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  • 42.60  (133)
  • Springer  (133)
  • 1980-1984  (90)
  • 1975-1979  (43)
  • 1950-1954
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  • Springer  (133)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequencies of some optically pumped submillimetre laser lines (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 10 (1976), S. 187-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 06
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Precise frequencies of far infrared (FIR-) laser lines of HCOOH, CH3OH, CH3I, CH3F have been measured by comparison with harmonics of frequency-locked mm-wave klystrons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00896338
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman scattering and optical susceptibilities of Nd-doped glasses (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 167-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.30 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The absolute Raman scattering cross-sections of three Neodymium-doped glasses have been measured. These cross-sections have been used to determine the nonlinear optical susceptibility tensor of the three glasses. We have estimated the relative contributions of the “electronic” and “nuclear” nonlinearities to self-focusing index for linearly polarized light in these glasses. We have also performed numerical computations of the Hibert transform of our Raman scattering cross-sections, which are useful in the prediction of any other nonlinear effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00920598
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superradiative rare gas halide lasers excited by electric discharge (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract High-power stimulated radiation was obtained in three fluorides of rare gases by exciting a high pressure mixture of He+R+SF6 (R is argon, krypton, xenon) by a pulse electric discharge (mixture pressure ranged from 1 to 10 atm). The ArF laser superradiance spectrum of about 15 Å total width with the centre at λ=1932 Å is given. The ArF laser power wasP≈104 W. The KrF laser generated 2 ns pulses of about 2.5 MW power at λ=2486 Å with a linewidth Δλ≈10 Å. This laser efficiency in relation to the stored energy of an accumulator is about 0.2%. In the XeF laserP=200 to 300 kW, τ=3 to 3.5 ns, λ=3511, 3531 Å. High density of superradiance power is observed. The prospects of increase of mean power of excimer lasers are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900068
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Passive mode locking of a ruby laser using a birefringent crystal and a fractional-commensurate cavity length (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 171-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mode-locked operation has been observed in a Q-switched, ruby laser using a quartz crystal as the passvie mode-locking element and a laser cavity length which is a whole fraction of that which is commensurate in mode-frequency spacing with the lowfrequency stimulated Brillouin scattering (lf S BS) in the crystal element. In addition, high-bit-rate operation has been observed, suggesting that the passive modulation of the lf S BS process is sufficiently strong to maintain a fixed-phase relation between several neighboring oscillating modes of the laser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00920599
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decay rate measurements of upper laser level in He-Cd+ laser (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 203-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The decay rate of2 D 5/2 level of Cd II has been measured by the magnetic-field power-dip method. The decay rate at the zero-pressure limit is found to be 2.4·106s−1. The calculated collision cross section for excited Cd ions with He atoms equals 0.91·10−15 cm2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00920608
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forced rayleigh-scattering in ruby from 50 to 300 K (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 209-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 66 ; 78.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spatially periodic temperature distributions were induced in ruby by superimposing two light waves of a Q-switched, frequency doubled Nd: YAG laser. The amplitude and decay time of the resulting thermal phase grating was measured by diffraction of an argon laser beam. Experimental results are compared with solutions of the heat conduction equation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882482
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 1 MWP-terphenyl dye laser (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 267-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract P-terphenyl in cyclohexane, has been pumped by a KrF laser in a longitudinal configuration. Dye laser pulses of 11 mJ, 1 MW were obtained with over 10% conversion efficiency. N2 purge of the dye solution is shown to increase the conversion efficiency. The tuning curve between 321.8 nm and 365.3 nm is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882891
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collective and single-electron interactions of electron beams with electromagnetic waves, and free-electron lasers (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 16 (1978), S. 121-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.60 ; 84
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The field of radiation emission from electron beams is reviewed with special reference to work related to free-electron lasers. Different schemes of interaction in periodic structures, electromagnetic slow-wave structures, and in transverse confining force are distinguished. Various effects and devices such as traveling wave amplifiers, Smith-Purcell radiators, Cerenkov and bremsstrahlung-free electron lasers, cyclotron resonance masers, coherent bremsstrahlung and channeling radiation are discussed and the differences and relations among them are explained. A simple comprehensive model is developed to describe electron-beam interaction with an electromagnetic wave in periodic electromagnetic structures. The model is general enough to describe both collective and single-electron modes of interaction and quantum mechanical, classical and Fermi degenerate regimes. Simplified expressions are developed for the gain by stimulated emission of radiation and for gain conditions of the Smith-Purcell-Cerenkov type free-electron lasers under conditions of very thin electron beams and infinite interaction length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930376
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen-laser-pumped single-mode dye laser (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 41-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Single-mode operation of a N2-laser-pumped'dye laser has been obtained in a short laser cavity consisting of a diffraction grating used near grazing incidence and an uncoated resonant reflector. The dye laser pulse has a spectral linewidth of 420±30 MHz and a pulse width of 1.1±0.1 ns, giving a time-bandwidth of 0.46±0.07 close to the Fourier transform limit for Gaussian pulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885028
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-frequency discharge stability of waveguide He-Ne lasers (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 405-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 52.40 ; 52.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The paper deals with the small-signal behavior and the stability of discharges in narrow capillaries. A theory is presented, which assumes that the time constants of the particle balance and the wall sheath extension determine the small signal behavior of a positive column. The column admittance is used to analyze the stability of an electric circuit typical for a He−Ne waveguide laser discharge. Numerical evaluation shows qualitative agreement of the experimental and the theoretical stability diagrams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886213
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser isotope separation of carbon by multiple IR photon and subsequent UV excitation of CF3I molecules (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 427-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new approach to laser isotope separation is considered. It is based on collisionless multiple photon ir laser excitation and subsequent uv laser dissociation of vibrationally excited molecules. TEA CO2 and excimer XeF, XeCl lasers are used for ir excitation and uv dissociation, respectively. The products of photolysis (C2F6) are enriched with12C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886219
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial-spectral structure of superluminosity in a high-pressure gas discharge (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 421-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 78.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spatial-spectral characteristics of superluminosity of a high-pressure N 2 + laser have been studied both theoretically and experimentally. The observed characteristics are explained by using the concepts on emission of a thermal source that is limited in time and space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899697
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The SRS line-shaped nonlinear resonance in consideration of flight effects (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 225-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 32
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate the problem of nonlinear interaction of a gas of three-level atoms with the field of standing waves in the situation where the atomic free path length at the initial and final metastable levels is comparable with the transverse dimensions of the field. The standing waves are resonant to adjacent Doppler-broadened transitions. The case of fields of Gaussian profile is analysed. It has been shown that in the limiting case of large free path length the nonlinear resonance width is of the order of the inverse time of flight of an atom in the field. The first and second derivatives of resonance with respect to frequency are considered. It has been shown that in the situation of flight they contain narrow resonant structures with a width of the order of a homogeneous width of the forbidden transition between metastable levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932402
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunable infrared generation using the 6s−5d Raman transition in caesium vapour (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Coherent infrared radiation tunable between 1.6 and 3.2 μm was generated with a pulsed dye laser by 6s−5d 5/2 stimulated electronic Raman scattering in caesium vapour. We describe a technique using thermal dissociation to reduce the density of caesium dimers in a heat-pipe oven, which produced a factor of 7 reduction in Raman threshold. The threshold displayed a marked dependence on pump bandwidth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886169
