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  • Engineering  (11,670)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (11,661)
  • Alliance for Coastal Technologies  (15)
  • Geological Society of America  (10)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • Nature Publishing Group
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  • 1
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    Enabling Sensor* Interoperability, Portland, Maine, October 16-18 2006: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3112 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:51:50 | 3112 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The ACT workshop "Enabling Sensor Interoperability" addressed the need for protocols at thehardware, firmware, and higher levels in order to attain instrument interoperability within and betweenocean observing systems. For the purpose of the workshop, participants spoke in tern of "instruments" rather than "sensors," defining an instrument as a device that contains one or more sensors or actuators and can convert signals from analog to digital.An increase in the abundance, variety, and complexity of instruments and observing systems suggeststhat effective standards would greatly improve "plug-and-work" capabilities. However, there are few standards or standards bodies that currently address instrument interoperability and configuration.Instrument interoperability issues span the length and breadth of these systems, from the measurementto the end user, including middleware services. There are three major components of instrumentinteroperability including physical, communication, and application/control layers. Participantsidentified the essential issues, current obstacles, and enabling technologies and standards,then came up with a series of short and long term solutions.The top three recommended actions, deemed achievable within 6 months of the release of thisreport are:A list of recommendations for enabling instrument interoperability should be put togetherand distributed to instrument developers.A recommendation for funding sources to achieve instrument interoperability should bedrafted. Funding should be provided (for example through NOPP or an IOOS request forproposals) to develop and demonstrate instrument interoperability technologies involvinginstrument manufacturers, observing system operators, and cyberinfrastructure groups.Program managers should be identified and made to understand that milestones for achievinginstrument interoperability include a) selection of a methodology for uniquely identifyingan instrument, b) development of a common protocol for automatic instrumentdiscovery, c) agreement on uniform methods for measurements, d) enablement of end usercontrolled power cycling, and e) implementation of a registry component for IDS and attributes.The top three recommended actions, deemed achievable within S years of the release of this reportare:An ocean observing interoperability standards body should be established that addresses standards for a) metadata, b) commands, c) protocols, d) processes, e) exclusivity, and f)naming authorities.[PDF contains 48 pages]
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment
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  • 2
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    Meteorological Buoy Sensor Workshop, Solomons, Maryland, April 19-21, 2006: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3115 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:52:01 | 3115
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The co-organized Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) and National Data Buoy Center (NDBC)Workshop "Meteorological Buoy Sensors Workshop" convened in Solomons, Maryland, April 19to 21,2006, sponsored by the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science (UMCES)Chesapeake Bay Laboratory (CBL), an ACT partner institution. Participants from various sectorsincluding resource managers and industry representatives collaborated to focus on technologies andsensors that measure the near surface variables of wind speed and direction, barometric pressure,humidity and air temperature. The vendor list was accordingly targeted at companies that producedthese types of sensors. The managers represented a cross section of federal, regional and academicmarine observing interests from around the country. Workshop discussions focused on the challengesassociated with making marine meteorological observations in general and problems that werespecific to a particular variable. Discussions also explored methods to mitigate these challengesthrough the adoption of best practices, improved technologies and increased standardization. Someof the key workshop outcomes and recommendations included:0cean.US should establish a committee devoted to observations. The committee wouldhave a key role in developing observing standards.The community should adopt the target cost, reliability and performance standards draftedfor a typical meteorological package to be used by a regional observing system.A forum should be established to allow users and manufacturers to share best practicesfor the employment of marine meteorological sensors. The ACT website would host theforum.Federal activities that evaluate meteorological sensors should make their results publiclyavailable.ACT should extend their evaluation process to include meteorological sensors.A follow on workshop should be conducted that covers the observing of meteorologicalvariables not addressed by this workshop. (pdf contains 18 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment
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  • 3
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    Evaluating approaches and technologies for monitoring organic contaminants in the aquatic environment, Ann Arbor, MI, July 21-23, 2006: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3114 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:51:58 | 3114 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) convened a workshop on Evaluating Approaches and Technologies for Monitoring Organic Contaminants in the Aquatic Environment in Ann Arbor, MI on July 21-23, 2006. The primary objectives of this workshop were to: 1) identify the priority management information needs relative to organic contaminant loading; 2) explore themost appropriate approaches to estimating mass loading; and 3) evaluate the current status of thesensor technology. To meet these objectives, a mixture of leading research scientists, resourcemanagers, and industry representatives were brought together for a focused two-day workshop.The workshop featured four plenary talks followed by breakout sessions in which arranged groupsof participants where charged to respond to a series of focused discussion questions.At present, there are major concerns about the inadequacies in approaches and technologies forquantifying mass emissions and detection of organic contaminants for protecting municipal watersupplies and receiving waters. Managers use estimates of land-based contaminant loadings torivers, lakes, and oceans to assess relative risk among various contaminant sources, determinecompliance with regulatory standards, and define progress in source reduction. However, accuratelyquantifying contaminant loading remains a major challenge. Loading occurs over a range ofhydrologic conditions, requiring measurement technologies that can accommodate a broad rangeof ambient conditions. In addition, in situ chemical sensors that provide a means for acquiringcontinuous concentration measurements are still under development, particularly for organic contaminantsthat typically occur at low concentrations. Better approaches and strategies for estimatingcontaminant loading, including evaluations of both sampling design and sensor technologies,need to be identified. The following general recommendations were made in an effort to advancefuture organic contaminant monitoring:1. Improve the understanding of material balance in aquatic systems and the relationship betweenpotential surrogate measures (e.g., DOC, chlorophyll, particle size distribution) and target constituents.2. Develop continuous real-time sensors to be used by managers as screening measures and triggersfor more intensive monitoring.3. Pursue surrogate measures and indicators of organic pollutant contamination, such as CDOM,turbidity, or non-equilibrium partitioning.4. Develop continuous field-deployable sensors for PCBs, PAHs, pyrethroids, and emerging contaminantsof concern and develop strategies that couple sampling approaches with tools that incorporatesensor synergy (i.e., measure appropriate surrogates along with the dissolved organics toallow full mass emission estimation).[PDF contains 20 pages]
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Earth Sciences ; Environment ; Chemistry
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  • 4
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    Transfer of Medical Sensor Technologies to Environmental Monitoring, Solomons, Maryland, April 6-8, 2005: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3123 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:52:46 | 3123 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: (pdf contains 23 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment
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  • 5
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    Dissolved oxygen probes: making oxygen measurements routine like temperature, St Petersburg, Florida, January 4-6, 2006: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3118 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:52:37 | 3118 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) Workshop "Making Oxygen MeasurementsRoutine Like Temperature" was convened in St. Petersburg, Florida, January 4th - 6th, 2006. Thisevent was sponsored by the University of South Florida (USF) College of Marine Science, anACT partner institution and co-hosted by the Ocean Research Interactive Observatory Networks(ORION). Participants from researcldacademia, resource management, industry, and engineeringsectors collaborated with the aim to foster ideas and information on how to make measuringdissolved oxygen a routine part of a coastal or open ocean observing system.Plans are in motion to develop large scale ocean observing systems as part of the US IntegratedOcean Observing System (100s; see http://ocean.us) and the NSF Ocean Observatory Initiative(001; see http://www.orionprogram.org/00I/default.hl). These systems will require biologicaland chemical sensors that can be deployed in large numbers, with high reliability, and forextended periods of time (years). It is also likely that the development cycle for new sensors issufficiently long enough that completely new instruments, which operate on novel principles,cannot be developed before these complex observing systems will be deployed. The most likelypath to development of robust, reliable, high endurance sensors in the near future is to movethe current generation of sensors to a much greater degree of readiness. The ACT OxygenSensor Technology Evaluation demonstrated two important facts that are related to the need forsensors. There is a suite of commercially available sensors that can, in some circumstances,generate high quality data; however, the evaluation also showed that none of the sensors were ableto generate high quality data in all circumstances for even one month time periods due tobiofouling issues.Many groups are attempting to use oxygen sensors in large observing programs; however, thereoften seems to be limited communication between these groups and they often do not have accessto sophisticated engineering resources. Instrument manufacturers also do not have sufficientresources to bring sensors, which are marketable, but of limited endurance or reliability, to ahigher state of readiness. The goal of this ACT/ORION Oxygen Sensor Workshop was to bringtogether a group of experienced oceanographers who are now deploying oxygen sensors inextended arrays along with a core of experienced and interested academic and industrialengineers, and manufacturers. The intended direction for this workshop was for this group toexchange information accumulated through a variety of sensor deployments, examine failuremechanisms and explore a variety of potential solutions to these problems. One anticipatedoutcome was for there to be focused recommendations to funding agencies on development needsand potential solutions for 02 sensors. (pdf contains 19 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment
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  • 6
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    Towed vehicles: undulating platforms as tools for maping coastal processes and water quality assessment, Seaside, California, February 5-7,2007. Workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3106 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:51:19 | 3106 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) Workshop on Towed Vehicles: Undulating PlatformsAs Tools for Mapping Coastal Processes and Water Quality Assessment was convenedFebruary 5-7,2007 at The Embassy Suites Hotel, Seaside, California and sponsored by the ACT-PacificCoast partnership at the Moss Landing Marine Laboratories (MLML). The TUV workshopwas co-chaired by Richard Burt (Chelsea Technology Group) and Stewart Lamerdin (MLMLMarine Operations). Invited participants were selected to provide a uniform representation of theacademic researchers, private sector product developers, and existing and potential data productusers from the resource management community to enable development of broad consensus opinionson the application of TUV platforms in coastal resource assessment and management.The workshop was organized to address recognized limitations of point-based monitoring programs,which, while providing valuable data, are incapable of describing the spatial heterogeneityand the extent of features distributed in the bulk solution. This is particularly true as surveysapproach the coastal zone where tidal and estuarine influences result in spatially and temporallyheterogeneous water masses and entrained biological components. Aerial or satellite based remotesensing can provide an assessment of the aerial extent of plumes and blooms, yet provide no informationregarding the third dimension of these features. Towed vehicles offer a cost-effectivesolution to this problem by providing platforms, which can sample in the horizontal, vertical, andtime-based domains. Towed undulating vehicles (henceforth TUVs) represent useful platformsfor event-response characterization. This workshop reviewed the current status of towed vehicletechnology focusing on limitations of depth, data telemetry, instrument power demands, and shiprequirements in an attempt to identify means to incorporate such technology more routinely inmonitoring and event-response programs. Specifically, the participants were charged to addressthe following: (1) Summarize the state of the art in TUV technologies; (2) Identify how TUVplatforms are used and how they can assist coastal managers in fulfilling their regulatory and managementresponsibilities; (3) Identify barriers and challenges to the application of TUV technologiesin management and research activities, and (4) Recommend a series of community actions toovercome identified barriers and challenges.A series of plenary presentation were provided to enhance subsequent breakout discussions bythe participants. Dave Nelson (University of Rhode Island) provided extensive summaries andreal-world assessment of the operational features of a variety of TUV platforms available in theUNOLs scientific fleet. Dr. Burke Hales (Oregon State University) described the modification ofTUV to provide a novel sampling platform for high resolution mapping of chemical distributionsin near real time. Dr. Sonia Batten (Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Sciences) providedan overview on the deployment of specialized towed vehicles equipped with rugged continuousplankton recorders on ships of opportunity to obtain long-term, basin wide surveys of zooplanktoncommunity structure, enhancing our understanding of trends in secondary production in the upperocean. [PDF contains 32 pages]
    Description: NOAA
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment ; Planning
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  • 7
