ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

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Lateglacial to Holocene trace element record (Ba, Mg, Sr) from Corchia Cave (Apuan Alps, central Italy): paleoenvironmental implications (2015)

Regattieri, E. ; Zanchetta, G. ; Drysdale, R. N. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-16

Beschreibung: In this study, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios in a Lateglacial to Holocene stalagmite (CC26) from Corchia Cave (central Italy) are compared with stable isotope data to define palaeohydrological changes. For most of the record, the trace element ratios show small absolute variability but similar patterns, which are also consistent with stable isotope variations. Higher trace element-to-calcium values are interpreted as responses to decreasing moisture, inducing changes in the residence time of percolation, producing prior calcite precipitation and/or variations in the hydrological routing. Statistically meaningful levels of covariability were determined using anomalies of Mg/Ca, d18O and d13C. Combining these three time series into a single ‘palaeomoisture-trend’ parameter, we highlight several events of reduced moisture (ca. 8.9–8.4, 6.2, 4.2, 3.1 and 2.0 ka), a humid period between ca. 7.9 and 8.3 ka and other shorter-term wet events at ca. 5.8, 5.3 and 3.7 ka. Most of these events can be correlated with climate changes inferred from other regional studies. For both extremities of the record (i.e. before ca. 12.4 ka and after ca. 0.5 ka) Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca are anti-correlated and show the greatest amplitude of values, a likely explanation for which involves aragonite and/or gypsum precipitation (the latter derived from pyrite oxidation) above the CC26 drip point.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 381–392

Beschreibung: 4A. Clima e Oceani

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): central Italy; Corchia Cave; Holocene; speleothems; trace elements ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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So close, so different: geothermal flux shapes divergent soil microbial communities at neighbouring sites (2016)

Gagliano, A. L. ; Tagliavia, M. ; D'Alessandro, W. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-14

Beschreibung: This study is focused on the (micro)biogeochemical features of two close geothermal sites (FAV1 and FAV2), both selected at the main exhalative area of Pantelleria Island, Italy. A previous biogeochemical survey revealed high CH4 consumption and the presence of a diverse community of methanotrophs at FAV2 site, whereas the close site FAV1 was apparently devoid of methanotrophs and recorded no CH4 consumption. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques were applied to describe the bacterial and archaeal communities which have been linked to the physicochemical conditions and the geothermal sources of energy available at the two sites. Both sites are dominated by Bacteria and host a negligible component of ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (phylum Thaumarchaeota). The FAV2 bacterial community is characterized by an extraordinary diversity of methanotrophs, with 40% of the sequences assigned to Methylocaldum, Methylobacter (Gammaproteobacteria) and Bejerickia (Alphaproteobacteria); conversely, a community of thermo-acidophilic chemolithotrophs (Acidithiobacillus, Nitrosococcus) or putative chemolithotrophs (Ktedonobacter) dominates the FAV1 community, in the absence of methanotrophs. Since physical andchemical factors of FAV1, such as temperature and pH, cannot be considered limiting for methanotrophy, it is hypothesized that the main limiting factor for methanotrophs could be high NH4+ concentration. At the same time, abundant availability of NH4+ and other high energy electron donors and acceptors determined by the hydrothermal flux in this site create more energetically favourable conditions for chemolithotrophs that outcompete methanotrophs in non-nitrogen-limited soils.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 150–162

Beschreibung: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): geothermal soils ; geomicrobiology ; chemolithotrophs ; methanotrophs ; Pantelleria ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Systemic seismic risk assessment of road networks in urban areas (2015)

Argyroudis, S ; Selva, J. ; Ghel, P ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-18

Beschreibung: This article presents an integrated approach for the probabilistic systemic risk analysis of a road network considering spatial seismic hazard with correlation of ground motion intensities, vulnerability of the network components, and the effect of interactions within the network, as well as, between roadway components and built environment to the network functionality. The system performance is evaluated at the system level through a global connectivity performance indicator, which depends on both physical damages to its components and induced functionality losses due to interactions with other systems. An object-oriented modeling paradigm is used, where the complex problem of several interacting systems is decomposed in a number of interacting objects, accounting for intra- and interdependencies between and within systems. Each system is specified with its components, solving algorithms, performance indicators and interactions with other systems. The proposed approach is implemented for the analysis of the road network in the city of Thessaloniki (Greece) to demonstrate its applicability. In particular, the risk for the road network in the area is calculated, specifically focusing on the short-term impact of seismic events (just after the earthquake). The potential of road blockages due to collapses of adjacent buildings and overpass bridges is analyzed, trying to individuate possible criticalities related to specific components/subsystems. The application can be extended based on the proposed approach, to account for other interactions such as failure of pipelines beneath the road segments, collapse of adjacent electric poles, or malfunction of lighting and signaling systems due to damage in the electric power network.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 524–540

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Systemic vulnerability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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4

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Ground structure imaging by inversions of Rayleigh wave ellipticity: sensitivity analysis and application to European strong-motion sites (2015)

Hobiger, M. ; Cornou, C. ; Wathelet, M. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2020-12-14

Beschreibung: The knowledge of the local soil structure is important for the assessment of seismic hazards. A widespread, but time-consuming technique to retrieve the parameters of the local underground is the drilling of boreholes. Another way to obtain the shear wave velocity profile at a given location is the inversion of surface wave dispersion curves. To ensure a good resolution for both superficial and deeper layers, the used dispersion curves need to cover a wide frequency range. This wide frequency range can be obtained using several arrays of seismic sensors or a single array comprising a large number of sensors. Consequently, these measurements are time-consuming. A simpler alternative is provided by the use of the ellipticity of Rayleigh waves. The frequency dependence of the ellipticity is tightly linked to the shear wave velocity profile. Furthermore, it can be measured using a single seismic sensor. As soil structures obtained by scaling of a given model exhibit the same ellipticity curve, any inversion of the ellipticity curve alone will be ambiguous. Therefore, additional measurements which fix the absolute value of the shear wave velocity profile at some points have to be included in the inversion process. Small-scale spatial autocorrelation measurements or MASW measurements can provide the needed data. Using a theoretical soil structure, we show which parts of the ellipticity curve have to be included in the inversion process to get a reliable result and which parts can be omitted. Furthermore, the use of autocorrelation or high-frequency dispersion curves will be highlighted. The resulting guidelines for inversions including ellipticity data are then applied to real data measurements collected at 14 different sites during the European NERIES project. It is found that the results are in good agreement with dispersion curve measurements. Furthermore, the method can help in identifying the mode of Rayleigh waves in dispersion curve measurements.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 207-229

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Inverse theory Surface waves and free oscillations Site effects Computational seismology Wave propagation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Stable isotopes of pedogenic carbonates from the Somma–Vesuvius area, southern Italy, over the past 18 kyr: palaeoclimatic implications (2016)

Zanchetta, G. ; Di Vito, M. A. ; Fallick, A. E. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-04-07

Beschreibung: Stable isotopes were measured in the carbonate and organic matter of palaeosols in the Somma–Vesuvius area, southern Italy in order to test whether they are suitable proxy records for climatic and ecological changes in this area during the past 18000 yr. The ages of the soils span from ca. 18 to ca. 3 kyr BP. Surprisingly, the Last Glacial to Holocene climate transition was not accompanied by significant change in d18O of pedogenic carbonate. This could be explained by changes in evaporation rate and in isotope fractionation between water and precipitated carbonate with temperature, which counterbalanced the expected change in isotope composition of meteoric water. Because of the rise in temperature and humidity and the progressive increase in tree cover during the Holocene, the Holocene soil carbonates closely reflect the isotopic composition of meteoric water. A cooling of about 2°C after the Avellino eruption (3.8 ka) accounts for a sudden decrease of about 1‰ in d18O of pedogenic carbonate recorded after this eruption. The d13C values of organic matter and pedogenic carbonate covary, indicating an effective isotope equilibrium between the organic matter, as the source of CO2, and the pedogenic carbonate. Carbon isotopes suggest prevailing C3 vegetation and negligible mixing with volcanogenic or atmospheric CO2.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 813-824

Beschreibung: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): stable isotope ; palaeosols ; Somma–Vesuvius ; palaeoclimate ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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6

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A performance-based framework for adaptive seismic aftershock risk assessment (2015)

Ebrahimian, H. ; Jalayer, F. ; Asprone, D. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-06-22

Beschreibung: Operative seismic aftershock risk forecasting can be particularly useful for rapid decision-making in the presence of an ongoing sequence. In such a context, limit state first-excursion probabilities (risk) for the forecasting interval (a day) can represent the potential for progressive state of damage in a structure. This work lays out a performance-based framework for adaptive aftershock risk assessment in the immediate post-mainshock environment. A time-dependent structural performance variable is adopted in order to measure the cumulative damage in a structure. A set of event-dependent fragility curves as a function of the first-mode spectral acceleration for a prescribed limit state is calculated by employing back-to-back non- linear dynamic analyses. An epidemic-type aftershock sequence model is employed for estimating the spatio-temporal evolution of aftershocks. The event-dependent fragility curves for a given limit state are then integrated together with the probability distribution of aftershock spectral acceleration based on the epidemic-type aftershock sequence aftershock hazard. The daily probability of limit state first-excursion is finally calculated as a weighted combination of the sequence of limit state probabilities conditioned on the num- ber of aftershocks. As a numerical example, daily aftershock risk is calculated for the L’Aquila 2009 aftershock sequence (central Italy). A representative three-story reinforced concrete frame with infill panels, which has cyclic strength and stiffness degradation, is used in order to evaluate the progressive damage. It is observed that the proposed framework leads to a sound forecasting of limit state first-excursion in the structure for two limit states of significant damage and near collapse. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 2179–2197

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: reserved

Schlagwort(e): aftershock ; time-dependent reliability ; seismic risk ; etas modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Chapter 16 Harmful Algal Species Fact Sheets: Alexandrium (2018)

Cembella, Allan D.

Wiley-Blackwell

In: EPIC3Harmful Algal Blooms: A Compendium Desk Reference, Wiley-Blackwell, 12 p., pp. 563-574, ISBN: 978-1-118-99465-8

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-28

Beschreibung: The genus Alexandrium (Halim) is perhaps the most intensively studied among toxic marine dinoflagellates. This is largely attributable to the devastating consequences of toxigenic blooms of this genus, with human poisonings from contaminated seafood, primarily from shellfish and more rarely from finfish; socio–economic losses to the aquaculture and fisheries industries; marine faunal mortalities; and food web disruptions common in coastal waters throughout the world. Members of this genus are globally distributed from the Arctic to the tropics, and in both hemispheres from sub–polar through temperate to sub–tropical to tropicalwaters. At least four distinct groups of marine phycotoxins are associated with various Alexandrium species, along with poorly characterized bioactive compounds (allelochemicals) that may affect species interactions among the plankton. According to the most recent iteration of the IOC–UNESCO reference list of toxic microalgae, there are now more than 30 recognized morphological species of Alexandrium, posing a daunting challenge for risk assessment and accurate identification in toxic phytoplankton monitoring programs.

