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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
  • 04.02. Exploration geophysics
  • Allgemeine Geographie
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  • 1
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    Temperature compensation in high accuracy accelerometers using multi-sensor and machine learning methods (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Experimental data are publicly available here: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/f78bmhr628/1
    Description: Temperature is a major source of inaccuracy in high-sensitivity accelerometers and gravimeters. Active thermal control systems require power and may not be ideal in some contexts such as airborne or spaceborne applications. We propose a solution that relies on multiple thermometers placed within the accelerometer to measure temperature and thermal gradient variations. Machine Learning algorithms are used to relate the temperatures to their effect on the accelerometer readings. However, obtaining labeled data for training these algorithms can be difficult. Therefore, we also developed a training platform capable of replicating temperature variations in a laboratory setting. Our experiments revealed that thermal gradients had a significant effect on accelerometer readings, emphasizing the importance of multiple thermometers. The proposed method was experimentally tested and revealed a great potential to be extended to other sources of inaccuracy, such as rotations, as well as to other types of measuring systems, such as magnetometers or gyroscopes.
    Description: This work was funded by “Regione Lazio” (Italy) with European Regional Development Fund (Italy, Lazio) through the call “Gruppi di Ricerca 2020 (POR FESR LAZIO 2014 – 2020), project number: A0375-2020-36674
    Description: Published
    Description: 114090
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: gravimeter ; gravimetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Indagini geofisiche nell’hortus dei Praedia di Iulia Felix (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-16
    Description: In questo lavoro vengono presentati i risultati delle indagini geofisiche condotte da un gruppo di ricercatori dell’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia di Roma nell’hortus dei Praedia Iuliae Felicis1. Tali attività hanno costituito uno dei momenti iniziali del più ampio programma PRAEDIA e, in particolare, dello studio del complesso di proprietà di Iulia Felix. In questo contesto, l’hortus sembrava configurarsi come un settore di particolare interesse per lo studio delle fasi edilizie dell’edificio. Alcuni saggi stratigrafici realizzati nel corso degli anni Novanta avevano infatti portato in luce, in corrispondenza dell’ampio parco del complesso, i resti spoliati di strutture murarie apparentemente riferibili all’età ellenistica2.
    Description: Published
    Description: 119-133
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 3
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    The Erasmus+ BridgET project: A European partnership to renew teaching in marine geosciences (2024)
    EGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-29
    Description: Recent advances in underwater and airborne robotic systems and ocean technologies have opened new perspectives in marine geology and its applications in the context of coastal and marine economic activities, whose sustainable development is increasingly acknowledged as a pillar for the new blue economy. BridgET (Bridging the gap between the land and the sea in a virtual Environment for innovative Teaching and community involvement in the science of climate change-induced marine and coastal geohazard) is an EU ERASMUS+ project designed to develop innovative and inclusive teaching methods to address a growing demand for strategic skills and scientific expertise in the field of 3D geological mapping of coastal environments. Seamless integration of the wide variety of multisource and multiscale onshore, nearshore and offshore geospatial data is indeed one of the main areas for improvement in the implementation of efficient management practices in coastal regions, where climate change, rising sea level, and geohazards are considerable environmental issues. BridgET involves a partnership consisting of six European universities with outstanding expertise in the study of geological hazards, and climate impacts in marine and coastal areas (i.e., University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy, Arctic University of Tromsø/CAGE - Norway, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Greece, Kiel University, Germany, University of Liege – Belgium, and the University of Malta), two Italian research institutes (INGV and INAF) and a German company (Orthodrone GmvH) specialized in UAS-based LiDAR and photogrammetry data acquisition services and analyses. Project implementation relies on delivering learning and teaching activities through dedicated summer schools for MSc students by efficiently combining the partner’s expertise. Schools focus on giving students a hands-on experience with the variety of methods and procedures adopted in geospatial data acquisition and processing, including the use of drones (Uncrewed Aerial System – UAS), acoustic remote sensing techniques and underwater robotic systems, together with the progress made by computer visions and digital image analysis by using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Students are also introduced to the opportunity to easily examine multiple viewing angles of the seabed and coastal 3D surfaces by using immersive and nonimmersive Virtual Reality (VR), to bring them closer to a more straightforward observation of geomorphological data and geological phenomena. The first Summer School was held in Santorini between the 3rd and 14th of October, 2022. It was attended by 26 students coming from 13 different countries. Teaching and learning activities included several classrooms, fieldwork, laboratory sessions, and seven seminars and cultural visits dealing with transversal topics, allowing students to approach an integrated understanding of human interaction with physical processes from social and economic perspectives. In this presentation, we give examples of course content used to allow students to develop a deeper understanding of theoretical and practical knowledge of climate-induced coastal and marine geohazards. Participants' opinions on the quality of the offered learning/training activities of the Erasmus+ BridgET Santorini Summer School (collected through a dedicated questionnaire) will also be presented. Erasmus+ BridgET Team: Varvara Antoniou, Fabio Luca Bonali, Clara Drummer, Theynushya Esalingam, Luca Fallati, Susanna Falsaperla, Felix Gross, Hans-Balder havenith, Juri Klusak, Sebastian Krastel, Iver Martens, Aaron Micallef, Paraskevi Nomikou, Giuliana Panieri, Danilo Reitano, Julian Teege, Alessandro Tibaldi, Andrea Giulia Varzi, Fabio Vitello, Othonas Vlasopoulos
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna (Austria)
    Description: OSA4: Ambiente marino, fascia costiera ed Oceanografia operativa
    Keywords: marine geosciences ; education ; Europe ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 4
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    GEOQUEST TROPOMAG DIGITAL ADVENTURE PATH: WHEN SCIENCE IS A GAME (2024)
    inScience Press, Rua Tomas Ribeiro, 45, 1º D, 1050-225 Lisboa, Portugal
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-20
    Description: Game is a powerful educational tool able to involve students and keep their attention high, promoting cognitive development, discoveries, reasoning, and thinking. It is also an effective active form of learning which consolidates the acquired knowledge and carries out an authentic assessment through reality tasks and immediate feedback typical of the use of the digital games. Our gamy-learning experimentation focuses on new methods and practices of science communication, with the aim to face the challenge of educating about natural risks and climate change. The goal is to facilitate the automatic choice of good practices, by stimulating mind, intuition and logic in the perspective of teambuilding in school-based civic education. The proper application of technological tools is a valuable aid for conscious communication for the next generation. A Computer Supported Collaborative Learning Education is experienced, in order to test the efficacy of our GeoQuest TROPOMAG digital adventure, and pave the ground for the implementation of the storytelling in an integrated table game. Our climate change role-playing videogame explores phenomena related to the possible effects of changes in the Earth's magnetic field on the atmosphere. The virtual adventure path is played on smartphones and follows alternative paths chosen by the players to develop the storytelling. As a result, students play not only “just for fun”, but also to actively participate in their learning process and acquisition of new knowledge, skills and competences in environmental issues.
    Description: Published
    Description: Lisbona
    Description: OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazione
    Keywords: Gamification ; digital game based learning ; computer supported collaborative learning education ; climate change ; geomagnetism ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 04.05. Geomagnetism ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 01.01. Atmosphere ; 01.02. Ionosphere ; 01.03. Magnetosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 5
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    Evidenze di emissioni elettromagnetiche in rocce sottoposte a sollecitazione meccanica. Un possibile precursore sismico? (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: In questa tesi si intende presentare i risultati di una sperimentazione condotta sia in laboratorio che su rocce in sito, tendente a dimostrare l’esistenza di emissioni radio a bassissima frequenza (bande ELF, VF, VLF) in associazione alla sollecitazione meccanica di masse litoidi. Questo effetto supporta l’ipotesi che ha motivato sia la costruzione dell’apparecchio utilizzato nella rilevazione dei segnali che la tesi stessa: la possibilità di individuare nei segnali radiosismici un fenomeno precursore attendibile. L’effetto però si può estendere al monitoraggio della stabilità di versanti rocciosi (eventuale previsione di frane) e ad altre applicazioni geologiche di monitoraggio e prospezione. Il metodo consiste nello studio della radiazione elettromagnetica naturale in banda acustica (20 Hz – 20 kHz) in quanto questa si adatta più facilmente all’ordinaria disponibilità dei mezzi hardware e software. Ciò lo rende particolarmente accessibile a basso costo. Il fenomeno all’origine di queste emissioni può avere diversi modelli di interpretazione. Qui si farà riferimento in particolare a quello proposto dal candidato, senza tuttavia trascurare altre possibilità. Il rilevatore, chiamato “radiogeofono”, è stato costruito dal candidato appositamente per questo scopo. La sperimentazione in sito si è svolta in una cava di calcare massiccio su fronti abbattuti da volate di mine. La sperimentazione in laboratorio si è svolta su campioni di varie litologie (calc.massiccio, calcare a rudiste, scaglia variegata, porfido) sottoposti a compressione uniassiale. Oltre al radiogeofono sono stati impiegati sensori aerei e apparecchiature radio convenzionali per monitorare: onda acustica, onda di pressione, emissioni elettromagnetiche nelle bande HF e UHF. Le registrazioni analogiche sono state convertite in campionamenti digitali per poter essere sottoposte a processi software di filtraggio ed analisi numerica (oscillogrammi e spettrogrammi). Sono stati rilevati segnali emessi dalla roccia associabili alla variazione dello stato tensionale e alla successiva fratturazione sia in condizione di distensione (esperimenti in cava) che di compressione (esperimenti in laboratorio). E’ stato verificato che in banda E-VLF i segnali premonitori della rottura si possono rilevare sistematicamente. Tali emissioni hanno un’intensità massima in banda radioacustica che decresce all’aumentare della frequenza diventando quindi molto bassa sulle bande radiofoniche di maggiore utilizzazione. Il meccanismo di emissione, qualunque esso sia, si è dimostrato più o meno efficiente in funzione del tipo di roccia e delle condizioni di sforzo che la portano alla rottura. Lo studio delle emissioni elettromagnetiche naturali in banda ELF e VLF si è dimostrato dunque un metodo particolarmente promettente al fine di prevedere un sisma o comunque la rottura di una massa litoide.
    Description: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Roma "La Sapienza".
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Keywords: terremoto ; precursori sismici ; emissione elettromagnetica ; dilatanza ; microfratturazione ; VLF ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: thesis
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  • 6
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    Emissioni elettromagnetiche naturali in banda acustica come precursori di fenomeni sismici. (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: Lo studio prende in esame principalmente una porzione continua di spettro EM che si estende da 20 Hz a 20 kHz attraversando le bande radio ELF e VLF. La scelta di questa banda ha consentito un’accurata discriminazione dei fenomeni attraverso l’analisi spettrale del segnale EM, resa possibile dall’adozione di tecnologie già disponibili nel campo dei segnali acustici. Il fenomeno di emissione EM associata alla sollecitazione meccanica della roccia si presenta sotto forma di segnali impulsivi. In laboratorio si sono potute distinguere due categorie di segnale impulsivo, ciascuna caratterizzata da un proprio stile riconoscibile nell’analisi comparata della distribuzione spettrale, degli eventi e delle intensità. La sorgente dell’emissione può essere attribuita alla microfratturazione attraverso il modello della frattura in un dielettrico. Il potenziale generato su ogni singola frattura sembra essere dell’ordine delle centinaia di Volt e potrebbe raggiungere il migliaio. Il primo tipo di emissione (SIO), ad alta frequenza, è associabile meccanicamente alla formazione dei crack e indipendentemente dalla scala si può suddividere in insiemi di unità: impulsi, treni di impulsi ed episodi di emissione dei treni. Il secondo e più intenso tipo di sequenza (SID) è invece a bassa frequenza e associabile all’apertura delle fratture. In questo caso nella distribuzione temporale degli eventi si possono riconoscere degli episodi legati alla rottura da una relazione di proporzionalità. La fenomenologia nel suo complesso è stata osservata in ogni tipo di litologia esaminata con differenze non dipendenti direttamente dalla mineralogia ma piuttosto riconducibili all’omogeneità strutturale e allo stile deformativo del materiale. Malgrado questa variabilità abbia influenzato anche l’intensità dell’emissione, la sequenza SID, almeno nella fase parossistica, è osservabile in ogni prova e quindi la sua occorrenza appare sistematica. Nell’ambiente naturale in tre occasioni è stato riconosciuto un segnale riconducibile alla SIO, in tutti i casi associabile ad un sisma di magnitudo ≥ 4.5 succeduto nell’arco di 3~4 giorni. Rispetto all’emissione osservata in laboratorio mostra la stessa distribuzione spettrale e una distribuzione temporale analoga su scala maggiore. L’eventuale presenza dell’emissione SID potrebbe non essere stata risolta dal dispositivo di rilevamento. In generale sono ipotizzabili l’esistenza di una soglia di magnitudo legata all’occorrenza del precursore EM e la sistematicità della successione di un sisma all’emissione EM. E’ ipotizzabile inoltre la presenza di elementi utili alla previsione temporale dell’evento catastrofico nella caratterizzazione della variabilità del fenomeno stesso e la possibilità di risalire alla posizione della sorgente del segnale indipendentemente dalla direttività del sensore. Sebbene si tratti solo di ipotesi, le caratteristiche di questo tipo di precursore sarebbero tali da giustificare l’avanzamento di nuovi studi per la loro verifica.
    Description: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Roma "La Sapienza"
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Keywords: terremoto ; fenomeni precursori ; emissioni elettromagnetiche ; dilatanza ; microfratturazione ; VLF ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: thesis
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  • 7
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    GPR investigations at San Nicolò Church: a case-study from the 1669 eruption in the old settlement of Misterbianco (Etna, Sicily) (2024)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-21
    Description: Misterbianco, located on the southern slope of Mt. Etna (eastern Sicily), was destroyed in the past by two catastrophic events that raised the old town to the ground. The first was the great eruption of 1669, whose lava front buried dozens of villages encountered along its path, entirely destroying the architectural heritage of Etna's southern flank. The second event was the disastrous 1693 Val di Noto earthquake, which caused major destruction throughout south-eastern Sicily, also damaging the few still standing buildings in the town. The GPR survey performed at this site, 350 years after the eruption, allowed a first attempt of planimetric reconstruction of the San Nicolò Church. Starting from the site history, we present the results of an integrated approach that involves history, volcanology and geophysics aimed at addressing future archaeological excavations for the protection of archaeological and monumental assets in a difficult setting as this volcanic environment.
    Description: Published
    Description: 42-50
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: GPR, SfM,cultural heritage,Etna, 1669 eruption ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    From ambient vibration data analysis to 1D ground-motion prediction of the Mj 5.9 and the Mj 6.5 Kumamoto earthquakes in the Kumamoto alluvial plain, Japan (2024)
    Springer-Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-21
    Description: We present horizontal ground motion predictions at a soft site in the Kumamoto alluvial plain for the Mj 5.9 and Mj 6.5 Kumamoto earthquakes of April 2016, in the framework of an international blind prediction exercise. Such predictions were obtained by leveraging all available information which included: (i) analysis of earthquake ground motions; (ii) processing of ambient vibration data (AMV); and (iii) 1D ground response analysis. Spectral analysis of earthquake ground-motion data were used to obtain empirical estimates of the prediction site amplification function, with evidence of an amplification peak at about 1.2 Hz. Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio analysis of AMV confirmed this resonance frequency and pointed out also a low-frequency resonance around 0.3 Hz at the prediction site. AMV were then processed by cross-correlation, modified spatial autocorrelation and high-resolution beamforming methods to retrieve the 1D shear-wave velocity (Vs) structure at the prediction site by joint inversion of surface-wave dispersion and ellipticity curves. The use of low frequency dispersion curve and ellipticity data allowed to retrieve a reference Vs profile down to few thousand meters depth which was then used to perform 1D equivalent-linear simulations of the M 5.9 event, and both equivalent-linear and nonlinear simulations of the M 6.5 event at the target site. Adopting quantitative goodness-of-fit metrics based on time–frequency representation of the signals, we obtained fair-to-good agreement between 1D predictions and observations for the Mj 6.5 earthquake and a poor agreement for the Mj 5.9 earthquake. In terms of acceleration response spectra, while ground-motion overpredictions were obtained for the Mj 5.9 event, simulated ground motions for the Mj 6.5 earthquake severely underestimate the observations, especially those obtained by the nonlinear approach.
    Description: stituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), Rome, Italy.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105
    Description: OST4 Descrizione in tempo reale del terremoto, del maremoto, loro predicibilità e impatto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.06. Seismology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Seismo-Stratigraphic Data of Wave-Cut Marine Terraces in the Licosa Promontory (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) (2024)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-29
    Description: Some seismo-stratigraphic evidence on the occurrence of wave-cut marine terraces in the Licosa promontory (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) based on Sub-bottom Chirp seismic sections is herein presented. Such evidence is provided by marine terraced surfaces situated at various water depths below sea level and etched into the rocky acoustic basement, which are extensively extending in the seaward extension of the Licosa promontory. It is possible that the isotopic stratigraphy and the terraced marine surfaces are connected, so they can be attributed and dated indirectly. The geologic study of seismic profiles has pointed to the prominence of the acoustic basement, extending to the seabed close to the coast and subsiding seawards under the Quaternary marine succession. Ancient remains of marine terraces, found at a range of water depths between 5 m and 50 m, have documented the major morphological changes of the acoustic basement during the Late Quaternary.
