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  • Artikel  (131)
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  • 1
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    Nutrition report and the Academy (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-20
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1324-6, 1410.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Humans ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Nutritional Requirements ; *Societies, Scientific ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Research costs (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1142, 1144.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; Universities/economics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    A new HTLV-III/LAV encoded antigen detected by antibodies from AIDS patients (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-15
    Beschreibung: A newly identified protein from HTLV-III/LAV, the virus implicated as the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, was studied. This protein, which has a molecular weight of 27,000 (p27), was shown by amino acid sequencing to have a coding origin 3' to the env gene on the HTLV-III genome. The presence of antibodies to p27 in virus-exposed individuals indicated that this gene is functional in the natural host.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allan, J S -- Coligan, J E -- Lee, T H -- McLane, M F -- Kanki, P J -- Groopman, J E -- Essex, M -- 2T32-CA09031/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA23885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA37466/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):810-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2997921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/microbiology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Viral/*immunology ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics/*immunology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Haplorhini/microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Major glycoprotein antigens that induce antibodies in AIDS patients are encoded by HTLV-III (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-31
    Beschreibung: Antibodies from the serum of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with the AIDS-related complex and from the serum of seropositive healthy homosexuals, recognize two major glycoproteins in cells infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV III). These glycoproteins, gp160 and gp120, are encoded by the 2.5-kilobase open reading frame located in the 3' end of the HTLV-III genome, as determined by amino terminus sequence analysis of the radiolabeled forms of these proteins. It is hypothesized that gp160 and gp120 represent the major species of virus-encoded envelope gene products for HTLV-III.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allan, J S -- Coligan, J E -- Barin, F -- McLane, M F -- Sodroski, J G -- Rosen, C A -- Haseltine, W A -- Lee, T H -- Essex, M -- 2T32-CA09031/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 13885/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 37466/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1091-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/genetics/*immunology ; Base Sequence ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Genes, Viral ; Glycoproteins/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Tunicamycin/pharmacology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium vivax: gene cloning and characterization of the immunodominant epitope (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-15
    Beschreibung: The gene encoding the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax has been cloned. The deduced sequence of the protein consists of 373 amino acids with a central region of 19 tandem repeats of the nonapeptide Asp-Arg-Ala-Asp/Ala-Gly-Gln-Pro-Ala-Gly. A synthetic 18-amino acid peptide containing two tandem repeats binds to a monoclonal antibody directed to the CS protein of Plasmodium vivax and inhibits the interaction of this antibody with the native protein in sporozoite extracts. The portions of the CS gene that do not contain repeats are closely related to the corresponding regions of the CS genes of two simian malarias, Plasmodium cynomolgi and Plasmodium knowlesi. In contrast, the homology between the CS genes of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, another malaria parasite of humans, is very limited.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arnot, D E -- Barnwell, J W -- Tam, J P -- Nussenzweig, V -- Nussenzweig, R S -- Enea, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):815-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2414847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics/immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Epitopes/*genetics/immunology ; Haplorhini/parasitology ; Humans ; Malaria/parasitology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Plasmodium vivax/*genetics/immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Trans-activator gene of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-07-05
    Beschreibung: Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) encodes a trans-acting factor that activates the expression of genes linked to the HTLV-III long terminal repeat. By functional mapping of complementary DNA transcripts of viral messenger RNA's the major functional domain of the gene encoding this factor was localized to a region immediately before the env gene of the virus, a region previously thought to be noncoding. This newly identified gene consists of three exons, and its transcription into messenger RNA involves two splicing events bringing together sequences from the 5' part (287 base pairs), middle (268 base pairs), and 3'part (1258 base pairs) of the HTLV-III genome. A similar messenger RNA with a truncated second exon (70 base pairs) does not encode a trans-acting function. It is proposed that this second messenger RNA is the transcript of a gene (3'-orf) located after the env gene. Messenger RNA's were also identified for the env and gag-pol genes of HTLV-III.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arya, S K -- Guo, C -- Josephs, S F -- Wong-Staal, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):69-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Regulator ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription Factors/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Immunogenicity of synthetic peptides from circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-24
    Beschreibung: In a study of recombinant proteins that might be useful in developing a vaccine against malaria, synthetic peptides from the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum were found to be immunogenic for mice and rabbits. Antibody to peptides from the repeating region of the CS protein recognized native CS protein and blocked sporozoite invasion of human hepatoma cells in vitro. Antibodies to peptides from regions I and II had no biologic activity, although antibody to region I recognized processed CS protein by Western blot analysis. These data support the feasibility of developing a vaccine against the sporozoite stage of the malaria parasite by using synthetic peptides of the repeating region of the CS protein conjugated to a carrier protein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ballou, W R -- Rothbard, J -- Wirtz, R A -- Gordon, D M -- Williams, J S -- Gore, R W -- Schneider, I -- Hollingdale, M R -- Beaudoin, R L -- Maloy, W L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):996-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies/immunology ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line ; Cross Reactions ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Liver Neoplasms ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Mice ; Peptides/chemical synthesis/*immunology ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology/physiology ; Precipitin Tests ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Rabbits ; Vaccines/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    New university-industry pact signed (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnes, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1255-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Drug Industry ; Italy ; *Neurobiology ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Biosynthesis and secretion of proatrial natriuretic factor by cultured rat cardiocytes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-06
    Beschreibung: Rat atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is translated as a 152-amino acid precursor preproANF. PreproANF is converted to the 126-amino acid proANF, the storage form of ANF in the atria. ANF isolated from the blood is approximately 25 amino acids long. It is demonstrated here that rat cardiocytes in culture store and secrete proANF. Incubation of proANF with serum produced a smaller ANF peptide. PreproANF seems to be processed to proANF in the atria, and proANF appears to be released into the blood, where it is converted by a protease to a smaller peptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloch, K D -- Scott, J A -- Zisfein, J B -- Fallon, J T -- Margolies, M N -- Seidman, C E -- Matsueda, G R -- Homcy, C J -- Graham, R M -- Seidman, J G -- 1R23CA33570/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL07208/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL26215/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1168-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2933808" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*biosynthesis/genetics/secretion ; Autoradiography ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Heart/physiology ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Myocardium/*cytology/metabolism ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis/genetics/secretion ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits/immunology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Animal welfare legislation (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-06
    Beschreibung: In the article "Rates of elementary reactions: Measurement and applications" by F. Kaufman (25 Oct., p. 393), the equation in column 2 on page 394 should have read: [See formula in Source Pdf.]〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, G E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1106.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Animal Experimentation ; *Animal Welfare ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; *Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; *Legislation, Medical ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 11
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    A new class of endogenous human retroviral genomes (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-07