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    Recent Developments in In Situ Nutrient Sensors: applications and future directions, Savannah, Georgia, December 11-13, 2006: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3111 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:51:47 | 3111 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) convened a Workshop on "Recent Developments in In Situ Nutrient Sensors: Applications and Future Directions" from 11-13 December, 2006. The workshop was held at the Georgia Coastal Center in Savannah, Georgia, with local coordination provided by the ACT partner at the Skidaway Institute of Oceanography (University System of Georgia). Since its formation in 2000, ACT partners have been conducting workshops on various sensor technologies and supporting infrastructure for sensor systems. This was the first workshop to revisit a topic area addressed previously by ACT.An earlier workshop on the "State of Technology in the Development and Application of Nutrient Sensors" was held in Savannah, Georgia from 10-12 March, 2003. Participants in the first workshop included representatives from management, industry, and research sectors. Among the topics addressed at the first workshop were characteristics of "ideal" in situ nutrient sensors, particularly with regard to applications in coastal marine waters.In contrast, the present workshop focused on the existing commercial solutions. The in situ nutrient sensor technologies that appear likely to remain the dominant commercial options for the next decade are reagent-based in situ auto-analyzers (or fluidics systems) and an optical approach (spectrophotometric measurement of nitrate). The number of available commercial systems has expanded since 2003, and community support for expanded application and further development of these technologies appears warranted. Application in coastal observing systems, including freshwater as well as estuarine and marine environments, was a focus of the present workshop.This included discussion of possible refinements for sustained deployments as part of integrated instrument packages and means to better promote broader use of nutrient sensors in observing system and management applications. The present workshop also made a number of specific recommendations concerning plans for a demonstration of in situ nutrient sensor technologies that ACT will be conducting in coordination with sensor manufacturers.[PDF contains 40 pages]
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment
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  • 8
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    Wave Sensor Technologies, St Petersburg, Florida, March 7-9, 2007: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons,MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3108 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:51:38 | 3108 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) convened a workshop on "Wave Sensor Technologies" in St. Petersburg, Florida on March 7-9, 2007, hosted by the University of South Florida (USF) College of Marine Science, an ACT partner institution. The primary objectives of thisworkshop were to: 1) define the present state of wave measurement technologies, 2) identify the major impediments to their advancement, and 3) make strategic recommendations for future development and on the necessary steps to integrate wave measurement sensors into operationalcoastal ocean observing systems. The participants were from various sectors, including research scientists, technology developers and industry providers, and technology users, such as operational coastal managers and coastal decision makers.Waves consistently are ranked as a critical variable for numerous coastal issues, from maritime transportation to beach erosion to habitat restoration. For the purposes of this workshop, the participants focused on measuring "wind waves" (i.e., waves on the water surface, generated by thewind, restored by gravity and existing between approximately 3 and 30-second periods), although it was recognized that a wide range of both forced and free waves exist on and in the oceans. Also, whereas the workshop put emphasis on the nearshore coastal component of wave measurements, the participants also stressed the importance of open ocean surface waves measurement. Wave sensor technologies that are presently available for both environments include bottom-mounted pressure gauges, surface following buoys, wave staffs, acoustic Doppler current profilers, and shore-based remote sensing radar instruments.One of the recurring themes of workshop discussions was the dichotomous nature of wave data users. The two separate groups, open ocean wave data users and the nearshore/coastal wave data users, have different requirements. Generally, the user requirements increase both in spatial/temporal resolution and precision as one moves closer to shore. Most ocean going mariners areadequately satisfied with measurements of wave period and height and a wave general direction.However, most coastal and nearshore users require at least the first five Fourier parameters ("First 5"): wave energy and the first four directional Fourier coefficients. Furthermore, wave research scientists would like sensors capable of providing measurements beyond the first four Fourier coefficients. It was debated whether or not high precision wave observations in one location cantake the place of a less precise measurement at a different location. This could be accomplished by advancing wave models and using wave models to extend data to nearby areas. However, the consensus was that models are no substitution for in situ wave data.[PDF contains 26 pages]
    Description: NOAA
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Engineering ; Environment
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  • 9
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    Measures of turbidity in coastal waters, Coconut Island, Oahu, Hawaii, August 31 - September 2, 2005: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3120 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:52:40 | 3120 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: A three day workshop on turbidity measurements was held at the Hawaii Institute of MarineBiology from August 3 1 to September 2, 2005. The workshop was attended by 30 participantsfrom industry, coastal management agencies, and academic institutions. All groups recognizedcommon issues regarding the definition of turbidity, limitations of consistent calibration, and thelarge variety of instrumentation that nominally measure "turbidity." The major recommendations,in order of importance for the coastal monitoring community are listed below:1. The community of users in coastal ecosystems should tighten instrument designconfigurations to minimize inter-instrument variability, choosing a set of specificationsthat are best suited for coastal waters. The IS0 7027 design standard is not tight enough.Advice on these design criteria should be solicited through the ASTM as well as Federaland State regulatory agencies representing the majority of turbidity sensor end users.Parties interested in making turbidity measurements in coastal waters should developdesign specifications for these water types rather than relying on design standards madefor the analysis of drinking water.2. The coastal observing groups should assemble a community database relating output ofspecific sensors to different environmental parameters, so that the entire community ofusers can benefit from shared information. This would include an unbiased, parallel studyof different turbidity sensors, employing a variety of designs and configuration in thebroadest range of coastal environments.3. Turbidity should be used as a measure of relative change in water quality rather than anabsolute measure of water quality. Thus, this is a recommendation for managers todevelop their own local calibrations. See next recommendation.4. If the end user specifically wants to use a turbidity sensor to measure a specific waterquality parameter such as suspended particle concentration, then direct measurement ofthat water quality parameter is necessary to correlate with 'turbidity1 for a particularenvironment. These correlations, however, will be specific to the environment in whichthey are measured. This works because there are many environments in which watercomposition is relatively stable but varies in magnitude or concentration. (pdf contains 22 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Engineering ; Environment
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  • 10
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    Integrated Sensor Systems for Vessels of Opportunity, National Oceanographic Centre, Southampton, UK, October 10-12,2006 : workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3113 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:51:53 | 3113 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The use of self-contained, low-maintenance sensor systems installed on commercial vessels isbecoming an important monitoring and scientific tool in many regions around the world. Thesesystems integrate data from meteorological and water quality sensors with GPS data into a datastream that is automatically transferred from ship to shore. To begin linking some of this developingexpertise, the Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) and the European Coastal and OceanObserving Technology (ECOOT) organized a workshop on this topic in Southampton, UnitedKingdom, October 10-12, 2006. The participants included technology users, technology developers,and shipping representatives. They collaborated to identify sensors currently employed onintegrated systems, users of this data, limitations associated with these systems, and ways to overcomethese limitations. The group also identified additional technologies that could be employedon future systems and examined whether standard architectures and data protocols for integratedsystems should be established.Participants at the workshop defined 17 different parameters currently being measured by integratedsystems. They identified that diverse user groups utilize information from these systemsfrom resource management agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), to localtourism groups and educational organizations. Among the limitations identified were instrumentcompatibility and interoperability, data quality control and quality assurance, and sensor calibrationandlor maintenance frequency. Standardization of these integrated systems was viewed to beboth advantageous and disadvantageous; while participants believed that standardization could bebeneficial on many levels, they also felt that users may be hesitant to purchase a suite of instrumentsfrom a single manufacturer; and that a "plug and play" system including sensors from multiplemanufactures may be difficult to achieve.A priority recommendation and conclusion for the general integrated sensor system communitywas to provide vessel operators with real-time access to relevant data (e.g., ambient temperatureand salinity to increase efficiency of water treatment systems and meteorological data for increasedvessel safety and operating efficiency) for broader system value. Simplified data displaysare also required for education and public outreach/awareness. Other key recommendations wereto encourage the use of integrated sensor packages within observing systems such as 100s andEuroGOOS, identify additional customers of sensor system data, and publish results of previouswork in peer-reviewed journals to increase agency and scientific awareness and confidence in thetechnology.Priority recommendations and conclusions for ACT entailed highlighting the value of integratedsensor systems for vessels of opportunity through articles in the popular press, and marine science. [PDF contains 28 pages]
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment ; ACT ; ECOOT
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  • 11
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    Technologies for Measuring Currents in Coastal Environments, Portland, Maine, October 26-28, 2005:workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3119 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:52:39 | 3119 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) Workshop entitled "Technologies for MeasuringCurrents in Coastal Environments" was held in Portland, Maine, October 26-28, 2005, withsponsorship by the Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System (GoMOOS), an ACT partnerorganization. The primary goals of the event were to summarize recent trends in nearshoreresearch and management applications for current meter technologies, identify how currentmeters can assist coastal managers to fulfill their regulatory and management objectives, and torecommend actions to overcome barriers to use of the technologies. The workshop was attendedby 25 participants representing state and federal environmental management agencies,manufacturers of current meter technologies, and researchers from academic institutions andprivate industry.Common themes that were discussed during the workshop included 1) advantages and limitationsof existing current measuring equipment, 2) reliability and ease of use with each instrument type,3) data decoding and interpretation procedures, and 4) mechanisms to facilitate better training andguidance to a broad user group. Seven key recommendations, which were ranked in order ofimportance during the last day of the workshop are listed below.1. Forums should be developed to facilitate the exchange of information among users andindustry:a) On-line forums that not only provide information on specific instruments andtechnologies, but also provide an avenue for the exchange of user experiences withvarious instruments (i.e. problems encountered, cautions, tips, advantages, etc). (seeReferences for manufacturer websites with links to application and technical forums atend of report)b) Regional training/meetings for operational managers to exchange ideas on methods formeasuring currents and evaluating data.c) Organize mini-meetings or tutorial sessions within larger conference venues.2. A committee of major stakeholders should be convened to develop common standards(similar to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) committee) thatenable users to switch sensors without losing software or display capabilities. (pdf contains 28 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Engineering ; Environment
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  • 12
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    Ground water-surface water interactions sensor technology, Savannah, Georgia, March 7-9, 2005: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3124 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:52:48 | 3124 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) held a Workshop on Sensor Technology forAssessing Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions in the Coastal Zone on March 7 to 9,2005 inSavannah, GA. The main goal of the workshop was to summarize the general parameters, whichhave been found to be useful in assessing groundwater-surface water (GW-SW) interactions in thecoastal zone. The workshop participants (Appendix I) were specifically charged with identifyingthe types of sensor systems, if any, that have been used to obtain time-series data and to makeknown which parameters may be the most amenable to the development/application of sensortechnology. The group consisted of researchers, industry representatives, and environmentalmanagers.Four general recommendations were made:1. Educate coastal managers and agencies on the importance of GW-SW interactions,keeping in mind that regulatory agencies are driven by a different set of rules thanresearchers: the focus is on understanding the significance of the problem and providingsolutions. ACT could facilitate this process in two ways. First, given that the researchliterature on this subject is fairly diffuse, ACT could provide links from its web site to factsheets or other literature. Second, ACT could organize a focused meeting for managersand/or agency groups.Encourage development of primary tools for quantifying flow. The most promisingtechnology in this respect is flow meters designed for flux chambers, mainly because theyshould be simple to use and can be made relatively inexpensively. However, it should bekept in mind that they provide only point measurements and several would need to bedeployed as a network in order to obtain reliable flow estimates. For evaluating systemwide GW-SW interactions, tools that integrate the signal over large areas would berequired. Suggestions include a user-friendly hydrogeologic models, keeping in mind thatfreshwater flow is not the entire story, or continuous radon monitors. Though the latterwould be slightly more difficult to use in terms of background knowledge, such aninstrument would be low power and easy to operate and maintain. ACT could facilitatethis recommendation by identifying funding opportunities on its web site and/orperforming evaluations of existing technologies that could be summarized on the web site. (pdf contains 18 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment
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  • 13
