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  • Articles  (1,443)
  • Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press  (1,443)
  • Male  (868)
  • United States  (490)
  • Species Specificity  (116)
  • Life Sciences
  • Physics
  • 1980-1984  (1,066)
  • 1975-1979  (377)
  • 1925-1929
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  • Articles  (1,443)
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  • 1
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    Reversible cerebral atrophy in recently abstinent chronic alcoholics measured by computed tomography scans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-02
    Description: Eight chronic alcoholics received repeated computed tomography scans. Four, who maintained abstinence and functionally improved, showed partially reversible cerebral atrophy. Two nonabstinent patients and two abstinent patients who had completed functional improvement before the first scan showed no change in atrophy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Wortzman, G -- Holgate, R C -- Wilkinson, D A -- Rankin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Alcoholism/*pathology/radiography/therapy ; Atrophy ; Brain/*pathology/radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Sex pheromone of the tsetse fly: isolation, identification, and synthesis of contact aphrodisiacs (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-25
    Description: Sex pheromones isolated from the cuticle of the female tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood, release mating behavior in the male fly at ultrashort range or upon contact with baited decoys. Three active components were identified as 15,19-dimethylheptatriacontane, 17,21-dimethylheptatriacontane, and 15,19,23-trimethylheptatriacontane. Chemical and biological comparisons show that the natural and synthetic compounds are identical.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlson, D A -- Langley, P A -- Huyton, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 25;201(4357):750-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675256" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Male ; Pheromones/*isolation & purification ; Sex Attractants/chemical synthesis/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Tsetse Flies/*analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Cholinergic vesicles: ability to empty and refill independently of cytoplasmic acetylcholine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-06
    Description: Incubation of minced mouse-forebrain tissues in lithium Krebs solution reduces the acetylcholine content of the vesicular fraction 70 percent without altering that of the cytoplasmic fraction. Depleted vesicular-bound acetylcholine can be restored with newly synthesized acetylcholine (formed from extracellular choline) independently of the cytoplasmic pool. Depletion of vesicular-bound acetylcholine does not facilitate the movement of preformed extracellular acetylcholine into vesicles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carrol, P T -- Nelson, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):85-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569492" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Cytoplasm/*metabolism ; Cytoplasmic Vesicles/drug effects/*metabolism ; Lithium Compounds/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Paraoxon/pharmacology ; Prosencephalon/drug effects/*metabolism/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Regulators defend their turf (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):603.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705348" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Economics ; *Environmental Health ; Government Agencies ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Uranium mill tailings: Congress addresses a long-neglected problem (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):191-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Environmental Exposure ; Legislation as Topic ; Mining/*standards ; New Mexico ; United States ; *Uranium ; Utah
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Dieldrin-induced mortality in an endangered species, the gray bat (Myotis grisescens) (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Brains of juvenile gray bats, Myotis grisescens, found dead beneath maternity roosts in two Missouri caves contained lethal concentrations of dieldrin. One colony appeared to be abnormally small, and more dead bats were found a year after the juvenile bats had been collected. This is the first report to link the field mortality of bats directly to insecticide residues acquired through the food chain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, D R Jr -- LaVal, R K -- Swineford, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1357-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/564550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldrin/adverse effects ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Brain Chemistry ; *Chiroptera ; Dieldrin/*adverse effects/analysis ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Lactation ; Male ; Missouri ; Pesticide Residues ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Changing postdoctoral career patterns for biomedical scientists (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-03
    Description: Between 1973 and 1977 the total number of Ph.D.'s holding postdoctoral appointments in the biomedical sciences increased at a rate of more than 550 individuals (12.5 percent) per year. During this same period the total number of doctorates awarded each year in these disciplines showed very little change. The postdoctoral growth can be attributed to substantial increases in both the numbers of recent graduates taking postdoctorals and the length of stay on these appointments. The lack of alternative employment opportunities has contributed heavily to the postdoctoral buildup. Continued growth is likely to have important consequences for biomedical research and research training.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coggeshall, P E -- Norvell, J C -- Bogorad, L -- Bock, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 3;202(4367):487-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705338" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biology/*manpower/trends ; Education, Continuing/*trends ; Employment ; *Research Support as Topic ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Rejection of male skin grafts by splenectomized female mice (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Female mice of the C3H strain normally do not reject skin grafts from males of the same strain; however, 40 percent of splenectomized C3H female mice completely rejected C3H male skin grafts applied 2 weeks later. All splenectomized females showed at least transitory signs of graft rejection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coons, T A -- Goldberg, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):320-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/345443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; *Graft Rejection ; *Histocompatibility Antigens ; Immunosuppression ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H/immunology ; Skin Transplantation ; Spleen/*immunology ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Y Chromosome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Health care economics: the high cost of getting well (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):883-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bed Occupancy ; Diagnosis/economics ; Economics, Hospital ; *Economics, Medical ; Education, Medical ; Fees and Charges ; Insurance, Health/economics ; Legislation, Medical ; Medical Laboratory Science/economics ; Therapeutics/economics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Tricyclic antidepressants: long-term treatment increases responsivity of rat forebrain neurons to serotonin (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: Long-term treatment of rats with clinically effective tricyclic antidepressant drugs induced a selective increase in the inhibitory response of forebrain neurons to serotonin applied by microiontophoresis. Long-term administration of some related drugs which lack antidepressant efficacy failed to induce such a change. The enhanced response to serotonin induced by the clinically active tricyclic drugs took 1 to 2 weeks to develop, a time course which correlates with the delayed onset of therapeutic effects in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de Montigny, C -- Aghajanian, G K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1303-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/*pharmacology ; Decerebrate State ; Drug Synergism ; Geniculate Bodies/*drug effects ; Hippocampus/*drug effects ; Male ; Neural Inhibition/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Pyramidal Tracts/drug effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Serotonin/*drug effects ; Serotonin/*pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    The stomach signals satiety (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Inflatable pyloric cuffs and stomach tubes were implanted in rats. With the cuff inflated and a valve to limit intragastric pressure to that accompanying normal satiety, they drank only as much when they had been deprived of food for 12 hours as without inflation of the cuff. However, they overdrank with the cuff inflated when they had been water deprived for 12 hours. When 10 ml of milk was withdrawn from the stomach with the cuff inflated, compensatory drinking occurred. Further, compensatory drinking also occurred when milk escaped from the stomach into the duodenum. Satiety signals thus arise from the stomach.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deutsch, J A -- Young, W G -- Kalogeris, T J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):165-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663647" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drinking Behavior/physiology ; Duodenum/physiology ; Food Deprivation ; Male ; Rats ; Satiation/*physiology ; Satiety Response/*physiology ; Stomach/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Functional plasticity in the immature striate cortex of the monkey shown by the [14C]deoxyglucose method (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Autoradiographic representation of the local rates of cerebral glucose utilization and local cerebral functional activity by means of the [14C]deoxyglucose technique reveals the existence of the ocular dominance columns in the striate cortex of the monkey in the first day of life. In contrast to the stability of these columns in more mature brain, monocular deprivation for 3 months from the first day of life results in their complete disappearance and a reversion of the autoradiographic pattern to that seen in animals with normal binocular vision. These results are consistent with a reorganization of the representation of the visual fields of the two eyes in the striate cortex and provide additional evidence of the plasticity of the striate cortex of the monkey in early life.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Des Rosiers, M H -- Sakurada, O -- Jehle, J -- Shinohara, M -- Kennedy, C -- Sokoloff, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):447-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cell Differentiation ; Deoxy Sugars/*metabolism ; Deoxyglucose/*metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Male ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/*cytology/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    The quality of medical care (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: This article classifies the major approaches to the assessment of the process and outcomes of medical care. The apparent need to safeguard and enhance the quality of care has led to the institution of mechanisms that subject care to constant review so that deficiencies may be found and corrected. The article reviews the developments that led to the involvement of the federal government in this activity through its sponsorship of professional standards review organizations (PSRO's). The major features of the PSRO's are described and their possible effects discussed. It is too early to say how the PSRO's will fare, but should they fail to accomplish their objectives the pressure for more radical solutions will be difficult to resist.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Donabedian, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):856-64.