    Description: Published
    Description: 392–418
    Description: OSA4: Ambiente marino, fascia costiera ed Oceanografia operativa
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: seismic stratigraphy ; marine terraces ; Licosa promontory ; acoustic basement ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    An Integrated Geophysical and Unmanned Aerial Systems Surveys for Multi-Sensory, Multi-Scale and Multi-Resolution Cave Detection: The Gravaglione Site (Canale di Pirro Polje, Apulia) (2024)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: Gravaglione represents one of the main swallow holes of the Canale di Pirro, low Murge, Apulia region, Italy. Here, after an intense rainstorm, a huge volume of rainwater accumulates at the surface. The drainage dynamics suggest that the Gravaglione could be part of a large, and potentially unknown, karst system. To verify this hypothesis and to acquire useful information on the possible karst environment features, an integrated aerial and geophysical multiscale and multimethod approach was applied. In particular, aerial photogrammetry, ground penetrating radar measurements and electrical resistivity tomography surveys were hence conducted and integrated to potentially detect the caves, define the subsurface volume possibly affected by karst systems and to verify the existence of links between the surficial morphology and the subsoil structure. The results provided interesting insights regarding the presence of a complex karst system extending up to 200 m b.g.l. and with a marked 3D nature. Overall, the Gravaglione case study demonstrates the geophysical approach validity and poses the basis for the development of an expeditive and low-cost high-resolution strategy for detecting and characterizing karst caves.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3820
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: karst environment ; cave detection ; ground penetrating radar ; electrical resistivity tomography ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 11
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    Fluid Accumulation Zone by Seismic Attributes and Amplitude Versus Offset Analysis at Solfatara Volcano, Campi Flegrei, Italy (2023)
    Frontiers Media S.A.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-22
    Description: The imaging of volcanic systems is a challenging topic that attracts the scientific community’s attention. The characterization of structures and rock properties by means of seismic active methods is becoming fundamental for providing ultra-high-resolution images of the structures of interest. The Solfatara Volcano is a quiescent volcano in the Campi Flegrei resurgent nested caldera that is continuously under investigation and monitoring for its shallow activity, such as fumaroles. The purpose of this work is to characterize the fluid accumulation zone in the first 150 m depth in the middle of the crater, using several post-stack seismic attributes and Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) analysis to characterize the contact between the CO2 and condensed water in the shallower accumulation zone. The two 400 m-long profiles to which we refer in this work have been acquired during the active Repeated InduCed Earthquakes and Noise experiment. The profiles were deployed along with the NNE-SSW and WNW-ESE directions across the whole surface of the crater including the main surface anomalies of the fumaroles, in the eastern area, and the mud-pool of Fangaia, located in the western area. The seismic pre-processing, pre-stack processing, and post-stack analysis previously applied on the NNE-SSW profile are here performed for the first time on the WNW-ESE profile, while partial-stack AVO analysis is performed for both profiles. The post-stack attributes including time gain, envelope, energy, and root mean square have been computed and extracted for determining the maximum and minimum values of amplitude zones on the migrated post-stack seismic profiles. Such anomalies are provided by complex and geometrical attributes embedding information on faults and chaotic zones. The AVO technique has also been used as a direct gas indicator to enhance fluid discrimination and identification. Finally, the analysis of the profile, seismic attributes, and near-surface structural interpretation related to the Solfatara Volcano has been incorporated into the proposed analysis. The multi-2D image depicts fluids trapped in the Solfatara Volcano at depths ranging from 10 to 50 m below the crater’s surface, as well as their migration paths up to 150 m deep: this evidenced contact between the fluids has been probably due to the solfataric alteration of the minerals, caused by the arising plume and the abovecondensed water which decreases the permeability of the rocks and forms an argillic phase working as cap-rock and trapping the gases. The application of the AVO analysis, coupled with the seismic attribute’s investigation, provides a very detailed multi-2D image of the shallower Solfatara Volcano, which outperforms in terms of accuracy the ones obtained with different tools in previous works, and that evidences the presence and the position of the liquid and the gases in the north-east area of the Solfatara Volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: 866534
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 12
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    Basin modeling constrains source rock position and dimension in the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-14
    Description: A two-dimensional basin and petroleum system modeling approach was applied to the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) to constrain some factors (position, lateral extension and maturity of the source rock, the role of fractures and faults in hydrocarbon migration) which influenced its structural evolution and the related migration pathways. The petroleum system extends from the Majella Mountain to the northern Cigno, Vallecupa, Bonanno oil fields, intensively explored during the past century. Some features, such as the location and extension of the source rock and its maturity, and hydrocarbon pathways, are still undefined. Thus, we developed a 3D geological static model of the Cenozoic carbonate succession and then, we performed basin modeling along a 2D geological section, integrating the petrophysical properties of rocks measured in laboratory. Our results prove that the Burano source rock reached a low-middle maturity, and the best representation of the actual hydrocarbon occurrences is reached when the source rock is at north of the Majella Mountain with a minimum extension of 3 km. For the BBPS a strong lateral migration and a gradual oil biodegradation towards the Majella area must be considered. Moreover, modeling results highlight a minor control of the faults on the migration in this area. This basin modeling is relevance for investigations in similar settings since carbonate-ramp reservoir studies are usually very challenging to be correctly modeled due to their high heterogeneities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105436
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Basin modeling ; Carbonate reservoir ; Geological modeling ; Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 13
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    Imaging the Absorbing Feeding and Eruptive Pathways of Deception Island, Antarctica (2023)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-30
    Description: Deception Island is one of the most active and best-documented volcanoes in Antarctica. Since its last eruption in 1970, several geophysical surveys have targeted reconstructing its magmatic systems. However, geophysics fails to reconstruct the pathways magma and fluids follow from depth to erupt at the surface. Here, novel data selection strategies and multi-frequency absorption inversions have been framed in a Geographical Information System, using all available geological (vents and faults distribution), geochemical and geophysical knowledge of the volcano. The result is the detection of these eruptive pathways. The model offers the first image of the magma and associated fluids pathways feed the 1967, 1969, and 1970 eruptions. Results suggest that future ascending paths might lead to active research bases and zones of planned helicopter rescue. The connection between seismic absorption, temperature, and fluid content makes it a promising attribute for detecting and monitoring eruptions at active calderas.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2022GL099540
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 14
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    Buried Alive: Imaging the 9 November 2022, Mw 5.5 Earthquake Source on the Offshore Adriatic Blind Thrust Front of the Northern Apennines (Italy) (2023)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-05
    Description: The prompt identification of faults responsible for moderate-to-large earthquakes is fundamental for understanding the likelihood of further, potentially damaging events. This is increasingly challenging when the activated fault is an offshore buried thrust, where neither coseismic surface ruptures nor GPS/InSAR deformation data are available after an earthquake. We show that on 9 November 2022, an Mw 5.5 earthquake offshore Pesaro ruptured a portion of the buried Northern Apennines thrust front (the Cornelia thrust system [CTS]). By post-processing and interpreting the seismic reflection profiles crossing this thrust system, we determined that the activated fault (CTS) is an arcuate 30-km-long, NW-SE striking, SW dipping thrust and that older structures at its footwall possibly influenced its position and geometry. The activation of adjacent segments of the thrust system is a plausible scenario that deserves to be further investigated to understand the full earthquake potential of this offshore seismogenic source.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2022GL102299
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic reflection profiles ; Structural geology ; blind thrust ; buried fault ; earthquake sequence ; seismogenic fault ; subsurface modelling ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 15
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    The Submarine Boundaries of Mount Etna’s Unstable Southeastern Flank (2022)
    Frontiers Media S.A.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-07
    Description: Coastal and ocean island volcanoes are renowned for having unstable flanks. This can lead to flank deformation on a variety of temporal and spatial scales ranging from slow creep to catastrophic sector collapse. A large section of these unstable flanks is often below sea level, where information on the volcano-tectonic structure and ground deformation is limited. Consequently, kinematic models that attempt to explain measured ground deformation onshore associated with flank instability are poorly constrained in the offshore area. Here, we attempt to determine the locations and the morpho-tectonic structures of the boundaries of the submerged unstable southeastern flank of Mount Etna (Italy). The integration of new marine data (bathymetry, microbathymetry, offshore seismicity, reflection seismic lines) and published marine data (bathymetry, seafloor geodesy, reflection seismic lines) allows identifying the lineament north of Catania Canyon as the southern lateral boundary with a high level of confidence. The northern and the distal (seaward) boundaries are less clear because no microbathymetric or seafloor geodetic data are available. Hypotheses for their locations are presented. Geophysical imaging suggests that the offshore Timpe Fault System is a shallow second-order structure that likely results from extensional deformation within the moving flank. Evidence for active uplift and compression upslope of the amphitheater-shaped depression from seismic data along with subsidence of the onshore Giarre Wedge block observed in ground deformation data leads us to propose that this block is a rotational slump, which moves on top of the large-scale instability. The new shoreline-crossing structural assessment may now inform and improve kinematic models.
    Description: Published
    Description: 810790
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: seafloor ; fault ; flank dynamics ; hydroacoustic ; geodesy ; seismic profiles ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.02. Data dissemination
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  • 16
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    The role of shale content and pore-water saturation on frictional properties of simulated carbonate faults (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: The presence of weak phyllosilicates in mature carbonate fault zones has been invoked to explain weak faults. However, the relation between frictional strength, fault stability, mineralogical composition, and fabric of fault gouge, composed of strong and weak minerals, is poorly constrained. We used a biaxial apparatus to systematically shear different mixtures of shale (68% clay, 23% quartz and 4% plagioclase) and calcite, as powdered gouge, at room temperature, under constant normal stresses of 30, 50, 100 MPa and under room-dry and pore fluid-saturated conditions, i.e. CaCO3-equilibrated water. We performed 30 friction experiments during which velocity-stepping and slide-hold-slide tests were employed to assess frictional stability and to measure frictional healing, respectively. Our frictional data indicate that the mineralogical composition of fault gouges significantly affects frictional strength, stability, and healing as well as the presence of CaCO3-equilibrated water. Under room-dry condition, the increasing shale content determines a reduction in frictional strength, from μ = 0.71 to μ = 0.43, a lowering of the healing rates and a transition from velocity-weakening to velocity-strengthening behavior. Under wet condition, with increasing shale content we observe a more significant reduction in frictional strength (μ = 0.65–0.37), a near-zero healing and a velocity strengthening behavior. Microstructural investigations evidence a transition from localized deformation promoted by grain size reduction, in calcite-rich samples, to a more distributed deformation with frictional sliding along clay-enriched shear planes in samples with shale content greater than 50%. For faults cutting across sedimentary sequences composed of carbonates and clay-rich sediments, our results suggest that clay concentration and its ability to form foliated and interconnected networks promotes important heterogeneities in fault strength and slip behavior.
    Description: Published
    Description: 228811
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Carbonate faults ; Fault slip behavior ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 17
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    Aeromagnetism (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-10
    Description: The airborne magnetic method was established a few decades ago, as a strong tool in mining and petroleum exploration. Several economically relevant discoveries are often credited to aeromagnetism. Geological reconnaissance and mapping, deep crustal and upper mantle studies, environmental characterization, and national and international security issues can greatly benefit from the aeromagnetic method, as compared with other geophysical prospecting schemes. The rapid rate of coverage and the low cost per unit area explored represent just a few among the many advantages of the technique. Consequently, large-scale airborne magnetic surveys have been carried out in various parts of the globe. The amount of direct discoveries of ore bodies by means of aeromagnetism is impressive. Large magnetic iron deposits found in the early 1960s are in Southern California, Missouri, Nevada, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Ontario, and elsewhere. In the field of petroleum exploration, the method has also been used, although with less direct application. Depth to magnetic basement estimation in sedimentary basins narrows down areas of interest where to conduct exploration surveys in detail by means of more costly methods. The most relevant use of airborne magnetic results is crustal imaging and characterization. Nowadays, geology is interpreted in three dimensions using a digital aeromagnetic map.
    Description: Published
    Description: 675-688
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: 5A. Ricerche polari e paleoclima
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: 6SR VULCANI – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Keywords: aeromagnetism ; potential fields ; magnetic anomaly ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.05. Geomagnetism ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 18
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    Revitalizing vintage seismic reflection profiles by converting into SEG-Y format: case studies from publicly available data on the Italian territory (2022)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-09
    Description: In recent decades, geological modeling has significantly evolved, relying on the growing potential of hardware and software to manage and integrate vast datasets of 2D-3D geophysical underground data. Therefore, digitization and integration with other forms of data can often improve understanding of geological systems, even when using so-called vintage or historical data. Seismic reflection data have been extensively acquired mainly for hydrocarbon exploration since the 60s generating large volumes of data. Typically, these data have been for private commercial use and are relatively unavailable for research. However, with time, large volumes of vintage seismic reflection data in many countries worldwide are now becoming publicly available through time-based de-classification schemes. Such data have a great potential for modern-day geo-research, unleashing opportunities to improve geological understanding through re-interpretation with modern methods. However, a downside of these vintage data is that they are often only available in analog (paper, raster) format. The vectorization of these data then constitutes an essential step for unlocking their research potential. In 2018 INGV established the SISMOLAB-3D infrastructure, which is mainly devoted to analyzing digital subsurface data, such as seismic reflection profiles and well-logs, to build 2D-3D geological models, principally for seismotectonics, seismic hazard assessment, and geo-resources applications. In this contribution, we discuss the robustness of the WIGGLE2SEGY code, firstly published by Sopher in 2018, focusing on examples from different tectonic and geodynamic contexts within Italian territory. We applied the SEG-Y conversion method to onshore and offshore raster seismic profiles related to ceased exploration permits, comparing the results with other published archives of SEG-Y data obtained from the conversion of vintage data. Such an approach results in digital SEG-Y files with unprecedented quality and detail. The systematic application of this method will allow the construction of a comprehensive dataset of digital SEG-Y seismic profiles across Italy, thereby expanding and sharing the INGV SISMOLAB-3D portfolio with the scientific community to foster innovative and advanced scientific analysis.
    Description: Published
    Description: DM538
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Vectorization of vintage seismic profiles into SEG-Y ; WIGGLE2SEGY MATLAB-based code ; Seismic profiles digital database ; Italian territory ; 2D/3D geological models ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.06. Methods ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
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  • 19
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    Laser Scanning Investigation and Geophysical Monitoring to Characterise Cultural Heritage Current State and Threat by Traffic-Induce Vibrations: The Villa Farnesina in Rome (2022)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-21
    Description: A multidisciplinary approach is often the only way to assess the state of the cultural heritage, thus involving different specialist expertise and techniques. The paper shows the paired use of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and geophysical monitoring (GM) to detect past effects and analyse the actual vibration levels induced by traffic on cultural heritage. The case study is the Villa Farnesina, one of the most important Renaissance buildings commissioned by the banker Agostino Chigi. The Villa contains frescoes attributed to Raphael and other famous 16th century artists, and it is located a few meters from the Lungotevere, which is one of the busiest roads in the historic centre of Rome. Testimonies report the damages caused by the construction of the embankment of the Tiber River, as well as by the traffic in the second half of the 20th century, so much so as to require requalification of the road artery. The TLS survey allows for detecting cracks and deteriorations of the frescoes, although these were subjected to restoration activities over the time, whereas the (GM) allows analysing actual vibrations induced by traffic at the different floors and outside the Villa. Although the measured vibration limits, as velocity peaks in defined frequency ranges, are below the thresholds established by international codes, the importance of the wall paintings and their already-shown susceptibility to damage suggest keeping the building under constant monitoring.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5818
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: terrestrial laser scanning ; geophysical monitoring ; cultural heritage ; traffic-induced vibrations ; Raphael’s frescoes ; Villa Farnesina ; Lodge of Galatea ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 20
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    Strain Pattern and Kinematics of the Canary Islands from GNSS Time Series Analysis (2021)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-04
    Description: Following the 2004 seismic unrest at Tenerife and the 2011–2012 submarine eruption at El Hierro, the number of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observation sites in the Canary Islands (Spain) has increased, offering scientists a useful tool with which to infer the kinematics and present-day surface deformation of the Canary sector of the Atlantic Ocean. We take advantage of the common-mode component filtering technique to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the velocities retrieved from the daily solutions of 18 permanent GNSS stations distributed in the Canaries. The analysis of GNSS time series spanning the period 2011–2017 enabled us to characterize major regions of deformation along the archipelago through the mapping of the 2D infinitesimal strain field. By applying the triangular segmentation approach to GNSS velocities, we unveil a variable kinematic behaviour within the islands. The retrieved extension pattern shows areas of maximum deformation west of Tenerife, Gran Canaria and Fuerteventura. For the submarine main seismogenic fault between Tenerife and Gran Canaria, we simulated the horizontal deformation and strain due to one of the strongest (mbLg 5.2) earthquakes of the region. The seismic areas between islands, mainly offshore Tenerife and Gran Canaria, seem mainly influenced by the regional tectonic stress, not the local volcanic activity. In addition, the analysis of the maximum shear strain confirms that the regional stress field influences the E–W and NE–SW tectonic lineaments, which, in accordance with the extensional and compressional tectonic regimes identified, might favour episodes of volcanism in the Canary Islands.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3297
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: GNSS time series ; kinematics and ground deformation ; Canary Islands ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology
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  • 21
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    Geodetic Study of the 2006–2010 Ground Deformation in La Palma (Canary Islands): Observational Results (2021)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-07
    Description: La Palma is one of the youngest of the Canary Islands, and historically the most active. The recent activity and unrest in the archipelago, the moderate seismicity observed in 2017 and 2018 and the possibility of catastrophic landslides related to the Cumbre Vieja volcano have made it strongly advisable to ensure a realistic knowledge of the background surface deformation on the island. This will then allow any anomalous deformation related to potential volcanic unrest on the island to be detected by monitoring the surface deformation. We describe here the observation results obtained during the 2006–2010 period using geodetic techniques such as Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Advanced Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (A-DInSAR) and microgravimetry. These results show that, although there are no significant associated variations in gravity, there is a clear surface deformation that is spatially and temporally variable. Our results are discussed from the point of view of the unrest and its implications for the definition of an operational geodetic monitoring system for the island
    Description: This research was mainly funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades research project DEEP-MAPS, grant agreement number RTI2018-093874-B-I00. It was also partially supported by the CSIC project 201530E019 and the project GEOSIR, grant agreement AYA2010-17448 from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2566
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: A-DInSAR ; GNSS ; gravimetry ; La Palma ; Canary Islands ; volcanic unrest ; 04. Solid Earth ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 22
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    Natural sources of CO2 and radon at Topolšica geothermal area (Šalek Valley, Slovenia) (2021)
    Visoka šola za varstvo okolja, Velenje
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-25
    Description: Carbon dioxide, radon and methane gases were measured in the Topolšica area in water wells and in diffuse emissions in order to model the mechanisms of gas transport to the surface through a faulted geothermal area. As expected, the largest gas emissions were found near the main fault planes or in areas were minor shallow crustal fractures occur, thus pointing to the fundamental role of faults in driving the rise of deep hot fluids to the surface. The source of CO2 was likely deep, whereas radon is probably shallower (hydrothermal) and was carried to the surface by the high CO2 flux. Occurrence of high concentrations of free gases in the water wells can be explained with mixing of deep hydrothermal fluids with shallow cold groundwaters and with different dissolution of gases into the latter. The results have shown the existence of an important geothermal potential in the area and the need for a better monitoring of radon accumulation into buildings to prevent health problems.
    Description: Published
    Description: 16-22
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Keywords: Soil CO2 flux ; soil radon ; geothermal systems ; Slovenia ; faults ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 23
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    Deformation and Fault Propagation at the Lateral Termination of a Subduction Zone: The Alfeo Fault System in the Calabrian Arc, Southern Italy (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-04
    Description: The Calabrian Arc subduction, southern Italy, is a critical structural element in the geodynamic evolution of the central Mediterranean basin. It is a narrow, northwestdipping slab bordered to the southwest by the Alfeo Fault System (AFS) and to the northeast by a gradual transition to a collision. We used a dense set of two-dimensional high-penetration (up to 12 s) multichannel seismic reflection profiles to build a threedimensional model that spans the AFS for over 180 km of its length. We find that the AFS is made up of four deep-seated major blind segments that cut through the lower plate, offset the subduction interface, and only partially propagate upward across the accretionary wedge in the upper plate. These faults evolve with a scissor-like mechanism (mode III of rupture propagation). The shallow part of the accretionary wedge is affected by secondary deformation features well aligned with the AFS at depth but also mechanically decoupled from it. Despite the decoupling, the syn-tectonic Pliocene-Holocene deposits that fill in the accommodation space generated by the AFS activity at depth, constrain the age of inception of the AFS and allows us to estimate its throw and propagation rates. The maximum throw value is 6,000 m in the NW sector and decreases to the SE. Considering the age of faulting, the fault throw rate decreases accordingly from 2.31 mm/yr to 1 mm/yr. The propagation rate decreases from 62 mm/yr to 15 mm/yr during the Pliocene-Pleistocene, suggesting that also the Calabrian subduction process should have slowed down accordingly. The detailed spatial and temporal reconstruction of this type of faults can reveal necessary information about the evolution of subduction systems.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 107
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: tear fault ; fault propagation ; decoupling ; subduction ; Calabrian Arc ; Italy ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
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  • 24
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    Crustal deformation, active tectonics and seismic potential in the Sicily Channel (Central Mediterranean), along the Nubia-Eurasia plate boundary (2021)
    Nature P.G.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-07
    Description: Based on multidisciplinary data, including seismological and geodetic observations, as well as seismic reflection profiles and gravity maps, we analysed the pattern of crustal deformation and active tectonics in the Sicily Channel, a key observation point to unravel the complex interaction between two major plates, Nubia and Eurasia, in the Mediterranean Sea. Our data highlight the presence of an active ~ 220-km-long complex lithospheric fault system (here named the Lampedusa-Sciacca Shear Zone), approximately oriented N-S, crossing the study area with left-lateral strike-slip deformations, active volcanism and high heat flow. We suggest that this shear zone represents the most active tectonic domain in the area, while the NW-SE elongated rifting pattern, considered the first order tectonic feature, appears currently inactive and sealed by undeformed recent (Lower Pleistocene?) deposits. Estimates of seismological and geodetic moment-rates, 6.58 × 1015 Nm/year and 7.24 × 1017 Nm/year, respectively, suggests that seismicity accounts only for ~ 0.9% of crustal deformation, while the anomalous thermal state and the low thickness of the crust would significantly inhibit frictional sliding in favour of creeping and aseismic deformation. We therefore conclude that a significant amount of the estimated crustal deformation-rate occurs aseismically, opening new scenarios for seismic risk assessments in the region.
    Description: Published
    Description: 21238
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04. Solid Earth ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.06. Seismology
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  • 25
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    Response: Commentary: Deformation and Fault Propagation at the Lateral Termination of a Subduction Zone: The Alfeo Fault System in the Calabrian Arc, Southern Italy (2021)
    Frontiers
    In:  Argnani, A. (2020). Commentary: deformation and fault propagation at the lateral termination of a subduction zone: the Alfeo Fault system in the calabrian Arc, southern Italy. Front. Earth Sci. 8, 602506. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.602506
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: Argnani (2020) raised concerns about our interpretation of the Alfeo Fault System (AFS) as a lithospheric tear bounding the Calabrian Arc (Maesano et al., 2020). Some of these concerns arise from elements overlooked by Argnani (2020); others are marginally related to our work; none of them implies possible changes in our results in the absence of newer data. We briefly discuss these issues in the following.
    Description: Published
    Description: 644544
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: lithospheric tear fault ; seismic stratigraphy ; Calabrian subduction ; Ionian Sea ; Italy ; decoupling ; fault propagation ; Calabrian Arc ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 26
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    Integrated use of unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning to support archaeological analysis: The Acropolis of Selinunte case (Sicily, Italy) (2021)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-14
    Description: Southwestern Sicily is an area of infrequent seismic activity; however, some studies carried out in the archaeological Selinunte site suggest that, between the fourth century BC and the early Middle Ages, probably at least two earthquakes strucked this area with enough energy to damage and cause the collapse and kinematics of much of the architecture of Selinunte. Take into account that, in 2008, a noninvasive archaeological prospection and traditional data gathering methods along the Acropolis north fortifications were carried out. Following these first studies, after about 10 years, a new geophysical campaign was carried out. This second campaign benefited from the application of modern technologies for the acquisition and processing of the point cloud data on the northern part of the Acropolis, like terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry. In this paper, we present the application of these techniques and a strategy for their integration for the 3D modelling of buildings and cultural heritages. We show how the integration of data acquired independently by these two techniques is an added value able to overcome the intrinsic limits of the individual techniques. The application to Selinunte's Acropolis allowed it to highlight and measure with high accuracy fractures, dislocation, inclinations of walls, depressions of some areas and other interesting observations, which may be important starting points for future investigations.
