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  • Genes  (42)
  • Species Specificity  (35)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (77)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1980-1984  (77)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1982  (32)
  • 1980  (45)
  • 1939
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (77)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Springer  (1)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (77)
  • 1935-1939
Year
  • 1
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    Widespread occurrence in frogs and toads of skin compounds interacting with the ouabain site of Na+, K+-ATPase (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: Amphibians of the family Bufonidae contain high levels of skin compounds that both inhibit Na+- and K+-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase and antagonize the binding of ouabain to the enzyme. In species of Bufo and Atelopus, these compounds are relatively nonpolar bufodienolides, whereas Dendrophryniscus and Melanophryniscus contain more polar compounds of unknown structure. Skin extracts from 30 of 48 species of frogs representing an additional eight families contained relatively low levels of compounds that inhibit binding of ouabain to Na+,K+-adenosinetriphosphatase. The widespread occurrence of low levels of inhibitory compounds is consonant with the role for these compounds as physiological regulators of Na+,K+-adenosinetriphosphatase in amphibian skin; high levels in the Bufonidae probably also serve as a defense against some predators.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flier, J -- Edwards, M W -- Daly, J W -- Myers, C W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):503-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6245447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Bufanolides/pharmacology ; Ouabain/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Skin/analysis/enzymology/*metabolism ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/*metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Tissue Extracts/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    The phylogeny of prokaryotes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, G E -- Stackebrandt, E -- Hespell, R B -- Gibson, J -- Maniloff, J -- Dyer, T A -- Wolfe, R S -- Balch, W E -- Tanner, R S -- Magrum, L J -- Zablen, L B -- Blakemore, R -- Gupta, R -- Bonen, L -- Lewis, B J -- Stahl, D A -- Luehrsen, K R -- Chen, K N -- Woese, C R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):457-63.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6771870" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteria/*classification ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Chloroplasts/analysis ; Clostridium/classification ; Cyanobacteria/classification ; DNA/analysis ; *Phylogeny ; RNA, Ribosomal/*analysis ; Species Specificity
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  • 3
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    DNA polymerases in parasitic protozoans differ from host enzymes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-02
    Description: Analysis of extracts of the bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei showed that both DNA polymerase-alpha and DNA polymerase-beta activities were present. The detection of DNA polymerase-beta in T. brucei demonstrates the presence of this enzyme in unicellular organisms. DNA polymerase-beta is present also in Leishmania mexicana. The DNA polymerases in T. brucei are immunologically distinct from the host enzymes. The structural differences between the parasite and the host enzymes could be exploited for the development of agents to combat parasitic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chang, L M -- Cheriathundam, E -- Mahoney, E M -- Cerami, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 2;208(4443):510-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367875" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Chickens ; DNA Polymerase I/analysis ; DNA Polymerase II/analysis ; DNA Polymerase III/analysis ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*analysis ; Fishes ; Immune Sera ; Leishmania/*enzymology ; Molecular Weight ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/*enzymology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 4
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    Immunohistochemical localization of amelogenins in enameloid of lower vertebrate teeth (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: The indirect method of immunofluorescence was used to demonstrate the presence of amelogenins in the enameloid of teeth and dermal denticles of Chondrichthyes; in the enameloid of Teleostei and Amphibia; and in the enamel of Reptilia. Nonmammalian amelogenins are formed in the ectodermal cells of tooth organs and chemically are so similar to mammalian amelogenins that they interact with antiserum prepared from bovine enamel matrix.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herold, R C -- Graver, H T -- Christner, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1357-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6986656" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amelogenesis ; Animals ; Dental Enamel Proteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Species Specificity ; Tooth/*anatomy & histology ; Vertebrates/*anatomy & histology
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  • 5
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    Swim bladder volume maintenance related to initial oceanic migratory depth in silver-phase Anguilla rostrata (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Gas deposition rates in the swim bladders of postmetamorphic (silver) Anguilla rostrata eels are about five times greater than those of premetamorphic (yellow) individuals. This extends the maximum depth at which silver eels can maintain swim bladder volume and prepares them for their spawning migration to the Sargasso Sea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kleckner, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1481-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acclimatization ; Air Sacs/*physiology ; Anguilla/*physiology ; Animals ; Species Specificity
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  • 6
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    Allele increasing susceptibility to human breast cancer may be linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase locus (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-25
    Description: The patterns of the occurrence of breast cancer in 11 high-risk families were evaluated by segregation and linkage analysis. These patterns were consistent with the hypothesis that increased susceptibility to breast cancer was inherited as an autosomal dominant allele with high penetrance in women. The postulated susceptibility allele in these families may be chromosomally linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (E.C. 2.6.1.2, alanine aminotransferase) locus. Confirmation of this linkage in other families would establish the existence of a gene increasing susceptibility to breast cancer. Since there is no association in the general population between a woman's glutamate-pyruvate transaminase genotype and her cancer risk, the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase linkage cannot be used as a screening test for breast cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, M C -- Go, R C -- Elston, R C -- Lynch, H T -- Petrakis, N L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 25;208(4442):406-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7367867" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alanine Transaminase/*genetics ; Alleles ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics/transmission ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Pedigree ; X Chromosome
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  • 7
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    Tooth induction in chick epithelium: expression of quiescent genes for enamel synthesis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-29
    Description: Intraocular grafts of chick epithelium combined with mouse molar mesenchyme produced a variety of dental structures including perfectly formed crowns with differentiated ameloblasts depositing enamel matrix. The results suggest that the loss of teeth in Aves did not result from a loss of genetic coding for enamel synthesis in the oral epithelium but from an alteration in the tissue interactions requisite for odontogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kollar, E J -- Fisher, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 29;207(4434):993-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Amelogenesis ; Animals ; Chick Embryo/*cytology ; Culture Techniques ; Dental Enamel Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Embryonic Induction ; Epithelial Cells ; Genes ; Mandible/cytology ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Mice ; *Odontogenesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in immature B cells (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Two types of immature B cells, namely fetal liver hybridomas and the leukemic cell line 70Z/3, both of which have cytoplasmic mu chains but no light chains, were examined for DNA rearrangements of their light chain and heavy chain immunoglobulin genes. In the fetal liver hybridomas, which were constructed from fetal liver cells and a tumor cell, no light chain gene rearrangement was observed, whereas in the 70Z/3 cell line a kappa light chain rearrangement probably occurred. The results suggest that, although the lack of light chain synthesis can be due to a lack of gene rearrangement, there may also be transcriptional regulation, which may also be important for the expression of light chain immunoglobulins in immature B cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maki, R -- Kearney, J -- Paige, C -- Tonegawa, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1366-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6774416" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Genes ; Hybrid Cells/immunology ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Leukemia, Experimental/*immunology ; Liver/*embryology ; Mice ; Recombination, Genetic ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 9
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    Mutations in a nonessential viral gene permit bacteriophage T4 to form plaques on Escherichia coli valS ts relA (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: During viral development bacteriophage T4 modifies the valyl-transfer RNA synthetase of its host Escherichia coli, but the function of the modification has remained elusive. A strain of Escherichia coli has now been identified which is nonpermissive for wild-type bacteriophage T4, but permissive for bacteriophage mutants impaired in the modification reaction. A comparison with other bacteria suggests that nonpermissiveness is due to synthesis of a thermolabile valyl-transfer RNA synthetase and relaxed control of RNA accumulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marchin, G L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):294-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6992274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Escherichia coli/*genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; *Mutation ; Species Specificity ; T-Phages/*genetics ; Viral Plaque Assay