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    Optical Remote Sensing of Coastal Habitats, Moss Landing, California, 9-11 January, 2006: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3117 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:52:04 | 3117 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) Workshop on Optical Remote Sensing of CoastalHabitats was convened January 9-11, 2006 at Moss Landing Marine Laboratories in MossLanding, California, sponsored by the ACT West Coast regional partnership comprised of theMoss Landing Marine Laboratories (MLML) and the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI). The "Optical Remote Sensing of Coastal Habitats" (ORS) Workshop completesACT'S Remote Sensing Technology series by building upon the success of ACT'S West CoastRegional Partner Workshop "Acoustic Remote Sensing Technologies for Coastal Imaging andResource Assessment" (ACT 04-07). Drs. Paul Bissett of the Florida Environmental ResearchInstitute (FERI) and Scott McClean of Satlantic, Inc. were the ORS workshop co-chairs. Invitedparticipants were selected to provide a uniform representation of the academic researchers, privatesector product developers, and existing and potential data product users from the resource managementcommunity to enable development of broad consensus opinions on the role of ORS technologiesin coastal resource assessment and management.The workshop was organized to examine the current state of multi- and hyper-spectral imagingtechnologies with the intent to assess the current limits on their routine application for habitat classificationand resource monitoring of coastal watersheds, nearshore shallow water environments,and adjacent optically deep waters. Breakout discussions focused on the capabilities, advantages,and limitations of the different technologies (e.g., spectral & spatial resolution), as well as practicalissues related to instrument and platform availability, reliability, hardware, software, and technicalskill levels required to exploit the data products generated by these instruments. Specifically,the participants were charged to address the following: (1) Identify the types of ORS data productscurrently used for coastal resource assessment and how they can assist coastal managers in fulfillingtheir regulatory and management responsibilities; (2) Identify barriers and challenges to theapplication of ORS technologies in management and research activities; (3) Recommend a seriesof community actions to overcome identified barriers and challenges.Plenary presentations by Drs. Curtiss 0. Davis (Oregon State University) and Stephan Lataille(ITRES Research, Ltd.) provided background summaries on the varieties of ORS technologiesavailable, deployment platform options, and tradeoffs for application of ORS data products withspecific applications to the assessment of coastal zone water quality and habitat characterization.Dr. Jim Aiken (CASIX) described how multiscale ground-truth measurements were essential fordeveloping robust assessment of modeled biogeochemical interpretations derived from opticallybased earth observation data sets. While continuing improvements in sensor spectral resolution,signal to noise and dynamic range coupled with sensor-integrated GPS, improved processing algorithmsfor georectification, and atmospheric correction have made ORS data products invaluablesynoptic tools for oceanographic research, their adoption as management tools has lagged. SethBlitch (Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve) described the obvious needs for, yetsubstantial challenges hindering the adoption of advanced spectroscopic imaging data productsto supplement the current dominance of digital ortho-quad imagery by the resource managementcommunity, especially when they impinge on regulatory issues. (pdf contains 32 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 14
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    Trace Metal Sensors for Coastal Monitoring, Seaside, California, April 11-13, 2005: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3122 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:52:44 | 3122 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) Workshop on Trace Metal Sensors for CoastalMonitoring was convened April 11-13, 2005 at the Embassy Suites in Seaside, California withpartnership from Moss Landing Marine Laboratories (MLML) and the Monterey Bay AquariumResearch Institute (MBARI).Trace metals play many important roles in marine ecosystems. Due to their extreme toxicity, theeffects of copper, cadmium and certain organo-metallinc compounds (such as tributyltin andmethylmercury) have received much attention. Lately, the sublethal effects of metals onphytoplankton biochemistry, and in some cases the expression of neurotoxins (Domoic acid),have been shown to be important environmental forcing functions determining the compositionand gene expression in some groups. More recently the role of iron in controlling phytoplanktongrowth has led to an understanding of trace metal limitation in coastal systems. Although metalsplay an important role at many different levels, few technologies exist to provide rapid assessmentof metal concentrations or metal speciation in the coastal zone where metal-induced toxicity orpotential stimulation of harmful algal blooms, can have major economic impacts. This workshopfocused on the state of on-site and in situ trace element detection technologies, in terms of whatis currently working well and what is needed to effectively inform coastal zone managers, as wellas guide adaptive scientific sampling of the coastal zone. Specifically the goals of this workshopwere to: 1) summarize current regional requirements and future targets for metal monitoring infreshwater, estuarine and coastal environments; 2) evaluate the current status of metal sensors andpossibilities for leveraging emerging technologies for expanding detection limits and targetelements; and 3) help identify critical steps needed for and limits to operational deployment ofmetal sensors as part of routine water quality monitoring efforts.Following a series of breakout group discussions and overview talks on metal monitoringregulatory issues, analytical techniques and market requirements, workshop participants madeseveral recommendations for steps needed to foster development of in situ metal monitoringcapacities:1. Increase scientific and public awareness of metals of environmental and biologicalconcern and their impacts in aquatic environments. Inform scientific and publiccommunities regarding actual levels of trace metals in natural and perturbed systems.2. Identify multiple use applications (e.g., industrial waste steam and drinking water qualitymonitoring) to support investments in metal sensor development. (pdf contains 27 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Engineering ; Environment
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 15
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    Seabed Sensor Technology, Savannah, Georgia, February 1-3, 2006: workshop proceedings (2021)
    Alliance for Coastal Technologies | Solomons, MD
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3239 | 130 | 2011-09-29 17:41:57 | 3239 | University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: Future coastal management practices require that a holistic, ecosystem management approach beadopted. Coastal ecosystems, however, present a variety of specific and unique challengesrelative to open ocean systems. In particular, interactions with the seabed significantly influencethe coastal ecosystem. Observing technologies must be developed and employed to incorporateseafloor interactions, processes and habitat diversity into research and management activities.An ACT Workshop on Seabed Sensor Technology was held February 1-3, 2006 in Savannah,Georgia, to summarize the current state of sensor technologies applicable to examining andmonitoring the coastal seabed, including the near-bed benthic boundary layer and surfacesediment layer. Workshop participants were specifically charged to identify current sensors inuse, recommend improvements to these systems and to identify areas for future development andactivities that would advance the use of sensor technology in the observation, monitoring andmanagement of the coastal benthic environment. (pdf contains 23 pages)
    Description: NOAA
    Description: Alliance for Coastal Technologies, CBL/UMCES
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Engineering ; Environment
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    Type: monograph
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  • 16
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    Coseismic recrystallization during shallow earthquake slip (2015)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-26
    Description: Solidified frictional melts, or pseudotachylytes, remain the only unambiguous indicator of seismic slip in the geological record. However, pseudotachylytes form at 〉5 km depth, and there are many rock types in which they do not form at all. We performed low- to high-velocity rock friction experiments designed to impose realistic coseismic slip pulses on calcite fault gouges, and report that localized dynamic recrystallization may be an easy-to-recognize microstructural indicator of seismic slip in shallow, otherwise brittle fault zones. Calcite gouges with starting grain size 〈250 μm were confined up to 26 MPa normal stress using a purpose-built sample holder. Slip velocities were between 0.01 and 3.4 m s−1, and total displacements between 1 and 4 m. At coseismic slip velocities ≥0.1 m s−1, the gouges were cut by reflective principal slip surfaces lined by polygonal grains 〈1 μm in size. The principal slip surfaces were flanked by 〈300 μm thick layers of dynamically recrystallized calcite (grain size 1–10 μm) containing well-defined shape- and crystallographic-preferred orientations. Dynamic recrystallization was accompanied by fault weakening and thermal decomposition of calcite to CO2 + CaO. The recrystallized calcite aggregates resemble those found along the principal slip surface of the Garam thrust, South Korea, exhumed from 〈5 km depth. We suggest that intense frictional heating along the experimental and natural principal slip surfaces resulted in localized dynamic recrystallization, a microstructure that may be diagnostic of seismic slip in the shallow crust.
    Description: Published
    Description: 63-66
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; shallow earthquales ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.04. Mineral physics and properties of rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 17
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    Mirror-like faults and power dissipation during earthquakes (2015)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-17
    Description: Earthquakes occur along faults in response to plate tectonic movements, but paradoxically, are not widely recognized in the geological record, severely limiting our knowledge of earthquake physics and hampering accurate assessments of seismic hazard. Light-reflective (so-called mirror like) fault surfaces are widely observed geological features, especially in carbonate-bearing rocks of the shallow crust. Here we report on the occurrence of mirror-like fault surfaces cutting dolostone gouges in the Italian Alps. Using friction experiments, we demonstrate that the mirror-like surfaces develop only at seismic slip rates (∼1 m/s) and for applied normal stresses and sliding displacements consistent with those estimated on the natural faults. Under these experimental conditions, the frictional power density dissipated in the samples is comparable to that estimated for natural earthquakes (1–10 MW/m2). Our results indicate that mirror-like surfaces in dolostone gouges are a signature of seismic faulting, and can be used to estimate power dissipation during ancient earthquake ruptures.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1175-1178
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Earthquakes ; Faults ; Carbonates ; Rock Mechanics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.04. Mineral physics and properties of rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 18
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    Dynamic feeder dyke systems in basaltic volcanoes: the exceptional example o fthe 1809 Etna eruption (Italy) (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper, we describe the 1809 eruption of Mt. Etna, Italy, which represents one historical rare case in which it is possible to observe details of the internal structure of the feeder system. This is possible thanks to the presence of two large pit craters located in the middle of the eruptive fracture field that allow studying a section of the shallow feeder system. Along the walls of one of these craters, we analysed well-exposed cross sections of the uppermost 15–20 m of the feeder system and related volcanic products. Here, we describe the structure, morphology and lithology of this portion of the 1809 feeder system, including the host rock which conditioned the propagation of the dyke, and compare the results with other recent eruptions. Finally, we propose the dynamic model of the magma behaviour inside a laterally-propagating feeder dyke, demonstrating how this dynamic triggered important changes in the eruptive style (from effusive/Strombolian to phreatomagmatic) during the same eruption. Our results are also useful for hazard assessment related to the development of flank eruptions, potentially the most hazardous type of eruption from basaltic volcanoes in densely urbanized areas, such as Mt. Etna.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-11
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: feeder dyke ; basaltic volcanoes ; flank eruptions ; Etna ; volcanic hazards ; sill ; volcanic rift ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
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  • 19
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    The seismogenic structure of the 2013–2014 Matese seismic sequence, Southern Italy: implication for the geometry of the Apennines active extensional belt (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Seismological, geological and geodetic data have been integrated to characterize the seismogenic structure of the late 2013-early 2014 moderate energy (maximum local magnitude MLmax = 4.9) seismic sequence that struck the interior of the Matese Massif, part of the Southern Apennines active extensional belt. The sequence, heralded by a ML = 2.7 foreshock, was characterized by two main shocks with ML = 4.9 and ML = 4.2, respectively, which occurred at a depth of ∼17–18 km. The sequence was confined in the 10–20 km depth range, significantly deeper than the 1997–1998 sequence which occurred few km away on the northeastern side of the massif above ∼15 km depth. The depth distribution of the 2013–14 sequence is almost continuous, albeit a deeper (16–19 km) and a shallower (11–15 km) group of events can be distinguished, the former including the main shocks and the foreshock. The epicentral distribution formed a ∼10 km long NNW–SSE trending alignment, which almost parallels the surface trace of late Pliocene–Quaternary southwest-dipping normal faults with a poor evidence of current geological and geodetic deformation. We built an upper crustal model profile for the eastern Matese massif through integration of geological data, oil exploration well logs and seismic tomographic images. Projection of hypocentres on the profile suggests that the seismogenic volume falls mostly within the crystalline crust and subordinately within the Mesozoic sedimentary cover of Apulia, the underthrust foreland of the Southern Apennines fold and thrust belt. Geological data and the regional macroseismic field of the sequence suggest that the southwest-dipping nodal plane of the main shocks represents the rupture surface that we refer to here as the Matese fault. The major lithological discontinuity between crystalline and sedimentary rocks of Apulia likely confined upward the rupture extent of the Matese fault. Repeated coseismic failure represented by the deeper group of events in the sequence, activated in a passive fashion the overlying ∼11–15 km deep section of the upper crustal normal faults. We consider the southwest-dipping Matese fault representative of a poorly known type of seismogenic structures in the Southern Apennines, where extensional seismogenesis and geodetic strain accumulation occur more frequently on NE-dipping, shallower-rooted faults. This is the case of the Boiano Basin fault located on the northern side of the massif, to which the 1997–1998 sequence is related. The close proximity of the two types of seismogenic faults at the Matese Massif is related to the complex crustal architecture generated by the Pliocene–early Pleistocene contractional and transpressional tectonics.