    Description: Published
    Description: 153-165
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 3D reconstruction ; archaeological survey ; digital elevation model ; Selinunte Archaeological Park ; terrestrial laser scanning ; unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.02. Data dissemination ; 05.06. Methods
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  • 27
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    Multidisciplinary study of the “Salinelle" of Paternò mud volcanoes: characteristics of the fluids and possible correlations with Mt. Etna activity (2021)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-07
    Description: Monitoring of hydrothermal fluid emissions can provide detailed information about convective upwelling of geothermal fluids and their geochemical characteristics, as a function of tectonic stress or deeper gas input. In particular, at the Salinelle of Mt. Etna Geosite (Paternò and Belpasso, Eastern Sicily) natural emissions mainly consist of a fluid phase made of salty water, mud, gas and liquid hydrocarbons from an admixture of magmatic and hydrothermal gases. In this framework, our study mainly focused on the thermal and geochemical monitoring of hydrothermal fluids of the most active site, Salinelle dei Cappuccini. Nearby hydrothermal vents (Salinelle del Fiume; Salinelle di San Biagio), were also investigated. Analysis of the magnitude and frequency of seismic events all around Mt. Etna were conducted as well. Analysis of daily temperatures showed a constant trend: higher values (〉 35° C) within the first monitoring period, followed by a strong decrease (down to 9° C), and a new gradual increase over the following months. This trend seems to be linked to magmatic processes occurring at depth below Mt. Etna, and could lead to a modification of the geochemical and thermal characteristics of the fluids issuing at the mud-pools and gas vents of Salinelle. The higher the frequency of seismic events corresponding to higher daily energy released, the higher fluid temperatures observed. Understanding how these fluids blend and what is their relationship with Mt. Etna volcanism can be of great importance in forecasting new eruptive cycles in the case they precede changes in volcanic activity.
    Description: Published
    Description: GD670
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Salinelle ; Mud volcanoes ; Mt. Etna ; Geothermal fluids ; Hydrothermal fluid emissions ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 28
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    Geopsy: A User-Friendly Open-Source Tool Set for Ambient Vibration Processing (2021)
    SSA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-04
    Description: Ambient vibrations are nowadays considerably used worldwide for numerous types of engineering applications and scientific research. Geopsy and its companion tools are part of that landscape. Since the first release of the program package in 2005, as outcome of the European Union project Site Effects aSsessment from AMbient noisE, Geopsy has become a mature multiplatform open-source package (released under GNU Public License version 3) that has already been recognized as a reference tool for analyzing ambient vibration data in the context of site characterization studies. The community of users has grown from a core group of researchers up to thousands of seismologists and engineers on every career level and on all continents. The versatility of geopsy allows for the processing of all kinds of data needed in site characterization studies, that is, from single station single trace to three-component array recordings. In all of the aforementioned cases, the steps from field acquisition to the production of publication-ready figures are covered and supported by user-friendly graphical user interfaces or corresponding command-line tools for the automation of the complete processing chain. To avoid black-box usage, a number of lower-level tools guarantee maximum flexibility in accessing and controlling processing results at any stage of the analysis
    Description: Published
    Description: 1878–1889
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
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  • 29
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    Data set on diffuse soil CO2 flux measurements and electrical resistivity profiles in Tor di Quinto area (Rome, Italy) (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-30
    Description: INGV
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Keywords: Tor di Quinto, Rome ; Diffuse soil CO2 flux survey ; Electrical resistivity tomography survey ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: web product
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  • 30
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    Probabilistic Assessment of Slip Rates and Their Variability Over Time of Offshore Buried Thrusts: A Case Study in the Northern Adriatic Sea (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-01
    Description: When sedimentation rates overtake tectonic rates, the detection of ongoing tectonic deformation signatures becomes particularly challenging. The Northern Apennines orogen is one such case where a thick Plio-Pleistocene foredeep sedimentary cover blankets the fold-and-thrust belt, straddling from onshore (Po Plain) to offshore (Adriatic Sea), leading to subtle or null topo-bathymetric expression of the buried structures. The seismic activity historically recorded in the region is moderate; nonetheless, seismic sequences nearing magnitude 6 punctuated the last century, and even some small tsunamis were reported in the coastal locations following the occurrence of offshore earthquakes. In this work, we tackled the problem of assessing the potential activity of buried thrusts by analyzing a rich dataset of 2D seismic reflection profiles and wells in a sector of the Northern Apennines chain located in the near-offshore of the Adriatic Sea. This analysis enabled us to reconstruct the 3D geometry of eleven buried thrusts. We then documented the last 4 Myr slip history of four of such thrusts intersected by two high-quality regional cross-sections that were depth converted and restored. Based on eight stratigraphic horizons with well-constrained age determinations (Zanclean to Middle Pleistocene), we determined the slip and slip rates necessary to recover the observed horizon deformation. The slip rates are presented through probability density functions that consider the uncertainties derived from the horizon ages and the restoration process. Our results show that the thrust activation proceeds from the inner to the outer position in the chain. The slip history reveals an exponential reduction over time, implying decelerating slip-rates spanning three orders of magnitudes (from a few millimeters to a few hundredths of millimeters per year) with a major slip-rate change around 1.5 Ma. In agreement with previous works, these findings confirm the slip rate deceleration as a widespread behavior of the Northern Apennines thrust faults.
    Description: Published
    Description: 664288
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: active fault ; buried thrust ; slip rate ; trishear ; restoration ; sediment decompaction ; Northern Apennines ; Italy ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
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  • 31
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    3D Deep Electrical Resistivity Tomography of the Lusi Eruption Site in East Java (2021)
    Wiley-Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-20
    Description: Lusi is a sediment-hosted geothermal system relentlessly erupting since May 2006 in the East Java back-arc sedimentary basin. Lusi provides the unprecedented opportunity to study the development of the early phases of a new-born piercement structure and its impact on society. In order to investigate the shallow plumbing system of this large-scale eruption, we deployed a pool of 25 IRIS V-Fullwavers to conduct a 3D deep electrical resistivity tomography extending over ∼15 km2 around the eruption site. The inverted data reveal the structure of the subsided area hosting the region where a mix of groundwater, mud breccia, hydrocarbons and boiling hydrothermal fluids are stored. Our investigation also points out the link between a well-developed fault system and the upwelling of the deep-seated fluids that initiated, and still drive, the development of the new-born Lusi eruption.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2021GL092632
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Extensive 3D deep electrical resistivity tomography ; Lusi Eruption Site in East Java ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
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  • 32
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    Appunti sulle tecniche di prospezione elettrica, ERT e 3D.ERT con georesistivimetro Syscal Pro (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Si tratta di appunti ordinati in modo tale da poter rappresentare una guida tecnica alle operazioni di pianificazione, messa in opera ed elaborazione dati in una campagna di misure ERT. Lo stile essenziale e schematico si rivolge agli addetti ai lavori per rappresentare uno strumento di rapida consultazione o di aggiornamento sulla tecnica 3D. Il testo si presenta in forma di procedure e tavole sinottiche per rappresentare uno strumento di rapida consultazione o di verifica nel momento della necessità pratica. Le varie tecniche descritte derivano in gran parte dallo studio dei manuali e dall’esperienza diretta. Per questo motivo manca una bibliografia ma si troveranno dei riferimenti al software impiegato. Questa esperienza è stata maturata su un dispositivo Syscal Pro a 72 elettrodi e di conseguenza ogni applicazione pratica è riferita nel dettaglio a questo strumento e al software ad esso compatibile. Le tecniche e le procedure descritte possono tuttavia essere riproducibili o adattabili con altre attrezzature. Questa guida è diretta quindi al mondo dei professionisti e della ricerca geofisica ma i primi capitoli possono essere utili anche agli studenti dei corsi universitari di Geofisica Applicata. Il primo capitolo offre un’introduzione teorica essenziale pensata per i geologi. Il secondo descrive la tecnica in modo altrettanto essenziale.
    Description: INGV
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Keywords: ERT ; Tomografia elettrica ; Syscal ; SEV ; SEO ; Geoelettrica ; prospezione ; 3d ERT ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
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  • 33
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    Practical Issues in Monitoring a Hydrocarbon Cultivation Activity in Italy: The Pilot Project at the Cavone Oil Field (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-12
    Description: In this paper we describe the results of an experimental implementation of the recent guidelines issued by the Italian regulatory body for monitoring hydrocarbon production activities. In particular, we report about the pilot study on seismic, deformation, and pore pressure monitoring of the Mirandola hydrocarbon cultivation facility in Northern Italy. This site hosts the Cavone oil field that was speculated of possibly influencing the 2012 ML 5.8 Mirandola earthquake source. According to the guidelines, the monitoring center should analyse geophysical measurements related to seismicity, crustal deformation and pore pressure in quasi real-time (within 24–48 h). A traffic light system would then be used to regulate underground operations in case of detecting significant earthquakes (i.e., events with size and location included in critical ranges). For these 2-year period of guidelines experimentation, we analysed all different kinds of available data, and we tested the existence of possible relationship between their temporal trends. Despite the short time window and the scarce quantity of data collected, we performed the required analysis and extracted as much meaningful and statistically reliable information from the data. We discuss here the most important observations drawn from the monitoring results, and highlight the lessons learned by describing practical issues and limitations that we have encountered in carrying out the tasks as defined in the guidelines. Our main goal is to contribute to the discussion about how to better monitor the geophysical impact of this kind of anthropogenic activity. We point out the importance of a wider seismic network but, mostly, of borehole sensors to improve microseismic detection capabilities. Moreover, the lack of an assessment of background seismicity in an unperturbed situation -due to long life extraction activities- makes it difficult to get a proper picture of natural background seismic activity, which would be instead an essential reference information for a tectonically-active regions, such as Northern Italy.
    Description: “Convenzione tra il comune di San Possidonio e l’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia -I.N.G.V.- per l’attuazione del monitoraggio nella concessione di coltivazione idrocarburi “Mirandola” finalizzata alla messa in opera di attività di monitoraggio di sperimentazione degli indirizzi e linee guida per i monitoraggi ILG ed assunzione funzioni di Struttura Preposta al Monitoraggio di cui all’art. 6 del Protocollo Operativo”
    Description: Published
    Description: 685300
    Description: 3SR TERREMOTI - Attività dei Centri
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Italian guidelines for monitoring industrial activities ; induced seismicity ; pore pressure monitoring ; deformation monitoring ; seismic monitoring ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.09. Miscellaneous ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.03. Geodesy
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  • 34
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    An Integrated Multiscale Method for the Characterisation of Active Faults in Offshore Areas. The Case of Sant’Eufemia Gulf (Offshore Calabria, Italy) (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-27
    Description: Diagnostic morphological features (e.g., rectilinear seafloor scarps) and lateral offsets of the Upper Quaternary deposits are used to infer active faults in offshore areas. Although they deform a significant seafloor region, the active faults are not necessarily capable of producing large earthquakes as they correspond to shallow structures formed in response to local stresses. We present a multiscale approach to reconstruct the structural pattern in offshore areas and distinguish between shallow, non-seismogenic, active faults, and deep blind faults, potentially associated with large seismic moment release. The approach is based on the interpretation of marine seismic reflection data and quantitative morphometric analysis of multibeam bathymetry, and tested on the Sant’Eufemia Gulf (southeastern Tyrrhenian Sea). Data highlights the occurrence of three major tectonic events since the Late Miocene. The first extensional or transtensional phase occurred during the Late Miocene. Since the Early Pliocene, a right-lateral transpressional tectonic event caused the positive inversion of deep (〉3 km) tectonic features, and the formation of NE-SW faults in the central sector of the gulf. Also, NNE-SSW to NE-SW trending anticlines (e.g., Maida Ridge) developed in the eastern part of the area. Since the Early Pleistocene (Calabrian), shallow (〈1.5 km) NNE-SSW oriented structures formed in a left-lateral transtensional regime. The new results integrated with previous literature indicates that the Late Miocene to Recent transpressional/transtensional structures developed in an ∼E-W oriented main displacement zone that extends from the Sant’Eufemia Gulf to the Squillace Basin (Ionian offshore), and likely represents the upper plate response to a tear fault of the lower plate. The quantitative morphometric analysis of the study area and the bathymetric analysis of the Angitola Canyon indicate that NNE-SSW to NE-SW trending anticlines were negatively reactivated during the last tectonic phase. We also suggest that the deep structure below the Maida Ridge may correspond to the seismogenic source of the large magnitude earthquake that struck the western Calabrian region in 1905. The multiscale approach contributes to understanding the tectonic imprint of active faults from different hierarchical orders and the geometry of seismogenic faults developed in a lithospheric strike-slip zone orthogonal to the Calabrian Arc.
    Description: Published
    Description: 670557
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Active tectonics ; Calabrian Arc (Italy) ; southern Tyrrhenian sea ; slab-tear fault ; high-resolution seismic data ; morphotectonic analysis ; 1905 earthquake ; seismogenic sources ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 35
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    Assessment of a low-enthalpy geothermal resource and evaluation of the natural CO2 output in the Tor di Quinto area (Rome city, Italy) (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-09
    Description: Rome Capital City is located in a high heat flux area of central Italy, suitable for low-enthalpy geothermal exploitation. In the central-northern part of the city, near Tor di Quinto hippodrome close to Tiber River, a wide undeveloped area occurs, which is a possible future urban development site. We present the results of a geochemical and geophysical study aimed at assessing the presence in this zone of a low-enthalpy geothermal aquifer and at evaluating its depth, thickness and the physico-chemical characteristics of the geothermal water. Furthermore the natural CO2 output of this zone has been investigated. A soil CO2 flux survey with 551 measurements over a surface of 3.09 km2 revealed the presence of parallel NW-SE trending positive flux anomalies. The total CO2 output was estimated to 87.77 t*day-1, most of which (85 %) of endogenous or mixed origin. An Electrical Resistivity Tomography survey, consisting of five parallel 355 m long and 100 m spaced profiles, allowed the reconstruction of the stratigraphy of the underground sediments, which are fluvial deposits of the near Tiber River. The geothermal water is hosted in a low-resistivity layer, corresponding to the Tiber base gravels, which are here 20 m thick and whose top is 40 m below the surface. The water has a nearly constant temperature of 17.5 °C, a relatively high salinity and an appreciable content in dissolved gas. This low-enthalpy resource is suitable for direct uses, e.g. individual and district heating/cooling, sanitary hot water, spa facilities for swimming and bathing.
    Description: This work was partially supported by the INGV AMUSED research project (CUP D59C19000100005)
    Description: Published
    Description: 102298
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Low enthalpy geothermal aquifer Rome ; water chemistry ; diffuse soil CO2 output ; Electrical Resistivity Tomography ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 36
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    Magnetic Expression of Hydrothermal Systems Hosted by Submarine Calderas in Subduction Settings: Examples from the Palinuro and Brothers Volcanoes (2021)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-15
    Description: Volcanism is the most widespread expression of cyclic processes of formation and/or destruction that shape the Earth’s surface. Calderas are morphological depressions resulting from the collapse of a magma chamber following large eruptions and are commonly found in subduction-related tectono-magmatic regimes, such as arc and back-arc settings. Some of the most impressive examples of seafloor hydrothermal venting occur within submarine calderas. Here, we show the results of magnetic investigations at two hydrothermally active submarine calderas, i.e., Palinuro Seamount in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy, and Brothers volcano of the Kermadec arc, New Zealand. These volcanoes occur in different geodynamic settings but show similarities in the development of their hydrothermal systems, both of which are hosted within calderas. We present a new integrated model based on morphological, geological and magnetic data for the Palinuro caldera, and we compare this with the well-established model of Brothers caldera, highlighting the differences and common features in the geophysical expressions of both hydrothermal systems. For consistency with the results at Brothers volcano, we build a model of demagnetised areas associated with hydrothermal alteration derived from 3D inversion of magnetic data. Both these models for Brothers and Palinuro show that hydrothermal up-flow zones are strongly controlled by caldera structures which provide large-scale permeability pathways, favouring circulation of the hydrothermal fluids at depth.
    Description: Published
    Description: 504
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: magnetic anomalies ; submarine volcanism ; caldera structures ; hydrothermal fields; ; massive sulphide deposits ; inverse algorithm ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 37
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    The Pisciarelli main fumarole mechanisms reconstructed by electrical resistivity and induced polarization imaging (2021)
    Nature PG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-16
    Description: Pisciarelli, together with the adjacent Solfatara maar-diatreme, represents the most active structure of the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) in terms of degassing and seismic activity. This paper aims to define the structure of the Pisciarelli hydrothermal system (down to a 20 m depth) through electrical resistivity and time-domain-induced polarization tomography and self-potential mapping. The retrieved 3D image of the area helps reconstruct the Pisciarelli subsurface in its area of maximum degassing, containing the main fumarole ("soffione") and the mud pool. In particular, a channel has been identified in which fluids stored in a deeper reservoir rise toward the surface. Such a structure seems to be surmounted by a clay-cap formation that could govern the circulation of fluids and the abundance of gases/vapors emitted by the soffione. Based on this new reconstruction of the Pisciarelli fumarolic field structural setting, the first conceptual model has been suggested that is capable of simultaneously explaining the mechanisms governing soffione activity and elucidating the role played by the fluid/gas of deeper origin in the shallow fluid circulation system. The proposed model can potentially help to better monitor the processes occurring throughout the Pisciarelli fumarolic field and provide an evaluation of the associated hazards.
    Description: Published
    Description: 18639
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei caldera ; Pisciarelli fumarolic field ; electrical resistivity imaging ; induced polarization imaging ; 04. Solid Earth ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology
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  • 38
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    Volcano‐Tectonic Setting of the Pisciarelli Fumarole Field, Campi Flegrei Caldera, Southern Italy: Insights Into Fluid Circulation Patterns and Hazard Scenarios (2021)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-16
    Description: Phreatic and hydrothermal eruptions are small energetic explosive events that generally have few to no precursors and represent a considerable hazard in tourist and urban areas. At the Campi Flegrei caldera, these events have occurred at the Solfatara volcano and have likely occurred at the nearby Pisciarelli site, where the most powerful hydrothermal phenomena are located. Here, increased hydrothermal activity has caused relevant morphological changes that has led local authorities to deny access to the site. Stratigraphic, structural, and geophysical investigations have allowed us to reconstruct the volcano-tectonic setting of the area. In particular, we have recognized a fault system and related damage zones that act as the preferred pathway for hydrothermal fluids in the caldera. At the surface, these faults control the migration and/or accumulation of deep-seated gases into the subsoil and the formation of fumaroles and mud pools. We have recognized two main fault systems with different ages that show variable displacements. The electrical anomalies identified by electrical resistivity tomography further highlight the main fault pattern and show the interplay between volcano-tectonic structures and fluid circulation. Host rocks and fault zones may be involved in self-sealing processes and/or rock failure phenomena capable of modifying the fluid pathways and establishing favorable conditions, leading to overpressure and/or rapid decompression of fluids and triggering an explosive event. Furthermore, stratigraphic mapping shows fossil mud pool sediments embedded in an old debris flow located above the modern hydrothermal system. This implies that they were at a higher elevation when they formed. The morphotectonic evolution and intense rock alterations in the area could promote further landslide episodes, producing debris-flow deposits that can cover the active area and possibly trigger hydrothermal/ phreatic events.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020TC006227
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: fault system ; hydrothermal fluids ; geoelectrical image ; volcanic hazard ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.04. Geology
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  • 39
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    Investigation of the Norcia basin (Central Italy) through ambient vibration measurements and geological surveys (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-21
    Description: During the 2016–2017, a seismic sequence struck the Central Italy, involving four regions (Umbria, Marche, Abruzzo and Lazio) and causing important damages and victims in inhabited areas such as Norcia and Amatrice towns. The strongest event of the seismic sequence was a Mw 6.5 event with epicenter at about 5 km far from the Norcia area, which is an intermontane basin prone to ground motion amplification. The historical town of Norcia and the surrounding hamlets were recently investigated by the microzonation activity, but information on the geometry and velocity are still partial considering the entire basin. Indeed, past studies aimed at reconstructing the elastic and geometrical properties focusing mainly on the northern part of the basin. Specifically in this paper, we integrated seismic and geological data to get a better knowledge of the properties of the Quaternary Norcia basin. A geological survey was carried out to provide a geological map and three geological cross-sections. We analyzed new seismic ambient vibrations data, collected by single-seismic stations, to infer the distribution of resonant frequency (f0) for the entire basin. We used passive arrays of seismic stations to better define the velocity profiles of the area. In the northern part of the basin, two 2D arrays with elliptical-like shapes were deployed showing strong discrepancies of the elastic soil properties in proximity of Norcia town. We found shear-wave velocities of the near-surface profile of about 300–400 and 500–800 m/s in presence of palustrine and alluvial fan deposits, respectively. Further, the values of f0 are abruptly varying from 0.5 Hz in the SW sector of Norcia village up to 2 Hz in its NE sector. Ambient vibration data reveal less pronounced variation of f0 in the southern part of the basin, with resonant values that are almost in the range 1–1.3 Hz. In the southern sector, a 1D array was arranged along a 5-km line and was analyzed by means of seismic noise cross-correlation analysis suggesting the presence of a deeper seismic contrast. The integration of geophysical and geological results has allowed to infer insights on the subsurface geometry of the basin.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105501
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
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  • 40
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    Lessons from April 6, 2009 L’Aquila earthquake to enhance microzoning studies in near-field urban areas (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-13
    Description: This study focuses on two weak points of the present procedure to carry out microzoning study in near-field areas: (1) the Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs), commonly used in the reference seismic hazard (RSH) assessment; (2) the ambient noise measurements to define the natural frequency of the near surface soils and the bedrock depth. The limitations of these approaches will be discussed throughout the paper based on the worldwide and Italian experiences performed after the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake and then confirmed by the most recent 2012 Emilia Romagna earthquake and the 2016–17 Central Italy seismic sequence. The critical issues faced are (A) the high variability of peak ground acceleration (PGA) values within the first 20–30 km far from the source which are not robustly interpolated by the GMPEs,(B) at the level 1 microzoning activity, the soil seismic response under strong motion shaking is characterized by microtremors’ horizontal to vertical spectral ratios (HVSR) according to Nakamura’s method. This latter technique is commonly applied not being fully compliant with the rules fixed by European scientists in 2004, after a 3-year project named Site EffectS assessment using AMbient Excitations (SESAME). Hereinafter, some “best practices” from recent Italian and International experiences of seismic hazard estimation and microzonation studies are reported in order to put forward two proposals: (a) to formulate site-specific GMPEs in near-field areas in terms of PGA and (b) to record microtremor measurements following accurately the SESAME advice in order to get robust and repeatable HVSR values and to limit their use to those geological contests that are actually horizontally layered.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 11
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: earthquake ; site effects ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 41
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    Constraints on the Structure of the Shallow Crust in Central Italy from Geophysical Log Data (2020)
    Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-21
    Description: To better define the seismic velocities of the shallow crust in central Italy, in the area affected by the 1997 Colfiorito, 2009 L’Aquila and 2016–2018 Amatrice–Norcia seismic sequences, we selected all deep wells with available sonic logs from the Apennine belt to the related Adriatic foredeep. Sonic logs are among the most important in situ measurements of rock properties and provide a reliable image of physical conditions at depth. By analysing the wave train transit times, we inferred the P-wave velocity within depth intervals displaying homogeneous sonic log properties, and estimated the rock density by applying an empirical relationship between the sonic velocity and density in sedimentary rocks. We compared these results with the main litho-stratigraphic units in stratigraphic profiles of the wells. From the density estimates, we inferred the trends of the vertical stress magnitude in the belt, eastern front and foredeep geodynamic domains. This work is a contribution to better interpretation of physical conditions at depth and provides data that can be applied to define more complete seismological, gravity and magnetic models. We provide data uncertainties that must be considered to ensure proper use of data and to evaluate the spatial resolution of the models derived from those data.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 3834
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: earth crust ; sonic log ; P-wave velocity ; rock density ; central Italy ; 04.01. Earth Interior ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 42
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    Site characterization report at the seismic station IV.LNSS – Leonessa (RI) (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-04
    Description: In this report we present the geological setting and the geophysical measurements and results obtained in the framework of the 2019-2021 agreement between INGV and DPC, called Allegato B2: Obiettivo 1 - TASK 2: Caratterizzazione siti accelerometrici (Responsabili: G. Cultrera, F. Pacor) for the site characterization of station IV.LNSS (Leonessa).