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: Inbook , peerRev

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Impacts of Climate Change on the Southern Ocean (2017)

Mintenbeck, Katja

Wiley-Blackwell

In: EPIC3Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture: A Global Analysis, Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture: A Global Analysis, Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 663-701, ISBN: 978-1-119-15404-4

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-10-09

Beschreibung: Exploitation of Southern Ocean marine resources began more than 200 years ago with the massive hunt for seals and whales. In the 1960s/70s, fisheries for finfish and krill entered Southern Ocean waters. Within a few years many fish populations were heavily overfished and dramatically depleted, and some of these stocks still did not recover. Today, fish stocks and fisheries activities are managed and monitored by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) which was established in 1982 to ensure sustainable exploitation and protection of the delicate marine ecosystem. Current target species include Mackerel icefish (Champsocephalus gunnari), Patagonian as well as Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides and D. mawsoni) and Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Most of these species are vulnerable to overfishing due to slow growth, late age at maturity, and rather low fecundity. This vulnerability might increase, as Southern Ocean living communities are currently also faced with alterations of their environment due to climate change, such as increasing water temperatures and decreasing sea ice. Species, including the ones targetted by fisheries, are well-adapted to their particular environmental conditions and are believed to be highly sensitive to changes because of their cold-adapted physiology, their life history traits, and their direct or indirect dependence on sea ice. The species will be exposed to several stressors at the same time, and fishing pressure, direct abiotic forcing and changes mediated via the food web might act synergistically and result in significant population declines. In particular the strongly sea ice-dependent Antarctic krill, a key species in the food web, might be adversely affected. Fish species seems to have low tolerance towards higher water temperatures and may thus, in the long run, be replaced by lower latitude species.

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: Inbook , peerRev

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Chapter 16: Harmful Algal Species Fact Sheets: Gymnodinium catenatum (2018)

Cembella, Allan D. ; Band-Schmidt, Christine J.

Wiley-Blackwell

In: EPIC3Harmful Algal Blooms: A Compendium Desk Reference, Wiley-Blackwell, 8 p., pp. 605-612, ISBN: 978-1-118-99465-8

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-06-28

Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut

Materialart: Inbook , peerRev

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Directional resonance variations across the Pernicana Fault, Mt Etna, in relation to brittle deformation fields (2015)

Pischiutta, M. ; Rovelli, A. ; Salvini, F. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: The Pernicana Fault (PF) is the main structural element of Mt Etna and the northern boundary of a section sliding to the southeast. Observed ground motion records in the damage zone of the PF show strong variations of directional resonance in the horizontal plane. The observed resonance directions exhibit an abrupt rotation of azimuth by about 30◦ across the fault, varying from N166◦ on the north side to N139◦ on the south. We interpret the directional resonance observations in terms of changes in the kinematics and deformation fields on the opposite sides of the fault. The northern side is affected primarily by the left-lateral strike-slip movement, whereas the southern side, that is subjected also to sliding, is under a dominant extensional stress regime. Brittle deformation models based on the observed kinematic field predict different sets of fractures on the opposite sides of the fault: synthetic cleavages and extensional fractures are expected to dominate in the northern and southern sides, respectively. These two fracture fields have different orientations (N74◦ and N42◦, respectively) and both show a near-orthogonal relation (∼88◦ in the northern sector and ∼83◦ to the south) with the azimuth of the observed directional resonance. We conclude that the direction of the largest resonance motions is sensitive to and has transversal relationship with the dominant fracture orientation. The directional amplification is inferred to be produced by stiffness anisotropy of the fault damage zone, with larger seismic motions normal to the fractures.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 986–996

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Earthquake ground motions; Site effects; Wave propagation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Assessing annual global M6+ seismicity forecasts (2015)

Taroni, M. ; Zechar, J. D. ; Marzocchi, W.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: We consider a seismicity forecast experiment conducted during the last 4 yr. At the beginning of each year, three models make a 1-yr forecast of the distribution of large earthquakes everywhere on the Earth. The forecasts are generated and the observations are collected in the Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability (CSEP). We apply CSEP likelihood measures of consistency and comparison to see how well the forecasts match the observations, and we compare results from some intuitive reference models. These results illustrate some undesirable properties of the consistency tests: the tests can be extremely sensitive to only a few earthquakes, and yet insensitive to seemingly obvious flaws—a na ̈ıve hypothesis that large earthquakes are equally likely everywhere is not always rejected. The results also suggest that one should check the assumptions of the so-called T and W comparison tests, and we illustrate some methods to do so. As an extension of model assessment, we explore strategies to combine forecasts, and we discuss the implications for operational earthquake forecasting. Finally, we make suggestions for the next generation of global seismicity forecast experiments.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 422-431

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): probabilistic forecasting ; statistical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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12

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The hydrological signature of a seismogenic source: coseismic hydrological changes in response to the 1915 Fucino (Central Italy) earthquake (2015)

Cucci, L. ; Tertulliani, A.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: The M ∼ 7 1915 Fucino (Central Italy) earthquake represents one of the most destructive seismic events ever occurred in the Italian Peninsula. Several seismogenic faults have been proposed in the past decades as the source of the earthquake by means of different approaches and techniques that lead to a variety of speculations about the source mechanism and the fault location, often contrasting with one another. The 1915 earthquake produced a remarkable data set of 73 coseismic hydrological changes in the near and intermediate field that consist in variation of the flow of streams and springs, liquefaction, rise of water temperature and turbidity. In this paper, we study the coseismic water level changes induced by the 1915 earthquake in the near field to provide convincing clues on the geometry of the earthquake causative fault. We model the coseismic strain field induced by seventeen individual faults proposed through different approaches, and compare its pattern with the distribution of streamflow changes. We find: (i) clues on the most probable geometry of the earthquake causative fault. Best fits between modelled deformation and observed data are displayed by sources (derived by geological or seismological data) that share several distinctive features, as they are ∼135◦-striking, SW-dipping, 25–30-km-long normal faults located along the eastern side of the Fucino basin. These data point to the Serrone Fault and the Parasano Fault as the most likely causative structures and support the hypothesis that the coseismic ruptures observed in the field represented primary surface faulting. On the contrary, our calculations show that the Pescina Fault and the Ventrino Fault are secondary faults from the perspective of the hydrological response. Finally, one of the best scoring potential sources (from geological data) is a multifaulting system that considers the presence, in the central-western part of the basin, of fault splays synthetic and antithetic to the main seismogenic structures; therefore, we infer for these splays a possible active involvement in a 1915-like seismogenic process; (ii) evidence against a number of seismogenic structures that were previously associated with the earthquake. In particular, the plots of coseismic strain induced by sources uniquely derived by macroseismic or geodetic data prove to be inconsistent with the polarities of the hydrological signatures. Also, sources mainly characterized by reverse faulting and/or by right-lateral strike-slip component are discarded and (iii) as a final remark, we maintain that the study of the hydrological signatures of earthquake strain can offer an alternative tool in the investigation of the historical seismicity, to estimate the focal mechanism of major earthquakes capable of giving rise to a consistent data set of hydrological data.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1374-1388

Beschreibung: 2T. Tettonica attiva

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): 1915 Fucino earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Discriminating among distinct source models of the 1908 Messina Straits earthquake by modelling intensity data through full wavefield seismograms (2015)

Convertito, V. ; Pino, N. A.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: Macroseismic intensities are the only available data for most historical earthquakes and often represent the unique source of information for crucial events in the definition of seismic hazard. In this paper, we attempt at getting insight into source characteristics by reproducing the observed intensity field. As a test case, we study the source of 1908 Messina Straits earthquake ( M W = 7.1), by testing three distinct fault models deduced from the analysis of geodeticdata.Startingfromthestaticslipdistribution,wedevelop kinematicsourcemodelsfor the investigated fault and compute full waveform synthetic seismograms in a 1-D structural model, also accounting for anelastic attenuation. Then, we convert both computed peak- ground acceleration (PGA) and peak-ground velocity (PGV) to macroseismic intensity at 100 selected sites, by means of specific empirical relations for the Italian region. By comparing the original data separately with PGA- and PGV-based intensity fields, we discriminate among the tested faults and determine the best values for the investigated kinematic parameters of the source. We also perform a misfit analysis for the best source model, in order to investigate the dependence of the results on the selected parametrization. The results of the analysis indicate that among the tested models, the one characterized by an east-dipping fault, with strike- oriented NS slightly rotated clockwise, better explains the observed macroseismic field of the 1908 Messina Straits earthquake. Besides, the fracture nucleated at the southern end of the fault and ruptured northward, producing considerable directivity effects. This is in agreement with the published results obtained from the investigation of the historical seismograms. We alsodeterminerealisticvalues fortherupturevelocityand therise-time.Ourstudyconfirms the greatpotentialofthemacroseismicdata,demonstratingthattheycontainenoughinformationto constrain important characteristics of the fault, which can be retrieved by using complex source models and computing complete wavefield. Moreover, we also show that the simultaneous comparison of both PGA- and PGV-based synthetic macroseismic fields with the original intensities provides tighter constraints for discriminating among different source models, with respect to what attainable from each of them

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 164-173

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Earthquake ground motions; Earthquake source observations. ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Numerical evidences enabling to reconcile gravity and height changes in volcanic areas (2015)

Currenti, G.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: Gravity and height changes, reflecting magma accumulation in subsurface chambers, are evaluated using Finite Element models in order to resolve controversial relationships observed in some volcanic areas. When significant gravity changes occur without any significant deformation, or vice versa, it is often difficult, if not impossible, to jointly explain the observations using the popular Mogi model. Here we explore whether these discrepancies can be explained by magma compressibility and source geometry effects. Compression of resident magma and expansion of the chamber wall act concurrently to accommodate newly added magma. Gravity-height ratios are found to mainly depend on: (i) geometry of the sources, which control the volume expansion of the chamber, (ii) magma compressibility, which affects the contraction of the magma resident in the chamber, and (iii) depth of the sources. Our numerical results show that, when magma compressibility and non-spherical sources are taken into account, significant gravity variations can, indeed, be successfully reconciled with negligible height changes. This may be the case at Etna volcano, where gravity changes (about 40 miuGal) without any significant deformation (below 5 cm) were observed during the 1994-1995 inflation period. The numerical results point to the accumulation of a 1.4x10^10 kg mass into an elongated source simulating a shallow storage region supplying the summit craters.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 164-173

Beschreibung: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): numerical modeling, gravity and height changes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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On the present-day crustal stress, strain-rate fields and mantle anisotropy pattern of Italy (2015)

Palano, M.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: We present an up-to-date high resolution picture of the ongoing crustal deformation field of Italy, based on an extensive combination of permanent and non-permanent GPS observations carried out since 1994. In addition, we present an updated map of contemporary SHmax orientations computed by a multidisciplinary data set of well-constrained stress indicators, including both published results and novel analyses. The comparison of stress and geodetic strain-rates directions reveals that both patterns are near-parallel over a large part of the investigated area, highlighting that crustal stress and surface deformation are driven by the same mechanism. The comparison of the azimuthal patterns of surface strain and mantle deformation shows a modest correlation on the Alps and a low correlation along the Apennines chain and the Calabro-Peloritan Arc. Along the Apennines chain, this feature suggests the occurrence of significant strain partitioning and crust–mantle mechanical decoupling. Along the Calabro-Peloritan Arc, the apparent low correlation reflects a different mantle–crust mechanism of deformation to the ongoing subduction and rollback of the Ionian slab. In addition, the superposition of regional/local effects related to second-order sources (crustal lateral density changes, strength contrasts), which at regional/local scale modulate the crustal stress/strain-rate pattern, cannot be ruled out.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 969-985

