggest that the benzodiazepine receptor is involved in both the affective and physiological manifestations of anxiety, and that the administration of beta-carboxylic acid ethyl ester to monkeys may provide a reliable and reproducible animal model of human anxiety.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ninan, P T -- Insel, T M -- Cohen, R M -- Cook, J M -- Skolnick, P -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1332-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293059" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anxiety/*etiology ; Benzodiazepinones ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Carbolines/pharmacology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Flumazenil ; Heart Rate/*drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/*physiology ; Receptors, GABA-A
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    Preferential attack of mitochondrial DNA by aflatoxin B1 during hepatocarcinogenesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: Administration of the hepatic carcinogen aflatoxin B1 to experimental animals results in covalent binding to liver mitochondrial DNA at concentrations three to four times higher than nuclear DNA. The concentration of carcinogen adducts in mitochondrial DNA remains unchanged even after 24 hours, possible because of lack of excision repair. Similarly, mitochondrial transcription and translation remain inhibited up to 24 hours suggesting long-term effects of aflatoxin B1 on the mitochondrial genetic system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niranjan, B G -- Bhat, N K -- Avadhani, N G -- CA-22762/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):73-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6797067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aflatoxin B1 ; Aflatoxins/*metabolism ; Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Liver Neoplasms/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver/*metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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    Brain injury causes a time-dependent increase in neuronotrophic activity at the lesion site (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: A cavity was made in the brain (entorhinal cortex) of developing or adult rats, and a small piece of Gelfoam was emplaced to collect fluid secreted into the wound. The neuronotrophic activity of the fluid was assayed with sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons in culture. The results show that wounds in the brain of developing or adult rats stimulate the accumulation of neuronotrophic factors and that the activity of these factors increases over the first few days after infliction of the damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nieto-Sampedro, M -- Lewis, E R -- Cotman, C W -- Manthorpe, M -- Skaper, S D -- Barbin, G -- Longo, F M -- Varon, S -- AG-00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH-19691/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-16349/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):860-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/physiology ; Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Injuries/*physiopathology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholinergic Fibers/physiology ; Kinetics ; Nerve Growth Factors/*metabolism/pharmacology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Wound Healing
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    Hemispheric asymmetries in the behavioral and hormonal effects of sexually differentiating mammalian brain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Estrogen pellets were placed in either the right or left hypothalamus of newborn female rats so that only one side of this brain area was exposed to the postnatal masculinizing and defeminizing effects of the hormone. The effects of estrogen on gonadotropin secretion and reproductive behavior depended on both the region and the side of implantation. Exposure of the left hypothalamus to estrogen resulted in defeminized development. Exposure of the right hypothalamus to estrogen resulted in masculinized development. Thus the response of the developing hypothalamus to gonadal steroids may be asymmetric.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nordeen, E J -- Yahr, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):391-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estradiol/*pharmacology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Male ; Ovary/growth & development ; Rats ; *Sex Differentiation/drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology
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    No fraud found in alcoholism study (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):771.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134972" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alcoholism ; *Behavioral Research ; Fraud ; Humans ; *Research ; United States ; allegations that they fabricated data in a project on treatment of alcoholics. ; Their research, which suggested that some alcoholics can reject abstinence and ; learn to moderate their drinking, was disputed by other researchers. The ; investigating committee did not judge whether alcoholics can indeed become ; moderate drinkers but concluded that the Sobells had carried out the research as ; reported except for one lapse ascribed to carelessness. The procedures of the ; committee, which was appointed by the Addiction Research Foundation where the ; Sobells are now employed, have been questioned by critics.
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    Scientists implicated in atom test deception (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):545-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Coercion ; *Deception ; Federal Government ; Government ; *Hazardous Substances ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Information Services ; Judicial Role ; Jurisprudence ; Nevada ; Nuclear Warfare ; *Public Policy ; *Radiation ; *Research Personnel ; *Scientific Misconduct ; Utah ; Atomic Energy Commission officials suppressed data indicating a link between two ; 1953 atomic bomb tests in Nevada and sheep deaths in neighboring Utah, and then ; pressured scientific investigators to concur with the AEC position. In a 1956 ; trial, a federal judge denied compensation to the sheep owners. Evidence of the ; deception came to light in 1979 and 1980 and, on 24 August 1982, the same judge ; ordered a new trial, ruling that several AEC attorneys and scientists had indeed ; misrepresented the facts. His ruling has been appealed by the Department of ; Justice.