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simplification of the helical TE N2 laser (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 319-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the observation that the helical TE N2 laser can effectively be simplified by giving up the use of decoupling elements as well as by abolishing the segmentation of the electrode structure. Although, as a consequence of this simplification, the operating pressure range was slightly decreased, the output power could be improved by roughly 30%, a result which is attributed to the new electrode geometry exhibiting lower inductance and lower damping losses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00895921
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient behaviour of pulsed dye lasers (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Some aspects of the transient behaviour of pulsed dye lasers are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Relaxation oscillations induced in the output from a dye cell by an external reflector have been observed and explained, using a rate equation approximation to the physical situation in the dye cell. These oscillations are shown to play an important part in the generation of short laser pulses from long cavity dye lasers. Finally, it is proposed that 10 ps pulses can be obtained from conventional dye lasers pumped by 100 ps pulses from a high-pressure nitrogen laser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00895927
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incorporation of oxygen atoms into As+ implanted silicon during cw CO2 laser annealing in O2 (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 71-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 61.80 ; 78.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract By annealing Si layers amorphised by ion-implantation with a cw CO2 laser beam in oxygen rich environments, it has been possible to incorporate O atoms into the recrystallized lattice. Absorption measurements on such regrown layers by infrared spectrometry have shown that the impurities are preferentially bonded into substitutional lattice sites, rather than existing interstitially. Supplementary RHEED studies have indicated thatβ-cristobalite, a crystalline form of SiO2, has been formed. These investigations highlight the importance of the ambient during cw laser annealing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616307
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Full-automatic broad-band wavelength control of a pulsed dye laser (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 331-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 06.60 ; 42.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A full-automatic wavelength controled pulsed dye laser has been developed. With the control system, dye laser oscillations of nanosecond pulses are tuned to any wavelength in the visible or scanned in any sweep mode keeping the nearly transform-limited bandwidth of 0.45 GHz. A mechanical tuning of the wavelength is employed, such that the motion of three wavelength selectors is synchronized to give a smooth and precise wavelength control. The basic principle underlying the tuning scheme, various requirements to be met in system construction, and the practical performance of automatic wavelength control are described in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899731
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High precision wavelength meter with Fabry-Perot optics (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 25 (1981), S. 311-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 07.40 ; 07.60 ; 42.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A high precision wavelength meter in the visible is described, which is based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer with several etalons of different resolution. The interference fringe pattern projected on a photo-diode array detector is computationally processed to give a stepwise refinement of the wavelength value to any adjusted accuracy. The present model intends to provide digital and real-time values of high precision wavelength for dye-laser spectroscopy, and to serve as a monitor or as a pilot for wavelength control of a dye-laser source of nanosecond pulses. The model is, therefore, designed with particular emphasis on its short-pulse capability and on-line mode of operation as well as on its high sensitivity and resolution. Some arrangements of essential necessity are involved therein, such as to avoid an errorneous wavelength readout for a noisy incidence of pulsed field. The ultimate accuracy of wavelength measurement is prescribed by the resolving power of the thickest etalon employed. As applied to the pulsed source, the model determines the wavelength to the accuracy of ±one part in 107 for even a single shot nanosecond incidence of a fraction of μJ energy. The design and performance are described in connection to pulsed dye-laser incidence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00902989
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atomic nitrogen laser action in a hollow cathode discharge (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 227-229 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 34.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Near-infrared laser action of nitrogen atoms was obtained in a hollow cathode discharge. Four laser lines at wavelengths of 1358.2, 939.3, 938.7, and 862.9 nm were observed in the cw mode. In addition, the laser line at 904.6 nm was observed in quasi-cw operation in the afterglow for the first time. It is supposed that resonant charge exchange between He+ and N2 followed by predissociation of N 2 + is an important way of populating the upper laser levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692542
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extension of frequency measurements with Schottky diodes to the 4 THz range (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 167-168 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 07.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The 11th harmonic mixing signals between a 386 GHz oscillator and a 4.25 THz laser with a signal to noise ratio of 25 dB in 100 kHz bandwidth have been obtained with a Schottky diode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697434
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
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    UV-laser induced photo-oxidation of aqueous benzene solutions: Formation of phenol (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 191-194 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 35 ; 36 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Aqueous solutions of benzene were irradiated by focussed KrF laser light. The formation of phenol together with varying amounts of 1.3-cyclopentadiene-1-carboxaldehyde was shown by uv absorption measurements. A mechanism for this photo-oxidation via benzene radical cations produced by 2-photon ionization of benzene is proposed. Comparative gas phase laser experiments and experiments with unfocussed laser beams were consistent with previous results using incoherent light sources.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697440
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  • 23
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    New lasers, VUV sources (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 198-207 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697846
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  • 24
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    Laser plasmas (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 290-296 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 50 ; 34 ; 32.50 ; 42.60 ; 61.80 ; 62 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697858
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  • 25
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    Free electron laser (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 157-158 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688657
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  • 26
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    Nonlinear laser spectroscopy (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 160-169 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32 ; 35 ; 42.65 ; 32 ; 33 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688659
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  • 27
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    Picosecond pulses and applications (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 176-179 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688661
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  • 28
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    Laser plasmas (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 186-188 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688664
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  • 29
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    Magnetic field effect measurements by time-selective absorption sampling (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 15-17 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 35 ; 07.65 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An absorption method which permits time-selective measurements at different wavelengths has been developed in order to explore magnetic field effects on photoinduced electron transfer reactions in linked and unlinked donor-acceptor systems.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693901
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  • 30
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    Transverse mode dynamics in a free-electron laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 9-16 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.20 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We derive the most general equations of motion for the electrons and the electromagnetic field in a free-electron laser including the effects of diffraction and pulse propagation. The field evolution is expressed in terms of the amplitudes and phases of a complete set of transverse modes. The analytic solution is given in the small-signal regime, where the theory is shown to be in excellent agreement with a recent experiment at Orsay.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690020
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  • 31
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    Prospects for vapor-phase dye lasers (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 63-74 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 78.30 ; 78.60
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    Notes: Abstract This review covers the field of vapor-phase dye lasers (VPDL) with special emphasis on prospects of gas lasers with optical pumping. Some peculiarities of the gaseous active medium and a possibility to control its density near the critical point are discussed. High specific laser energies (∼0.3J/cm−3), low thresholds, and high efficiencies (20–40%) made it possible to construct a powerful tunable VPDL.