Beschreibung: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Plate motions ; Seismic anisotropy ; Kinematics of crustal and mantle deformation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Seismic Q estimates in Umbria-Marche (central Italy): hints for the retrieval of a new attenuation law for seismic risk (2015)

Pisconti, A. ; Del Pezzo, E. ; Bianco, F. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: In the Umbria Marche (Central Italy) region an important earthquake sequence occurred in 1997, characterized by nine earthquakes with magnitudes in the range between 5 and 6, that caused important damages and causalities. In the present paper we separately estimate intrinsic- and scattering- Q −1 parameters, using the classical MLTWA approach in the assumption of a half space model. The results clearly show that the attenuation parameters Qi −1 and Qs −1 are frequency dependent. This estimate is compared with other attenuation studies carried out in the same area, and with all the other MLTWA estimates obtained till now in other tectonic environments in the Earth. The bias introduced by the half space assumption is investigated through numerical solutions of the Energy Transport equation in the more realistic assumption of a heterogeneous crust overlying a transparent mantle, with a Moho located at a depth ranging between 35 and 45 km below the surface. The bias introduced by the half space assumption is significant only at high frequency. We finally show how the attenuation estimates, calculated with different techniques, lead to different PGA decay with distance relationships, using the well known and well proven Boore’s method. This last result indicates that care must be used in selecting the correct estimate of the attenuation parameters for seismic risk purposes. We also discuss the reason why MLTWA may be chosen among all the other available techniques, due to its intrinsic stability, to obtain the right attenuation parameters.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1370-1382

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: open

Schlagwort(e): Seismic attenuation ; scattering ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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The seismogenic structure of the 2013–2014 Matese seismic sequence, Southern Italy: implication for the geometry of the Apennines active extensional belt (2015)

Ferranti, L. ; Giuliano, M. ; Burrato, P. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: Seismological, geological and geodetic data have been integrated to characterize the seismogenic structure of the late 2013-early 2014 moderate energy (maximum local magnitude MLmax = 4.9) seismic sequence that struck the interior of the Matese Massif, part of the Southern Apennines active extensional belt. The sequence, heralded by a ML = 2.7 foreshock, was characterized by two main shocks with ML = 4.9 and ML = 4.2, respectively, which occurred at a depth of ∼17–18 km. The sequence was confined in the 10–20 km depth range, significantly deeper than the 1997–1998 sequence which occurred few km away on the northeastern side of the massif above ∼15 km depth. The depth distribution of the 2013–14 sequence is almost continuous, albeit a deeper (16–19 km) and a shallower (11–15 km) group of events can be distinguished, the former including the main shocks and the foreshock. The epicentral distribution formed a ∼10 km long NNW–SSE trending alignment, which almost parallels the surface trace of late Pliocene–Quaternary southwest-dipping normal faults with a poor evidence of current geological and geodetic deformation. We built an upper crustal model profile for the eastern Matese massif through integration of geological data, oil exploration well logs and seismic tomographic images. Projection of hypocentres on the profile suggests that the seismogenic volume falls mostly within the crystalline crust and subordinately within the Mesozoic sedimentary cover of Apulia, the underthrust foreland of the Southern Apennines fold and thrust belt. Geological data and the regional macroseismic field of the sequence suggest that the southwest-dipping nodal plane of the main shocks represents the rupture surface that we refer to here as the Matese fault. The major lithological discontinuity between crystalline and sedimentary rocks of Apulia likely confined upward the rupture extent of the Matese fault. Repeated coseismic failure represented by the deeper group of events in the sequence, activated in a passive fashion the overlying ∼11–15 km deep section of the upper crustal normal faults. We consider the southwest-dipping Matese fault representative of a poorly known type of seismogenic structures in the Southern Apennines, where extensional seismogenesis and geodetic strain accumulation occur more frequently on NE-dipping, shallower-rooted faults. This is the case of the Boiano Basin fault located on the northern side of the massif, to which the 1997–1998 sequence is related. The close proximity of the two types of seismogenic faults at the Matese Massif is related to the complex crustal architecture generated by the Pliocene–early Pleistocene contractional and transpressional tectonics.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 823-837

Beschreibung: 2T. Tettonica attiva

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: partially_open

Schlagwort(e): Seismicity and tectonics ; Continental tectonics: extensional ; Crustal structure ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Empirical conversion between teleseismic magnitudes (mb and Ms) and moment magnitude (Mw) at the Global, Euro-Mediterranean and Italian scale (2015)

Lolli, B. ; Gasperini, P. ; Vannucci, G.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: We analysed the conversion problem between teleseismic magnitudes (Ms and mb) provided by the Seismological Bulletin of the International Seismological Centre and moment magni- tudes (Mw) provided by online moment tensor (MT) catalogues using the chi-square general orthogonal regression method (CSQ) that, differently from the ordinary least-square regres- sion method (OLS), accounts for the measurement errors of both the predictor and response variables. To account for the non-linearity of the relationships, we used two types of curvilin- ear models: (i) the exponential model (EXP), recently proposed by the authors of the Global Catalogue sponsored by the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Foundation and (ii) a connected bilinear (CBL) model, similar to that proposed by Ekstro ̈m & Dziewonski, where two different linear trends at low and high magnitudes are connected by an arc of circle that preserves the continuity of the function and of its first derivative at the connecting points. For Ms, we found that the regression curves computed for a global data set (GBL) are likely to be biased by the incompleteness of global MT catalogues for Mw 〈5.0–5.5. In fact, the GBL curves deviate significantly from a similar regression curve computed for a Euro-Mediterranean data set (MED) integrated with the data provided by two regional MT catalogues including many more events with Mw 〈 5.0–5.5. The GLB regression curves overestimate the Mw proxies computed from Ms up to 0.5 magnitude units. Hence for computing Mw proxies at the global scale of Ms ≤ 5.5, we suggest to adopt the coefficients obtained from the MED regression. The analysis of the frequency–magnitude relationship of the resulting Mw proxy catalogues confirms the validity of this choice as the behaviour of b-value as a function of cut-off magnitude of the GBL data set is much more stable using such approach. The incompleteness of Mw’s provided from MT global catalogues also affects the mb GBL data set but in this case the use of the CSQ regression method, in place of the OLS, mitigates the bias and then, at low magnitudes, the EXP regression curve computed from the more complete MED data set almost coincides with that computed from the GBL data set. Our results also indicate that the slope at low magnitudes of the Mw–Ms relationship is substantially consistent with the hypothesized theoretical value of 2/3 for Ms 〈 5.0 while the slope of the Mw–mb relationship at high magnitudes probably reaches the theoretically expected value of 2 only in the proximity of the upper limit of mb determinations in our data set (mb = 7.2).

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 805–828

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Earthquake source observations ; Statistical seismology ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Comment on ‘Are the source models of the M 7.1 1908 Messina Straits earthquake reliable? Insights from a novel inversion and sensitivity analysis of levelling data’ by M. Aloisi, V. Bruno, F. Cannav ` o, L. Ferranti, M. Mattia, C. Monaco and M. Palano (2015)

De Natale, G. ; Pino, N. A.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: In a recent paper, important issues were raised about the identification of the fault responsible for the 1908 Messina Straits earthquake. Starting with a reanalysis of the available original geodetic data, the authors aimed to demonstrate that both of the fault–plane orientations derived by the focal mechanism are compatible with the measurements. On these grounds, and based on geological considerations, they argued in favour of the Armo fault—a high-angled structure on the Calabrian side of the Messina Straits—as responsible for the 1908 earthquake. We indicate here that their analysis has some pitfalls that produce questionable results, and that render their conclusions unreliable. Moreover, especially when dealing with such old events and data, we consider that it is more prudent not to derive conclusions on the basis of a single data set, as all of the available information should be included in any interpretation. Indeed, when the joint results of the seismological and geodetic analyses are taken into account, a consistent and robust source model can be derived that indicates that a low-angle, east-dipping fault is the most likely source of this 1908 Messina Straits earthquake

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1399-1402

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Earthquake source observations; Seismicity and tectonics; Europe ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Deformation of the western Indian plate boundary: insights from differential and multi-aperture InSAR data inversion of the 2008, Baluchistan (Western Pakistan) seismic sequence (2015)

Pezzo, G. ; Merryman Boncori, J. P. ; Atzori, S. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: In this study,we use Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) and multiaperture interferometry (MAI) to constrain the sources of the three largest events of the 2008 Baluchistan (western Pakistan) seismic sequence, namely two Mw 6.4 events only 12 hr apart and an Mw 5.7 event that occurred 40 d later. The sequence took place in the Quetta Syntaxis, the most seismically active region of Baluchistan, tectonically located between the colliding Indian Plate and the Afghan Block of the Eurasian Plate. Surface displacements estimated from ascending and descending ENVISAT ASAR acquisitions were used to derive elastic dislocation models for the sources of the two main events. The estimated slip distributions have peak values of 120 and 130 cm on a pair of almost parallel and near-vertical faults striking NW–SE, and of 50 cm and 60 cm on two high-angle faults striking NE–SW. Values up to 50 cm were found for the largest aftershock on an NE–SW fault located between the sources of the main shocks. The MAI measurements, with their high sensitivity to the north–south motion component, are crucial in this area to accurately describe the coseismic displacement field. Our results provide insight into the deformation style of the Quetta Syntaxis, suggesting that right-lateral slip released at shallow depths on large NW fault planes is compatible with left-lateral activation on smaller NE–SW faults.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 25-39

Beschreibung: 2T. Tettonica attiva

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Radar interferometry ; Satellite geodesy ; Seismicity and Tectonics ; Continental margins: convergent ; Earthquake interaction, forecasting and prediction ; Earthquake source observation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Monitoring of crustal seismic velocity variations in the L'Aquila fault zone inferred from noise cross-correlation (2015)

Soldati, G. ; Zaccarelli, L. ; Faenza, L. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: The relative seismic velocity variations possibly associated to large earthquakes can be readily monitored via cross-correlation of seismic noise. In a recently published study, more than 2 yr of continuous seismic records have been analysed from three stations surrounding the epicentre of the 2009 April 6, Mw 6.1 L’Aquila earthquake, observing a clear decrease of seismic velocities likely corresponding to the co-seismic shaking. Here, we extend the analysis in space, including seismic stations within a radius of 60 km from the main shock epicentre, and in time, collecting 5 yr of data for the six stations within 40 km of it. Our aim is to investigate how far the crustal damage is visible through this technique, and to detect a potential post-seismic recovery of velocity variations. We find that the co-seismic drop in velocity variations extends up to 40 km from the epicentre, with spatial distribution (maximum around the fault and in the north– east direction from it) in agreement with the horizontal co-seismic displacement detected by global positioning system (GPS). In the first few months after L’Aquila earthquake, the crust’s perturbation in terms of velocity variations displays a very unstable behaviour, followed by a slow linear recovery towards pre-earthquake conditions; by almost 4 yr after the event, the co-seismic drop of seismic velocity is not yet fully recovered. The strong oscillations of the velocity changes in the first months after the earthquake prevent to detect the fast exponential recovery seen by GPS data. A test of differently parametrized fitting curves demonstrate that the post-seismic recovery is best explained by a sum of a logarithmic and a linear term, suggesting that processes like viscoelastic relaxation, frictional afterlip and poroelastic rebound may be acting concurrently.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 604-6011