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  • 10
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    Insertion of a new gene of viral origin into bone marrow cells of mice (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: DNA containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene was used to transform wild-type tk+ mouse L cells to a tk++ status in vitro using methotrexate as a selective agent. HSVtk DNA was also used to transform mouse bone marrow cells in vitro. Transformed marrow cells injected into irradiated and methotrexate-treated recipient mice gave rise to proliferating cells which in some cases dominated the marrow population and which contained HSVtk gene sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mercola, K E -- Stang, H D -- Browne, J -- Salser, W -- Cline, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1033-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6246577" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/*enzymology ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; DNA, Viral/analysis ; Drug Resistance ; *Genes, Viral ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Methotrexate/pharmacology ; Mice ; Simplexvirus/enzymology/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics ; *Transformation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Evolutionary conservation of repetitive sequence expression in sea urchin egg RNA's (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: Cloned repetitive DNA sequences were used to determine the number of homologous RNA transcripts in the eggs of two sea urchin species, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and S. franciscanus. The eggs of these species contain different amounts of RNA, and their genomes contain different numbers of copies of the cloned repeats. The specific pattern of repetitive sequence representation in the two egg RNA's is nonetheless quantitatively similar. The evolutionary conservation of this pattern suggests the functional importance of repeat sequence expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, G P -- Costantini, F D -- Posakony, J W -- Davidson, E H -- Britten, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1046-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6154974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Ovum/physiology ; Plasmids ; RNA/*genetics ; Sea Urchins/*genetics ; Species Specificity ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 12
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    Intercellular adhesion: coconstruction of contractile heart tissue by cells of different species (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-06-06
    Description: Dissociated embryonic rat myocardial cells and chick myocardial cells labeled with radioactive isotope coaggregate and establish intercellular junctions. These bispecific cells reconstruct synchronously beating myocardial tissue within 24 hours of culture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nag, A C -- Cheng, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1150-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; *Cell Aggregation ; Cells, Cultured ; Chickens ; Heart/*embryology ; Intercellular Junctions/ultrastructure ; Mosaicism ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/*cytology ; Rats ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    J genes for heavy chain immunoglobulins of mouse (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-05
    Description: A 15,8-kilobase pair fragment of BALB/c mouse liver DNA, cloned in the Charon 4A lambda phage vector system, was shown to contain the mu heavy chain constant region (CHmu) gene for the mouse immunoglobulin M. In addition, this fragment of DNA contains at least two J genes, used to code for the carboxyl terminal portion of heavy chain variable regions. These genes are located in genomic DNA about eight kilobase pairs to the 5' side of the CHmu gene. The complete nucleotide sequence of a 1120-base pair stretch of DNA that includes the two J genes has been determined.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Newell, N -- Richards, J E -- Tucker, P W -- Blattner, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 5;209(4461):1128-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody/*genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin mu-Chains/*genetics ; Mice
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  • 14
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    Gene affecting superoxide dismutase activity linked to the histocompatibility complex in H-2 congenic mice (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: The activity of cyanide-sensitive, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) was studied in liver sytosols from H-2 congenic strains of mice. Higher SOD activity was found in livers of mice having H-2b/A.BY, B10, and C3H.SW/haplotypes than in those of H-2a, H-2k and H-2d haplotypes. Segregation studies supported these correlations. In H-2 recombinant strains of mice, the genes influencing the liver SOD activity occur, as ascertained by mapping techniques, at or near the H-2d region of the major histocompatibility complex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Novak, R -- Bosze, Z -- Matkovics, B -- Fachet, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):86-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7350646" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Genes ; Genes, Regulator ; Genetic Linkage ; H-2 Antigens/*genetics ; Liver/enzymology ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Superoxide Dismutase/*genetics
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  • 15
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    DDT contamination at Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-25
    Description: Disposal of industrial waste resulted in massive DDT contamination at Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge, Alabama. Nearly a decade after the cessation of DDT manufacturing at the facility responsible, concentrations of DDT residues in the local fauna are still high enough to suggest avian reproductive impairment and mortality. Populations of fish-eating birds are low, endangered species are being exposed, and muscle lipids of game birds contain up to 6900 parts of DDT (isomers and metabolites) per million.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Shea, T J -- Fleming, W J -- Cromartie, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 25;209(4455):509-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7394517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birds ; DDT/*analysis ; Ducks ; *Industrial Waste ; Lipids/analysis ; Muscles/analysis ; Rabbits ; Species Specificity
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  • 16
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    Altering genotype and phenotype by DNA-mediated gene transfer (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Transformation, or DNA-mediated gene transfer, permits the introduction of new genetic information into a cell and frequently results in a change in phenotype. The transforming DNA is ultimately integrated into a recipient cell chromosome. No unique chromosomal locations are apparent, different lines contain the transforming DNA on different chromosomes. Expression of transformed genes frequently results in the synthesis of new polypeptide products which restore appropriate mutant cells to the wild-type phenotype. Thus transformation provides an in vivo assay for the functional role of DNA sequence organization about specific genes. Transforming genes coding for selectable functions, such as adenine phosphoribosyltransferase or thymidine kinase, have now been isolated by utilizing transformation in concert with molecular cloning. Finally, transformation may provide a general approach to the analysis of complex heritable phenotypes by permitting the distinction between phenotypic changes without concomitant changes in DNA and functional genetic rearrangements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pellicer, A -- Robins, D -- Wold, B -- Sweet, R -- Jackson, J -- Lowy, I -- Roberts, J M -- Sim, G K -- Silverstein, S -- Axel, R -- CA 16346/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 17477/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 23767/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1414-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular/methods ; DNA/*genetics ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Genotype ; Mutation ; Pentosyltransferases/*genetics ; Phenotype ; Recombination, Genetic ; Selection, Genetic ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics ; *Transformation, Genetic
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  • 17
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    Sperm-egg interaction: evidence for boar sperm plasma membrane receptors for porcine zona pellucida (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: Freshly ejaculated, noncapacitated boar sperm bind rapidly and in large numbers to pig egg zona pellucida in vitro. In the present study, the number of sperm bound decreased sharply when sperm motility was lowered by energy poisons or by reducing the temperature. Highly motile sperm from humans, guinea pigs, and rats, added at concentrations ten times higher than control sperm, did not bind to the porcine zona. At the same high concentration, a small number of hamster and bull sperm bound to the zona. Binding of boar sperm to the zona pellucida was blocked almost completely by diluted whole antiserum to sperm plasma membranes and by univalent (Fab) antibody to these membranes. When antibody to sperm plasma membrane was first absorbed with plasma membrane vesicles, sperm binding was not inhibited. These results provide direct evidence for the existence of sperm plasma membrane receptors for the zona pellucida of the pig.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peterson, R N -- Russell, L -- Bundman, D -- Freund, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):73-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7188647" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Male ; Ovum/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; *Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Spermatozoa/*metabolism ; Swine ; Zona Pellucida/*metabolism
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  • 18
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    Regional assignment of genes for human esterase D and retinoblastoma to chromosome band 13q14 (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-05-30
