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  • 2015-2019  (48,464)
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  • 1
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    The KTH geoid based on Least Squares modification of Stokes integral with additive corrections for the Colorado Experiment: ColLSMSA-KTH2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-04
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColLSMSA-KTH2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the University of Gävle, the Lantmäteriet and the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Sweden. The model has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The quasi-geoid is computed using a two-step procedure. First, the terrestrial and de-biased airborne gravity anomalies are gridded using a Remove-Compute-Restore technique and three-dimensional Least Squares Collocation (LSC) with spherical Tscherning and Rapp (1974) type of covariance functions. This step achieves downward continuation of the airborne gravity data and combination with the terrestrial observations. In the second step, the resulting surface gravity anomaly grid is used to compute height anomalies by using Least Squares Modification of Stokes’ formula with Additive corrections (LSMSA or KTH method). The GEOID17RefB global gravity model up to degree 2190 is used in the first gridding step, while the satellite-only GOCO05S model up to degree 240 is used in the second step. Finally, the classical formula by Heiskanen and Moritz (1967) is used for quasi-geoid to geoid conversion. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.7 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Least Squares modification of Stokes integral with additive corrections ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 2
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    The KTH quasi-geoid based on Least Squares modification of Stokes integral with additive corrections for the Colorado Experiment: ColLSMSA-KTH2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-04
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColLSMSA-KTH2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the University of Gävle, the Lantmäteriet and the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Sweden. The model has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The quasi-geoid is computed using a two-step procedure. First, the terrestrial and de-biased airborne gravity anomalies are gridded using a Remove-Compute-Restore technique and three-dimensional Least Squares Collocation (LSC) with spherical Tscherning and Rapp (1974) type of covariance functions. This step achieves downward continuation of the airborne gravity data and combination with the terrestrial observations. In the second step, the resulting surface gravity anomaly grid is used to compute height anomalies by using Least Squares Modification of Stokes’ formula with Additive corrections (LSMSA or KTH method). The GEOID17RefB global gravity model up to degree 2190 is used in the first gridding step, while the satellite-only GOCO05S model up to degree 240 is used in the second step. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.8 cm. The quasi-geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Least Squares modification of Stokes integral with additive corrections ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 3
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    Datensatz zu: Open Access an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse einer Erhebung im Jahr 2018 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: These data are supplementary material to Pampel (2019) and present the results of a quantitative survey on Open Access among scientific institutions in Germany. Both the report and the data are available in German only. 701 German universities and research institutions were invited to take part in this survey. From September to November 2018, 403 academic institutions took part. Hence, it is the most comprehensive survey on Open Access practices to this day.The results provide an overview of the current state of policies on Open Access and of the status of Open Access infrastructures in Germany. In addition, the results enable a better understanding of today’s handling and monitoring of Open Access publication costs. Furthermore, the study describes the status of Open Access monitoring and reports on current transformation strategies to promote Open Access. The project was founded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the Project „Options4OA” and conducted by Heinz Pampel of the Helmholtz Open Science Coordination Office.The project was founded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the Project „Options4OA” and conducted by Heinz Pampel of the Helmholtz Open Science Coordination Office.Version history/ Corrigendum(5 Sep 2019) In version 1.0, incorrect percentages were given for questions for which multiple answers were possible. This error was corrected in version 2.0. The following questions were affected: 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 24, 26, 29, 31, 34 and 38.
    Keywords: Scholarly Communication ; Open Access ; Repositories ; Academic Libraries ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 EDUCATION/OUTREACH ; policy 〉 scientific policy
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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    DATA GFZ
  • 4
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    The experimental gravity field model XGM2019e (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: XGM2019e is a combined global gravity field model represented through spheroidal harmonics up to d/o 5399, corresponding to a spatial resolution of 2’ (~4 km). As data sources it includes the satellite model GOCO06s in the longer wavelength area combined with terrestrial measurements for the shorter wavelengths. The terrestrial data itself consists over land and ocean of gravity anomalies provided by courtesy of NGA (identical to XGM2016, having a resolution of 15’) augmented with topographically derived gravity over land (EARTH2014). Over the oceans, gravity anomalies derived from satellite altimetry are used (DTU13, in consistency with the NGA dataset).The combination of the satellite data with the terrestrial observations is performed by using full normal equations up to d/o 719 (15’). Beyond d/o 719, a block-diagonal least-squares solution is calculated for the high-resolution terrestrial data (from topography and altimetry). All calculations are performed in the spheroidal harmonic domain.In the spectral band up to d/o 719 the new model shows over land a slightly improved behavior over preceding models such as XGM2016, EIGEN6c4 or EGM2008 when comparing it to independent GPS leveling data. Over land and in the spectral range above d/o 719 the accuracy of XGM2019e suffers from the sole use of topographic forward modelling; Hence, errors are increased in well-surveyed areas compared to models containing real gravity data, e.g. EIGEN6c4 or EGM2008. However, the performance of XGM2019e can be considered as globally more homogeneous and independent from existing high resolution global models. Over the oceans the model exhibits an improved performance throughout the complete spectrum (equal or better than preceding models).
    Keywords: geodesy ; global gravity field model ; ICGEM ; GOCO ; GOCE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 6 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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    DATA GFZ
  • 5
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    The polar extended gravity field model TIM_R6e (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: TIM_R6e is an extended version of the satellity-only global gravity field model TIM_R6 (Brockmann et al., 2019) which includes additional terrestrial gravity field observations over GOCE's polar gap areas. The included terrestrial information consists of the PolarGap campaign data (Forsberg et al., 2017) augumented by the AntGG gravity data compilation (Scheinert et al., 2016) over the southern polar gap (〉83°S) and the ArcGP data (Forsberg et al. 2007) over the northern polar gap (〉83°N). The combination is performed on normal equation level, encompassing the terrestrial data as spectrally limited geographic 0.5°x0.5° grids over the polar gaps.
    Description: TechnicalInfo
    Description: Processing procedures: (extending TIM_R6)Gravity from orbits (SST): (identical to TIM_R6)- short-arc integral method applied to kinematic orbits, up to degree/order 150- orbit variance information included as part of the stochastic model, it is refined by empirical covariance functionsGravity from gradients (SGG): (identical to TIM_R6)- parameterization up to degree/order 300- observations used: Vxx, Vyy, Vzz and Vxz in the Gradiometer Reference Frame (GRF)- realistic stochastic modelling by applying digital decorrelation filters to the observation equations; estimated separately for individual data segments applying a robust procedureGravity from terrestrial observations (TER):- collocation of the original terrestrial data sources onto 30'x30' geographic gravity disturbance grids (in the polar gap areas above 83° southern/northern latitude, thus forming a pair of polar caps)- spectral limitation of the data to D/O 300 within the collocation process- the chosen grid is fully compatible with the grid of the zero observation constraints of the original TIM_R6 model. In its function it replaces the original constraints- from the collocated polar caps, a partial normal equation system, up to D/O 300 is derivedCombined solution:- addition of normal equations (SST D/O 150, SGG D/O 300, TER D/O 300)- Constraints: * Kaula-regularization applied to coefficients of degrees/orders 201 - 300 (constrained towards zero, fully compatible with TIM_R6)- weighting of SST and SGG is identical to TIM_R6. All TER observations are weighted with 5 mGal.Specific features of resulting gravity field:- Gravity field solution is (mostly) independent of any other gravity field information (outside the polar gap region)- Constraint towards zero starting from degree/order 201 to improve signal-to-noise ratio- Related variance-covariance information represents very well the true errors of the coefficients (outside the polar gap region)- Solution can be used for independent comparison and combination on normal equation level with other satellite-only models (e.g. GRACE), terrestrial gravity data, and altimetry (outside the polar gap region)- Since in the low degrees the solution is based solely on GOCE orbits, it is not competitive with a GRACE model in this spectral region (outside the polar gap region)- In comparison to TIM_R6, TIM_R6e should deliver more accurate results, especially towards the polar gaps. However, as it uses additional data sources it cannot be seen as totally independent anymore: even outside the polar gap regions correlations (introduced by the holistic nature of spherical harmonics) may be found.