    Beschreibung: Human DNA contains multiple copies of a novel class of endogenous retroviral genomes. Analysis of a human recombinant DNA clone (HLM-2) containing one such proviral genome revealed that it is a mosaic of retroviral-related sequences with the organization and length of known endogenous retroviral genomes. The HLM-2 long terminal repeat hybridized with the long terminal repeat of the squirrel monkey virus, a type D retrovirus. The HLM-2 gag and pol genes share extensive nucleotide sequence homology with those of the M432 retrovirus (a type A-related retrovirus), mouse mammary tumor virus (a type B retrovirus), and the avian Rous sarcoma virus (a type C retrovirus). Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed regions in the HLM-2 pol gene that were as much as 70 percent identical to the mouse mammary tumor virus pol gene. A portion of the putative HLM-2 env gene hybridized with the corresponding region of the M432 viral genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Callahan, R -- Chiu, I M -- Wong, J F -- Tronick, S R -- Roe, B A -- Aaronson, S A -- Schlom, J -- GM30400/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1208-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408338" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Gene Products, gag ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/genetics ; Retroviridae/classification/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 12
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    OMB directive will cost NIH loss of 1500 grants (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-02-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):498.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3966158" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 13
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    The epidemiology of AIDS: current status and future prospects (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-27
    Beschreibung: The reported incidence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) continues to increase in countries throughout the world. On the basis of a polynomial model for extrapolation, the cumulative number of cases diagnosed and reported since 1981 in the United States is expected to double during the next year with over 12,000 additional cases projected to be diagnosed by July 1986. The annual incidence rates for single (never-married) men in Manhattan and San Francisco, intravenous drug users in New York City and New Jersey, and persons with hemophilia A ranged from 261 to 350 per 100,000 population during 1984. For single men aged 25 to 44 years in Manhattan and San Francisco, AIDS was the leading cause of premature mortality in 1984 as measured by years of potential life lost. Infection with HTLV-III/LAV is considerably more common than reported AIDS in high-risk populations and can persist at least for several years, so the presence of specific antibody should be considered presumptive evidence of current infection. The screening of donated blood and plasma for antibody to HTLV-III/LAV and use of safer clotting factor concentrates should greatly reduce HTLV-III/LAV transmission through blood and blood products. Most HTLV-III/LAV infections occur through sexual transmission, use of contaminated needles, and as a result of infected mothers passing the virus to newborns. Continued research commitment is needed to develop an HTLV-III/LAV vaccine and therapy for this infection. In the interim, widespread community efforts are needed to minimize transmission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Curran, J W -- Morgan, W M -- Hardy, A M -- Jaffe, H W -- Darrow, W W -- Dowdle, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1352-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency ; Syndrome/complications/*epidemiology/microbiology/mortality/prevention & ; control/transmission ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Blood Donors ; California ; Child ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Female ; Hemophilia A/complications ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; New York City ; Pregnancy ; Retroviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Risk ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/complications ; Substance-Related Disorders/complications ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 14
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    Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by a synthetic peptide homologous to retroviral envelope proteins (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-25
    Beschreibung: The retroviral transmembrane envelope protein p15E is immunosuppressive in that it inhibits immune responses of lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. A region of p15E has been conserved among murine and feline retroviruses; a homologous region is also found in the transmembrane envelope proteins of the human retroviruses HTLV-I and HTLV-II and in a putative envelope protein encoded by an endogenous C-type human retroviral DNA. A peptide (CKS-17) was synthesized to correspond to this region of homology and was examined for its effects on lymphocyte proliferation. CKS-17 inhibited the proliferation of an interleukin-2-dependent murine cytotoxic T-cell line as well as alloantigen-stimulated proliferation of murine and human lymphocytes. Four other peptides, representing different regions of virus proteins, were inactive. These results suggest that the immunosuppressive portion of retroviral transmembrane envelope proteins may reside, at least in part, in a-conserved sequence represented by the CKS-17 peptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cianciolo, G J -- Copeland, T D -- Oroszlan, S -- Snyderman, R -- P01-CA29589-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R23-CA34671-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):453-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996136" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia Virus, Feline/genetics ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/genetics ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Lymphocytes/drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Spleen/cytology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics/*pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 15
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    Amino acid homology between the encephalitogenic site of myelin basic protein and virus: mechanism for autoimmunity (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-29
    Beschreibung: Amino acid sequence homology was found between viral and host encephalitogenic protein. Immune responses were then generated in rabbits by using the viral peptide that cross-reacts with the self protein. Mononuclear cell infiltration was observed in the central nervous systems of animals immunized with the viral peptide. Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a host protein whose encephalitogenic site of ten amino acids induces experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. By computer analysis, hepatitis B virus polymerase (HBVP) was found to share six consecutive amino acids with the encephalitogenic site of rabbit MBP. Rabbits given injections of a selected eight- or ten-amino acid peptide from HBVP made antibody that reacted with the predetermined sequences of HBVP and also with native MBP. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the immunized rabbits proliferated when incubated with either MBP or HBVP. Central nervous system tissue taken from these rabbits had a histologic picture reminiscent of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Thus, viral infection may trigger the production of antibodies and mononuclear cells that cross-react with self proteins by a mechanism termed molecular mimicry. Tissue injury from the resultant autoallergic event can take place in the absence of the infectious virus that initiated the immune response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fujinami, R S -- Oldstone, M B -- AG-04342/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AI-07007/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- NS-12428/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1043-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2414848" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Autoimmune Diseases/immunology ; Cross Reactions ; *DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/immunology ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology/*microbiology ; Hepatitis B virus/analysis/*immunology ; *Myelin Basic Protein/immunology ; *Viral Proteins/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 16
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    Broader commitment laws sought (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1253-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Commitment of Mentally Ill ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/*therapy ; *Mentally Ill Persons ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 17
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    NIH to award 2200 new grants (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-06
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 6;229(4717):947.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic/economics ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 18
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    "Right-to-life" scores new victory at AID (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1065-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4035346" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Body Temperature ; Cervix Mucus ; Disclosure ; *Family Planning Services ; Federal Government ; Female ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Internationality ; Male ; Natural Family Planning Methods ; Ovulation ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; pressure, has decided to permit grants to natural family planning groups that do ; not adhere to long-standing AID policy that clients be provided with information ; on all methods of contraception. This step is at odds with domestic and United ; Nations policy, and it violates the medical ethic that a patient should be ; informed of all medically approved options. A brief review of the current state ; of U.S. family planning policy and the controversy surrounding it concludes with ; Holden's observation that the issue is likely to be further politicized.
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 19
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    New biotech review board planned (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-08-23
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):736-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3860953" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Advisory Committees ; *Federal Government ; Genetic Engineering/*standards ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration ; regulate developments in genetic engineering, have influenced the field through ; the review activities of their Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC). Recent ; challenges to RAC's prestige and authority have emerged from within the ; Department of Health and Human Services. A proposed Biotechnology Science Board, ; under the Assistant Secretary for Health, would exercise broad authority over ; biotechnology research, including clinical trials of human gene therapy. Food and ; Drug Administration officials have also expressed a strong interest in reviewing ; these research protocols, which NIH considered within its purview. As a result of ; this political maneuvering, publication of NIH's revised gene therapy guidelines ; has been delayed, and RAC may find itself functioning solely as an in-house ; advisory body to NIH.
