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  • Mice  (9)
  • Genetic Variation/*genetics  (4)
  • Genome-Wide Association Study  (3)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (13)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • Springer
  • 2005-2009  (13)
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1
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    Mouse development with a single E2F activator (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-07-03
    Description: The E2F family is conserved from Caenorhabditis elegans to mammals, with some family members having transcription activation functions and others having repressor functions. Whereas C. elegans and Drosophila melanogaster have a single E2F activator protein and repressor protein, mammals have at least three activator and five repressor proteins. Why such genetic complexity evolved in mammals is not known. To begin to evaluate this genetic complexity, we targeted the inactivation of the entire subset of activators, E2f1, E2f2, E2f3a and E2f3b, singly or in combination in mice. We demonstrate that E2f3a is sufficient to support mouse embryonic and postnatal development. Remarkably, expression of E2f3b or E2f1 from the E2f3a locus (E2f3a(3bki) or E2f3a(1ki), respectively) suppressed all the postnatal phenotypes associated with the inactivation of E2f3a. We conclude that there is significant functional redundancy among activators and that the specific requirement for E2f3a during postnatal development is dictated by regulatory sequences governing its selective spatiotemporal expression and not by its intrinsic protein functions. These findings provide a molecular basis for the observed specificity among E2F activators during development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4288824/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4288824/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsai, Shih-Yin -- Opavsky, Rene -- Sharma, Nidhi -- Wu, Lizhao -- Naidu, Shan -- Nolan, Eric -- Feria-Arias, Enrique -- Timmers, Cynthia -- Opavska, Jana -- de Bruin, Alain -- Chong, Jean-Leon -- Trikha, Prashant -- Fernandez, Soledad A -- Stromberg, Paul -- Rosol, Thomas J -- Leone, Gustavo -- K01CA102328/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01CA097189/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA121275/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA121275-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA121275/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA85619/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01HD042619/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01HD047470/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T32CA106196/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 28;454(7208):1137-41. doi: 10.1038/nature07066. Epub 2008 Jun 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18594513" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; E2F Transcription Factors/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; E2F1 Transcription Factor/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; E2F2 Transcription Factor/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; E2F3 Transcription Factor/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Embryo Loss/genetics ; Embryo, Mammalian/embryology/metabolism ; *Embryonic Development/genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Genotype ; *Growth/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    New role of bone morphogenetic protein 7 in brown adipogenesis and energy expenditure (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-08-23
    Description: Adipose tissue is central to the regulation of energy balance. Two functionally different types of fat are present in mammals: white adipose tissue, the primary site of triglyceride storage, and brown adipose tissue, which is specialized in energy expenditure and can counteract obesity. Factors that specify the developmental fate and function of white and brown adipose tissue remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that whereas some members of the family of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) support white adipocyte differentiation, BMP7 singularly promotes differentiation of brown preadipocytes even in the absence of the normally required hormonal induction cocktail. BMP7 activates a full program of brown adipogenesis including induction of early regulators of brown fat fate PRDM16 (PR-domain-containing 16; ref. 4) and PGC-1alpha (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) coactivator-1alpha; ref. 5), increased expression of the brown-fat-defining marker uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and adipogenic transcription factors PPARgamma and CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs), and induction of mitochondrial biogenesis via p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase-(also known as Mapk14) and PGC-1-dependent pathways. Moreover, BMP7 triggers commitment of mesenchymal progenitor cells to a brown adipocyte lineage, and implantation of these cells into nude mice results in development of adipose tissue containing mostly brown adipocytes. Bmp7 knockout embryos show a marked paucity of brown fat and an almost complete absence of UCP1. Adenoviral-mediated expression of BMP7 in mice results in a significant increase in brown, but not white, fat mass and leads to an increase in energy expenditure and a reduction in weight gain. These data reveal an important role of BMP7 in promoting brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis in vivo and in vitro, and provide a potential new therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2745972/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2745972/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tseng, Yu-Hua -- Kokkotou, Efi -- Schulz, Tim J -- Huang, Tian Lian -- Winnay, Jonathon N -- Taniguchi, Cullen M -- Tran, T Thien -- Suzuki, Ryo -- Espinoza, Daniel O -- Yamamoto, Yuji -- Ahrens, Molly J -- Dudley, Andrew T -- Norris, Andrew W -- Kulkarni, Rohit N -- Kahn, C Ronald -- K08 DK064906/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K08 DK64906/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK040561/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK040561-13/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK46200/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK 060837/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK077097/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK077097-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK077097-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK67536/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK070722/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK070722-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21 DK070722-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 21;454(7207):1000-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07221.