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    Dye-laser frequency stabilization using optical resonators (1984)
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    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 179-185 
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    Keywords: 06 ; 07.60 ; 42.60
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We describe a study, performed using heterodyne techniques, of the frequency fluctuations of two completely independent ring dye lasers locked to independent reference cavities. Single laser linewidths of less than 750 Hz were achieved, the principal limitation being residual vibrations from the noisy laboratory environment. With future design and environmental improvements, ultranarrow linewidths are expected thus providing a useful tool for a great variety of high precision experiments.
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    Picosecond gain dynamics of KrF (1984)
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    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 219-223 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We describe the generation of excimer-laser pulses of 〈10 ps pulse width and up to 40 mJ pulse energy at 248.5 nm and their use in the measurement of ps gain dynamics in a KrF amplifier. Small-signal gain of 〉2×104, saturation energy density of 2.0 mJ/cm2, and gain recovery time of 4 ns were measured. In contrast to XeCl* no short-gain rcovery time was found in KrF* and the stored inversion could be fully depleted bya single ps pulse.
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    Proposal for the measuring molecular velocity vector with single-pulse coherent Raman spectroscopy (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 49-52 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Methods for simultaneous measurements of more than one flow velocity component using coherent Raman spectroscopy are proposed. It is demonstrated that using a kilowatt broad-band probe pulse (3–30 GHz) along with a megawatt narrow-band pump pulse (∼100 MHz), coherent Raman signal resulting from a single laser pulse is sufficient to produce a high-resolution Raman spectrum for a velocity measurement.
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    A cw uv copper hollow cathode laser in the 260 nm region (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 127-135 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract A cw uv copper hollow cathode laser is described, which could be operated for a longer time duration with an output power of 7 mW in the 260 nm region. A double-cathode configuration with a protection for the mirrors from metal-vapour deposition is presented. Characteristics of the laser output power, the spontaneous emission, and the ion densities in the negative glow were measured as depending on the discharge current, the neon gas pressure, and the size of the cathode slit. The observed saturation of the laser output power at high discharge current (1 A/cm2) and the optimum slot size are discussed.
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    On the high-voltage regime of the discharge in hollow-cathode tube (1984)
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    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 17-21 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 52.00 ; 42.60
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A comparison of the operating characteristics of the high-voltage regime of the discharge in a hollow-cathode tube, the hollow-canthode discharge (HCD) and the discharge to a plane cathode are presented. The disappearnce of the hollow-cathode effect and the transition to a high-voltage discharge after inserting several anode rods into the cathode cylinder is exhibited. The similarity between the operating characteristics of such a high-voltage discharge and of a plane cathode discharge is shown. The loss of ions at the anode rods, as well at insulators or floating conductors is believed to be the reason behind the increase of the operating voltage and the disappearance of HCD characteristics. Practical means of increasing the operating voltage are mentioned.
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    An investigation of laser-induced fluorescence for measuring velocity distributions of neutral atoms using a CW dye laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 83-93 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32.80 ; 42.60 ; 6.30
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The velocity distribution of evaporated Zr atoms has been measured by means of laser-induced fluorescence using a cw dye laser by scanning the laser line across the Doppler-broadened absorption line profile of the atoms. It is shown that the experimental data can be explained on the basis of an excitation theory for a three-level system developed from basic principles. It was calculated that the probability for an atom to be in the excited state mainly depends on the radiation-power density of the laser and on the residence time of the atom in the exciting laser light. It was found that the laser frequency must be well stabilized in order to meet the assumptions in the excitation calculation. Otherwise deviations to the theoretical predictions appear in the experimental results due to the jitter of the dye laser.
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    Simultaneous phase-lock of five CO2 lasers to a primary Cs frequency standard (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 119-122 
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    Keywords: 42.72 ; 42.80 ; 42.60
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The output of a CO2 laser, operating on theP I(18) transition of13C16O2 at 26941 GHz (11.128 μm) was phase-locked to a 5 MHz signal from a primary Cs frequency standard by means of a frequency chain having only CO2 lasers as infrared sources. Simultaneously, four other CO2 lasers in the chain were phase-locked to the 26941 GHz output. This provided CO2 laser frequencies at 26 450 305, 26 940 815, 28 694 625, 29 442 480, and 33 185 715 MHz having zero long-term-average frequency error relative to the Cs standard, and the ±10−13 (≃3 Hz) long-term absolute uncertainty of the standard.
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    Power resonances in a Raman gas laser (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 75-79 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 32
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The observation of a new type of resonance due to double-quantum transitions in the standing-wave field of a Raman gas laser is reported. A resonance dip with a width equal to that of the optically forbidden transition was experimentally detected in the output-vs-timing curve of a Raman Ne laser (λ=1.15 m) upon pumping by radiation of a He−Ne laser at 1.52 m. The theory presented shows that the resonance arises in the third order of perturbation theory when in resonant SRS the line is inhomogeneously broadened. The resonance can be considered as resulting from the overlap of dips in the velocity distribution of the nonlinear polarization induced by the standing laser wave.
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    Laser emission from polished NdP5O14 crystals with directly applied mirrors (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 121-130 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on crystal processing, laser fabrication, emission spectra and output characteristics of neodymium pentaphosphate lasers. We obtained cw oscillation with an output power of 19 mW from a crystal with dielectric mirrors directly applied on polished (001) planes. We pumped longitudinally with 280 mW of an argon ion laser at 514 nm focussed to a 94-μm diameter. Near threshold our laser operated in the vicinity of 1053 nm; when pumped 1.6 times threshold it operated dominantly in the vicinity of 1063 nm.