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 20
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    NIMH to reorganize extramural research (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-07-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 26;229(4711):362, 367.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990049" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.)/organization & administration ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services ; Administration/organization & administration
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 21
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    Deal struck on NIH grants (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):970.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 22
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    NIH bills moving through Congress (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-07-05
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012309" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Legislation as Topic ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 23
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    NIH role in biotechnology debated (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-07-12
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 12;229(4709):147-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012315" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research ; Research Support as Topic ; *Technology ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 24
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    Gene therapy guidelines revised (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-03
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):561-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856951" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenosine Deaminase/deficiency ; Advisory Committees ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Dogs ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Federal Government ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; Mice ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States ; Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC), has revised its draft guidelines, ; published in the 22 January 1985 Federal Register, for researchers submitting ; protocols for human gene therapy experiments. The major revisions in the "Points ; to Consider" are the elimination of a required response in the protocol to ; complex social and ethical questions and a greater flexibility in requirements ; for animal testing prior to human experimentation. Other modifications include ; provisions for public review of protocols, a requirement of patient agreement to ; long term follow-up and autopsy, and the limiting of review to only somatic cell ; therapy for the present. The stages of protocol review will involve local ethics ; and biosafety committees, then the Working Group, the full RAC, and finally the ; director of NIH.
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 25
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    AIDS trends: projections from limited data (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1018, 1020-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059918" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis/*epidemiology/transmission ; Forecasting ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 26
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    AIDS therapy: new push for clinical trials (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-20
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1355-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology/*therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 27
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    AIDS virology: a battle on many fronts (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norman, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):518-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2413546" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis/*microbiology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Antigens, Viral/analysis/immunology ; Cell Line ; Cross Reactions ; Culture Techniques/methods ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology/*isolation & purification ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases/microbiology ; Microscopy, Electron ; Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/analysis ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Terminology as Topic ; United States ; Viral Core Proteins/immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 28
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    The academy kills a nutrition report (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 25;230(4724):420-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048941" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Humans ; National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Nutritional Requirements ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 29
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    USDA may be asked to police animal research (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):789.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animal Care Committees ; *Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; Dogs ; Federal Government ; *Government Agencies ; *Government Regulation ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Primates ; Research ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 30
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    Diversity of circumsporozoite antigen genes from two strains of the malarial parasite Plasmodium knowlesi (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-08-23
    Beschreibung: The complete nucleotide sequence of the coding region of the circumsporozoite antigen gene (CS gene) of the Nuri strain of the malarial parasite Plasmodium knowlesi is presented. The gene from the Nuri strain exhibits a novel form of sequence diversity when compared to the CS gene from the H strain. Instead of the 12 tandem repeating 36-base pair units of the H strain, the Nuri strain contains 16 tandem repeating 27-base pair units of a different nucleotide sequence that encodes a different repeating peptide. In contrast, the 5' and 3' coding and noncoding sequences flanking the repeats are 98 percent conserved in both strains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sharma, S -- Svec, P -- Mitchell, G H -- Godson, G N -- 1 R01 AI21496-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):779-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023712" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan/*genetics ; Antigens, Surface/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plasmodium/*genetics/immunology ; Protozoan Proteins/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 31
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    Sequence of the immunodominant epitope for the surface protein on sporozoites of Plasmodium vivax (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-20
    Beschreibung: Plasmodium vivax is one of the four malaria parasites that cause disease in humans. The structure of the immunodominant repeating peptide of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of P. vivax was determined. A fragment of P. vivax DNA that encodes this tandemly repeating epitope was isolated by use of an oligonucleotide probe whose sequence is thought to be conserved in CS protein genes. DNA sequence analysis of the P. vivax clone indicates that the CS repeat is nine amino acids in length (Gly-Asp-Arg-Ala-Asp-Gly-Gln-Pro-Ala). The structure of the repeating region was confirmed with synthetic peptides and monoclonal antibodies directed against P. vivax sporozoites. This information should allow synthesis of a vaccine for P. vivax that is similar to the one being tested for P. falciparum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCutchan, T F -- Lal, A A -- de la Cruz, V F -- Miller, L H -- Maloy, W L -- Charoenvit, Y -- Beaudoin, R L -- Guerry, P -- Wistar, R Jr -- Hoffman, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1381-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2416057" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Epitopes/*genetics ; *Genes ; Plasmodium vivax/*immunology ; Species Specificity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 32
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    Court hears suit on biowarfare laboratory (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-17
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):827-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Biological Warfare ; Containment of Biohazards ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Ecology ; Federal Government ; Government ; Government Regulation ; Hazardous Substances ; Jurisprudence ; *Public Policy ; Social Control, Formal ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 33
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    Heart panel's conclusions (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-02-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinberg, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 8;227(4687):582.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3969549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cholesterol/*blood ; Cholesterol, Dietary/adverse effects ; Coronary Disease/*etiology/prevention & control ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 34
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    Cassette of eight exons shared by genes for LDL receptor and EGF precursor (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-17
    Beschreibung: The amino acid sequences of the human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and the human precursor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) show 33 percent identity over a stretch of 400 residues. This region of homologous is encoded by eight contiguous exons in each respective gene. Of the nine introns that separate these exons, five are located in identical positions in the two protein sequences. This finding suggests that the homologous region may have resulted from a duplication of an ancestral gene and that the two genes evolved further by recruitment of exons from other genes, which provided the specific functional domains of the LDL receptor and the EGF precursor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sudhof, T C -- Russell, D W -- Goldstein, J L -- Brown, M S -- Sanchez-Pescador, R -- Bell, G I -- HL 01287/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 31346/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):893-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3873704" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; *Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Cloning, Molecular ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; Receptors, LDL/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 35
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    The LDL receptor gene: a mosaic of exons shared with different proteins (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-17
    Beschreibung: The multifunctional nature of coated pit receptors predicts that these proteins will contain multiple domains. To establish the genetic basis for these domains (LDL) receptor. This gene is more than 45 kilobases in length and contains 18 exons, most of which correlate with functional domains previously defined at the protein level. Thirteen of the 18 exons encode protein sequences that are homologous to sequences in other proteins: five of these exons encode a sequence similar to one in the C9 component of complement; three exons encode a sequence similar to a repeat sequence in the precursor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and in three proteins of the blood clotting system (factor IX, factor X, and protein C); and five other exons encode nonrepeated sequences that are shared only with the EGF precursor. The LDL receptor appears to be a mosaic protein built up of exons shared with different proteins, and it therefore belongs to several supergene families.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4450672/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4450672/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sudhof, T C -- Goldstein, J L -- Brown, M S -- Russell, D W -- HL 01287/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 20948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL 31346/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL020948/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):815-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; *Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Complement C9/genetics ; Dna ; Endonucleases ; Epidermal Growth Factor/genetics ; Factor IX/genetics ; Factor X/genetics ; *Genes ; Glycoproteins/genetics ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/genetics ; Molecular Weight ; Protein C ; Protein Precursors ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Receptors, LDL/*genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Single-Strand Specific DNA and RNA Endonucleases ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 36
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    New momentum for drug export bill (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-22
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 22;230(4728):926.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Drug Industry ; *Legislation, Drug ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 37
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    Ownership of cells raises sticky issues (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):789.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Biomedical Research ; *Cell Line ; *Human Body ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; Male ; Patents as Topic ; *Patient Rights ; *Tissue and Organ Procurement ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 38
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    Food dyes fuel debate over Delaney (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-08-23
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):739-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Food Coloring Agents/*standards ; Humans ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 39
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    Administration divided over OECD biotech plan (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-08-30
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Marjorie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 30;229(4716):842-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643793" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Biomedical Research ; Containment of Biohazards ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Ecology ; Europe ; Federal Government ; Government ; *Government Regulation ; Hazardous Substances ; *Industry ; *International Cooperation ; *Internationality ; Japan ; *Public Policy ; Research ; *Social Control, Formal ; United States ; and Development (OECD)--which includes the United States, most of its European ; allies, and Japan--have been discussing how to set up international guidelines to ; regulate the emerging biotechnology industry. A May 1985 first draft of the ; guidelines spawned many objections, and now a revised draft, called "Safety and ; Regulations in Biotechnology," has encountered mixed responses from U.S. federal ; agencies. The Environmental Protection Agency generally supports the document, ; but the State Department, Food and Drug Administration, and Department of ; Agriculture have significant objections to its tone and substance, particularly ; in regard to the specificity of safety controls over the commercial development ; of recombinant DNA organisms used in large-scale production and for agricultural ; purposes.