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section on Obesity and Hormone Action, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. yu-hua.tseng@joslin.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18719589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3-L1 Cells ; *Adipogenesis ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/*growth & development/*metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, White/growth & development ; Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; *Energy Metabolism/genetics ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Nude ; Mitochondria/physiology ; Thermogenesis ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/*metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    HDAC2 negatively regulates memory formation and synaptic plasticity (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-05-09
    Description: Chromatin modifications, especially histone-tail acetylation, have been implicated in memory formation. Increased histone-tail acetylation induced by inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACis) facilitates learning and memory in wild-type mice as well as in mouse models of neurodegeneration. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of HDACis requires knowledge of the specific HDAC family member(s) linked to cognitive enhancement. Here we show that neuron-specific overexpression of HDAC2, but not that of HDAC1, decreased dendritic spine density, synapse number, synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Conversely, Hdac2 deficiency resulted in increased synapse number and memory facilitation, similar to chronic treatment with HDACis in mice. Notably, reduced synapse number and learning impairment of HDAC2-overexpressing mice were ameliorated by chronic treatment with HDACis. Correspondingly, treatment with HDACis failed to further facilitate memory formation in Hdac2-deficient mice. Furthermore, analysis of promoter occupancy revealed an association of HDAC2 with the promoters of genes implicated in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Taken together, our results suggest that HDAC2 functions in modulating synaptic plasticity and long-lasting changes of neural circuits, which in turn negatively regulates learning and memory. These observations encourage the development and testing of HDAC2-selective inhibitors for human diseases associated with memory impairment.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3498958/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3498958/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guan, Ji-Song -- Haggarty, Stephen J -- Giacometti, Emanuela -- Dannenberg, Jan-Hermen -- Joseph, Nadine -- Gao, Jun -- Nieland, Thomas J F -- Zhou, Ying -- Wang, Xinyu -- Mazitschek, Ralph -- Bradner, James E -- DePinho, Ronald A -- Jaenisch, Rudolf -- Tsai, Li-Huei -- R01 DA028301/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DA028301-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS051874/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 May 7;459(7243):55-60. doi: 10.1038/nature07925.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19424149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Butyrates/pharmacology ; Dendritic Spines/physiology ; Electrical Synapses/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Histone Deacetylase 1 ; Histone Deacetylase 2 ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; Histone Deacetylases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology ; Learning/drug effects ; Male ; Memory/drug effects/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Neurons/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Repressor Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Sodium/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Pten in stromal fibroblasts suppresses mammary epithelial tumours (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-10-23
    Description: The tumour stroma is believed to contribute to some of the most malignant characteristics of epithelial tumours. However, signalling between stromal and tumour cells is complex and remains poorly understood. Here we show that the genetic inactivation of Pten in stromal fibroblasts of mouse mammary glands accelerated the initiation, progression and malignant transformation of mammary epithelial tumours. This was associated with the massive remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), innate immune cell infiltration and increased angiogenesis. Loss of Pten in stromal fibroblasts led to increased expression, phosphorylation (T72) and recruitment of Ets2 to target promoters known to be involved in these processes. Remarkably, Ets2 inactivation in Pten stroma-deleted tumours ameliorated disruption of the tumour microenvironment and was sufficient to decrease tumour growth and progression. Global gene expression profiling of mammary stromal cells identified a Pten-specific signature that was highly represented in the tumour stroma of patients with breast cancer. These findings identify the Pten-Ets2 axis as a critical stroma-specific signalling pathway that suppresses mammary epithelial tumours.