    Keywords: global gravitational model ; ICGEM ; GOCE ; PolarGap ; geodesy ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
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  • 6
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    The satellite-only gravity field model GOCO06s (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: GOCO06s is a satellite-only, global gravity field model up to degree and order 300, with secular and annual variations up to degree and order 120. It was produced by the GOCO Team (Technical University of Munich, University of Bonn, Graz University of Technology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, University of Bern) and is based on 1,160,000,000 observations from 19 satellites. The contributing satellite mission are: GOCE (TIM6 gradiometer observations), GRACE (ITSG-Grace2018s), kinematic orbits from Swarm A+B+C, TerraSAR-X, TanDEM-X, CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE, and SLR observations to LAGEOS, LAGEOS 2, Starlette, Stella, AJISAI, LARES, LARETS, Etalon 1/2 and BLITS. The combination of the individual data sources is performed on the basis of the full systems of normal equations, where the relative weighting between each constituent is determined by variance component estimation. In order to account for the polar gap of GOCE, the solution is Kaula-regularized after degree and order 150.The model is available via the ICGEM Service (Ince et al., 2019)
    Description: TechnicalInfo
    Description: PARAMETERS:modelname GOCO06sproduct_type gravity_fieldearth_gravity_constant 3.9860044150e+14radius 6.3781363000e+06max_degree 300norm fully_normalizedtide_system zero_tideerrors formal
    Keywords: ICGEM ; global gravitational model ; GOCO ; GOCE ; GRACE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 4 Files
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  • 7
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    BNSClim hydrographic part (Version 1.1) (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-18
    Description: This is version v1.1 of the hydrographic part of the "Baltic and North Sea Climatology (BNSC)". It turned out that the original hydrographic data product of the BNSC (BNSClim hydrographic part (Version 1.0)) was erroneous. The errors occurred by accidentally reading obsolete files in two of the intermediate steps of the production procedure. By this, the basis of observations was altered. This happened after the quality control and interpolation of the observations on standard depths, in the step where the observations are sorted into the chosen grid (this affects temperature and salinity) and in the following step, the correction of the temporal sampling error (this affects only salinity). These errors were corrected in this Version 1.1. The parameters provided are water temperature and salinity on 105 depth levels. The data product comprises the time period from 1873-2015 and is based on more than one million observational profiles, which were obtained from several different data sources in the region of the Baltic, the North Sea and adjacent areas of the North Atlantic Ocean (15°W-30°E, 47°N-66°N). Intersection of observational data from different data sources is avoided and the in situ data were objected to an elaborate automatic quality control to identify erroneous observations that would bias the data product. Additionally, a correction of the temporal sampling error was applied to minimize the impact of the temporal distribution of the observations on the created temporal mean fields. The data product consists of gridded mean fields of water temperature and salinity. The spatial resolution is 0.25° in meridional and zonal direction. The depth levels are irregularly distributed: for the depth interval from 0 to 50m the distance between the single depth levels is 5m. Below 50m, the distance increases progressively by 1m to the last depth level of 4985m. The dimensions of the data product are 180*76*105 (longitude, latitude, depth). The BNSC climatology consists, on the one hand, of time series of monthly and annual mean values of the hydrographic parameters as fields of box averages. Grid boxes that show no observations are left empty. Based on these time series, decadal monthly mean fields are created for the decades 1956-1965, 1966-1975, 1976-1985, 1986-1995, 1996-2005, 2006-2015 as another part of the data product. Again, gaps remain in observational data-void regions. The third part of the data product results from above mentioned decadal mean fields: horizontally interpolated fields by application of the method of objective analysis. Consequently, this subset does not contain gaps. Available parameters: box averages: monthly and annual mean, resp. standard deviation, number of observations decadal box averages: decadal monthly mean, resp. standard deviation, mean year, standard deviation to mean year, number of years decadal interpolated mean: interpolated monthly mean, absolute median deviation, number of bins, first guess, relative interpolation error, mean year, mean distance The products and a description of the differences between v1.0 and v1.1 are publicly available at the ICDC portal ( https://icdc.cen.uni-hamburg.de/1/daten/ocean/bnsc/)
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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    DATA DKRZ
  • 8
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    Mineral spectra and chemistry of 37 copper bearing surface samples from Apliki copper-gold-pyrite mine in the Republic of Cyprus (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The data set contains mineral chemical analyses of 37 different surface materials from the copper-gold-pyrite mine Apliki in the Republic of Cyprus and their corresponding hyperspectral spectra. The field samples were sampled in March 2018 in cooperation of the Cyprus Geological Survey Department of the Republic of Cyprus (GSD) and the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ). The hyperspectral data was acquired with the HySpex system in a range of 400 – 2500nm and is presented in a spectral library. Detailed information about the mineral specimen, sample area and geochemistry is presented in the data sheets. The spectral library presented here is part of a bigger collection of spectral libraries including samples from rare-earth minerals, rare-earth-oxides (Koerting et al., 2019a, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.004) and copper-bearing minerals (Koellner et al., 2019, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.003).
    Keywords: copper mining ; mine surface weathering ; hyperspectral ; spectral library ; copper mineral ; geochemical analyses ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 MINERALS 〉 MINERAL PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES 〉 CHEMICAL WEATHERING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 METALS 〉 METALS PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Spectrometers/Radiometers 〉 Imaging Spectrometers/Radiometers
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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    DATA GFZ
  • 9
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    Experimental dataset of charges and discharges measurement during shock-tube experiments (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Series of experiments to assess the role of pressure, mass of particles, and grain size distribution in the generation of charges and discharges during shock-tube experiments. Experiments have been achieved between 2017 and 2018 in the facilities of Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences - LMU München.This dataset contains:- an excel spreadsheet summarizing the 63 experiments in the database with their main characteristics- a pdf file for each experiment, with the waveforms of the main instruments used in the experiment (Pressure sensors and Faraday cage) as well as ellaborated data (total amount of charges and discharges, discharge size distribution.
    Description: Methods
    Description: Description of the raw file for each experiment (in CSV format). After the header, the columns display respectively:(1) the time [s](2) the static pressure within the autoclave [MPa](3) the voltage across the Faraday cage [V] on a low-sensitivity channel of the datalogger(4) the voltage across the Faraday cage [V] on a high-sensitivity channel of the datalogger that might saturate in some cases(5) the voltage across the lower antenna [V] as described in Cimarelli et al., 2014 (for some experiments only, otherwise the signal remains close to 0)(6) the voltage across the upper antenna [V] as described in Cimarelli et al., 2014 (for some experiments only, otherwise the signal remains close to 0)(7) the dynamic pressure at the exit of the nozzle [MPa](8) the trigger signal generated by the datalogger [V]
    Keywords: ash ; electric charge ; electric discharge ; shock tube ; jet ; grain size distribution ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; rock and melt physical properties ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 WEATHER/CLIMATE ADVISORIES 〉 DUST/ASH ADVISORIES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY 〉 ERUPTION DYNAMICS 〉 VOLCANIC EXPLOSIVITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY 〉 ERUPTION DYNAMICS 〉 ASH/DUST DISPERSION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 ATMOSPHERE 〉 ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY 〉 LIGHTNING
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
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    DATA GFZ
  • 10
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    Ring shear test data of quartz sand and colored quartz sand used for analogue modelling in the Laboratorio de modelización analógica, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain (EPOS TNA call 2017). (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) on different types of quartz sand used in the Laboratorio de modelización analógica of the Universidad de Zaragoza (UZ, Spain) as an analogue for brittle layers in the crust or lithosphere (Izquierdo-Llavall & Casas-Sainz, 2012; Calvín et al., 2013; Pueyo Anchuela et al., 2016; Peiro et al., 2018; Pueyo et al., 2018; Izquierdo-Llavall et al., submitted). The materials (quartz sand, green coloured quartz sand mixture, black coloured quartz sand) have been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesions C as a remote service by the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam.According to our analysis the materials show a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Friction coefficients of the pure quartz sand and the green quartz sand mixture are similar (µP = 0.74 – 0.76, µD = 0.56 – 0.60, µR = 0.61 – 0.64), whereas friction coefficients of the black coloured quartz sand are lower (µP = 0.48, µD = 0.39, µR = 0.45). Cohesions of all sands range between 40 and 150 Pa. A minor rate-weakening of ~1 % per ten-fold change in shear velocity v is evident.The tested materials are quartz sands with a grain size of 0.063 – 0.4 mm and bulk densities of ρ = 1610-1800 kg m^-3. The data presented here are derived by ring shear testing using a SCHULZE RST-01.pc (Schulze, 1994, 2003, 2008) at the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) of the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. The RST is specially designed to measure friction coefficients µ and cohesions C in loose granular material accurately at low confining pressures and shear velocities similar to sandbox experiments.
    Keywords: EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; analogue models of geologic processes ; property data of analogue modelling materials ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 CALIBRATION/VALIDATION ; earth interior setting 〉 crust setting 〉 continental-crustal setting 〉 upper continental crustal setting ; deformation 〉 fracturing ; wrench fault ; thrust fault ; fault ; tectonic and structural features ; Sand 〉 Quartz Sand ; Ring-shear tester ; Force sensor ; Friction coefficient ; Cohesion
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
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    DATA GFZ
  • 11
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    Ring shear test data of iron powder – quartz sand mixture: a new marker material for analog modelling in a CT scanner at Utrecht University (The Netherlands) (EPOS TNA call 2017) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) on an iron powder – quartz sand mixture (weight ratio 1:3). This material is used in particular as marker material in analogue experiments that are monitored with CT-scanners in the Tectonic Laboratory (TecLab) at Utrecht University (NL) (Pueyo et al., 2017; 2018). The material has been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesions C as a remote service by the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam in the framework of the EPOS (European Plate Observing System) Transnational Access (TNA) call of the Thematic Core Service (TCS) Multi-scale Laboratories (MSL) in 2017.According to our analysis the material behaves as a Mohr-Coulomb material characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients are µP = 0.65, µD = 0.53, and µR = 0.62, respectively. Cohesions C are in the range of 70 to 100 Pa. A minor rate-weakening of ~3% per ten-fold change in shear velocity v is evident.