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 40
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    Gene therapy guidelines approved (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):302.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3863254" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Advisory Committees ; DNA, Recombinant/*therapeutic use ; Federal Government ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 41
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    Generic Valiums clear another hurdle at FDA (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-07-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 26;229(4711):369.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012323" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Diazepam ; Humans ; Therapeutic Equivalency ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 42
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    Generics, Roche joust for Valium market (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-04-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 26;228(4698):472-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3983636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Diazepam/*supply & distribution ; *Drug Industry ; Therapeutic Equivalency ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 43
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    Rifkin and NIH win in court ruling (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-03-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 15;227(4692):1321.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856320" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Advisory Committees ; Federal Government ; *Genetic Engineering ; *Government Regulation ; Jurisprudence ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; the District of Columbia ruled that experiments involving the release of ; genetically altered organisms into the environment can proceed, provided that ; their potential ecological effects have been properly evaluated. The ruling has ; been hailed as a victory by both the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and ; Jeremy Rifkin. Rifkin brought suit against NIH in 1983, charging that the agency ; had failed to evaluate adequately the environmental impact of some deliberate ; release experiments. Sun discusses the implications of the judge's ruling. She ; also describes a move by private companies to submit their recombinant DNA ; experiment proposals to the Environmental Protection Agency rather than to NIH, ; which has regulatory authority only over academic researchers.
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 44
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    The vexing problems of vaccine compensation (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-03-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1012-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975597" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Child ; *Compensation and Redress ; Federal Government ; Humans ; *Legislation, Medical ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; *Vaccines/adverse effects ; children who are injured by vaccines administered as part of the public health ; campaign against childhood diseases. Blaming increased liability costs, several ; drug companies have stopped production of essential vaccines, raising fears of ; shortages. Proposals that the federal government sponsor a compensation system ; have met with approval from parents of injured children, medical associations, ; and drug companies, although these groups disagree over whether victims should ; retain the right to sue the vaccine manufacturers as an alternative to receiving ; federal compensation. Legislation has been introduced in both houses of Congress ; to establish a compensation program, but Administration opposition is expected to ; the potential expense and the broad range of coverage.
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 45
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    Agency scraps plan to limit ethylene oxide (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-01-25
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):392-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3966156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Ethylene Oxide/adverse effects ; Humans ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Time Factors ; United States ; United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 46
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    Young plans management reforms at FDA (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-01-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 18;227(4684):277-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3880921" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): History, 20th Century ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration/*organization & administration
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 47
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    New directions for the IOM. Interview by Gina Kolata (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thier, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):524.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048945" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; *National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) ; *Organizations ; Physicians ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 48
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    HTLV x-gene product: requirement for the env methionine initiation codon (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-28
    Beschreibung: The human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV) are replication-competent retroviruses whose genomes contain gag, pol, and env genes as well as a fourth gene, termed x, which is believed to be the transforming gene of HTLV. The product of the x gene is now shown to be encoded by a 2.1-kilobase messenger RNA derived by splicing of at least two introns. By means of S1 nuclease mapping of this RNA and nucleic acid sequence analysis of a complementary DNA clone, the complete primary structure of the x-gene product has been determined. It is encoded by sequences containing the env initiation codon and one nucleotide of the next codon spliced to the major open reading frame of the HTLV-I and HTLV-II x gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wachsman, W -- Golde, D W -- Temple, P A -- Orr, E C -- Clark, S C -- Chen, I S -- CA 30388/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 32737/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 38597/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1534-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990032" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Codon ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Methionine/*genetics ; Rats ; Viral Proteins/*analysis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 49
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    A model for fibrinogen: domains and sequence (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-20
    Beschreibung: Electron microscopy of rotary-shadowed fibrinogen demonstrates that the molecules modified for crystallization by limited cleavage with a bacterial protease retain the major features of the native structure. This evidence, together with image processing and x-ray analysis of the crystals and of fibrin, has been used to develop a three-dimensional low resolution model for the molecule. The data indicate that the two large end domains of the molecule would be composed of the carboxyl-terminus of the B beta chain (proximal) and gamma chain (distal), respectively; the carboxyl-terminus of the A alpha chain would fold back to form an additional central domain. On this basis, the carboxyl-terminal region of each of the three chains of fibrinogen is folded independently into a globular domain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisel, J W -- Stauffacher, C V -- Bullitt, E -- Cohen, C -- AM17346/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM07596-07/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL30954/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1388-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Computers ; Fibrinogen/*metabolism ; Microscopy, Electron ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 50
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    Human immunoglobulin D: genomic sequence of the delta heavy chain (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-10
    Beschreibung: The DNA coding for the human immunoglobulin D(IgD) heavy chain (delta, delta) has been sequenced including the membrane and secreted termini. Human delta, like that of the mouse, has a separate exon for the carboxyl terminus of the secreted form. This feature of human and mouse IgD distinguishes it from all other immunoglobulins regardless of species or class. The human gene is different from that of the mouse; it has three, rather than two, constant region domains; and its lengthy hinge is encoded by two exons rather than one. Except for the third constant region, the human and mouse genes are only distantly related.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉White, M B -- Shen, A L -- Word, C J -- Tucker, P W -- Blattner, F R -- AI18016/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA31013-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):733-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3922054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin D/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin delta-Chains/*genetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Species Specificity
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Human GM-CSF: molecular cloning of the complementary DNA and purification of the natural and recombinant proteins (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-17
    Beschreibung: Clones of complementary DNA encoding the human lymphokine known as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were isolated by means of a mammalian cell (monkey COS cell) expression screening system. One of these clones was used to produce recombinant GM-CSF in mammalian cells. The recombinant hematopoietin was similar to the natural product that was purified to apparent homogeneity from medium conditioned by a human T-cell line. The human T-cell GM-CSF was found to be 60 percent homologous with the GM-CSF recently cloned from murine lung messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong, G G -- Witek, J S -- Temple, P A -- Wilkens, K M -- Leary, A C -- Luxenberg, D P -- Jones, S S -- Brown, E L -- Kay, R M -- Orr, E C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):810-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3923623" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/biosynthesis/*genetics/isolation & purification ; *Dna ; DNA, Recombinant ; *Granulocytes ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; *Macrophages ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; T-Lymphocytes ; Transfection
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 52
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    Who runs NIH? (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-03-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 29;227(4694):1562-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975626" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Legislation, Medical ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organization & administration ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 53