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2767301/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2767301/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trimboli, Anthony J -- Cantemir-Stone, Carmen Z -- Li, Fu -- Wallace, Julie A -- Merchant, Anand -- Creasap, Nicholas -- Thompson, John C -- Caserta, Enrico -- Wang, Hui -- Chong, Jean-Leon -- Naidu, Shan -- Wei, Guo -- Sharma, Sudarshana M -- Stephens, Julie A -- Fernandez, Soledad A -- Gurcan, Metin N -- Weinstein, Michael B -- Barsky, Sanford H -- Yee, Lisa -- Rosol, Thomas J -- Stromberg, Paul C -- Robinson, Michael L -- Pepin, Francois -- Hallett, Michael -- Park, Morag -- Ostrowski, Michael C -- Leone, Gustavo -- P01 CA097189/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA097189-050002/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01CA097189/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA053271/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA085619/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA085619-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA121275/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA121275-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD047470/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD047470-05/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01CA053271/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA85619/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01HD47470/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Oct 22;461(7267):1084-91. doi: 10.1038/nature08486.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19847259" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/*metabolism/*pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/*metabolism ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/*metabolism/*pathology ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-2/deficiency/metabolism ; Stromal Cells/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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  • 5
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    Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-08-18
    Description: Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects 170 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of cirrhosis in North America. Although the recommended treatment for chronic infection involves a 48-week course of peginterferon-alpha-2b (PegIFN-alpha-2b) or -alpha-2a (PegIFN-alpha-2a) combined with ribavirin (RBV), it is well known that many patients will not be cured by treatment, and that patients of European ancestry have a significantly higher probability of being cured than patients of African ancestry. In addition to limited efficacy, treatment is often poorly tolerated because of side effects that prevent some patients from completing therapy. For these reasons, identification of the determinants of response to treatment is a high priority. Here we report that a genetic polymorphism near the IL28B gene, encoding interferon-lambda-3 (IFN-lambda-3), is associated with an approximately twofold change in response to treatment, both among patients of European ancestry (P = 1.06 x 10(-25)) and African-Americans (P = 2.06 x 10(-3)). Because the genotype leading to better response is in substantially greater frequency in European than African populations, this genetic polymorphism also explains approximately half of the difference in response rates between African-Americans and patients of European ancestry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ge, Dongliang -- Fellay, Jacques -- Thompson, Alexander J -- Simon, Jason S -- Shianna, Kevin V -- Urban, Thomas J -- Heinzen, Erin L -- Qiu, Ping -- Bertelsen, Arthur H -- Muir, Andrew J -- Sulkowski, Mark -- McHutchison, John G -- Goldstein, David B -- England -- Nature. 2009 Sep 17;461(7262):399-401. doi: 10.1038/nature08309. Epub 2009 Aug 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19684573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Americans/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19/genetics ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Europe/ethnology ; Far East/ethnology ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus/*drug effects ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/*drug therapy/ethnology/*genetics/virology ; Hispanic Americans/genetics ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha/adverse effects/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Interleukins/*genetics ; Pharmacogenetics ; Polyethylene Glycols/adverse effects/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; *Viral Load
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    MicroRNA-21 contributes to myocardial disease by stimulating MAP kinase signalling in fibroblasts (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-12-02
    Description: MicroRNAs comprise a broad class of small non-coding RNAs that control expression of complementary target messenger RNAs. Dysregulation of microRNAs by several mechanisms has been described in various disease states including cardiac disease. Whereas previous studies of cardiac disease have focused on microRNAs that are primarily expressed in cardiomyocytes, the role of microRNAs expressed in other cell types of the heart is unclear. Here we show that microRNA-21 (miR-21, also known as Mirn21) regulates the ERK-MAP kinase signalling pathway in cardiac fibroblasts, which has impacts on global cardiac structure and function. miR-21 levels are increased selectively in fibroblasts of the failing heart, augmenting ERK-MAP kinase activity through inhibition of sprouty homologue 1 (Spry1). This mechanism regulates fibroblast survival and growth factor secretion, apparently controlling the extent of interstitial fibrosis and cardiac hypertrophy. In vivo silencing of miR-21 by a specific antagomir in a mouse pressure-overload-induced disease model reduces cardiac ERK-MAP kinase activity, inhibits interstitial fibrosis and attenuates cardiac dysfunction. These findings reveal that microRNAs can contribute to myocardial disease by an effect in cardiac fibroblasts. Our results validate miR-21 as a disease target in heart failure and establish the therapeutic efficacy of microRNA therapeutic intervention in a cardiovascular disease setting.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thum, Thomas -- Gross, Carina -- Fiedler, Jan -- Fischer, Thomas -- Kissler, Stephan -- Bussen, Markus -- Galuppo, Paolo -- Just, Steffen -- Rottbauer, Wolfgang -- Frantz, Stefan -- Castoldi, Mirco -- Soutschek, Jurgen -- Koteliansky, Victor -- Rosenwald, Andreas -- Basson, M Albert -- Licht, Jonathan D -- Pena, John T R -- Rouhanifard, Sara H -- Muckenthaler, Martina U -- Tuschl, Thomas -- Martin, Gail R -- Bauersachs, Johann -- Engelhardt, Stefan -- R01 CA059998/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA78711/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Dec 18;456(7224):980-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07511. Epub 2008 Nov 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine I, Interdisziplinares Zentrum fur Klinische Forschung (IZKF), University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19043405" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cardiomyopathies/*genetics/*metabolism/pathology/therapy ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/*metabolism ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; *MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; MicroRNAs/*genetics ; Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology/metabolism ; Rats