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    The risks of living near Love Canal (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):808-9, 811.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chemical Industry ; Humans ; *Industrial Waste ; Risk ; United States
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    Color vision is altered during the suppression phase of binocular rivalry (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: Increment-threshold spectral sensitivity functions were determined during the dominance and suppression phases of binocular rivalry. The shapes of the functions obtained during the dominance phase exhibited three maxima at approximately 440, 530, and 610 nanometers and resembled functions obtained for nonrivalrous control conditions. However, the functions measured during suppression had a single broad peak near 555 nanometers and were adequately described by functions measured with flicker methods during nonrivalrous conditions. The results indicate that binocular rivalry differentially attenuates opponent-color information relative to achromatic information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, E L -- Levi, D M -- Harwerth, R S -- White, J M -- EY01139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY01728/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY03611/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY001139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY003611/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):802-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Color Perception ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Ocular Physiological Phenomena ; Sensory Thresholds ; *Vision, Ocular
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    Norethisterone, a major ingredient of contraceptive pills, is a suicide inhibitor of estrogen biosynthesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Norethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone) is an effective irreversible inhibitor of estrogen synthetase (aromatase), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens, even at a 2 X 10(-6) molar concentration. This irreversible inactivation, which is directed toward the active site of aromatase and requires the cofactor-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, is both time- and concentration-dependent. Ethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyltestosterone), in contrast, is not a suicide inhibitor of aromatase even at concentrations of 10(-4) molar.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osawa, Y -- Yarborough, C -- HDO4945/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Binding Sites/drug effects ; Contraceptives, Oral/*pharmacology ; Estrogens/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Norethindrone/*pharmacology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy
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    Chinese decry dishonesty in scientific research (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Marjorie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):871.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: China ; *Fraud ; Humans ; *Research Personnel ; Science ; *Scientific Misconduct ; similar to those that have been troubling the American scientific community. ; Several articles are cited which report cases of fabrication of data, plagiarism, ; or unfair claims to authorship. A Chinese scientific journal has begun a regular ; column on ethics in science, and researchers have drafted a code of ethics for ; the Peking scientific community.
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    Washington set to act on heptachlor in milk (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):912-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6896767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Food Contamination ; *Heptachlor ; Humans ; *Milk
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    OSHA's new thoughts on cancer policy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):35.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089538" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens ; *Government Agencies ; Humans ; Neoplasms/chemically induced/*prevention & control ; Risk ; United States
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    Lethal effect of phenothiazine neuroleptics on the pathogenic protozoan Leishmania donovani (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: Phenothiazine drugs, which are widely used for their antipsychotic, antianxiety, and antiemetic effects, have been found to have protozoacidal effects on the human pathogen Leishmania donovani. These compounds are lethal to both the extracellular stage of the organism, which is inoculated into humans by the sand fly, and the intracellular stage, which is found solely in human macrophages during established infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pearson, R D -- Manian, A A -- Harcus, J L -- Hall, D -- Hewlett, E L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):369-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Chlorpromazine/pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Humans ; Leishmania/*drug effects ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/*drug therapy ; Macrophages/microbiology ; Mesocricetus
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    Oxytocin induces maternal behavior in virgin female rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Intracerebroventricular administration of oxytocin to virgin female rats that had been ovariectomized and primed with estrogen 48 hours previously induced a rapid onset of full maternal behavior. The maternal behavior persisted and its incidence was dose-related. Tocinoic acid, the ring structure of oxytocin, also rapidly induced the onset of persistent, full maternal behavior. Arginine vasopressin induced persistent maternal behavior, but this behavior had a later onset. Prostaglandin F2 alpha induced strong partial maternal behavior, which showed early onset but did not persist. Many other peptides, ovarian steroids, and prostaglandin E2 were no more effective than saline. These findings suggest that the release of oxytocin and prostaglandin F2 alpha during labor may promote maternal behavior in rats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pedersen, C A -- Ascher, J A -- Monroe, Y L -- Prange, A J Jr -- MH-22536/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-32316/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-34933/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):648-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071605" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/pharmacology ; Brain/physiology ; Female ; Injections, Intraventricular ; *Maternal Behavior ; Oxytocin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Cholinergic innervation in neuritic plaques (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Although several studies of Alzheimer's disease suggest that the frequency of neuritic plaques in the cerebral cortex is correlated with the severity of dementia and with reduction in presynaptic cholinergic markers in the cortex, the relationship between cholinergic cortical innervation and the pathogenesis of plaques is unknown. The hypothesis was tested that the neurites in the plaque consist, in part, of presynaptic cholinergic axons, many of which arise from neurons in the basal forebrain. This hypothesis was tested by analyzing the character and distribution of plaques in monkeys, aged 4 to 31 years, with staining for acetylcholin-esterase and also with Congo red and silver stains. Immature and mature plaques were rich in acetylcholinesterase. As the plaques matured, the amount of amyloid increased, and the number of neurites and the activity of acetylcholinesterase decreased. End-stage amyloid-rich plaques lacked acetylcholinesterase. These observations indicate that changes in cortical cholinergic innervation are an important feature in the pathogenesis and evolution of the neuritic plaque.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Struble, R G -- Cork, L C -- Whitehouse, P J -- Price, D L -- NS 07179/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 15721/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):413-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6803359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase/*metabolism ; Aging ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism/*pathology ; Amyloid/*metabolism ; Animals ; Dementia/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Nerve Degeneration ; Neurons/metabolism
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    Risk estimate vanishes from benzene report (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):914-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112104" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzene/*adverse effects ; Federal Government ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; *Information Dissemination ; Internationality ; Occupational Diseases/*etiology ; *Professional Misconduct ; Risk ; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) deleted a scientific advisory ; group's estimate of the risk of leukemia in workers exposed to small amounts of ; the chemical. Allegations are reported that the estimate, which would have had ; regulatory implications for U.S. industry, was omitted because the National ; Cancer Institute (NCI), responding to industry complaints about the data, ; cautioned the IARC director to refrain from quantitative risk assessment in its ; NCI-funded monographs.