    Description: Convenzione DPC-INGV 2019-21, All.B2- OB1, Task B: “Caratterizzazione siti accelerometrici” (Coord.: G.Cultrera, F. Pacor) Working group INGV "Agreement DPC-INGV 2019-21, All.B2- OB1, Task B”, ( 2020 ).
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Keywords: IV.LNSS, Site chatacterization ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 43
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    Geochemical and geoelectrical characterization of the Terre Calde di Medolla (Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy) and relations with 2012 seismic sequence (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Soil gas and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys were performed in Medolla (Emilia-Romagna Region, northern Italy) within a farming area characterized by macroseeps, absence of vegetation and anomalous temperatures of soil to investigate the soil gas migration mechanism and verify the presence of a buried fault intersecting the macroseeps. Soil gas (222Rn, 220Rn, He and C2H6) concentrations and flux (φCO2 and φCH4) measurements were carried out from 2008 to 2015, comprising the 2012 Emilia seismic sequence. Moreover, in 2016 a ERT survey, combined with new flux measurements, was performed along four profiles (ranging from 180 to 630 m long) centered on the main macroseep. We found that the seismic sequence sensibly influenced the soil gas distribution in the area. All investigated species, but He, increased their values early after the mainshocks, likely due to crustal deformation which promoted the geogas uprising. In 2015, when the stress has vanished, these concentrations gradually decreased toward pre-seismic values. Helium concentrations showed an opposite behavior as they decreased in May 2012 and then gradually increased over time. This trend may be reasonably due to the enhancement of the strain field which promoted the He dissipation from soil to the atmosphere, due to its high volatility. In all the geochemical surveys conducted from 2008 to 2015, soil gas high values around the main macroseeps were identified, delighting the presence of an alignment in the E-W direction. This trend, identified for several gas species, ultimately supports the theory of a hidden fault which favors the intensification of fluids migration along zones characterized by greater permeability. ERT results highlighted a sub-horizontal layering characterized by different resistivity intervals, roughly matching local stratigraphy. In most profiles we observed a slightly increase of resistivity and a sharp inter-ruption of the electro-layering in correspondence of the main macroseep, both near the surface and at depth. This implies that a fracture zone due to the presence of a buried fault cannot be excluded. The combined use of geochemical and geophysical techniques in this study confirmed the usefulness of such multiparametric approach for mapping out hidden structures in tectonically active areas, allowing to better understanding the fluid migration processes through preferential leakage pathways.
    Description: Published
    Description: 106678
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Soil gas survey ; Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey ; Migration pathways ; Medolla ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 03.04. Chemical and biological
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 44
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    Progetto SPOT - Sismicità Potenzialmente Innescabile Offshore e Tsunami: Report integrato di fine progetto (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: Il progetto SPOT (Sismicità Potenzialmente innescabile Offshore e Tsunami) è stato sviluppato con lo scopo di supportare le Autorità italiane nell'applicazione della Direttiva Europea sulla sicurezza delle operazioni in mare nel settore degli idrocarburi (2013/30/EU), su fondi di cui art. 35 del Decreto Legge 83/2012, e dei decreti italiani che ne derivano (Antoncecchi et al., 2019). Il progetto, della durata di 21 mesi, è stato ideato e finanziato dal Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico italiano – Direzione Generale per la sicurezza delle attività minerarie ed energetiche (DGS-UNMIG) nell’ambito della rete di ricerca CLYPEA, con il supporto tecnico del Dipartimento della Protezione Civile nazionale.
    Description: Attività svolta nell'ambito del programma CLYPEA - Innovation Network for Future Energy, finanziato dal Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico su fondi per la "sicurezza offshore" ai sensi dell'art.35 D.L. 83/2012.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Keywords: Italia ; Mare Adriatico ; Mare Ionio ; Canale di Sicilia ; terremoto ; maremoto ; tsunami ; sismicità offshore ; frana sottomarina ; vulnerabilità del costruito ; scenario di impatto ; rischio sismico ; rischio tsunami ; sicurezza marina ; produzione idrocarburi ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.08. Risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 45
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    Preliminary observations from data recorded by OBS in the Ionian Sea (Italy) during the SEISMOFAULTS experiment (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-06
    Description: The Ionian Sea area is a known site of seismic hazard. Several historical highmagnitude earthquakes occurred in the area (e.g., 1193, M=6.6; 1693, M=7.4; 1908, M=7.2) [Boschi et al., 1997], whose tectonic sources and generation mechanism are still debated. Due to the lack of a seafloor seismic network the detection and location of marine earthquakes are often elusive. The SEISMOFAULTS experiment [http://www.seismofaults.it/] was performed between 2017 May and 2018 May to increase knowledge on the seismicity in the western Ionian Sea. Seven broadband Ocean Bottom Seismometers and Hydrophones
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Keywords: Marine Geophysics ; Ocean Bottom Seismometer ; Active Tectonics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 46
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    Multi-stage formation of La Fossa Caldera (Vulcano Island, Italy) from an integrated subaerial and submarine analysis (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-26
    Description: The analysis of multibeam bathymetry, seismic profiles, ROV dive and seafloor sampling, integrated with stratigraphic and geological data derived from subaerial field studies, provides information on the multi-stage formation and evolution of La Fossa Caldera at the active volcanic system of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands). The caldera is mostly subaerial and delimited by well-defined rims associated to three different collapse events occurred at about 80, 48–24, and 13–8 ka, respectively. The NE part of the caldera presently lies below the sea-level and is delimited by two partially degraded rim segments, encompassing a depressed and eroded area of approximately 2 km2. We present here further morphological and petrochemical evidence linking the subaerial caldera rims to its submarine counterparts. Particularly, one of the submarine rims can be directly correlated with the subaerial eastern caldera border related to the intermediate (48–24 ka) collapse event. The other submarine rim cannot be directly linked to any subaerial caldera rim, because of the emplacement of the Vulcanello lava platform during the last 2 millennia that interrupts the caldera border. However, morphological interpretation and the trachyte composition of dredged lavas allow us to associate this submarine rim with the younger (13–8 ka) caldera collapse event that truncated the trachyte-rhyolite Monte Lentia dome complex in the NW sector of Vulcano. The diachronicity of the different collapse events forming the La Fossa Caldera can also explain the morpho-structural mismatch of some hundreds of meters between the two submarine caldera rims. A small part of this offset could be also accounted by tectonic displacement along NE–SW trending lineaments breaching and dismantling the submarine portion of the caldera. A network of active erosive gullies, whose headwall arrive up to the coast, is in fact responsible of the marked marine retrogressive erosion affecting the NE part of the caldera, where remnants of intra-caldera volcanic activity are still evident. Submarine morphological features associated to the entrance of subaerial lava flow units into the sea are presented, particularly related to the construction of the La Fossa Cone and Vulcanello. More generally, this study demonstrates the utility of integrated marine and subaerial studies to unravel the volcano-tectonic evolution of active insular volcanoes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 479–492
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.04. Geology ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 47
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    Active Extension in a Foreland Trapped Between Two Contractional Chains: The South Apulia Fault System (SAFS) (2020)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-08
    Description: The response of continental forelands to subduction and collision is a widely investigated topic in geodynamics. The deformation occurring within a foreland shared by two opposite‐verging chains, however, is uncommon and poorly understood. The Apulia Swell in the southern end of the Adria microplate (Africa‐Europe plate boundary, central Mediterranean Sea) represents one of these cases, as it is the common foreland of the SW verging Albanides‐Hellenides and the NE verging Southern Apennines merging into the SSE verging Calabrian Arc. We investigated the internal deformation of the Apulia Swell using multiscale geophysical data: multichannel seismic profiles recording up to 12‐s two‐way time (TWT) for a consistent image of the upper crust; high‐resolution multichannel seismic profiles, high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry, and CHIRP profiles acquired by R/V OGS Explora to constrain the Quaternary geological record. The results of our analyses characterize the geometry of the South Apulia Fault System (SAFS), a 100‐km‐long and 12‐km‐wide structure attesting an extensional (and possibly transtensional) response of the foreland to the two contractional fronts. The SAFS consists of two NW‐SE right‐stepping master faults and several secondary structures. The SAFS activity spans from the Early Pleistocene through the Holocene, as testified by the bathymetric and high‐resolution seismic data, with long‐term slip rates in the range of 0.2–0.4 mm/yr. Considering the position within an area with few or none other active faults in the surroundings, the dimension, and the activity rates, the SAFS can be a candidate causative fault of the 20 February 1743, M 6.7, earthquake.
    Description: Italian Ministry for Education, University, and Research (MIUR), Premiale 2014 D. M. 291 03/05/2016.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020TC006116
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: active tectonics ; apulia ; south apulia fault system ; 1743 earthquake ; marine geology ; stable continental region ; ionian sea ; active faults ; subsurface geology ; seismic interpretation ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 48
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    Integrated interpretation of reflection seismic and aeromagnetic data in a marine geological complex area: a case study. (2020)
    EGU - Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-19
    Description: This paper presents an integrated seismic and aeromagnetic approach applied in the geological complex area of the Cagliari Gulf in the southern Sardinian margin (Western Mediterranean). The investigated area represents the southern extreme part of the main branch of the Sardinian Rift (SR) (Western Mediterranean) that is made up here of a sub-basin bounded by approximately NW faults. The study was also integrated by complementary information deduced from the GNSS network in southern Sardinia. The aim of this study was to give a contribution on the knowledge of the tectonic evolution and volcanism of the investigated area. For this purpose we used an integrated interpretation of two-dimensional reflection seismic sections and aeromagnetic data. In the same area a well drilled for oil prospection was used for calibrating the seismic interpretation up to approximately 1.8 sec.. It is worth noting that the interpretation of the seismic data can be problematic in structurally complex areas where volcanic formations occur, but it can be assisted effectively by magnetic interpretation. An interesting magnetic pattern represented by a strong, well-localized positive magnetic anomaly extending N-S for approximately 35 km is present in the western part of the Gulf. Its width in the W-E direction is of almost 20 km. The anomaly seems to be linked with the magnetic anomalies that characterize the southern Sardinian Rift in correspondence to the Campidano Graben. In fact, a set of localized high-gradient anomalies generally corresponding to the Oligo-Miocene andesitic calc-alkaline complexes is present in this Graben. The aeromagnetic interpretation was carried out to explain the origin of the above strong elongated magnetic anomaly that has never been quantitatively interpreted. In this work, this anomaly has been interpreted by means of Euler deconvolution, the analytical signal and by a delineation technique based on the maxima of the radial horizontal derivative of the total magnetic field. The geological knowledge of the area by means of earlier studies also on land contributed to give a petrographic meaning to the magnetic sources, while by the magnetic and seismic integrated interpretation it was possible to carry out a spatial reconstruction of the volcanic source body and to give an useful contribution to the knowledge on the volcano-tectonic evolution of the area. Recently the area of the Gulf of Cagliari was affected in its western sector by a weak earthquake with hypocenter at around 10 km of depth, localized by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). The results of this study also provided new elements of knowledge which have contributed to understand this seismic event.
    Description: Copernicus Meetings
    Description: Published
    Description: Online | 4–8 May 2020
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Keywords: integrated seismic and aeromagnetic approach ; Cagliari Gulf ; southern Sardinian margin ; tectonic evolution ; GNSS ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 49
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    Multi-temporal tectonic evolution of Capo Granitola and Sciacca foreland transcurrent faults (Sicily channel) (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Joint analysis of high-penetration multi-channel and high-resolution single-channel seismic reflection profiles, calibrated by deep well boreholes, allowed a detailed reconstruction of the Late Miocene to Recent tectonic history of the Capo Granitola and Sciacca fault systems offshore southwestern Sicily. These two fault arrays are part of a regional system of transcurrent faults that dissect the foreland block in front of the Neogene Sicilian fold and thrust belt. The Capo Granitola and Sciacca faults are thought to reactivate inherited Mesozoic to Miocene normal faults developed on the northern continental margin of Africa. During Latest Miocene-Pliocene, the two ~NNE-SSW striking faults were active in left transpression, which inverted Late Miocene extensional half-grabens and created push-up ridges along both systems. Tectonic activity decreased during the Pleistocene, but transpressional folds deform Middle-Late Pleistocene sediments as well, suggesting that the two fault systems are active. The ~40 km long longitudinal amplitude profile of 1st order folds (Capo Granitola and Sciacca anticlines) shows ~15–20 km bell-shaped undulations that represents 2nd order folds. The length of these undulations together with the map pattern of faults allowed to divide the CGFS and SFS into two segments, northern and southern, respectively. Total uplift of the Sciacca Anticline is twice than the uplift of the Capo Granitola Anticline. Incremental fold growth rates decreased during time from 0.22 mm/yr (Capo Granitola Anticline) and 0.44 mm/yr (Sciacca Anticline) in the Pliocene, to 0.07 and 0.22 mm/yr, respectively, during the last ~1.8 Ma.
    Description: Published
    Description: 187-204
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Multiscale analysis ; Basin inversion ; Strike-slip faults ; Fold growth rates ; Pelagian foreland ; SW Sicily offshore ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 50
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    From cylindrical to non‐cylindrical foreland basin: Pliocene–Pleistocene evolution of the Po Plain–Northern Adriatic basin (Italy) (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-26
    Description: The architecture of foreland basins and the resulting distribution of clastic sediments are related to the constant interplay between tectonics and sedimentation. Specifically, basin floor modifications strongly influence dimensions, continuity and connections of sand‐size and fine‐grained deposits. Given the increasing need to identify deep potential reservoir deposits, the large‐scale definition of clastic porous targets and their seals is a matter of interest for oil and gas industry. Here, we present the reconstruction of the Po Plain and Northern Adriatic Foreland Basin (with an extent of ca. 40,000 km2) and its Pliocene–Pleistocene evolution, as an example of a sedimentary clastic system controlled by strongly non‐cylindrical foreland geometry. The study is based on the basin‐scale mapping of six unconformity‐bounded sequences, performed by interpreting a dense network of seismic lines and correlating well‐log data. This provides a three‐dimensional model of the step‐by‐step evolution of the basin and a description of the sediment dispersal pattern. We found that the basin records the change from a continuous (cylindrical) to highly fragmented (non‐cylindrical) foredeep geometry during Late Pliocene. In the Northern Apennines case, the main factors driving the development of a non‐cylindrical geometry are mainly related to inherited inhomogeneity in the downgoing block linked to its Mesozoic extensional faulting, and the relative orientation of these lineaments with respect to the direction of orogen migration. During the late Pliocene–Pleistocene the two directions progressively became close to parallel, and the Northern Apennines system reacted changing from a cylindrical to a non‐cylindrical state.
    Description: Published
    Description: 991-1015
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Adriatic basin ; foreland‐foredeep basin ; Northern Apennines ; Plio–Pleistocene ; Po Plain ; tectonics and sedimentation ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 51
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    Magnetotelluric imaging of the resurgent caldera on the island of Ischia (southern Italy): inferences for its structure and activity (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-18
    Description: The island of Ischia (located in the Bay of Naples, Italy) represents a peculiar case of a well-exposed caldera that has experienced a large (〉800 m) and rapid resurgence, ac- companied by volcanic activity. What drives the resurgence of calderas is a crucial issue to investigate, because this process is associated with potential eruptions and high risk to people living within and around such large active volcanic systems. To improve the knowledge of volcano-tectonic processes af- fecting the caldera of Ischia, electromagnetic imaging of the structures associated with its resurgence was performed and integrated with available geological information. A magnetotelluric (MT) survey of the island was carried out along two main profiles through the central-western sector, providing an electrical resistivity map to a depth of 3 km. These resistivity cross sections allowed us to identify the pres- ence of a very shallow magmatic intrusion, possibly a lacco- lith, at a depth of about 1 km, which was responsible for both the resurgence and the volcanic activity. Furthermore, the tec- tonic structures bordering the resurgent area and the occur- rence of a large thermal anomaly in the western sector of the caldera also provided a signature in the resistivity cross sec- tions, with the magma intrusion producing advection of hot fluids with high geothermal gradients (〉150 °C km−1) in the southern and western sectors. All of these data are fundamen- tal for the assessment of the island’s volcano-tectonic dynam- ics and their associated hazards. The structure and activity of the island have been controlled by the process of resurgence associated with the arrival of new magma and the progressive intrusion of a laccolith at a shallow depth. The reactivation of such a shallow system may imply imminent eruption which would pose a major volcanic hazard.
    Description: Published
    Description: 85
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Magnetotelluric imaging ; Laccolith ; Island of Ischia ; Resurgent caldera ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 52
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    Joint analysis of electric and gravimetric data for volcano monitoring. Application to data acquired at Vulcano Island (southern Italy) from 1993 to 1996 (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-16
    Description: Understanding the dynamics of volcanic-hydrothermal systems is a key factor for discriminating between magmatic and hydrothermal nature of the sources responsible for the unrest phenomena observed in active volcanic areas. Numerous studies of geophysical data monitoring in volcano-geothermal districts has indeed proven that close relationships exist between the volcanic and hydrothermal fluid circulation and the anomalous geophysical signals observed at the ground surface. In this paper, a simultaneous analysis that integrates resistivity and gravity data is suggested as a useful tool to infer a consistent conceptual model of hydrothermal volcanic systems and their evolution. An application of the proposed analysis to repeated resistivity and gravity measurements performed on Vulcano Island (Aeolian Archipelago, Sicily, southern Italy) is presentedwith the aimof gaining information on the dynamics of the volcanic-hydrothermal system. The examined period ranges fromDecember 1993 to September 1996,when significant changes in chemical properties, temperatures and emission rates of La Fossa crater fumaroles were observed, all indicating an increase in the flux of hot deep magmatic gases. The results of our analysis, which refers to a profile located at the foot of the northwest flank of La Fossa cone, suggest that underground cyclicwater-to-vapour transformations govern the shallowhydrothermal systemdynamics, generally described by a negative correlation between the monitored resistivity and gravity data. The occurrence of positive correlations between the two analysed parameters could be ascribed to volcanic dynamics, which would mask the normal hydrological and hydrothermal system behaviour.