    Description: The expression of human esterase D was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively in five persons with partial deletions or duplications of chromosome 13. The results showed that the locus of this enzyme is at band 13q14. Deletion of this same band in other subjects has been found previously to indicate a predisposition to the development of retinoblastoma, which was present in the four individuals in this study who had partial deletions of chromosome 13. Because of this close synteny, esterase D evaluation should aid in the diagnosis and genetic counseling of retinoblastoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sparkes, R S -- Sparkes, M C -- Wilson, M G -- Towner, J W -- Benedict, W -- Murphree, A L -- Yunis, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 May 30;208(4447):1042-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375916" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Esterases/*genetics ; Female ; Genes ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/enzymology/genetics ; Male ; Retinoblastoma/enzymology/*genetics
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  • 19
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    Directed deletion of a yeast transfer RNA intervening sequence (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Many eukaryotic genes contain intevening sequences, segments of DNA that interrupt the continuity of the gene. They are removed from RNA transcripts of the gene by a process known as splicing. The intervening sequence in a yeast tyrosine transfer RNA (tRNA Tyr) suppressor gene was deleted in order to test its role in the expression of the gene. The altered gene and its parent were introduced into yeast by transformation. Both genes exhibited suppressor function, showing that the intervening sequence is not absolutely essential for the expression of this gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wallace, R B -- Johnson, P F -- Tanaka, S -- Schold, M -- Itakura, K -- Abelson, J -- CA10984/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 26391/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 35658/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1396-400.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6997991" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Chromosome Deletion ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; Plasmids ; RNA, Fungal/*genetics ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Suppression, Genetic ; Tyrosine
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  • 20
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    Glutamine synthetase: assimilatory role in liver as related to urea retention in marine chondrichthyes (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-18
    Description: The levels of gluatmine synthetase specific activity in hepatic and renal tissue are higher in fish that are ureosmoregulators than in those that are not. Enzyme activities in the liver and kidney of 18 species of fish correlated directly with the ureosmoregulatory adaptation of each species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Webb, J T -- Brown, G W Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 18;208(4441):293-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6102799" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ammonia/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/enzymology ; Fishes/*metabolism ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase/*metabolism ; Kidney/enzymology ; Liver/enzymology ; Species Specificity ; Urea/*metabolism ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
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  • 21
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    Human immunoglobulin heavy chain genes map to a region of translocations in malignant B lymphocytes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kirsch, I R -- Morton, C C -- Nakahara, K -- Leder, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6801764" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Chromosome Mapping ; Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 22
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    Complete amino acid sequence of urotensin I, a hypotensive and corticotropin-releasing neuropeptide from Catostomus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Urotensin I, purified from extracts of the urophysis of a teleost fish (Catostomus commersoni), exhibits potent hypotensive activity (mammals and birds) and corticotropin-releasing activity (both fish and mammals). The primary structure of this 41-residue peptide was determined to be H-Asn-Asp-Asp-Pro-Pro-Ile-Ser-Ile-Asp-Leu-Thr-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Arg-Asn-Met-Ile-Glu - Met-Ala-Arg-Ile-Glu-Asn-Glu-Arg-Glu-Gln-Ala-Gly-Leu-Asn-Arg-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Glu -Val-NH2. Extraction with 0.1N HCl at 100 degrees C cleaves the amino-terminal tripeptide, yeilding a fully active analog, urotensin I(4-41). The amino acid sequence was confirmed by measuring the biological activity of synthetic urotensin I(4-41). Urotensin I exhibits a striking sequence homology with ovine corticotropin-releasing factor and with frog sauvagine. These three peptides exhibit similar activities in biological test systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lederis, K -- Letter, A -- McMaster, D -- Moore, G -- Schlesinger, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):162-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6981844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Fishes ; Peptides/*isolation & purification ; Species Specificity ; Urotensins/*isolation & purification
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    Repeated DNA still in search of a function (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):621-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283639" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Satellite/genetics ; *Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity
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  • 24
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    Identification of the constant chromosome regions involved in human hematologic malignant disease (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Specific consistent chromosome translocations are regularly observed in certain human leukemias and lymphomas. For the myeloid leukemias, the constant recombinants are: the long arm of 9 to chromosome 22 in chronic myeloid leukemia, the long arm of 21 to chromosome 8 in acute myeloblastic leukemia, and the long arm of 17 to chromosome 15 in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Three related translocations are seen in Burkitt lymphoma and B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia; in each one, chromosome 8 is involved with chromosome 2, 14, or 22. Analysis of a complex translocation affecting chromosomes 8 and 14 indicates that the translocation of chromosome 8 to chromosome 14 is the critical constant rearrangement. The analysis of the DNA at the translocation sites of these chromosomes, rather than the reciprocal of each translocation, appears to be the most productive focus for initial study. The various immunoglobulin loci are located in chromosomes 2, 14, and 22, the chromosomes regularly involved in translocations in Burkitt lymphoma and B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rowley, J D -- CA 16910/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 19266/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 25568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):749-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079737" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Genes ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Lymphoma/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 25
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    Somatic mutation in genes for the variable portion of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: The size of the gene pool potentially encoding antibodies to p-azophenyl arsonate has been examined. A heavy chain-specific full-length complementary DNA clone has been constructed with the use of messenger RNA from a hybridoma that produces antibodies to the arsonate hapten and bears nearly a full complement of the determinants comprising the cross-reactive idiotype (CRI). The sequences of both the complementary DNA clone and the corresponding immunoglobulin heavy chain have been independently determined. A probe for the variable region gene was prepared from the original heavy chain complementary DNA clone and used to analyze, by Southern filter hybridization, genomic DNA from both A/J (CRI positive) and BALB/c (CRI negative) mice. Approximately 20 to 25 restriction fragments containing "germline" variable region gene segments were detected in both strains, and many are shared by both, Since 35 CRI-positive heavy chains have been partially sequenced thus far and 31 are different, the results of the hybridization analysis suggest that somatic mutation events involving the variable region gene segments of the heavy chain play a role in the origin of the amino acid sequence diversity seen in this system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sims, J -- Rabbitts, T H -- Estess, P -- Slaughter, C -- Tucker, P W -- Capra, J D -- A112127/PHS HHS/ -- AI-06020/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI18016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):309-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6801765" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites, Antibody/*genetics ; Genes ; Haptens ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Mice ; *Mutation
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    A revolution in biology (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1319-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6251541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular/methods ; DNA Transposable Elements ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Drug Industry ; Eukaryotic Cells/physiology ; Forecasting ; Genes ; Immunoglobulins/genetics ; Molecular Biology/*trends ; Mutation ; Transformation, Genetic
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  • 27
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    Glutamine- and N-acetylglutamate-dependent carbamoyl phosphate synthetase in elasmobranchs (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-04-18
    Description: High levels of glutamine- and N-acetyl-L-glutamate-dependent carbamoyl phosphate synthetase activity are present in liver extracts of marine species of fish that retain high levels of urea in their tissues for the purpose of osmoregulation. The function of the synthetase in these species appears to be related to urea synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 18;208(4441):291-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6245445" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia)/*metabolism ; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing)/*metabolism ; Fishes/*metabolism ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Liver/enzymology ; Phosphotransferases/*metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Urea/metabolism
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  • 28
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    Disorders of human hemoglobin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-01