    Keywords: EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; analogue models of geologic processes ; property data of analogue modelling materials ; software tools ; transnational access ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 CALIBRATION/VALIDATION ; earth interior setting 〉 crust setting 〉 continental-crustal setting 〉 upper continental crustal setting ; deformation 〉 fracturing ; fault ; tectonic and structural features ; Sand 〉 Quartz Sand ; Iron Powder ; Ring-shear tester ; Force sensor ; Friction coefficient ; Cohesion
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
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    DATA GFZ
  • 12
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    LSMOD.2 - Global paleomagnetic field model for 50 -- 30 ka BP (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Global spherical harmonic paleomagnetic field model LSMOD.2 describes the magnetic field evolution from 50 to 30 ka BP based on published paleomagnetic sediment records and volcanic data. It is an update of LSMOD.1, with the only difference being a correction to the geographic locations of one of the underlying datasets. The time interval includes the Laschamp (~41 ka BP) and Mono Lake (~34 ka BP) excursions. The model is given with Fortran source code to obtain spherical harmonic magnetic field coefficients for individual epochs and to obtain time series of magnetic declination, inclination and field intensity from 49.95 to 30 ka BP for any location on Earth. For details see M. Korte, M. Brown, S. Panovska and I. Wardinski (2019): Robust characteristics of the Laschamp and Mono lake geomagnetic excursions: results from global field models. Submitted to Frontiers in Earth Sciences
    Description: Methods
    Description: File overview:LSMOD.2 -- ASCII file containing the time-dependent model by a list of spline basis knot points and spherical harmonic coefficients for these knot points.LSfield.f -- Fortran source code to obtain time series predictions of declination, inclination and intensity from the model file.LScoefs.f -- Fortran source code to obtain the spherical harmonic coefficients for an individual age from the time-dependent model file.The data are licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY 4.0) and the Fortran Codes under the Apache License, Version 2.0.The Fortran source code should work with any standard Fortran 77 or higher compiler. Each of the two program files can be compiled separately, all required subroutines are included in the files. The model file, LSMOD.1 or LSMOD.2, is read in by the executable program and has to be in the same directory. The programs work with interactive input, which will be requested when running the program.
    Keywords: paleomagnetic field model ; geomagnetic excursion ; spherical harmonic paleomagnetic field model ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; paleomagnetic and magnetic data ; software tools ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD 〉 MAGNETIC INTENSITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD 〉 MAGNETIC INCLINATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD 〉 MAGNETIC DECLINATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 REFERENCE FIELDS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 PALEOMAGNETISM
    Type: Model
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 13
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    Ring-shear test data of foam glass beads used for analogue experiments in the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam and the Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) for two types of foam glass beads and a mixture of foam glass beads with quartz sand (“G12”; Rosenau et al., 2019). These materials have been used in analogue experiments in Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam and in the Analogue laboratory of the Institute of Geosciences of the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena (FSU Jena). The materials have been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesion C. According to our analysis the materials show a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak friction coefficients µP of all tested materials range between 0.70 and 0.75, dynamic friction coefficients µD between 0.52 and 0.55 and reactivation friction coefficients µR between 0.60 and 0.62. Peak cohesions CP of all materials are negative indicating that they are cohesionless. All materials show a minor rate-weakening of ~1% per ten-fold change in shear velocity v.Further information about materical characteristics, measurement procedures, sample preparation, the RST (Ring-shear test) and VST (Velocity stepping test) procedure, as well as the analysed method is proviced in the data description file. The list of files explains the file and folder structure of the data set.
    Keywords: analogue models of geologic processes ; EPOS ; Multi-scale Laboratories ; property data of analogue modelling materials ; software tools ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 CALIBRATION/VALIDATION ; tectonic setting 〉 passive continental margin setting ; earth interior setting 〉 crust setting 〉 continental-crustal setting 〉 upper continental crustal setting ; deformation 〉 ductile flow ; deformation 〉 fracturing ; normal fault ; graben ; diapir ; fault ; slope and gravitational features ; base slope ; tectonic and structural features ; Sand 〉 Quartz Sand ; Ring-shear tester ; Force sensor ; Friction coefficient ; Cohesion
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 14
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    TOPOI-CS_ECHAM5 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-04
    Description: Global paleoclimate simulations are carried out on the basis of the so-called time slice technique. The simulations are performed with the state-of-the-art global circulation model ECHAM5 (Roeckner et al., 2003) at a spectral resolution of T106 (∼1.125°×1.125°) and 19 vertical levels. Different time slices are selected at a time interval of approx. 1000 years from each other, from 6000 years ago to pre-industrial times. For each time slice a simulation is carried out over a period of 30 years. As boundary conditions prescribed sea ice fraction and sea surface temperatures were used, which were derived from a continuous simulation with transient periods. This simulation was performed with the coupled atmosphere-ocean circulation model ECHO-G, consisting of the ECHAM4 (Roeckner et al., 1996) and the ocean model HOPE (Wolff et al., 1997), at a spectral resolution of T30 (∼3.75◦×3.75◦). Further information on simulation realization can be found in Wagner et al. (2007). Detailed information on the model set-up can be found in Russo and Cubasch (2016). Russo, E. and Cubasch, U.: Mid-to-late Holocene temperature evolution and atmospheric dynamics over Europe in regional model simulations, Clim. Past, 12, 1645-1662, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1645-2016, 2016.
    Type: experiment
    Format: GRIB
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  • 15
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    TOPOI-CS_COSMO-CLM (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-04
    Description: High-resolution simulations of the palaeoclimate are carried out throughout Europe. A set of climate simulations will be performed, based on the so-called time slicing technique. The simulations are performed with the state-of-the-art regional climate model COSMO-CLM (cosmo_4.8_clm19) at a horizontal resolution of 0.44° longitude and 40 vertical levels. The COSMO-CLM is a non-hydrostatic RCM with rotated geographical coordinates and a terrain following height coordinate (Rockel et al., 2008), developed by the German Weather Service (DWD) of the COSMO model (Doms and Schättler, 2003). The ECHAM5 output is used as a boundary data set for the dynamic downscaling approach. Detailed information on the model set-up can be found in Russo and Cubasch (2016). Russo, E. and Cubasch, U.: Mid-to-late Holocene temperature evolution and atmospheric dynamics over Europe in regional model simulations, Clim. Past, 12, 1645-1662, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1645-2016, 2016.
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  • 16
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    CanClim Historical monthly models (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-23
    Description: Historical monthly models of mean minimum temperature and maximum temperature, and total precipitation
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 17
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    CMIP6 ScenarioMIP DKRZ MPI-ESM1-2-HR ssp370 - RCM-forcing data (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-23
    Description: RCM forcing data from 10 realisations (r*i1p1f1) of the CMIP6/ScenarioMIP experiment ssp370, conducted with the MPI-ESM1-2-HR on the Mistral supercomputer of the DKRZ. The experiment covers the years 2015 to 2100 and branches from realisations of the CMIP6/CMIP historical experiment. The file format is gzip-compressed GRIB (*.grb.gz). ScenarioMIP website: https://cmip.ucar.edu/scenario-mip ScenarioMIP paper: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3461-2016 Experiment description ssp370: Gap: Baseline scenario with a medium to high radiative forcing by the end of century. Following approximately RCP7.0 global forcing pathway with SSP3 socioeconomic conditions. Radiative forcing reaches a level of 7.0 W/m2 in 2100. Concentration-driven.
    Type: experiment
    Format: GRIB1 zipped; recs separated
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  • 18
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    CMIP6 CMIP DKRZ MPI-ESM1-2-HR amip_r2i1p1f1 and amip_r3i1p1f1 - RCM-forcing data (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-23
    Description: RCM forcing data from 2 realisations (r2i1p1f1, r3i1p1f1) of the CMIP6/CMIP DECK experiment amip, conducted with the MPI-ESM1-2-HR on the Mistral supercomputer of the DKRZ. The experiment covers the years 1979 to 2014. The two variants have been created by modulating the horizontal diffusion coefficient of the top model layer by a factor 1.00001 (amip_r2i1p1f1) and 0.99999 (amip_r3i1p1f1) for the year 1979. The file format is gzip-compressed GRIB (*.grb.gz). CMIP6 website: https://www.wcrp-climate.org/wgcm-cmip/wgcm-cmip6 CMIP6 paper: https://www.geosci-model-dev.net/9/1937/2016/gmd-9-1937-2016.html Experiment description amip: An atmosphere only climate simulation using prescribed sea surface temperature and sea ice concentrations but with other conditions as in the Historical simulation.
    Type: experiment
    Format: GRIB1 zipped; recs separated
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  • 19
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    The DGFI geoid based on spherical radial basis functions for the Colorado Experiment: ColSRBF-DGFI2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-27
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSRBF-DGFI2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI), Technical University of Munich (TUM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Input data include terrestrial and airborne gravity observations, both used with their original observation sites. The computation method is based on spherical radial basis functions (SRBFs), using the Shannon function and the Cubic Polynomial (CuP) function for the terrestrial and airborne data, respectively. The computation is performed in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure, taking XGM2016 as global gravity model and Earth2014 / ERTM2160 for the topographic gravity effects. The terrestrial and airborne observations are combined within a parameter estimation procedure, and the relative weight between these two types of observations are determined by the method of variance component estimation (VCE). The classical formula by Heiskanen and Moritz (1967) is used for quasi-geoid to geoid conversion. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.0 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spherical radial basis functions ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 20
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    Survey mode GPS data in the West Pamir, Tajikistan, Central Asia, 2013-2016 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-01
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We have installed 20 new Global Positioning System (GPS) markers in the West Pamir and the Tajik Depression and measured 25 markers once a year between 2013 and 2016 in survey mode. The stations are positioned along two dense NW-SE oriented profiles with an average spacing of 5-10 km. The profiles cross the Darvaz and the Vakhsh/Ilyak fault and thus monitor the recent slip of these two profiles, which are expected to accommodate the gravity-driven westward extrusion of the West Pamir into the Tajik Depression. Some of the stations include millimeter to centimeter offsets potentially caused by the 2015 Mw7.2 Sarez, Pamir, earthquake.