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    OMB raid on NIH budget called "outrageous" (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-03-01
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1016-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Budgets/legislation & jurisprudence ; Legislation, Medical ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 54
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    Biotechnology in pharmaceuticals: the Japanese challenge (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-20
    Beschreibung: The products of biotechnology are being developed for new diagnostics and therapeutics, and it is predicted that they will have great impact on the pharmaceutical industry. In the United States, pharmaceutical companies are incorporating biotechnology into their research and development programs, often with the contractual assistance of small biotechnology firms. Their strongest competition is arising in Japan, where there are now concerted government and industry efforts to expand biotechnology capabilities and to optimize commercialization. Strategies used by the United States and Japan to incorporate biotechnology into their pharmaceutical industries are examined and compared.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dibner, M D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1230-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3898361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Drug Industry/economics ; Economic Competition ; Japan ; Technology, Pharmaceutical/economics/methods/*trends ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 55
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    Alignment of rat cardionatrin sequences with the preprocardionatrin sequence from complementary DNA (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-04-19
    Beschreibung: Mammalian atria contain peptides that promote the excretion of salt and water from the kidney. When rat atrial tissue is extracted under conditions known to inhibit proteolysis, four natriuretic peptides, cardionatrins I to IV, are consistently isolated. These peptides derive from a common precursor, preprocardionatrin, of 152 amino acids, whose sequence was determined by DNA sequencing of a complementary DNA clone. Amino acid sequencing located the start points of cardionatrins I, III, and IV in the overall sequence. Cardionatrin IV most closely resembles procardionatrin because it begins immediately after the signal sequence at residue 25. Cardionatrin III begins at residue 73, and cardionatrin I, sequenced previously, begins at residue 123. Compositional analysis indicated that each of these cardionatrins extends up to tyrosine at position 150 but lacks the terminal two arginine residues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flynn, T G -- Davies, P L -- Kennedy, B P -- de Bold, M L -- de Bold, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):323-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3157217" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Base Sequence ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; DNA/*genetics ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics/isolation & purification ; *Peptide Fragments ; Protein Precursors/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Rats
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 56
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    Mutation to herbicide resistance maps within the psbA gene of Anacystis nidulans R2 (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-13
    Beschreibung: A psbA gene encoding the target of photosystem II herbicide inhibition, the 32,000-dalton thylakoid membrane protein, has been cloned from a mutant of Anacystis nidulans R2, which is resistant to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea-(diuron). A cloned DNA fragment from within the coding region of this gene transforms wild-type cells to herbicide resistance, proving that mutation within psbA is responsible for that phenotype. The mutation consists of a single nucleotide change that replaces serine at position 264 of the wild-type protein with alanine in that of the diuron-resistant mutant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Golden, S S -- Haselkorn, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1104-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3929379" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cyanobacteria/*genetics ; Diuron ; Drug Resistance ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; *Herbicides ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Weight ; *Mutation ; Phenotype
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 57
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    NIH study (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-02-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoagland, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 15;227(4688):704.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3969560" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/organization & administration ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 58
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    HHS halts animal experiment (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-08-02
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 2;229(4712):447-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Animal Experimentation ; Animal Husbandry/methods ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; *Craniocerebral Trauma ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Papio ; Pennsylvania ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 59
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    Reagan vetoes NIH bill; override is likely (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-29
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4059919" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 60
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    ADAMHA funding pressed (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-01-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):147-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3966149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Humans ; *Mental Disorders ; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; *Substance-Related Disorders ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 61
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    Violence seen as public health issue (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 13;230(4731):1257.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Humans ; Public Health ; United States ; Violence/*physiopathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 62
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    IOM presents more nuclear war data (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, Constance -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 11;230(4722):156.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643807" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Hazardous Substances ; Humans ; Institute of Medicine (U.S.) ; Morbidity ; Mortality ; *Nuclear Warfare ; Public Policy ; *Social Change ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 63
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    Three-dimensional structure of poliovirus at 2.9 A resolution (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-27
    Beschreibung: The three-dimensional structure of poliovirus has been determined at 2.9 A resolution by x-ray crystallographic methods. Each of the three major capsid proteins (VP1, VP2, and VP3) contains a "core" consisting of an eight-stranded antiparallel beta barrel with two flanking helices. The arrangement of beta strands and helices is structurally similar and topologically identical to the folding pattern of the capsid proteins of several icosahedral plant viruses. In each of the major capsid proteins, the "connecting loops" and NH2- and COOH-terminal extensions are structurally dissimilar. The packing of the subunit "cores" to form the virion shell is reminiscent of the packing in the T = 3 plant viruses, but is significantly different in detail. Differences in the orientations of the subunits cause dissimilar contacts at protein-protein interfaces, and are also responsible for two major surface features of the poliovirion: prominent peaks at the fivefold and threefold axes of the particle. The positions and interactions of the NH2- and COOH-terminal strands of the capsid proteins have important implications for virion assembly. Several of the "connecting loops" and COOH-terminal strands form prominent radial projections which are the antigenic sites of the virion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hogle, J M -- Chow, M -- Filman, D J -- AI-20566/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-22346/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- NS-07078/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI020566/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1358-65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Capsid/physiology ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; HeLa Cells/microbiology ; Mutation ; Poliovirus/physiology/*ultrastructure ; Protein Conformation ; Virus Replication ; X-Ray Diffraction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 64
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    An omnifarious data bank for biology? (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1412-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Information Systems ; *Models, Biological ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    HHS revises rules on animal research (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-17
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):830.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001924" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animal Care Committees ; *Animal Experimentation ; *Animal Testing Alternatives ; Animals ; *Animals, Laboratory ; Behavioral Research ; Biomedical Research ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; *Research ; United States ; United States Public Health Service
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 66
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    Getting health promotion into Medicare (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-03-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1183.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3883486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Health Promotion/*legislation & jurisprudence ; Medicare/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 67
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    The generative grammar of the immune system (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jerne, N K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1057-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4035345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies/analysis ; Humans ; *Immune System ; Lymphocytes/physiology ; Mice
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 68
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    Partial primary structure of the alpha and beta chains of human tumor T-cell receptors (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-01-18