    Description: Studies of the human hemoglobin system have provided new insights into the regulation of expression of a group of linked human genes, the gamma-delta-beta-globin gene complex in man. In particular, the thalassemia syndromes and related disorders of man are inherited anemias that provide mutations for the study of the regulation of globin gene expression. New methods, including restriction enzyme analysis and cloning of cellular DNA, have made it feasible to define more precisely the structure and organization of the globin genes in cellular DNA. Deletions of specific globin gene fragments have already been found in certain of these disorders and have been applied in prenatal diagnosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bank, A -- Mears, J G -- Ramirez, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 1;207(4430):486-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Aberrations/genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Disorders ; Fetal Hemoglobin/genetics ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Globins/*genetics ; Hemoglobins/*biosynthesis ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal/*genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Thalassemia/*genetics
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  • 29
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    Tissue specificity of enzyme expression regulated by diffusible factors: evidence in Drosophila hybrids (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-29
    Description: Pairs of hybridizable species of Hawaiian picture-winged Drosophila differ qualitatively in the distributions of specific enzymes in their tissues. An examination of the patterns of enzyme expression in the hybrids showed that, in three instances, absence of an enzyme from a specific tissue was dominant to presence. Since other developmental features indicated that both parental genomes were functioning, these results suggest that, in these cases, the pattern differences in the parental species were due to diffusible factors that affected expression of the relevant structural genes rather than to differences in the genes themselves or in cis-acting regulatory sites.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickinson, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 29;207(4434):995-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352303" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/enzymology ; Alcohol Oxidoreductases/genetics ; Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/genetics ; Animals ; Drosophila/embryology/*enzymology/genetics ; Genes ; *Genes, Regulator ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Malpighian Tubules/enzymology ; Octanols ; Tissue Distribution
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    DNA gyrase and the supercoiling of DNA (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-02-29
    Description: Negative supercoiling of bacterial DNA by DNA gyrase influences all metabolic processes involving DNA and is essential for replication. Gyrase supercoils DNA by a mechanism called sign inversion, whereby a positive supercoil is directly inverted to a negative one by passing a DNA segment through a transient double-strand break. Reversal of this scheme relaxes DNA, and this mechanism also accounts for the ability of gyrase to catenate and uncatenate DNA rings. Each round of supercoiling is driven by a conformational change induced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding: ATP hydrolysis permits fresh cycles. The inhibition of gyrase by two classes of antimicrobials reflects its composition from two reversibly associated subunits. The A subunit is particularly associated with the concerted breakage-and-rejoining of DNA and the B subunit mediates energy transduction. Gyrase is a prototype for a growing class of prokaryotic and eukaryotic topoisomerases that interconvert complex forms by way of transient double-strand breaks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cozzarelli, N R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 29;207(4434):953-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6243420" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Animals ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I/metabolism ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Superhelical/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Eukaryotic Cells/enzymology ; Genes ; Macromolecular Substances ; Nalidixic Acid/pharmacology ; Novobiocin/pharmacology ; Oxolinic Acid/pharmacology ; Substrate Specificity ; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
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    Phase variation: evolution of a controlling element (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Phase variation in bacteria is regulated by homologous recombination at a specific DNA site. This recombinational event causes the inversion of a 970-base-pair DNA sequence that includes the promoter necessary for transcription of a flagellar gene. The invertible segment is flanked by two sites that are necessary for the inversion and contains a gene (hin) whose product mediates the inversion event. The hin gene shows extensive homology with the TnpR gene carried on the Tn3 transposon. It is also homologous with the gin gene carried on bacteriophage mu. These relationships suggest that the phase variation system may have evolved by the association of a transposon with a resident gene and the subsequent specialization of these elements to regulate flagellar antigen expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simon, M -- Zieg, J -- Silverman, M -- Mandel, G -- Doolittle, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1370-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6251543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Proteins/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Bacterial/genetics ; Flagellin/*genetics ; Genes ; Recombination, Genetic ; Salmonella/*genetics
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  • 32
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    Recombinant DNA revisited (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Singer, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1317.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Humans ; Molecular Biology/trends
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  • 33
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    Genetic variation in the human insulin gene (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Description: Four recombinant lambda phages containing nucleotide sequences complementary to a cloned human preproinsulin DNA probe have been isolated from human DNA. Restriction analyses in conjunction with Southern hybridizations reveal two types of gene sequences. One isolate of each type was subjected to complete nucleotide sequence determination. The sequences contain the entire preproinsulin messenger RNA region, two intervening sequence. 260 nucleotides upstream from the messenger RNA capping site, and 35 nucleotides beyond the polyadenylate attachment site. Our results strongly suggest that these two gene types are allelic variants of a single insulin gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ullrich, A -- Dull, T J -- Gray, A -- Brosius, J -- Sures, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 1;209(4456):612-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6248962" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Dna ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; *Genes ; Genetic Code ; *Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Insulin/*biosynthesis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Proinsulin/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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    Evidence of high natural radiation doses in certain mid-water oceanic organisms (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Concentrations of the naturally occurring radioactive nuclide polonium-210 were determined in mid-water crustaceans and fish from depths to 1500 meters. Unusually high levels were found in certain categories of organisms, indicating that these organisms were exposed to a particularly high natural radiation dose. The results have implications in terms of possible radiation effects, as a baseline against which artificial radioactive nuclides can be compared, and as a potential technique for studying the feeding behavior of mid-water organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cherry, R D -- Heyraud, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):54-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crustacea/*physiology ; Fishes/*physiology ; Lead/*analysis ; Polonium/*analysis ; Radiation Dosage ; Radioisotopes/*analysis ; Seawater ; Species Specificity
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    Chromosomal localization of the human homolog (c-sis) of the simian sarcoma virus onc gene (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Nonrandom chromosome rearrangements of chromosome 22 have been identified in different human malignancies. As a result of Southern blot hybridization of a c-sis probe to DNA's from mouse-human somatic cell hybrids, the human homolog (c-sis) of the transforming gene of simian sarcoma virus was assigned to chromosome 22. Hybrids between thymidine kinase-deficient mouse cells and human fibroblasts carrying a translocation of the region q11-qter of chromosome 22 to chromosome 17 were also analyzed. These studies demonstrate that the human c-sis gene is on region 22q11 greater than qter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalla-Favera, R -- Gallo, R C -- Giallongo, A -- Croce, C M -- CA-10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):686-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6291150" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Genes ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/*genetics
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    Molecular drive (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dover, G A -- Strachan, T -- Coen, E S -- Brown, S D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1069.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146894" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; DNA/*genetics ; Genes ; Humans