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417400" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computers ; Concurrent Review ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Humans ; Medical Records/standards ; Methods ; Peer Review ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Professional Review Organizations/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/standards ; *Quality of Health Care ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Hepatitis B virus and sex ratio of offspring (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drew, J S -- London, W T -- Lustbader, E D -- Hesser, J E -- Blumberg, B S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 25;201(4357):687-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/566954" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Birth Order ; Cross Reactions ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Graft Survival ; Hepatitis B/immunology/*physiopathology/transmission ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Sex Factors ; *Sex Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Lymphocyte ecto-5'-nucleotidase deficiency in agammaglobulinemia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes from eight patients with congenital agammaglobulinemia demonstrate reduced ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity when compared to the mean activity of normal subjects and patients with other forms of immunoglobulin deficiency. A specific defect of ecto-5'-nucleotidase is further suggested by normal values for lymphocyte ecto-adenosinetriphosphatase and ecto-nonspecific phosphatase. The data provide evidence for an enzyme deficiency in this X-linked, B lymphocyte deficiency syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Edwards, N L -- Magilavy, D B -- Cassidy, J T -- Fox, I H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):628-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agammaglobulinemia/*enzymology/genetics ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; IgA Deficiency ; Lymphocytes/*enzymology ; Male ; Nucleotidases/blood/*deficiency ; Rosette Formation ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; X Chromosome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Thermoregulation is impaired in an environment without circadian time cues (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Squirrel monkeys synchronized to a 24-hour light-dark cycle show a prominent circadian rhythm in body temperature which is regulated against mild environmental cold exposures throughout the 24-hour day. However, cold exposures produce significant decreases in core body temperature when the circadian rhythms of the animal are free-running in the absence of environmental time cues. Effective thermoregulation appears to require the precise internal synchronization of the circadian timekeeping system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuller, C A -- Sulzman, F M -- Moore-Ede, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):794-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/414356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cold Temperature ; Cues ; *Environment ; Environmental Exposure ; Haplorhini ; Homeostasis ; Male ; Saimiri ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Population, food intake, and fertility. There is historical evidence for a direct effect of nutrition on reproductive ability (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frisch, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):22-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Population Sciences and Center for Population Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569482" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Birth Intervals ; Birth Rate ; Contraceptive Devices ; *Diet ; England ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; *Fertility ; Growth ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; Male ; *Malnutrition ; Menarche ; Menopause ; Scotland ; Social Class ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Bone marrow origin of hepatic macrophages (Kupffer cells) in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: Hepatic macrophages (Kupffer cells) from two male recipients of bone marrow transplants from females were studied for fluorescent Y body staining and sex chromatin (Barr body). After the transplant, macrophages had the sex karyotype of the donor, indicating that human hepatic macrophages originate in bone marrow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gale, R P -- Sparkes, R S -- Golde, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):937-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/356266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; *Bone Marrow Cells ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease/immunology ; Humans ; Kupffer Cells/*cytology ; Male ; Transplantation, Homologous
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Discrimination of intermediate sounds in a synthetic call continuum by female green tree frogs (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Male Hyla cinerea produce two distinctive calls. Acoustically intermediate calls are rare. Females discriminate between synthetic intermediates that differ by one cycle of amplitude modulation (50 per second). Processing appears to be continuous. The tree frog's auditory system thus provides a wide margin for the discrimination of its two principal signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gerhardt, H C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1089-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628833" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/*physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Sound ; *Vocalization, Animal
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    Thrombin-induced platelet aggregation is mediated by a platelet plasma membrane-bound lectin (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Throbin-activated human platelets cause agglutination of trypsinized, formalinized bovine erythrocytes. This lectin activity of stimulated platelets was blocked by galactosamine, glucosamine, mannosamine, lysine, and arginine, but not by N-acetylated sugars, other neutral sugars, or other amino acids. Inhibitors of the thrombin-induced lectin activity also blocked thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. It appears that a membrane surface component that has lectin activity mediates platelet aggregation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gartner, T K -- Williams, D C -- Minion, F C -- Phillips, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1281-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agglutinins ; Amino Acids/pharmacology ; Amino Sugars/pharmacology ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cytochalasin B/pharmacology ; *Hemagglutinins ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/blood ; Platelet Aggregation/*drug effects ; Prostaglandins E/pharmacology ; Species Specificity ; Thrombin/*pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    Morton's ranking of races by cranial capacity. Unconscious manipulation of data may be a scientific norm (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: Samuel George Morton, self-styled objective empiricist, amassed the world's largest pre-Darwinian collection of human skulls. He measured their capacity and produced the results anticipated in an age when few Caucasians doubted their innate superiority: whites above Indians, blacks at the bottom. Morton published all his raw data, and it is shown here that his summary tables are based on a patchwork of apparently unconscious finagling. When his data are properly reinterpreted, all races have approximately equal capacities. Unconscious or dimly perceived finagling is probably endemic in science, since scientists are human beings rooted in cultural contexts, not automatons directed toward external truth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gould, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):503-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/347573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Continental Ancestry Group ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cephalometry/*history ; *Continental Population Groups ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Indians, North American ; Indians, South American ; *Intelligence ; Male ; Sex Factors
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    How valuable are scientific exchanges with the Soviet Union? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graham, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):383-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Foreign Professional Personnel ; *International Cooperation ; *Science ; Ussr ; United States
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    Research involving human subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: This article reports a study of the activities and performance of institutional review boards to protect human research subjects. Researchers and institutional review board members were generally supportive of the review system, although substantial criticisms were also heard. Institutional review boards had some direct impact on half of the proposals reviewed by requiring either modification of or additional information about proposed research. The data, however, raise questions about the effectiveness of some review board actions, for example, with regard to informed consent. Some policy implications of the study are presented.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gray, B H -- Cooke, R A -- Tannenbaum, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1094-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/356268" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Behavioral Research ; Bioethics ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Consent Forms ; *Ethical Review ; *Ethics Committees, Research ; *Human Experimentation ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; *Research/standards ; Risk ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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  • 24
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    beta-Adrenergic receptors in aged rat brain: reduced number and capacity of pineal gland to develop supersensitivity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: The density but not the affinity of beta-adrenergic receptors declined significantly with age in rat pineal gland, corpus striatum, and cerebellum, as determined by the binding of tritiated dihydroalprenolol. Exposing rats to light for 12 hours increased the binding of this radioligand in 3-month-old but not in 24-month-old rats. The reduced responsiveness to catecholamines seen in aging may be due to a decrease in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors which, in turn, may be caused by an impaired capacity of receptors in aged animals to adapt to changes in adrenergic neuronal input.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenberg, L H -- Weiss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Alprenolol/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; Circadian Rhythm ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Male ; Neuroglia/metabolism ; Pineal Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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    Behavior and phylogeny: constriction in ancient and modern snakes (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Comparative analyses of behavior have an underappreciated potential for revealing the role of ethoecological factors in the origins of higher taxa. Twenty-seven species (13 genera) in the advanced family Colubridae exhibited 19 patterns of coil application; one or two patterns were usually consistent within a genus. Forty-eight species (26 genera) in the primitive families Acrochordidae, Aniliidae, Boidae, and Xenopeltidae usually used a single pattern, despite differences in age, size, shape, habitat, and diet. This implies the shared retention of an action pattern used by their common ancestor no later than the early Paleocene. Constriction must have been used as a prey-killing tactic very early in the history of snakes and might have been a behavioral "key innovation" in the evolution of their unusual jaw mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greene, H W -- Burghardt, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):74-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Predatory Behavior/physiology ; Snakes/*physiology ; Species Specificity
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    Subsynaptic plate perforations: changes with age and experience in the rat (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-12-08