    Description: Published
    Description: 823-837
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Seismicity and tectonics ; Continental tectonics: extensional ; Crustal structure ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
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  • 20
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    The stress field in Europe: optimal orientations with confidence limits (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This article has been accepted for publication in Geophysical Journal International ©: The Authors 2003. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
    Description: In this study, we modify and extend a data analysis technique to determine the stress orientations between data clusters by adding an additional constraint governing the probability algorithm. We apply this technique to produce a map of the maximum horizontal compressive stress (S_Hmax) orientations in the greater European region (including Europe, Turkey and Mediterranean Africa). Using the World Stress Map dataset release 2008, we obtain analytical probability distributions of the directional differences as a function of the angular distance, θ. We then multiply the probability distributions that are based on pre-averaged data within θ〈3° of the interpolation point and determine the maximum likelihood estimate of the S_Hmax orientation. At a given distance, the probability of obtaining a particular discrepancy decreases exponentially with discrepancy. By exploiting this feature observed in the World Stress Map release 2008 dataset, we increase the robustness of our S_Hmax determinations. For a reliable determination of the most likely S_Hmax orientation, we require that 90% confidence limits be less than ±60° and a minimum of three clusters, which is achieved for 57% of the study area, with small uncertainties of less than ±10° for 7% of the area. When the data density exceeds 0.8×10^-3 data/km2, our method provides a means of reproducing significant local patterns in the stress field. Several mountain ranges in the Mediterranean display 90° changes in the S_Hmax orientation from their crests (which often experience normal faulting) and their foothills (which often experience thrust faulting). This pattern constrains the tectonic stresses to a magnitude similar to that of the topographic stresses.
    Description: This work was supported by the DPC-INGV 2008-2010 S1 project, the EU-FP7 project “Seismic Hazard Harmonization in Europe” (SHARE; Grant agreement no. 226967), and project MIUR-FIRB "Abruzzo" (code: RBAP10ZC8K_003).
    Description: Published
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Neotectonics ; Seismicity and tectonics ; Fractures and faults ; Intra-plate processes ; Plate motions ; Dynamics: gravity and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous
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  • 21
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    New kinematic constraints of the western Doruneh fault, north-eastern Iran, from interseismic deformation analysis (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We used the SBAS DInSAR analysis technique to estimate the interseismic deformation along the western part of the Doruneh fault system (DFS), northeastern Iran. We processed 90 ENVISAT images from four different frames from ascending and descending orbits. Three of the ground velocity maps show a significant interseismic signal. Using a simple dislocation approach we model 2-D velocity profiles concerning three InSAR data set relative to the western part of the DFS, obtaining a good fit to the observations. The resulting model indicates that a slip rate of ∼5mmyr−1 accumulates on the fault below 10 km depth, and that in its western sector the Doruneh fault is not purely strike-slip (left-lateral) as in its central part, but shows a significant thrust component. Based on published geological observations, and assuming that all interseismic deformation is recovered with a single event, we can estimate a characteristic recurrence interval between 630 and 1400 yr.
    Description: Published
    Description: 622-628
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Image processing; Satellite geodesy; Seismic cycle; Radar interferometry; Seismicity and tectonics; Continental tectonics: strike-slip and transform. ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 22
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    Modeling the interseismic deformation of a thrust system: seismogenic potential of the Southern Alps (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-24
    Description: This article focuses on the Montello thrust system in the Eastern Southern Alps as a potential seismogenic source. This system is of particular interest because of its lack of historical seismicity. Nevertheless, the system is undergoing active deformation. We developed a finite-element model using visco-elasto-plastic rheology. The free parameters of the model (essentially, the locking status of the three thrusts included in the study), were constrained by matching the observed horizontal GPS and vertical levelling data. We show that the amount of interseismic fault locking, and thus the seismic potential, is not necessarily associated with the fastest-slipping faults. More specifically, the locked Bassano thrust has a greater seismic potential than the freely slipping Montello thrust. The findings suggest that faults with subtle evidence of Quaternary activity should be carefully considered when creating seismic hazard maps.
    Description: Published
    Description: 221-227
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: interseismic deformation ; Montello thrust ; Southern Alps ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology
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  • 23
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    Active extension in Val d’Agri area, Southern Apennines, Italy: implications for the geometry of the seismogenic belt. (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: Integration of geologic, geomorphologic and seismologic data sets is used to reconstruct the recent tectonic evolution and active deformation pattern in the Val d’Agri area, located in the seismically active axial sector of the Southern Apennines (Italy). The western portion of the Apennines thrust belt has been affected by Pliocene–Quaternary extension during easterly roll-back and crustal delamination of the Adriatic slab. The bulk of Quaternary extension has been accommodated bySW-dipping oblique and normal faults,which have attained mature morphologic and structural features and, nowadays, separate mountain ranges from intermontane basins. However, in the present seismogenic belt, coseismic faulting locally occurs on NE-dipping structures, which might cut the inherited Pleistocene landscape. In theVal d’Agri basin, in spite of the large Early–Middle Pleistocene, displacement occurred on SW-dipping faults bordering its eastern flank, our investigations show that the recent basin evolution has been controlled by a NE-dipping fault system (Monti della Maddalena fault system, MMFS). This fault system cuts across the Monti della Maddalena range, west of the Agri valley and has not yet created an evident tectonic landscape. Notwithstanding, fault motion since the Middle Pleistocene might explain geomorphologic and hydrographic anomalies of the Agri river and its valley, where fault-controlled subsidence has captured the river course and produced an aggrading plain within a regional uplift context. Recent and ongoing motion is documented by fault scarplets in loose deposits, 14C ages of palaeosols and the spatial relation with low to moderate instrumental seismicity. Results from fault kinematic analysis are compatible with fault-plane solutions of local and regional seismic events, and indicate ∼NE–SW oriented extension. Recognition of the MMFS as a potential seismogenic fault increases the longitudinal extent of the NE-dipping, morphologically immature seismic sources in the Southern Apennines and argues against the range-bounding fault model for active extension in the region. The regional size of the NE-dipping seismogenic belt may result from impingement of a mantle wedge beneath the Apenninic chain and possibly track the external front of crustal delamination.
    Description: Published
    Description: 591-609
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: active tectonics ; crustal deformation ; earthquakes ; geomorphology ; normal faulting ; Southern Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology
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  • 24
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    Introduction: The ANDRILL McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS) and Southern McMurdo Sound (SMS) Drilling Projects (2012)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: No Abstract
    Description: Published
    Description: 546-547
    Description: 2.3. TTC - Laboratori di chimica e fisica delle rocce
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Stratigraphic Drilling ; McMurdo Ice Shelf ; Chronostratigraphy ; Neogene ; Tectonics ; Ice Sheet history ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy
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  • 25
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    Neogene deformation and granite emplacement in the metamorphic units of northern Apennines (Italy): Insights from mylonitic marbles in the Porto Azzurro pluton contact aureole (Elba Island) (2012)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the northern Tyrrhenian Sea, late Miocene intrusions (Monte Capanne pluton and Porto Azzurro pluton) were emplaced at upper crustal levels (〈0.2 GPa) in the thrust systems of Elba Island. The emplacement of intrusive rocks is currently explained in the context of late Miocene extensional tectonics. New detailed structural data collected along a continuous natural cross section through the contact aureole of the Porto Azzurro pluton (eastern Elba) where strain localization has occurred within two west-dipping decameter-scale carbonate shear zones, namely the Calanchiole and Felciaio shear zones, are reported here. These shear zones, characterized by a lithological difference with calcite and dolomite marbles dominant in the Calanchiole and Felciaio shear zones, respectively, exhibit a similar rheological behavior. They represent two weakened layers in which west-dipping mylonitic foliation, sheath folds, boudinage structures, and upright folds developed within the contact aureole. Moreover, in correspondence with the Felciaio shear zone, the inversion of metamorphic facies occurs. Meso- and microstructural data give evidence that most of the deformation and displacement in the shear zones was coeval with contact metamorphism and developed under metamorphic conditions retrograde from pyroxene hornfels to hornblende-hornfels facies. Geometric and kinematic features indicate that both shear zones correspond to ductile thrusts, which led to internal stacking of the contact aureole. Therefore, at Elba Island, emplacement of intrusive rocks coeval with late Miocene crustal shortening gives a new perspective on relations between tectonics and magmatism in the northern Apennines.
    Description: Published
    Description: 470-490
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: granite emplacement ; contact aureole ; deformation and metamorphism ; Neogene ; northern Apennines ; Elba Island ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 26
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    Insights from the Mw 6.3, 2009 L?Aquila earthquake (central Apennines) - Unveiling new seismogenic sources through their surface signatures: the adjacent San Pio Fault (2011)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We analyzed a broad region around L’Aquila in search of seismogenic faults similar to that responsible for the 6 April 2009 earthquake (Mw 6.3). Having the lessons learned from this earthquake in mind, we focused on adjacent areas displaying similar morphotectonic, geological and structural evidence. The basin running from Barisciano to Civitaretenga-Navelli, notably located near the southeastern edge of the 2009 aftershock pattern, appears to be one of such areas. We collected morphotectonic and structural data indicating that this basin is underlain by a major active normal fault (San Pio Fault). All the observations are very much reminiscent of the morphotectonic, geological and structural setting of area struck by the L’Aquila earthquake, suggesting that the newly identified fault has the potential for a Mw 6.2-6.4 shock.
    Description: Published
    Description: Pages: 108–115
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Seismotectonics ; Morphotectonics ; Active fault ; San Pio basin ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology
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  • 27
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    Monogenetic vent self-similar clustering in extending continental crust: Examples from the East African Rift System (2011)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The spatial clustering of fracture networks and vents in basaltic volcanic fields has been analyzed in three sectors of the East African Rift System, the classical example of an active continental rift. Fracture trace maps and monogenetic basaltic vents have been thus collected in the Afar Depression, in the Main Ethiopian Rift, and in the Virunga Belt (Western Rift). The mapped vents are generally younger than 2 Ma, and most are of Holocene age. All the analyzed fracture networks have self-similar clustering with fractal exponents (Df) varying in the 1.54−1.85 range. Also, vents show a self-similar clustering with fractal exponents (Dv) in the 1.17−1.50 range. For all the studied sectors, the relationship Df 〉 Dv has been observed. The fractal exponents for vents (Dv) of power-law distributions are computed in a range of lengths with a lower and an upper cutoff. The upper cutoff (Uco) for the fractal clustering of vents in the studied sectors of the East African Rift System are compared with the respective crust thickness derived by independent geophysical data. The computed Ucos for the studied sectors well match the crust thickness in the volcanic fields. A preliminary conceptual model to explain the relationships between the upper cutoffs of the fractal distribution of vents and the thickness of the crust in the volcanic fields is thus proposed in the light of the percolation theory.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: crustal thickness ; basaltic volcanic fields ; vent distribution ; EASR ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 28
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    Introduction: LASI III—Magma pulses and sheets in tabular intrusions (2011)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The origins of granites and intrusive rocks have been widely discussed for a couple of centuries, and the way volcanoes work and their magma forms have attracted scientists, naturalists, and laymen since the dawn of humankind. However, shallow igneous intrusions, representing the obvious link between the hidden kingdom of Pluto and the fiery realm of Vulcanus, have been partly overlooked, leading to some lack of communication between “plutonic” and “volcanic” researchers. An effort devoted to heal this breach has been contributed to by the establishment of the LASI conferences (named after laccolith and sill, the main types of shallow igneous intrusions).
    Description: Published
    Description: 161-162
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: upper crustal level intrusions ; emplacement of magma ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
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  • 29
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    Revised slip rates for the Alpine fault at Inchbonnie: Implications for plate boundary kinematics of South Island, New Zealand (2010)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The northeast-striking, dextral-reverse Alpine fault transitions into the Marlborough Fault System near Inchbonnie in the central South Island, New Zealand. New slip-rate estimates for the Alpine fault are presented following a reassessment of the geomorphology and age of displaced late Holocene alluvial surfaces of the Taramakau River at Inchbonnie. Progressive avulsion and abandonment of the Taramakau floodplain, aided by fault movements during the late Holocene, have preserved a left-stepping fault scarp that grows in height to the northeast. Surveyed dextral (22.5 ± 2 m) and vertical (4.8 ± 0.5 m) displacements across a left stepover in the fault across an alluvial surface are combined with a precise maximum age from a remnant tree stump (≥1590–1730 yr) to yield dextral, vertical, and reverse-slip rates of 13.6 ± 1.8, 2.9 ± 0.4, and 3.4 ± 0.6 mm/yr, respectively. These values are larger (dextral) and smaller (dip slip) than previous estimates for this site, but they refl ect advances in the local chronology of surfaces and represent improved time-averaged results over 1.7 k.y. A geological kinematic circuit constructed for the central South Island demonstrates that (1) 69%–89% of the Australian-Pacific plate motion is accommodated by the major faults (Alpine-Hope-Kakapo) in this transitional area, (2) the 50% drop in slip rate on the Alpine fault between Hokitika and Inchbonnie is taken up by the Hope and Kakapo faults at the southwestern edge of the Marlborough Fault System, and (3) the new slip rates are more compatible with contemporary models of strain partitioning presented from geodesy.