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    Excitation of aliphatic tertiary amines by electrical discharge (1976)
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 175-177 
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    Keywords: 82.50 ; 42.60
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Trimethylamine and triethylamine are shown to luminesce at their wavelengths of fluorescence when excited by electrical discharge. When excited at low pressures or at high frequencies, a longer wavelength emission is observed at 380 nm. This emission, rather than being due to excimers which are known to exist for some tertiary aliphatic amines, is shown to be due to emission from a decomposition product. Lasing using electrical discharge pumping was attempted, but yielded negative results due to the rapid decomposition. Optical pumping might be successful however, and produce a tunable gas-phase ultraviolet laser
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  • 42
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    Unidirectional saturation spectroscopy, II (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 107-120 
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    Keywords: 32 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract The general probe absorption coefficient derived in Part I is specialized to homogeneous- and inhomogeneous-broadening limits and illustrated as the dipole lifetime is increased from 0 to values comparable to the level lifetimes. This progression reveals the relation between pulsation dips of the short-dipole lifetime limit and the dynamic Stark effect in general. Interpretations of the coherent interactions involved are given in terms of modulator and Raman effects and of dressed atoms. The single-probe unidirectional pulsation dip is shown to be a special case of the grating dip in which the fringe spacing becomes infinite. Analogies with three-level systems are given in which both two and three-level cases are seen to obey an “equal-area theorem”, and to involve level crossing. Some comparison is made with corresponding spectroscopy in which spontaneous emission provides the probe radiation.
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    A prism anamorphic system for Gaussian beam expander (1978)
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    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 131-136 
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    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.60 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract Basic properties are given of the prism anamorphic expander of a Gaussian beam composed of a couple of prisms in tandem. Its shorter overall length for a given expansion, relative ease of optical adjustment, a sharp selection of polarization component, and rather small inclusive dispersion make it an excellent beam expander in a specific laser cavity. The design principle is presented of the prism system with a grating for an anastigmatic optical resonator for a dye laser of narrow linewidth and of short pulse duration.
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    Raman scattering resonances in separated fields (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 217-220 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 32
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    Notes: Abstract The effects in separated standing-wave fields that are resonant to adjacent Doppler-broadened transitions of many-level atoms are studied. It is shown that due to coherent transfer, at large distances, of polarization on a forbidden transition between the initial and final metastable levels of atoms in a gas, light emission arises at combination frequencies. It is also shown that a resonance with the width reciprocal to the time of flight between separated fields is available in the Raman scattering and absorption line shapes.
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    Fast frequency control of a cw dye jet laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 181-184 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract For frequency stabilization of a cw dye laser a very fast reacting piezo mirror translator with 350 kHz lowest resonance frequency has been developed. If it is driven by appropriate control electronics it allows to suppress efficiently fast frequency changes of the jet stream dye laser. The remaining frequency jitter is 270 kHz rms for full-bandwidth detection; it drops to a few kHz if a filter time constant of 100 μs is used.
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    Simulation on intensity self-pulsation in cw semiconductor lasers (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 67-73 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 85.60
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    Notes: Abstract Intensity self-pulsation in cw semiconductor lasers has been analyzed by computer simulation assuming saturable absorbing characteristics in the loss term of the rate equation. A loss decrease of about 1% due to the saturable absorber is capable of generating self-pulsation. The theoretical pumping dependence of the self-pulsation frequency is consistent with the experimental data. Reflected light in the range of 10−5∼10−3 reduces the self-pulsation. Reflected light of larger than 10−2, however, induces self pulsation whose frequency is locked with the round trip time. The contribution of spontaneous emission in the range of 10−4∼10−3 also reduces the self-pulsation, while 10−6∼10−5 is ineffective.
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    Shorter dye laser wavelengths from substitutedp-terphenyls (1979)
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    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 283-286 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 78.30 ; 82.50
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    Notes: Abstract The spectral and laser characteristics of 14 CH3-, CF3-, and F-substitutedp-terphenyls have been investigated. 2,2″-dimethyl-p-terphenyl in cyclohexane solution exhibits a shortest tuned laser wavelength of 311.2 nm, thus extending the range of dye laser emission by 1000 cm−1 in the uv. Peak output powers of 1.5 MW and 14% conversion efficiency at 332 nm were obtained under KrF-laser pumping in an untuned cavity.
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    Periodic pulse solutions of a laser consisting of a pair of amplifiers mode locked by a fast saturable absorber (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 213-218 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract We present periodic solutions, which are described in terms of Jacobian elliptic functions, for the steady state pulses from a laser system consisting of a pair of amplifiers of unequal relaxation time mode locked by a “fast” saturable absorber. The pulsewidth and the average power in the pulse are expressed interms of the system parameters through two different approaches, where detailed plots are given for one of the approaches. Summary of the characters to be possessed by the amplifier pair to ensure the reliable production of shortest possible pulses is given.
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    Solvent effects on the gain of rhodamine 6G (1980)
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    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 253-258 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 78.30 ; 78.60
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    Notes: Abstract The effect of solvents on the gain and the peaks of gain spectra is investigated for rhodamine 6G (R6G) under nitrogen laser pumping. The non-specific solute-solvent interaction for R6G is found to be mainly dispersive. Additional shifts produced for R6G in certain solvents are explained as due to hydrogen bonding. The gain characteristics are interpreted on the basis of the position and overlap of absorption and fluorescence spectra, the quantum yield, the absorption at the pumping wavelength and the refractive index of the solvent. For the solvents studied it is found that R6G has high gain in solvents with low refractive index and high polarity. Amongst the solvents studied the alcohols displayed the highest gain with methanol being the most suitable solvent. The lowest gain amongst the alcohols was with capryllic alcohol which gave a gain that was 69% of that obtained with methanol. Amongst all the solvents studied the lowest gain was with chloroform, being only 34% of the gain in methanol.
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    A monochromatic and frequency stabilized cw source in the 5 μm region obtained by doubling the frequencies of a cw laser in tellurium (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 21-22 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65
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    Notes: Abstract In this paper we describe the construction of a monochromatic and frequency stabilized continuous wave (cw) source in the 5 μm region. It is built up by a cw single line, single-mode frequency and amplitude stabilized CO2 laser. This primary CO2 laser source is then frequency-doubled in a tellurium crystal using second harmonic generation (SHG). The obtained emission is monochromatic (half-width 50 kHz). The frequency can be varied discreetly from 4.6 μm to 5.5 μ depending on the CO2 laser line chosen.
