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  • 1
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    Active Fold‐Thrust Belt to Foreland Transition in Northern Adria, Italy, Tracked by Seismic Reflection Profiles and GPS Offshore Data (2020)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: The Adria microplate is the foreland of the oppositely verging Apennines and Alps or Dinarides fold‐thrust belts associated to the related subduction zones. Along its western margin, the Adria plate hosts the active Northern Apennines accretionary prism, which is buried under the Adriatic Sea and the Po Plain. The interpretation of seismic reflection profiles and borehole data allowed us to define the geometry of the transition from the Apennines fold‐thrust belt to its undeformed foreland. Moreover, continuous GPS (CGPS) data from offshore hydrocarbon platforms anchored to the seabed of the northern Adriatic plate allow to measure present‐day kinematics. Although the CGPS signals are affected by non‐tectonic components associated with hydrocarbon extraction, the integration of geodetic analysis, subsurface geological reconstructions, and analytical modeling allowed us to constrain the ongoing tectonic activity. Shortening is currently accommodated by aseismic slip along the basal detachment, likely accumulating elastic energy along the frontal ramp that may eventually seismically slip. Our multidisciplinary study suggests that the study area may not be sheltered from relevant seismic sequences similar to the Mw 6 Emilia 2012 events and that the occurrence of potential seismogenic sources in the area should be carefully evaluated. Similar studies may be useful to constrain the present‐day activity in other marine areas and to identify potential and hitherto unrecognized seismogenic sources along the entire Apennines belt and other accretionary prisms worldwide.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020TC006425
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Geological hazard assessment of the coastal area of Rome (Central Italy) from multi-source data integration (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-03
    Description: This work presents the first 3D geological model of the Rome coastal area that integrates available subsurface geological, stratigraphic and geophysical data with surface geochemical data obtained both from the literature and new surveys. The model provides new insights into the stratigraphic and tectonic setting of the area and the geological factors controlling both natural and human-induced gas emissions. This sector of the Italian Tyrrhenian margin has been historically affected by natural emissions of deep CO2 and thermogenic CH4, stored in permeable layers but with local migration to the surface along buried normal faults. In addition to natural processes, human activities can also cause leakage and serious health risks, such as the abrupt gas release in August 2013, that was triggered by borehole drillings near the Rome international airport. The presented 3D reconstruction unveils the link between faults, stratigraphy, lithology and the distribution of the soil gas anomalies. It provides information about the depth of the reservoir that can potentially trap endogenous gases, and the location and geometry of the main faults along which the gas migrates towards the surface. Furthermore, reconstruction of the distribution and thickness of important clay layers better constrains the low permeable areas that prevent gas escape. The 3D model, coupled with the geochemical information, can serve as a useful tool for the local administration to perform land-use planning and manage the local geological and degassing hazards that affect this highly urbanized area near Rome. Furthermore, we estimate that the large amount of CO2 broadly released in the area also provides a contribution to the budget of natural greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
    Description: Published
    Description: 106527
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 3D geological model ; Soil gas ; Active faults ; Surface degassing ; Geological hazards ; Tiber delta ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    A multidisciplinary approach gives new insights into the shallow structural setting of the Val d'Agri oilfield (Basilicata, southern Apennines, Italy); (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-23
    Description: The Val d’Agri (VA) oilfield in the Lucanian Apennines (southern Italy), represents the largest onshore in Europe. Since the 1990's, hydrocarbons are produced from a fractured carbonate reservoir with an average extraction rate of 7*104 barrels/day of oil and 3*106 Smc/day of gas. Part of the wastewater has been re-injected since 2006 into a marginal portion of the reservoir by a high-rate well (Costa Molina 2, CM2). Charged by the Italian oil and gas safety authority, the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) monitors the VA industrial hydrocarbon operations through the research activity of a dedicated working group (CMS, Centro di Monitoraggio del Sottosuolo) and according to the governmental monitoring guidelines. The CMS operates the real-time acquisition and offline analyses of seismic data recorded at 56 seismic stations associated with public and private local seismic networks. The principal aim of the CMS is to investigate the risk associated with industrial activities that can induce or trigger seismic events by producing stress changes within the upper crustal volume. Previous works have highlighted a spatio-temporal relationship between micro-seismicity (ML ≤ 2.2) and wastewater injection, delineating a NE-dipping back-thrust near the CM2. Part of the microseismicity recorded in the southwestern portion of the VA has also been associated with the water level changes of the Pertusillo lake. One of the main challenges is to define an accurate structural setting of the VA to understand the potential of earthquakes in the area and investigate the presence of active faults. The VA consists of a Quaternary extensional tectonic basin and it is one of the areas of highest seismic hazard in Italy (Basilicata, 1857, M7 earthquake). The basin is bounded by two parallel and oppositely dipping normal fault systems: the Monti della Maddalena Fault System (MMFS) on its western side and the Eastern Agri Fault System (EAFS) on the eastern one. The characterization of the ongoing tectonic activity of the MMFS and EAFS, and their hierarchical relationship is still generating debate among the scientific community. We adopt a multidisciplinary approach based on detailed geological-structural, geophysical and seismic analyses, and electrical resistivity tomography, aimed at reconstructing the subsurface geology of the area and recognizing and characterizing the active and capable faults, and the associated potential for local seismic hazard. We present and discuss the results of this work, focusing on the relative location of seismic events that occurred between March and June 2022. The outcomes allow inferring interesting geologic constraints, highlighting the relationships between the distribution of local seismicity and the structural setting of the area in the uppermost crust (depth 〈 6 km).