    Description: Published
    Description: 139-152
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Modelli per la stima della pericolosità sismica a scala nazionale
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Alpine fault ; plate boundary ; slip rate ; New Zealand ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
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  • 30
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    Possible causes of arc development in the Apennines, central Italy (2010)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-14
    Description: In central Italy, the geometry, kinematics, and tectonic evolution of the late Neogene Umbrian Arc, which is one of the main thrusts of the northern Apennines, have long been studied. Documented evidence for orogenic curvature includes vertical axis rotations along both limbs of the arc and a positive orocline test along the entire arc. The cause of the curvature is, however, still unexplained. In this work, we focus our attention on the southern portion of the Umbrian Arc, the so-called Olevano- Antrodoco thrust. We analyze, in particular, gravity and seismic-reflection data and consider available paleomagnetic, stratigraphic, structural, and topographic evidence from the central Apennines to infer spatial extent, attitude, and surface effects of a midcrustal anticlinorium imaged in the CROP-11 deep seismic profile. The anticlinorium has horizontal dimensions of ~50 by 30 km, and it is located right beneath the Olevano- Antrodoco thrust. Stratigraphic, structural, and topographic evidence suggests that the anticlinorium produced a surface uplift during its growth in early Pliocene times. We propose an evolutionary model in which, during late Neogene time, the Olevano- Antrodoco thrust developed in an out-of sequence fashion and underwent ~16° of clockwise rotation when the thrust ran into and was then raised and folded by the growing anticlinorium (late Messinian–early Pliocene time). This new model suggests a causal link between midcrustal folding and surficial orogenic curvature that is consistent with several available data sets from the northern and central Apennines; more evidence is, however, needed to fully test our hypothesis. Additionally, due to the occurrence of midcrustal basement-involved thrusts in other orogens, this model may be a viable mechanism for arc formation elsewhere.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1409-1420
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: oroclines ; Apennines ; fold and thrust belts ; gravity anomalies ; seismic reflection profiles ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.04. Gravity anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
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  • 31
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    Simultaneous magma and gas eruptions at three volcanoes in southern Italy: an earthquake trigger? (2008)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: In September 2002, a series of tectonic earthquakes occurred north of Sicily, Italy, followed by three events of volcanic unrest within 150 km. On October 28, 2002, Mt. Etna erupted; on November 3, 2002, submarine degassing occurred near Panarea Island; and on December 28, 2002, Stromboli Island erupted. All of these events were considered unusual: the Mt. Etna NE-rift eruption was the largest in 55 yr, the Panarea degassing was one of the strongest ever detected there, and the Stromboli eruption, which produced a landslide and tsunami, was the largest effusive eruption in 17 yr. Here, we investigate the synchronous occurrence of these clustered unrest events, and develop a possible explanatory model. We compute short-term earthquake-induced dynamic strain changes and compare them to long-term tectonic effects. Results suggest that the earthquake-induced strain changes exceeded annual tectonic strains by at least an order of magnitude. This agitation occurred in seconds, and may have induced fluid and gas pressure migration within the already active hydrothermal and magmatic systems.
    Description: In press
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: 4.2. TTC - Scenari e mappe di pericolosità sismica
    Description: 4.3. TTC - Scenari di pericolosità vulcanica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: earthquake trigger ; magma and gas eruptions ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
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  • 32
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    Fissure eruptions at Mount Vesuvius (Italy):insights on the shallow propagation of dikes at volcanoes (2007)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Fissure eruptions may provide important information on the shallow propagation of dikes at volcanoes. Somma-Vesuvius (Italy) consists of the active Vesuvius cone, bordered to the north by the remnants of the older Somma edifice. Historical chronicles are considered to define the development of the 37 fissure eruptions between A.D. 1631 and 1944. The 1631 fissure, which reopened the magmatic conduit, migrated upward and was the only one triggered by the subvertical propagation of a dike. The other 25 fissure eruptions migrated downward, when the conduit was open, through the lateral propagation of radial dikes. We suggest two scenarios for the development of the fissures. When the summit conduit is closed, the fissures are fed by vertically propagating dikes. When the summit conduit is open, the fissures are fed by laterally propagating dikes along the volcano slopes. Consistent behaviors are found at other composite volcanoes, suggesting a general application to our model, independent of the tectonic setting and composition of magma. At Vesuvius, the historical data set and our scenarios are used to predict the consequences of the emplacement of fissures after the opening of the conduit. The results suggest that, even though the probability of opening of vents within the inhabited south and west slopes is negligible, the possibility that these are reached by a lava flow remains significant.
    Description: Published
    Description: 673-676
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: fissures ; dike propagation ; conduit ; Vesuvius ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress
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  • 33
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    Electronic Resource
    The behaviour of real resonances under perturbation in a semi-strip (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We study the large time asymptotics of solutions u(x, t) of the wave equation with time-harmonic force density f(x)e-iωt, ω≥0, in the semi-strip Ω= (0, ∞)×(0, 1) for a given f∊C∞0(Ω). We assume that u satisfies the initial condition u=(∂/∂t)u=0 for t=0 and the boundary conditions u=0 for x2=0 and x2=1, and (∂/∂x1)u=αu for x1=0, with given α, -π≤α〈∞. Let Dα be the self-adjoint realization of -Δ in Ω with this boundary condition. For -π≤α〈0, Dα has eigenvalues λj=π2j2-α2, j=1, 2, … For j≥2 these eigenvalues are embedded in the continuous spectrum of Dα, σc(Dα)=[π2, ∞]. For α≥0, Dα has no eigenvalues. We consider the asymptotic behaviour of u(x, t), t→∞, as a function of α. In the case α=0 resonances of order √t at ω=πj, j=1, 2, …, were found in References 5 and 10. We prove that for α=-π there is a resonance of order t2 for ω=0 and resonances of order t for every ω〉0 (note that 0 is an eigenvalue of D-π). Moreover, for -π〈α〈0 there are resonances of order t at ω=√λj. The resonance frequencies are continuous functions of α for -π〈α〈0 and tend to πj, j=1, 2, … as α goes to zero.On the contrary in the case α〉0 there are no real resonances in the sense that the solution remains bounded in time as t→∞. Actually in this case, the limit amplitude principle is valid for all frequencies ω≥0. This rather striking behaviour of the resonances is explained in terms of the extension of the resolvent R(κ)=(Dα-κ2)-1 as a meromorphic function of κ into an appropriate Riemann surface. We find that as α crosses zero the real poles of R(κ) associated with the eigenvalues remain real, but go into a second sheet of the Riemann surface. This behaviour under perturbation is rather different from the case of complex resonances which has been extensively studied in the theory of many-body Schrödinger operators where the (real) eigenvalues embedded in the continuous spectrum turn under a small perturbation into complex poles of the meromorphic extension of the resolvent, as a function of the spectral parameter κ2. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Existence and uniqueness of steady motions of a third-grade fluid (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 117-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: third-grade fluid ; existence ; uniqueness ; classical solution ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The global existence and uniqueness of classical solution of steady motions of a third-grade fluid provided assumptions on positivness of μ (coefficient of viscosity) and α1, γ (material coefficients) is proved. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On Laplace and Stokes potentials (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 227-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Integral equations associated with the basic boundary value problems for the Laplace and Stokes equations are considered. The integral operators for these integral equations are interpreted as the pseudodifferential operators, and their principal symbols are calculated. The symbols are obtained in terms of the principal curvatures and the coefficients of the first quadratic form of the boundary. As a consequence, the initial approximation is suggested for the iterative methods solving the integral equations. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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  • 36
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    Small chirality behaviour of solutions to electromagnetic scattering problems in chiral media (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 327-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The boundary integral equation method is used to prove the convergence of the Drude-Born-Fedorov equations with variable coefficients, possibly non-smooth, to Maxwell's equations as chirality admittance tends to zero. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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  • 37
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    Electronic Resource
    Explicit stability conditions for integro-differential equations with periodic coefficients (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 565-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: New explicit stability conditions are derived for a linear integro-differential equation with periodic operator coefficients. The equation under consideration describes oscillations of thin-walled viscoelastic structural members driven by periodic loads. To develop stability conditions two approaches are combined. The first is based on the direct Lyapunov method of constructing stability functionals. It allows stability conditions to be derived for unbounded operator coefficients, but fails to correctly predict the critical loads for high-frequency excitations. The other approach is based on transforming the equation under consideration in such a way that an appropriate ‘differential’ part of the new equation would possess some reserve of stability. Stability conditions for the transformed equation are obtained by using a technique of integral estimates. This method provides acceptable estimates of the critical forces for periodic loads, but can be applied to equations with bounded coefficients only. Combining these two approaches, we derive explicit stability conditions which are close to the Floquet criterion when the integral term vanishes. These conditions are applied to the stability problem for a viscoelastic bar compressed by periodic forces. The effect of material and structural parameters on the critical load is studied numerically. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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  • 38
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    Optimal control computation for integro-differential aerodynamic equations (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 653-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In order to maintain spectrally accurate solutions, the grids on which a non-linear physical problem is to be solved must also be obtained by spectrally accurate techniques. The purpose of this paper is to describe a pseudospectral computational method of solving integro-differential systems with quadratic performance index. The proposed method is based on the idea of relating grid points to the structure of orthogonal interpolating polynomials. The optimal control and the trajectory are approximated by the m th degree interpolating polynomial. This interpolating polynomial is spectrally constructed using Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto grid points as the collocation points, and Lagrange polynomials as trial functions. The integrals involved in the formulation of the problem are calculated by Gauss-Lobatto integration rule, thereby reducing the problem to a mathematical programming one to which existing well-developed algorithms may be applied. The method is easy to implement and yields very accurate results. An illustrative example is included to confirm the convergence of the pseudospectral Legendre method, and a comparison is made with an existing result in the literature. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
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    Trapped-mode solutions for gravity-capillary water waves in channels of arbitrary cross-section (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 701-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This article establishes the existence of a trapped-mode solution to a linearized water-wave problem. The fluid occupies a symmetric horizontal channel that is uniform everywhere apart from a confined region which either contains a thin vertical plate spanning the depth of the channel or has indentations in the channel walls; the forces of gravity and surface tension are operative. A trapped mode corresponds to an eigenvalue of the composition of an inverse differential operator and a Neumann-Dirichlet operator for an elliptic boundary-value problem in the fluid domain. The existence of such an eigenvalue is established by extending previous results dealing with the case when surface tension is absent. © 1998 B.G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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  • 40
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    Initial-boundary-value problem for the Broadwell model of a gas mixture with bimolecular reaction (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 501-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper an initial-boundary-value problem in one-space dimension is studied for the Broadwell model extended to a gas mixture undergoing bimolecular reactions. Techniques of semigroup of bounded positive operators in a suitable Banach space are used to prove existence and uniqueness of the solution on bounded time intervals whose length depends on the initial data. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    A spectral-theoretic approach for the solution of Maxwell's equations in stratified media (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 685-700 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In the present work, the problem of electromagnetic wave propagation in three-dimensional stratified media is studied. The method of decoupling the electric and magnetic fields is implemented, and the spectral approach is adopted, componentwise, to the vector equation involving the electric field. Operational calculus of self-adjoint, positive operators in suitable Hilbert spaces is used to solve the corresponding initial value problems. The spectral families of these operators for the cases of the whole space and of a finite layer are constructed. A discussion on the applicability of the obtained results to physical problems is also included. © 1998 B.G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Existence theory to the equations in viscoelasticity at finite deformations (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 757-780 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we prove under the assumption of small initial data the global existence of a classical solution to the equations in viscoelasticity, associated with a free damping boundary condition. We also show that if we choose the initial data large enough, blow up will occur in finite time. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Regularizing properties and propagations of singularities for thermoelastic plates (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 797-821 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider the thermoelastic plate system,utt-γΔutt+Δ2u+αΔθ=0,θt-κΔθ-αΔut=0 and we make a comparison between the models in which γ=0 and γ〉0. We conclude that in the first case the plate system is of a parabolic type, while when γ〉0 the corresponding system has a hyperbolic behaviour. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Orbital stability of solitary waves of the long wave-short wave resonance equations (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 883-894 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: solitary wave ; stability ; long wave-short wave resonance equations ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This paper concerns the orbital stability for solitary waves of the Long Wave-Short Wave resonance equations. Since the abstract results of Grillakis et al. [7, 8] cannot be applied directly, we can extend the abstract stability theory and use the detailed spectral analysis to obtain the stability of the solitary waves. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    A particle transport problem with non-homogeneous reflection boundary conditions (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1049-1066 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider particle transport in a three-dimensional convex region V, bounded by the regular surface ∂V. We assume that particles are specularly reflected by ∂V and that a source q is assigned on ∂V; more general non-homogeneous boundary conditions are also discussed. The problem is non-linear because the boundary condition is not homogeneous. We prove existence of a unique strict solution and by using the theory of semigroups we derive the explicit expression of such a solution in terms of the boundary source q. In the appendix, we indicate how some properties of affine operators can be used to derive the solution. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Regularity and convergence results for a phase-field model with memory (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1085-1105 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A phase-field model based on the Coleman-Gurtin heat flux law is considered. The resulting system of non-linear parabolic equations, associated with a set of initial and Neumann boundary conditions, is studied. Existence, uniqueness, and regularity results are proved. An asymptotic analysis is also carried out, in the case where the coefficient of the interfacial energy term tends to 0. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    The Child-Langmuir asymptotics applied to a bipolar diode (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1115-1148 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Notes: We apply the Child-Langmuir asymptotics of the Vlasov-Poisson system to the case of a bipolar diode, i.e. a vacuum diode where two species of particles of opposite electric charge are flowing. This leads to a simplified model which, if at least one of the two injected currents is not too large, has a unique solution. Moreover, in that case, the currents flowing inside the diode are limited by the so-called bipolar Child-Langmuir currents. In the case of large currents, other solutions may appear, and the formation of virtual electrodes may occur inside the diode. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    On the existence of shock fronts for a Burgers equation with a singular source term (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1107-1113 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we consider the Cauchy problem for the equation∂u/∂t + u ∂u/∂x + u/x = 0 for x 〉 0, t ≥ 0, with u(x, 0) = u0-(x) for x 〈 x0, u(x, 0) = u0+(x) for x 〉 x0, u0-(x0) 〉 u0+(x0). Following the ideas of Majda, 1984 and Lax, 1973, we construct, for smooth u0- and u0+, a global shock front weak solution u(x, t) = u-(x, t) for x 〈 φ(t), u(x, t) = u+(x, t) for x 〉 φ(t), where u- and u+ are the strong solutions corresponding (respectively) to u0- and u0+ and the curve t → φ(t) is defined by dφ/dt (t) = 1/2[u-(φ(t), t) + u+(φ(t), t)], t ≥ 0 and φ(0) = x0.© 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Variational approach to a non-local identification problem related to non-linear ion transport (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1195-1206 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A variational approach to a non-linear non-local identification problem related to the non-linear transport equation is studied. Introducing a similarity transformation, the problem is formulated as an identification problem for a non-linear differential equation of second order with an additional non-local condition. For the solution of the forward problem stability in H1-norm with respect to the identification parameter is obtained. Using this result the existence of a solution to the identification problem is proved. Some results of computational experiments are given. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Prewavelet approximations for a system of boundary integral equations for plates with free edges on polygons (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1233-1267 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider the plate equation in a polygonal domain with free edges. Its resolution by boundary integral equations is considered with double layer potentials whose variational formulation was given in Reference 25. We approximate its solution (u, (∂u/∂n)) by the Galerkin method with approximated spaces made of piecewise polynomials of order 2 and 1 for, respectively, u and (∂u/∂n). A prewavelet basis of these subspaces is built and equivalences between some Sobolev norms and discrete ones are established in the spirit of References 14, 16, 30 and 31. Further, a compression procedure is presented which reduces the number of nonzero entries of the stiffness matrix from O(N2) to O(N log N), where N is the size of this matrix. We finally show that the compressed stiffness matrices have a condition number uniformly bounded with respect to N and that the compressed Galerkin scheme converges with the same rate than the Galerkin one. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    On the one and one-half dimensional relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell-Fokker-Planck system with non-vanishing viscosity (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1287-1296 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell-Fokker-Planck system is used in modelling distribution of charged particles in plasma. It consists of a transport equation coupled with the Maxwell system. The diffusion term in the equation models the collisions among particles, whereas the viscosity term signifies the dynamical frictional forces between the particles and the background reservoir. In the case of one space variable and two momentum variables, we prove the existence of a classical solution when the initial density decays fast enough with respect to the momentum variables. The solution which shares this same decay condition along with its first derivatives in the momentum variables is unique. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    The local Cauchy problem for multicomponent reactive flows in full vibrational non-equilibrium (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1415-1439 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider reactive mixtures of dilute polyatomic gases in full vibrational non-equilibrium. The governing equations are derived from the kinetic theory and possesses an entropy. We recast this system of conservation laws into a symmetric conservative form by using entropic variables. Following a formalism developed by the authors in a previous paper, the system is then rewritten into a normal form, that is, in the form of a quasilinear symmetric hyperbolic-parabolic system. Using a result of Vol'pert and Hudjaev, we prove local existence and uniqueness of a bounded smooth solution to the Cauchy problem. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Trimodal approximate solutions of the non-linear Boltzmann equation (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1479-1494 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Approximate solutions of the non-linear Boltzmann equation, which have the structure of the linear combination of three global Maxwellians with arbitrary hydrodynamical parameters, are considered. Some sufficient conditions which allow the error between the left- and the right-hand sides of the equation tend to zero, and which are calculated either in the mixed metric or in the pure integral metric, are obtained. The class of the distributions, which minimized this error for the arbitrary Knudsen number, is found. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Analysis of a non-hyperbolic system modelling two-phase fluid flows: the effects of surface tension (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1519-1542 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: non-hyperbolic systems ; two-phase flows ; dispersion terms ; symmetrization ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The paper considers a system of partial differential equations of convection dispersion type, modelling a stratified two-phase fluid flow. Local existence in time is proved for a sufficiently smooth initial data, given in the set of physically admissible states. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Small vibrations of an elastic conductor in a magnetic field (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1559-1569 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we study the motion of an elastic conducting wire in a magnetic field. The motion of the conductor induces a current in the wire (Faraday's law) which, in turn produces a force on the wire. We consider the linear equation obtained by linearizing the resulting equations of motion about an equilibrium solution. This is a hyperbolic partial differential equation with a non-local term. We prove existence and uniqueness of a weak solution of an initial-boundary value problem for this equation. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Error analysis of a weighted least-squares finite element method for 2-D incompressible flows in velocity-stress-pressure formulation (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1637-1654 
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    Keywords: generalized Stokes equations ; incompressible flow ; least-squares ; finite element method ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we are concerned with a weighted least-squares finite element method for approximating the solution of boundary value problems for 2-D viscous incompressible flows. We consider the generalized Stokes equations with velocity boundary conditions. Introducing the auxiliary variables (stresses) of the velocity gradients and combining the divergence free condition with some compatibility conditions, we can recast the original second-order problem as a Petrovski-type first-order elliptic system (called velocity-stress-pressure formulation) in six equations and six unknowns together with Riemann-Hilbert-type boundary conditions. A weighted least-squares finite element method is proposed for solving this extended first-order problem. The finite element approximations are defined to be the minimizers of a weighted least-squares functional over the finite element subspaces of the H1 product space. With many advantageous features, the analysis also shows that, under suitable assumptions, the method achieves optimal order of convergence both in the L2-norm and in the H1-norm. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Asymptotic profiles of variational eigenvalues of two-parameter non-linear Sturm-Liouville problems (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1619-1635 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider the two-parameter non-linear Sturm-Liouville problems. By using the variational method on general level sets, the variational eigenvalues are obtained. The purpose of this paper is to study the properties of these variational eigenvalues with respect to the parameter of general level sets. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Asymptotic analysis of Poisson's equation in a thin domain and its application to thin-walled elastic beams and tubes (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 187-226 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We study the limit behaviour of solution of Poisson's equation in a class of thin two-dimensional domains, both simply connected or single-hollowed, as its thickness becomes very small. The method is based on a transformation of the original problem into another posed on a fixed domain, obtention of a priori estimates and convergence results when thickness parameter tends to zero. As an important application of abstract results we obtain the limit expressions for functions appearing in elastic beam theories as torsion and warping functions. In this way, we provide a mathematical justification and a correct definition of torsion, warping and Timoshenko functions and constants that should be used in the open and closed thin-walled elastic beam theories. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Möbius inversion on a multiplicative semigroup and inverse lattice problems in physics (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 269-279 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The generalized Möbius function and Möbius inversion formula are applied to a multiplicative semigroup. A general mathematical method based on this Möbius inversion is presented to solve inversion problems of expansions with unequally weighted terms. By this method, all the inverse lattice problems in physics can be solved concisely. The solutions of four inverse lattice problems: the Fibonacci structure, the square lattice structure, the bcc and the hcp lattice structures are given. These are difficult to be solved by other methods. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    One and multidimensional sampling theorems associated with Dirichlet problems (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 361-374 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We use the eigenfunction expansion of Green's function of Dirichlet problems to obtain sampling theorems. The analytic properties of the sampled integral transforms as well as the uniform convergence of the sampling series are proved without any restrictions on the integral transforms. We obtain a one- and multi-dimensional versions of sampling theorems. In both cases the sampling series are written in terms of Lagrange-type interpolation expansions. Some examples and the truncation error as well as the stability of the obtained sampling expansions are discussed at the end of the paper. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    On exponential stability for von Kármán equations in the presence of thermal effects (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 393-416 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider a dynamical von Kármán system in the presence of thermal effects. Our model includes the possibility of a rotational inertia term in the system. We show that the total energy of the solution of such system decays exponentially as t→+∞. The decay rates we obtain are uniform on bounded sets of the energy space. The main ingredients of our method of proof are suitable properties of a decoupled system, the energy method and the compactness of the nonlinear map associated to the von Kármán system. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Examples of embedded eigenvalues for problems in acoustic waveguides (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 479-488 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This short article discusses the spectrum of the Neumann Laplacian in the infinite domain Ω⊂∝n, n ≥2 created by inserting a compact obstacle P into the uniform cylinder Ω0 =(-∞, ∞)×Ω′. The main result is the existence of at least one embedded eigenvalue when P is an (n -2)-dimensional surface whose unit normal is parallel to Ω′ at each point of P . The special case when P is symmetric about {0}×Ω′ is also treated. It is shown that there is at least one symmetric eigenvector and, when P is sufficiently long, at least one antisymmetric eigenvector. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Regularization and existence of solutions of three-dimensional elastoplastic problems (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 551-564 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We prove the existence of solutions to the three-dimensional elastoplastic problem with Hencky's law and Neumann boundary conditions by elliptic regularization and the penalty method, both for the case of a smooth boundary and of an interior two dimensional crack. It is shown, in particular, that the variational solution satisfies all boundary conditions. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    On the propagation of Hölder regularity for the 3D Euler equations (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 251-268 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The propagation of Hölder regularity of the solutions to the 3D Euler equations is discussed. Our method is a special semi-linearization of the vorticity equation combined with the classical Schauder interior estimates. © 1998 by B.G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Existence, uniqueness and analyticity properties for electromagnetic scattering in a two-layered medium (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 433-461 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This paper is concerned with the solution of Maxwell equations in the modelling of the scattering of a time-harmonic electromagnetic wave by an obstacle located in a two-layered medium. The use of the Silver-Müller radiation condition in each layer is shown to provide a well-posed scattering problem. The analysis is based on the study of the Green tensor, which allows to relate the radiation condition to an integral representation formula. The analyticity properties of the scattering problem with respect to the frequency are then investigated. This gives rise to a limiting absorption principle and furnishes a characterization of the resonances. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Moment expansion analysis for time-domain asymptotics (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 489-499 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