    Description: Published
    Description: 459-468
    Description: 4V. Dinamica dei processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Electrical resistivity variations ; Gravity changes ; Volcano monitoring ; Hydrothermal systems ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.08. Volcanology
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  • 53
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    Electrical resistivity tomography imaging of the near-surface structure of the Solfatara crater, Campi Flegrei (Naples, Italy) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: We describe the results from an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey performed inside the Solfatara cra- ter, located in the central part of the Campi Flegrei (CF) com- posite caldera. The Solfatara volcano represents the most ac- tive zone within the CF area, in terms of hydrothermal mani- festations and local seismicity. Eight dipole-dipole ERT lines have been measured with the aim of deducing a 3D resistivity model for the upper 80 m beneath the Solfatara. The results have allowed classification of the shallow structure below the crater into a low-resistivity (LR) class, up to about 4 Ωm, an intermediate resistivity (IR) class, from 5 Ωm up to 50 Ωm, and a high-resistivity (HR) class, from 60 Ωm onward. In order to solve the ambiguities arising in the interpretation of the nature of these bodies, a comparison has been done be- tween the 3D ERT model and the CO2 flux, soil temperature, and gravity maps over the same area. By combining all of these parameters, the whole LR body has been ascribed to a water-dominated geothermal basin and the HR body to a steam/gas-dominated reservoir. Finally, the IR class has been interpreted as a widespread background situation with inter- mediate character, where volatiles and condensates can coex- ist in the same volumes at variable percentages, coherently with the resistivity variation within this class. Since fluid dy- namics in the Solfatara crater change rapidly, ERT surveys repeated in the future are expected to be of great help in mon- itoring possible pre-eruptive changes, as well as in better fol- lowing evolution of the local geothermal system.
    Description: Published
    Description: 27
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei ; 3D resistivity tomography ; Near-surface structure ; Solfatara crater ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 54
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    Ambient noise HVSR measurements in the Avellino historical centre and surrounding area (southern Italy). Correlation with surface geology and damage caused by the 1980 Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-26
    Description: The article deals with the results of extensive surveys conducted in the town of Avellino, in southern Italy, with the aim of studying the site seismic response. Avellino is a town located in the Apennine Chain in Irpinia, which is a region characterized by a high seismic hazard. Several strong earthquakes hit the town in the past, the last of which occurred on 23 November 1980 (Mw = 6.8). In the last decades since that event, background low magnitude seismicity persists, including few moderate earthquakes. In order to analyse the site seismic response, our data set was made up by borehole and downhole records, ambient noise measurements both in free-field and inside buildings, and macroseismic data related to the 1980 Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake. With the intention of ascertaining the occurrence of resonance effects influencing the distribution of the earthquake damage, we performed a correlated analysis of all the data acquired. HVSR free-field peak frequencies, joined with the data obtained from previous surveys [22], agree with the computed 1D resonance frequencies and are in the range between 1.6 and 13.0 Hz. The resonance frequencies for fifteen typical buildings in Avellino, which were partly estimated from ambient noise measurements and partly by applying the Italian regulation code, are in the range between 1.2 and 4.6 Hz, so showing that soil-structure resonance effects can be generated in a wide area of the town. Finally, we drew up a detailed damage map, related to the 1980 earthquake, which affected Avellino seriously. From our research two aspects come to light. The first regards the fact that soil-structure resonance effects can be generated in the town and were possibly associated to some buildings damaged by the 1980 earthquake. The second concerns the circumstance that the amplitudes of HVSR peaks correlate well with the rock/soil velocity contrast at depth, but do not show a relationship with the earthquake damage pattern. The results of this study will be useful in view of putting into the field suitable risk mitigation countermeasures.
    Description: University Fund for Research – Ministry of Education, University and Research, MIUR-FRA, 2015–2016
    Description: Published
    Description: 211-222
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic site effects ; Ambient noise ; Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method ; Resonance frequency ; Soil-structure effects ; Earthquake damage ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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    Detailed Petrophysical and Geophysical Characterization of Core Samples from the Potential Caprock-reservoir System in the Sulcis Coal Basin (Southwestern Sardinia – Italy) (2018)
    Elsevier Ltd.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-01
    Description: The analysis of all the experimental data acquired during this study has provided an essential contribution to the characterization of the caprock-reservoir system respectively made up of the continental terrigenous Cixerri Fm. and carbonate Miliolitico Fm. in the Sulcis coal basin (SW Sardinia).
    Description: In this work we present a methodology suitable to identify a caprock-reservoir system for the CO2 storage in the Sulcis Coal Basin (SW Sardinia – Italy). The petrophysical and geophysical characterizations indicate that the potential carbonate reservoir (“Miliolitico” Fm. Auct.) located at the base of the Eocene stratigraphic sequence in the mining district of the Sulcis Coal Basin, southwestern Sardinia, is heterogeneous but presents suitable reservoir zones for the storage of the CO2. The GPS data analysis indicates that the study area is stable, since it is characterized by a surface crustal deformation smaller than 1 mm/y.
    Description: Published
    Description: 503-511
    Description: 7T. Struttura della Terra e geodinamica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: GPS ; Petrophysics ; CO2 ; Storage ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 56
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    Integrazione di dati laser scanning e fotogrammetrici per il monitoraggio delle coste: i primi rilievi TLS terrestri per il progetto SCANCOAST (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-01
    Description: Il lavoro descritto in questo rapporto tecnico è parte integrante del programma operativo del progetto SCANCOAST, pensato per il monitoraggio di aree costiere e sottomarine condotto mediante l’integrazione di tecniche di telerilevamento quali Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), fotogrammetria digitale e multibeam interferometrico.
    Description: ingv
    Description: Published
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Electromagnetic outline of the Solfatara-Pisciarelli hydrothermal system, Campi Flegrei (Southern Italy) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-19
    Description: We describe the results from a combined controlled source audio magnetotelluric (CSAMT) and natural source magnetotelluric (MT) survey carried out in the Solfatara–Pisciarelli (S–P) area, located in the central part of the Campi Flegrei (CF) composite caldera, west of Naples, Southern Italy. The S–P area represents the most active zone within the CF caldera, in terms of hydrothermal manifestations and local seismicity. Since 1969, the CF caldera is experiencing ground deformation, seismicity and geochemical fluid changes, which are particularly ev- ident in the S–P area. A 1 km long, nearly W–E directed CSAMT–MT profile crossing the fumarole field was carried out in the S–P area with the aim of deducting a resistivity model of the structural setting of the hydrothermal system in the first 3 km depth. An interpretation of the modelled section across the profile is given in this paper, taking advantage from already existing seismic, gravity and geochemical data in the same area. Three well distinct zones have been outlined. The first zone is a very shallow, electrically conductive body localized be- neath the westernmost segment of the profile, which, within a short distance of about 100 m, dips westwards from near surface down to some hundred metres in depth. Mostly accounting for the very low resistivity (1–10 Ω m) and the exceedingly high values of vP/vS (N4), this shallow zone has been ascribed to a water- saturated, high-pressurized geothermal reservoir. The second zone, which has been localized below the west- central portion of the CSAMT–MT transect, appears as a composite body made up of a nearly vertical plumelike structure that escapes at about 2.25 km depth from the top edge of the east side of a presumably horizontal plate- like body. The plumelike structure rises up to the free surface in correspondence of the fumarole field, whereas the platelike structure deepens at least down to the 3 km of maximum exploration depth. The combined interpretation of resistivity (50–100 Ω m), body wave velocity ratio (vP/vS b 2.0), mass density contrast (Δσ b 0 g/cm3), and geochemical data indicates that the plumelike portion can likely be associated with a steam/gas- saturated column and the platelike portion with a high temperature (N300 °C), over-pressurized, gas- saturated reservoir. Finally, the third zone, which has been localized beneath the eastern half of the transect, from about 1.2 km down to about 3 km of depth, is also characterized by very low resistivity values (1–10 Ω m). Jointly interpreted with seismic (vP/vS b 1.73) and gravity (⨂ N 0 g/cm3) data, this last electrically conduc- tive structure appears to be associated with a hydrothermally mineralized, clay-rich body.
    Description: Published
    Description: 9-21
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Magnetotelluric Hydrothermal system ; Volcano ; Campi Flegrei ; Hydrothermal system ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    A geophysical k-means cluster analysis of the Solfatara-Pisciarelli volcano-geothermal system, Campi Flegrei (Naples, Italy) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-12
    Description: We present an application of the k-means cluster analysis technique to a trivariate geophysical parameter set dis- tributed over a 3 km thick and 1.2 km long section through the geothermally active Solfatara-Pisciarelli area of the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy). The data set consists of resistivity, P-wave velocity and density parameters, ex- tracted from previously modeled univariate sections through the selected profile and mapped in a joint param- eter 3D space. Six compact and separated clusters have been identified. A subsequent linear regression statistics has allowed two distinct branches of clusters to be recognized, each represented in the joint parameter space by the equation of a plane. Each equation and its partial derivatives define the peculiar combinations among the used parameters. Once mapped back to the space domain, the final image has provided a grouping of the struc- tures in two superimposed blocks with an irregular interface located at 2 km mean depth. Based on drilling data, subsurface stratigraphy and recent seismic activity, the interface between the two blocks has been interpreted in terms of a substantial change in the rocks rheology inside the Solfatara-Pisciarelli volcano-geothermal system, namely the brittle-to-ductile transition.
    Description: Published
    Description: 44-54
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: k-means ; Solfatara-Pisciarelli, Campi Flegrei ; Multivariate clustering ; Geophysical parameters ; Volcano-geothermal system ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    The 3-D structure of the Somma-Vesuvius volcanic complex (Italy) inferred from new and historic gravimetric data (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-07
    Description: Existing 3-D density models of the Somma-Vesuvius volcanic complex (SVVC), Italy, largely disagree. Despite the scientific and socioeconomic importance of Vesuvius, there is no reliable 3-D density model of the SVVC. A considerable uncertainty prevails concerning the presence (or absence) of a dense body underlying the Vesuvius crater (1944 eruption) that is implied from extensive seismic investigations. We have acquired relative gravity measurements at 297 stations, including measurements in difficult-to-access areas (e.g., the first-ever measurements in the crater). In agreement with seismic investigations, the simultaneous inversion of these and historic data resolves a high-density body that extends from the surface of the Vesuvius crater down to depths that exceed 2 km. A 1.5-km radius horseshoe-shaped dense feature (open in the southwestern sector) enforces the existing model of groundwater circulation within the SVVC. Based on its volcano-tectonic evolution, we interpret volcanic structures that have never been imaged before.
    Description: Published
    Description: 8434
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Sub-surface characterization of the Anphiteatrum Flavium Area (Rome, Italy) through single-station ambient vibration measurements (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-12-18
    Description: The Amphiteatrum Flavium in Rome (Italy) is one of the most known monument in the world. With the aim of understanding the seismic response of the area where the Amphiteatrum Flavium is built and in- vestigating possible soil-structure interactions, we performed a seismic experiment in 2014, based on ambient vibration (AMV) recordings. The measurements were performed at the original ground level, on the foundation and at different oors of the monument. Data were analyzed in terms of standard Fourier analysis (FAS) and horizon- tal-to-vertical spectral ratio technique (H/V). Moreover, we performed an active P-wave seismic tomography analysis of the foundation ma- terials to better understand their in uence on the recorded signals. Our results point out that there is a strong temporal and spatial sta- bility of the H/V curves, suggesting a uniform seismic response at the monument site. Conversely, spectral amplitudes of AMV show rele- vant temporal and spatial variability at the investigated site, due to the daily variations of AMV levels and to the low-pass ltering effect of the stiff Amphiteatrum Flavium foundation that strongly attenu- ates the signals for frequencies above 4 Hz, i.e. those mostly originated by traf c vibrations. Moreover, we observe that the main vibration frequencies of the super-structure are not present as energetic peaks in the spectra of the ground-motion recorded at its base.
    Description: Published
    Description: S0438
    Description: 4T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Waves and wave analysis ; Exploration Geophysics ; Seismic methods ; Seismic risk ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Definition of small-scale volcanic structures by electrical resistivity tomography: The Trentaremi cone, an example from the Campi Flegrei Caldera (Italy) (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-09
    Description: Small-scale buried structures in volcanic environments could present an extreme relevance, due to their link to the eruptive activity of in- dividual monogenetic edi ces, but require, to be detected, a high-reso- lution geophysical imaging. In such context, the Electrical Resistivity Tomography is often able to recover primary knowledge about the heterogeneity of the buried layers, despite the reduced investigation depth. In this paper an example of such matter is proposed, concern- ing the Posillipo hill, in the southeastern sector of the Campi Flegrei Caldera (Italy), where an electrical resistivity survey has been car- ried out in the roman age Seiano tunnel. In such a way, details of the Trentaremi tuff cone buried structure have been revealed, with a maximum depth of exploration of about 100 m. The obtained re- sults have been compared with geological observations on the exposed rocks, interpreting their underground continuation. The geophysical image reconstructs the inner structure of the Trentaremi cone. At the same time, its relationships with respect to the deposits belonging to Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruption have been highlighted. Reconstruct- ing this stratigraphic sequence, indications about the past volcanic dynamics have been obtained, presenting valuable implications for the future activity forecasting.
    Description: Published
    Description: S0552
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Volcanology ; Geology ; Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Bedrock mapping of buried valley networks using seismic reflection and airborne electromagnetic data (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-21
    Description: In glaciated terrain, buried valleys often host aquifers that are significant groundwater resources. However, given the range of scales, spatial complexity and depth of burial, buried valleys often remain undetected or insufficiently mapped. Accurate and thorough mapping of bedrock topography is a crucial step in detecting and delineating buried valleys and understanding formative valley processes. We develop a bedrock mapping procedure supported by the combination of seismic reflection data and helicopter time-domain electromagnetic data with water well records for the Spiritwood buried valley aquifer system in Manitoba, Canada. The limited spatial density of water well bedrock observations precludes complete depiction of the buried valley bedrock topography and renders the water well records alone inadequate for accurate hydrogeological model building. Instead, we leverage the complementary strengths of seismic reflection and airborne electromagnetic data for accurate local detection of the sediment-bedrock interface and for spatially extensive coverage, respectively. Seismic reflection data are used to define buried valley morphology in cross-section beneath survey lines distributed over a regional area. A 3D model of electrical conductivity is derived from inversion of the airborne electromagnetic data and used to extrapolate buried valley morphology over the entire survey area. A spatially variable assignment of the electrical conductivity at the bedrock surface is applied to different features of the buried valley morphology identified in the seismic cross-sections. Electrical conductivity is then used to guide construction of buried valley shapes between seismic sections. The 3D locus of points defining each morphological valley feature is constructed using a path optimization routine that utilizes deviation from the assigned electrical conductivities as the cost function. Our resulting map represents a bedrock surface of unprecedented detailwith more complexity than has been suggested by previous investigations. Our procedure is largely data-driven with an adaptable degree of expert user input that provides a clear protocol for incorporating different types of geophysical data into the bedrock mapping procedure.
    Description: Published
    Description: 191-201
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: buried valley geology ; bedrock mapping ; airborne geophysics ; ELECTROMAGNETIC METHODS ; SEISMIC REFLACTION ; hydrogeophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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    3D modeling of buried valley geology using airborne electromagnetic data (2017)
    SEG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-21
    Description: Buried valleys are important hydrogeologic features of glaciated terrains. They often contain valuable groundwater resources; however, they can remain undetected by borehole-based hydrogeologic mapping or prospecting campaigns. Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys provide high-density information that can allow detailed features of buried valleys to be efficiently mapped over large geographic areas. Using AEM data for the Spiritwood Valley Aquifer system in Manitoba, Canada, we developed a 3D electric property model and a geologic model of the buried valley network. The 3D models were derived from voxel-based segmentation of electric resistivity obtained via spatially constrained inversion of two separate helicopter time-domain electromagnetic data sets (AeroTEM and versatile time-domain electromagnetic [VTEM]) collected over the survey area. Because the electric resistivity do not provide unequivocal information on subsurface lithology, we have used a cognitive procedure to interpret the electric property models of the aquifer complex, while simultaneously incorporating supporting information for the assignment of lithology in the 3D geologic model. For the Spiritwood model, supporting information included seismic reflection data and borehole records. These data constrained valley geometry and provided lithologic benchmarks at specific borehole sites and along seismic transects. The large-scale AeroTEM survey provided the basis for modeling the regional extent and connectivity of the Spiritwood Valley Aquifer system, whereas the local-scale VTEM survey provided higher near-surface resolution and insight into a detailed shallow architecture of individual buried valleys and their fill.
    Description: Published
    Description: SAC9–SAC22
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 3D modeling ; Airborne Geophysics ; buried valley geology ; electromagnetic methods ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Geometry and evolution of a fault-controlled Quaternary basin by means of TDEM and single-station ambient vibration surveys: The example of the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake area, central Italy (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-21
    Description: We applied a joint survey approach integrating time domain electromagnetic soundings and single-station ambient vibration surveys in the Middle Aterno Valley (MAV), an intermontane basin in central Italy and the locus of the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. By imaging the buried interface between the infilling deposits and the top of the pre-Quaternary bedrock, we reveal the 3-D basin geometry and gain insights into the long-term basin evolution. We reconstruct a complex subsurface architecture, characterized by three main depocenters separated by thresholds. Basin infill thickness varies from ~200–300m in the north to more than 450m to the southeast. Our subsurface model indicates a strong structural control on the architecture of the basin and highlights that the MAV experienced considerable modifications in its configuration over time. The buried shape of the MAV suggests a recent and still ongoing predominant tectonic control by the NW-SE trending Paganica-San Demetrio Fault System (PSDFS), which crosscuts older ~ENE and NNE trending extensional faults. Furthermore, we postulate that the present-day arrangement of the PSDFS is the result of the linkage of two previously isolated fault segments. We provide constraints on the location of the southeastern boundary of the PSDFS, defining an overall ~19 km long fault system characterized by a considerable seismogenetic potential and a maximum expected magnitude larger than M6.5. This study emphasizes the benefit of combining two easily deployable geophysical methods for reconstructing the 3-D geometry of a tectonically controlled basin. Our joint approach provided us with a consistent match between these two independent estimations of the basin substratum depth within 15%.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2236–2259
    Description: 7T. Struttura della Terra e geodinamica
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Middle Aterno Valley ; TDEM ; seismic vibration measurements ; 3D Bedrock mapping ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Shallow subsurface imaging of the Piano di Pezza active normal fault (central Italy) by high-resolution refraction and electrical resistivity tomography coupled with time-domain electromagnetic data (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-21
    Description: The Piano di Pezza fault is the central section of the 35 km long L’Aquila-Celano active normal fault-system in the central Apennines of Italy. Although palaeoseismic data document high Holocene vertical slip rates (∼1mm yr−1) and a remarkable seismogenic potential of this fault, its subsurface setting and Pleistocene cumulative displacement are still poorly known. We investigated for the first time the shallow subsurface of a key section of the main Piano di Pezza fault splay by means of high-resolution seismic and electrical resistivity tomography coupled with time-domain electromagnetic soundings (TDEM). Our surveys cross a ∼5-m-high fault scarp that was generated by repeated surfacerupturing earthquakes displacing Holocene alluvial fans. We provide 2-D Vp and resistivity images, which show significant details of the fault structure and the geometry of the shallow basin infill material down to 50m depth. Our data indicate that the upper fault termination has a sub-vertical attitude, in agreement with palaeoseismological trench evidence, whereas it dips ∼50◦ to the southwest in the deeper part.We recognize some low-velocity/low-resistivity regions in the fault hangingwall that we relate to packages of colluvial wedges derived from scarp degradation, which may represent the record of some Holocene palaeo-earthquakes.We estimate a ∼13–15m throw of this fault splay since the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (∼18 ka), leading to a 0.7–0.8mm yr−1 throw rate that is quite in accordance with previous palaeoseismic estimation of Holocene vertical slip rates. The 1-D resistivity models from TDEM soundings collected along the trace of the electrical profile significantly match with 2-D resistivity images. Moreover, they indicate that in the fault hangingwall, ∼200m away from the surface fault trace, the pre-Quaternary carbonate basement is at ∼90–100m depth. We therefore provide a minimal ∼150–160m estimate of the cumulative throw of the Piano di Pezza fault system in the investigated section. We further hypothesize that the onset of the Piano di Pezza fault activity may date back to the Middle Pleistocene (∼0.5 Ma), so this is a quite young active normal fault if compared to other mature normal fault systems active since 2–3 Ma in this portion of the central Apennines.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1482–1494
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Fault characterization ; TDEM ; electrcal resistivity method ; seismic tomography ; paleoseismology ; continental neotectonics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Multidisciplinary geophysical approach to map a disposal site: The Ponza island case study (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-21
    Description: Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and magnetometric surveys are extensively used for environmental investigations of uncontrolled landfills,where the presence ofwaste with potential contaminants and metal objects requires a detailed characterization and monitoring of their subsurface location. Capacitively-coupled resistivity (CCR) measurements applied for similar environmental studies are far less used. In this study, we show the results and discuss the advantages of a combined application of ERT, CCR and magnetometric surveys applied to the characterization of the disposal site of Mt. Pagliaro, in the island of Ponza (central Italy). The survey area is located on volcanic deposits, which characterize the lowresistive geological bedrock. We acquired four CCR profiles and five ERT profiles in addition to a magnetic survey covering a total area of about 7000m2. The recovered smooth resistivity models suggest the presence of a shallow resistive layer (ρ N 75 Ωm) of variable thickness (2.0–6.0 m), overlying a relatively low-resistive layer, which we interpret as the electrical response of the volcanic bedrock. This interpretation is supported by fewshallowboreholes and field observation in the northern part of the landfill area. The magnetic maps show three suspicious dipolar magnetic anomalies, probably ascribed to the presence of a high concentration of buried ferrous waste. Several small-scale dipolar anomalies have been interpreted as due to the presence of sparse and shallow metal objects within the waste material. Due to the resistivity models smoothness, to improve the characterization of the interface between the bedrock and thewaste material we performed a statistical analysis of the resistivity data. Following the philosophy of the steepest gradient method, we found a significative change in resistivity computed on an averaged depth resistivity function of the ERT data. Accordingly, we classify two distinct units: a) an upper unit, with resistivity N75 Ωm, which we assigned to the coarse waste and dry soil materials; and b) a lower unit, with resistivity b75 Ωm, which we assigned to the volcanic deposits.We chose the 75Ωmvalue as representative of the top-bedrock\waste interface and we interpolated this boundary from both the ERT and the CCR profiles to reconstruct a smooth 3D representation of the top bedrock within the landfill area. This allowed us to evaluate the total volume of the waste material to be about 35,000 m3.