    Description: Methods
    Description: The markers are 100 mm long stainless steel rods of 8 mm diameter drilled and glued into the ground. Marker positions were measured for nearly 48 hrs per measurement at a sampling rate of 30 s. The data were always acquired in autumn (September to November) to minimize seasonal signal contributions. We used a Trimble R7 receiver and a Trimble Geodetic Zephyr Model 1 (TRM41249.00) antenna on a leveled spike mount with a fixed height of 12.2 cm. The antenna cable plug was oriented towards North whenever possible.Metadata regarding the measurement conditions were archived on paper log sheets. Trimble's proprietary data was converted to ASCII-files using the Trimble software "runpkr00", and then into exchangeable RINEX data using the software "TEQC" (https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00012778), which can be downloaded from the UNAVCO webpage. Finally, mandatory metadata - e.g. antenna and receiver types, marker names, antenna offsets - were added to the header information of the RINEX files.The resulting data presented herein include daily observations in RINEX format. These are organized in yearly and daily folders ("2019-007_Metzger-et-al_data/daily/YYYY/DDD"). Further documentation is found in the folder "2019-007_Metzger-et-al_documentation" and includes the technical reports ("TechnicalReport20YY.pdf") with additional details regarding the installation and remeasurement of the network, waypoint descriptions ("WaypointDescriptions.pdf"), technical aspects of the GPS antenna ("antenna_TRM41249_00.gif"), logsheets documenting additional data acquisition information ("logsheets") as well as example pictures taken during data acquistion ("photo_examples").
    Keywords: RNX data ; campaign GPS ; GNSS ; Tajikistan ; Tajik basin ; Vakhsh fault ; Darvaz fault ; Pamir ; West Pamir ; surface displacement ; linear rates ; interseismic rates ; deformation rates ; sGPS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMS ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Positioning/Navigation 〉 GNSS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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  • 21
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    ESA-CCI_Phase2_Standardized_Manual_Visual_Ship-Based_SeaIceObservations_v01 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-04
    Description: Polar regions are data sparse regions. Research ships operating in polar regions often record sea-ice conditions during their transects through ice infested waters. Such observations of the sea-ice conditions are often the only information that can be provided in addition to satellite-based estimates of the sea-ice conditions, such as sea-ice concentration or sea-ice thickness. Such observations have been carried out and gathered using two protocols. For the Antarctic, this is the so-called ASPeCt protocol [Worby and Allison, 1999; Worby and Dirita, 1999; Worby et al., 2008]. For the Arctic, this is the so-called ASSIST/IceWatch protocol [Hutchings et al., 2018]. The latter builds on the ASPeCt protocol, incorporating surface melt conditions being more ubiquitous in the Arctic. Ship-based observations of the sea-ice conditions are conducted manually, visually, i.e. by eye, regularly every hour taking into account an area around the ship of about one kilometer radius. Note that this area distorts to an elliptically shaped area as a function of observers' experience, ships' cruising speed and ice and visibility conditions. Each observation comprises the total sea-ice concentration, and the concentration, level ice thickness, level ice snow depth, fraction and height of ridges, ice type, snow type, and floe size for the up to three thickest ice types. For the Arctic, melt-pond fraction and stage-of-melt are also part of the observables. In addition to the ships' position often auxiliary parameters such as visibility, wind speed and direction, or air and water temperature are recorded. For development and evaluation of satellite-based sea-ice products, such ship-based observations are of great value. Because of this, within the ESA-CCI sea-ice ECV project (ESA-SICCI), phase 2, a standardized data set of such ship-based observations was generated for both polar regions. It comprises data from June 2002 through December 2015. This time period is motivated by the purpose to evaluate sea-ice concentration data retrieved from AMSR-E and AMSR2 brightness temperature measurements which, at the time the project was initiated, were planned to be retrieved until the end of 2015. The data set incorporates observational data from various collections, e.g. a part of the original ASPeCt collection [Worby et al., 2008], which ended in May 2005. More information about all data sources is given below. All data have been manually standardized to the same format (i.e., number of decimals, unit), using the same value to describe missing data, using the same temporal ordering, and filling gaps with the respective missing-data value. Double data entries have been removed. The data set is split into two ascii text files, one for the Arctic, one for the Antarctic. It has been successfully used to evaluate sea-ice concentration and thickness products of the ESA-SICCI phase 2 project.
    Type: experiment
    Format: GZ
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  • 22
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    The CASM geoid based on spectral combination approach for the Colorado Experiment: ColSCA-CASM2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-05
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSCA-CASM2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping (CASM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109.5°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102.5°W, 35.5°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39.5°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The height anomaly computation from the satellite gravity model GOCO05S, terrestrial and airborne gravity data is based on the spectral combination approach. Spectral weights of each dataset are determined by using the KTH error degree variance estimation method. A remove-compute-restore procedure, based on the EGM2008 global gravity model, is applied to account for the contribution outside local gravity data coverage. A residual terrain correction is computed from the SRTM model to consider the short wavelength components of gravity field generated by the high frequency part of topography. Height anomalies are converted to geoid undulations by using the refined Bouguer anomalies and the gradient of the gravitational potential (Flury and Rummel, 2009). The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.5 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spectral combination approach ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 23
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    The CASM quasi-geoid based on spectral combination approach for the Colorado Experiment: ColSCA-CASM2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-05
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSCA-CASM2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping (CASM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109.5°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102.5°W, 35.5°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39.5°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The height anomaly computation from the satellite gravity model GOCO05S, terrestrial and airborne gravity data is based on the spectral combination approach. Spectral weights of each dataset are determined by using the KTH error degree variance estimation method. A remove-compute-restore procedure, based on the EGM2008 global gravity model, is applied to account for the contribution outside local gravity data coverage. A residual terrain correction is computed from the SRTM model to consider the short wavelength components of gravity field generated by the high frequency part of topography. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.1 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spectral combination approach ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 24
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    Reconstructed volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections and aerosol optical depth, 500 BCE to 1900 CE, version 3 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-09
    Description: The eVolv2k database includes estimates of the magnitudes and approximate source latitudes of major volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection (VSSI) events from 500 BCE to 1900 CE. The VSSI estimates incorporate recent improvements to the ice core records in terms of synchronization and dating, refinements to the methods used to estimate VSSI from ice core records, and includes estimates of the random uncertainties in VSSI values. Ice core-derived volcanic sulfate deposition composites for Antarctica (Sigl et al., 2014) and Greenland (Sigl et al., 2015, Zielinski et al., 1995) are scaled to volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection based on a method similar to that of Gao et al. (2007). More details are described by Toohey and Sigl (2017). Compared to version 2, this update includes reassignment of eruption region for minor events in 1654, 1414, 1381, 688, 379 and -430. Also, minimum flux threshold adjusted downwards so as to include small Greenland flux for events in 1463, -190 and -430. Finally, events with 0 VSSI removed. In addition, a reconstruction of stratospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) using the VSSI estimates and the EVA v1.2 volcanic forcing generator (Toohey et al., 2016) is provided. Complete optical properties (extinction, single scattering albedo, scattering asymmetry factor) as a function of height, latitude and time can be produced using the eVolv2k VSSI database and the EVA forcing generator. EVA version 1.2 includes a fix of a minor bug which affected the spatiotemporal distribution of AOD, most notably for extratropical eruptions. Gao, C., Oman, L., Robock, A. and Stenchikov, G. L.: Atmospheric volcanic loading derived from bipolar ice cores: Accounting for the spatial distribution of volcanic deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 112(D9), doi:10.1029/2006JD007461, 2007. Sigl, M., Winstrup, M., McConnell, J. R., Welten, K. C., Plunkett, G., Ludlow, F., Büntgen, U., Caffee, M., Chellman, N., Dahl-Jensen, D., Fischer, H., Kipfstuhl, S., Kostick, C., Maselli, O. J., Mekhaldi, F., Mulvaney, R., Muscheler, R., Pasteris, D. R., Pilcher, J. R., Salzer, M., Schüpbach, S., Steffensen, J. P., Vinther, B. M. and Woodruff, T. E.: Timing and climate forcing of volcanic eruptions for the past 2,500 years, Nature, 523, 543¿549, doi:10.1038/nature14565, 2015. Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Toohey, M., Curran, M., Das, S. B., Edwards, R., Isaksson, E., Kawamura, K., Kipfstuhl, S., Krüger, K., Layman, L., Maselli, O. J., Motizuki, Y., Motoyama, H., Pasteris, D. R. and Severi, M.: Insights from Antarctica on volcanic forcing during the Common Era, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 693-697, doi:10.1038/nclimate2293, 2014. Toohey, M. and Sigl, M.: Volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections and aerosol optical depth from 500 BCE to 1900 CE, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9(2), 809–831, doi:10.5194/essd-9-809-2017, 2017. Toohey, M., Stevens, B., Schmidt, H. and Timmreck, C.: Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA v1.0): an idealized forcing generator for climate simulations, Geosci. Model Dev., 9(11), 4049–4070, doi:10.5194/GMD-9-4049-2016, 2016.