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  • 7
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    Essential role for Nix in autophagic maturation of erythroid cells (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2008-05-06
    Description: Erythroid cells undergo enucleation and the removal of organelles during terminal differentiation. Although autophagy has been suggested to mediate the elimination of organelles for erythroid maturation, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain undefined. Here we report a role for a Bcl-2 family member, Nix (also called Bnip3L), in the regulation of erythroid maturation through mitochondrial autophagy. Nix(-/-) mice developed anaemia with reduced mature erythrocytes and compensatory expansion of erythroid precursors. Erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of Nix(-/-) mice exhibited mitochondrial retention and reduced lifespan in vivo. Although the clearance of ribosomes proceeded normally in the absence of Nix, the entry of mitochondria into autophagosomes for clearance was defective. Deficiency in Nix inhibited the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)), and treatment with uncoupling chemicals or a BH3 mimetic induced the loss of DeltaPsi(m) and restored the sequestration of mitochondria into autophagosomes in Nix(-/-) erythroid cells. These results suggest that Nix-dependent loss of DeltaPsi(m) is important for targeting the mitochondria into autophagosomes for clearance during erythroid maturation, and interference with this function impairs erythroid maturation and results in anaemia. Our study may also provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial quality control involving mitochondrial autophagy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2570948/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2570948/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sandoval, Hector -- Thiagarajan, Perumal -- Dasgupta, Swapan K -- Schumacher, Armin -- Prchal, Josef T -- Chen, Min -- Wang, Jin -- F31 AI058932/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI056210/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI056210-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074949/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074949-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM087710/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Jul 10;454(7201):232-5. doi: 10.1038/nature07006. Epub 2008 May 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18454133" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; *Autophagy/drug effects ; Biphenyl Compounds/pharmacology ; Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone/pharmacology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/drug effects ; Erythroid Cells/*cytology/drug effects/*metabolism ; *Erythropoiesis/drug effects ; Membrane Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mitochondria/drug effects/metabolism/pathology ; Mitochondrial Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Nitrophenols/pharmacology ; Piperazines/pharmacology ; Reticulocytes/cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Sulfonamides/pharmacology
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  • 8
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    Hax1-mediated processing of HtrA2 by Parl allows survival of lymphocytes and neurons (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-22
    Description: Cytokines affect a variety of cellular functions, including regulation of cell numbers by suppression of programmed cell death. Suppression of apoptosis requires receptor signalling through the activation of Janus kinases and the subsequent regulation of members of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family. Here we demonstrate that a Bcl-2-family-related protein, Hax1, is required to suppress apoptosis in lymphocytes and neurons. Suppression requires the interaction of Hax1 with the mitochondrial proteases Parl (presenilin-associated, rhomboid-like) and HtrA2 (high-temperature-regulated A2, also known as Omi). These interactions allow Hax1 to present HtrA2 to Parl, and thereby facilitates the processing of HtrA2 to the active protease localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. In mouse lymphocytes, the presence of processed HtrA2 prevents the accumulation of mitochondrial-outer-membrane-associated activated Bax, an event that initiates apoptosis. Together, the results identify a previously unknown sequence of interactions involving a Bcl-2-family-related protein and mitochondrial proteases in the ability to resist the induction of apoptosis when cytokines are limiting.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chao, Jyh-Rong -- Parganas, Evan -- Boyd, Kelli -- Hong, Cheol Yi -- Opferman, Joseph T -- Ihle, James N -- England -- Nature. 2008 Mar 6;452(7183):98-102. doi: 10.1038/nature06604. Epub 2008 Feb 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18288109" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Survival ; Genes, Lethal ; Lymphocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Metalloproteases/deficiency/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondrial Proteins/chemistry/deficiency/*metabolism ; Neurons/cytology/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; *Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Serine Endopeptidases/chemistry/*metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Copy number variation at 1q21.1 associated with neuroblastoma (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-06-19