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    Stabilization method of an infrared two-wavelength laser (1981)
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    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 65-66 
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    Keywords: 42.72.+h ; 42.55.Fn ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract A simple method for stabilizing a He-Xe laser, which simultaneously operates at two wavelengths of 3.51 μm and 3.37 μm, is described. This stabilization method depends on the comparison of the light intensities of the two wavelengths, and has a possibility of realizing a stability of better than 1×10−8 with unmodulated output.
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    Theory of the synchronously pumped picosecond dye laser (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 27-37 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract The circulation of a synchronously mode locked dye laser pulse in a linear cavity configuration containing a dye cell as an active medium and a bandwidth-limiting element is treated. The condition that the pulse shape reproduces after each cavity round-trip provides a nonlinear integro-differential equation for the steady-state pulse shape. For the solution of this equation an approximate method, not limited to small pulse energies, is given and the pulse duration, intensity, energy, asymmetry of the pulse shape, stable regions and other interesting parameters are discussed.
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    Theory of passively mode-locked cw dye lasers (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 105-113 
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    Notes: Abstract The circulation of an ultrashort light pulse in a continuously pumped modelocked dye laser with a linear cavity configuration containing the active dye, the saturable absorber and a bandwidth-limiting elements is treated. The steady-state condition that the pulse shape reproduces after each cavity round-trip leads to a nonlinear integro-differential equation for this pulse shape. An approximate method for the solution of this equation not limited to the case of low laser gain and small pulse energies is given. The stable single pulse region and characteristic pulse parameters, as energy, duration, intensity and asymmetry, are considered in dependence on the laser parameters.
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    Waveguide CW 118.6 μm H2O laser (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 123-128 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract This paper reports results of an experimental study of a cw 118.6 μm H2O waveguide laser. The laser cavity is a 3 cm inner diameter, 3.2 m long Pyrex tube, with plane reflectors against its ends, one of them being a copper mesh coupler. The active medium is a H2O:H2 gas mixture. Successive optimizations lead to a reliable output power of 50 mW, for the EH11 mode. The power density is the highest ever reported, and the stability is such that the power drifts by less than 2% per hour. This laser is competitive with the optically pumped 118.8 μm CH3OH laser.
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    UV laser photochemistry of acetylene at 193 nm (1982)
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    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 183-186 
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    Keywords: 35 ; 36 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract ArF laser photolysis of acetylene at 193 nm yields diacetylene, ethylene and hydrogen (besides a polymer). No benzene or vinylacetylene is formed. Photolysis with deuterium gives no deuterated compounds. These observations are taken as evidence for a pure excited-molecule mechanism based upon C2H 2 * (1 A u).
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    New lasers (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 124-130 
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    F-center-laser. Superconductivity (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 306-310 
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    Keywords: 68 ; 42.70 ; 42.60 ; 61.70 ; 61.50 ; 42.80 ; 29
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    Picosecond pulses and applications (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 172-179 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 07.65
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    CO2-laser isotope separation of tritium with pentafluoroethane-T (C2TF5) (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 341-348 
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    Keywords: 82.50 ; 82.40 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract Isotope separation of tritium by CO2 laser-induced multiphoton dissociation (MPD) of C2TF5 is reported for the first time. The MPD spectrum obtained for C2TF5 comprised a broad peak at about 940 cm−1 where C2HF5 was nearly transparent. The unimolecular dissociation of C2TF5 was induced with much lower laser fluence than that for CTF3, another working molecule we proposed for laser isotope separation of tritium. The mechanisms and kinetics of the dissociation of C2TF5 and C2HF5 were investigated under various experimental conditions: laser frequency, pulse energy, pulse duration, tritium concentration, sample pressure, buffer gas pressure and irradiation geometry. Single-step separation factors exceeding 500 were achieved with the most efficientP(20) line in 00o–10o0 transition at 944.2 cm−1.
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    Simultaneous, spatially resolved monitoring of C2 and OH in a C2H2/O2 flame using a diode array detector (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 93-97 
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    Keywords: 33 ; 42.60 ; 82.40
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    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous, spatially resolved monitoring of C2 and OH in a flame is reported. Data could be captured in 10 ns employing two pulsed lasers and a diode array detector. Laser-production of C2 was also observed and a kinetic study of such molecules was performed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692769
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    Laser action of C, N, O, F, Cl, and Br in hollow cathode discharges (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 111-115 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 34.70
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    Notes: Abstract C, N, O, F, Cl, and Br red and infrared laser emission was investigated using hollow cathode discharges in gas mixtures of helium and molecules containing the corresponding atoms. A total of 33 laser lines with wavelengths from 0.7 to 2.0μm was observed. Three laser lines of atomic C, five laser lines of atomic N, two laser lines of atomic Cl and five laser lines of atomic Br were observed for the first time. Dissociation charge transfer and dissociative excitation transfer are suggested as being responsible for populating the upper laser levels.
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    Further study of continuous-wave CO flame chemical laser of the CS2/O2/N2O type (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 29-33 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract This report describes an experimental examination of the output characteristics of the continuous-wave (cw) carbon monoxide flame chemical laser (FCL) of the CS2/O2/N2O type in case of small CS2/O2 reactants ratios (tipically CS2/O2≦1/10). A linear burner which gives a homogeneous and stable flame was used during the experimental study. The measurements of temperature distribution in CS2/O2 as well as CS2/O2/N2O flames show maximum temperatures of 1040 and 890 K, respectively. The addition of nitrous oxide (N2O) leads to dramatically enhanced output laser power caused primarily by V−V transfer processes. A chemical efficiency, based on the reaction O+CS→CO*+S, of 3% was achieved. The spectral composition of the CO FCL of the CS2/O2/N2O type shows lasing in the region from 5.130 to 5.586 μm. Experimental results were obtained with a nondispersive optical cavity.
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    The bi-directional amplifier in the constant intensity approximation and its application to KrF lasers (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 5-10 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract Bi-directional and folded laser amplifiers are analysed in the constant intensity approximation. Simple analytical expressions are developed for gain, output intensity and extraction efficiency. The analysis is applied to electron-beam pumped KrF lasers and expressions for saturation intensity, small-signal gain coefficient and intrinsic efficiency in terms of gas composition and pump power per unit volume are given. The problem of fluorine burn-up in KrF lasers is discussed. Under certain conditions the analysis is shown to be equally applicable to oscillators and comparison is made with previous experimental results and computer code predictions.