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Time-series analysis; Interferometry; Computational seismology; Europe ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Shear-wave velocity profile and seismic input derived from ambient vibration array measurements: the case study of downtown L'Aquila (2015)

Di Giulio, G. ; Gaudiosi, I. ; Cara, F. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-12-13

Beschreibung: Downtown L'Aquila suffered severe damage (VIII-IX EMS98 intensity) during the 2009 April 6 Mw 6.3 earthquake. The city is settled on a top flat hill, with a shear-wave velocity profile characterized by a reversal of velocity at a depth of the order of 50–100 m, corresponding to the contact between calcareous breccia and lacustrine deposits. In the southern sector of downtown, a thin unit of superficial red soils causes a further shallow impedance contrast that may have influenced the damage distribution during the 2009 earthquake. In this paper, the main features of ambient seismic vibrations have been studied in the entire city centre by using array measurements. We deployed six 2-D arrays of seismic stations and 1-D array of vertical geophones. The 2-D arrays recorded ambient noise, whereas the 1-D array recorded signals produced by active sources. Surface-wave dispersion curves have been measured by array methods and have been inverted through a neighbourhood algorithm, jointly with the H/V ambient noise spectral ratios related to Rayleigh waves ellipticity. We obtained shear-wave velocity (Vs) profiles representative of the southern and northern sectors of downtown L'Aquila. The theoretical 1-D transfer functions for the estimated Vs profiles have been compared to the available empirical transfer functions computed from aftershock data analysis, revealing a general good agreement. Then, the Vs profiles have been used as input for a deconvolution analysis aimed at deriving the ground motion at bedrock level. The deconvolution has been performed by means of EERA and STRATA codes, two tools commonly employed in the geotechnical engineering community to perform equivalent-linear site response studies. The waveform at the bedrock level has been obtained deconvolving the 2009 main shock recorded at a strong motion station installed in downtown. Finally, this deconvolved waveform has been used as seismic input for evaluating synthetic time-histories in a strong-motion target site located in the middle Aterno river valley. As a target site, we selected the strong-motion station of AQV 5 km away from downtown L'Aquila. For this site, the record of the 2009 L'Aquila main shock is available and its surface stratigraphy is adequately known making possible to propagate the deconvolved bedrock motion back to the surface, and to compare recorded and synthetic waveforms.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 848–866

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Fourier analysis, Earthquake ground motions , Site effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Tomography of core–mantle boundary and lowermost mantle coupled by geodynamics (2015)

Soldati, G. ; Boschi, L. ; Forte, A.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2020-05-27

Beschreibung: We propose an innovative approach to mapping CMB topography from seismic P-wave trav- eltime inversions: instead of treating mantle velocity and CMB topography as independent parameters, as has been done so far, we account for their coupling by mantle flow, as formulated by Forte & Peltier. This approach rests on the assumption that P data are sufficiently sensitive to thermal heterogeneity, and that compositional heterogeneity, albeit important in localized regions of the mantle (e.g. within the D′′ region), is not sufficiently strong to govern the pattern of mantle-wide convection and hence the CMB topography. The resulting tomographic maps of CMB topography are physically sound, and they resolve the known discrepancy between images obtained from classic tomography on the basis of core-reflected and core-refracted seismic phases. Since the coefficients of mantle velocity structure are the only free parameters of the inversion, this joint tomography–geodynamics approach reduces the number of param- eters; nevertheless the corresponding mantle models fit the seismic data as well as the purely seismic ones.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 730-746

Beschreibung: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Seismic tomography ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Palaeomagnetic analysis on pottery as indicator of the pyroclastic flow deposits temperature: new data and statistical interpretation from the Minoan eruption of Santorini, Greece (2015)

Tema, E. ; Zanella, E. ; Pavón-Carrasco, F. J. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: We present the results of palaeomagnetic analysis on Late Bronge Age pottery from Santorini carried out in order to estimate the thermal effect of the Minoan eruption on the pre-Minoan habitation level. A total of 170 specimens from 108 ceramic fragments have been studied. The ceramics were collected from the surface of the pre-Minoan palaeosol at six different sites, including also samples from the Akrotiri archaeological site. The deposition temperatures of the first pyroclastic products have been estimated by the maximum overlap of the re-heating temperature intervals given by the individual fragments at site level. A new statistical elaboration of the temperature data has also been proposed, calculating at 95 per cent of probability the re-heating temperatures at each site. The obtained results show that the precursor tephra layer and the first pumice fall of the eruption were hot enough to re-heat the underlying ceramics at temperatures 160–230 ◦C in the non-inhabited sites while the temperatures recorded inside the Akrotiri village are slightly lower, varying from 130 to 200 ◦C. The decrease of the temperatures registered in the human settlements suggests that there was some interaction between the buildings and the pumice fallout deposits while probably the buildings debris layer caused by the preceding and syn-eruption earthquakes has also contributed to the decrease of the recorded re-heating temperatures.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 33-47

Beschreibung: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Archaeomagnetism ; Rock and mineral magnetism ; Volcaniclastic deposits ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.07. Rock magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Probabilistic hazard for seismically induced tsunamis: accuracy and feasibility of inundation maps (2015)

Lorito, S. ; Selva, J. ; Basili, R. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: Probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis (PTHA) relies on computationally demanding numerical simulations of tsunami generation, propagation, and non-linear inundation on high-resolution topo-bathymetric models. Here we focus on tsunamis generated by co-seismic sea floor dis- placement, that is, on Seismic PTHA (SPTHA). A very large number of tsunami simulations are typically needed to incorporate in SPTHA the full expected variability of seismic sources (the aleatory uncertainty). We propose an approach for reducing their number. To this end, we (i) introduce a simplified event tree to achieve an effective and consistent exploration of the seismic source parameter space; (ii) use the computationally inexpensive linear approximation for tsunami propagation to construct a preliminary SPTHA that calculates the probability of maximum offshore tsunami wave height (H Max) at a given target site; (iii) apply a two-stage filtering procedure to these ‘linear’ SPTHA results, for selecting a reduced set of sources and (iv) calculate ‘non-linear’ probabilistic inundation maps at the target site, using only the selected sources. We find that the selection of the important sources needed for approximating probabilistic inundation maps can be obtained based on the offshore HMax values only. The filtering procedure is semi-automatic and can be easily repeated for any target sites. We describe and test the performances of our approach with a case study in the Mediterranean that considers potential subduction earthquakes on a section of the Hellenic Arc, three target sites on the coast of eastern Sicily and one site on the coast of southern Crete. The comparison between the filtered SPTHA results and those obtained for the full set of sources indicates that our approach allows for a 75–80 per cent reduction of the number of the numerical simulations needed, while preserving the accuracy of probabilistic inundation maps to a reasonable degree.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 574-588

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Tsunami ; Hazard ; Probabilistic ; Subduction ; Mediterranean ; SPTHA ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Assessment of resolution and accuracy of the Moving Window Cross Spectral technique for monitoring crustal temporal variations using ambient seismic noise (2015)

Clarke, D. ; Zaccarelli, L. ; Shapiro, N. M. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: Temporal variations in the elastic behaviour of the Earth’s crust can be monitored through the analysis of the Earth’s seismic response and its evolution with time. This kind of analysis is particularly interesting when combined with the reconstruction of seismic Green’s functions from the cross-correlation of ambient seismic noise, which circumvents the limitations imposed by a dependence on the occurrence of seismic events. In fact, because seismic noise is recorded continuously and does not depend on earthquake sources, these cross-correlation functions can be considered analogously to records from continuously repeating doublet sources placed at each station, and can be used to extract observations of variations in seismic velocities. These variations, however, are typically very small: of the order of 0.1 per cent. Such accuracy can be only achieved through the analysis of the full reconstructed waveforms, including later scattered arrivals. We focus on the method known as Moving-Window Cross-Spectral Analysis that has the advantage of operating in the frequency domain, where the bandwidth of coherent signal in the correlation function can be clearly defined. We investigate the sensitivity of this method by applying it to microseismic noise cross-correlations which have been perturbed by small synthetic velocity variations and which have been randomly contaminated. We propose threshold signal-to-noise ratios above which these perturbations can be reliably observed. Such values are a proxy for cross-correlation convergence, and so can be used as a guideline when determining the length of microseismic noise records that are required before they can be used for monitoring with the moving-window cross-spectral technique.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 867-882

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Interferometry; Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Up-dip directivity in near-source during the 2009 L'Aquila main shock (2015)

Tinti, E. ; Scognamiglio, L. ; Cirella, A. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: In this study we have investigated the forward directivity associated with the initial up-dip rupture propagation during the April 6th 2009 (MW 6.1) L’Aquila normal-faulting earthquake. The objective is the understanding of how the peculiar initial behavior of rupture history during the main shock has affected the near-source recorded ground motions in the L’Aquila town and surrounding areas. We have modeled the observed ground velocities at the closest near-source recording sites by computing synthetic seismograms using a discrete wavenumbers and finite difference approach in the low frequency bandwidth (0.02-0.4 Hz) to avoid site effects contaminations. We use both the rupture model retrieved by inverting ground motion waveforms and continuous high sampling-rate GPS time series as well as uniform-slip constant-rupture speed models. Our results demonstrate that the initial up-dip rupture propagation, characterizing the first three seconds of the rupture history during the L’Aquila main shock and releasing only ∼25% of total seismic moment, controls the observed ground motions in the near-source. This initial stage of the rupture is characterized by the generation of clear ground velocity pulses, which we interpret as a forward directivity effect. Our modeling results confirm a heterogeneous distribution of rupture velocity during the initial up-dip rupture propagation, since uniform rupture speed models overestimate up-dip directivity effects in the footwall of the causative fault. The up-dip directivity observed in the near field during the 2009 L’Aquila main shock is that predicted for a normal faulting earthquake by Somerville’s directivity model, but it differs from that inferred from far-field observations that conversely provide evidence of along-strike directivity. This calls for a careful analysis as well as for the realistic inclusion of rupture directivity to predict ground motions in the near source.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1618-1631

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): earthquake ground motion, earthquake source observations, computational seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Comment on ‘Magnitude conversion problem using general orthogonal regression’ by H. R. Wason, Ranjit Das and M. L. Sharma, (Geophys. J. Int., 190, 1091–1096) (2015)

Gasperini, P. ; Lolli, B.