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    Developmental equations for postural tremor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tryon, W W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):300-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Brain/growth & development/*physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Infant ; Tremor/*physiopathology
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    Transformation induced by Abelson murine leukemia virus involves production of a polypeptide growth factor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-21
    Description: Rat embryo fibroblasts transformed by Abelson murine leukemia virus (MuLV) produce and release a transforming growth factor (TGF). Production of this factor is correlated with a tyrosine-specific protein kinase that is functionally active and is associated with the major Abelson MuLV gene product, P120. Transformation-defective mutants of Abelson MuLV do not transform cells, do not have their virus coded transforming gene product phosphorylated in tyrosine, and do not induce TGF production. Abelson MuLV-induced TGF morphologically transforms cells in culture, competes with 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) for binding to cell receptors, and induces phosphorylation of tyrosine acceptor sites in the 160,000-dalton EGF membrane receptor. After purification to homogeneity, Abelson virus-induced TGF migrates as a single polypeptide with an apparent size of 7400 daltons as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Twardzik, D R -- Todaro, G J -- Marquardt, H -- Reynolds, F H Jr -- Stephenson, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):894-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6177040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abelson murine leukemia virus ; Animals ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Phosphotyrosine ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
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    Human aldehyde dehydrogenase: mechanism of inhibition of disulfiram (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-07
    Description: Disulfiram labeled with carbon-14 reacts specifically with human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase E1 with loss of catalytic activity and no incorporation of label. Carbon-14-labeled diethyldithiocarbamate is formed and the number of enzyme sulfhydryl groups decreases from 34 to 30 during this process. Activity is recovered by-mercaptoethanol but not by glutathione, the physiological reducing agent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vallari, R C -- Pietruszko, R -- AA 00186/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- K0200046/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):637-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071604" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ; Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Cytoplasm/enzymology ; Disulfiram/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors ; Liver/enzymology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Sulfhydryl Compounds/antagonists & inhibitors
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    Cytomegalovirus antibody in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients detected by enzyme immunoassay (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-21
    Description: By means of enzyme immunoassay techniques to detect the presence of antibody to cytomegalovirus, the cerebrospinal fluid of 178 patients with schizophrenia, 17 patients with bipolar disorders, and 11 other psychiatric patients was compared with that of 79 neurological patients and 41 normal control subjects. The cerebrospinal fluid of 20 of the schizophrenic patients and 3 of the patients with bipolar disorders showed significant increases in immunoglobulin M antibody to cytomegalovirus; no difference was found in patients on or off psychotropic medications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Torrey, E F -- Yolken, R H -- Winfrey, C J -- N01 AI 92616/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):892-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Bipolar Disorder/immunology/microbiology ; Cytomegalovirus/immunology ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/*complications ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M/analysis ; Schizophrenia/immunology/*microbiology
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    Agricultural research and Third World food production (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: By the close of this century the world may have to feed as many as 2 billion additional people. Most of them will be born in developing countries, especially in marginal lands ill-suited for food production. This article focuses on efforts by the International Agricultural Research Centers to increase food production in the Third World and addresses the social and ecological issues raised by the introduction of high-yielding varieties into fertile Third World lands and describe how varieties are being tailored for introduction into marginal areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Plucknett, D L -- Smith, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):215-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; *Developing Countries ; Ecology ; *Food Supply ; Humans ; *Research
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    Breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Breast-feeding is important to infant nutrition, morbidity, and mortality, and to postpartum amenorrhea (hence to birth intervals). Evidence on breast-feeding patterns in low-income countries from nationally representative World Fertility Surveys and secondary sources shows that in all but a few such countries most children are breast-fed for at least a few months. The limited evidence available on trends seems to indicate a decline in the duration of breast-feeding, but in most of Asia and Africa breast-feeding is almost universal during at least the first 6 months. Earlier weaning is common in Latin America.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Popkin, B M -- Bilsborrow, R E -- Akin, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1088-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146896" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Asia ; *Breast Feeding ; *Developing Countries ; Female ; Humans ; Rural Population ; South America ; Time Factors ; Urban Population