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    Thermochemical instability of transparent media induced by an absorbing inclusion (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 85-88 
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    Keywords: 82.50 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract The initial stage of thermochemical instability induced by an absorbing inclusion within a transparent matrix, which irradiated by a laser beam, is studied. The instability results in a low threshold (formally non-threshold) optical breakdown of the matrix. It is brought about by the additional absorption of the laser light by the products of the chemical reactions in the matrix. The instability is characterized by a certain induction time when the rate of the chemical reactions is almost steady. When the induction is over, their rate rapidly increases. Theoretical estimate of the induction time are offered. The experimental study of the induction time dependence on the laser-beam intensity confirmed the theoretical estimation.
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    A discussion of the problem of determining multiple lifetimes from picosecond absorption recovery data as encountered in two carbocyanine dyes (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 235-247 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65 ; 61.60
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    Notes: Abstract Absorption recovery kinetics data on the picosecond time-scale of a high signalto-noise ratio can be obtained by using continuously operating synchronously modelocked dye lasers. We show that such data make it possible to determine multiple exponential decays with small differences in rate constants. We also show that an absolute prerequisite to accomplish this is that the measurements are performed at a number of different wavelengths, and that the decays are monitored in a time interval corresponding to several lifetimes. These considerations are demonstrated by measurements on two carbocyanine dyes, DQOCI and pinacyanol, respectively.
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    Laser isotope separation of tritium from deuterium: CO2-laser-induced multiphoton dissociation of C2TF5 in C2DF5 (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 33-34 
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    Keywords: 82.50 ; 82.40 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract Isotope separation of tritium from deuterium in heavy water was attempted by CO2-laser-induced, highly-selective multiphoton dissociation of C2TF5 present in C2DF5. Single-step T/D separation factors exceeding 3000, 1000, and 500 were attained, respectively, for the first time with CO2 laser 10P(34) 931.0 cm−1 at 10, 20, and 30 Torr pentafluoroethane pressures at −78 °C (i.e., equivalent to 15, 30, and 45 Torr at room temperature).
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    Laser photoion projector (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 57-61 
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    Keywords: 33 ; 42.60 ; 82.50
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    Notes: Abstract A laser photodesorption microscope has been applied to obtain 4×103-fold images of rhodamine crystals on a tip with a diameter of 66μm. Peculiarities of the formation of these images have been studied with different values of electric field strength on the tip and laser pulse intensities.
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    Mirror problems of a cw argon-ion laser at high output power (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 75-77 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.30 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract We report upon some experiments done on a continuous-wave argon-ion laser which offers 300 W output power in the visible and 34 W in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, limited by the degradation of the resonator mirrors. To avoid destruction of the outcoupling mirror, a folded three-mirror instead of a two-mirror cavity was tried, resulting in nearly the same output power.
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    Excimer-laser-pumped ps-dye laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 95-98 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract Generation of single dye laser pulses of 12 ps pulse width (FWHM) and 1.2 mJ pulse energy is described using only one XeCl-excimer laser as pump source. At 1 Hz pulse repetition rate the stability of amplitude and pulse width of these pulses is excellent.
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    A laser optical method for the determination of tropospheric OH concentrations (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 103-113 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.68 ; 42.80 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract A long-path absorption procedure for the determination of tropospheric OH concentrations is described in detail. Initial measurements using this method were carried out in Frankfurt a. M. By including in the evaluation the visible radiation of a frequencydoubled dye laser used in the measurements, it was possible to mathematically reduce the signal fluctuations caused by the scattering and density fluctuations of tropospheric air. The resulting detection limit was 3×106 OH per cm3. SO2 concentrations which had to be simultaneously determined in order to eliminate an interference effect, could be detected in the range of 1–40 ppb on the absorption path.
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    Tritium isotope separation by CO2-laser irradiation at low temperatures (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 33 (1984), S. 83-90 
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    Keywords: 82.50 ; 82.40 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract Tritium isotope separation by CO2-laser induced multiphoton dissociation of CTF3 is investigated. For the optimization of the performance of this working substance, trifluoromethane, the conditions to yield high-selectivity at high-operating pressure and low-critical fluence for complete dissociation are studied using our deconvolution procedure. The irradiation conditions are varied over the following ranges; wavenumber: 1052–1087 cm−1, gas temperature: 25°C to −78°C, CHF3 pressure: 5–205 Torr. The selectivities exceeding 104 are observed for 85–205 Torr CHF3 at −78°C by the irradiation at 1057 cm−1.
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    Quantitative lidar at 532 nm for vertical extinction profiles and the effect of relative humidity (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 187-189 
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    Keywords: 42.68 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract An analysis of 532 nm lidar data is presented for the retrieval of vertical extinction profiles. The strong influence of the relative humidity on the extinction-to-backscatter ratio is parametrized for this purpose. A comparison is made between remotely sensed and locally measured extinction coefficients, using reference values in aircraft and at ground level.
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    A subpicosecond dye laser pumped by a xenon ion laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 191-192 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract A pulsed xenon ion laser has been used to pump a rhodamine 6G dye laser utilizing a ring resonator. The dye laser has been passively mode-locked; a pulsewidth of 0.5 ps and a 50 kW peak power have been obtained.
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    Conditions for the harmonic-like and efficient amplitude modulation of the cw gaussian laser beam by means of a mechanical chopper (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 1-4 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract The values of the chopping disc slot and mark space widths relative to the radius of the Gaussian beam are found, which achieve optimum harmonic-like and efficient amplitude modulation of the cw laser beam. The simple approximation for the waveform of the modulated laser power valid for these optimum or near optimum values of the chopping disc parameters is presented.
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    Energy transfer in slab dye lasers (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 71-75 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.55 ; 42.72
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    Notes: Abstract A simple model of the energy transfer between a booster dye and the active dye in a flashlamp pumped planar waveguide dye laser is described. Analytical results are compared with experiments for several dyes in the 600–650 nm region. A twofold increase of laser output was found at a wavelength (630 nm) which is of particular interest for several applications.
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    Independently controllable multiline emission from a TEA CO2 laser (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 123-126 
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    Keywords: 42.50 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract Spatial separation of wavelengths in a CO2-laser resonator helps to avoid competitions. We have achieved this by means of a nearly concentric resonator with a grating or prism in its center. Thus, we demonstrated independent multiline emission with a variety of output spectra. The temporal sequence of the lines was conveniently controlled by varying their losses.