Wiley-Blackwell

In: Magnitude conversion problem using general orthogonal regression’ by H. R. Wason, Ranjit Das and M. L. Sharma, (Geophys. J. Int., 190, 1091–1096)

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: The argument proposed by Wason et al. that the conversion of magnitudes from a scale (e.g. Ms or mb) to another (e.g. Mw), using the coefficients computed by the general orthogonal regression method (Fuller) is biased if the observed values of the predictor (independent) variable are used in the equation as well as the methodology they suggest to estimate the supposedly true values of the predictor variable are wrong for a number of theoretical and empirical reasons. Hence, we advise against the use of such methodology for magnitude conversions.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 626-627

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Earthquake source observations ; Statistical seismology ; Computational seismology ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Fluid pressure waves trigger earthquakes (2015)

Mulargia, F. ; Bizzarri, A.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: Fluids—essentially meteoric water—are present everywhere in the Earth’s crust, occasionally also with pressures higher than hydrostatic due to the tectonic strain imposed on impermeable undrained layers, to the impoundment of artificial lakes or to the forced injections required by oil and gas exploration and production. Experimental evidence suggests that such fluids flow along preferred paths of high diffusivity, provided by rock joints and faults. Studying the coupled poroelastic problem, we find that such flow is ruled by a nonlinear partial differential equation amenable to a Barenblatt-type solution, implying that it takes place in formof solitary pressure waves propagating at a velocity which decreases with time as v ∝t [1/(n − 1) − 1] with n 7. According to Tresca-Von Mises criterion, these waves appear to play a major role in earthquake triggering, being also capable to account for aftershock delay without any further assumption. The measure of stress and fluid pressure inside active faults may therefore provide direct information about fault potential instability.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1281–1285

Beschreibung: 6T. Sismicità indotta e caratterizzazione sismica dei sistemi naturali

Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): forecasting and prediction ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Projected Changes in Discharge in an Agricultural Watershed in Iowa (2015)

Vilarini, G. ; Scoccimarro, E. ; White, K. D. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: Our improved capability to adapt to future changes in discharge is linked to our capability to predict the magnitude or at least the direction of these changes. For the agricultural U.S. Midwest, too much or too little water has severe socio-economic impacts. Here we focus on the Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa, and use a statistical approach to examine projected changes in discharge. We build on statistical models using rainfall and harvested corn and soybean acreage to explain the observed discharge variability. We then use projections of these two predictors to examine the projected discharge response. Results are based on seven global climate models part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). There is not a strong signal of change in the discharge projections under the RCP 4.5. However the results for the RCP 8.5 point to a stronger changing signal related to larger projected increases in rainfall, resulting in increasing trends in particular in the upper part of the discharge distribution (i.e., 60th percentile and above). Examination of two hypothetical agricultural scenarios indicates that these increasing trends could be alleviated by decreasing the extent of the agricultural production. We also discuss how the methodology presented in this study represents a viable approach to move forward with the concept of return period for engineering design and management in a non-stationary world.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1361–1371

Beschreibung: 4A. Clima e Oceani

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): river discharge ; rainfall ; statistical model ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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A strategy to explore the topography-driven distortions in the tilt field induced by a spherical pressure source. The case of Mt. Etna. (2016)

Beauducel, F. ; Carbone, D.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: We present a strategy to thoroughly investigate the effects of prominent topography on the surface tilt due to a spherical pressure source. We use Etna's topography as a case of study and, for different source positions, we compare the tilt fields calculated through (i) a 3-D boundary element method and (ii) analytical half-space solutions. We systematically determine (i) the source positions leading to the strongest tilt misfits when numerical and analytical results are compared and (ii) the surface areas where the strongest distortions in the tilt field are most likely to be observed. We also demonstrate that, under critical circumstances, in terms of respective positions of pressure source and observation points, results of inversion procedures aimed at retrieving the source parameters can be misleading, if tilt data are analysed using models that do not account for topography.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1471–1481

Beschreibung: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Numerical approximations and analysis ; Transient deformation ; Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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New insights on the provenance of obsidian fragments of Ustica Island (Palermo, Sicily). (2017)

Foresta Martin, F. ; Di Piazza, A. ; D'Oriano, C. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-12-11

Beschreibung: In this study we applied a multidisciplinary approach, coupling geophysical and geochemical measurements, to unveil the provenance of 170 obsidian flakes, collected on the volcanic island of Ustica (Sicily). On this island there are some prehistoric settlements dated from the Neolithic to the Middle Bronze Age. Despite not having geological outcrops of obsidian rocks, the countryside of Ustica is rich in fragments of this volcanic glass, imported from other source areas. The study of obsidian findings was carried out first through visual observations and density measurements. At least two different obsidian families have been distinguished, probably imported from Lipari and Pantelleria islands. Analysing the magnetic properties of the samples, these two main sources were confirmed, but the possibility of other provenances was inferred. Finally, we characterized the geochemical signature of the Ustica obsidians by performing microchemical analyses through electron microprobe (EMPA) and laser ablation (LA–ICP–MS). The results were compared with literature data, confirming the presence of the Lipari and Pantelleria sources (Sicily) and indicating for the first time in this part of Italy a third provenance from Palmarola island (Latium). Our results shed new light on the commercial exchanges in the peri-Tyrrhenian area during the prehistoric age.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 435–454

Beschreibung: 1SR. TERREMOTI - Servizi e ricerca per la Società

Beschreibung: 2SR. VULCANI - Servizi e ricerca per la Società

Beschreibung: 3SR. AMBIENTE - Servizi e ricerca per la Società

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): obsdian provenance ; LA-ICPMS ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Local pattern of stress field and seismogenic sources in the Pergola-Melandro basin and the Agri valley (Southern Italy) (2018)

Cucci, Luigi ; Pondrelli, Silvia ; Frepoli, Alberto ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2018-03-20

Beschreibung: Our study area is a ~50 km long section of the central-southern Apennines tectonic belt that includes the Pergola-Melandro basin and the Agri valley. This region is located between the areas interested by the 1980 Ms=6.9 Irpinia and the 1857 M=7.0 Val d’Agri earthquakes and is characterized by rare historical events and very low and sparse background seismicity. In this study we provide new seismological and geophysical information to identify the characteristics of the seismotectonics in the area, as the prevailing faulting mechanism and the fit of local to regional stress field. These data concern focal mechanisms from waveform modeling and P-wave polarities, analyses of borehole breakouts and detailed investigation of two seismic sequences. All the data cover a significantly broad range of magnitudes and depths and suggest that no important local variation in stress orientation seems to affect this area, which shows a NE-SW direction of extension consistent with that regionally observed in Southern Italy. Such local homogeneity in the stress field pattern is peculiar of the study area; the variations of orientation and/or type of stress observed in the northern Apennines or only less than 100 km toward the northwest within the same tectonic belt are absent here. Furthermore, there is a suggestion for a northeastward sense of dip of the seismogenic faults in the region, an interesting constraint to the characterization of seismic sources

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 575-583

Beschreibung: 2T. Sorgente Sismica

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): faulting ; seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Low-temperature catalytic CO2 hydrogenation with geological quantities of ruthenium: a possible abiotic CH4 source in chromitite-rich serpentinized rocks. (2015)

Etiope, G. ; Ionescu, A.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-24

Beschreibung: Metal-catalysed CO2 hydrogenation is considered a source of methane in serpentinized (hydrated) igneous rocks and a fundamental abiotic process germane to the origin of life. Iron, nickel, chromium and cobalt are the catalysts typically employed in hydrothermal simulation experiments to obtain methane at temperatures 〉200°C. However, land-based present-day serpentinization and abiotic gas apparently develop below 100°C, down to approximately 40–50°C. Here, we document considerable methane production in thirteen CO2 hydrogenation experiments performed in a closed dry system, from 20 to 90°C and atmospheric pressure, over 0.9–122 days, using concentrations of non-pretreated ruthenium equivalent to those occurring in chromitites in ophiolites or igneous complexes (from 0.4 to 76 mg of Ru, equivalent to the amount occurring approximately in 0.4–760 kg of chromitite). Methane production increased with time and temperature, reaching approximately 87 mg CH4 per gram of Ru after 30 days (2.9 mgCH4/gru/day) at 90°C. At room temperature, CH4 production rate was approximately three orders of magnitude lower (0.003 mgCH4/gru/day). We report the first stable carbon and hydrogen isotope ratios of abiotic CH4 generated below 100°C. Using initial d13CCO2 of -40&, we obtained room temperature d13CCH4 values as 13C depleted as 142&. With time and temperature, the C-isotope separation between CO2 and CH4 decreased significantly and the final d13CCH4 values approached that of initial d13CCO2. The presence of minor amounts of C2-C6 hydrocarbons is consistent with observations in natural settings. Comparative experiments at the same temperatures with iron and nichel catalysts did not generate CH4. Ru-enriched chromitites could potentially generate methane at low temperatures on Earth and on other planets.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 438–452

Beschreibung: 7A. Geofisica di esplorazione

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): abiotic methane, Sabatier reaction ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Considering uncertainties in the determination of earthquake source parameters from seismic spectra. (2016)

Garcia-Aristizabal, A. ; Caciagli, M. ; Selva, J.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-05

Beschreibung: In this paper, we present a method for handling uncertainties in the determination of the source parameters of earthquakes from spectral data. We propose a robust framework for estimating earthquake source parameters and relative uncertainties, which are propagated down to the estimation of basic seismic parameters of interest such as the seismic moment, the moment magnitude, the source size and the static stress drop. In practice, we put together a Bayesian approach for model parameter estimation and a weighted statistical mixing of multiple solutions obtained from a network of instruments, providing a useful framework for extracting meaningful data from intrinsically uncertain data sets. The Bayesian approach used to estimate the source spectra parameters is a simple but powerful mechanism for non-linear model fitting, providing also the opportunity to naturally propagate uncertainties and to assess the quality and uniqueness of the solution. Another important added value of such an approach is the possibility of integrating information from the expertise of seismologists. Such data can be encoded in a prior state of information that is then updated with the information provided by seismological data. The performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated analysing data from the 1909 April 23 earthquake occurred near Benavente (Portugal).