    Description: Published
    Description: 264-274
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale e geologia medica
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Capacitive coupled resistivity data ; Electrical resistivity tomography ; Magnetometry ; Disposal site ; Ponza ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Fast geophysical prospection to map the archaeological site of Cocciano: preliminary results (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-27
    Description: We present preliminary results of a multidisciplinary geophysical investigation applied to the subsoil imaging of the archaeological site of Cocciano, near Rome. We acquired capacitive coupled resistivity data along two parallel profiles and we performed a magnetic survey over a small subset of the survey area. The recovered resistivity models suggest the presence of a shallow, sub-horizontal, resistive layer (ρ 〉 350 Ωm), of slightly variable thickness (2 – 3 m), which we interpret as the response of ancient substructions overlying a relatively low-resistive layer, which we ascribe to the geological substratum. Processed magnetic data show a clear magnetic signature aligned to form a curve-shaped anomaly right at the prosecution of a nearby, partially exposed, ancient wall.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1VV. Altro
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: cocciano archaeological park ; magnetometry ; capacitive coupled resistivity data ; archaeogeophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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    Shallow velocity model in the area of Pozzo Pitarrone, Mt. Etna, from single station, array methods and borehole data. (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: Seismic noise recorded by a temporary array installed around Pozzo Pitarrone, NE flank of Mt. Etna, have been analysed with several techniques. Single station HVSR method and SPAC array method have been applied to stationary seismic noise to investigate the local shallow structure. The inversion of dispersion curves produced a shear wave velocity model of the area reliable down to depth of about 130 m. A comparison of such model with the stratigraphic information available for the investigated area shows a good qualitative agreement. Taking advantage of a borehole station installed at 130 m depth, we could estimate also the Pwave velocity by comparing the borehole recordings of local earthquakes with the same event recorded at surface. Further insight on the P-wave velocity in the upper 130 m layer comes from the surface reflected wave observable in some cases at the borehole station. From this analysis we obtained an average P-wave velocity of about 1.2 km/s, compatible with the shear wave velocity found from the analysis of seismic noise.
    Description: Published
    Description: S0433
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Etna volcano ; Velocity model ; Borehole station ; Seismic array ; SPAC method ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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    PARTOS - Passive and Active Ray TOmography Software: description and preliminary analysis using TOMO-ETNA experiment’s dataset. (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: In this manuscript we present the new friendly seismic tomography software based on joint inversion of active and passive seismic sources called PARTOS (Passive Active Ray TOmography Software). This code has been developed on the base of two well-known widely used tomographic algorithms (LOTOS and ATOM-3D), providing a robust set of algorithms. The dataset used to set and test the program has been provided by TOMO-ETNA experiment. TOMO-ETNA database is a large, highquality dataset that includes active and passive seismic sources recorded during a period of 4 months in 2014. We performed a series of synthetic tests in order to estimate the resolution and robustness of the solutions. Real data inversion has been carried out using 3 different subsets: (i) active data; (ii) passive data; and (iii) joint dataset. Active database is composed by a total of 16,950 air-gun shots during 1 month and passive database includes 452 local and regional earthquakes recorded during 4 months. This large dataset provides a high ray density within the study region. The combination of active and passive seismic data, together with the high quality of the database, permits to obtain a new tomographic approach of the region under study never done before. An additional user-guide of PARTOS software is provided in order to facilitate the implementation for new users.
    Description: Published
    Description: S0435
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic tomograpy ; Tomographic inversion code ; Mt. Etna volcano ; Seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 70
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    TOMO-ETNA experiment at Etna volcano: Activities on land (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-29
    Description: In the present paper we describe the on-land field operations integrated in the TOMO-ETNA experiment carried out in June-November 2014 at Mt. Etna volcano and surrounding areas. This terrestrial campaign consists in the deployment of 90 short-period portable three-component seismic stations, 17 broadband seismometers and the coordination with 133 permanent seismic station belonging to Italy’s Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). This temporary seismic network recorded active and passive seismic sources. Active seismic sources were generated by an array of air-guns mounted in the Spanish oceanographic vessel “Sarmiento de Gamboa” with a power capacity of up to 5200 cubic inches. In total more than 26,000 shots were fired and more than 450 local and regional earthquakes were recorded. We describe the whole technical procedure followed to guarantee the success of this complex seismic experiment. We started with the description of the location of the potential safety places to deploy the portable network and the products derived from this search (a large document including full characterization of the sites, owners and indication of how to arrive to them). A full technical description of the seismometers and seismic sources is presented. We show how the portable seismic network was deployed, maintained and recovered in different stages. The large international collaboration of this experiment is reflected in the participation of more than 75 researchers, technicians and students from different institutions and countries in the on-land activities. The main objectives of the experiment were achieved with great success.
    Description: Published
    Description: S0427
    Description: 2SR. VULCANI - Servizi e ricerca per la Società
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Active and passive seismic experiment ; Seismic tomography ; Etna volcano ; Oceanographic vessels ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 71
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    The Italian reference site for TEM methods (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-16
    Description: The success of a long term transient electromagnetic survey (TEM) rigorously calls for appropriate system calibration, in addition to advanced processing and inversion of the measured data. In fact, acquisition of TEM data can be affected by a variety of noise sources from both inside and outside the system, making it difficult, for example, to define an absolute turn off time and/or to synchronize transmitter and receiver. For these reasons, a reference site plays an important role. As first step, we performed the calibration of a Geonics 47 at the Lyngby reference site in Denmark. We then set up a new reference site using the same calibrated TEM instrument. The reference site was established in the San Rossore park area (Pisa), where we identified an area that matches the required conditions. Subsequently, a series of TEM measurements were collected in the selected area using two pre-calibrated TEM instruments: the Geonics 47 and the WalkTEM respectively. The reference responses were therefore jointly inverted, obtaining a 5 layers model that was appointed to be the TEM reference model for the site. Afterwards, based on that reference model, we calibrated the Geonics 47 and 57 instruments for a 100 × 100 m central loop configuration. A unique time-shift and a data level shift factor was calculated and applied to the TEM system as result of the calibration procedure. The San Rossore TEM reference site is now available for anyone interested in calibrating TEM systems.
    Description: Published
    Description: G0548
    Description: 1VV. Altro
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: TDEM ; data calibration ; test site ; data modelling ; 05.01. Computational geophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
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  • 72
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    The shallow structure of a surface-rupturing fault in unconsolidated deposits from multi-scale electrical resistivity data: The 30 October 2016 Mw 6.5 central Italy earthquake case study (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: We report the results of a shallow electrical resistivity investigation performed across a normal fault that ruptured the surface displacingwith average ~0.05mvertical offset alluvial fan deposits (b23 kyr old) within an intermontane fault-bounded basin following the 30 October 2016Mw6.5 earthquake in central Italy.Weadopted a multi-scale geophysical approach, by acquiring three 2-D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) profiles centred on the coseismic ruptures, and characterized by different spatial resolution and investigation depth. Below the fault scarp, the ERT models show a narrow (~10 m wide) and steeply-dipping moderately-resistive region (100–150 Ωm), which we interpret as the electrical response of the fault zone displacing layers of relatively high-resistivity (300–700 Ωm) values. We explain the electrical signature of the retrieved fault zone as due to an increment of permeability caused by coseismic fracturing, and to the subsequent water migration from adjacent shallow aquifers squeezed by compaction induced by seismic waves. By using a statistically-based classification of electrical units, we estimate that the shallowest alluvial fan layer is affected by 2.7 ± 0.9 m vertical offset,which is consistentwith the measured 2.3–2.8mmorphologic offset of the top fan surface, and suggesting a post-12 kyr throw-rate of 0.23± 0.08 mm/yr. Similarly, we evaluate a post-23 kyr throw of 5.1 ± 1.7 m, indicating a Late Pleistocene throw-rate of 0.22 ± 0.07 mm/yr, in accordance with available paleoseismic data. We further hypothesize a minimal total fault throw N30 m, which likely accrued since the Middle Pleistocene (possibly in the last 350–500 kyr). The investigated fault structure is therefore an important splay characterized by a thick and highly permeable damage zone in unconsolidated deposits, andwhich ruptured the surface during several tens of strong (M N 6) earthquakes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 628-644
    Description: 1T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Electrical methods ; Castelluccio di Norcia Basin ; Steepest gradient method ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 05.01. Computational geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 73
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    Deep electrical resistivity tomography along the tectonically active Middle Aterno Valley (2009 L'Aquila earthquake area, central Italy) (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-13
    Description: Three 2-D Deep Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) transects, up to 6.36 km long, were obtained across the Paganica-San Demetrio Basin, bounded by the 2009 L’Aquila Mw 6.1 normal-faulting earthquake causative fault (central Italy). The investigations allowed defining for the first time the shallow subsurface basin structure. The resistivity images, and their geological interpretation, showa dissected Mesozoic-Tertiary substratum buried under continental infill of mainly Quaternary age due to the long-term activity of the Paganica-San Demetrio normal faults system (PSDFS), ruling the most recent deformational phase. Our results indicate that the basin bottom deepens up to 600 m moving to the south, with the continental infill largely exceeding the known thickness of the Quaternary sequence. The causes of this increasing thickness can be: (1) the onset of the continental deposition in the southern sector took place before the Quaternary, (2) there was an early stage of the basin development driven by different fault systems that produced a depocentre in the southern sector not related to the present-day basin shape, or (3) the fault system slip rate in the southern sector was faster than in the northern sector. We were able to gain sights into the long-term PSDFS behaviour and evolution, by comparing throw rates at different timescales and discriminating the splays that lead deformation. Some fault splays exhibit large cumulative throws (〉300 m) in coincidence with large displacement of the continental deposits sequence (〉100 m), thus testifying a general persistence in time of their activity as leading splays of the fault system. We evaluate the long-term (3–2.5Myr) cumulative and Quaternary throw rates of most of the leading splays to be 0.08–0.17 mm yr−1, indicating a substantial stability of the faults activity. Among them, an individual leading fault splay extends from Paganica to San Demetrio ne’ Vestini as a result of a post-Early Pleistocene linkage of two smaller splays. This 15 km long fault splay can explain the Holocene surface ruptures observed to be larger than those occurred during the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake, such as revealed by palaeoseismological investigations. Finally, the architecture of the basin at depth suggests that the PSDFS can also rupture a longer structure at the surface, allowing earthquakes larger than M 6.5, besides rupturing only small sections, as it occurred in 2009.
    Description: Published
    Description: 967–982
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: electrical properties ; tectonics and landscape evolution ; neotectonics ; fractures and faults ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 74
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    Annual Report of the HP-HT laboratory of EXPERIMENTAL VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS and NEW TECHNOLOGIES laboratory (2016)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori sperimentali e analitici
    Description: open
    Keywords: experimental volcanology and geophysics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.01. Composition and state ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.04. Mineral physics and properties of rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
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    Type: report
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  • 75
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    Active upper crust deformation pattern along the southern edge of the Tyrrhenian subduction zone (NE Sicily): Insights from a multidisciplinary approach (2016)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Using a multidisciplinary dataset based on gravimetric, seismic, geodetic and geological observations,we provide an improved picture of the shallow structure and dynamics of the southern edge of the Tyrrhenian subduction zone.With a local earthquake tomographywe clearly identify twomain crustal domains in the upper 15 kmcharacterized by different P-wave velocity values: a high-velocity domain comprising southeasternmost Tyrrhenian Sea, NE Sicily and Messina Straits, and a low-velocity domain comprising Mt. Etna and eastern Sicily. The transition between the two domains shows a good spatial correspondence with a wider set of faults including the Taormina Fault System (TFS) and the Aeolian–Tindari–Letojanni Fault System (ATLFS), two nearly SE-striking fault systems crossing northeastern Sicily and ending on the Ionian shoreline of Sicily according to many investigators. Within this set of faults, most of the deformation/seismicity occurs along the northern and central segments of ATLFS, compared to lowactivity along TFS. A lack of seismicity (both recent and historical) is observed in the southern sector of ATLFS where, however, geodetic data reveal significant deformation. Ourmultidisciplinary dataset including offshore observations suggests the southeastward continuation of the ATLFS into the Ionian Sea until joiningwith the faults cutting the Ionian accretionarywedge described in the recent literature. Our findings imply the existence of a highly segmented crustal shear zone extending from the Aeolian Islands to the Ionian Abyssal plain, that we believe plays the role of accommodating differential motion between the Southern Tyrrhenian unit and the western compressional domain of Sicily. The ATLFS, which is a main part of the inferred shear zone, behaves similarly to what often observed at the edges of retreating subduction
    Description: Published
    Description: 205-218
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: subduction edge ; seismic velocity structure ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.03. Gravity and isostasy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.04. Gravity anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.03. Global and regional models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 76
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    The deep structure of the Larderello-Travale geothermal field (Italy) from integrated, passive seismic investigations (2015)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: We report the preliminary results from a project (GAPSS-Geothermal Area Passive Seismic Sources), aimed at testing the resolving capabilities of passive exploration methods on a well-known geothermal area, namely the Larderello-Travale Geothermal Field (LTGF). Located in the western part of Tuscany (Italy), LTGF is the most ancient geothermal power field of the world. GAPSS consisted of up to 20 seismic stations deployed over an area of about 50 x 50 Km. During the first 12 months of measurements, we located more than 2000 earthquakes, with a peak rate of up to 40 shocks/day. Preliminary results from analysis of these signals include: (i) analysis of Shear-Wave-Splitting from local earthquake data, from which we determined the areal distribution of the most anisotropic regions; (ii) local-earthquake travel-time tomography for both P- and S-wave velocities; (iii) telesismic receiver function aimed at determining the high-resolution (〈0.5km) S-velocity structure over the 0-20km depth range, and seismic anisotropy using the decomposition of the angular harmonics of the RF data-set; (iv) S-wave velocity profiling through inversion of the dispersive characteristics of Rayleigh waves from earthquakes recorded at regional distances. After presenting results from these different analyses, we eventually discuss their potential application to the characterisation and exploration of the investigated area.
    Description: Published
    Description: 227-234
    Description: 6T. Sismicità indotta e caratterizzazione sismica dei sistemi naturali
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Geothermal field; Local Earthquake Tomography; Shear Wave Splitting; Surface Wave Dispersion; Receiver Functions; Larderello- Travale geothermal field (Italy) ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 77
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    Large-scale coherent anisotropy of upper mantle beneath the Italian peninsula comparing quasi-Love waves and SKS splitting (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We document quantitatively observations of quasi-Love waves obtained at permanent (Italian National Seismic Network) and temporary seismic stations deployed in Italy between 2003 and 2006 (Retreat, CAT/SCAN projects). We analyzed large earthquakes with source parameters that favor quasi-Love wave generation within this time-span, including the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake of 12/26/04. The presence or the absence of the quasi-Love phase is compared to the smoothed anisotropic pattern defined by the numerous SKS splitting measurements obtained in peninsular Italy, and to the Italian upper mantle structure as defined by seismic tomography. The large-scale anisotropic features, responsible for shear-wave splitting and documented also by Pn and surface-wave anisotropy, generally display the correct geometry to explain the scattered quasi-Love waves. Quasi-Love observations do not demand a tilted-axis anisotropic geometry. We argue instead for anisotropy with laterally-variable horizontal symmetry axis in the upper mantle below the Italian peninsula.
    Description: Published
    Description: 26-38
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Seismic anisotropy ; Quasi-Love ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
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  • 78
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    How to Invert Multi-Band, Regional Phase Amplitudes for 2-D Attenuation and Source Parameters: Tests Using the USArray (2015)
    Springer Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We inverted for laterally varying attenuation, absolute site terms, moments and apparent stress using over 460,000 Lg amplitudes recorded by the USArray for frequencies between 0.5 and 16 Hz. Corner frequencies of Wells, Nevada, aftershocks, obtained by independent analysis of coda spectral ratios, controlled the tradeoff between attenuation and stress, while independently determined moments from St. Louis University and the University of California constrained absolute levels. The quality factor, Q, was low for coastal regions and interior volcanic and tectonic areas, and high for stable regions such as the Great Plains, and Colorado and Columbia Plateaus. Q increased with frequency, and the rate of increase correlated inversely with 1-Hz Q, with highest rates in low-Q tectonic regions, and lowest rates in high-Q stable areas. Moments matched independently determined moments with a scatter of 0.2 NM. Apparent stress ranged from below 0.01 to above 1 MPa, with means of 0.1 MPa for smaller events, and 0.3 MPa for larger events. Stress was observed to be spatially coherent in some areas; for example, stress was lower along the San Andreas fault through central and northern California, and higher in the Walker Lane, and for isolated sequences such as Wells. Variance reduction relative to 1-D models ranged from 50 to 90 % depending on band and inversion method. Parameterizing frequency dependent Q as a power law produced little misfit relative to a collection of independent, multi-band Q models, and performed better than the omega-square source parameterization in that sense. Amplitude residuals showed modest, but regionally coherent patterns that varied from event to event, even between those with similar source mechanisms, indicating a combination of focal mechanism, and near source propagation effects played a role. An exception was the Wells mainshock, which produced dramatic amplitude patterns due to its directivity, and was thus excluded from the inversions. The 2-D Q plus absolute site models can be used for high accuracy, broad area source spectra, magnitude and yield estimation, and, in combination with models for all regional phases, can be used to improve discrimination, in particular for intermediate bands that allow coverage to be extended beyond that available for high frequency P-to-S discriminants.
    Description: Published
    Description: 469-484
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: 2-D Attenuation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 79
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    ANISOMAT+: An automatic tool to retrieve seismic anisotropy from local earthquakes (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: An automatic analysis code called ANISOMAT+ has been developed and improved to automatically retrieve the crustal anisotropic parameters fast polarization direction (ϕ) and delay time (δt) related to the shear wave splitting phenomena affecting seismic S-wave. The code is composed of a set of MatLab scripts and functions able to evaluate the anisotropic parameters from the three-component seismic recordings of local earthquakes using the cross-correlation method. Because the aim of the code is to achieve a fully automatic evaluation of anisotropic parameters, during the development of the code we focus our attention to devise several automatic checks intended to guarantee the quality and the stability of the results obtained. The basic idea behind the development of this automatic code is to build a tool able to work on a huge amount of data in a short time, obtaining stable results and minimizing the errors due to the subjectivity. These behaviors, coupled to a three component digital seismic network and a monitoring system that performs automatic pickings and locations, are required to develop a real-time monitoring of the anisotropic parameters.
    Description: Published
    Description: 62-68
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 6T. Sismicità indotta e caratterizzazione sismica dei sistemi naturali
    Description: 3IT. Calcolo scientifico e sistemi informatici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: shear wave splitting, Earthquake forecast, Anisotropy, Cross-correlation method ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation
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  • 80
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    Finite-difference P wave travel time seismic tomography of the crust and uppermost mantle in the Italian region (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present a 3-D P wave velocity model of the crust and shallowest mantle under the Italian region, that includes a revised Moho depth map, obtained by regional seismic travel time tomography. We invert 191,850 Pn and Pg wave arrival times from 6850 earthquakes that occurred within the region from 1988 to 2007, recorded by 264 permanent seismic stations. We adopt a high-resolution linear B-spline model representation, with 0.1􏰂 horizontal and 2 km vertical grid spacing, and an accurate finite-difference forward calculation scheme. Our nonlinear iterative inversion process uses the recent European reference 3-D crustal model EPcrust as a priori information. Our resulting model shows two arcs of relatively low velocity in the crust running along both the Alps and the Apennines, underlying the collision belts between plates. Beneath the Western Alps we detect the presence of the Ivrea body, denoted by a strong high P wave velocity anomaly. We also map the Moho discontinuity resulting from the inversion, imaged as the relatively sharp transition between crust and mantle, where P wave velocity steps up to values larger than 8 km/s. This simple condition yields an image quite in agreement with previous studies that use explicit representations for the discontinuity. We find a complex lithospheric structure characterized by shallower Moho close by the Tyrrhenian Sea, intermediate depth along the Adriatic coast, and deepest Moho under the two mountain belts.