    Description: Common copy number variations (CNVs) represent a significant source of genetic diversity, yet their influence on phenotypic variability, including disease susceptibility, remains poorly understood. To address this problem in human cancer, we performed a genome-wide association study of CNVs in the childhood cancer neuroblastoma, a disease in which single nucleotide polymorphism variations are known to influence susceptibility. We first genotyped 846 Caucasian neuroblastoma patients and 803 healthy Caucasian controls at approximately 550,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms, and performed a CNV-based test for association. We then replicated significant observations in two independent sample sets comprised of a total of 595 cases and 3,357 controls. Here we describe the identification of a common CNV at chromosome 1q21.1 associated with neuroblastoma in the discovery set, which was confirmed in both replication sets. This CNV was validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, fluorescent in situ hybridization and analysis of matched tumour specimens, and was shown to be heritable in an independent set of 713 cancer-free parent-offspring trios. We identified a previously unknown transcript within the CNV that showed high sequence similarity to several neuroblastoma breakpoint family (NBPF) genes and represents a new member of this gene family (NBPF23). This transcript was preferentially expressed in fetal brain and fetal sympathetic nervous tissues, and the expression level was strictly correlated with CNV state in neuroblastoma cells. These data demonstrate that inherited copy number variation at 1q21.1 is associated with neuroblastoma and implicate a previously unknown neuroblastoma breakpoint family gene in early tumorigenesis of this childhood cancer.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2755253/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2755253/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diskin, Sharon J -- Hou, Cuiping -- Glessner, Joseph T -- Attiyeh, Edward F -- Laudenslager, Marci -- Bosse, Kristopher -- Cole, Kristina -- Mosse, Yael P -- Wood, Andrew -- Lynch, Jill E -- Pecor, Katlyn -- Diamond, Maura -- Winter, Cynthia -- Wang, Kai -- Kim, Cecilia -- Geiger, Elizabeth A -- McGrady, Patrick W -- Blakemore, Alexandra I F -- London, Wendy B -- Shaikh, Tamim H -- Bradfield, Jonathan -- Grant, Struan F A -- Li, Hongzhe -- Devoto, Marcella -- Rappaport, Eric R -- Hakonarson, Hakon -- Maris, John M -- GM081519/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R00 CA151869/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA087847/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA087847-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA124709/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA124709-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA124709/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA87847/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32-HG000046/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U10 CA098543/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U10 CA098543-07/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U10-CA98543/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 18;459(7249):987-91. doi: 10.1038/nature08035.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19536264" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Chromosome Breakage ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/*genetics ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Fetus/metabolism ; Gene Dosage/*genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genotype ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Neuroblastoma/*genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Reproducibility of Results
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The pluripotency factor Oct4 interacts with Ctcf and also controls X-chromosome pairing and counting (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2009-06-19
    Description: Pluripotency of embryonic stem (ES) cells is controlled by defined transcription factors. During differentiation, mouse ES cells undergo global epigenetic reprogramming, as exemplified by X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in which one female X chromosome is silenced to achieve gene dosage parity between the sexes. Somatic XCI is regulated by homologous X-chromosome pairing and counting, and by the random choice of future active and inactive X chromosomes. XCI and cell differentiation are tightly coupled, as blocking one process compromises the other and dedifferentiation of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells is accompanied by X chromosome reactivation. Recent evidence suggests coupling of Xist expression to pluripotency factors occurs, but how the two are interconnected remains unknown. Here we show that Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1) lies at the top of the XCI hierarchy, and regulates XCI by triggering X-chromosome pairing and counting. Oct4 directly binds Tsix and Xite, two regulatory noncoding RNA genes of the X-inactivation centre, and also complexes with XCI trans-factors, Ctcf and Yy1 (ref. 17), through protein-protein interactions. Depletion of Oct4 blocks homologous X-chromosome pairing and results in the inactivation of both X chromosomes in female cells. Thus, we have identified the first trans-factor that regulates counting, and ascribed new functions to Oct4 during X-chromosome reprogramming.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3057664/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3057664/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Donohoe, Mary E -- Silva, Susana S -- Pinter, Stefan F -- Xu, Na -- Lee, Jeannie T -- GM58839/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM058839/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM058839-10/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 2;460(7251):128-32. doi: 10.1038/nature08098. Epub 2009 Jun 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19536159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; *Chromosome Pairing ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics ; Repressor Proteins/*metabolism ; SOXB1 Transcription Factors ; Transcriptional Activation ; X Chromosome/*genetics/*metabolism ; X Chromosome Inactivation/*genetics ; YY1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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