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 691-701

Beschreibung: 2T. Tettonica attiva

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: open

Schlagwort(e): Fourier analysis ; Probability distributions ; Earthquake source observations ; Seismicity and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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The Capo Vaticano (Calabria) coastal terraces and the 1905 M7 earthquake: the geomorphological signature of regional uplift and coseismic slip in southern Italy (2015)

Cucci, L. ; Tertulliani, A.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: The elevation of the Capo Vaticano coastal terraces (Tyrrhenian coast, central Calabria) is the result of a combination of regional uplift and repeated coseismic displacement. We subtract the regional uplift from the total uplift (maximum average uplift rates: 0.81–0.97 mm a)1 since c. 0.7 Ma) and obtain the residual fault-related displacement. Then, we model the residual displacement to provide constraints on the location and geometry of the seismogenic source of the 1905 M7 earthquake, the strongest – and still poorly understood – earthquake of the instrumental era in this area. We try four different potential sources for the dislocation modelling and find that (1) three sources are not compatible with the displacement observed along the terraces and (2) the only source consistent with the local deformation is the 100 - striking Coccorino Fault. We calculate average long-term vertical slip rates of 0.2–0.3 mm a)1 on the Coccorino Fault and estimate an average recurrence time of one millennium for a 1905-type earthquake.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 378-389

Beschreibung: 2T. Tettonica attiva

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): 1905 earthquake ; marine terraces ; coseismic displacement ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Accounting for source effects in the ShakeMap procedure: the 2000 Tottori and the 2008 Miyagi earthquakes (2015)

Spagnuolo, E. ; Faenza, L. ; Cultrera, G. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: Real-time seismology has made signiﬁcant improvements in recent years, with source parameters now available within a few tens of minutes after an earthquake. It is likely that this time will be further reduced, in the near future, by means of increased efﬁciency in real-time transmission,increasingdatacoverageandimprovementofthemethodologies.Inthiscontext, together with the development of new ground motion predictive equations (GMPEs) that are abletoaccountforsourcecomplexity,thegenerationofstronggroundmotionshakingmapsin quasi-real time has become ever more feasible after the occurrence of a damaging earthquake. However, GMPEs may not reproduce reliably the ground motion in the near-source region where the ﬁnite fault parameters have a strong inﬂuence on the shaking. Inthispaperwetestwhetheraccountingforsource-relatedeffectsiseffectiveinbettercharacterizingthegroundmotion.WeintroduceamodiﬁcationoftheGMPEswithintheShakeMap softwarepackage,andsubsequentlytesttheaccuracyofthenewlygeneratedshakemapsinpredictingthegroundmotion.ThetestisconductedbycontrollingtheperformanceofShakeMap as we decrease the amount of the available information. We then update ShakeMap with the GMPE modiﬁed with a corrective factor accounting for source effects, in order to better constrain these effects that likely inﬂuence the level of (near-source) ground shaking. Weinvestigatetwowell-recordedearthquakesfromJapan(the2000Tottori, Mw 6.6,andthe 2008 Iwate-Miyagi, Mw7.0, events) where the instrumental coverage is as dense as needed to ensure an objective appraisal of the results. The results demonstrate that the corrected GMPE can capture only some aspects of the ground shaking in the near-source area, neglecting other multidimensional effects, such as propagation effects and local site ampliﬁcation.

Beschreibung: Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, Dipartimento della Protezione Civile(DPC)under the contract 2007–2009 DPC-INGVS3project

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1836-1848

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Earthquake ground motions ; Earthquake source observation ; Computational seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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How fast was the Matuyama-Brunhes geomagnetic reversal? A new subcentennial record from the Sulmona Basin, central Italy (2015)

Sagnotti, L. ; Giaccio, B. ; Liddicoat, J. C. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04

Beschreibung: A recent study of the Matuyama–Brunhes (M-B) geomagnetic field reversal recorded in exposed lacustrine sediments from the Sulmona Basin (Italy) provided a continuous, highresolution record indicating that the reversal of the field direction at the terminus of the M-B boundary (MBB) occurred in less than a century, about 786 ka ago. In the sediment, thin (4–6 cm) remagnetized horizons were recognized above two distinct tephra layers—SUL2- 19 and SUL2-20—that occur ∼25 and ∼35 cm below the MBB, respectively. Also, a faint, millimetre-thick tephra (SUL2-18) occurs 2–3 cm above the MBB.With the aim of improving the temporal resolution of the previous Sulmona MBB record and understanding the possible influence of cryptotephra on the M-B record in the Sulmona Basin,we performed more detailed sampling and analyses of overlapping standard and smaller samples from a 50 cm-long block that spans the MBB. The new data indicate that (i) the MBB is even sharper than previously reported and occurs ∼2.5 cm below tephra SUL2-18, in agreement with the previous study; (ii) the MBB coincides with the rise of an intensity peak of the natural remanent magnetization (NRM) intensity, which extends across SUL2-18; (iii) except for a 2-cm-thick interval just above tephra SUL2-18, the rock magnetic parameters (k, ARM, Mr, Ms, Bc, Bcr) indicate exactly the same magnetic mineralogy throughout the sampled sequence. We conclude that either SUL2-18 resulted in the remagnetization of an interval of about 6 cm (i.e. during the NRM intensity peak spanning ∼260 ± 110 yr, according to the estimated local sedimentation rate), and thus the detailed MBB record is lost because it is overprinted, or the MBB is well recorded, occurred abruptly about 2.5 cm below SUL2-18 and lasted less than 13 ± 6 yr. Both hypotheses challenge our understanding of the geomagnetic field behaviour during a polarity transition and/or of the NRM acquisition process in the Sulmona lacustrine sediment.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 798-812

Beschreibung: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Palaeomagnetic secular variation; Rapid time variations; Reversals: process, time scale, magnetostratigraphy; Rock and mineral magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Source modelling of the M5-6 Emilia-Romagna, Italy, earthquakes (May 20-29, 2012) (2015)

Cesca, S. ; Braun, T. ; Maccaferri, F. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-11-25

Beschreibung: On 2012 May 20 and 29, two damaging earthquakes with magnitudes Mw 6.1 and 5.9, respectively, struck the Emilia-Romagna region in the sedimentary Po Plain, Northern Italy, causing 26 fatalities, significant damage to historical buildings and substantial impact to the economy of the region. The earthquake sequence included four more aftershocks with Mw ? 5.0, all at shallow depths (about 7–9 km), with similar WNW–ESE striking reverse mechanism. The timeline of the sequence suggests significant static stress interaction between the largest events. We perform here a detailed source inversion, first adopting a point source approximation and considering pure double couple and full moment tensor source models. We compare different extended source inversion approaches for the two largest events, and find that the rupture occurred in both cases along a subhorizontal plane, dipping towards SSW. Directivity is well detected for the May 20 main shock, indicating that the rupture propagated unilaterally towards SE. Based on the focal mechanism solution, we further estimate the co-seismic static stress change induced by the May 20 event. By using the rate-and-state model and a Poissonian earthquake occurrence, we infer that the second largest event of May 29 was induced with a probability in the range 0.2–0.4. This suggests that the segment of fault was already prone to rupture. Finally, we estimate peak ground accelerations for the two main events as occurred separately or simultaneously. For the scenario involving hypothetical rupture areas of both main events, we estimate Mw = 6.3 and an increase of ground acceleration by 50 per cent. The approach we propose may help to quantify rapidly which regions are invested by a significant increase of the hazard, bearing the potential for large aftershocks or even a second main shock.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1658-1672

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Earthquake dynamics ; Earthquake source observations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Spatial variability of volcanic features in early-stage rift settings: the case of the Tanzania Divergence, East African rift system (2015)

Isola, I. ; Mazzarini, F. ; Bonini, M. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-24

Beschreibung: Close relationships between deformation and volcanism are well documented in relatively late evolutionary stages of con- tinental rifting, whereas these are poorly constrained in less mature rifting stages. To investigate the control of inherited structures on faulting and volcanism, we present a statistical analysis of volcanic features, faults and pre-rift fabric in the Tanzania Divergence, where volcanic features occur exten- sively in in-rift and off-rift areas. Our results show that in mature rift sectors (Natron), magma uprising is mostly con- trolled by fractures/faults responding to the far-field stress, whereas the distribution of volcanism during initial rifting (Eyasi) is controlled by inherited structures oblique to the regional extension direction. Off-rift sectors show a marked control of pre-rift structures on magma emplacement, which may not respond to the regional stress field. Thus, the use of off-rift magmatic features as stress indicators should take into account the role of pre-existing structures.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 461-468

Beschreibung: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): East Africa Rift System, Tanzania-Kenia, structures and volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Exploring lava-flow hazards at Pico Island, Azores Archipelago (Portugal) (2016)

Cappello, A. ; Zanon, V. ; Del Negro, C. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-24

Beschreibung: Pico, the youngest island of the Azores Archipelago (Portugal), is characterized by a central volcano and a 30-km-long fissure zone. Its eruption rate is the highest of the Azores islands, with more than 35 eruptions in the last 2000 years. Here, we estimate the lava-flow hazard for Pico Island by combining the vent opening probability derived from the spatial distribution of eruptive fissures, the classes of expected eruptions inferred from the physical and chemical characteristics of historical eruptions, and the lava-flow paths simulated by the MAGFLOW model. The most likely area to host new eruptions is along a WNW–ESE trend centred on the central volcano, with the highest hazard affecting the two main residential zones of Lajes do Pico and Madalena. Our analysis is the first attempt to assess the lava-flow hazard for Pico Island, and may have important implications for decision-making in territorial management and future land-use planning.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 156-161

Beschreibung: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): lava flow hazard ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Abrasive notches along the Atlantic Patagonian coast and their potential use as sea level markers: the case of Puerto Deseado (Santa Cruz, Argentina). (2015)

Bini, M. ; Isola, I. ; Ribolini, A. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-06-10

Beschreibung: Patagonia Argentina is a key area for the study of sea level changes in the southern hemisphere, but the availability of reliable sea level markers in this area is still problematic. In fact the storm deposits (beach ridge) commonly used here to reconstruct past sea level oscillations introduce a wide error. Along the Puerto Deseado coast (Santa Cruz), morphometric analyses of 11 features were carried out using traditional measurement tools and a digital software-based method (tested on one selected feature) with the aim to investigate the possibility of their use as sea level markers. By undertaking accurate topographic profiles we identified the relationship between notches and current sea level. In detail, we identified two clusters of notch retreat point elevations, with a very low internal variability. The lower was located a little below the mean high tide level (mHT) and the upper located at least 0.5m above the maximum high tide level (MHT). Field observations of tidal levels and the position of notches suggest that the lower notches are active and the upper are inactive. This study on the abrasive notches attests their quality as sea level markers and opens up the use of fossil abrasive notches as palaeo sea level markers because the error linked to these features is substantially smaller than that introduced by beach ridges commonly used in the study area

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1550 – 1558

Beschreibung: 4A. Clima e Oceani

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): notch; rocky coast; sea level marker; Patagonia; Argentina ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Seismic structure beneath the Gulf of California: a contribution from group velocity measurements (2015)

Di Luccio, F. ; Persaud, P. ; Clayton, R.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-06-14

Beschreibung: Rayleigh wave group velocity dispersion measurements from local and regional earthquakes are used to interpret the lithospheric structure in the Gulf of California region. We compute group velocity maps for Rayleigh waves from 10 to 150 s using earthquakes recorded by broadband stations of the Network of Autonomously Recording Seismographs in Baja California and Mexico mainland, UNM in Mexico, BOR, DPP and GOR in southern California and TUC in Arizona. The study area is gridded in 120 longitude cells by 180 latitude cells, with an equal spacing of 10 × 10 km. Assuming that each gridpoint is laterally homogeneous, for each period the tomographic maps are inverted to produce a 3-D lithospheric shear wave velocity model for the region. Near the Gulf of California rift axis, we found three prominent low shear wave velocity regions, which are associated with mantle upwelling near the Cerro Prieto volcanic field, the Ballenas Transform Fault and the East Pacific Rise. Upwelling of the mantle at lithospheric and asthenospheric depths characterizes most of the Gulf. This more detailed finding is new when compared to previous surface wave studies in the region. A low-velocity zone in northcentral Baja at ∼28oN which extends east–south–eastwards is interpreted as an asthenospheric window. In addition, we also identify a well-defined high-velocity zone in the upper mantle beneath central-western Baja California, which correlates with the previously interpreted location of the stalled Guadalupe and Magdalena microplates. We interpret locations of the fossil slab and slab window in light of the distribution of unique post-subduction volcanic rocks in the Gulf of California and Baja California.We also observe a high-velocity anomaly at 50-km depth extending down to ∼130 km near the southwestern Baja coastline and beneath Baja, which may represent another remnant of the Farallon slab.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1861-1877

Beschreibung: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): surface waves ; seismic tomography ; dynamics of lithosphere and mantle ; crustal structure ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Measuring the north-south coseismic displacement component with high-resolution multi aperture InSAR (2015)

Merryman Boncori, J. P. ; Pezzo, G.