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    Systemic lupus erythematosus: presence in human serum of an unusual acid-labile leukocyte interferon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: A previously undescribed species of human leukocyte, or alpha, interferon is present in the serum of many patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. It was shown to be alpha-interferon by neutralization with specific antiserums, affinity column chromatography, and antiviral activity on bovine cells. However, 23 of 30 interferon samples tested were inactivated by incubation at pH 2, a characteristic of human "immune," or gamma, interferon. Multiple samples of interferon from the same patient had similar biological properties, but samples from different patients were not all identical, suggesting that several variants of this species of human alpha-interferon may exist.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Preble, O T -- Black, R J -- Friedman, R M -- Klippel, J H -- Vilcek, J -- R01-AI-07057/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI-12948/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6176024" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Interferons/*blood/immunology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*blood
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 74
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    Modulation of spasticity: prolonged suppression of a spinal reflex by electrical stimulation (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: Electrical subcutaneous nerve stimulation of radial, median, and saphenous nerves has been shown to produce prolonged analgesia. In a double blind study, such stimulation also suppressed clonus for 3 hours after stimulation ceased in subjects with spasticity. Since the effect is contralateral, each subject was his own control. Because stimulation of the nerve in the wrist suppressed ankle clonus, the mechanism mediating the effect must be centrifugal inhibition. These results suggest that subcutaneous nerve stimulation may also be a tool in the management of spasticity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walker, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):203-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063882" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Electric Stimulation ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/physiopathology ; Muscle Spasticity/physiopathology/*therapy ; Peripheral Nerves/physiopathology ; Reflex/physiology ; Spinal Cord/physiopathology
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  • 75
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    Temporal trends in the lead concentrations of umbilical cord blood (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: Umbilical cord blood specimens from 11,837 births between April 1979 and April 1981 have been analyzed for lead by anodic stripping voltammetry. The mean was 6.56 +/- 3.19 (standard deviation) micrograms per deciliter of blood, and the range was 0.0 to 37.0 micrograms per deciliter. The mean decreased annually by 0.77 +/- 0.03 microgram per deciliter, about 11 percent. Lead concentrations were higher in infants born in summer than in infants born in winter (7.17 versus 5.99, probability less than .001). A Fourier model of the data is presented, and possible reasons for the decline are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rabinowitz, M B -- Needleman, H L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Boston ; Environmental Exposure ; Fetal Blood/*analysis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lead/*blood ; Longitudinal Studies ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Seasons
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  • 76
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    How do we avoid confounding the direction we are looking and the direction we are moving? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Contrary to a previous assumption, the center of the expanding pattern of visual flow is not generally useful as an aid in judging the direction of self motion since its direction depends on the direction of gaze. For some visual environments, however, the point of maximum rate of change of magnification in the retinal image coincides with the direction of self motion, independently of the direction of gaze. This visual indicator could be used to judge the direction of self motion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Regan, D -- Beverley, K I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):194-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053572" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Motion Perception/*physiology ; Orientation/physiology ; Retina/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Manipulation of event-related potential manifestations of information processing stages (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: The timing of two event-related potential components was differentially affected by two experimental variables. The earlier component (NA) was affected by degradation of the stimuli and the later component (N2) by the nature of a classification task. The results support the hypothesis that NA and N2 reflect sequential stages of information processing, namely, pattern recognition and stimulus classification.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ritter, W -- Simson, R -- Vaughan, H G Jr -- Macht, M -- HD 10804/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- IF32 AGO-5193/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH 06723/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):909-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cognition/*physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Information Theory ; Perception/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 78
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    Inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in the rat by immunoneutralization of corticotropin-releasing factor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Intravenous administration of rabbit antiserum to ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) markedly reduced the CRF-induced rise of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in intact nonstressed adult male rats while blocking more than 75 percent of the ACTH release observed in rats exposed to ether stress. Furthermore, antiserum to CRF significantly lowered ACTH levels in adrenalectomized animals. These results suggest that endogenous CRF plays a physiological role in regulating ACTH secretion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rivier, C -- Rivier, J -- Vale, W -- AM18811/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM20917/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26741/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):377-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood/*secretion ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/*immunology ; Male ; Rats ; Secretory Rate/drug effects