    Description: The relative frequency of appearance of discontinuities in the postsynaptic thickening, or perforations in the subsynaptic plate, increased with age and experience. Rats reared from weaning in complex or social environments had a significantly higher proportion of occipital cortical synapses with perforations than did rats reared in isolation. In addition, the relative frequency of these perforations more than tripled between 10 and 60 days of age. Shifts in the frequency of perforations can occur independently of changes in the size of synpases. This result suggests a new potential mechanism of synaptic plasticity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenough, W T -- West, R W -- DeVoogd, T J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1096-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/ultrastructure ; Environment ; Male ; Occipital Lobe/*ultrastructure ; Rats ; Synapses/ultrastructure ; Synaptic Membranes/*ultrastructure
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    Endorphins: naloxone fails to alter experimental pain or mood in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: In 30 human subjects, experimental pain was produced by either ischemia or cold-water immersion. In a double-blind procedure, intravenous doses of up to 10 milligrams of naloxone hydrochloride in saline were indistinguishable from similarly administered saline alone. There were no effects on subjective pain ratings, finger plethysmograph recordings, or responses to mood-state questionnaires. These laboratory procedures do not activate any functionally significant pain-attenuating or mood-altering effect of endorphins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grevert, P -- Goldstein, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1093-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/343250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; Double-Blind Method ; Emotions/*drug effects ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
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    Immunoassay of androgen binding protein in blood: a new approach for study of the seminiferous tubule (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Androgen binding protein, a secretory product of seminiferous tubules, was isolated by means of affinity chromatography. A radioimmunoassay was developed and used to identify androgen binding protein in rat plasma. The ability to measure a testicular protein in blood provides a new method for investigation of seminiferous tubular physiology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gunsalus, G L -- Musto, N A -- Bardin, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):65-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood-Testis Barrier ; Carrier Proteins/*blood/metabolism ; Castration ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Radioimmunoassay/methods ; Rats ; Seminiferous Tubules/*metabolism ; Testis/*metabolism ; Testosterone/pharmacology
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    Peptides in the brain: the new endocrinology of the neuron (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):390-402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/212832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endorphins/*history/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification ; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification ; History, 20th Century ; Hypothalamic Hormones/*history/pharmacology ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/*physiology ; *Neurosecretion ; Sheep ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Synaptic Transmission ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/isolation & purification/physiology
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    Neural factors contribute to atherogenesis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Electron microscopic evidence of early atherogenic changes in the aorta and coronary arteries was obtained in normal fed, conscious, unrestrained rats receiving electrical stimulation in the lateral hypothalamus for periods of up to 62 days. Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were not etiologic factors. In view of recent observations concerning neuropsychological mechanisms in human ischemic heart disease, the findings raise the possibility that the human central nervous system has a role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gutstein, W H -- Harrison, J -- Parl, F -- Ku, G -- Avtable, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):449-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/pathology ; Arteriosclerosis/*etiology/pathology/physiopathology ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol/blood ; Coronary Vessels/pathology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Stimulation ; Hypothalamus/*physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Stress, Physiological/*complications
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    Aphagia and adipsia after preferential destruction of nerve cell bodies in hypothalamus (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-11-03
    Description: Microinjections of the excitatory neurotoxin kainic acid into the lateral hypothalamus of rats produced a period aphagia and adipsia. Kainate-treated rats displayed transient motor effects during the first hours after the injection but did not show the persisting sensory-motor and arousal disturbances typically observed in animals with electrolytic lesions in this part of the hypothalamus. Histological examination revealed a significant reduction in the number of nerve cell bodies in the lateral hypothalamus. Silver-stained material indicated no evidence of damage to fiber systems passing through the affected region. Assays of dopamine in hypothalamus, striatum, and telencephalon did not indicate significant differences between experimental and control animals. These results are in agreement with recent reports of the anatomical and biochemical effects of intracerebral kainic acid injections and suggest that the observed effect on feeding behavior is related to the destruction of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grossman, S P -- Dacey, D -- Halaris, A E -- Collier, T -- Routtenberg, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 3;202(4367):537-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drinking Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects/*physiology ; Hypothalamus/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Thalamic Nuclei/drug effects
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    Decrease of human serum fucosyltransferase as an indicator of successful tumor therapy (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-29
    Description: Surgical removal of colon carcinomas leads to a decrease in the rate of incorporation of [14C]fucose into its endogenous acceptor in human serum; normal incorporation rates are attained within 14 days. A similar time course has been determined for alpha2- and alpha3-fucosyltransferase when either desialo- or desialodegalactofetuin are employed as exogenous acceptors. A correlation has also been seen between transferase activity and the therapeutic response of patients with breast cancer. These results indicate that the determination of fucosyltransferase activity can facilitate the diagnosis of neoplasia, and the success of surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bauer, C H -- Reutter, W G -- Erhart, K P -- Kottgen, E -- Gerok, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1232-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/*therapy ; Carcinoma/blood/*surgery ; Colonic Neoplasms/blood/*surgery ; Female ; Fucosyltransferases/*blood ; Hexosyltransferases/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
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    Abnormal auditory evoked potentials in early infancy malnutrition (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-08-04
    Description: Computer-averaged auditory evoked potentials were found to be abnormal in infants hospitalized because of severe malnutrition (marasmus). They improved as the infants' somatic growth improved during the course of treatment, but were still deviant at the time of discharge from the hospital and at subsequent outpatient follow-up. Abnormalities in evoked potentials may reflect a long-lasting effect of malnutrition on brain function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnet, A B -- Weiss, I P -- Sotillo, M V -- Ohlrich, E S -- Shkurovich, M -- Cravioto, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 4;201(4354):450-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Cortex/*physiopathology ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Electroencephalography ; *Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Protein-Energy Malnutrition/*physiopathology ; Sex Factors ; Sleep/physiology
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    Phase sensitivity in electroreception (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: The gymnotoid electric fish Hypopomus artedi discriminates between electric stimulus pulses with identical spectral amplitudes but different spectral phase functions. Behavioral results can be explained on the assumption that electroreception is based on a linear filter, approximately matched to the species' electric organ discharge. The impulse response of the appropriate matched filter, in fact, resembles the known impulse response of the electroreceptors involved.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heiligenberg, W -- Altes, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):1001-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622577" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Electric Organ/*physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrophysiology ; Fishes/*physiology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/*physiology ; Species Specificity
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  • 35
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    Hamster refractoriness: the role of insensitivity of pineal target tissues (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: Hamsters exposed to short days undergo gonadal collapse followed by recrudescence and insensitivity to the regressive effects of such photoperiods. This refractoriness may be due to exhaustion of the pineal gland or desensitization of its target. Hamsters whose gonads had spontaneously recrudesced were injected with melatonin (25 micrograms per injection) once daily (known to induce regression in intact hamsters) or twice daily (reported to arrest reproduction in pinealectomized hamsters) for 7 weeks. In neither case did refractory hamsters respond to melatonin treatment. The gonads of intact hamsters treated with melatonin for 21 weeks regressed and spontaneously recrudesced along a normal time course. These results indicate that gonadal refractoriness is due to insensitivity of the target tissues of the pineal gland and imply that melantonin participates in photoperiodic regulation of reproduction in the golden hamster.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bittman, E L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):648-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/568311" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cricetinae/*physiology ; Light ; Male ; Melatonin/*pharmacology ; Mesocricetus/*physiology ; Motor Activity/physiology ; Organ Size/drug effects ; Pineal Gland/*physiology ; *Seasons ; Testis/anatomy & histology/*growth & development
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    Stimulation of dopamine synthesis in caudate nucleus by intrastriatal enkephalins and antagonism by naloxone (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: The intraventricular injection of methionine-enkephalin (50 to 100 micrograms) or [d-Ala2]-methionine-enkephalinamide (1.5 to 12 micrograms), a synthetic enkephalin analog resistant to enzyme degradation, caused a marked dose-dependent increase in dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid concentrations in the rat striatum. The [d-Ala2] analog increased the accumulation of dopa in the striatum after aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibition, indicating that it increased dopamine synthesis. At the highest doses used both enkephalins failed to modify brain serotonin metabolism. The monolateral microinjection of the [d-Ala2]] analog (3 to 6 micrograms) into the caudate nucleus increased the concentration of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the injected side, whereas bilateral injection increased the concentration of this compound in both caudate nuclei and caused catalepsy. The stimulant effect of the [d-Ala2] analog on dopamine synthesis in the striatum persisted after destruction of striatal postsynaptic dopamine receptors with kainic acid. The biochemical and behavioral effects of enkephalins were prevented by naloxone, a specific narcotic antagonist. The results indicate that enkephalins stimulate dopamine synthesis by an action on opioid receptors localized on dopaminergic nerve terminals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Biggio, G -- Casu, M -- Corda, M G -- Di Bello, C -- Gessa, G L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):552-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/205949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/metabolism ; Animals ; Caudate Nucleus/*metabolism ; Dopamine/*biosynthesis ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Homovanillic Acid/metabolism ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects
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    Intraspecific evidence for the function of single and double cones in the teleost retina (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Retinal growth in young Sebastes diploproa involves the succession of three distinct cone patterns. Development of the final pattern with the loss of single cones occurs in close temporal association with a permanent migration from the surface to deep water. The results suggest that loss of single cones depends upon the change in environment and that the loss occurs through fusion to double elements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boehlert, G W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):309-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Environment ; Fishes/*physiology ; Light ; Photoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Retina/ultrastructure ; Species Specificity ; Trout/physiology
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    Risk factor intervention for health maintenance (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Risk factors for disease consist of (i) personal habits, such as cigarette smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and (ii) bodily characteristics, such as hypertension and high serum cholesterol. Progress in identifying and quantifying risk factors is opening the way to the prevention of disease and maintenance of health. Systematic, controlled trials of intervention against risk factors are beginning to produce evidence on the extent of success in reducing both the factors and the mortality from associated diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):908-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arteriosclerosis/etiology ; Coronary Disease/etiology/*prevention & control ; Disease/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications ; Hypertension/complications ; Lung Neoplasms/etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Preventive Medicine ; *Probability ; *Risk ; Smoking/complications
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  • 39
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    Upton OK's Laetrile test on humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):196.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdalin/*therapeutic use ; Federal Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 40
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    Fallopian tube isthmic mucus and ovum transport (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: The oviduct isthmus is capable of transporting spermatozoa and ova in opposite directions. A column of tenacious mucus that occupies the lumen of the rabbit oviduct isthmus during estrus may permit sperm transport. After ovulation the mucus disappears, with subsequent efforescence of cilia, which probably assist transport of ova to the uterus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jansen, R P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):349-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/580814" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Cilia/physiology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Fallopian Tubes/*physiology ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Mucous Membrane/physiology ; Mucus/physiology ; Ovulation/drug effects ; *Ovum Transport ; Rabbits ; *Sperm Transport
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  • 41
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    Care of the aged: old problems in need of new solutions (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Long-term care for the aged in the United States is overly dependent upon the nursing home. This hospital-like model for long-term care is particularly inappropriate since it imposes a medical solution on a variety of social problems. An adequate long-term care program requires a range of resources in the community as well as in institutions; sheltered housing options seem a desirable alternative to the nursing home. To ensure the quality of nursing home care, the present focus on setting standards for care activities should be abandoned in favor of a focus on care outcomes (physical, mental, and social). In an effort to change our present perverse incentives in the nursing home industry, the proposal is made that nursing homes be reimbursed according to the degree to which patient outcomes meet predicted outcomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kane, R L -- Kane, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):913-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417403" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Financing, Government ; Health Facilities, Proprietary ; *Homes for the Aged/economics ; Humans ; Long-Term Care/*methods ; *Nursing Homes/economics/standards ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States
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  • 42
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    Modification of attention in honey bees (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-29
    Description: Honey bees were trained in two consecutive two-dimensional (color-position) problems with one dimension (color or position) relevant and the other irrelevant in each problem. As in analogous experiments on dimensional transfer in rats and monkeys, performance in the second problem was more accurate when the relevant and irrelevant dimensions were the same as in the first problem than when they were interchanged. The results of further experiments suggest that the transfer is mediated by different modes of responding that develop in color and position problems rather than by some special process of dimensional selection, such as has been assumed to operate in vertebrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Klosterhalfen, S -- Fischer, W -- Bitterman, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1241-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Attention/*physiology ; Bees/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Color Perception ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 43
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    Increased resistance to Staphylococcus aureus infection and enhancement in serum lysozyme activity by glucan (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Glucan is a potent reticuloendothelial stimulant whose immunobiological activity is mediated, in part, by an increase in the number and function of macrophages. In studying the role of glucan as a mediator of antibacterial activity, we attempted to ascertain the ability of glucan to modify the mortality of mice with experimentally induced Gram-positive bacteremia, and to enhance antibacterial defenses in rats as denoted by serum lysozyme and phagocytic activity. After intravenous administration of glucan, serum lysozyme concentrations were increased approximately sevenfold over control concentrations. The increase in serum lysozyme appeared to parallel the glucan-induced increase in phagocytosis and induced hyperplasia of macrophages. Prior treatment of mice with glucan significantly enhanced their survival when they were challenged systemically with Staphylococcus aureus. These studies indicate that glucan confers an enhanced state of host defense against bacterial infections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kokoshis, P L -- Williams, D L -- Cook, J A -- Di Luzio, N R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1340-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628841" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteriolysis/drug effects ; Immunotherapy ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Male ; Muramidase/*blood ; Phagocytosis/*drug effects ; Polysaccharides/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Rats ; Sepsis/prevention & control ; Staphylococcal Infections/*prevention & control/therapy ; Staphylococcus aureus
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  • 44
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    Polyribosomes associated with forming acrosome membranes in guinea pig spermatids (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Ribosomes, some of which are arranged in polyribosomal configurations, are attached to specialized regions of the acrosomal membrane in guinea pig spermatids. This finding indicates a new functional dimension for the acrosomal membrane, that of protein synthesis, and suggests that during acrosome formation, proteins of the acrosomal membrane or acrosomal contents need not be synthesized before or during passage through the Golgi apparatus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mollenhauer, H H -- Morre, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):85-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acrosome/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Animals ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Membranes/ultrastructure ; Polyribosomes/metabolism/*ultrastructure ; Spermatids/*ultrastructure ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa/*ultrastructure
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  • 45
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    Inhibition of bone formation during space flight (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: Parameters of bone formation and resorption were measured in rats orbited for 19.5 days aboard the Soviet Cosmos 782 biological satellite. The most striking effects were on bone formation. During flight, rats formed significantly less periosteal bone than did control rats on the ground. An arrest line at both the periosteum and the endosteum of flight animals suggest that a complete cessation of bone growth occurred. During a 26-day postflight period, the defect in bone formation was corrected. No significant changes in bone resorption were observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morey, E R -- Baylink, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1138-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/150643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aerospace Medicine ; Animals ; *Bone Development ; Bone Matrix/physiology ; Bone Resorption ; Male ; Periosteum/physiology ; Rats ; *Space Flight ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Tetracycline ; Tibia/cytology/growth & development/physiology ; Time Factors ; Weightlessness
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  • 46
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    Activity patterns of human skeletal muscles: relation to muscle fiber type composition (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: The muscle activity of normal ambulatory individuals was recorded continuously for 8-hour (working day) periods. Parameters of activity patterns were defined and numerical outcomes for these parameters were compared across a diverse population of muscles. Several pattern parameters, such as the average percentage of time active, were highly correlated with the percentage of type I fibers of a muscle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monster, A W -- Chan, H -- O'Connor, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):314-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Male ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Ammonia intoxication in the near-adult cat as a result of a dietary deficiency of arginine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Near-adult cats, fasted overnight, and given a single meal of a complete amino acid diet without arginine, developed hyperammonemia and showed clinical symptoms of ammonia toxicity within 2 hours. One cat (2.7 kilograms) died 4.5 hours after ingesting only 8 grams of the diet. Since ornithine also prevented hyperammonemia, it appears that the domestic cat cannot synthesize ornithine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morris, J G -- Rogers, Q R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):431-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/metabolism ; Ammonia/*blood/toxicity ; *Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Animals ; Arginine/*deficiency/metabolism ; Cats/*metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Ornithine/metabolism ; Time Factors