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-24

Beschreibung: Earthquake source inversions based on space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar interferometry (InSAR) are used extensively. Typically, however, only the line-of-sight (LoS) surface displacement component is measured, which is mainly sensitive to the vertical and E–W deformations, although well-established methods also exist to estimate the flight-path component, which is highly sensitive to the N–S displacement. With high-resolution sensors, these techniques are particularly appealing, because accuracies in the order of 3 cm can be achieved, while retaining spatial resolutions between 45 m and a few km, depending on the required level of filtering. We discuss the application to COSMO-SkyMed SAR imagery of the Spectral Diversity or Multi Aperture Interferometry technique, presenting the first SAR flight-path displacement field associated with the Mw 6.3, 2009 L’Aquila event (central Apennines). Finally, we observe and characterize a previously unknown misregistration pattern.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 28-35

Beschreibung: 2T. Tettonica attiva

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Crustal Deformation ; Multi Aperture Interferometry MAI ; InSAR ; L'Aquila Earthquake ; Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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3D displacement maps of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake (Italy) by applying the SISTEM method to GPS and DiNSAR data (2015)

Guglielmino, F. ; Anzidei, M. ; Briole, P. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-24

Beschreibung: We present an application of the novel SISTEM approach, to obtain the dense 3D ground deformation pattern produced by the April 6, 2009, Mw 6.3 L’Aquila earthquake. This event, characterized by a SW-dipping normal fault with thousands of foreshocks and aftershocks located in the depth range 5–15 km, is the most destructive to have struck the Abruzzo region since the major 1703 seismic sequence. The surface deformation, revealed by the SISTEM through the integration of GPS with interferometric measurements from the ENVISAT and ALOS satellites, shows a deformed area extending towards SE along the Aterno valley, in agreement with seismological and other geodetic observations. We inverted the SISTEM results using an optimization algorithm based on the genetic algorithm, providing an accurate spatial characterization of ground deformation. Our results improve previous kinematic solutions for the Paganica fault and allow identification of additional faults that have contributed to the observed complex ground deformation pattern.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 79-85

Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): L'Aquila earthquake, SISTEM, GPS ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Modelling the long-term deformation of the sedimentary substrate of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy) (2016)

Scudero, S. ; De Guidi, G. ; Imposa, S. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-24

Beschreibung: This study investigates in detail the deformation events that have affected the sedimentary successions forming the substrate of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy). Based on the geometric reconstruction of a buried sedimentary marker, we have been able to identify and quantify the effects of three different mechanisms of deformation that have affected the area in the last 600 ka. Numerical results from Finite Element Method (FEM) applied to model viscoelastic deformation suggest the occurrence of a crustal doming process originating at the mantle-crust transition (~16 km). We propose that the source of deformation is related to the diapiric uprise of hydrothermal material originating in altered ocean-like crust and its emplacement at a shallower level in the crust. This process has great relevance in the volcanic system and should be considered for the full assessment of its origin and evolution.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 338 – 345

Beschreibung: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): volcanic doming ; viscoelastic modeling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Evidence of a shallow magma intrusion beneath the NE Rift system of Mt. Etna during 2013 (2017)

Bruno, V. ; Ferlito, C. ; Mattia, M. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-05-24

Beschreibung: Continuous GPS (CGPS) data, collected at Mt. Etna between April 2012 and October 2013, clearly define inflation/deflation processes typically observed before/after an eruption onset. During the inflationary process from May to October 2013, a particular deformation pattern localised in the upper North Eastern sector of the volcano suggests that a magma intrusion had occurred a few km away from the axis of the summit craters, beneath the NE Rift system. This is the first time that this pattern has been recorded by CGPS data at Mt. Etna. We believe that this inflation process might have taken place periodically at Mt. Etna and might be associated with the intrusion of batches of magma that are separate from the main feeding system. We provide a model to explain this unusual behaviour and the eruptive regime of this rift zone, which is characterised by long periods of quiescence followed by often dangerous eruptions in which vents can open at low elevation and thus threaten the villages in this sector of the volcano.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 356-363

Beschreibung: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Shallow intrusion beneath NE Rift system ; Mt. Etna volcano ; CGPS data ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Modelling secondary microseismic noise by normal mode summation (2015)

Gualtieri, L. ; Stutzmann, E. ; Stutzmann, Y. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05

Beschreibung: Secondary microseisms recorded by seismic stations are generated in the ocean by the interaction of ocean gravity waves.We present here the theory for modelling secondary microseismic noise by normal mode summation.We show that the noise sources can be modelled by vertical forces and how to derive them from a realistic ocean wave model. We then show how to compute bathymetry excitation effect in a realistic earth model by using normal modes and a comparison with Longuet–Higgins approach. The strongest excitation areas in the oceans depends on the bathymetry and period and are different for each seismic mode. Seismic noise is then modelled by normal mode summation considering varying bathymetry. We derive an attenuation model that enables to fit well the vertical component spectra whatever the station location. We show that the fundamental mode of Rayleigh waves is the dominant signal in seismic noise. There is a discrepancy between real and synthetic spectra on the horizontal components that enables to estimate the amount of Love waves for which a different source mechanism is needed. Finally, we investigate noise generated in all the oceans around Africa and show that most of noise recorded in Algeria (TAM station) is generated in the Northern Atlantic and that there is a seasonal variability of the contribution of each ocean and sea.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1732-1745

Beschreibung: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Surface waves and free oscillations ; Seismic attenuation ; Theoretical seismology ; Wave propagation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Modelling the ocean site effect on seismic noise body waves (2015)

Gualtieri, L. ; Stutzmann, E. ; Farra, V. ; [weitere]

Oxford University Press | Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-05

Beschreibung: Secondary microseismic noise is generated by non-linear interactions between ocean waves at the ocean surface. We present here the theory for computing the site effect of the ocean layer upon body waves generated by noise sources distributed along the ocean surface. By defining the wavefield as the superposition of plane waves, we show that the ocean site effect can be described as the constructive interference of multiply reflected P waves in the ocean that are then converted to either P or SV waves at the ocean–crust interface. We observe that the site effect varies strongly with period and ocean depth, although in a different way for body waves than for Rayleigh waves. We also show that the ocean site effect is stronger for P waves than for S waves. We validate our computation by comparing the theoretical noise body wave sources with the sources inferred from beamforming analysis of the three seismogram components recorded by the Southern California Seismic Network. We use rotated traces for the beamforming analysis, and we show that we clearly detect P waves generated by ocean gravity wave interactions along the track of typhoon Ioke (2006 September). We do not detect the corresponding SV waves, and we demonstrate that this is because their amplitude is too weak.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1096-1106

Beschreibung: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Body waves ; Site effects ; Theoretical Seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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Seismic response of a deep continental basin including velocity inversion: the Sulmona intramontane basin (Central Apennines, Italy) (2015)

Di Giulio, G. ; de Nardis, R. ; Boncio, P. ; [weitere]

Wiley-Blackwell

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-09

Beschreibung: The Sulmona plain (central Italy) is an intramontane basin of the Abruzzi Apennines that is known in the literature for its high seismic hazard. We use extensive measurements of ambient noise to map the fundamental frequency and to detect the presence of geological heterogeneities in the basin. We perform noise measurements along two basin-scale orthogonal transects, in conjunction with 2-D array experiments in specific key areas. The key areas are located in different positions with respect to the basin margins: one at the eastern boundary (fault-controlled basin margin) and one in the deepest part of the basin. We also collect independent data by using active seismic experiments (MASW), down-hole and geological surveys to characterize the near-surface geology of the investigated sites. In detail, the H/V noise spectral ratios and 2-D array techniques indicate a fundamental resonance (f0) in the low-frequency range (0.35–0.4 Hz) in the Sulmona Basin. Additionally, our results highlight the important role that is played by the alluvial fans near the edge-sectors of the basin, which are responsible for a velocity inversion in the uppermost layering of the soil profile. The H/V ratios and the dispersion curves of adjacent measurements strongly vary over a few dozens of meters in the alluvial fan area. Furthermore, we perform 1-D numerical simulations that are based on a linear-equivalent approach to estimate the site response in the key areas, using realistic seismic inputs. Finally, we perform a 2-D simulation that is based on the spectral element method to propagate surface waves in a simple model with an uppermost stiff layer, which is responsible for the velocity inversion. The results from the 2-D modelling agree with the experimental curves, showing deamplified H/V curves and typical shapes of dispersion curves of a not normally dispersive site.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 418-439

Beschreibung: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Beschreibung: restricted

Schlagwort(e): Fourier analysis, Earthquake ground motions, Site effects ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

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REM sleep estimation based on autonomic dynamics using R–R intervals (2017)

Yoon, Heenam ; Hwang, Su Hwan ; Choi, Jae-Won ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(4): 631-651. Published 2017 Mar 17. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa63c9.

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-03-17

Print ISSN: 0967-3334

Digitale ISSN: 1361-6579

Thema: Medizin , Physik

Publiziert von Institute of Physics

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Assessment of baroreflex sensitivity from spontaneous oscillations of blood pressure and heart rate: proven clinical value? (2015)

Pinna, Gian Domenico ; Maestri, Roberto ; La Rovere, Maria Teresa

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(4): 741-753. Published 2015 Mar 23. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/4/741.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-03-23

Print ISSN: 0967-3334

Digitale ISSN: 1361-6579

Thema: Medizin , Physik

Publiziert von Institute of Physics

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Head and pelvis stride-to-stride oscillations in gait: validation and interpretation of measurements from wearable accelerometers (2015)

Brodie, Matthew A D ; Beijer, Tim R ; Canning, Colleen G ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(5): 857-872. Published 2015 Apr 02. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/5/857.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-04-02

Print ISSN: 0967-3334

Digitale ISSN: 1361-6579

Thema: Medizin , Physik

Publiziert von Institute of Physics

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Walking in hospital is associated with a shorter length of stay in older medical inpatients (2016)

McCullagh, R ; Dillon, C ; Dahly, D ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(10): 1872-1884. Published 2016 Sep 21. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/10/1872.

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-09-21

Print ISSN: 0967-3334

Digitale ISSN: 1361-6579

Thema: Medizin , Physik

Publiziert von Institute of Physics

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Assessing ECG signal quality indices to discriminate ECGs with artefacts from pathologically different arrhythmic ECGs (2016)

Daluwatte, C ; Johannesen, L ; Galeotti, L ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(8): 1370-1382. Published 2016 Jul 25. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/8/1370.

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-07-25

Print ISSN: 0967-3334

Digitale ISSN: 1361-6579

Thema: Medizin , Physik

Publiziert von Institute of Physics

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An open-source framework for stress-testing non-invasive foetal ECG extraction algorithms (2016)

Andreotti, Fernando ; Behar, Joachim ; Zaunseder, Sebastian ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(5): 627-648. Published 2016 Apr 12. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/5/627.