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    Small-signal gain of Free Electron Laser in a resonator Gaussian mode (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 163-166 
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    Keywords: 42.50 ; 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract We present an analytical expression for the small-signal gain of a Free Electron Laser (FEL) in the presence of a Gaussian mode. To describe the electron beam evolution we use the one-dimensional (1-d) Vlasov equation. Our perturbation result, valid for small values of the parameterq (length of the undulatorL divided by the Rayleigh rangeZ R), can be extrapolated to values ofq≈4÷5.
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    High-order harmonic mixing with Schottky diodes in the FIR region (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 199-200 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 07.60
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    Notes: Abstract We report results of harmonic mixing experiments between millimetric oscillators and FIR laser radiations up to 3 THz, using micrometer-size Schottky-barrier diodes. Signal-to-noise ratios suitable for precise frequency counting have been obtained for harmonic numbers up to 40.
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    A new blue-green XeF (C→A) excimer laser amplifier concept (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 227-231 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
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    Notes: Abstract The feasibility of using the electrically excited XeF(C»A) excimer medium as an efficient wideband amplifier in the blue-green region of the spectrum has been investigated. Calculations show that for an intense blue-green optical flux input the amplification characteristics of XeF(C»A) improve, as a result of both bleaching of the pump induced absorbers and by additional production of XeF(C) level population. The removal of one of the major absorbing species, Xe** in the XeF (C»A) laser mixture by means of a pulsed ruby laser probe beam has been demonstrated.
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    Effect of resonant laser light upon a fast-atom charge-exchange source (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 233-236 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 07.77 ; 34.50
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    Notes: Abstract The effect of resonant laser-light upon a charge-exchange source of eV-range sodium atoms is to decrease the Na kinetic energy by about 2 eV. The mechanism probably involves a reduction of the space charge in the low-energy ion precursors. The reduction is caused by electrons created in collisional ionization of laser-excited atoms. This is related to the well-known optogalvanic effect. A knowledge of the existence of this effect can be important for the design of experiments involving laser driven chemistry.
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    The waveguide laser: A review (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 1-33 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present article reviews the fundamental physical principles essential to an understanding of waveguide gas and liquid lasers, and the current technological state of these devices. At the present time, waveguide laser transitions span the visible through submillimeter regions of the wavelength spectrum. The introduction discusses the many applications of waveguide lasers and the wide variety of laser configurations that are possible. Section 1 summarizes the properties of modes in hollow dielectric waveguides of circular, rectangular, and planar cross section. Section 2 considers various approaches to optical feedback including internal and external mirror Fabry-Perot type resonators, hollow waveguide distributed feedback structures, and ring-resonant configurations. Section 3 discusses those aspects of molecular kinetic and laser theory pertinent to the design and optimization of waveguide gas lasers such as the scaling laws for discharge-excited gas lasers, molecular models useful in maximizing the oscillation bandwidth, the effects of gas flow rate, and the physics of optically-pumped far-infrared lasers. Finally, a review of the waveguide gas and liquid lasers reported to date is given in Section 4.
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    Order transition at the threshold for self-excited laser pulses (1976)
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    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 47-53 
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The laser-light field is shown to undergo a discontinuous order transition at the threshold for mode-locked pulses, accompanied by critical fluctuations below the transition point. These observations confirm theoretical predictions from the laser equations for a simplified model when incoherent interaction is included.
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    Planar dye lasers in isotropic and anisotropic oriented media (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 357-361 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 61.20
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Planar dye lasers in isotropic and anisotropic media are described. Isotropic structures supporting real modes are considered as well as leaky modes. The anisotropic structure is obtained with an oriented liquid crystal which can be made to lase in both the nematic and smectic phase.
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    A simple theory of the laser-induced damage in semiconductors (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 31-37 
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    Keywords: 42.60 ; 72.20
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple theory is presented for the laser-induced damage in semiconductors in the range of low irradiation intensities. This theory avoids the solution of coupled differential equations, and takes into account characteristic physical properties of semiconductors—i.e. energy gap, carrier lifetime, and surface recombination velocity. The deduced equations permit us to estimate the damage threshold, or the minimum irradiation time required for damage to occur. Comparison is made with some experimental results reported in the literature and a reasonable agreement is found.
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    A tunable, single mode, injection-locked flashlamp pumped dye laser (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 69-74 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A tunable, very narrow bandwidth, flashpumped dye laser is described. Publse energies up to 50 mJ at a bandwidth of less than 30 MHz, and with a divergence of 0.4 mrad, are obtained. Spectral narrowing and tuning is achieved by injection locking of the pulsed laser to the radiation, of a tunable cw dye laser. The cavity is designed for single longitudinal and transverse mode operation, with a mode diameter large enough to fill the active medium.
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    Peltier cooled PbSe double-heterostructure lasers for IR-gas spectroscopy (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 277-281 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract PbS−PbSe−PbS double-heterostructure lasers have been pulse-operated at about 200 K mounted on 4 stage thermoelectric coolers. Emitting at a wavelength of about 5.5 μm they could be used for NO gas spectroscopy. Operation temperatures of up to 230 K have been achieved with structures consisting ofn-type PbS substrates and epitaxial layers ofn-type PbSe and Tl dopedp-type PbS. The temperature dependence of the threshold current density and the emission wavelength of these DH-lasers was compared with PbSe-homojunction lasers. The use of a germanium etalon for a quick evaluation of the spectral quality of the emitted radiation is described.
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    Resonance amplifier model describing diode lasers coupled to short external resonators (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 12 (1977), S. 369-378 
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    Keywords: 42.60
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model of a regenerative resonance amplifier has been used to describe Fabry-Perot GaAs diode lasers coupled to short external resonators. The optical gain and the equivalent input of the resonance amplifier are controlled by means of appropriate rate equations. Homogeneous line-broadening and proportionality between gain and electron density have been assumed in this approach. The model was applied to a diode laser coupled to an external plane mirror placed at a variable distance from one diode mirror. A numerical evaluation of the coupling coefficient between laser and external cavity enables to predict the measured power output and mode selective properties of the coupled system. A similar analysis was done for diode lasers coupled to external hemispherical resonators. The model calculation confirms the previously demonstrated mode selective properties of the hemispherical configuration which permitted stable single mode operation.