    Description: Published
    Description: 69-88
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: seismic tomography ; body waves ; computational seismology ; Moho topography ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
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  • 81
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    The subsurface geology of Rome, Italy. Relationships among sedimentary processes, sea-level changes and astronomical forcing (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper we present a reconstruction of the stratigraphic setting of the continental sedimentary sequences that were deposited by the Paleo-Tiber River within the greater area of Rome between 0.9 and 0.6 Ma, carried out through analyses of a large number of borehole data. Through palinspastic restoration of several cross sections we depict the original geometry of the sedimentary record that has been dislocated by intense tectonic activity linked to volcanism, and we reconstruct the geologic and paleogeographic evolution of this area. Moreover, we provide a complete review of the chronostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic data reported in previous work, and we extend paleomagnetic analyses to three new clay sections. These geochronological constraints allow us to compare aggradation of the Paleo-Tiber sedimentary successions with the δ18O record, evidencing a strict link between sedimentation and sea-level changes in the Rome area. By doing so, we provide a direct test on the timing of the sea-level rise forMIS 19 throughMIS 15: a record of data forwhich no equivalent exists in the literature.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-20
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: sea -level changes ; astronomical forcing ; geology of Rome ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.07. Rock magnetism
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 82
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    La rete sismica AlpArray e il contributo dell'INGV (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Il progetto AlpArray (PI E. Kissling, Seismology and Geodynamics ETH) è un’iniziativa europea di collaborazione interdisciplinare sismologica e geodinamica, il cui obiettivo principale è quello di migliorare la comprensione della struttura profonda e della geodinamica delle Alpi (la catena montuosa più studiata al mondo) tramite l’acquisizione, l’analisi e l’interpretazione di dati sismologici di alta qualità. Per ottenere delle immagini di estremo dettaglio della crosta e del mantello, AlpArray propone la realizzazione di una rete sismica a maglia il più possibile omogenea (massima distanza inter- stazione 52 km, backbone network), tramite la condivisione dei dati delle reti permanenti esistenti e l’installazione, da parte di ciascun paese partecipante, di numerose stazioni sismiche temporanee a larga banda (BB). Il progetto prevede l'installazione di circa 250 stazioni sismiche in tutta Europa, in particolare in Italia, Francia, Svizzera, Germania, Austria, Croazia, Repubblica Ceca, Bosnia, Ungheria, Slovenia e Polonia. I dati confluiranno all’interno dell’archivio europeo denominato European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA). Considerata l’estensione geografica dell’area, i partecipanti combineranno le infrastrutture esistenti per l’acquisizione dei dati, il loro trattamento, l’applicazione delle tecniche più avanzate di imaging e l’interpretazione e modellazione dei risultati, in uno sforzo transnazionale ad una scala mai realizzata prima in Europa. Si tratta quindi di un’occasione fondamentale per lo scambio di competenze tecniche e scientifiche all’avanguardia. L’INGV, oltre a condividere i dati delle proprie stazioni permanenti nell’area di interesse, si occupa della installazione e della manutenzione sul territorio italiano di 20 nuove stazioni-BB temporanee i cui dati verranno trasmessi in tempo reale (partecipando così alla realizzazione del backbone) e coadiuva l’ETH nella ricerca dei siti italiani per altrettante stazioni svizzere e nella loro manutenzione ordinaria. L’acquisizione di una mole notevole di nuovi dati permetterà di raffinare le conoscenze sulla struttura e la composizione della litosfera e del mantello al di sotto dell’area alpina: Queste conoscenze sono anche utili ai fini della modellazione geodinamica. Il potenziamento del monitoraggio sismico aiuterà ad individuare e studiare in maggior dettaglio le aree sismogenetiche della regione alpina.
    Description: Published
    Description: Trieste
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: open
    Keywords: AlpArray ; seismic network ; Rete sismica ; Alpi ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 83
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    New insights into crustal structure, Cenozoic magmatism, CO2 degassing and seismogenesis in the southern Apennines and Irpinia region from local earthquake tomography (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present high-resolution Vp and Vp/Vs models of the southern Apennines (Italy) computed using local earthquakes recorded from 2006 to 2011 with a graded inversion scheme that progressively resolves the crustal structure, from the large scale of the Apennines belt to the local scale of the normal-fault system. High-Vp bodies defined in the upper and mid crust under the external Apennines are interpreted as extensive mafic intrusions revealing anorogenic magmatism episodes that broadened on the Adriatic domain during Paleogene. Under the mountain belt, a low-Vp region, annular to the Neapolitan volcanic district, indicates the existence of a thermal/fluid anomaly in the mid crust, coinciding with a shallow Moho and diffuse degassing of deeply derived CO2. In the belt axial zone, low Vp/Vs gas-pressurized rock volumes under the Apulian carbonates correlate to high heat flow, strong CO2-dominated gas emissions of mantle origin and shallow carbonate reservoirs with pressurized CO2 gas caps. We hypothesize that the pressurized fluid volumes located at the base of the active fault system influence the rupture process of large normal-faulting earthquakes, like the 1980 Mw6.9 Irpinia event, and that major asperities are confined within the high-Vp Apulian carbonates. This study confirms once more that pre-existing structures of the Pliocene Apulian belt controlled the rupture propagation during the Irpinia earthquake. The main shock broke a 30 km long, NE-dipping seismogenic structure, whereas delayed ruptures (both the 20 s and the 40 s sub-events) developed on antithetic faults, reactivating thrust faults located at the eastern edge of the Apulian belt.
    Description: Published
    Description: 8283–8311
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: embargoed_20150609
    Keywords: The velocity structure of the southern Apennines is determined by a multi-scale tomography ; Large Cenozoic mafic intrusions are identified in the Apulian crust ; Pressurized CO2 reservoirs identified under the axial belt can affect crustal seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 84
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    Two-dimensional seismic attenuation images of Stromboli Island using active data (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this work we present intrinsic and scattering seismic attenuation 2-D images of Stromboli Volcano. We used 21,953 waveforms from air gun shots fired by an oceanographic vessel and recorded at 33 inland and 10 ocean bottom seismometer seismic stations. Coda wave envelopes of the filtered seismic traces were fitted to the energy transport equation in the diffusion approximation, obtaining a couple of separate Qi and Qs in six frequency bands. Using numerically estimated sensitivity kernels for coda waves, separate images of each quality factor were produced. Results appear stable and robust. They show that scattering attenuation prevails over intrinsic attenuation. The scattering pattern shows a strong concordance with the tectonic lineaments in the area, while an area of high total attenuation coincides with the zone where most of the volcanic activity occurs. Our results provide evidence that the most important attenuation effects in volcanic areas are associated with the presence of geological heterogeneities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1717–1724
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Attenuation Tomography ; Seismic scattering ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 85
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    Early capture of a central Apennine (Italy) internal basin as a consequence of enhanced regional uplift at the Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition (2015)
    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Miscellanea
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Extensional tectonics in the inner portion of the central Apennines began during the Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene. It resulted in the formation of chain-parallel normal fault systems, whose activity through the Quaternary led to the formation of intermontane tectonic basins; these represented traps for continental sedimentary sequences. In particular, during the Early Pleistocene most of the central Apennine depressions hosted lakes, testifying to endorheic hydrographic networks. Afterwards, lacustrine environment was replaced by fluvial regimes, aged at the Middle Pleistocene, as the hydrographic systems of the basins were captured by headward regressive erosion coming from the outermost sectors of the chain. This is testified by a strong erosional phase that cut into the lake sequences, due to deepening of streams and river incisions, and the subsequent deposition of embedded fluvial deposits. This environmental change is commonly attributed to a regional relief enhancement, as a consequence of the increase of regional uplift of the central Apennines (and geologically seen in many parts of the Apennine chain), generically aged between the upper part of the Early Pleistocene and the lower part of the Middle Pleistocene [e.g. D’Agostino et al. 2001]. The Subequana Valley and Middle Aterno Valley are part of a cluster of Quaternary tectonic depressions distributed along the current course of the Aterno River - here termed the Aterno basin system - which also includes the L’Aquila and Paganica-Castelnuovo-San Demetrio basins to the north, and the Sulmona basin to the south. They are located in innermost sector of the central Apennines, in correspondence of the chain divide. These basins are hydrographically connected by the Aterno river, one of the moste important fluvial basins of the “Adriatic domain” which runs south-easterly along the eastern side of the Subequana basin and Middle Aterno Valley, flows to the Sulmona basin through the San Venanzio gorges, where it joins to the Pescara river. The depressions are bounded towards the NE by an active normal fault system that led the formation and the tectonic evolution of the basins [Falcucci et al. 2011]. The analysis of the early Quaternary geological evolution of this depression can represent a significant case study to refine the knowledge of the Early-Middle Pleistocene tectonic/environmental transition, especially in terms of timing, taking into account that uplift rate is defined as having been larger along the chain divide. We integrated geological, geomorphological, paleomagnetic and radiometric dating with the 40Ar/39Ar method to reconstruct the morpho-stratigraphic setting of the Subequana Valley-Middle Aterno river system, defining the paleo-environmental features and chronology of the depositional and erosive events that have characterised the Quaternary geological and structural evolution of these basins. In detail, a synchronous lacustrine depositional phase was recognised in the Subequana basin and the Middle Aterno Valley. Paleomagnetic analysis performed along some sections of these deposits exposed in the Subequana valley attested a reverse magnetisation, reasonably related to the Matuyama Chron. The lacustrine sequence of the Subequana valley passes upwards to sand and gravel, testifying for the infilling of the lake and the onset of a fluvial regime that displays a direction of the drainage towards the north, i.e. opposite to the present Aterno river flow. At the topmost portion of the lake deposits, two subsequent tephra layers were identified and dated by means of 40Ar/39Ar method, at ~890ka, for the lower tephra, and ~805ka for the upper one. It is worth noting that a “short” direct magnetisation event occurred just above the lower tephra, whose significance is still under investigation. This data constraints the infilling of the lake in the Subequana valley very close to the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition. Subsequent to the infilling of the Subequana basin, a fluvial regime, characterised by a northward drainage direction – i.e. opposite to the current one –, was established. Then, after a strong erosional phase, the presence of a new coeval fluvial depositional phase within the Subequana Valley and the Middle Aterno Valley, with flow direction towards the south-east, indicates the formation of a paleo-Aterno. We identified a further fluvial sequence, embedded within the lacustrine sequence through an evident erosional surface. These deposits are found at the northern part of the Subequana valley, where they laterally pass to fluvial deposits that crop out at the southern part of the Middle Aterno river valley; this sequence shows a flow direction consistent with the current direction of the Aterno river. This morpho-stratigraphic setting, schematized in Fig. 1, indicates that after an intense erosional phase, which dissected the lake sequence, the Subequana-Middle Aterno river valley system has been hydrographically connected by the course of a paleo-Aterno river; this river flowed southerly, towards the San Venanzio gorges.Such morpho-stratigraphic interpretation is corroborated by geological observations performed in the Sulmona basin. At the outlet of the Aterno river, we found slope derived breccias, commonly attributed to the Early Pleistocene, that lay over the bedrock Their depositional geometry suggests that the breccias deposited when the Aterno river thalweg was not present yet, that is when the Subequana Valley was hosting a lake and no drainage was hydrographically connecting the valley to the Sulmona basin. Then, an alluvial fan body unconformably overlays the breccias; the fan, suspended over the Aterno river thalweg, was fed by a stream incision coinciding with the paleo-San Venanzio gorges. Lastly, a fluvial deposit is found embedded within the breccias and the alluvial fan, sourcing from the San Venanzio gorges as well. A tephra layer was found interbedded to the sedimentary body. The volcanic deposit was related to the “Pozzolane Rosse” eruption of the Colli Albani district, dated at 456±4 ka BP [Galli et al. 2010]. This fluvial deposit indicates the presence a paleo-Aterno river flowing from the Subequana valley. Therefore, the described morpho-stratigraphic framework, and the obtained chronological elements constrain the capture of the endorheic hydrographic network of the Subequana valley-Middle Aterno Valley during a time span comprised between ~800ka and ~450ka. In this perspective, it is worth noting that endorheic hydrographic networks of other basins (e.g. the Leonessa basins) located along the innermost portion of the central Apennine chain were captured during the same time span by headward erosion of streams and rivers related to the “thyrrenian hydrographic system” [e.g. Fubelli et al 2009]. This provides new elements for unravelling coupling between river incision potential and capability, and the Apennine chain uplift.
    Description: Published
    Description: Torino, Italy
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: open
    Keywords: Quaternary geological survey ; Geomorphic analysis ; Tectonic uplift ; continental stratigraphy ; Paleomagnetic analysis ; radiometric dating ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 86
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    Looking for layered anisotropic structures in the mantle beneath the northern Apennines (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Competing geodynamic scenarios proposed for northern Apennines (Italy) make very different predictions for the orientation of strain in the upper mantle. Constraints on the pattern are offered by observations of seismic anisotropy. Previous study of the anisotropy beneath the northern Apennines used birefringence of core-refracted shear waves (SKS phases), and demonstrated the presence of two domains: Tuscan and Adria. In the transition between the two domains, across the Apennines orogen, anisotropy measurements reflect a complex deep structure. To define better the upper-mantle structure beneath this area we analyze seismological data recorded by a set of seismic stations that operated for 3 years, between 2003 and 2006, located in the outer part of the Apennines belt, in the Adria terrane, collected by the RETREAT Project. Directionally distributed sets of SKS records were inverted for layered anisotropic structures with a well-tested method, adding new results to previous hypotheses for this area. New data analysis argues for two-layer anisotropy for sites located on the Apennines wedge and also one site in the Tuscan terrane. Beneath the wedge an upper layer with nearly north-south fast polarization pervades the lithospheric mantle, while at depth a nearly NW–SE Apennines-parallel direction is present in the lower layer. Beneath Tuscany a shallower NW–SE direction and a deeper E–W one suggest the deeper strain from active slab retreat, with a mantle-wedge circulation (i.e. an east–west corner flow), overlain by an Apennines-parallel fast polarization that could be a remnant of lower-crust deformation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 39-51
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Subduction zones ; Seismic anisotropy ; Northern Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 87
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    ANNALS OF GEOPHYSICS: AD MAJORA (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Annals of Geophysics (ISSN: 1593-5213; from 2010, 2037-416X) is a bimonthly international journal, which publishes scientific papers in the field of geophysics sensu lato. It derives from Annali di Geofisica (ISSN: 0365-2556), which commenced publication in January 1948 as a quarterly periodical devoted to general geophysics, seismology, Earth magnetism, and atmospheric studies....
    Description: Published
    Description: E0191
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 5T. Sorveglianza sismica e operatività post-terremoto
    Description: 6T. Sismicità indotta e caratterizzazione sismica dei sistemi naturali
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 5V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenze
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: 2A. Fisica dell'alta atmosfera
    Description: 3A. Ambiente Marino
    Description: 4A. Clima e Oceani
    Description: 5A. Energia e georisorse
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: 7A. Geofisica di esplorazione
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e Osservazioni
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori sperimentali e analitici
    Description: 3IT. Calcolo scientifico e sistemi informatici
    Description: 4IT. Banche dati
    Description: 5IT. Osservazioni satellitari
    Description: 6IT. Sale operative
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: editorial ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.01. Composition and Structure ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.03. Pollution ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.04. Processes and Dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.05. Radiation ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.06. Thermodynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.01. Ion chemistry and composition ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.02. Dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.03. Forecasts ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.04. Plasma Physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.05. Wave propagation ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.06. Instruments and techniques ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.07. Scintillations ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.01. Interplanetary physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.02. Magnetic storms ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.03. Magnetospheric physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.04. Structure and dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.05. Solar variability and solar wind ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.06. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.01. Active layer ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.02. Cryobiology ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.03. Cryosol ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.04. Periglacial processes ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.05. Seasonally frozen ground ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.06. Thermokarst ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.07. Tundra ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.01. Avalanches ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.02. Cryosphere/atmosphere Interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.03. Geomorphology ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.04. Ice ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.05. Ice dynamics ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.07. Ocean/ice interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.08. Rock glaciers ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.09. Snow ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.10. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.01. Aerosols ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.02. Atmospheric Chemistry ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.03. Climate Indicators ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.04. Ice Core Air Bubbles ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.05. Paleoclimate ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.06. Precipitation ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.07. Teleconnection ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.08. Temperature ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.09. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.01. Atmosphere/sea ice/ocean interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.02. Leads ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.03. Polynas ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.04. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.01. Analytical and numerical modeling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.02. Equatorial and regional oceanography ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.05. Operational oceanography ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.06. Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.07. Physical and biogeochemical interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.01. Channel networks ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.02. Hydrological processes: interaction, transport, dynamics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.05. Models and Forecasts ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.06. Water resources ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.01. Air/water/earth interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.02. General circulation ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.03. Interannual-to-decadal ocean variability ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.04. Upper ocean and mixed layer processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.01. Biogeochemical cycles ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.02. Carbon cycling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.04. Ecosystems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.01. Composition and state ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.04. Mineral physics and properties of rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.01. Geochemical exploration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.03. Heat flow ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.02. Earth rotation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.03. Gravity and isostasy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.04. Gravity anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.09. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.01. Dynamo theory ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.03. Global and regional models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.05. Main geomagnetic field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.07. Rock magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.09. Environmental magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.01. Continents ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.03. Heat generation and transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.08. Volcanic arcs ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.02. Cellular automata, fuzzy logic, genetic alghoritms, neural networks ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.03. Inverse methods ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.04. Hydrogeological data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.05. Collections ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.05. Mathematical geophysics::05.05.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.06. Methods::05.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.01. Solar-terrestrial interaction ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.02. Space weather ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.02. Hydrogeological risk ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 88
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    The 3D Attenuation Structure of Deception Island (Antarctica) (2015)
    Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-05
    Description: The seismic and volcanological structure of Deception Island (Antarctica) is an intense focus topic in Volcano Geophysics. The interpretations given by scientists on the origin, nature, and location of the structures buried under the island strongly diverge. We present a high-resolution 3D P-wave attenuation tomography model obtained by using the coda normalization method on 20,293 high-quality waveforms produced by active sources. The checkerboard and synthetic anomaly tests guarantee the reproduction of the input anomalies under the island down to a depth of 4 km. The results, once compared with our current knowledge on the geological, geochemical, and geophysical structure of the region, depict Deception as a piecemeal caldera structure coming out of the Bransfield Trough. Highattenuation anomalies contouring the northeastern emerged caldera rim correlate with the locations of sediments. In our interpretation, the main attenuation contrast, which appears under the collapsed southeastern caldera rim, is related to the deeper feeding systems. A unique P-wave high-attenuation spherical-like anomaly in the inner bay extends between depths of 1 and 3 km. The northern contour of the anomaly coincides with the calderic rim both at 1 and 2 km, while smaller anomalies connect it with deeper structures below 3 km, dipping toward the Bransfield Trough. In our interpretation, the large upper anomaly is caused by a high-temperature shallow (1–3 km deep) geothermal system, located beneath the sediment-filled bay in the collapsed blocks and heated by smaller, deeper contributions of molten materials (magma) rising from southeast.
    Description: Published
    Description: 371–390
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Attenuation ; Scattering ; Tomography ; Antarctica ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 89
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    2010-2014 Seismic activity images the activated fault system in the Pollino area, at the Appennines-Calabrian arc boundary region (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The main goal of this study is to increase the understanding of the physical mechanisms behind the ongoing seismic activity in the Pollino area and its influence on the seismic hazard of the Apennines-Calabrian arc boundary region. The study area, near the Pollino massif, is located at the northernmost edge of the Calabrian Arc, which is the last oceanic subduction segment along the Africa-Eurasian plate. The subduction results from the sinking of the Ionian oceanic plate beneath the Calabrian Arc-Southern Tyrrhenian Sea and is part of the fragmented tectonic boundary between two macro-plates: Africa and Eurasia. The subduction geometry is well-documented by several seismological studies (i.e. Chiarabba et al., 2005), and the lithospheric structure of the area is quietly well known (i.e. Totaro et al., 2014 and Piana Agostinetti and Amato, 2009) Despite the slow N-S convergence between these major plates, the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea is a large basin characterized by E-W extensional tectonic. Since Late Miocene, the Calabrian Arc slab experienced rapid rollback, moving E to SE at a rate of 5-6 cm/yr, which is by far higher than the ~1-2 cm/yr rate of convergence between Africa and Europa (Faccenna et al., 2004). However, during late Pleistocene, rollback and subduction have slowed and is likely proceeding at less than 1 cm/yr (D’Agostino and Selvaggi., 2004). Geodetic measurements show that the Pollino Range is subject to NE-SW anti-apenninic extension. In the region the strain rate field shows a continuous belt of extensional deformation that follows the ridge of the Southern Apennines and extends in the Pollino region. The extension rate appears to decrease from the Southern Apennines to the Calabria- Lucania border region (D’Agostino et al., 2013). This finding indeed reveals that the Pollino region is deforming and accumulating tectonic strain which results in a complex system of normal active faults striking sub-parallel to the Apennines. Two principal normal faults are present in the Italian Database of the Individual Seismogenic Sources DISS version 3.1.1 (DISS Working Group, 2010) in the Pollino area: the Pollino (P) fault and the “Rimendiello-Mormanno” (RM) fault system. The RM fault is an active seismogenic structure it strikes about NNW-SSE and dips toward NE; it has hosted in its northernmost part a M 5.0 earthquake on 9th September 1998. The P fault has similar strike but dips toward SW: it shows no recent seismicity and is hence one of the most prominent seismic gaps in the Italian historical seismic catalogue (Rovida et al., 2011). Paleoseismic studies have shown that the P fault was active in the last ten thousand years and is capable to produce events with magnitude above 6.0. The DISS database reports as debated source also the Piana Perretti fault (Brozzetti et al., 2009). A detailed structural map of the area interested by the seismic sequence shows three fault systems (Brozzetti et al., 2013) consisting of several aligned fault segments that have been active during the Late Pleistocene and are reasonably presently active. The first fault system strikes NW-SE and dips toward SW (including the Piana Perretti fault at the NE edge of the Mercure Basin), the second one has similar strike and NE dip, while the third one strikes about E-W. Earthquakes reported in the historical catalogues for this area are not very strong. Few earthquakes with magnitude probably less than 6 affected the area, including the Mw=5.6 “Mercure” event in 1998 (Brozzetti et al., 2009). The Parametric Catalogue of Italian earthquakes (CPTI11, Rovida et al., 2011), shows very well the lack of strong earthquakes in the region: there is a clear evidence of large earthquakes in the Campania-Basilicata area (M~7.0) and several strong earthquakes in the Sila region and in the whole Calabrian territory. According to the seismic classification of the national territory, the area affected by the 2010-2014 seismic activity have a relatively higher probability to be shaken by a strong acceleration (Gruppo di Lavoro MPS, 2004). Most of the seismic events occurred in areas where the peak ground acceleration having 10% chance of being exceeded in next 50 years is between the values of 0.225 g and 0.275 g.