    Description: Published
    Description: Vienna
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Keywords: Val d'Agri
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 4
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    Buried Alive: Imaging the 9 November 2022, Mw 5.5 Earthquake Source on the Offshore Adriatic Blind Thrust Front of the Northern Apennines (Italy) (2023)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-05
    Description: The prompt identification of faults responsible for moderate-to-large earthquakes is fundamental for understanding the likelihood of further, potentially damaging events. This is increasingly challenging when the activated fault is an offshore buried thrust, where neither coseismic surface ruptures nor GPS/InSAR deformation data are available after an earthquake. We show that on 9 November 2022, an Mw 5.5 earthquake offshore Pesaro ruptured a portion of the buried Northern Apennines thrust front (the Cornelia thrust system [CTS]). By post-processing and interpreting the seismic reflection profiles crossing this thrust system, we determined that the activated fault (CTS) is an arcuate 30-km-long, NW-SE striking, SW dipping thrust and that older structures at its footwall possibly influenced its position and geometry. The activation of adjacent segments of the thrust system is a plausible scenario that deserves to be further investigated to understand the full earthquake potential of this offshore seismogenic source.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2022GL102299
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic reflection profiles ; Structural geology ; blind thrust ; buried fault ; earthquake sequence ; seismogenic fault ; subsurface modelling ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Tectonic-Sedimentary evolution of the Tuscan shelf (Italy): Seismic-stratigraphic/structural analysis of Neogenic succession in the Tyrrhenian Sea between Elba Island and Monte Argentario promontory (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-09
    Description: between Elba Island and Monte Argentario promontory, was performed to reappraise the Tuscan shelf tectonic evolution. Despite the almost flat geometry of the seafloor, seismic profiles show a corrugated morphology of the pre-neogenic deformed acoustic basement, organized in structural highs and narrow, mostly N-S and NNW-SSE basins. We identified an intimate relationship between the thrust-related structural highs and the position of the basins, principally located at the forelimb and backlimb of major antiforms, a legacy of a primarily Miocene compressional stage. During the middle Miocene, the Tyrrhenian Sea opening set up, and the extensional front migrated from west to east, progressively activating and deactivating the observed high-angle faults, blandly controlling the sedimentation within the basins. After the late Messinian, a regional collapse stage led to the deepening and widening of the basins. A progressive deactivation of all the normal faults is recorded from the lower Pliocene. After the Late Pliocene/early Pleistocene, the area turned into a passive and widespread sinking stage without any frank tectonic activity. Results show that regional thrusts shaped the main architecture of the Tuscan Shelf shallow crust, while the neogenic depocenters started to develop as thrust-top basins along the flanks of the inherited antiforms. Intriguingly and partially in contrast with previous works, no evidence of lowangle normal fault was observed. We propose an innovative model that poses new questions on the crustal-scale mechanisms responsible for Tyrrhenian extensional process-related features, also establishing a new and unique starting point for fully unraveling the tectonic evolution of this portion of central Italy's offshore domain.
    Description: Published
    Description: 230211
    Description: OST1 Alla ricerca dei Motori Geodinamici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Tyrrhenian Sea ; Tuscan shelf ; Neogenic basins ; Extensional tectonics ; Inherited structures
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Scattering Attenuation Images of the Control of Thrusts and Fluid Overpressure on the 2016–2017 Central Italy Seismic Sequence (2024)
    Wiley-Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-12
    Description: Deep fluid circulation likely triggered the large extensional events of the 2016–2017 Central Italy seismic sequence. Nevertheless, the connection between fault mechanisms, main crustal-scale thrusts, and the circulation and interaction of fluids with tectonic structures controlling the sequence is still debated. Here, we show that the 3D temporal and spatial mapping of peak delays, proxy of scattering attenuation, detects thrusts and sedimentary structures and their control on fluid overpressure and release. After the mainshocks, scattering attenuation drastically increases across the hanging wall of the Monti Sibillini and Acquasanta thrusts, revealing fracturing and fluid migration. Before the sequence, low-scattering volumes within Triassic formations highlight regions of fluid overpressure, which enhances rock compaction. Our results highlight the control of thrusts and paleogeography on the sequence and hint at the monitoring potential of the technique for the seismic hazard assessment of the Central Apennines and other tectonic regions.
    Description: Pianeta Dinamico/2020–2022 supported by Ministero dell'Istruzione, Università e Ricerca (MIUR)
    Description: Published
    Description: e2023GL103132
    Description: OST3 Vicino alla faglia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Scattering ; Thrust ; fluids ; Central Apennines ; solid earth
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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