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    Human fetal movement: spontaneous oscillations near one cycle per minute (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Spectral analysis of spontaneous fluctuations in human fetal movement revealed strong oscillations at frequencies between 0.24 and 0.90 cycle per minute, which are much higher than those of the cyclic alternation of quiet and active states in the fetus and neonate. Oscillations at frequencies up to 2.88 cycles per minute were also detected, but they were usually much weaker. The prominent peaks in the fetal movement spectra are in the frequency range of recently reported neonatal motor rhythms, and indicate the existence of a cyclic process controlling spontaneous motor output that oscillates near one cycle per minute and begins to function in utero.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robertson, S S -- Dierker, L J -- Sorokin, Y -- Rosen, M G -- M01RR00210/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50HD11089/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1327-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; *Movement ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Spectrum Analysis/methods ; Time Factors
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  • 80
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    Tonotopic organization of the human auditory cortex (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Neuromagnetic measurements of responses to auditory stimuli consisting of pure tones amplitude-modulated at a low frequency have been used to deduce the location of cortical activity. The evoked field source systematically increased in depth beneath the scalp with increasing frequency of the tone. The tonotopic progression can be described as a logarithmic mapping.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romani, G L -- Williamson, S J -- Kaufman, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1339-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Auditory Cortex/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Humans ; Magnetics
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  • 81
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    Endemic pleural disease associated with exposure to mixed fibrous dust in Turkey (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-30
    Description: Pleural mesothelioma, lung cancer, pleural calcification and fibrosis, and interstitial parenchymal fibrosis have been observed among inhabitants of several villages in south-central Turkey. Earlier reports have stated that environmental and lung tissue samples from this area contained the fibrous zeolite mineral erionite, and this mineral has generally been assumed to be the agent responsible for these endemic pathological conditions in the absence of asbestos outcroppings and usage. Several different kinds of asbestos minerals in addition to erionite have now been found in environmental samples taken from the villages where these diseases occur. The lung tissues of mesothelioma patients from these villages contain both fibrous zeolites and asbestos minerals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rohl, A N -- Langer, A M -- Moncure, G -- Selikoff, I J -- Fischbein, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 30;216(4545):518-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071597" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dust ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/*chemically induced ; Lung Neoplasms/*chemically induced/epidemiology ; Mesothelioma/*chemically induced/epidemiology ; Turkey
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  • 82
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    Subperiosteal expansion and cortical remodeling of the human femur and tibia with aging (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: Increases with aging in subperiosteal dimensions and second moments of area (measures of bending and torsional rigidity) in femoral and tibial cross sections are documented in an archeological sample from the American Southwest. Significant differences between cross-sectional sites and between sexes in the pattern of cortical remodeling with age are also present. These differences appear to be related to variations in the stress or strain levels in different regions of the femur and tibia which result from in vivo mechanical loadings of the lower limb.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruff, C B -- Hayes, W C -- AM00749/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26740/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):945-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aging ; Bone Development ; Female ; Femur/*physiology ; Fractures, Bone/etiology ; Growth ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periosteum/*physiology ; Physical Exertion ; Sex Characteristics ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tibia/*physiology
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  • 83
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    Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of herpes simplex virus encephalitis with a radiolabeled antiviral drug (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: 2'-Fluoro-5-methyl-l-beta-D-arabinosyluracil (FMAU) labeled with carbon-14 was used to image herpes simplex virus type 1-infected regions of rat brain by quantitative autoradiography. FMAU is a potent antiviral pyrimidine nucleoside which is selectively phosphorylated by virus-coded thymidine kinase. When the labeled FMAU was administered 6 hours before the rats were killed, the selective uptake and concentration of the drug and its metabolites by infected cells (defined by immunoperoxidase staining of viral antigens) allowed quantitative definition and mapping of HSV-1-infected structures in autoradiograms of brain sections. These results show that quantitative autoradiography can be used to characterize the local metabolism of antiviral drugs by infected cells in vivo. They also suggest that the selective uptake of drugs that exploit viral thymidine kinase for their antiviral effect can, by appropriate labeling, be used in conjunction with clinical neuroimaging techniques to define infected regions of human brain, thereby providing a new approach to the diagnosis of herpes encephalitis in man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saito, Y -- Price, R W -- Rottenberg, D A -- Fox, J J -- Su, T L -- Watanabe, K A -- Philips, F S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antiviral Agents ; Arabinofuranosyluracil/*analogs & derivatives ; Autoradiography ; Cytarabine/analogs & derivatives ; Encephalitis/microbiology/*pathology ; Herpes Simplex/*pathology ; Rats ; Uridine/*analogs & derivatives