    Beschreibung: The T-cell receptor for antigen (Ti) was purified from the human tumor cell line HPB-ALL. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of an acid-cleaved peptide of the Ti alpha chain showed that it is highly homologous to a putative murine alpha chain recently described. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of the Ti beta chain revealed that it shares 50 percent homology with the Ti beta chain amino acid sequences from two other human T-cell tumors. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a complementary DNA clone encoding the Ti beta chain from the HPB-MLT cell line showed that this chain represents a second human constant region gene segment and suggested that it arises from direct joining of the variable and joining gene segments without any intervening D region sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, N -- Leiden, J -- Dialynas, D -- Fraser, J -- Clabby, M -- Kishimoto, T -- Strominger, J L -- Andrews, D -- Lane, W -- Woody, J -- 5 R01 AI15669/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI10736/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Y001CP00502/CP/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 18;227(4684):311-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3871253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/immunology ; Lymphoma/immunology ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 69
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    Structure of the GDP domain of EF-Tu and location of the amino acids homologous to ras oncogene proteins (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-04
    Beschreibung: A 2.7 angstrom resolution x-ray diffraction analysis of a trypsin-modified form of the Escherichia coli elongation factor Tu reveals that the GDP-binding domain has a structure similar to that of other nucleotide-binding proteins. The GDP ligand is located at the COOH-terminal end of the beta sheet and is linked to the protein via a Mg2+ ion salt bridge. The location of the guanine ring is unusual; the purine ring is located on the outer edge of the domain, not deep within a hydrophobic pocket. The amino acids from Pro10 to Arg44 and from Gly59 to Glu190 have been assigned to the electron density with computer graphic techniques, and the resulting model is consistent with all known biochemical data. An analysis of the structure reveals that four regions of the amino acid sequence that are homologous with the family of ras oncogene proteins, termed p21, are located in the vicinity of the GDP-binding site, and most of the invariant amino acids shared by the proteins interact directly with the GDP ligand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jurnak, F -- GM 26895/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):32-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3898365" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acids/*analysis ; Binding Sites ; Chemistry, Physical ; Computers ; Escherichia coli ; Fourier Analysis ; Guanine Nucleotides/*analysis ; Guanosine Diphosphate/*analysis ; Magnesium/metabolism ; *Oncogenes ; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu ; Peptide Elongation Factors/*analysis ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Protein Conformation ; Trypsin/metabolism ; X-Ray Diffraction
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 70
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    Human dioxin-inducible cytochrome P1-450: complementary DNA and amino acid sequence (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-04-05
    Beschreibung: Induction of cytochrome P1-450 has been linked to susceptibility to certain chemically induced cancers in mouse and man. Treatment of the human cell line MCF-7 with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) results in high levels of aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (P1-450) activity. This cell line was used to isolate a human P1-450 full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) clone. The cDNA is 2566 nucleotides in length, encodes a polyadenylated messenger RNA (2.8 kilobases in length), and has a continuous reading frame producing a protein with 512 residues (molecular weight, 58,151). The human P1-450 cDNA and protein are 63 percent and 80 percent similar to mouse P1-450 cDNA and protein, respectively. Whereas the mouse TCDD-inducible P-450 gene subfamily has two members (P1-450 and P3-450), the human TCDD-inducible gene subfamily appears to have only one gene (P1-450).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaiswal, A K -- Gonzalez, F J -- Nebert, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):80-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3838385" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carcinogens/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*genetics ; DNA/*genetics ; Dioxins/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Induction ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rabbits ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/*pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 71
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    AIDS repository (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-07-05
    Beschreibung: In the article "Spotlight falls on science policy" (News and Comment, 10 May, p. 691) by Mark H. Crawford, the findings of a General Accounting Office report on the operating costs of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) were overstated. The report found that the Department of Energy's operating costs would rise by $80 million if both CEBAF and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider are constructed. CEBAF's operating cost is estimated to be $30 million. The report also found problems in accommodating the operating costs of the proposed Superconducting Super Collider in the department's budget.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaslow, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 5;229(4708):8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; *Homosexuality ; Humans ; Male ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 72
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    Molecular cloning of a complementary DNA encoding human macrophage-specific colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-18
    Beschreibung: Complementary DNA (cDNA) clones encoding human macrophage-specific specific colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) were isolated. One cDNA clone codes for a mature polypeptide of 224 amino acids and a putative leader of 32 amino acids. This cDNA, which was cloned in the Okayama-Berg expression vector, specifies the synthesis of biologically active CSF-1 in COS cells, as determined by a specific radioreceptor assay, macrophage bone marrow colony formation, and antibody neutralization. Most of the cDNA isolates contain part of an intron sequence that changes the reading frame, resulting in an abrupt termination of translation; these cDNA's were inactive in COS cells. The CSF-1 appears to be encoded by a single-copy gene, but its expression results in the synthesis of several messenger RNA species, ranging in size from about 1.5 to 4.5 kilobases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kawasaki, E S -- Ladner, M B -- Wang, A M -- Van Arsdell, J -- Warren, M K -- Coyne, M Y -- Schweickart, V L -- Lee, M T -- Wilson, K J -- Boosman, A -- C32551/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):291-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*genetics ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genes ; Humans ; Macrophages/*metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 73
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    Government policies and the cost of doing research (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-02-01
    Beschreibung: The changes in the political economy of science are the natural outcome of two trends: science itself has become a more capital-intensive activity at the same time that federal support for research programs has slowed its growth. The results of the accumulating shortfall in the capital base for university research--increased seeking of support from private industry, efforts to circumvent peer review and competitive allocation, and a falling-out between institutions and investigators over how to divide up available resources--threaten to unravel what has been an extraordinary way of doing science.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):480-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3966157" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Academies and Institutes ; Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Peer Review ; Politics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; Universities
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 74
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    Amplification of a novel v-erbB-related gene in a human mammary carcinoma (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-06
    Beschreibung: The cellular gene encoding the receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) has considerable homology to the oncogene of avian erythroblastosis virus. In a human mammary carcinoma, a DNA sequence was identified that is related to v-erbB but amplified in a manner that appeared to distinguish it from the gene for the EGF receptor. Molecular cloning of this DNA segment and nucleotide sequence analysis revealed the presence of two putative exons in a DNA segment whose predicted amino acid sequence was closely related to, but different from, the corresponding sequence of the erbB/EGF receptor. Moreover, this DNA segment identified a 5-kilobase transcript distinct from the transcripts of the EGF receptor gene. Thus, a new member of the tyrosine kinase proto-oncogene family has been identified on the basis of its amplification in a human mammary carcinoma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, C R -- Kraus, M H -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 6;229(4717):974-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2992089" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Female ; *Gene Amplification ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; *Oncogenes ; Protein Kinases/*genetics ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 75
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    Human apolipoprotein B: structure of carboxyl-terminal domains, sites of gene expression, and chromosomal localization (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-04
    Beschreibung: Apolipoprotein (apo-) B is the ligand responsible for the receptor-mediated catabolism of low density lipoproteins, the principal cholesterol-transporting lipoproteins in plasma. The primary structure of the carboxyl-terminal 30 percent (1455 amino acids) of human apo-B (apo-B100) has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of complementary DNA. Portions of the protein structure that may relate to its receptor binding function and lipid binding properties have been identified. The apo-B100 messenger RNA is about 19 kilobases in length. The apo-B100 gene is expressed primarily in liver and, to a lesser extent, in small intestine, but in no other tissues. The gene for apo-B100 is located in the p24 region (near the tip of the short arm) of chromosome 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knott, T J -- Rall, S C Jr -- Innerarity, T L -- Jacobson, S F -- Urdea, M S -- Levy-Wilson, B -- Powell, L M -- Pease, R J -- Eddy, R -- Nakai, H -- GM 20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HO 05196/HO/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 4;230(4721):37-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994225" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Apolipoprotein B-100 ; Apolipoproteins B/analysis/*genetics ; Apolipoproteins E/analysis ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 1-3 ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Intestine, Small/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Receptors, LDL/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 76
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    Dispute over access to Reye's study data (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-10-18
