Publication Date:
2002-10-05
Description:
Comparison of the genomes and proteomes of the two diptera Anopheles gambiae and Drosophila melanogaster, which diverged about 250 million years ago, reveals considerable similarities. However, numerous differences are also observed; some of these must reflect the selection and subsequent adaptation associated with different ecologies and life strategies. Almost half of the genes in both genomes are interpreted as orthologs and show an average sequence identity of about 56%, which is slightly lower than that observed between the orthologs of the pufferfish and human (diverged about 450 million years ago). This indicates that these two insects diverged considerably faster than vertebrates. Aligned sequences reveal that orthologous genes have retained only half of their intron/exon structure, indicating that intron gains or losses have occurred at a rate of about one per gene per 125 million years. Chromosomal arms exhibit significant remnants of homology between the two species, although only 34% of the genes colocalize in small "microsyntenic" clusters, and major interarm transfers as well as intra-arm shuffling of gene order are detected.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zdobnov, Evgeny M -- von Mering, Christian -- Letunic, Ivica -- Torrents, David -- Suyama, Mikita -- Copley, Richard R -- Christophides, George K -- Thomasova, Dana -- Holt, Robert A -- Subramanian, G Mani -- Mueller, Hans-Michael -- Dimopoulos, George -- Law, John H -- Wells, Michael A -- Birney, Ewan -- Charlab, Rosane -- Halpern, Aaron L -- Kokoza, Elena -- Kraft, Cheryl L -- Lai, Zhongwu -- Lewis, Suzanna -- Louis, Christos -- Barillas-Mury, Carolina -- Nusskern, Deborah -- Rubin, Gerald M -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Sutton, Granger G -- Topalis, Pantelis -- Wides, Ron -- Wincker, Patrick -- Yandell, Mark -- Collins, Frank H -- Ribeiro, Jose -- Gelbart, William M -- Kafatos, Fotis C -- Bork, Peer -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):149-59.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
Anopheles/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
;
Biological Evolution
;
Chromosome Inversion
;
Chromosomes/genetics
;
Cluster Analysis
;
Dosage Compensation, Genetic
;
Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/genetics/physiology
;
Drosophila melanogaster/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
;
Exons
;
Gene Order
;
Genes, Insect
;
*Genome
;
Insect Proteins/chemistry/genetics/physiology
;
Introns
;
Physical Chromosome Mapping
;
Protein Structure, Tertiary
;
*Proteome
;
Pseudogenes
;
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
;
Species Specificity
;
Synteny
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
Permalink