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    Hormonal regulation of gonadotropin receptors and steroidogenesis in cultured fetal rat tests (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Gonadotropic activation of the adult rat testis in vitro and in vivo is followed by down-regulation of luteinizing hormone receptors and decreased androgen responses to subsequent hormonal stimulation. In contrast, treatment of cultured fetal testes with gonadotropins and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate enhanced steroidogenic responsiveness and did not cause the luteinizing hormone-receptor loss and desensitization that is characteristic of the adult gonad. The analysis of gonadotropin receptors and action in cultured fetal testis cells facilitates developmental studies of gonadal function, and has revealed significant differences in the responses of fetal and adult Leydig cells to gonadotropic regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warren, D W -- Dufau, M L -- Catt, K J -- 1F33-HD06192/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):375-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289438" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Hydroxyprogesterones/biosynthesis ; Leydig Cells/*drug effects ; Luteinizing Hormone/pharmacology ; Male ; Progesterone/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, LH ; Testis/*embryology/metabolism ; Testosterone/biosynthesis
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    Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia: loss of neurons in the basal forebrain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Recent evidence indicates that the nucleus basalis of Meynert, a distinct population of basal forebrain neurons, is a major source of cholinergic innervation of the cerebral cortex. Postmortem studies have previously demonstrated profound reduction in the presynaptic markers for cholinergic neurons in the cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type. The results of this study show that neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert undergo a profound (greater than 75 percent) and selective degeneration in these patients and provide a pathological substrate of the cholinergic deficiency in their brains. Demonstration of selective degeneration of such neurons represents the first documentation of a loss of a transmitter-specific neuronal population in a major disorder of higher cortical function and, as such, points to a critical subcortical lesion in Alzheimer's patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whitehouse, P J -- Price, D L -- Struble, R G -- Clark, A W -- Coyle, J T -- Delon, M R -- MH 00125/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH 26654/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS 10580/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1237-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/physiology ; Alzheimer Disease/*pathology/physiopathology ; Basal Ganglia/*pathology ; Dementia/*pathology/physiopathology ; Humans ; Neural Pathways/pathology
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    Aspartate: possible neurotransmitter in cerebellar climbing fibers (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-02
    Description: Autoradiography demonstrated prominent retrograde labeling of olivocerebellar climbing fiber neurons after injection of tritiated D-aspartate into the rat cerebellar cortex or deep nuclei. Mossy fiber systems originating in the brainstem and spinal cord remained unlabeled. Potassium ion-induced depolarization of cerebellar slices resulted in calcium ion-dependent release of endogenous L-aspartate, L-glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glycine. A 26 percent decrease in aspartate release was observed after 3-acetylpyridine-induced destruction of the inferior olive, supporting the hypothesis that aspartate is a neurotransmitter in climbing fibers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wiklund, L -- Toggenburger, G -- Cuenod, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 2;216(4541):78-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6121375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Aspartic Acid/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/cytology/*metabolism ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Glutamic Acid ; Glycine/metabolism ; Neural Pathways/metabolism ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Rats ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
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    Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli producing biosynthetic human insulin proteins (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: Escherichia coli that has been genetically manipulated by recombinant DNA technology to synthesize human insulin polypeptides (A chain, B chain, or proinsulin) contains prominent cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. The amount of inclusion product within the cells corresponds to the quantity of chimeric protein formed by the bacteria. At peak production, the inclusion bodies may occupy as much as 20 percent of the Escherichia coli cellular volume.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, D C -- Van Frank, R M -- Muth, W L -- Burnett, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):687-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7036343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cloning, Molecular/methods ; Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure ; DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Humans ; Insulin/*genetics ; Microscopy, Electron ; Plasmids
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  • 88
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    Type A behavior and elevated physiological and neuroendocrine responses to cognitive tasks (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Qualitatively distinct patterns of cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses were observed in male college students during mental work and during sensory intake task performance. During mental work, Type A (coronary-prone) subjects showed greater muscle vasodilatation and more enhanced secretion of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol than Type B subjects. During sensory intake, Type A hyperresponsivity was found for testosterone and, among those subjects with a positive family history of hypertension, for cortisol. As a demonstration of combined cardiovascular, sympathetic nervous system, and neuroendocrine hyperresponsivity to specific cognitive tasks in Type A subjects, this study breaks ground in the search for mechanisms mediating the increased coronary disease risk among Type A persons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Williams, R B Jr -- Lane, J D -- Kuhn, C M -- Melosh, W -- White, A D -- Schanberg, S M -- HL-22740/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- MH-6489/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-70482/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):483-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/*physiology ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; Hemodynamics ; Hormones/blood ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Risk