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):297-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aspirin/*adverse effects ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Child ; Federal Government ; Humans ; *Jurisprudence ; Research ; Reye Syndrome/*chemically induced ; *Technology, Pharmaceutical ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 77
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    Breast cancer consensus (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-27
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1378.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3898364" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology/therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects ; Tamoxifen/therapeutic use ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 78
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    How do proteins find mitochondria? (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-28
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1517-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012306" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Enzyme Precursors/metabolism ; Mitochondria/*metabolism ; Mitochondria, Liver/enzymology ; Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase/metabolism ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Protein Sorting Signals ; Proteins/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 79
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    Surgeons disagree on artificial heart (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):786-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3904000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Heart Transplantation ; *Heart, Artificial ; Humans ; Patient Selection ; Resource Allocation ; *Risk Assessment ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 80
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    Is the war on cancer being won? (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-08-09
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):543-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4023699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Humans ; Neoplasms/diagnosis/mortality/*prevention & control ; Research ; Statistics as Topic ; Time Factors ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 81
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    Testing for trichinosis (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-02-08
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 8;227(4687):621, 624.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3969551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; *Meat ; Swine ; Trichinella ; Trichinellosis/*prevention & control ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 82
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    Heart panel's conclusions questioned (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-01-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):40-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3880617" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Cholesterol/*blood ; Cholesterol, Dietary/adverse effects ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Coronary Disease/etiology/*prevention & control ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 83
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    NIH budget and better health (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-21
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1382.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3839316" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Health ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 84
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    Modest proposals for the granting system (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-07-19
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):231.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 85
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    Benefits, risks, vaccines, and the courts (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-03-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 15;227(4692):1289.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975614" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Child ; *Compensation and Redress ; Federal Government ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Legislation, Medical ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; *Vaccines/adverse effects
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 86
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    Enhanced immunogenicity of the pre-S region of hepatitis B surface antigen (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-07
    Beschreibung: The 55 codons upstream of the gene sequence encoding the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are called the pre-S(2) region. It has been proposed that polypeptides of high molecular weight that contain the pre-S(2) region should be included in future hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines. The pre-S(2) region and the S gene product [25 kilodalton (kD)] together compose a polypeptide of high molecular weight (33 kD). As an initial attempt to determine the relevance of the 33-kD polypeptide to development of an HBV vaccine, the murine immune response to pre-S(2)-encoded determinants as compared to S-encoded determinants on the same polypeptide was examined. The results indicate (i) the pre-S(2) region is significantly more immunogenic than the S region of HBsAg, (ii) the 26 amino acid residues at the NH2-terminus of the 33-kD polypeptide represent a dominant antibody binding site on the pre-S(2) region, (iii) the immune response to the pre-S(2) region is regulated by H-2-linked genes distinct from those that regulate the response to the S region, and (iv) immunization of an S region nonresponder strain with HBV envelope particles that contain both the pre-S(2) and S regions can circumvent nonresponsiveness to the S region.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Milich, D R -- Thornton, G B -- Neurath, A R -- Kent, S B -- Michel, M L -- Tiollais, P -- Chisari, F V -- AI 00585/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 20001/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 20720/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1195-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Antibody Specificity ; Epitopes ; Genes, MHC Class II ; Genes, Viral ; Hepatitis B Antibodies/immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/genetics/*immunology ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Precursors/genetics/immunology ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/*immunology ; Viral Proteins/genetics/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 87
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    Sequence of the alpha subunit of photoreceptor G protein: homologies between transducin, ras, and elongation factors (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-04-05
    Beschreibung: A bovine retinal complementary DNA clone encoding the alpha subunit of transducin (T alpha) was isolated with the use of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides as probes, and the complete nucleotide sequence of the insert was determined. THe predicted protein sequence of 354 amino acids includes the known sequences of four tryptic peptides and sequences adjacent to the residues that undergo adenosine diphosphate ribosylation by cholera toxin and pertussis toxin. On the basis of homologies to other proteins, such as the elongation factors of protein synthesis and the ras oncogene proteins, regions are identified that are predicted to be acylated and involved in guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis. Amino acid sequence similarity between T alpha and ras is confined to these regions of the molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lochrie, M A -- Hurley, J B -- Simon, M I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):96-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856323" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bacterial Toxins/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cholera Toxin/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; *Oncogenes ; Peptide Elongation Factors/*genetics ; Pertussis Toxin ; Transducin ; Virulence Factors, Bordetella
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 88
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    GAO find errors in A-bomb test data (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-12-20
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1361.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4071056" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Humans ; Japan ; *Military Personnel ; *Nuclear Warfare ; Radiation Injuries/*etiology ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 89
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    Nucleotide sequence and expression of an AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV-2) (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-02-01
    Beschreibung: The nucleotide sequence of molecular clones of DNA from a retrovirus, ARV-2, associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was determined. Proviral DNA of ARV-2 (9737 base pairs) has long terminal repeat structures (636 base pairs) and long open reading frames encoding gag (506 codons), pol (1003 codons), and env (863 codons) genes. Two additional open reading frames were identified. Significant amino acid homology with several other retroviruses was noted in the predicted product of gag and pol, but ARV-2 was as closely related to murine and avian retroviruses as it was to human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV-I and HTLV-II). By means of an SV-40 vector in transfected simian cells, the cloned gag and env genes of ARV-2 were shown to express viral proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanchez-Pescador, R -- Power, M D -- Barr, P J -- Steimer, K S -- Stempien, M M -- Brown-Shimer, S L -- Gee, W W -- Renard, A -- Randolph, A -- Levy, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):484-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2578227" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Codon ; DNA, Viral/*genetics ; Deltaretrovirus/genetics ; Gene Products, gag ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/biosynthesis/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Viral Envelope Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 90
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    The stability of DNA in human cerebellar neurons (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-24
    Beschreibung: Human tissues have carbon-isotope ratios (13C/12C) that reflect dietary ratios. This observation has been used to determine the extent of metabolic turnover of DNA in cells of the adult human cerebellum (90 percent of which are neuronal). If adult human neuronal DNA were metabolically stable, its 13C/12C would reflect that in the maternal diet during fetal development as nearly all neurons are formed during maturation of the fetal brain and do not undergo cell division thereafter. The 13C/12C ratios in the food chains and body tissues of Europeans differ from corresponding American ratios by about 50 parts per million on the average. Therefore, turnover was studied by comparing 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA of American-born Americans, European-born Americans, and European-born Europeans. The 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA from European-born Americans were closer to 13C/12C ratios in cerebellar DNA from European-born Europeans than from American-born Americans, indicating that there was little or no turnover of neuronal DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slatkin, D N -- Friedman, L -- Irsa, A P -- Micca, P L -- NS 17822-01 RNM/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):1002-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Aging ; Carbon ; Carbon Isotopes ; Cerebellum/cytology/*metabolism ; DNA/*metabolism ; Europe/ethnology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurons/*metabolism ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 91