    Description: Published
    Description: Bologna
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: 5T. Sorveglianza sismica e operatività post-terremoto
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e Osservazioni
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seimic Swarm, Pollino, active faults, Vp/Vs Seismic tomography, seismic anisotropy, temporary seismic network ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Oral presentation
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  • 90
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    Rayleigh wave dispersion measurements reveal low-velocity zones beneath the new crust in the Gulf of California (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-14
    Description: Rayleigh wave tomography provides images of the shallow mantle shear wave velocity structure beneath the Gulf of California. Low-velocity zones (LVZs) are found on axis between 26 and 50 km depth beneath the Guaymas Basin but mostly off axis under the other rift basins, with the largest feature underlying the Ballenas Transform Fault. We interpret the broadly distributed LVZs as regions of partial melting in a solid mantle matrix. The pathway for melt migration and focusing is more complex than an axis-centered source aligned above a deeper region of mantle melt and likely reflects the magmatic evolution of rift segments. We also consider the existence of solid lower continental crust in the Gulf north of the Guaymas Basin, where the association of the LVZs with asthenospheric upwelling suggests lateral flow assisted by a heat source. These results provide key constraints for numerical models of mantle upwelling and melt focusing in this young oblique rift.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1766–1774
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Low velocities in the Gulf upper mantle are interpreted as partial melting ; Partial melting under the Guaymas Basin and off axis of the other rift basins ; Lower crustal flow assisted by heat source in N Gulf near mantle upwelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 91
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    Crystallization and eruption ages of Breccia Museo (Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy) plutonic clasts and their relation to the Campanian ignimbrite (2014)
    Springer Verlag Germany
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Campi Flegrei volcanic district (Naples region, Italy) is a 12-km-wide, restless caldera system that has erupted at least six voluminous ignimbrites during the late Pleistocene, including the [300 km3 Campanian ignimbrite (CI) which originated from the largest known volcanic event of the Mediterranean region. The Breccia Museo (BM), a petrologically heterogeneous and stratigraphically complex volcanic deposit extending over 200 km2 in close proximity to Campi Flegrei, has long remained contentious regarding its age and stratigraphic relation to the CI. Here, we present crystallization and eruption ages for BM plutonic ejecta clasts that were determined via uranium decay series and (U–Th)/He dating of zircon, respectively. Despite mineralogical and textural heterogeneity of these syenitic clasts, their U–Th zircon rim crystallization ages are indistinguishable with an average age of 49.7 ± 2.5 ka (2r errors; mean square of weighted deviates MSWD = 1.2; n = 34). A subset of these crystals was used to obtain disequilibrium-corrected (U–Th)/He zircon ages which average 41.7 ± 1.8 ka (probability of fit P = 0.54; n = 15). This age closely overlaps with published CI 40Ar/39Ar eruption ages (40.6 ± 0.1 ka) after recalibration to recently revised flux monitor ages. Concordant eruption ages for BM and CI agree with previous chemostratigraphic and paleomagnetic correlations, suggesting their origin from the same eruption. However, they are at variance with recalibrated 40Ar/39Ar ages which have BM postdate CI by 3 ± 1 ka. BM syenites show similar geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopical features of pre-caldera rocks erupted between 58 and 46 ka, but are distinctive from subsequent calderaforming magmas. Energy-constrained assimilation and fractional crystallization modeling of Nd–Sr isotopic data suggests that pre-caldera magmas formed a carapace of BM-type intrusions in a mid-crust magma chamber (C8 km depth) shielding the younger CI magma from contamination by Hercynian basement wall rocks. An *41–50 ka hiatus in crystallization ages implies rapid solidification of these pre-CI intrusions. This argues against protracted pre-eruptive storage of a large volume of CI magma at shallow crustal levels.
    Description: Published
    Description: 953
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Pleistocene ; Zircon ; Geochronology ; Tephra ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 92
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    Deep structure and tectonics of the northern-central Apennines as seen by regional-scale tomography and 3-D located earthquakes (2014)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this study we present new high-resolution, regional-scale, Vp and Vp/Vs models of the northern-central Apennines along with accurate 3-D locations of a large set of local earthquakes. The main velocity anomalies are consistent with the surface geology in the shallow layers and present evidence for fluids stored within the basement at greater depths beneath the extensional belt. The Adria and Tyrrhenian mantle are defined by positive velocity anomalies below 30 km depth, while a low-Vp, high-Vp/Vs region in between indicates the existence of a hydrated wedge. The results yield new constraints on active processes in the Apennines and more generally envisage the evolution of a postcollisional belt. Velocity anomalies and earthquakes are consistent with a complex system of delamination and sinking of the Adria continental lithosphere, with the peeling of the crust identified by intermediate-depth seismicity. Change of seismicity and structural patterns along the belt indicates that this tectonic process is diachronous and that fluids, released by sunken lithosphere, are stored within the crust, conditioning the occurrence of seismicity and the onset of extension.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5391-5403
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Local earthquake tomography ; tectonic of Apennines ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 93
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    The Campi Flegrei Blind Test: Evaluating the Imaging Capability of Local Earthquake Tomography in a Volcanic Area (2013)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-30
    Description: During the 1982–1984 bradyseismic crises in the Campi Flegrei area (Italy), the University of Wisconsin deployed a network of seismological stations to record local earthquakes. In order to analyse the potential of the recorded data in terms of tomographic imaging, a blind test was recently set up and carried out in the framework of a research project. A model representing a hypothetical 3D structure of the area containing the Campi Flegrei caldera was also set up, and a synthetic dataset of time arrivals was in turn computed. The synthetic dataset consists of several thousand P- and S-time arrivals, computed at about fourteen stations. The tomographic inversion was performed by four independent teams using different methods. The teams had no knowledge of either the input velocity model or the earthquake hypocenters used to create the synthetic dataset. The results obtained by the different groups were compared and analysed in light of the true model. This work provides a thorough analysis of the earthquake tomography potential of the dataset recording the seismic activity at Campi Flegrei in the 1982–1984 period. It shows that all the tested earthquake tomography methods provide reliable low-resolution images of the background velocity field of the Campi Flegrei area, but with some differences. However, none of them succeeds in detecting the hypothetical structure details (i.e. with a size smaller than about 1.5–2 km), such as a magmatic chamber 4 km deep and especially the smaller, isolated bodies, which represent possible magmatic chimneys and intrusions.
    Description: Published
    Description: Article ID 505286
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei ; Tomography ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 94
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    Integrating new and traditional approaches for the estimate of slip-rates of active faults: examples from the Mw 6.3, 2009 L’Aquila earthquake area, Central Italy (2013)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-04
    Description: This thesis developed a multidisciplinary and multi-scale investigation strategy based on the integration of traditional and innovative approaches aimed at improving the normal faults seismogenic identification and characterization, focusing mainly on slip-rate estimate as a measure of the fault activity. The L’Aquila Mw 6.3 April 6, 2009 earthquake causative fault was used as a test site for the application, testing, and refinement of traditional and/or innovative approaches, with the aim to 1) evaluate their strength or limitations 2) develop a reference approach useful for extending the investigation to other active faults in the area and 3) translate the results of the methodological approaches into new inputs to local seismic hazard. The April 6, 2009 L’Aquila earthquake occurred on a so far poorly known tectonic structure, considered having a limited seismic potential, the Paganica - San Demetrio fault system (PSDFS), and thus has highlighted the need for a detailed knowledge in terms of location, geometry, and characterization of the active faults that are the potential sources for future earthquakes. To fill the gap of knowledge enhanced by the occurrence of the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake, we developed a multidisciplinary and multiscale‐based strategy consisting of paleoseismological investigations, detailed geomorphological and geological field studies, as well as shallow geophysical imaging and an innovative methodology that uses, as an alternative paleoseismological tool, core sampling and laboratory analyses but also in situ measurements of physical properties. The integration of geomorphology, geology as well as shallow geophysics, was essential to produce a new detailed geomorphological and geological map of the PSDFS and to define its tectonic style, arrangement, kinematics, extent, geometry and internal complexities. Our investigations highlighted that the PSDFS is a 19 km-long tectonic structure characterized by a complex structural setting at the surface and that is arranged in two main sectors: the Paganica sector to the NW and the San Demetrio sector to SE. The Paganica sector is characterized by a narrow deformation zone, with a relatively small (but deep) Quaternary basin affected by few fault splays. The San Demetrio sector is characterized by a strain distribution at the surface that is accommodated by several tectonic structures, with the system opening into a set of parallel, km-spaced fault traces that exhume and dissect the Quaternary basin. The integration of all the fault displacement data and age constraints (radiocarbon dating, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and tephrochronology) resulting from paleoseismological, geomorphological, geophysical and geological investigations played a primary role in the estimate of the slip-rate of the PSDFS. Slip-rates were estimated for different time intervals in the Quaternary, from Early Pleistocene (1.8 Ma) to Late Holocene (last 5 ka), yielding values ranging between 0.09 and 0.58 mm/yr and providing an average Quaternary slip-rate representative for the PSDFS of 0.27 - 0.48 mm/yr. We contributed also to the understanding of the PSDFS seismic behavior and of the local seismic hazard by estimating the max expected magnitude for this fault on the basis of its length (ca. 20 km) and slip per event (up to 0.8 m), and identifying the two most active fault splays at present. Our multidisciplinary results converge toward the possibility of the occurrence of past surface faulting earthquakes characterized by a moment magnitude between 6.3 and 6.8, notably larger than the 2009 event, but compatible with the M range observed in historical earthquakes in the area. The slip-rate distribution over time and space and the tectonic style of the PSDFS suggested the occurrence of strain migration through time in the southern sector, from the easternmost basin-bounding fault splay toward the southwestern splays. This topic has a significant implication in terms of surface faulting hazard in the area, because it can contribute defining the fault splays that have a higher potential to slip during future earthquakes along the PSDFS. By a methodological point of view, the multidisciplinary and multiscale‐based investigation strategy emphasizes the advantages of the joint application of different approaches and methodologies for active faults identification and characterization. Our work suggests that each approach alone may provide sufficient information but only the application of a multidisciplinary strategy is effective in providing robust results and in defining a proper framework of active faults.
    Description: Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna
    Description: Submitted
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: open
    Keywords: Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; Geomorphology ; LiDAR ; Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: thesis
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  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Spatial distribution of intrinsic and scattering seismic attenuation in active volcanic islands – II: Deception Island images (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this work, we present regional maps of the inverse intrinsic quality factor (Qi −1), the inverse scattering quality factor (Qs −1) and total inverse quality factor (Qt −1) for the volcanic environment of Deception Island (Antarctica). Our attenuation study is based on diffusion approximation, which permits us to obtain the attenuation coefficients for every single couple source-receiver separately. The data set used in this research is derived from an active seismic experiment using more than 5200 offshore shots (air guns) recorded at 32 onshore seismic stations and four ocean bottom seismometers. To arrive at a regional distribution of these values, we used a new mapping technique based on a Gaussian space probability function. This approach led us to create ‘2-D probabilistic maps’ of values of intrinsic and scattering seismic attenuation. The 2-D tomographic images confirm the existence of a high attenuation body below an inner bay of Deception Island. This structure, previously observed in 2-D and 3-D velocity tomography of the region, is associated with a massive magma reservoir. Magnetotelluric studies reach a similar interpretation of this strong anomaly. Additionally, we observed areas with lower attenuation effects that bear correlation with consolidated structures described in other studies and associated with the crystalline basement of the area. Our calculations of the transport mean-free path and absorption length for intrinsic attenuation gave respective values of ≈950 m and 5 km, which are lower than the values obtained in tectonic regions or volcanic areas such as Tenerife Island. However, as observed in other volcanic regions, our results indicate that scattering effects dominate strongly over the intrinsic attenuation.
    Description: This work has been partially supported by the Spanish project Ephestos, CGL2011–29499-C02–01, by the EU project EC-FP7 MEDiterranean SUpersite Volcanoes (MED-SUV), by the Basque Government researcher training program BFI09.277 and by the Regional project ‘Grupo de Investigaci´on en Geof´ısica y Sismolog´ıa de la Junta de Andaluc´ıa, RNM104.’ Edoardo del Pezzo was partly supported by DPC-INGV projects UNREST SPEED and V2 (Precursori).
    Description: Published
    Description: 1957-1969
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Seismic attenuation; ; Seismic tomography ; Volcano seismology ; Wave scattering and diffraction ; Wave propagation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    New insights on volcanic and tectonic structures of the southern Tyrrhenian (Italy) from marine and land seismic data (2013)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present results from the first crustal seismic tomography for the southern Tyrrhenian area, which includes ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) data and a bathymetry correction. This area comprises Mt. Etna, the Aeolian Islands, and many volcanic seamounts, including the Marsili Seamount. The seismicity distribution in the area depends on the complex interaction between tectonics and volcanism. The 3-D velocity model presented in this study is obtained by the inversion of P wave arrival times from crustal earthquakes. We integrate travel time data recorded by an OBS network (Tyrrhenian Deep Sea Experiment), the SN-1 seafloor observatory, and the land network. Our model shows a high correlation between the P wave anomaly distribution and seismic and volcanic structures. Two main low-velocity anomalies underlie the central Aeolian Islands and Mt. Etna. The two volumes, which are related to the well-known active volcanism, are separated and located at different depths. This finding, in agreement with structural, petrography, and GPS data from literature, confirms the independence of the two systems. The strongest negative anomaly is found below Mt. Etna at the base of the crust, and we associate it with the deep feeding system of the volcano. We infer that most of the seismicity is generated in brittle rock volumes that are affected by the action of hot fluids under high pressure due to the active volcanism in the area. Lateral changes of velocity are related to a transition from the western to the central Aeolian Islands and to the passage from continental crust to the Tyrrhenian oceanic uppermost mantle.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3703–3719
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: ocean bottom seismometers ; southern Tyrrhenian Sea ; seismic tomography ; Aeolian Islands ; Etna ; oceanic continental crust ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Inside Mt. Vesuvius: a new method to look at the seismic (velocity and attenuation) tomographic imaging (2013)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Mt. Vesuvius have been obtained using the programming facilities as well as the enhanced graphical power of Mathematica8TM. The velocity and attenuation space distributions, already calculated inverting respectively P-wave travel times and amplitude spectra of local VT quakes, are first optimally interpolated and then graphically represented in a new Mathematica8TM code notebook (a powerful computational document with more facilities than a simple code) developed by the present authors. The notebook aims at interactively and friendly representing 3D volume distributions of velocity and attenuation parameters. The user can easily obtain vertical sections (N-S, E-W, NE-SW and NW-SE oriented) and define color scales to represent velocity or attenuation variations or prefer iso-surface plots to represent the pattern of peculiar geological structures. The use of dynamic graphical representation, allowing the sliding of any (horizontal and/or vertical) slice through the volume under study, gives an unusual and powerful vision of any small velocity or attenuation anomaly. The (open source) code, coupled with the friendly use of internal routines of Mathematica, allows to adapt the graphical representation to any user necessity. The method appears to be particularly adapt to represent attenuation images, where the space variations of the parameters are strong with respect to their average. The 3-D plots of the interpolated velocity and attenuation fields enhance the image of Mt. Vesuvius structure, evidencing low-velocity associated with high attenuation anomalies which appeared unfocused in the plots reported by Scarpa et al. [2002] and De Siena et al. [2009].
    Description: Hypocentral locations are taken from GEOVES DataBase (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - INGV, Osservatorio Vesuviano). Raw data from tomography studies were released by their authors. The software described in this paper has been prepared in the framework of the projects: V2-“Precursori di Eruzioni in Vulcani Quiescenti: Campi Flegrei e Vulcano”. Convenzione INGV-DPC (2012-2013); EPHESTOS CGL2011-2949- C02-01 (University of Granada, Instituto Andaluz de Geofísica); MEDiterranean SUpersite Volcanoes (MED-SUV) FP7 ENV.2012. 6.4-2 Grant agreement no. 308665. (European Community).
    Description: Published
    Description: S0443
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Tomography, ; Mt. Vesuvius ; Seismic attenuation ; Mathematica ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale: stato dell'arte e sviluppo delle reti di monitoraggio sismico (2013)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: Il sistema CUMAS (Cabled Underwater Module for Acquisition of Seismological data) è un prodotto tecnologico-scientifico complesso nato con il Progetto V4 [Iannaccone et al., 2008] allo scopo di monitorare l’area vulcanica dei Campi Flegrei (fenomeno del bradisismo). Si tratta di un modulo sottomarino cablato e connesso a una boa galleggiante (meda elastica). Il sistema è in grado di acquisire e trasmettere alla sala di monitoraggio dell’OV, in continuo e in tempo reale, sia i segnali sismologici sia quelli di interesse geofisico ed oceanografico (maree, correnti marine, segnali acustici subacquei, parametri funzionali di varia natura). Il sistema è in grado di ricevere comandi da remoto per variare diversi parametri di acquisizione e di monitorare un cospicuo numero di variabili di funzionamento. Il sistema si avvale del supporto di una boa galleggiante attrezzata. La boa è installata a largo del golfo di Pozzuoli (Napoli) a circa 3 km dalla costa. Il modulo sottomarino, collegato via cavo alla parte fuori acqua della boa, è installato sul fondale marino a una profondità di circa 100 metri.
    Description: Submitted
    Description: 82-85
    Description: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: 1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: 2.5. Laboratorio per lo sviluppo di sistemi di rilevamento sottomarini
    Description: 5.2. TTC - Banche dati di sismologia strumentale
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Monitoraggio sismico; sistemi sottomarini; boa; meda elastica ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.01. Composition and Structure ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.03. Pollution ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.04. Processes and Dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.05. Radiation ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.06. Thermodynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.01. Ion chemistry and composition ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.02. Dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.03. Forecasts ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.04. Plasma Physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.05. Wave propagation ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.06. Instruments and techniques ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.07. Scintillations ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.01. Interplanetary physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.02. Magnetic storms ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.03. Magnetospheric physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.04. Structure and dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.05. Solar variability and solar wind ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.06. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.01. Active layer ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.02. Cryobiology ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.03. Cryosol ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.04. Periglacial processes ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.05. Seasonally frozen ground ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.06. Thermokarst ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.07. Tundra ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.01. Avalanches ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.02. Cryosphere/atmosphere Interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.03. Geomorphology ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.04. Ice ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.05. Ice dynamics ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.07. Ocean/ice interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.08. Rock glaciers ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.09. Snow ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.10. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.01. Aerosols ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.02. Atmospheric Chemistry ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.03. Climate Indicators ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.04. Ice Core Air Bubbles ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.05. Paleoclimate ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.06. Precipitation ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.07. Teleconnection ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.08. Temperature ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.09. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.01. Atmosphere/sea ice/ocean interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.02. Leads ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.03. Polynas ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.04. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.01. Analytical and numerical modeling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.02. Equatorial and regional oceanography ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.05. Operational oceanography ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.06. Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.07. Physical and biogeochemical interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.01. Channel networks ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.02. Hydrological processes: interaction, transport, dynamics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.05. Models and Forecasts ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.06. Water resources ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.01. Air/water/earth interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.02. General circulation ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.03. Interannual-to-decadal ocean variability ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.04. Upper ocean and mixed layer processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.01. Biogeochemical cycles ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.02. Carbon cycling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.04. Ecosystems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.01. Composition and state ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.04. Mineral physics and properties of rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.01. Geochemical exploration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.03. Heat flow ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.02. Earth rotation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.03. Gravity and isostasy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.04. Gravity anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.09. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.01. Dynamo theory ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.03. Global and regional models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.05. Main geomagnetic field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.07. Rock magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.09. Environmental magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.01. Continents ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.03. Heat generation and transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.08. Volcanic arcs ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.02. Cellular automata, fuzzy logic, genetic alghoritms, neural networks ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.03. Inverse methods ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.04. Hydrogeological data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.05. Collections ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.05. Mathematical geophysics::05.05.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.06. Methods::05.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.01. Solar-terrestrial interaction ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.02. Space weather ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.02. Hydrogeological risk ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: manuscript
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    The Earth Expansion Evidence – A Challenge for Geology, Geophysics and Astronomy (2013)
    Aracne Editrice, Roma
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Published
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: open
    Keywords: Expanding Earth ; Geodynamics ; Global Tectonics ; Life Evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.02. Earth rotation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book
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    Accompanying material of a paper (2013)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: KFUPM - Grant n. RG1115-1
    Description: Submitted
    Description: 1.11. TTC - Osservazioni e monitoraggio macrosismico del territorio nazionale
    Description: open
    Keywords: 3D relocation ; 3D tomography ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: web product
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