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    A new perceptual context-superiority effect: line segments are more visible against a figure than against a ground (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: Context, specifically the perceived figure or ground of an ambiguous form that surrounds a diagonal line segment, can influence the discrimination of that line segment even though the physical attributes of the context remain the same during figure-ground reversals. When the line segment was flashed on a region of the form seen as figure, discrimination was twice as accurate as when the line segment was flashed in isolation, and it was at least three times as accurate as when the line segment was flashed on that same region seen as ground.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, E -- Weisstein, N -- EY-03432/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):587-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Form Perception/*physiology ; Humans ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Potassium iodide: effectiveness after nuclear accidents (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yalow, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):742.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134970" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Accidents ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism/*radiotherapy ; Iodine Radioisotopes/*adverse effects ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; *Nuclear Energy ; Potassium Iodide/*therapeutic use ; Radiotherapy/adverse effects ; Thyroid Neoplasms/etiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    Transformation of human leukocytes by cocultivation with an adult T cell leukemia virus producer cell line (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: The transmission of adult T cell leukemia virus, a human retrovirus, into fresh leukocytes from normal humans was examined. One of three virus-carrying cell lines, tested after being subjected to lethal x-irradiation, consistently transformed leukocytes from adult peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood. All the transformed cell lines expressed adult T cell leukemia virus-associated antigen, but transformed lines originating from adult and umbilical cord blood exhibited T cell and non-T, non-B cell surface natures, respectively. Efforts to transform human leukocytes with cell-free virus were unsuccessful.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamamoto, N -- Okada, M -- Koyanagi, Y -- Kannagi, M -- Hinuma, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):737-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6980467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Surface/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line ; Fetal Blood ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukocytes/*physiology ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; *Transformation, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Cure of mice infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and disulfiram rescue (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Mice infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense were treatment concurrently with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP), disulfiram, and hydration. Most of the mice (92.5 percent) were cured; inoculation of blood or suspensions of brain or heart from these animals did not produce disease in recipient mice. The dose of DDP needed to eliminate the trypanosomes, 3 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day for 7 days, was lethally toxic unless the animals received disulfiram orally and subcutaneous injections of physiologic saline, which reduced the acute renal necrosis caused by DDP alone. Some mild to moderate reversible renal damage was noted upon pathologic examination of the treated mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wysor, M S -- Zwelling, L A -- Sanders, J E -- Grenan, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):454-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cisplatin/adverse effects ; Disulfiram/*administration & dosage ; Kidney/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Necrosis/chemically induced ; Rats ; Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage ; Trypanosoma/drug effects ; Trypanosomiasis, African/pathology/*therapy
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Molecular weight of human gamma interferon is similar to that of other human interferons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-22
    Description: The molecular weight (as determined by molecular sieve chromatography) of human gamma interferon, formerly referred to as immune or type II interferon, is between 40,000 and 70,000. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, gamma interferon activity was recovered mainly from two regions of the gels corresponding to molecular weights of 20,000 and 25,000. The results suggest that in native form human gamma interferon may be aggregated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yip, Y K -- Barrowclough, B S -- Urban, C -- Vilcek, J -- R01-AI-07057/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI-12948/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 22;215(4531):411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6173921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Glycoproteins ; Humans ; *Interferons ; Lymphocytes ; Macromolecular Substances ; Molecular Weight
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    Wound tissue can utilize a polymeric template to synthesize a functional extension of skin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Prompt and long-term closure of full-thickness skin wounds is guinea pigs and humans is achieved by applying a bilayer polymeric membrane. The membrane comprises a top layer of a silicone elastomer and a bottom layer of a porous cross-linked network of collagen and glycosaminoglycan. The bottom layer can be seeded with a small number of autologous basal cells before grafting. No immunosuppression is used and infection, exudation, and rejection are absent. Host tissue utilizes the sterile membrane as a culture medium to synthesize neoepidermal and neodermal tissue. A functional extension of skin over the entire wound area is formed in about 4 weeks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yannas, I V -- Burke, J F -- Orgill, D P -- Skrabut, E M -- GM 21700/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23946/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 14322/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7031899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Burns/*therapy ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Collagen/therapeutic use ; Female ; Glycosaminoglycans/therapeutic use ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicone Elastomers/therapeutic use ; *Skin Transplantation ; *Wound Healing