    Type: experiment
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  • 25
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    SCOTER - Software package for multiple-earthquake relocation by using static and source-specific station correction terms (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We present SCOTER, an open-source Python programming package that is designed to relocate multiple seismic events by using direct P- and S-wave station correction terms. The package implements static and shrinking-box source-specific station terms techniques extended to regional and teleseimic distances and adopted for probabilistic, non-linear, global-search location for large-scale multiple-event location. This program provides robust relocation results for seismic event sequences over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales by applying empirical corrections for the biasing effects of 3-D velocity structure. Written in the Python programming language, SCOTER is run as a stand-alone command-line tool (requiring no knowledge of Python) and also provides a set of sub-commands to develop required input files (e.g. phase files, travel-time grid files, configuration) and export relocation results (such as hypocenter parameters, travel-time residuals) in different formats -- routine but non-trivial tasks that can consume much user time. This package can be used for relocating data sets in local, regional, and teleseimic scales.
    Keywords: relocation of seismic events ; python ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES
    Type: Software
    Format: 4 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 26
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    Paleosol-derived data used for the reconstruction of environmental conditions during the Holocene in the upper part of the Kali Gandaki valley, Central Nepal (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-10
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data publication contains the data sets of a study aiming to reconstruct environmental conditions during the Holocene in the upper part of the Kali Gandaki valley, Nepal. The data are for samples taken from paleosol sections in the Upper Mustang region (Menges et al. 2019). On these samples we measured the grain size distribution to gain information about the depositional processes, pollen data to reconstruct past vegetation, 14C isotopes in the humin fraction of organic matter for soil formation ages, and hydrogen isotopic composition on n-alkanes to reconstruct past hydrological conditions. This is complemented with optically stimulated luminescence data for additional depositional age information, surface water samples and modern soil samples to constrain modern hydrological conditions, and sediment concentration data to gain insights into erosion processes. The data was generated between 2013-02 and 2018-12. The data files are provided in Excel and tab-delimited text versions.
    Keywords: degradation ; paleosols ; climate ; Nepal ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Spectrometers/Radiometers 〉 IRMS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 LAND RECORDS 〉 ISOTOPES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 HABITAT CONVERSION/FRAGMENTATION 〉 DESERTIFICATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 DEGRADATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS 〉 DROUGHT/PRECIPITATION RECONSTRUCTION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 LAND RECORDS 〉 PALEOSOLS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
    Format: application/octet-stream
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of atmospheric nitrogen deposition by CMAQ (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-16
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the year 2012 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1999 and, then, from 2000 to 2011 with tagging (see below; three years would have been sufficient). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). A publication is in preparation. The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of 16x16 km2 horizontal resolution were provided by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht within the EU BONUS SHEBA Project (Karl et al., 2019, doi:10.5194/acp-19-7019-2019). Nitrogen from atmospheric deposition of nitrogen from shipping emissions and from all emission sectors has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi: 10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all nitrogen-containing model variables exist three times in the output: once as regular variables and once per tagged nitrogen source (total atmospheric and shipping-related). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 28
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of atmospheric nitrogen deposition by EMEP (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-16
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 2003 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1999 and, then, from 2000 to 2002 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). A publication is in preparation. The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of 0.1° x 0.1° spatial resolution were taken from the 2018 reporting of the European Measurement and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) as presented in EMEP (2018, url: http://emep.int/publ/reports/2018/EMEP_Status_Report_1_2018.pdf) and available from the Norwegian Meteorological Institute (2018, url: http://thredds.met.no/thredds/catalog/data/EMEP/2018_Reporting/catalog.html). Nitrogen from atmospheric deposition of nitrogen from livestock/agricultural emissions (estimated, see documentation) and from all emission sectors has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all nitrogen-containing model variables exist three times in the output: once as regular variables and once per tagged nitrogen source (total atmospheric and agriculturally-related). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
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  • 29
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for Tajikistan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in Tajikistan. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2020) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra (submitted). The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of geo-cells covering the territory of Tajikistan (provided as a separate file). The model integrates around 1'000 building observations (see related dataset Pittore et al. 2019a). The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Prior strength=10, 100 Epsilon=0.001 For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 30
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for the Kyrgyz Republic (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in the Kyrgyz Republic. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2019) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra. The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of 1'175 geo-cells covering the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic. The model integrates around 6'000 building observations (see related dataset Pittore et al. 2019). The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Two exposure models are provided, with prior strength pw 10 and 100. Both models have epsilon=0.001 (see publication indicated in the metadata for details on the modelling process). For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 31
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for Uzbekistan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in Uzbekistan. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2019) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra. The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of geo-cells covering the territory of Uzbekistan (provided as a separate file). The model prior is based on empirical observations in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan as well as user-elicited knowledge. The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Two exposure models are provided, with prior strength pw 10 and 100. Both models have epsilon=0.001 (see publication indicated in the metadata for details on the modelling process). For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 32
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for Kazakhstan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in Kazakhstan. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2019) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra. The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of geo-cells covering the territory of Kazakhstan (provided as a separate file). The model prior is based on user-elicited knowledge. The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Two exposure models are provided, with prior strength pw 10 and 100. Both models have epsilon=0.001 (see publication indicated in the metadata for details on the modelling process). For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 33
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    EMCA Seismic exposure model for Turkmenistan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Multi-resolution exposure model for seismic risk assessment in Turkmenistan. The model has been developed according to the methodology outlined in Pittore, Haas and Silva (2019) "Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications", Earthquake Spectra. The model is aggregated over a Central Voronoidal Tessellation (CVT) composed of geo-cells covering the territory of Turkmenistan (provided as a separate file). The model prior is based on user-elicited knowledge. The following specific modelling parameters have been employed: Two exposure models are provided, with prior strength pw 10 and 100. Both models have epsilon=0.001 (see publication indicated in the metadata for details on the modelling process) For each geo-cell the model includes the expected number of buildings , total occupancy and replacement cost for each of the 15 building types defined in the EMCA taxonomy (see Pittore et al, 2019b), plus the buildings that are belonging to other, non specified typologies (described by building type OTH). Each geo-cell also includes the area of the geo-cell itself in squared km. The data package contains three components: 1) exposure models in .csv 2) exposure models in .xml - the file is encoded in NRML 0.5 format and is compatible with the GEM openquake processing engine 3) shapefile of the tessellation that aggregates the exposure model. The field "cell_id" is the linkage with the exposure models
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES
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  • 34
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    Earthquake Model Central Asia: seismic exposure modelling (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The datasets in this collection include input and output components of the seismic exposure model developed within the framework of the Earthquake Model Central Asia and used for seismic risk assessment. In particular the collection includes: - A dataset of around 7’000 individual building observations in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan collected using the Remote Rapid Visual Survey (RRVS) methodology developed at GFZ, along with the class schema used to map the individual taxonomic observations into vulnerability-related building classes. These are used to develop suitable prior distribution and to constrain locally the resulting exposure models - The seismic exposure models for the following central Asian countries: Kazakhstan , Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, aggregated over a set of heterogeneous tessellations (geo-cells) The methodology employed for the development of the exposure models is described in Pittore, M., Haas, M., and Silva, V. (2020) “Multi-resolution Probabilistic Modelling of Residential Exposure and Vulnerability for Seismic Risk Applications”, Earthquake Spectra. Two versions of the models obtained with two different parameter settings are included. The models are provided in .csv and in .xml (nrml 0.5) format, for compatiliby with the OpenQuake hazard and risk assessment engine.
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
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  • 35
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    Remote Rapid Visual survey (RRVS) for exposure modelling in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The dataset contains a set of structural and non-structural attributes collected using the GFZ RRVS methodology in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, within the framework of the projects EMCA (Earthquake Model Central Asia), funded by GEM, and "Assessing Seismic Risk in the Kyrgyz Republic", funded by the World Bank. The survey has been carried out between 2012 and 2016 using a Remote Rapid Visual Screening system developed by GFZ and employing omnidirectional images and footprints from OpenStreetMap. The attributes are encoded according to the GEM taxonomy v2.0 (see https://taxonomy.openquake.org). The following attributes are defined (not all are observable in the RRVS survey): code, description: lon, longitude in fraction of degrees lat, latitude in fraction of degrees object_id, unique id of the building surveyed MAT_TYPE,Material Type MAT_TECH,Material Technology MAT_PROP,Material Property LLRS,Type of Lateral Load-Resisting System LLRS_DUCT,System Ductility HEIGHT,Height YR_BUILT,Date of Construction or Retrofit OCCUPY,Building Occupancy Class - General OCCUPY_DT,Building Occupancy Class - Detail POSITION,Building Position within a Block PLAN_SHAPE,Shape of the Building Plan STR_IRREG,Regular or Irregular STR_IRREG_DT,Plan Irregularity or Vertical Irregularity STR_IRREG_TYPE,Type of Irregularity NONSTRCEXW,Exterior walls ROOF_SHAPE,Roof Shape ROOFCOVMAT,Roof Covering ROOFSYSMAT,Roof System Material ROOFSYSTYP,Roof System Type ROOF_CONN,Roof Connections FLOOR_MAT,Floor Material FLOOR_TYPE,Floor System Type FLOOR_CONN,Floor Connections For each building an EMCA vulnerability class has been assigned following the fuzzy scoring methodology described in Pittore et al., 2018. The related class definition schema (as a .json document) is included in the data package.