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-04-12

Print ISSN: 0967-3334

Digitale ISSN: 1361-6579

Thema: Medizin , Physik

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Statistical criteria for estimation of the cerebral autoregulation index (ARI) at rest (2016)

Panerai, R B ; Haunton, V J ; Hanby, M F ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(5): 661-672. Published 2016 Apr 19. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/5/661.

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Identifying adults’ valid waking wear time by automated estimation in activPAL data collected with a 24 h wear protocol (2016)

Winkler, Elisabeth A H ; Bodicoat, Danielle H ; Healy, Genevieve N ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(10): 1653-1668. Published 2016 Sep 21. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/10/1653.

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Sleep stage classification with ECG and respiratory effort (2015)

Fonseca, Pedro ; Long, Xi ; Radha, Mustafa ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(10): 2027-2040. Published 2015 Aug 19. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/10/2027.

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Obstructive sleep apnea detection using spectrum and bispectrum analysis of single-lead ECG signal (2015)

Atri, Roozbeh ; Mohebbi, Maryam

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(9): 1963-1980. Published 2015 Sep 01. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/9/1963.

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Sampling frequency of fetal heart rate impacts the ability to predict pH and BE at birth: a retrospective multi-cohort study (2015)

Li, Xuan ; Xu, Yawen ; Herry, Christophe ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(5): L1-L12. Published 2015 Apr 20. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/5/l1.

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Respiratory rate derived from smartphone-camera-acquired pulse photoplethysmographic signals (2015)

Lázaro, Jesús ; Nam, Yunyoung ; Gil, Eduardo ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(11): 2317-2333. Published 2015 Oct 09. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/11/2317.

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Surface EMG and muscle fatigue: multi-channel approaches to the study of myoelectric manifestations of muscle fatigue (2017)

Marco, Gazzoni ; Alberto, Botter ; Taian, Vieira

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(5): R27-R60. Published 2017 Apr 03. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa60b9.

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A practical guide to non-invasive foetal electrocardiogram extraction and analysis (2016)

Behar, Joachim ; Andreotti, Fernando ; Zaunseder, Sebastian ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(5): R1-R35. Published 2016 Apr 12. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/5/r1.

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False alarm reduction in critical care (2016)

Clifford, Gari D ; Silva, Ikaro ; Moody, Benjamin ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(8): E5-E23. Published 2016 Jul 25. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/8/e5.

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ECG feature extraction based on the bandwidth properties of variational mode decomposition (2016)

Mert, Ahmet

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(4): 530-543. Published 2016 Mar 17. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/4/530.

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QT variability improves risk stratification in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (2015)

Fischer, C ; Seeck, A ; Schroeder, R ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(4): 699-713. Published 2015 Mar 23. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/4/699.

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Detecting free-living steps and walking bouts: validating an algorithm for macro gait analysis (2016)

Hickey, Aodhán ; Del Din, Silvia ; Rochester, Lynn ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 38(1): N1-N15. Published 2016 Dec 12. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/38/1/n1.

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Detection of atrial fibrillation episodes using a wristband device (2017)

Corino, Valentina D A ; Laureanti, Rita ; Ferranti, Lorenzo ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(5): 787-799. Published 2017 Apr 27. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa5dd7.

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Ex vivoelectrical impedance measurements on excised hepatic tissue from human patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (2015)

Prakash, S ; Karnes, M P ; Sequin, E K ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(2): 315-328. Published 2015 Jan 19. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/2/315.

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An improved crest factor minimization algorithm to synthesize multisines with arbitrary spectrum (2015)

Yang, Yuxiang ; Zhang, Fu ; Tao, Kun ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(5): 895-910. Published 2015 Apr 02. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/5/895.

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The intra- and inter-observer reliability of a novel protocol for two-point discrimination in individuals with chronic low back pain (2016)

Ehrenbrusthoff, K ; Ryan, C G ; Grüneberg, C ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(7): 1074-1088. Published 2016 Jun 20. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/7/1074.

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Automated network analysis to measure brain effective connectivity estimated from EEG data of patients with alcoholism (2017)

Bae, Youngoh ; Yoo, Byeong Wook ; Lee, Jung Chan ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(5): 759-773. Published 2017 Apr 27. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa6b4c.

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A novel machine learning-enabled framework for instantaneous heart rate monitoring from motion-artifact-corrupted electrocardiogram signals (2016)

Zhang, Qingxue ; Zhou, Dian ; Zeng, Xuan

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(11): 1945-1967. Published 2016 Sep 28. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/11/1945.

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Quantifying cardio-respiratory phase synchronization—a comparison of five methods using ECGs of post-infarction patients (2017)

Kuhnhold, Anja ; Schumann, Aicko Y ; Bartsch, Ronny P ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(5): 925-939. Published 2017 Apr 27. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa5dd3.

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Systolic blood pressure estimation using PPG and ECG during physical exercise (2016)

Sun, S ; Bezemer, R ; Long, X ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(12): 2154-2169. Published 2016 Nov 14. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/12/2154.

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Real-time ultrasound measures of lumbar erector spinae and multifidus: reliability and comparison to magnetic resonance imaging (2015)

Belavý, D L ; Armbrecht, G ; Felsenberg, D

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(11): 2285-2299. Published 2015 Oct 09. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/11/2285.

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Do mathematical model studies settle the controversy on the origin of cardiac synchronous trans-thoracic electrical impedance variations? A systematic review (2016)

de Sitter, A ; Verdaasdonk, R M ; Faes, T J C

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(9): R88-R108. Published 2016 Aug 17. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/9/r88.

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Muscle activation and energy expenditure of sedentary behavior alternatives in young and old adults (2016)

Lerma, Nicholas L ; Keenan, Kevin G ; Strath, Scott J ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(10): 1686-1700. Published 2016 Sep 21. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/10/1686.

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On the correct use of stepped-sine excitations for the measurement of time-varying bioimpedance (2017)

Louarroudi, E ; Sanchez, B

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(2): N73-N80. Published 2017 Jan 30. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa556d.

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Comparison of NIRS, laser Doppler flowmetry, photoplethysmography, and pulse oximetry during vascular occlusion challenges (2016)

Abay, T Y ; Kyriacou, P A

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(4): 503-514. Published 2016 Mar 10. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/4/503.

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82

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Daily physical activity patterns from hip- and wrist-worn accelerometers (2016)

Shiroma, E J ; Schepps, M A ; Harezlak, J ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(10): 1852-1861. Published 2016 Sep 21. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/10/1852.

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Instrumented assessment of test battery for physical capability using an accelerometer: a feasibility study (2015)

Godfrey, A ; Lara, J ; Munro, C A ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(5): N71-N83. Published 2015 Apr 22. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/5/n71.

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Magnetic induction spectroscopy (MIS)—probe design for cervical tissue measurements (2017)

Wang, Jau-Yi ; Healey, Timothy ; Barker, Anthony ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(5): 729-744. Published 2017 Apr 27. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa6b4e.

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Implementation and verification of an enhanced algorithm for the automatic computation of RR-interval series derived from 24 h 12-lead ECGs (2016)

Hagmair, Stefan ; Braunisch, Matthias C ; Bachler, Martin ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 38(1): 1-14. Published 2016 Dec 12. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/38/1/1.

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Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis? (2015)

Durosier, Lucien D ; Herry, Christophe L ; Cortes, Marina ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(10): 2089-2102. Published 2015 Aug 19. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/10/2089.

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SignalPlant: an open signal processing software platform (2016)

Plesinger, F ; Jurco, J ; Halamek, J ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(7): N38-N48. Published 2016 May 31. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/7/n38.

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Simultaneous comparison of 1 gel with 4 dry electrode types for electrocardiography (2015)

Meziane, N ; Yang, S ; Shokoueinejad, M ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(3): 513-529. Published 2015 Feb 16. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/3/513.

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Non-invasive blood glucose detection system based on conservation of energy method (2017)

Zhang, Yang ; Zhu, Jian-ming ; Liang, Yong-bo ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(2): 325-342. Published 2017 Jan 20. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa50cf.

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Test-retest reliability of muscle fiber conduction velocity and fractal dimension of surface EMG during isometric contractions (2017)

Beretta-Piccoli, Matteo ; D’Antona, Giuseppe ; Zampella, Cristian ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(4): 616-630. Published 2017 Mar 06. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa614c.

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Comparison of single-spot technique and RGB imaging for erythema index estimation (2016)

Saknite, I ; Zavorins, A ; Jakovels, D ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(3): 333-346. Published 2016 Feb 05. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/3/333.

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-02-05

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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Decrease of muscle fiber conduction velocity correlates with strength loss after an endurance run (2017)

Boccia, Gennaro ; Dardanello, Davide ; Tarperi, Cantor ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2017; 38(2): 233-240. Published 2017 Jan 18. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa5139.

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-18

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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93

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Alternate electrode placement for whole body and segmental bioimpedance spectroscopy (2015)

Grisbrook, T L ; Kenworthy, P ; Phillips, M ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(10): 2189-2201. Published 2015 Sep 14. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/10/2189.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-14

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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94

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A rate-based transcutaneous CO2sensor for noninvasive respiration monitoring (2015)

Chatterjee, M ; Ge, X ; Kostov, Y ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(5): 883-894. Published 2015 Apr 02. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/5/883.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-04-02

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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Segmental bioimpedance analysis in professional cyclists during a three week stage race (2016)

Marra, Maurizio ; Da Prat, Barbara ; Montagnese, Concetta ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(7): 1035-1040. Published 2016 May 31. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/7/1035.

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-05-31

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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EEG and MEG: sensitivity to epileptic spike activity as function of source orientation and depth (2016)

Hunold, A ; Funke, M E ; Eichardt, R ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(7): 1146-1162. Published 2016 Jun 21. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/7/1146.

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-21

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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97

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Enhancing clinically-relevant shoulder function assessment using only essential movements (2015)

Pichonnaz, C ; Lécureux, E ; Bassin, J-P ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(3): 547-560. Published 2015 Feb 18. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/3/547.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-02-18

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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98

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Infrared thermography for indirect assessment of activation of brown adipose tissue in lean and obese male subjects (2016)

El Hadi, Hamza ; Frascati, Andrea ; Granzotto, Marnie ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2016; 37(12): N118-N128. Published 2016 Nov 14. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/12/n118.

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Publikationsdatum: 2016-11-14

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Phase asymmetry of heart rate variability signal (2015)

Karmakar, C K ; Khandoker, AH ; Palaniswami, M

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(2): 303-314. Published 2015 Jan 14. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/2/303.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-01-14

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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Cardiovascular parameters and neural sympathetic discharge variability before orthostatic syncope: role of sympathetic baroreflex control to the vessels (2015)

Barbic, Franca ; Heusser, Karsten ; Marchi, Andrea ; [weitere]

Institute of Physics

In: Physiological Measurement. 2015; 36(4): 633-641. Published 2015 Mar 23. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/4/633.

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Publikationsdatum: 2015-03-23

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Thema: Medizin , Physik

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