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    B lymphocyte antigens in sicca syndrome (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: All individuals tested in this study with sicca syndrome, a human autoimmune disease, bear two immunologically distinct and genetically unrelated B lymphocyte antigens that appear similar to the immune response associated (Ia) antigens of the mouse. The genes coding for these two antigens are present in only 37 and 24 percent of normal controls. In animal models Ia antigen genes are closely linked to immune response genes. Our findings suggest that two such genes may be required for the development of sicca syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moutsopoulos, H M -- Chused, T M -- Johnson, A H -- Khudsen, B -- Mann, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1441-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Female ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Genetic Linkage ; HLA Antigens/analysis/genetics ; Humans ; Isoantigens/*analysis/genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sjogren's Syndrome/genetics/*immunology
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  • 49
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    Human lateralization from head to foot: sex-related factors (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Sex differences in the pattern and maturation of lateral asymmetries of the human brain have been recently found by a number of investigators, suggesting that sex-related factors may differentially affect the two sides of the body. In this study, asymmetries in the size of the two feet were strongly related to sex and handedness, right-handed males having larger right feet and right-handed females having larger left feet, the reverse being seen in non-right-handed individuals. Since these differences were apparent even in children younger than 6 years, the fetal sex steroids may be critical in governing the maturation of both cerebral and pedal asymmetries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, J -- Levy, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1291-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foot/*anatomy & histology ; *Functional Laterality ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Male ; *Sex Factors
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    Lead exposure during infancy permanently increases lithium-induced polydipsia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Lead (200 milligrams per kilogram) was administered daily by intubation to Long-Evans rats on days 3 through 30 of life. Thirty to 180 days after cessation of lead administration, the lead-treated rats were consistently more polydipsic after lithium administration (2 millimoles per kilogram per day) than were pair-treated controls. Lithium increased the plasma renin activity equally in both the lead treated and the control groups. These data are evidence that there may be permanent neural changes induced by postnatal exposure to lead that are manifested by pharmacological challenge with lithium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mailman, R B -- Krigman, M R -- Mueller, R A -- Mushak, P -- Breese, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):637-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675249" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; *Drinking Behavior/drug effects ; Female ; Lead Poisoning/*physiopathology ; Lithium/pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Renin/blood
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    Electrical stimulation of the amygdala as a conditioned stimulus in a bait-shyness paradigm (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-08-11
    Description: Animals receiving low-intensity electrical stimulation of the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala while drinking plain tap water were injected with toxic doses of lithium chloride to examine whether brain stimulation can serve as a conditioned stimulus in a bait-shyness paradigm. Subjects receiving this pairing greatly reduced their water intake in a retention test, in a similar manner to a group in which saccharin was paired with poisoning. Pairing lithium chloride with stimulation of the amygdala had no effect on subsequent water intake in the absence of brain stimulation. This effect appears to be locus specific, as caudate stimulation could not serve as a conditioned stimulus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Phillips, A G -- LePiane, F G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):536-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/*physiology ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Caudate Nucleus/physiology ; Conditioning, Classical/*physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Male ; Rats ; Retention (Psychology)/physiology ; Taste/*physiology
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  • 52
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    Neural lateralization of species-specific vocalizations by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Five Japanese macaques and five other Old World monkeys were trained to discriminate among field-recorded Japanese macaque vocalizations. One task required discrimination of a communicatively relevant acoustic feature ("peak"), and a second required discrimination of an orthogonal feature of the same vocalizations ("pitch"). The Japanese animals more proficiently discriminated the peak feature when stimuli were presented to the right ear (primarily left cerebral hemisphere), as opposed to the left ear (primarily right hemisphere). In discriminating the pitch feature, the Japanese animals either showed (i) a left-ear processing advantage or (ii) no ear advantage. The comparison animals, with one exception, showed no ear advantage in processing either feature of the vocalizations. The results suggest that Japanese macaques engage left-hemisphere processors for the analysis of communicatively significant sounds that are analogous to the lateralized mechanisms used by humans listening to speech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petersen, M R -- Beecher, M D -- Zoloth, S R -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):324-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/99817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Discrimination Learning/physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Male ; Species Specificity ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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    Environmental groups lose friends in effort to control DNA research (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1265-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725600" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA, Recombinant/*standards ; Environment ; Environmental Pollution/prevention & control ; Government Regulation ; Legislation as Topic ; Research Design/*standards ; Risk Assessment ; United States
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    EPA smog standard attacked by industry, science advisers (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 1;202(4371):949-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715452" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Industry ; Ozone/toxicity ; United States
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    Health officials fired up over "tolerable" cigarettes (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):795-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684406" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nicotine/toxicity ; Smoking/*complications ; Tars/toxicity ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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    The mating game: what happens when sperm meets egg (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1256-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Contraception, Immunologic ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Glycoproteins/physiology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Mammals ; Sea Urchins ; *Sperm-Ovum Interactions
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  • 57
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    Kainic acid lesions of the striatum dissociate amphetamine and apomorphine stereotypy: similarities to Huntingdon's chorea (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: Kainic acid lesion of cell bodies in the dorsal striatum enhanced the stereotypy-producing effects of d-amphetamine without affecting the sterotypy produced by the direct receptor agonist apomorphine. This pattern of results parallels that found in patients suffering from Hungtington's chorea, thus strengthening the parallels between the kainic acid animal model and the human disease state initially suggested on biochemical gounds. The present results further suggest a dissociation of the mechanisms involved in the production of stereotypy by these two drugs, perhaps in terms of differential involvement of the striato-nigral negative feedback loop.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mason, S T -- Sanberg, P R -- Fibiger, H C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):352-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26976" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apomorphine/*pharmacology ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/*drug effects/enzymology/pathology ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/*physiopathology ; *Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Male ; Nucleus Accumbens/enzymology ; *Pyrrolidines/pharmacology ; Rats ; Stereotyped Behavior/*drug effects ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism
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    Dextroamphetamine: cognitive and behavioral effects in normal prepubertal boys (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-03
    Description: The behavioral, cognitive, and electrophysiological effect of a single dose of dextroamphetamine (0.5 milligram per kilogram of body weight) or placebo was examined in 14 normal prepubertal boys (mean age, 10 years 11 months) in a double-blind study. When amphetamine was given, the group showed a marked decrease in motor activity and reaction time and improved performance on cognitive tests. The similarity of the response observed in normal children to that reported in children with "hyperactivity" or minimal brain dysfunction casts doubt on pathophysiological models of minimal brain dysfunction which assume that children with this syndrome have a clinically specific or "paradoxical" response to stimulants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rapoport, J L -- Buchsbaum, M S -- Zahn, T P -- Weingartner, H -- Ludlow, C -- Mikkelsen, E J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):560-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/341313" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Child ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Cognition/*drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Electrophysiology ; Emotions/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects
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    Prenatal exposure to prednisone in humans and animals retards intrauterine growth (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: Prednisone treatment for infertility and subsequent pregnancy maintenance in humans resulted in a significant decrease in the birth weight of full-term infants and a marked increase in the percentage of newborn infants weighing 2500 grams or less, that is, "light for dates" in comparison to control offspring. A parallel experiment with mice indicated that the reduction of birth weight was caused by exposure to corticosteroids rather than to maternal disease or malfunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reinisch, J M -- Simon, N G -- Karow, W G -- Gandelman, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):436-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birth Weight/*drug effects ; Female ; Fetus/*drug effects ; Humans ; *Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mice ; Prednisone/*adverse effects ; Pregnancy/*drug effects