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Events in the evolution of pre-proinsulin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: An extensive computer-assisted analysis of known pre-proinsulin coding sequences has shown correlations that can be interpreted as evidence for an intron-mediated juxtaposition of exons in the evolution of these genes. The evidence includes the discovery that the regions of the pre-proinsulin genes that code for the signal peptide consist of nearly tandem repeating units of nine base pairs. This pattern reappears in the C region of the genes after a large intron that occurs in three of the four genes analyzed. A model is proposed in which primordial insulin was coded for by two separate minigenes arising from a gene duplication, each with identical or nearly identical signal peptide coding regions. The minigenes fused into one transcriptional unit mediated by the large intron, and the signal peptide coding region of one of the putative minigenes evolved into the latter portion of the C peptide coding region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Douthart, R J -- Norris, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):729-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100918" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Computers ; Cricetinae ; Disulfides ; Genes ; Humans ; Insulin ; Models, Genetic ; Proinsulin/*genetics ; Protein Precursors/*genetics ; Rats ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    Identification of a BALB/c H-2Ld gene by DNA-mediated gene transfer (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: Gene transfer and immunoselection were used in the identification of a BALB/c genomic clone containing an H-2Ld gene (clone 27.5). Transformation of thymidine kinase-negative C3H mouse L cells with the cloned 27.5 DNA together with the herpes simplex virus tk gene produced transformants expressing Ld molecules detected by radioimmune assay with monoclonal hybridoma antibodies to Ld antigens. The foreign Ld gene products expressed by cloned mouse L cell transformants were shown to be virtually indistinguishable from BALB/c spleen Ld molecules by two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of H-2Ld immunoprecipitates. These results indicate that the genomic clone 27.5 contains a functional BALB/c H-2Ld gene and demonstrate the usefulness of this approach for identifying the gene products encoded by cloned genes which are members of a multigene family. Furthermore, the ability to place cell-surface recognition molecules on the surfaces of foreign cells provides a powerful opportunity for functional analyses of these molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodenow, R S -- McMillan, M -- Orn, A -- Nicolson, M -- Davidson, N -- Frelinger, J A -- Hood, L -- CA 22662/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 26199/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 06965/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):677-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Genes ; H-2 Antigens/*genetics ; Isoelectric Point ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*genetics ; Transformation, Genetic
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    Interspecies variations in mammalian lens metabolites as detected by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-26
    Description: Multiple interspecies differences were detected between humans and seven other mammals in 15 of the 24 metabolites measured in the intact crystalline lens and lens perchloric acid extracts. Generally, the number of statistically significant metabolite differences among the various species, relative to the human, increase in the following order: cat or approximately dog greater than pig greater than rat greater than sheep greater than rabbit greater than cow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kopp, S J -- Glonek, T -- Greiner, J V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 26;215(4540):1622-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Animals ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Cats ; Choline/metabolism ; Dogs ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline/*metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Phosphocreatine/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 40
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    Differential breakdown of phylogenetically diverse ribosomal RNA's inserted via liposomes into mammalian cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Liposomes were used to deliver ribosomal RNA's from the different organisms into cultivated mouse plasmacytoma cells. Ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli was degraded intracellularly within 1 hour, whereas mouse and yeast ribosomal RNA's were degraded more slowly. This indicates that cells can discriminated between different ribosomal RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lavelle, D -- Ostro, M J -- Giacomoni, D -- GM 27935/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178157" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Escherichia coli ; Kinetics ; *Liposomes ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Plasmacytoma/*metabolism ; RNA, Bacterial/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Species Specificity
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    Molecular drive: how real, how important? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):552-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Genes ; *Genetics, Population
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    Rotational invariance in visual pattern recognition by pigeons and humans (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: Pigeons and humans chose which one of two alternative visual forms was identical to, or a mirror image of, a previously presented sample form. The two comparison forms were presented in various orientations with respect to the sample. The two species yielded similar accuracies, but although human reaction times depended linearly on the angular disparities, those of the pigeon did not. Humans appeared to apply a well-known, thoughtlike, mental rotation procedure to the problem, whereas pigeons seemed to rely on a more efficient automatic process that humans can use only in simpler rotational invariance tasks. Mirror-image forms may be better discriminated by the pigeon's visual system than by the human one.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hollard, V D -- Delius, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):804-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134976" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Columbidae ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Humans ; Rotation ; Species Specificity ; *Visual Perception
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    Gene scanning with block mutations (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):434-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Genes, Regulator ; *Mutation ; RNA, Messenger ; Simplexvirus/genetics ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Cloning the genes of the MHC (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):400-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cloning, Molecular/*methods ; Genes ; Humans ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice
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  • 45
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    Antigenic diversity in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: Monoclonal antibodies against blood forms of Plasmodium falciparum were used to demonstrate considerable antigenic diversity in this species. Different isolates were distinguished by their ability to react with certain antibodies, and most of the antibodies reacted specifically with merozoites, schizonts, or both. The distribution of different antigenic types appeared not to be related to geographic origin. Serological typing with monoclonal antibodies extends the range of methods for identification of different strains of this malaria parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McBride, J S -- Walliker, D -- Morgan, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):254-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens/*analysis ; Epitopes/*analysis ; Humans ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology/physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 46
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    Transcriptional control signals of a eukaryotic protein-coding gene (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: Transcriptional control signals of a model eukaryotic protein-coding gene have been identified by a new procedure of in vitro mutagenesis. This method allows small clusters of nucleotide residues to be substituted in a site-directed manner without causing the addition or deletion of other sequences. Transcription assays of a systematic series of these clustered point mutants have led to the identification of three distinct control signals located within the 105-nucleotide residues immediately upstream from the point where transcription begins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKnight, S L -- Kingsbury, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):316-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283634" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Genes, Regulator ; *Mutation ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Simplexvirus/genetics ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 47
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    DNA sequence of the gene encoding the E alpha Ia polypeptide of the BALB/c mouse (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: A 3.4-kilobase DNA fragment containing the gene coding for the E alpha chain of an Ia (I region-associated) antigen from the BALB/c mouse has been sequenced. It contains at least three exons, which correlate with the major structural domains of the E alpha chain-the two external domains alpha 1 and alpha 2, and the transmembrane-cytoplasmic domain. The coding sequence of the mouse E alpha gene shows striking homology to its counterpart at the DNA and protein levels. The translated alpha 2 exon demonstrates significant similarity to beta 2-microglobulin, to immunoglobulin constant region domains, and to certain domains of transplantation antigens. These observations and those of others suggest that the Ia antigen, transplantation antigen, and immunoglobulin gene families share a common ancestor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McNicholas, J -- Steinmetz, M -- Hunkapiller, T -- Jones, P -- Hood, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1229-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6815800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Genes ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*genetics ; beta 2-Microglobulin/genetics
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  • 48
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    DNA sequence of a gene encoding a BALB/c mouse Ld transplantation antigen (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: The sequence of a gene, denoted 27.5, encoding a transplantation antigen for the BALB/c mouse has been determined. Gene transfer studies and comparison of the translated sequence with the partial amino acid sequence of the Ld transplantation antigen establish that gene 27.5 encodes an Ld polypeptide. A comparison of the gene 27.5 sequence with several complementary DNA sequences suggests that the BALB/c mouse may contain a number of closely related L-like genes. Gene 27.5 has eight exons that correlate with the structural domains of the transplantation antigen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, K W -- Sher, B T -- Sun, Y H -- Eakle, K A -- Hood, L -- 1 T32 GM07616/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 06965/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):679-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular/methods ; Genes ; H-2 Antigens/*genetics ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*genetics ; Plasmids ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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  • 49
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    Expression of Treponema pallidum antigens in Escherichia coli (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-30