    Keywords: Earthquake Risk ; taxonomy ; RRVS ; GEM ; EMCA ; Central Asia ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; geological process 〉 seismic activity ; risk 〉 natural risk ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 disaster preparedness ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 natural risk analysis ; safety 〉 risk assessment 〉 risk exposure
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  • 36
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    The GSI-DTU geoid based on the UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme for the Colorado Experiment: ColUNBSH-GSI2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColUNBSH-GSI2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) in cooperation with the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109°W ≤ longitude ≤ 103°W, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Terrestrial and airborne gravity data are combined and gridded by least-squares collocation with the planar logarithmic covariance model. The resulting grid of free-air gravity anomalies is converted into Helmert gravity anomalies by applying the spherical topographic reduction and the analytical downward continuation with Helmert's second method of condensation. The computation method is based on the remove-compute-restore technique, using XGM2016 up to degree and order 719 as the reference global gravity model. In particular, the geoid model is computed by Stokes integration of residual Helmert gravity anomalies with the hybrid Meissl-Molodensky modified spheroidal Stokes kernel (UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme). The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.9 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of phosphorus inputs of the Warnow River, base scenario, v04 Unterwarnow turnover (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 1995 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1984 and, then, from 1985 to 1994 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Riverine phosphorus input of the Warnow River was calculated with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT; Bauwe et al., 2019, doi:10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.003). Phosphorus from the Warnow River has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all phosphorus-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as tagged variable. The default phosphorus input by the Warnow River based on real phosphorus release patterns and real atmospheric conditions was used ("base scenario"; PhosWaM SWAT case "ist"). The turnover of phosphorus compounds in the Unterwarnow was calculated based on the "Unterwarnow turnover estimation v04" (see final project report of PhosWaM for details). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
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  • 38
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of phosphorus inputs of the Warnow River, base scenario, v05 Unterwarnow turnover (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 1995 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1984 and, then, from 1985 to 1994 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Riverine phosphorus input of the Warnow River was calculated with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT; Bauwe et al., 2019, doi:10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.003). Phosphorus from the Warnow River has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all phosphorus-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as tagged variable. The default phosphorus input by the Warnow River based on real phosphorus release patterns and real atmospheric conditions was used (PhosWaM SWAT case "ist"). The turnover of phosphorus compounds in the Unterwarnow was calculated based on the "Unterwarnow turnover estimation v05" (see final project report of PhosWaM for details). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
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  • 39
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of phosphorus inputs of the Warnow River, BSAP compliance scenario, v04 Unterwarnow turnover (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 1995 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1984 and, then, from 1985 to 1994 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Riverine phosphorus input of the Warnow River was calculated with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT; Bauwe et al., 2019, doi:10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.003). Phosphorus from the Warnow River has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all phosphorus-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as tagged variable. The phosphorus input by the Warnow River based on real phosphorus release patterns and real atmospheric conditions was modified in order to comply with BASP (Baltic Sea Action Plan) targets (PhosWaM SWAT case "15"). The turnover of phosphorus compounds in the Unterwarnow was calculated based on the "Unterwarnow turnover estimation v04" (see final project report of PhosWaM for details). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
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  • 40
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    MOM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of phosphorus inputs of the Warnow River, MFTR scenario, v04 Unterwarnow turnover (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed with the model MOM-ERGOM for the years 1995 to 2014 covering the Baltic Sea. Previously, MOM-ERGOM had been initialized for several decades without tagging until 1984 and, then, from 1985 to 1994 with tagging (see below). The model output has been validated with measurement data of the "IOW Baltic Monitoring and long-term data program" (https://www.io-warnemuende.de/iowdb.html; IOW: Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde) and from the HELCOM database (http://ocean.ices.dk/helcom/Helcom.aspx; HELCOM: Helsinki Commission). The model simulation was forced by coastDat2 COSMO-CLM data (doi:10.1594/WDCC/coastDat-2_COSMO-CLM). Riverine phosphorus input of the Warnow River was calculated with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT; Bauwe et al., 2019, doi:10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.03.003). Phosphorus from the Warnow River has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, doi:10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all phosphorus-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as tagged variable. The phosphorus input by the Warnow River based on real phosphorus release patterns and real atmospheric conditions was calculated and a Maximum Technical Feasible Reduction (MTFR) approach was applied (PhosWaM SWAT case "35"). The turnover of phosphorus compounds in the Unterwarnow was calculated based on the "Unterwarnow turnover estimation v04" (see final project report of PhosWaM for details). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A).
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 41
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    Data Supplement to: Cosmogenic 10Be in river sediment: where grain size matters and why (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Concentrations of in-situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be in river sediment are widely used to estimate catchment-average denudation rates. Typically, the 10Be concentrations are measured in the sand fraction of river sediment. However, the grain size of bedload sediment in most bedrock rivers covers a much wider range. Where 10Be concentrations depend on grain size, denudation rate estimates based on the sand fraction alone are potentially biased. To date, knowledge about catchment attributes that may induce grain-size-dependent 10Be concentrations is incomplete or has only been investigated in modelling studies. Here we present an empirical study on the occurrence of grain-size-dependent 10Be concentrations and the potential controls of hillslope angle, precipitation, lithology, and abrasion. We first conducted a study focusing on the sole effect of precipitation in four granitic catchments located on a climate gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. We found that observed grain size dependencies of 10Be concentrations in the most-arid and most-humid catchments could be explained by the effect of precipitation on both the scouring depth of erosion processes and the depth of the mixed soil layer. Analysis of a global dataset of published 10Be concentrations in different grain sizes (n=73 catchments) – comprising catchments with contrasting hillslope angles, climate, lithology, and catchment size – revealed a similar pattern. Lower 10Be concentrations in coarse grains (defined as “negative grain size dependency”) emerge frequently in catchments which likely have thin soil and where deep-seated erosion processes (e.g. landslides) excavate grains over a larger depth interval. These catchments include steep (〉 25°) and humid catchments (〉 2000mm yr-1). Furthermore, we found that an additional cause of negative grain size dependencies may emerge in large catchments with weak lithologies and long sediment travel distances (〉 2300–7000 m, depending on lithology) where abrasion may lead to a grain size distribution that is not representative for the entire catchment. The results of this study can be used to evaluate whether catchment-average denudation rates are likely to be biased in particular catchments.Samples from the Chilean Coastal Cordillera were processed in the Helmholtz Laboratory for the Geochemistry of the Earth Surface (HELGES). 10Be/9Be ratios were measured at the University of Cologne and normalized to the KN01-6-2 and KN01-5-3 standards. Denudation rates were calculated using a time-independent scaling scheme according to Lal (1991) and Stone (2002) (St scaling scheme) and the SLHL production rate of 4.01 at g-1 yr-1 as reported by Phillips et al. (2016)The global compilation exists of studies that measured 10Be concentrations in different grain sizes from the same sample location. We only included river basins of 〈5000 km2 which measured 10Be concentrations in at least one sand-sized fraction 〈2 mm and at least one coarser fraction 〉2 mm. Catchment parameters have been recalculated using a 90-m SRTM DEM.The data are presented in Excel and csv tables. Table S1 describes the characteristics of the samples catchments, Table S2 includes the grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations measured during this study and Table 3 the global compilation of grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations. All samples of this study (the Chilean Coastal Cordillera) are assigned with International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSN). The IGSN links are included in Table S2 and in the Related References Section on the DOI Landing Page. The data are described in detail in the data description file and in van Dongen et al. (2018) to which they are supplementary material to.
    Keywords: Denudation ; Grain size dependent 10Be-concentrations ; Chile ; Coastal Cordillera ; Global compilation ; Cosmogenic 10Be ; Cosmogenic nuclides ; chemical element 〉 element of group II (alkaline earth metals) 〉 beryllium ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES 〉 FLUVIAL PROCESSES 〉 ABRASION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 BEDROCK LITHOLOGY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 LANDSLIDES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 WEATHERING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 LAND SURFACE 〉 EROSION/SEDIMENTATION 〉 EROSION
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 4 Files
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  • 42
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    Data inventory of the varve database (VARDA): Sediment profiles, chronologies, radiocarbon dates, tephra layers and varve thickness data (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-03
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The data collection presented here is the data inventory of the VARved sediments DAtabase (VARDA) in version 1.3. VARDA is freely accessible and was created to assess outputs from climate models with high-resolution terrestrial palaeoclimatic proxies. All data were collected as raw data from freely available online sources, either from online data repositories (Pangaea, NOAA, and Neotoma) or data archives within the supplementary materials section of online publications. The current data collection consists of meta information and datasets from 95 lake archives. The data is stored in JSON and CSV format. All datasets are stored as individual files (JSON and CSV). Each dataset consists of samples for either i) chronologies; ii) radiocarbon data; iii) tephra layer; or iv) varve thickness data. Meta-information for each dataset is summarized in one csv and seven JSON files. Additional paleoclimate proxy data will be provided in forthcoming updates of VARDA. The data collection of VARDA Version 1.3 is provided as an archive (.tar.gz) with the following files/folders. Overview lists with categories, cores, countries, datasets, lakes and publications included in VARDA. Each item in the lists is cross-referenced with the other files via its $ref property which includes the corresponding list index or the dataset's UUID (from the VARDA database). The data points themselves are provided in the "records" folder and named with each dataset's UUID respectively. For more information on the data structure please read the "index.html" file included in the archive and available on the DOI landing page. VERSION HISTORY: 26 July 2020: release of Version 1.3: 1. Fix issues with chronologies in the export 2. Provide recalculated machine readable error estimates 3. Correct some metadata values (e.g. core labels) 5 March 2020: release of Version 1.1 1. Added fields: "distributor" - Field containing name of data distributor "url" - Field containing DOIs and URLs, which lead to the original data publications 2. Correction of publication DOIs in 9 cases The version 1.0 is available in the "previous-versions" subfolder via the Data Download link. The index file is unchanged.