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    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We apply our recently developed distributional technique [2, 3] to study time-domain asymptotics. This enables us to present a rigorous mathematical discussion and extensions of the results given by Chapman [1] and subsequent workers in this field. The present analysis is facilitated by defining functions which are distributionally small at infinity. We find that one of the advantages of using this technique is that multidimensional extensions can be derived very easily. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    The finite element method with anisotropic mesh grading for elliptic problems in domains with corners and edges (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 519-549 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This paper is concerned with a specific finite element strategy for solving elliptic boundary value problems in domains with corners and edges. First, the anisotropic singular behaviour of the solution is described. Then the finite element method with anisotropic, graded meshes and piecewise linear shape functions is investigated for such problems; the schemes exhibit optimal convergence rates with decreasing mesh size. For the proof, new local interpolation error estimates for functions from anisotropically weighted spaces are derived. Finally, a numerical experiment is described, that shows a good agreement of the calculated approximation orders with the theoretically predicted ones. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Liapunov stability analysis of a rotor-bearing system with a flexible attachment of appendage to shaft (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 605-617 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This paper presents a general method of analysis for investigating the whirl stability of a rotor-bearing system whose appendage is flexibly attached to the spinning shaft. Sufficient conditions of asymptotic stability involving system different parameters are derived based on Liapunov's theory. An inclusive analysis of the effect of the combined flexibilities of the elastic attachment of the appendage to the shaft and the two end bearings coupled with the other various parameters of the system on the dynamic stability is presented. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Steady compressible Navier-Stokes equations with large potential forces via a method of decomposition (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 665-684 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We investigate the steady compressible Navier-Stokes equations near the equilibrium state v = 0, ρ = ρ0 (v the velocity, ρ the density) corresponding to a large potential force. We introduce a method of decomposition for such equations: the velocity field v is split into a non-homogeneous incompressible part u (div (ρ0u) = (0) and a compressible (irrotational) part ∇φ. In such a way, the original complicated mixed elliptic-hyperbolic system is split into several ‘standard’ equations: a Stokes-type system for u, a Poisson-type equation for φ and a transport equation for the perturbation of the density σ = ρ - ρ0. For ρ0 = const. (zero potential forces), the method coincides with the decomposition of Novotny and Padula [21]. To underline the advantages of the present approach, we give, as an example, a ‘simple’ proof of the existence of isothermal flows in bounded domains with no-slip boundary conditions. The approach is applicable, with some modifications, to more complicated geometries and to more complicated boundary conditions as we will show in forthcoming papers. © 1998 B.G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    On recovering obstacles inside inhomogeneities (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 619-651 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider acoustic scattering from an obstacle inside an inhomogeneous structure. We prove in the paper that if the outside inhomogeneity is known then the obstacle and possible inside inhomogeneity are uniquely determined by the fixed energy far field data. The proof is based on new mapping properties of layer potentials in spaces that specify one point. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    About singularities at angular points of a trailing edge under the Joukowskii-Kutta Condition (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 939-967 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The linear problem for the velocity potential around a slightly curved thin finite wing is considered under the Joukowskii-Kutta hypothesis. The exponents of possible singularities of solutions at angular points on wing's trailing edge are expressed in terms of eigenvalues of mixed boundary value problems for the Beltrami-Laplace operator on the hemisphere and the semicircle. These singularities have a structure such that the circulation function turns out to be continuous in interior angular points of the trailing edge. In the case of trapezoidal shape of the wing ends there occur square-root singularities of the velocity field at the trailing edge endpoints and the same singularities, of course, are extended along the lateral sides of the wake behind the wing. It is proved that for any angular point on the trailing edge the exponents of all above-mentioned singularities form a countable set in the upper complex half-plane with the only accumulation point at infinity. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Long-time behaviour for solutions of the Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck equation (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 985-1014 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck ; long-time behaviour ; fundamental solutions ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We study the long-time behaviour of solutions of the Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck equation for initial data small enough and satisfying some suitable integrability conditions. Our analysis relies on the study of the linearized problems with bounded potentials decaying fast enough for large times. We obtain global bounds in time for the fundamental solutions of such problems and their derivatives. This allows to get sharp bounds for the decay of the difference between the solutions of the Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck equation and the solution of the free equation with the same initial data. Thanks to these bounds, we get an explicit form for the second term in the asymptotic expansion of the solutions for large times. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Existence and uniqueness results for the non-autonomous coagulation and multiple-fragmentation equation (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1067-1084 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: An initial-value problem modelling coagulation and fragmentation processes is studied. The results of earlier papers are extended to models where either one or both of the rates of coagulation and fragmentation depend on time. An abstract integral equation, involving the solution operator to the linear fragmentation part, is investigated via the contraction mapping principle. A unique global, non-negative, mass-conserving solution to this abstract equation is shown to exist. The latter solution is used to generate a global, non-negative, mass-conserving solution to the original non-autonomous coagulation and multiple-fragmentation equation. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Global existence and energy decay for a damped quasi-linear wave equation (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1185-1194 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we prove the global existence and study decay property of the solutions to the initial boundary value problem for the quasi-linear wave equation with a dissipative term without the smallness of the initial data. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Modulation equations and parabolic limits of reaction random-walk systems (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1207-1226 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Reaction random-walk systems are hyperbolic models to describe spatial motion (in one dimension) with finite speed and reactions of particles. Here we present two approaches which relate reaction random-walk equations with reaction diffusion equations. First, we consider the case of high particle speeds (parabolic limit). This leads to a singular perturbation analysis of a semilinear damped wave equation. A initial layer estimate is given. Secondly, we consider the case of a transcritical bifurcation. We use techniques similar to that of the Ginzburg-Landau method to find a modulation equation for the amplitude of the first unstable mode. It turns out that the modulation equation is Fisher's equation, hence near the bifurcation point travelling wave solutions are obtained. The approximation result and the corresponding estimate is given in terms of the bifurcation parameter. Both results are based on an a priori estimate for classical solutions which follows from explicit representations of the solution of the linear telegraph equation. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Problem of regulation of the cardiovascular system as a bilinear control problem (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1365-1377 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In the article the problem of regulation of the cardiovascular system is investigated from the point of view of control process theory. This problem was reduced to finding the optimal control in the sense of speed in a bilinear system. In the first part of the article the possibility of applying Saburov's method for the solution to bilinear control problems is considered. The second part of the article is devoted to the application of this method to a concrete problem from practical medicine. The method has allowed the complete synthesis of an optimal control to be carried out  -  the sliding mode takes place and it was investigated completely. The results obtained are interesting from the point of view of control process theory, and testify to the high efficiency of the method. The final results allow concrete recommendations about the regulation of the cardiovascular system. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    A steady-state system in non-equilibrium thermodynamics including thermal and electrical effects (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1399-1413 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The steady-state equations for a charged gas or fluid consisting of several components, exposed to an electric field, are considered. These equations form a system of strongly coupled, quasilinear elliptic equations which in some situations can be derived from the Boltzmann equation. The model uses the duality between the thermodynamic fluxes and the thermodynamic forces. Physically motivated mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions are prescribed. The existence of generalized solutions is proven. The key of the proof is a transformation of the problem by using the entropic variables, or electro-chemical potentials, which symmetrize the equations. The uniqueness of weak solutions is shown under the assumption that the boundary data are not far from the thermal equilibrium. A general uniqueness result cannot be expected for physical reasons. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Shape sensitivity analysis of stress intensity factors by Generalized J-integrals (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1343-1363 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider an elastic plate with the non-deformed shape ΩΣ := Ω \ Σ, where Ω is a domain bounded by a smooth closed curve Γ and Σ ⊂ Ω is a curve with the end points {γ1, γ2}. If the force g is given on the part ΓN of Γ, the displacement u is fixed on ΓD := Γ \ ΓN and the body force f is given in Ω, then the displacement vector u(x) = (u1(x), u2(x)) has unbounded derivatives (stress singularities) near γk, k = 1, 2   u(x) = ∑2k, l=1 Kl(γk)r1/2kSCkl(θk) + uR(x)     near γk.Here (rk, θk) denote local curvilinear polar co-ordinates near γk, k = 1, 2, SCkl (θk) are smooth functions defined on [-π, π] and uR(x) ∊ {H2(near γk)}2. The constants Kl(γk),   l = 1, 2, which are called the stress intensity factors at γk (abbr. SIFs), are important parameters in fracture mechanics. We notice that the stress intensity factors Kl(γk) (l = 1, 2;  k = 1, 2) are functionals Kl(γk) = Kl(γk; L, Ω, Σ) depending on the load L, the shape of the plate Ω and the shape of the crack Σ. We say that the crack Σ is safe, if Kl(γk; Ω)2 + K2(γk; Ω)2 〈 RẼ. By a small change of Ω the shape Σ can change to a dangerous one, i.e. we have K1(γk; Ω)2 + K2(γk; Ω)2 ≥ RẼ. Therefore it is important to know how Kl(γk) depends on the shape of Ω.For this reason, we calculate the Gâteaux derivative of Kl(γk) under a class of domain perturbations which includes the approximation of domains by polygonal domains and the Hadamard's parametrization Γ(τ) := {x + τφ(x)n(x);  x ∊ Γ}, where φ is a function on Γ and n is the outward unit normal on Γ. The calculations are quite delicate because of the occurrence of additional stress singularities at the collision points {γ3, γ4} = ΓD ∩ ΓN.The result is derived by the combination of the weight function method and the Generalized J-integral technique (abbr. GJ-integral technique). The GJ-integrals have been proposed by the first author in order to express the variation of energy (energy release rate) by extension of a crack in a 3D-elastic body. This paper begins with the weak solution of the crack problem, the weight function representation of SIF's, GJ-integral technique and finish with the shape sensitivity analysis of SIF's. GJ-integral Jω(u; X) is the sum of the P-integral (line integral) Pω(u, X) and the R-integral (area integral) Rω(u, X). With the help of the GJ-integral technique we derive an R-integral expression for the shape derivative of the potential energy which is valid for all displacement fields u ∊ H1. Using the property that the GJ-integral vanishes for all regular fields u ∊ H2 we convert the R-integral expression for the shape derivative to a P-integral expression. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    The Boltzmann-Grad limit for a particle system in a slab with stochastic walls (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1543-1558 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: It is shown that a stochastic system of N interacting particles in a slab approximates, in the Boltzmann-Grad limit, a one-dimensional Boltzmann equation with diffusive boundary conditions. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Bounds and decay results for some second-order semilinear elliptic problems (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1571-1591 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The asymptotic behaviour of solutions of certain semilinear elliptic Dirichlet boundary value problems defined on a semi-infinite cylinder is investigated by means of energy arguments and maximum principles. Various hypotheses are made on the form of the semilinear term, and in some cases it is found that the rate of decay of solutions is faster than the optimal decay rate for harmonic functions. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Hazard and safety regions for paths with constrained curvature (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1655-1679 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper the problem of collision analysis for a mobile robot operating in a planar environment with moving objects (obstacles) is addressed. The pattern of motion of the potential obstacles cannot be predicted; only a bound on their maximum velocity is available. Based on this information, at its current position the robot constructs the Hazard Region that corresponds to the path it contemplates. If the Hazard Region contains at least one obstacle, then there is a potential for this obstacle to collide with the robot (in which case perhaps another path should be planned). We first derive the solution for Hazard Region for two standard path primitives, a straight line segment and a circular arc segment; the solution is exact, except for one special case (for which the approximation error is estimated). This result is then applied to a more complex case when the path presents a combination of those primitives. Such are, for example, the optimal (shortest) paths with constrained curvature (known as Dubins paths [3]), which connect two points, each with a prescribed direction of motion. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    A perturbative method for the spectral analysis of an acoustic multistratified strip (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1681-1704 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: stratified medium ; acoustic waves ; self-adjoint operators ; spectrum ; limiting absorption principle ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider the acoustic propagator A=-∇·c2∇ in the strip Ω={(x, z)∊∝2∣0〈z〈H} with finite width H〉0. The celerity c depends for large ∣x∣ only on the variable z and describes the stratification of Ω: it is assumed to be in L∞(Ω), bounded from below by cmin〉0, such that there exists M〉0 with c(x, z)=c1(z) if x〈 -M and c(x, z)=c2(z) if x〉M. We look at the propagator A as a ‘perturbation’ of the free propagators Aj in Ω associated to the velocities cj, j=1, 2, and implement a ‘perturbative’ method, adapting ideas of Majda and Vainberg. The spectrum of A is defined in section 2, a limiting absorption principle is proved in section 3 outside of a countable set Γ(A). The points of Γ(A) can only accumulate at the left of the thresholds of the free propagators. The needed material about Aj, j=1, 2, and some technical estimates for A are given in Appendix. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    On the controllability of a robot arm (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 25-42 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Considered is the rotation of a robot arm or rod in a horizontal plane about an axis through the arm's fixed end and driven by a motor whose torque is controlled. The model was derived and investigated computationally by Sakawa and co-authors in [7] for the case that the arm is described as a homogeneous Euler beam. The resulting equation of motion is a partial differential equation of the type of a wave equation which is linear with respect to the state, if the control is fixed, and non-linear with respect to the control.Considered is the problem of steering the beam, within a given time interval, from the position of rest for the angle zero into the position of rest under a certain given angle.At first we show that, for every L2-control, there is exactly one (weak) solution of the initial boundary value problem which describes the vibrating system without the end condition.Then we show that the problem of controllability is equivalent to a non-linear moment problem. This, however, is not exactly solvable. Therefore, an iteration method is developed which leads to an approximate solution of sufficient accuracy in two steps. This method is numerically implemented and demonstrated by an example. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Models of superconducting-normal-superconducting junctions (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 59-91 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: A time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau-type model of a superconducting-normal-superconducting junction is presented. The existence and the uniqueness of the solutions are proved. When the data of the model are symmetric of some kinds, the solutions turns out to be symmetric of some kinds. In this symmetric case, an approximate model with the small thickness of the normal material in the middle of the junction as coefficients of a differential system is established for the sake of numerical computations. And also the existence and the uniqueness of the solution to this approximate model are set up. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    A system of boundary integral equations for polygonal plates with free edges (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 165-185 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: boundary integral equations ; boundary finite element ; free edge polygonal plate ; hypersingular kernels ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We consider the problem of a polygonal plate with free edges. It is a boundary value problem for the biharmonic operator on a polygon with Neumann boundary conditions. Its resolution is studied via boundary integral equations. A variational formulation of the boundary problem obtained by a double-layer potential is given. Finally, we implement the method and give numerical results. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Wavelet approximations on closed surfaces and their application to boundary-value problems of potential theory (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 129-163 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: wavelets on closed surfaces ; Dirichlet's and Neumann's problem ; scaling function ; scale discrete wavelets ; integral formulas ; exact fully discrete wavelet transform ; band-limited harmonic wavelets ; Runge-Walsh approximation ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Wavelets on closed surfaces in Euclidean space ∝3 are introduced starting from a scale discrete wavelet transform for potentials harmonic down to a spherical boundary. Essential tools for approximation are integration formulas relating an integral over the sphere to suitable linear combinations of function values (resp. normal derivatives) on the closed surface under consideration. A scale discrete version of multiresolution is described for potential functions harmonic outside the closed surface and regular at infinity. Furthermore, an exact fully discrete wavelet approximation is developed in case of band-limited wavelets. Finally, the role of wavelets is discussed in three problems, namely (i) the representation of a function on a closed surface from discretely given data, (ii) the (discrete) solution of the exterior Dirichlet problem, and (iii) the (discrete) solution of the exterior Neumann problem. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    A reaction-diffusion problem with a reaction front (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 417-432 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We state a 1D model with quasi-stationary gas flows approximation for a carbon reactivity test in the production of silicon. The mathematical problem we formulate is a non-linear boundary value problem for a third-order ordinary differential equation with non-linear boundary conditions, which are non-local in time. We prove existence and uniqueness of a classical solution and provide a numerical example. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Mathematical justification of a one-dimensional model for general elastic shallow arches (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 281-325 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: We present a bending model for a shallow arch, namely the type of curved rod where the curvature is of the order of the diameter of the cross section. The model is deduced in a rigorous mathematical way from classical tridimensional linear elasticity theory via asymptotic techniques, by taking the limit on a suitable re-scaled formulation of that problem as the diameter of the cross section tends to zero. This model is valid for general cases of applied forces and material, and it allows us to calculate displacements, axial stresses, bending moments and shear forces. The equations present a more general form than in the classical Bernoulli-Navier bending theory for straight slender rods, so that flexures and extensions are proved to be coupled in the most general case. © 1998 by B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Integro-differential equation modelling heat transfer in conducting, radiating and semitransparent materials (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 375-392 
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    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this work we analyse a model for radiative heat transfer in materials that are conductive, grey and semitransparent. Such materials are for example glass, silicon, water and several gases. The most important feature of the model is the non-local interaction due to exchange of radiation. This, together with non-linearity arising from the well-known Stefan-Boltzmann law, makes the resulting heat equation non-monotone. By analysing the terms related to heat radiation we prove that the operator defining the problem is pseudomonotone. Hence, we can prove the existence of weak solution in the cases where coercivity can be obtained. In the general case, we prove the solvability of the system using the technique of sub and supersolutions. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Control of the thermoelastic model of a plate activated by shape memory alloy reinforcements (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 589-603 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In the paper we study the problem of control by means of a heat source g for a thermoelastic system of equationsutt - ρ∇·p(θ, ∇u) - νΔut + DΔ2 u = f, cv(θ, ∇u)θt - κΔθ - ρθ[pθ (θ, ∇u)·∇ut] - ν∣∇ut∣2 = g, in a two-dimensional domain, where both viscosity ν and rigidity D are positive. Such a system has been considered in our former papers, and existence of solutions as well as uniqueness have been obtained. Here we prove the continuity and differentiability of solutions under somewhat stronger assumptions. An example of a control problem and necessary optimality conditions are presented. The system has an interpretation as a plate reinforced with shape memory alloy (SMA) wire mesh. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Bäcklund transformations: exact solutions for the KdV and the Calogero-Degasperis-Fokas mKdV equations (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 719-731 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The exact solutions for the KdV and the Calogero-Degasperis-Fokas mKdV equations can be obtained by the AKNS class. The technique developed relies on the construction of the wave functions which are solutions of the associated AKNS system; that is, a linear eigenvalue problem in the form of a system of first order partial differential equations. The method of characteristics is used and Bäcklund transformations (BTs) are employed to generate two new solutions from the old. © 1998 B.G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    On the existence of a global classical solution of the boundary value problem for □u-μu+aum=0 in the interior domain (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 781-795 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we consider the boundary value problem for a semilinear equation□u(t, x)-μu(t, x)+aum(t, x)=0, μ〉0, a∊ℜ in the interior domain. We find a time global classical solution with exponential decay property by using singular hyperbolic equation. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    On the inverse emergent plane crack problem (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 895-906 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: geometrical inverse problems ; crack detection ; identifiability ; stability ; Lipschitz stability ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: This paper deals with the detection of emergent plane cracks, by using boundary measurements. An identifiability result (uniqueness of the solution) is first proved. Then, we look at the stability of this solution with respect to the measurement. A weak stability result is proved, as well as a Lipshitz stability result for straight cracks, by using domain-derivative techniques. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Existence and non-existence of global solutions to a generalized modification of the improved Boussinesq equation (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1467-1477 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper, the existence, both locally and globally in time, the uniqueness of solutions and the non-existence of global solutions to the initial boundary value problem of a generalized Modification of the Improved Boussinesq equation utt-uxx-uxxtt=σ(u)xx are studied and a few examples are discussed. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Reaction diffusion equations with non-linear boundary conditions, blowup and steady states (1998)
    Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Blackwell
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 21 (1998), S. 1593-1617 
    Details
    ISSN: 0170-4214
    Keywords: Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: In this paper we study the following problem:ut-Δu=-f(u) in Ω×(0, T)≡QT,∂u ∂n=g(u) on ∂Ω×(0, T)≡ST,u(x, 0)=u0(x) in Ω, where Ω⊂∝N is a smooth bounded domain, f and g are smooth functions which are positive when the argument is positive, and u0(x)〉0 satisfies some smooth and compatibility conditions to guarantee the classical solution u(x, t) exists. We first obtain some existence and non-existence results for the corresponding elliptic problems. Then, we establish certain conditions for a finite time blow-up and global boundedness of the solutions of the time-dependent problem. Further, we analyse systems with same kind of boundary conditions and find some blow-up results. In the last section, we study the corresponding elliptic problems in one-dimensional domain. Our main method is the comparison principle and the construction of special forms of upper-lower solutions using related equations. © 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Simulation of surface tension effect during filling of a thin section cavity via an interface element (1998)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 14 (1998), S. 229-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: filling of thin section ; finite element method ; surface tension ; interface element ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An interface element to model the pressure discontinuity due to surface tension when applied to the filling of a thin section cavity is presented. The equations used to form the element matrix for the interface element are the line integral form of the continuity and momentum equations. During the development of the finite element model, the pressure difference across the free surface due to surface tension is treated as an additional traction and is applied to all element sides which form the free surface. Simple numerical examples are then presented to illustrate the technique on the filling of a rectangular thin section cavity. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    An optimization approach for stream function solution of potential flows around immersed bodies (1998)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 14 (1998), S. 253-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: potential flow ; optimization approach ; sensitivity analysis ; adjoint variable method ; finite elements ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Potential flow problems around immersed bodies have been treated by an optimization approach. When the stream function is used as the field variable, the boundary values may not be known a priori and may be taken as the decision parameters to minimize integral objective functionals. The circulation integrals around the immersed bodies or the Kutta condition at the trailing edges of the bodies may be used to construct the objective function of optimization. The sensitivity analysis needed for the minimization process is performed by the adjoint variable method, while the numerical solutions of the primary (flow) and adjoint equations have been obtained by the finite element method. Having checked the present method with exact solutions and the classical superposition method, several flow problems involving one or more immersed bodies with or without circulation are investigated numerically. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Improvement of stress intensity factors computed from path-independent integrals by Richardson's extrapolation (1998)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 14 (1998), S. 289-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: stress intensity factors (SIF) ; finite element method (FEM) ; reciprocal work contour integral (RWCI) ; path-independent integrals (PII) ; displacement correlation technique (DCT) ; quarter-point displacement technique (QPDT) ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new method for improving the approximations of stress intensity factors computed from path-independent integrals is developed. The method uses Richardson's extrapolation. Numerical results are given to show the efficiency and the stability of the present method. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    A rank-1 matrix formula applied to eigenvalue sensitivities (1998)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 14 (1998), S. 321-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: eigenvalue analysis ; sensitivity evaluation ; large-scale systems ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a general rank-1 matrix formula which allows for proper rearrangement of individual terms in multiproduct forms involving vectors and matrices. A far-reaching application of the new matrix formula to eigenvalue sensitivity evaluation is presented in the paper. Such an application reduces the sensitivity expressions to elegant, very fast and recursive forms with substantial savings in computer resources. The formula is applicable to rank-1 matrices of special structures which may constitute derivatives of the system state matrix, which is widely used in control system applications, with respect to various parameters of interest. In such cases, the use of the rank-1 formula yields exact non-approximate solutions which are identical to those obtained by other conventional formulas. The applicability of the rank-1 formula is believed to cover a wide variety of practical engineering systems pertaining to control and stability. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    A finite element formulation for phase-change problems with advective effects (1998)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 14 (1998), S. 719-730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: phase-change problems ; conduction-advection equation ; upwind weight function ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element formulation for solving transient multidimensional phase-change problems considering advective effects is presented. This temperature-based formulation includes the definition of a phase-change function able to deal with classical isothermal and non-isothermal phase-change cases. Moreover, a new upwind weight function is defined in order to avoid numerical oscillations in problems with dominant advective effects. Further, some important aspects related to its numerical implementation are also addressed. The ability of this methodology is illustrated, firstly, in the solution of a one-dimensional test example. Finally, the numerical simulation of a direct-chill continuous casting process is performed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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