    Description: Treponema pallidum DNA was cloned in a bacteriophage. Clones were screened for expression of Treponema pallidum antigens by an in situ radioimmunoassay on nitrocellulose, with the use of subsequent reactions with syphilitic serum and radioiodinated Staphylococcus aureus protein A. One clone, which gave a strong signal, codes for at least seven antigens that react specifically with human antibodies to Treponema pallidum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walfield, A M -- Hanff, P A -- Lovett, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 30;216(4545):522-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7041257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Surface/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular/*methods ; Coliphages/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Treponema pallidum/*immunology
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  • 50
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    Herpes simplex virus type-1 glycoprotein D gene: nucleotide sequence and expression in Escherichia coli (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: The protein coding region of the herpes simplex virus type-1 glycoprotein D (gD) gene was mapped, and the nucleotide sequence was determined. The predicted amino acid sequence of the gD polypeptide was found to contain a number of features in common with other virus glycoproteins. Insertion of this protein coding region into a bacterial expressor plasmid enabled synthesis in Escherichia coli of an immunoreactive gD-related polypeptide. The potential of this system for preparation of a type-common herpes simplex virus vaccine is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, R J -- Weis, J H -- Salstrom, J S -- Enquist, L W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):381-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289440" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Genes, Viral ; Glycoproteins/*genetics ; Peptides/genetics ; Protein Sorting Signals ; Simplexvirus/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/*genetics/immunology ; Viral Vaccines
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    Human T cell antigen expression by primate T cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haynes, B F -- Dowell, D L -- Hensley, L L -- Gore, I -- Metzgar, R S -- CA08975/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA11265/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA28936/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):298-300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6171885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Surface/*analysis ; Biological Evolution ; Epitopes ; Humans ; Primates/*immunology ; Species Specificity ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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    Genetic transformation of Drosophila with transposable element vectors (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Exogenous DNA sequences were introduced into the Drosophila germ line. A rosy transposon (ry1), constructed by inserting a chromosomal DNA fragment containing the wild-type rosy gene into a P transposable element, transformed germ line cells in 20 to 50 percent of the injected rosy mutant embryos. Transformants contained one or two copies of chromosomally integrated, intact ry1 that were stably inherited in subsequent generations. These transformed flies had wild-type eye color indicating that the visible genetic defect in the host strain could be fully and permanently corrected by the transferred gene. To demonstrate the generality of this approach, a DNA segment that does not confer a recognizable phenotype on recipients was also transferred into germ line chromosomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubin, G M -- Spradling, A C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):348-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289436" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; Drosophila/embryology/*genetics ; Genes ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmids ; *Transformation, Genetic ; Xanthine Dehydrogenase/genetics
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    Human beta-globin gene sequences injected into mouse eggs, retained in adults, and transmitted to progeny (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-10
    Description: Foreign gene sequences were retained in two adult mice (out of 62 analyzed) from fertilized eggs injected with a recombinant plasmid containing the human beta-globin genomic region and the herpes simplex viral thymidine kinase gene. The intact human and viral genes were found in DNA of one of the animals and, in the other, at least part of the human globin gene was present. The latter individual transmitted these sequences to its progeny in a Mendelian ration. Thus, human DNA may be incorporated into the germ line of mice for in vivo studies of regulation of gene expression in development, genetic diseases, and malignancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steward, T A -- Wagner, E F -- Mintz, B -- CA-60927/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD-01646/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-05539/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 10;217(4564):1046-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6287575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; Genes ; Genes, Viral ; Germ Cells ; Globins/*genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Microinjections ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Simplexvirus/enzymology ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics ; Zygote
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    Transposition of cloned P elements into Drosophila germ line chromosomes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Recombinant DNA carrying the 3-kilobase transposable element was injected into Drosophila embryos of a strain that lacked such elements. Under optimum conditions, half of the surviving embryos showed evidence of P element-induced mutations in a fraction of their progeny. Direct analysis of the DNA of strains derived from such flies showed them to contain from one to five intact 3-kilobase P elements located at a wide variety of chromosomal sites. DNA sequences located outside the P element on the injected DNA were not transferred. Thus P elements can efficiently and selectively transpose from extrachromosomal DNA to the DNA of germ line chromosomes in Drosophila embryos. These observations provide the basis for efficient DNA-mediated gene transfer in Drosophila.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spradling, A C -- Rubin, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):341-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Male ; *Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Recombination, Genetic
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    A brain heater in the swordfish (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: The brain and eye of swordfish are warmer than the water. Associated with one of the eye muscles is a tissue that heats the brain. This brain heater is rich in mitochondria and cytochrome c and is supplied with blood through a vascular heat exchanger. It protects the central nervous system from rapid cooling during daily vertical excursions which may take the swordfish through a wide temperature range.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carey, F G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1327-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079766" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acclimatization ; Adipose Tissue/physiology ; Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Brain/*physiology ; Fishes/*physiology ; Hot Temperature ; Organ Specificity ; Retina/physiology ; Species Specificity
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    The molecules that initiate cardiac hypertrophy are not species-specific (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-30
    Description: Extracts from hypertrophying dog hearts perfused through isolated rat hearts increase the synthesis of messenger RNA and initiate hypertrophy in the treated hearts. Total RNA extracted from experimental and control hearts was translated in vitro and hybridized with polyuridylate. Synthesis of protein and polyadenylate-containing RNA was greater in rat hearts perfused with extracts of hypertrophying dog hearts than in control hearts. The results demonstrate that molecules from hypertrophying dog hearts are not species-specific since they are effective in stimulating transcription of messenger RNA in rat hearts as well as in dog hearts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammond, G L -- Lai, Y K -- Markert, C L -- HL 25699-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 30;216(4545):529-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6461921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cardiomegaly ; Dogs ; Muscle Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Species Specificity ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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    The human genes for S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase and adenosine deaminase are syntenic on chromosome 20 (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Human-Chinese hamster cell hybrids and a monoclonal antibody to human S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase were used to identify chromosome 20 as the location of the human gene for this enzyme. The gene for adenosine deaminase had previously been mapped to this chromosome. The activity of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase is dependent in vivo on that of adenosine deaminase, since the substrates for the deaminase, adenosine and deoxyadenosine, respectively, inhibit and inactivate S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase in genetic or drug-induced adenosine deaminase deficiency. This functional dependence and the likelihood that S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, a eukaryotic enzyme, arose later than adenosine deaminase, which occurs in prokaryotes as well as eukaryotes, suggest that the occurrence of their genes on the same chromosome may have evolutionary significance. In addition, the unusual capacity of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase to form stable complexes with adenosine and its cofactor, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, suggest that evolution of its gene may have involved recombination of a portion of the adenosine deaminase gene with an adenine nucleotide domain-coding sequence of another preexisting gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hershfield, M S -- Francke, U -- AM 00424/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 20902/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 26105/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):739-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Deaminase/*genetics ; Adenosylhomocysteinase ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Biological Evolution ; *Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Hydrolases/*genetics/immunology ; Nucleoside Deaminases/*genetics