    Keywords: Varda ; varves ; compound material 〉 sedimentary material ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 LAND RECORDS 〉 VOLCANIC DEPOSITS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 RADIOCARBON ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 SEDIMENTS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 STRATIGRAPHIC SEQUENCE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 VARVE DEPOSITS ; environment 〉 natural environment 〉 aquatic environment ; environment 〉 natural environment 〉 terrestrial environment ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Corers 〉 SEDIMENT CORERS ; Phanerozoic 〉 Cenozoic 〉 Quaternary 〉 Holocene ; Phanerozoic 〉 Cenozoic 〉 Quaternary 〉 Pleistocene 〉 Late/Upper Pleistocene ; science 〉 natural science 〉 earth science 〉 geology ; science 〉 natural science 〉 earth science 〉 sedimentology
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  • 43
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    The DGFI quasi-geoid based on spherical radial basis functions for the Colorado Experiment: ColSRBF-DGFI2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSRBF-DGFI2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI), Technical University of Munich (TUM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Input data include terrestrial and airborne gravity observations, both used with their original observation sites. The computation method is based on spherical radial basis functions (SRBFs), using the Shannon function and the Cubic Polynomial (CuP) function for the terrestrial and airborne data, respectively. The computation is performed in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure, taking XGM2016 as global gravity model and Earth2014 / ERTM2160 for the topographic gravity effects. The terrestrial and airborne observations are combined within a parameter estimation procedure, and the relative weight between these two types of observations are determined by the method of variance component estimation (VCE). The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.9 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spherical radial basis functions ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 44
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    The Curtin University geoid based on 1D FFT with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTWG-Curtin2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTWG-Curtin2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Curtin University, Perth, Australia. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 250°E ≤ longitude ≤ 258°E, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Terrestrial and airborne free-air gravity anomalies were reduced by subtraction of gravity anomalies from the GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R6 global gravity model (for pre-processing of the gravity data only) and a topographic correction based on the SRTM 3″ v4.1 model. These reduced data were simultaneously gridded by application of 3D least-squares collocation (LSC) with planar logarithmic covariance function, and then converted to Faye anomalies. The quasi-geoid computation was then computed with a remove-compute-restore technique, for which the xGEOID17RefB global gravity model was used. The 1D-FFT integration with Wong-Gore modified Stokes kernel was applied, where optimal modification parameters were determined from comparison to GPS-levelling data. The classical formula by Heiskanen and Moritz (1967) was used for the geoid/quasi-geoid separation. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 4.1 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 45
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    The Curtin University quasi-geoid based on 1D FFT with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTWG-Curtin2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTWG-Curtin2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Curtin University, Perth, Australia. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 250°E ≤ longitude ≤ 258°E, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Terrestrial and airborne free-air gravity anomalies were reduced by subtraction of gravity anomalies from the GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R6 global gravity model (for pre-processing of the gravity data only) and a topographic correction based on the SRTM 3″ v4.1 model. These reduced data were simultaneously gridded by application of 3D least-squares collocation (LSC) with planar logarithmic covariance function, and then converted to Faye anomalies. The quasi-geoid computation was then computed with a remove-compute-restore technique, for which the xGEOID17RefB global gravity model was used. The 1D-FFT integration with Wong-Gore modified Stokes kernel was applied, where optimal modification parameters were determined from comparison to GPS-levelling data. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.2 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 46
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    coastDat3_COSMO-CLM_MERRA2 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-06
    Description: This is an atmospheric hindcast for Western Europe and the North Atlantic using COSMO-CLM version 5.0 with spectral nudging from 2002-2017. MERRA2 reanalysis data are used as forcing. Additionally transient and monthly aerosol data of the MACv2 climatology are prescribed. The model uses a rotated grid with 566 x 481 grid points and a grid point distance of 0.0625 degrees, the rotated North pole is located at 162.0 W, 39.25 N. The published data excludes the sponge zone and have 526 x 441 grid points. In rotated coordinates the published simulation data extends from 22.64 W to 10.18 E, 11.2 S to 16.3 N, in geographical coordinates this corresponds to about 12 W to 30 E, 39 N to 60 N. institution: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Coastal Research, Germany source: int2lm_131101_2.00_clm4, COSMO-CLM5.0_clm14_aerosol_gust (available at DKRZ's LTA WDCC service), http://www.cosmo-model.org/content/model/documentation/core/default.htm contact: http://coastmod.hzg.de originator: Ronny Petrik crs: EPSG:4326
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 47
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    Wind profiles March 2018 - March 2019 from remote sensing at Iquique (2019)
    CRC1211 Database (CRC1211DB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-10
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Wind profiles from March 2018 - MArch 2019 from Doppler Wind Lidar installed at Iquique airport.Wind speed and direction were derived from the VAD-24 scans performed every 15minutes. Error estimates (variables delta_* in the netcdf files) are based on turbulence from vertical stare measurements.
    Keywords: Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere ; Meteorology ; Remote Sensing ; LiDAR ; Wind speed ; Wind direction
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 48
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    Integrated Geophysical Exploration Technologies for Deep Fractured Geothermal Systems. Report on the magnetotelluric data of project IGET.2006 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-04
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Integrated Geophysical Exploration Technologies for Deep Fractured Geothermal Systems project (I-GET) was aimed at developing an innovative strategy for geophysical exploration, particularly to exploit the full potential of seismic and electromagnetic exploration methods in detecting permeable zones and fluid bearing fractures.The proposed geothermal exploration approach was applied in selected European geothermal systems with different geological and thermodynamic reservoir characteristics: in Italy (high enthalpy reservoir in metamorphic rocks), in Iceland (high enthalpy reservoir in volcanic rocks) and in Germany and Poland (low to middle enthalpy reservoir in sedimentary rocks).The Groß Schönebeck in-situ geothermal laboratory, located 40 km north of Berlin in northeastern Germany, is a key site for testing the geothermal potential of deep sedimentary basins. The target reservoir is located in Lower Permian sandstones and volcanic strata, which host deep aquifers throughout the Northeast German Basin (NEGB). The laboratory consists of two 4.3-km-deep boreholes.The electrical conductivity of the subsurface is a very important parameter for characterizing geothermal systems as hot and mineralized (saline) fluids of deep aquifers can be imaged as regions of high electrical conductivity. In the first phase of the I-GET project, carried out in summer 2006, MT data was recorded at 55 stations along a 40-km long profile. In order to reduce the effect of the cultural noise, 4 remote reference stations located at distances of about 100 km from the profile were used. This profile is spatially coincident with a seismic tomography profile (Bauer et al., 2010). The main objective of the geophysical site characterization experiments was to derive combined electrical conductivity and P- and S-velocity tomographic models for a joint interpretation in high resolution.The data are provided in EMERALD format (Ritter et al., 2015). The folder structure and content is described in detail in Ritter et al., 2019. The project specific description is available in the associated data description file including information on the experimental setup and data collection, the instrumentation, recording configuration and data processing. Scientific outcomes of this project were published by Muñoz et al., (2010a, 2010b).
    Keywords: Electrical Properties ; Magnetotellurics ; Geothermal Energy ; Low Enthalpy ; North Eastern German Basin ; GIPP-MT ; Groß Schönebeck ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Probes ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD 〉 GEOMAGNETIC INDUCTION
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 49
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    Deep seismic reflection profile DEKORP 1988-9N across the Northern Upper Rhine Graben, Southwest Germany (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The profile 9N was recorded in 1988 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The seismic survey of the ca. 92-km long line 9N was conducted to investigate the deep crustal structure of the northern Upper Rhine Graben with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The objectives of the survey were to delineate the geometry of the major faults, which control the graben subsidence, to map the geometry of deep crustal reflection patterns and to reveal variations of the seismic signature of the lower crust in the context of rift formation. The first results were discussed by Wenzel et al. (1991), summarized by Brun et al. (1992) and supplemented by many other researches. Since the Eocene the Upper Rhine Graben has represented an active rift system. It obliquely intersects the Saxothuringian and the Moldanubian domains, which are separated by the NW vergent and dextrally sheared Lalaye‐Lubine‐Baden‐Baden fault. In the northern Vosges and Black Forest massifs the shear zone is characterized by low-grade Devonian metasediments. The profile starts in the crystalline Odenwald in the east, intersects the Tertiary and Quaternary fill of the Rhine Graben and ends in the late Palaeozoic sequences of the Saar-Nahe Basin in the west, where it crosses the Permian rhyolitic Donnersberg intrusion. The profile 1C creates a continuation of the survey to the west. The seismic section of 9N shows different crustal structures on both sides of the graben and some indications of dipping reflections in the mantle on the western side, which could refer to the genesis of the Upper Rhine Graben.