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    Attenuation of amnesia in rats by systemically administered enkephalins (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: The pentapeptides methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin are both able to reduce experimentally induced amnesia in rats. In contrast to the possible analgesic activity of these peptides, the anti-amnesic effect is seen after systemic administration of dosages of 30 micrograms or lower. The nature of the anti-amnesic effect is different for the two peptides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rigter, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):83-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects ; Carbon Dioxide/antagonists & inhibitors ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Rats ; Time Factors
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    Fluorescence-immunocytochemistry: simultaneous localization of catecholamines and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and dopamine were identified simultaneously in the same block of tissue from the median eminence of the rat brain. Two distinct bands of dopamine terminals were found in the lateral median eminence: an inner band which overlapped the gonadotropin-releasing hormone terminals and an outer band which appeared juxtaposed to portal capillaries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McNeill, T H -- Sladek, J R Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):72-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/345442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*metabolism ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/*metabolism ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Male ; Median Eminence/*metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Nerve Endings/metabolism ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Rats
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    Potency in male rhesus monkeys: effects of continuously receptive females (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Ejaculations decreased and mount latencies increased when intact males were paired regularly over a 3.5-year period (3180 tests) with ovariectomized females made constantly receptive by daily injections of estradiol. The deterioration in potency was abruptly and completely reversed by substituting a group of new but similarly treated females for the original ones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, R P -- Zumpe, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417398" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ejaculation ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Pair Bond ; Periodicity ; Seasons ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testosterone/blood ; Time Factors
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    delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: antiaggressive effects in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, the most active constituent of marihuana, decreased species-specific attack behavior in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys at doses (0.25 to 2.0 milligram per kilogram of body weight) that have no effects on other elements of the behavioral repertoire. Aggressive behavior was engendered in all three species by confronting a resident animal with an intruder conspecific. The present results contrast with the widely held belief that marihuana increases aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miczek, K A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1459-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*drug effects ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Saimiri ; Territoriality
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    Symbolic communication between two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Through use of learned symbols, two chimpanzees accurately specified 11 foods by name to one another when the food item's identity was known by only one. They could not do this when denied use of the symbols. The chimpanzees then spontaneously requested specific foods of one another by name. Requests resulted in cooperative and reciprocal symbolically mediated food exchange.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Savage-Rumbaugh, E S -- Rumbaugh, D M -- Boysen, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):641-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Communication ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Male ; Pan troglodytes/*physiology
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    Medial preoptic lesions and male sexual behavior: age and environmental interactions (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: In all species studied, the medial preoptic area has been found to be necessary for male copulatory behavior. No recovery of sexual function from the medial preoptic area lesions appears to have been reported. This study demonstrates that rats with large lesions of the medial preoptic area exhibit adult male sexual behavior when the surgery is performed prepuberally and the rats have interacted socially with peers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Twiggs, D G -- Popolow, H B -- Gerall, A A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1414-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copulation/*physiology ; Environment ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Male ; Preoptic Area/*physiology ; Rats ; *Sexual Maturation
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    Oral cocaine: plasma concentrations and central effects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: Cocaine (2.0 milligrams per kilogram) given by the oral route is at least as effective as the same dose given intranasally. Cocaine is not detected in the plasma until 30 minutes after oral administration, but peak plasma concentrations are similar after both routes. The subjective "highs" in man are greater after oral than after intranasal administration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Dyke, C -- Jatlow, P -- Ungerer, J -- Barash, P G -- Byck, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):211-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Cocaine/*administration & dosage/blood/pharmacology ; Euphoria/drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Time Factors
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    Effects of naloxone on schizophrenia: reduction in hallucinations in a subpopulation of subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Endogenous opiate-like peptides (endorphins) are putative neuroregulators located throughout the mammalian brainstem. There is some evidence for their role in pain, stress, and affect. We report that the opiate antagonist, naloxone, alters some schizophrenic symptoms. In a double-blind, cross-over study, naloxone produced decreases in auditory hallucinations in some schizophrenic patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endorphins may play a roll in modulating hallucinations in a highly selected subgroup of chronically hallucinating schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Berger, P A -- Akil, H -- Mills, M J -- Barchas, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):73-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351804" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Endorphins/physiology ; Hallucinations/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy ; Time Factors
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    Federal health spending passes the $50-billion mark (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walsh, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):886-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/347578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Education, Medical ; *Financing, Government ; Health Services/*economics ; Legislation, Medical ; Medicaid/economics ; Medicare/economics ; Professional Review Organizations/economics ; Research Support as Topic ; Training Support ; United States
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  • 69
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    Adrenocorticotropin in rat brain: immunocytochemical localization in cells and axons (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: By means of antiserum (purified by affinity chromatography) directed against adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) 11-24, cell bodies and beaded axons were visualized in rat brain. The ACTH-like immunoreactivity (ACTH-LI) was primarily located in the hypothalamus (cells and axons). Fibers were scattered throughout thalamus, amygdala, periaqueductal gray area, and reticular formation. There was no change in the distribution of ACTH-LI in rats that had been subjected to hypophysectomy. This distribution of ACTH-LI parallels that of beta-lipotropin and is altered by specific lesions in a similar fashion. The presence of ACTH-LI in cells and beaded axons in brain raises the possibility that it is a neuroregulator functioning as a neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, or neurohormone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Richard, C W 3rd -- Barchas, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1180-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/206967" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*metabolism ; Animals ; Axons/metabolism ; Brain/cytology/*metabolism ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Male ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; beta-Lipotropin/metabolism
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    New rulebook for gene splicers faces one more test (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wade, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):600-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/353985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA, Recombinant/*standards ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics/pathogenicity ; *Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research Design/standards ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
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    Biological warfare fears may impede last goal of smallpox eradicators (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wade, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):329-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Warfare ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; *Smallpox/prevention & control ; United States ; Variola virus ; Virus Cultivation ; *World Health Organization
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    Policy recommendations to VA leave NAS at odds with Congress (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walsh, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):952-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/341315" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes ; *Delivery of Health Care ; *Public Policy ; United States ; *United States Department of Veterans Affairs
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  • 73
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    The problem of defensive medicine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Defensive medicine--the use of diagnostic and end-treatment measures explicitly for the purposes of averting malpractice suits--is frequently cited as one of the least desirable effects of the current rise in medical litigation. Many physicians and policy-makers claim that defensive medicine is responsible not only for the increasing costs of health care but the exposing of patients to significant risks of harm from unnecessary procedures. Very little solid information is available about defensive medicine. The studies that have been conducted have been fraught with statistical difficulties and are by no means definitive. Even more important than the issue of defensive medicine is the more basic problem of our system of compensation for medical injuries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tancredi, L R -- Barondess, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):879-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cesarean Section/utilization ; Child ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Craniocerebral Trauma/radiography ; *Defensive Medicine/economics ; Female ; Fetal Monitoring/utilization ; Humans ; *Malpractice/economics ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Pregnancy ; Quality of Health Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States
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  • 74
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    Pituitary-brain vascular relations: a new paradigm (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely, whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain function?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R M -- Page, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):18-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis/anatomy & histology ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/blood supply ; Pituitary Gland/*blood supply ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/blood supply ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 75