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    Monkey and human pictorial memory scanning (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: A rhesus monkey accurately recognized pictures in a Sternberg memory scanning experiment. When the monkey was tested with pictures that were reused during the same session, the monkey's performance was nearly identical to that of a human subject; this result demonstrates the monkeys are capable of some of the short-term retrieval mechanisms of humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sands, S F -- Wright, A A -- EY-01256/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MH35202/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1333-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079768" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors ; *Visual Perception
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    Genetic mapping in mammals: chromosome map of domestic cat (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: A genetic map of 31 biochemical loci located on 17 feline syntenic (linkage) groups has been derived by somatic cell genetic analysis of cat-rodent hybrids. Most of these syntenic groups have been assigned to one of the 19 feline chromosomes. Comparative linkage analysis of the feline biochemical loci and homologous human loci revealed considerable conservation of linkage associations between the primates and the Felidae (order Carnivora). Many of these same linkage groups have not been conserved in the murine genome. The genetic and evolutionary implications of comparative mapping analysis among mammalian species are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Brien, S J -- Nash, W G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):257-65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Cats/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes/*ultrastructure ; Enzymes/genetics ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Hybrid Cells/physiology ; Mice
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    Clustering of leukocyte and fibroblast interferon genes of human chromosome 9 (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: At least ten leukocyte interferon genes and the single known fibroblast interferon gene have been localized on the pter leads to q12 region of human chromosome 9. Gene mapping was accomplished by blot hybridization of cloned interferon complementary DNA to DNA from human-mouse cell hybrids with a translocation involving human chromosome 9. Supporting evidence suggests these genes are clustered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shows, T B -- Sakaguchi, A Y -- Naylor, S L -- Goedell, D V -- Lawn, R M -- GM 20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD 05196/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):373-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6181564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Interferons/*genetics
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    Identification of mosquitoes of Anopheles gambiae species complex A and B by analysis of cuticular components (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-03-07
    Description: Two important vectors of malaria in Africa, Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae), often occur sympatrically and cannot be distinguished morphologically. A chemical method was developed to identify individual laboratory-reared adult males or females of either species by extraction and analysis of cuticular components with gas chromatography. Statistically significant differences were seen between species when selected pairs of peaks were compared.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlson, D A -- Service, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 7;207(4435):1089-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7355276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/analysis/*classification ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Lipids/analysis ; Male ; Paraffin/analysis ; Sex Factors ; Skin/analysis ; Species Specificity
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    Therapy of spontaneous metastases by intravenous injection of liposomes containing lymphokines (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-06-27
    Description: Mice of two different strains were injected subcutaneously with spontaneously metastasizing syngeneic melanomas. After 4 to 6 weeks, the local tumors were removed and, 3 days after surgery, treatment of the metastases was initiated. The treatment consisted of intravenous injections of liposomes containing lymphokines or control supernatant fluids. Liposomes were injected twice weekly for 3 weeks, and the mice were killed 2 weeks later. Seventy-three percent of the mice injected with liposomes containing lymphokines were free of metastases, whereas only 10 percent of the mice treated with control liposomes were tumor-free. These experiments suggest that this form of therapy may provide a valuable addition to the more conventional approaches to the eradication of cancer metastases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fidler, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 27;208(4451):1469-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Liposomes/*therapeutic use ; Lymphokines/*therapeutic use ; Melanoma/*drug therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Species Specificity
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    Strain dependence of the antiproliferative action of interferon on murine erythroid precursors (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: Electrophoretically pure mouse interferon inhibits erythropoietin-dependent proliferation of committed erythroid precursors (CFU-E) obtained either from adult mouse bone marrow or from 14-day fetal mouse livers. The degree of inhibition is significantly influenced by the genotype of the cell donor; about ten times as much interferon is required to inhibit proliferation of CFU-E from C57BL/6 than is needed for comparable inhibition of CFU-E from BALB/c or Swiss mice. These strain-dependent results point to the existence of genes that influence the degree of the inhibitory effect of interferon on cell multiplication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallien-Lartigue, O -- Carrez, D -- De Maeyer, E -- De Maeyer-Guignard, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):292-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6155700" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow/drug effects/*physiology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Erythropoiesis/*drug effects ; Female ; Interferons/*pharmacology ; Liver/drug effects/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Species Specificity
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    Human gene treatment stirs new debate (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- Wade, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct;210(4468):407.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6933693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Genes ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Globins/genetics ; Humans ; Thalassemia/genetics/*therapy ; Thymidine Kinase/genetics
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    Interferon congress highlights (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-11-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Nov 28;210(4473):998.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6159687" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents ; Congresses as Topic ; DNA, Recombinant ; Genes ; Humans ; *Interferons/genetics/therapeutic use
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    Genetics and the origin of a vector population: Aedes aegypti, a case study (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-06-20
    Description: Thirty-four population samples representing the worldwide distribution of the mosquito Aedes aegypti were analyzed for variation at 19 to 22 enzyme-coding genes. A multivariate discriminant analysis revealed that the genetic differences among populations in six geographic regions and between two subspecies enable one to determine the regional origin of a population. Such studies of population genetics may have quite general applicability in studying vector-borne diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Powell, J R -- Tabachnick, W J -- Arnold, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jun 20;208(4450):1385-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7375945" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aedes/*genetics ; Alleles ; Animals ; Enzymes/genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Insect Vectors/*genetics ; Species Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    At least three human type alpha interferons: structure of alpha 2 (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: The sequence of a human leukocyte-derived complementary DNA (cDNA), Hif-2h, which directs the formation in Escherichia coli of a polypeptide, IFN-alpha 1, with interferon (IFN) activity has been described. A second IFN cDNA, Hif-SN206, which also elicits synthesis of a biologically active IFN, IFN-alpha 2, is described in this article. Whereas IFN-alpha 2 is twice as active on human as on bovine cells, IFN-alpha 1 is 10 to 20 times more active on bovine than on human cells. As deduced from the cDNA's, the messenger RNA's for the two IFN's differ in length and in 20 percent of the nucleotides; the mature IFN polypeptides differ in 17 percent of the amino acids. Both IFN-alpha 1 and IFN-alpha 2 differ from the lymphoblastoid IFN described by others. Therefore, at least three different IFN-alpha genes are expressed in man; studies on genomic DNA reveal the presence of at least eight IFN-related genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Streuli, M -- Nagata, S -- Weissmann, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1343-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6158094" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; *Interferons/genetics ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Steps toward computer analysis of nucleotide sequences (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Advances in recombinant DNA technology have allowed the isolation of large numbers of biologically interesting fragments of DNA. Concomitant improvements in methods for nucleic acid sequencing have led many investigators to characterize their clones by sequencing them. This has resulted in the accumulation of such large amounts of sequence data that computer-assisted methods, with programs directed toward the manipulation of nucleic acid sequences, have become indispensable during the collection and analysis of that data.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gingeras, T R -- Roberts, R J -- 1R01-CA27275-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 13106/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1322-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6251542" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Autoanalysis ; *Base Sequence ; *Computers ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Viral ; Genes ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; *Nucleic Acids ; RNA, Transfer/genetics ; Substrate Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 69
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    Dexamethasone fails to suppress beta-endorphin plasma concentrations in humans and rhesus monkeys (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-15