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    Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA for human tumor necrosis factor (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-04-12
    Beschreibung: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a soluble protein that causes damage to tumor cells but has no effect on normal cells. Human TNF was purified to apparent homogeneity as a 17.3-kilodalton protein from HL-60 leukemia cells and showed cytotoxic and cytostatic activities against various human tumor cell lines. The amino acid sequence was determined for the amino terminal end of the purified protein, and oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes were synthesized on the basis of this sequence. Complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human TNF was cloned from induced HL-60 messenger RNA and was confirmed by hybrid-selection assay, direct expression in COS-7 cells, and nucleotide sequence analysis. The human TNF cDNA is 1585 base pairs in length and encodes a protein of 233 amino acids. The mature protein begins at residue 77, leaving a long leader sequence of 76 amino acids. Expression of high levels of human TNF in Escherichia coli was accomplished under control of the bacteriophage lambda PL promoter and gene N ribosome binding site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, A M -- Creasey, A A -- Ladner, M B -- Lin, L S -- Strickler, J -- Van Arsdell, J N -- Yamamoto, R -- Mark, D F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 12;228(4696):149-54.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/*genetics/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Xenopus
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 92
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    NIH gaining in grants battle (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-04-05
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):35.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Support as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 93
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    Atrial natriuretic factor: a hormone produced by the heart (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-11-15
    Beschreibung: Systematic studies on the significance of the secretory-like morphological characteristic of cardiac atrial muscle cells of mammals led to the finding that these cells produce a polypeptide hormone. This hormone, described in 1981 as atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), is diuretic (natriuretic), hypotensive, and has an inhibitory effect on renin and aldosterone secretion. Thus, ANF probably intervenes in the short- and long-term control of water and electrolyte balance and of blood pressure. Phylogenetically, ANF appears early, suggesting different functions for this peptide in accordance with each species' environment. Knowledge of the properties of the hormone should provide insights into the pathophysiology of important clinical entities and lead to the development of new pharmaceutical products.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Bold, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):767-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2932797" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Amphibians ; Animals ; Atrial Function ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics/*physiology ; Birds ; Cattle ; Cytoplasmic Granules/ultrastructure ; Fishes ; Heart/*physiology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Myocardium/cytology/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Reptiles ; Rodentia ; Sinoatrial Node/cytology/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 94
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    New curriculum at Harvard Medical School (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-01-11
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):153.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3966150" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Curriculum ; *Education, Medical ; Physician-Patient Relations ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 95
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    Syrian hamster female protein: analysis of female protein primary structure and gene expression (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-07
    Beschreibung: The concentration in plasma of the female protein (FP) of the golden Syrian hamster is regulated by sex steroids and by mediators of the acute-phase response to tissue injury or inflammation. A complementary DNA (cDNA) clone corresponding to FP was isolated from a hamster liver cDNA library and used to determine the nucleotide sequence and derived amino acid sequence of native FP. The primary sequence of FP is 69 percent identical to human serum amyloid P component and 50 percent identical to human C-reactive protein. Evidence showed that sex-limited and acute-phase control of the FP gene is pretranslational. The FP protein is thus a useful model for investigating dual regulation of expression of a single gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dowton, S B -- Woods, D E -- Mantzouranis, E C -- Colten, H R -- AI20959/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1206-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acute-Phase Proteins ; Alpha-Globulins/*genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blood Proteins/genetics ; *C-Reactive Protein ; Cricetinae/*physiology ; DNA/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Liver/physiology ; Male ; Mesocricetus/*physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 96
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    Redesigning trypsin: alteration of substrate specificity (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-04-19
    Beschreibung: A general method for modifying eukaryotic genes by site-specific mutagenesis and subsequent expression in mammalian cells was developed to study the relation between structure and function of the proteolytic enzyme trypsin. Glycine residues at positions 216 and 226 in the binding cavity of trypsin were replaced by alanine residues, resulting in three trypsin mutants. Computer graphic analysis suggested that these substitutions would differentially affect arginine and lysine substrate binding of the enzyme. Although the mutant enzymes were reduced in catalytic rate, they showed enhanced substrate specificity relative to the native enzyme. This increased specificity was achieved by the unexpected differential effects on the catalytic activity toward arginine and lysine substrates. Mutants containing alanine at position 226 exhibited an altered conformation that may be converted to a trypsin-like structure upon binding of a substrate analog.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Craik, C S -- Largman, C -- Fletcher, T -- Roczniak, S -- Barr, P J -- Fletterick, R -- Rutter, W J -- AM26081/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM07216/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM28520/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):291-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3838593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; DNA/genetics ; Electrophoresis ; Mutation ; Rats ; Substrate Specificity ; Trypsin/biosynthesis/*genetics/metabolism ; Trypsinogen/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 97
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    Gore seeks to resurrect bioethics commission (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-06-28
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crawford, Mark -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1515.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643780" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Advisory Committees ; *Bioethical Issues ; *Bioethics ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; *Public Policy ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    Model structure for the inflammatory protein C5a (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-05-31
    Beschreibung: The complement cleavage product C5a is a potent stimulant of inflammatory processes; thus, inhibition of C5a activity is of therapeutic interest. The three-dimensional structure of the major portion of C5a was modeled from the homologous C3a crystal structure by comparative modeling techniques. The model shows that core residues of C5a are completely conserved, while external residues differ from C3a. Even though the amino-terminal 12 residues of C3a are disordered in the crystal, this sequence in C5a may form an amphipathic helix. The distribution of species sequence differences in the complete C5a structure suggests a possible receptor binding site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greer, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1055-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3992245" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Complement C5/metabolism ; Complement C5a ; Crystallography ; Humans ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Receptors, Complement/metabolism ; Thermodynamics
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    Molecular cloning of complementary DNA for the alpha subunit of the G protein that stimulates adenylate cyclase (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-09-20
    Beschreibung: A complementary DNA clone encoding the alpha subunit of the adenylate cyclase stimulatory G protein (Gs) was isolated and identified. A bovine brain complementary DNA library was screened with an oligonucleotide probe derived from amino acid sequence common to known G proteins. The only clone that was obtained with this probe has a complementary DNA insert of approximately 1670 base pairs. An antibody to a peptide synthesized according to deduced amino acid sequence reacts specifically with the alpha subunit of Gs. In addition, RNA that hybridizes with probes made from the clone is detected in wild-type S49 cells; however, cyc- S49 cells, which are deficient in Gs alpha activity, are devoid of this messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harris, B A -- Robishaw, J D -- Mumby, S M -- Gilman, A G -- GM09731/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM34497/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1274-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3839937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cerebral Cortex ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*analysis ; Enzyme Activation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Retina
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    NIMH emphasizes the basics (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 1985-04-26
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 26;228(4698):474-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2984771" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): *Behavior ; Humans ; *Mental Disorders ; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services ; Administration/*organization & administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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