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    Opioid peptides modulate luteinizing hormone secretion during sexual maturation (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-16
    Description: Subcutaneous injections of naloxone, an opiate antagonist, lead to an increase in serum luteinizing hormone concentrations in female but not in male rats before they reach puberty. In addition, estradiol benzoate specifically blocks the luteinizing hormone response to naloxone in prepubertal female rats, suggesting that the opioid peptides have a physiological role in the endocrine events leading to sexual maturation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blank, M S -- Panerai, A E -- Friesen, H G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 16;203(4385):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424743" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood/*secretion ; Male ; Naloxone/antagonists & inhibitors/pharmacology ; Rats ; Secretory Rate/drug effects ; Sexual Maturation/*drug effects
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  • 76
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    New strength in the diet-disease link? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):666-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diet/*adverse effects ; Disease/*etiology ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Peer Review ; Preventive Medicine/methods ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 77
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    NIH deals gingerly with diet-disease link (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1175-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus/etiology ; Diet/*adverse effects ; Disease/*etiology ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/etiology ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Preventive Medicine ; United States
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  • 78
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    Metabolism of americium-241 in man: an unusual case of internal contamination of a child and his father (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The metabolism of americium-241 has been studied during an 8-year period in an adult male and his son who, at the ages of 50 and 4 years, respectively, were accidentally and unknowingly contaminated within their home by means of inhalation. Chelation therapy with calcium trisodium pentetate was more effective in enhancing the removal of americium-241 from the child than from the father.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, N -- Sasso, T L -- Wrenn, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Americium/*metabolism/poisoning ; Body Burden ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Chelating Agents/*therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged
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  • 79
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    Comparative biochemistry and drug design for infectious disease (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: In the past two decades, biochemistry and molecular biology have demonstrated the existence of potentially exploitable biochemical differences between etiologic agents of disease and their hosts. Known differences between organism and host with respect to metabolism and polymer structure point to the detailed characterization of key proteins as the focus for the development of potential inhibitors. In the last decade, the methodology of the isolation, characterization, and inactivation of proteins and enzymes has been advanced. The present scientific and technological base suggests that new efforts toward the development of selective chemotherapeutic agents for infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and higher eukaryotes should exploit the known differences in proteins or other specific biopolymers serving crucial structural or metabolic roles in the economy of the parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):964-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anti-Bacterial Agents ; *Antiviral Agents ; Communicable Diseases/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Mycobacterium leprae/metabolism ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Trypanosomiasis/drug therapy ; Vidarabine/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis ; Virus Replication/drug effects
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  • 80
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    Ingested mineral fibers: elimination in human urine (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Sediment in human urine examined by transmission electron microscopy contains amphibole fibers which originate from the ingestion of drinking water contaminated with these mineral fibers. The ingestion of filtered water results in the eventual disappearance of amphibole fibers from urine. These observations provide the first direct evidence for the passage of mineral fibers through the human gastro-intestinal mucosa under normal conditions of the alimentary canal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook, P M -- Olson, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):195-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/metabolism ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicon Dioxide/metabolism/*urine ; *Water Pollutants ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical
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  • 81
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    Approval sought for nerve gas pilot plant (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1164, 1166.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504999" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chemical Warfare Agents ; Containment of Biohazards ; United States
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  • 82
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    Preferential transmission of the Z deficient allele of alpha 1-antitrypsin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: The transmission of the Z deficient allele of alpha 1-antitrypsin was studied in 23 families, each with a single parent heterozygous for this allele. When the mother carried the Z allele, the distribution of phenotypes in the children did not differ significantly from the expected frequency. In contrast, when the father was the carrier, a significant increase of heterozygous phenotypes was observed in the children. This observation suggests that a selective advantage is associated with the expression of the Z allele in male gametes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chapuis-Cellier, C -- Arnaud, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):407-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/313077" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alleles ; Child ; Female ; Heterozygote Detection ; Humans ; Male ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sex Factors ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/genetics ; *alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
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  • 83
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    Transfer of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-02-09
    Description: Incubation with specific antigen, myelin basic protein, greatly enhances the ability of guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells to transfer experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Reproducibly successful transfers are obtained with 10(7) cells. With this relatively small number of cells, in vitro studies to determine the immunologic mechanisms involved in the disease process are now possible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Driscoll, B F -- Kies, M W -- Alvord, E C Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 9;203(4380):547-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83676" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens ; Ascitic Fluid/*cytology/immunology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Division ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology/*transmission ; Exudates and Transudates/immunology ; Guinea Pigs ; Immunization, Passive ; Male ; Myelin Basic Protein/immunology
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  • 84
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    Dispute over cancer risk quantification (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carter, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1324-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/106470" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzene/*toxicity ; *Carcinogens ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Environmental Exposure ; Government Agencies ; Legislation, Drug ; Risk ; United States
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  • 85
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    Baroreceptor activation reduces reactivity to noxious stimulation: implications for hypertension (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: The hypothesis was tested that an acute rise of blood pressure may reduce reactivity to noxious stimuli through a baroreceptor-mediated reduction of cerebral arousal. When blood pressure was raised by an infusion of phenylephrine, rats showed less running to terminate or avoid noxious stimuli than during saline infusions. This effect was not seen in rats with denervated baroreceptors. The results suggest that a rise of blood pressure could have motivational consequences significant for human hypertension.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dworkin, B R -- Filewich, R J -- Miller, N E -- Craigmyle, N -- Pickering, T G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1299-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/drug effects/*physiology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Hypertension/*physiopathology ; Male ; Motivation/physiology ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Pressoreceptors/*physiology ; Rats
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  • 86
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    Hormone changes triggered by aggression in a natural population of blackbirds (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-02
    Description: The concentrations of hormones in the plasma of male red-winged blackbirds caught at the height of an aggressive encounter are significantly different from those in males that have not recently engaged in aggressive behavior. Concentrations of luteinizing hormone in the plasma are decreased in the aggressive males, whereas androgen concentrations are affected in a more complex manner. Concentrations of corticoids do not appear to be affected by aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harding, C F -- Follett, B K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 2;203(4383):918-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/570304" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Birds/*physiology ; Corticosterone/blood ; Dihydrotestosterone/blood ; Hormones/*blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Testosterone/blood
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  • 87
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    Headache for Bristol-Myers (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):540-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493959" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advertising as Topic/standards ; Analgesics/*standards ; Aspirin/*standards ; Drug Industry/*standards ; Jurisprudence ; Nonprescription Drugs/*standards ; United States
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  • 88
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    Cerebral specialization, writing posture, and motor control of writing in left-handers (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: It has been suggested that the inverted hand position of left-handers during writing indicates the left hemisphere of their brain is linguistically specialized and that the writing of these left-handers may be controlled via ipsilateral pathways. Electroencephalograph alpha asymmetry measures at central and parietal leads, as well as dichotic tests, differentiated right-handers from left-handers, but not inverters from noninverters. Electroencephalograph differences between hand posture groups did appear, but only at occipital leads during reading and writing tasks. Regardless of hand posture or speech lateralization, the right central region of the brain is significantly involved in the control of left-handed writing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herron, J -- Galin, D -- Johnstone, J -- Ornstein, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1285-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472745" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Perception/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Movement ; *Posture ; Speech/physiology ; Visual Perception/physiology ; *Writing