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    The origin of man: a chromosomal pictorial legacy (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-19
    Description: Man, gorilla, and chimpanzee likely shared an ancestor in whom the fine genetic organization of chromosomes was similar to that of present man. A comparative analysis of high-resolution chromosomes from orangutan, gorilla, chimpanzee, and man suggests that 18 or 23 pairs of chromosomes of modern man are virtually identical to those of our "common hominoid ancestor", with the remaining pairs slightly different. From this lineage, gorilla separated fist, and three major chromosomal rearrangements presumably occurred in a progenitor of chimpanzee and man before the final divergence of these tow species. A precursor of the hominoid ancestor and orangutan is also assumed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yunis, J J -- Prakash, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 19;215(4539):1525-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosomes, Human/*ultrastructure ; Humans ; Karyotyping/methods ; Primates/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    Type II collagen autoimmunity in otosclerosis and Meniere's Disease (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: Antibodies to collagen types I, II, and IV were measured in patients with otosclerosis and patients with Meniere's disease. Levels of antibodies to type II collagen were significantly higher in these patients than in control subjects, while no differences were found among levels of antibodies to collagen type I or type IV. These observations suggest a possible role for type II collagen autoimmunity in the etiology of otosclerosis and Meniere's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoo, T J -- Stuart, J M -- Kang, A H -- Townes, A S -- Tomoda, K -- Dixit, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1153-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112122" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Autoantibodies/analysis ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; Collagen/classification/*immunology ; Humans ; Meniere Disease/*immunology ; Osteosclerosis/*immunology
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  • 97
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    The neuroanatomy of amnesia: amygdala-hippocampus versus temporal stem (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: Using a task known to be sensitive to human amnesia, we have evaluated two current hypotheses about which brain regions must be damaged to produce the disorder. Monkeys with bilateral transections of the white matter of the temporal stem were unimpaired, but monkeys with conjoint amygdala-hippocampal lesions exhibited a severe memory deficit. The results indicate that the hippocampus, amygdala, or both, but not the temporal stem, are involved in memory in the monkey and suggest that a rapprochement between the findings for the human and the nonhuman primate may be close at hand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zola-Morgan, S -- Squire, L R -- Mishkin, M -- MH24600/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1337-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6890713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amnesia/*etiology ; Amygdala/*physiology ; Animals ; Brain Injuries/complications ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Humans ; Macaca fascicularis ; *Memory
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Hemoglobin Parchman: double crossover within a single human gene (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-15
    Description: Structural analysis of a new variant hemoglobin revealed tryptic peptides with the amino acid composition of normal delta-globin, except for two internal peptides, which had the compositions of normal beta-globin. The most likely explanation for these findings is that a double, nonhomologous crossover between the delta-and beta-globin genes had occurred.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adams, J G 3rd -- Morrison, W T -- Steinberg, M H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 15;218(4569):291-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123235" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Crossing Over, Genetic ; Globins/genetics ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/*genetics ; Humans
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Developmental changes in the biliary excretion of methylmercury and glutathione (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-02
    Description: The long half-time for methylmercury in the neonatal rats is explained by the neonatal liver's inability to secrete the toxin into bile, which in adults is the main route of elimination. The ability to secrete mercury into bile develops between 2 and 4 weeks of age and is correlated with the increasing ability of the developing liver to secrete glutathione into bile.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ballatori, N -- Clarkson, T W -- 5T 32 ESO 7026/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ESO 1247/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ESO 1248/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 2;216(4541):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Bile/*metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Glutathione/*metabolism ; Liver/growth & development/*metabolism ; Methylmercury Compounds/*metabolism ; Rats ; Sulfhydryl Compounds/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Neuromagnetic localization of epileptiform spike activity in the human brain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: Local paroxysmal discharges of epileptic tissue within the human brain, which may be electrically recorded as voltage spikes in the electroencephalogram, also generate extracranial magnetic fields. These fields were assessed by means of recently developed neuromagnetometric techniques. Surface measurements of magnetic spike field strength in the region of the focus appear sufficient to establish the location, depth, orientation, and polarity of currents underlying the paroxysmal discharge.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barth, D S -- Sutherling, W -- Engel, J Jr -- Beatty, J -- 78040-29867-5/PHS HHS/ -- RR07009/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):891-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6813968" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain/*physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology ; Epilepsies, Partial/*physiopathology ; Humans ; *Magnetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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