    Description: In humans and rhesus monkeys, dexamethasone decreased concentrations of plasma cortisol but did not alter circulating beta-endorphin immunoreactivity. Contrary to current theory suggesting that pituitary beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropic hormone are controlled by identical regulatory mechanisms for synthesis and release, our evidence suggests that in higher primates the established glucocorticoid feedback mechanism for the adrenocorticotropic hormone-cortisol system does not regulate beta-endorphin secretion in the same way.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalin, N H -- Risch, S C -- Cohen, R M -- Insel, T -- Murphy, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Aug 15;209(4458):827-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6250217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/secretion ; Adult ; Animals ; Dexamethasone/*pharmacology ; Endorphins/*blood/secretion ; Feedback ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/secretion ; Protein Precursors/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Stress, Physiological/blood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 70
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    Control of the rhesus monkey menstrual cycle: permissive role of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-03-21
    Description: In rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions (which appear to abolish the endogenous production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone), normal ovulatory mestrual cycles were reestablished by an unvarying, long-term replacement regimen consisting of one intravenous pulse of synthetic gonadotropic-releasing hormone per hour. This finding is in accord with the hypothesis that the pattern of pituitary gonadotropin secretion throughout the menstrual cycle (basal secretion interrupted, once every 28 days on the average, by a preovulatory surge) is not directed by alterations in hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion but by the ebb and flow of ovarian estrogens acting directly on the pituitary gland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knobil, E -- Plant, T M -- Wildt, L -- Belchetz, P E -- Marshall, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Mar 21;207(4437):1371-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6766566" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; *Menstruation/drug effects ; Pituitary Gland/physiology ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Thalassemias: models of genetic diseases (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct 17;210(4467):300-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7423190" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Deletion ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Globins/*genetics ; Humans ; Models, Genetic ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Thalassemia/blood/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 72
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    Mouse globin system: a functional and evolutionary analysis (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-09-19
    Description: Structural and functional analysis of the mouse alpha-globin and beta-globin genes reveals that the globin genes are encoded in discontinous bits of coding information and that each gene locus is much more complex than was originally supposed. Each seems to consist of an array of several authentic genes as well as several apparently inactive pseudogenes. Comparison of the sequences of some of these genes to one another indicates that chromosomal DNA is a dynamic structure. Flanking and intervening sequences change in two ways: quickly, by duplication and extensive insertions and deletions, and slowly, by point mutation. Active coding sequences are usually limited to the slower mode of evolution. In addition to identifying fast and slow modes of evolution, it has also been possible to test the function of several signals that surround these genes and to identify those that appear to play a role in gene expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leder, P -- Hansen, J N -- Konkel, D -- Leder, A -- Nishioka, Y -- Talkington, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1336-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7414319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Biological Evolution ; Genes ; Globins/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 73
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    Survival of Escherichia coli host-vector systems in the mammalian intestine (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-18
    Description: Survival in the mouse and human intestine of Escherichia coli host-vector systems used and proposed for recombinant DNA technology was assessed. There was no detectable survival of severely disabled E. coli K12 strain X1776 in mice or in human subjects 24 hours after ingestion. The same strain bearing the plasmid pBR322, however, was recovered from human subjects for 4 days in amounts of six organisms for every million ingested. Nondisabled E. coli K12 strain X1666, with or without pBR322, survived in 10(4)-fold greater numbers and for 2 days longer, with better recovery of the plasmid-containing derivative. Although the plasmid-bearing strains were recovered for longer periods, no intestinal colonization was noted. Despite the presence of pBR322 for a maximum of 6 days in the human intestine, there was no evidence that it was transferred from either bacterial host to endogenous aerobic fecal bacteria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, S B -- Marshall, B -- Rowse-Eagle, D -- Onderdonk, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 18;209(4454):391-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6992276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/*physiology ; Humans ; Intestines/*microbiology ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Species Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 74
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    Lactate dehydrogenases of Atlantic hagfish: physiological and evolutionary implications of a primitive heart isozyme (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-02-15
    Description: Isozymes of lactate dehydrogenase from heart and muscle of Atlantic hagfish show less functional divergence than those from other fishes and higher vertebrates. The enzyme from hagfish heart (B4) displays a higher Michaelis constant for pyruvate and lower substrate inhibition at moderate pyruvate concentrations than heart isozymes from other species. These properties support the hypothesis that the ancestral vertebrate lactate dehydrogenase was a muscle (A4)-type enzyme and also suggest a role for the B4 enzyme in the unusual physiology of hagfish cardiac tissue which functions under sustained hypoxic conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sidell, B D -- Beland, K F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):769-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7352286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Energy Metabolism ; Fishes/genetics/*physiology ; Genes ; Isoenzymes ; Kinetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/*genetics/metabolism ; Muscles/*enzymology ; Myocardium/enzymology ; Pyruvates/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 75
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    Mammoth albumin (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: Serum albumin was detected immunologically in muscle from a mammoth that died about 40,000 years ago. Rabbits injected with ground mammoth muscle produced antibodies that react strongly with elephant albumin, weakly with sea cow albumin, and still more weakly or not at all with other mammalian albumins. Since elephant albumin elicited antibodies with the same specificity, some of the surviving mammoth albumin molecules evidently have antigenic sites identical to those on native elephant albumin. Much of the mammoth albumin has, however, undergone postmortem change. The small amount of soluble albumin extractable from mammoth muscle is heterogeneous in size, charge, and antigenic properties.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prager, E M -- Wilson, A C -- Lowenstein, J M -- Sarich, V M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):287-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6155699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Elephants/*blood ; Epitopes ; *Fossils ; History, Ancient ; Immunodiffusion ; Muscles/*analysis ; *Paleontology ; Rabbits/immunology ; Serum Albumin/*analysis/immunology ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Bone cancer from radium: canine dose response explains data for mice and humans (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1980-04-04
    Description: Analysis of lifetime studies of 243 beagles with skeletal burdens of radium-226 shows that the distribution of bone cancers clusters about a linear function of the logarithms of radiation dose rate to the skeleton and time from exposure until death. Similar relations displaced by species-dependent response ratios also provide satisfactory descriptions of the reported data on deaths from primary bone cancers in people and mice exposed to radium-226. The median cumulative doses (or times) leading to death from bone tumors are 2.9 times larger for dogs than for mice and 3.6 times larger for people than for dogs. These response ratios are well correlated with the normal life expectancies. The cumulative radiation dose required to give significant risk of bone cancer is found to be much less at lower dose rates than at higher rates, but the time required for the tumors to be manifested is longer. At low dose rates, this time exceeds the normal life-span and appears as a practical threshold, which for bone cancer is estimated to occur at an average cumulative radiation dose to the skeleton of about 50 to 110 rads for the three species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raabe, O G -- Book, S A -- Parks, N J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Apr 4;208(4439):61-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7361106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Neoplasms/*etiology/mortality ; *Disease Models, Animal ; *Dogs ; *Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; Radium/*adverse effects ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 77
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    Energy requirement for nitrogen fixation in actinorhizal and legume root nodules (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-07-11
    Description: The ratio of respiration to nitrogenase activity was measured in five species of actinorhizal root nodules and eight species of legume nodules. The two types of nodules could not be distinguished on the basis of this ratio; this evidence thus indicates that the energy cost of nitrogen fixation is similar for both.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tjepkema, J D -- Winship, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jul 11;209(4453):279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7384801" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actinomycetales/metabolism ; Kinetics ; *Nitrogen Fixation ; Plants/*metabolism ; Rhizobium/metabolism ; Species Specificity
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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