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  • 88
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    Resonance excitation of excitons in a semiconductor by ultrashort frequency-tunable light pulses (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 423-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.60 ; 78.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An investigation was made of the peculiarities of propagation of frequencytunable powerful ultrashort light pulses (USLP) in a sample of CdS0,4Se0,6 (77K) under resonance excitation of excitons. The peculiarities of resonance interaction of USLP with the semiconductor may be fairly well explained by the dominant effect of self-induced transparency on excitons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886162
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  • 89
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    Method for measuring elastooptical constants of solids (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 251-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.20 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spherical aberration observed in the far-field diffraction pattern of a He−Ne laser beam traversing a silica plate locally heated by a CO2-laser is investigated. This leads to a thermooptical method suitable to evaluate the effective derivative of the refractive index and elastooptical method suitable to evaluate the effective derivative of the refractive index and elastooptical coefficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886026
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  • 90
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    Coherence time measurement of picosecond pulses by a light-induced grating method (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The temporal coherence function |Γ(τ)| of picosecond pulses from a Nd: YAG laser has been measured by diffraction at a transient grating. The coherence timet c =7 ps is small compared to the pulse widtht p =22 ps but is in correspondence with the spectral bandwidth Δv=12·1010 Hz. The new method for measuring the coherence function |Γ(τ)| is discussed and compared with a previous experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886171
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  • 91
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    Excimers and excimer lasers (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 95-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The development of excimers and excimer lasers are reviewed. The excimers of the noble gases (Xe 2 * , Kr 2 * , Ar 2 * ) and of the noble gas halides (e.g. KrF, XeCl) which, respectively, radiate in the vacuum ultra-violet and ultra-violet regions of the spectrum are described in terms of their structure, spectroscopy and formation kinetics and the methods of pumping, operational characteristics and applications of the lasers are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900671
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  • 92
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    Wide-range line-tunable oscillation of an optically pumped NH3 laser (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 237-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60 ; 34.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Selective single-line oscillation has been obtained from an NH3 laser in the range from 11 to 13 μm. Pumping of high pressure NH3−He mixture with theR(30) line of a TEA-CO2 laser made it possible to tune on more than 30 lines with the aid of a grating. However, such line tunable oscillation was not observed when theR(16) line was used for pumping. Reasons for this difference are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886173
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  • 93
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    The lanthanideβ″ aluminas (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 159-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 66.30 ; 61.70 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The entire sodium ion content of sodiumβ″ alumina (Na1.67Mg0.67Al10.33O17) can be replaced with a variety of lanthanide ions by simple diffusion reactions at moderate temperatures (500–700°C). Lanthanideβ″ alumina crystals are hard, clear, chemically stable, and have well-defined crystal structures. The fluorescence spectrum of Nd3+ inβ″ alumina is similar to that in YAG. The lifetime of the4 F 3/2 state of Nd3+ in completely-exchangedβ″ alumina (350μs at 1021 Nd3+ cm−3) is about 45% longer than in YAG (240μs at 1020Nd3+ cm−3). The lanthanideβ″ aluminas may be of considerable interest as new phosphor and laser host materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616612
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  • 94
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    An anomalous Zeeman effect in methane at 3.39 μm (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 24 (1981), S. 261-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present paper reports on the first observation of an anomalous Zeeman effect on the hyperfine components of theF 2 (2) line in methane (λ=3.39 μm), on an asymmetry of a nonlinear resonance in the magnetic field due to the influence of recoid, and on measurements of shifts of individual hyperfine components in weak magnetic fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899767
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  • 95
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    Vanadium oxidation as a result of cw CO2 laser irradiation in atmospheric air (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 35 (1984), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 68.55 ; 61.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract New results are reported concerning the vanadium oxidation by cw CO2 laser irradiation in air at atmospheric pressure. Particular emphasis is paid both to the initial stage and the development of the oxidation process under the action of the laser radiation. Some aspects are finally discussed concerning the quantitative theoretical interpretation of the experimentally recorded data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620638
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  • 96
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    Coherent interaction of picosecond frequency-tunable light pulses with excitons in a semiconductor (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 25 (1981), S. 157-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.60 ; 78.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An investigation was made of the self-induced transparency effect in the semiconductor's exciton region using ultrashort frequency-tunable light pulses and an ultrafast streak camera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901289
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  • 97
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    On the possibility of using lasers as detectors of gravitational waves (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 25 (1981), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The possibility to use narrow optical resonances and highly stable lasers as detectors of gravitational waves are discussed. The methods for measuring small displacements are based on the registration of small variations of a radiation frequency that arise in changing an optical phase. First results on the use of narrow resonances for precision measurements of small displacements are given. The achieved absolute sensitivity of the measurements amounted to 6·10−6 Å on the basis of 5·102 cm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901290
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  • 98
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    Shape and delay of CO2-laser pulses in fog (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 251-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The problem of propagation of 10.6 μm-CO2 laser pulses in fog has been formulated and solved numerically, making use of Duhammel's principle. Fog droplets are considered Mie scatterers in the Rayleigh limit. Evaporation, power loss and time delay of pulse peak have been studied. Possible extensions of the technique have been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692547
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  • 99
    Electronic Resource
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    Generation, stabilization, and amplification of subpicosecond pulses (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 319-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.60 ; 07.65 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A sync-pumped cw dye laser system has been used to produce subpicosecond pulses. Pulses as short as 0.7 ps, assuming a single-sided exponential pulse shape, were observed. A set of experiments was performed to investigate the origin and effects of noise in the sync-pumped system. A digital and an analog feedback loop have been designed to optimize the pulse width. The noise has been lowered by 10 dB for frequencies up to 10 kHz; long-term drift is also controlled by this method. A four-stage dye laser amplifier, pumped by a Nd:YAG laser which operates at a 10-Hz repetition rate, is synchronized electronically to the dye-laser picosecond pulses. A gain of 3×106 has been achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686361
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  • 100
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    Development of an optical time scale (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 63-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A time standard based on the use of an optical oscillation period of a frequencystable He−Ne laser as a time scale is first described. We obtained highly frequency-stable oscillations in the SHF range that were locked to the oscillations of a He−Ne laser stabilized to an absorption resonance in methane at 3.39 μm. A direct comparison of frequency stabilities of a rubidium standard and He−Ne/CH4 laser has been made. The absolute measurement of the frequency of the He−Ne/CH4 laser we performed gave a new value of frequency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694370
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