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  • 89
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    Induction of copulatory behavior in sexually inactive rats by naloxine (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: The intraventricular injection of D-alanine-methionine-enkephalinamide (D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide), a synthetic analog of Met-enkephalin that is resistant to enzymatic degradation, inhibits copulatory behavior in sexually vigorous male rats in doses which do not influence motor activity or feeding behavior. This effect is prevented by naloxone, a specific inhibitor of opioid receptors. In addition, injections of naloxone induce copulatory behavior in sexually inactive male rats. These results suggest that endorphins play an important role in the regulation of sexual behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gessa, G L -- Paglietti, E -- Quarantotti, B P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):203-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copulation/*drug effects ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 90
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    Vascular smooth muscle cell kinetics: a new assay for studying patterns of cellular proliferation in vivo (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: A new quantitative assay for studying the kinetics of vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo is reported. The assay was used to determine the specific activity of DNA from rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells stimulated to grow by removal of the endothelial layer. The specific activity of the DNA was correlated with the rate of tritiated thymidine incorporation as measured by autoradiography and with the rate of DNA synthesis as estimated by direct measurement of cellular proliferation. Smooth muscle cells exhibit a 24-hour latent period in vivo prior to DNA synthesis; the synthesis peaks at 48 hours and then rapidly declines. The decline in DNA synthesis is not related to endothelial regrowth, and may be of homeostatic significance in limiting luminal stenosis. The assay offers a rapid and reliable alternative to autoradiographic and morphometric techniques for evaluating growth kinetics and growth regulation in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldberg, I D -- Stemerman, M B -- Schnipper, L E -- Ransil, B J -- Crooks, G W -- Fuhro, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):920-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/*cytology ; Arteriosclerosis/metabolism/pathology ; Cell Division ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Endothelium/cytology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth/*cytology/metabolism ; Rabbits
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  • 91
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    Electroencephalogram correlates of higher cortical functions (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-02-16
    Description: By means of two-stage, nonlinear multivariate pattern recognition, electroencephalograms (EEG's) were analyzed during performance of verbal and spatial tasks. Complex scalp distributions of theta-, beta-, and, to a lesser extent, alpha-band spectral intensities discriminated between the two members of a pair of tasks, such as writing sentences and Koh's block design. Small EEG asymmetries were probably attributable to limb movements and other uncontrolled noncognitive aspects of tasks. Significant EEG differences beteeen cognitive tasks were eliminated when controls for inter-task differences in efferent activity, stimulus characteristics, and performance-related factors were introduced. Each controlled task was associated with an approximately 10 percent reduction, as compared with visual fixation, in the magnitude of alpha- and beta-band spectral intensity. This effect occurred bilaterally and was approximately the same over occipital, parietal, and central regions, with some minor difference over the frontal region in the beta band. With these controls, no evidence for lateralization of different cognitive functions was found in the EEG.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gevins, A S -- Zeitlin, G M -- Doyle, J C -- Yingling, C D -- Schaffer, R E -- Callaway, E -- Yeager, C L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):665-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; *Electroencephalography ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/physiology ; Movement ; Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 92
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    Effect of beta-endorphin on calcium uptake in the brain (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The uptake of 45Ca2+ by nerve-ending fractions from brains of mice was inhibited in vitro by 10(-9)M concentrations of beta-endorphin and in mice injected intraventricularly with 7 picomoles of beta-endorphin. That the effect was a specific opiate agonist response of beta-endorphin was demonstrated by use of the opiate antagonist, naloxone, which reversed the action. A role for beta-endorphin in the regulation of calcium flux and neurotransmitter release should be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guerrero-Munoz, F -- de Lourdes Guerrero, M -- Way, E L -- Li, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):89-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Tolerance ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Rats ; Synaptosomes/*drug effects/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 93
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    Basic research in the United States (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Handler, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):474-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomy/history ; Biology/history ; Chemistry/history ; Environment ; Government Agencies/history ; History, 20th Century ; Physics/history ; *Research Support as Topic ; Science/*history ; Social Sciences/history ; United States ; Universities/history/manpower
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    Cerebral norepinephrine: influence on cortical oxidative metabolism in situ (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Unilateral lesion of the locus coeruleus and the resultant norepinephrine depletion in the ipsilateral cerebrum alters the relationship between cerebral metabolic demands and local delivery of oxygen and substrates. This effect of norepinephrine depletion is demonstrated by slower recovery of the redox ratio of cytochrome a,a3 during increased metabolic demands induced by local cortical stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harik, S I -- LaManna, J C -- Light, A I -- Rosenthal, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):69-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Cytochromes/*metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; Evoked Potentials ; Locus Coeruleus/*physiology ; Male ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Rats ; Spectrophotometry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Human skin fibroblasts derived from papillary and reticular dermis: differences in growth potential in vitro (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: Papillary fibroblasts, when compared to reticular fibroblasts from the same skin specimen, exhibit greater proliferative capacities in vitro. These results demonstrate a difference in function between morphologically similar cells obtained from the same tissue. Such findings represent an important consideration in the study of cell aging in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harper, R A -- Grove, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):526-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Humans ; Male ; Skin/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    Ketone bodies are selectively used by individual brain regions (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-20
    Description: Close study of 3-hydroxybutyrate uptake by brain suggests that its metabolism is limited by permeability. Furthermore, the permeability characteristics vary from region to region; areas known to have no blood-brain barrier show the highest rate of utilization. The results imply that rather than substitute fuels, ketone bodies should be considered supplements which partially supply specific areas but are incapable of supporting the entire energy requirement of all brain regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hawkins, R A -- Biebuyck, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 20;205(4403):325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/*metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Hydroxybutyrates/metabolism ; Ketone Bodies/*metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Starvation/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    Cancer and environment: Higginson speaks out (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Higginson, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1363-4, 1366.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472753" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior ; *Carcinogens ; Diet ; *Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Neoplasms/*etiology ; Stress, Psychological/complications
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Environmental health research (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hiatt, H H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1361.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Environmental Health ; Research ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Stimulation of human periaqueductal gray for pain relief increases immunoreactive beta-endorphin in ventricular fluid (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-19
    Description: Immunoreactive beta-endorphin was measured in the ventricular fluid of six patients with chronic pain. Stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter in three patients with pain of peripheral origin resulted in significant increases (50 to 300 percent) in the concentration of ventricular immunoreactive beta-endorphin. In three other patients suffering deafferentation dysesthesia, stimulation of the posterior limb of the internal capsule did not alter the concentration of this peptide. These results provide evidence of the release of human immunoreactive beta-endorphin in vivo and suggest that naloxone-reversible pain relief achieved by stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter may be in part mediated by the activation of beta-endorphin-rich diencephalic areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hosobuchi, Y -- Rossier, J -- Bloom, F E -- Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 19;203(4377):279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Brain/*physiology ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Electric Stimulation ; Endorphins/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Enkephalins/cerebrospinal fluid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palliative Care/methods ; Radioimmunoassay
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Mammary cancer: selective action of the estrogen receptor complex (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-26
    Description: Progesterone receptors in the autonomous rat mammary tumor MTW-9B are reduced 80 to 90 percent after ovariectomy, but are not reduced if ovariectomized animals are given estrogen. Tumor growth, however, is independent of estrogen status and insensitive to pharmacological doses of estradiol. This represents an unusual system characterized by a selective action of an inducing agent on the genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ip, M -- Milholland, R J -- Rosen, F -- Kim, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 26;203(4378):361-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism/pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis/drug effects/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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