    Description: Other
    Description: The German Continental Seismic Reflection Program DEKORP (DEutsches KOntinentales Reflexionsseismisches Programm) was carried out between 1984 – 1999 as the German national reflection seismic program funded by the Federal Ministry of Research and Technology (BMFT), Bonn [now: the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)]. DEKORP was administrated by the former Geological Survey of Lower Saxony (NLfB), Hannover [now: the State Authority for Mining, Energy and Geology (LBEG)]. In 1994 the DEKORP management was taken over by the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. The aim of DEKORP was to investigate the deep crustal structure of Germany with high-resolution near-vertical incidence (mostly vibro)seismic acquisition, supplemented by wide-angle seismic and other target-oriented piggy-back experiments, all complemented by optimized methods of data processing and interpretation. The DEKORP project was closely linked with the KTB (German continental deep-drilling program) and was an equivalent to many other deep-seismic programs world-wide such as COCORP, BIRPS, LITHOPROBE, ECORS, CROP, BELCORP, IBERSEIS and many more. The DEKORP-Atlas (Meissner & Bortfeld, 1990) gives a detailed overview about most of the different campaigns and results. In sum, the resulting DEKORP database includes approximately 40 crustal-scale 2D-seismic reflection lines covering a total of ca. 4 700 km and one 3D-seismic reflection survey covering ca. 400 km². Each DEKORP survey is provided with all datasets that are necessary for either a re-processing (i.e. raw unstacked field records in SEGY) or a re-interpretation (i.e. finally processed sections in SEGY or PNG). The raw data are sorted by records or by CDPs. The final data are available as unmigrated or migrated stacks without or with coherency enhancement. Automatical line-drawings are also included. All data come with additional meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment. Furthermore, all metadata originating from paper copies are made available as scanned files in PNG or PDF, e.g. field and observer reports, location maps in different scales, near-surface profile headers and others. The DEKORP datasets provide unique and deep insights into the subsurface below Germany covering the earth’s crust from the surface to the upper mantle and are increasingly requested by academic institutions and commercial companies. Fields of applications are geothermal development, hazard analysis, hydrocarbon/shale gas exploration, underground gas storage, tunnel construction and much more.
    Keywords: deep crustal structure ; crustal-scale seismic survey ; near-vertical incidence seismic reflection ; Vibroseis acquisition ; Northern Upper Rhine Graben ; Variscan orogenic belts ; Odenwald ; Saar-Nahe Basin ; rift system ; Mohorovičić discontinuity ; sedimentary graben fill ; geothermal resources ; seismic risks ; DEKORP ; Deutsches Kontinentales Reflexionsseismisches Programm ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 SEISMIC PROFILE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 PLATE TECTONICS ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Profilers/Sounders 〉 SEISMIC REFLECTION PROFILERS ; lithosphere 〉 earth's crust
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  • 50
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    CH-ME-3-ASC-BOOM - CHAMP 1 Hz Satellite Attitude Time Series in Quaternion Format (Level 3) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-11
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Time series of processed, cleaned attitude readings in quaternion format of the two boom-mounted 'ASC' star sensors of the 'LEO' satellite 'CHAMP', describing the satellite system attitude in respect to the celestial background. The nominal time resolution of the time series in the 'ASCII'-file listing is 1 Hz.The full product and format descriptions are provided in the associated Scientific Technical Report - Data 19/10 (GFZ Section 2.3, 2019. http://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-19104).
    Description: Other
    Description: CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) was a German small satellite mission for geoscientific and atmospheric research and applications, managed by GFZ . With its highly precise, multifunctional and complementary payload elements (Overhauser scalar magnetometer (OVM) and Fluxgate vector magnetometer (FGM), accelerometer, star sensor (ASC), GPS receiver, laser retro reflector, ion drift meter) and its orbit characteristics (near polar, low altitude, long duration) CHAMP generated highly precise gravity and magnetic field measurements simultaneously for the first time and over a 10 years period. CHAMP launched by a Russian COSMOS launch vehicle on July 15, 2000 and an initial altitude of 454 km. The mission ended on September 19, 2010, after ten years, two month and four days, or after 58277 orbits.
    Keywords: CHAMP ; ASC ; star sensor ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 CHAMP ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Positioning/Navigation 〉 ACS ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments 〉 MAGNETOMETERS ; Solar/Space Observing Instruments 〉 Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments 〉 FGM ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 51
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    CH-ME-3-MAG - CHAMP 1 Hz Combined Magnetic Field Time Series (Level 3) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-11
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This is a Level 3 data daily file product from various scientific and utility sensors on board of the `LEO' satellite 'CHAMP' with magnetic field data given by a time resolution of 1 Hz. Thise Level 3 data type is build to hold and merge finally corrected data, focusing on mature data calibration and corrections -- as well as internal consistency. This Level 3 data product is intended to supersede the various Level 2 versions with calibrated magnetic field readings from the CHAMP mission distributed hitherto and should be fitted for scientific use, assembling time series of scalar magnetic field values (but not directly readings from the scalar Overhauser sensor), vector magnetic field data from the boom-mounted Fluxgate 'FGM' sensors and attitude data from the ('ASC') boom-mounted Star Cameras. The vector data are given both in the satellite-bound sensor ('FGM') system and the Earth Centered Earth Fixed local 'NEC' (North-East-Center) system. The attitude time series, processed and cleaned, are represented by quaternions describing the satellite attitude related to the celestial system. The readings of the scalar OVM (Overhauser) absolute magnetometer at the top of the boom are not supplied directly, but were used during calibration of the vector magnetometer readings. The files with daily time coverage are in the (binary and self-describing) 'CDF' file format and accompanied, beside the generic 'CDF'-format timestamp, by the satellite's geocentric positions and utility information like quality flags.The full product and format descriptions are provided in the associated Scientific Technical Report - Data (GFZ Section 2.3, 2019. http://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-19104).
    Description: Other
    Description: CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) was a German small satellite mission for geoscientific and atmospheric research and applications, managed by GFZ. With its highly precise, multifunctional and complementary payload elements (Overhauser scalar magnetometer (OVM) and Fluxgate vector magnetometer (FGM), accelerometer, star sensor (ASC), GPS receiver, laser retro reflector, ion drift meter) and its orbit characteristics (near polar, low altitude, long duration) CHAMP generated highly precise gravity and magnetic field measurements simultaneously for the first time and over a 10 years period. CHAMP launched by a Russian COSMOS launch vehicle on July 15, 2000 and an initial altitude of 454 km. The mission ended on September 19 2010 after ten years, two month and four days, or after 58277 orbits.
    Keywords: CHAMP ; magnetic field ; time series ; combined product ; level 3 ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 CHAMP ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Positioning/Navigation 〉 ACS ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments 〉 MAGNETOMETERS ; Solar/Space Observing Instruments 〉 Magnetic Field/Electric Field Instruments 〉 FGM ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM 〉 MAGNETIC FIELD
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 52
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    Liquid water path and integrated water vapor over the tropical Atlantic during NARVAL-South (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-23
    Description: Products of liquid water path (LWP), rain water path (RWP) and integrated water vapor (IWV, also called precipitable water vapor (PWV)) are retrieved from microwave radiometer observations with auxiliary measurements from backscatter lidar and cloud radar. The nadir measurements were taken by the German High Altitude and Long range research aircraft (HALO) during the Next generation Advanced Remote sensing for VALidation campaign South (NARVAL-South) in December 2013. Products are provided over tropical Atlantic east of Barbados. This experiment provides column integrated quantities as seen from satellite perspective but with higher spatially resolution (about 1 km footprint) than available from microwave satellites.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 53
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    Liquid water path and integrated water vapor over the tropical Atlantic during NARVAL2 (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-23
    Description: Products of liquid water path (LWP), rain water path (RWP) and integrated water vapor (IWV, also called precipitable water vapor (PWV)) are retrieved from microwave radiometer observations with auxiliary measurements from backscatter lidar and cloud radar. The nadir measurements were taken by the German High Altitude and Long range research aircraft (HALO) during the Next generation Advanced Remote sensing for VALidation campaign 2 (NARVAL2) in August 2016. Products are provided over tropical Atlantic east of Barbados. This experiment provides column integrated quantities as seen from satellite perspective but with higher spatially resolution (about 1 km footprint) than available from microwave satellites.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 54
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    The DTU quasi-geoid based on spherical FFT with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTWG-DTU2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-25
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTWG-DTU2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Copenhagen. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 250°E ≤ longitude ≤ 258°E, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation was performed by the GRAVSOFT package in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure. XGM2016 was used up to degree and order 360 as global gravity model, and SRTM v4.1 was used for the residual terrain reductions at 3″ resolution for both airborne and terrestrial data, computed from a 9″ mean model. The linear Prey term approximation was applied for the harmonic correction of surface gravity points below the mean elevation surface (Forsberg and Tscherning, 1981). The reduced airborne gravity data were downward continued and gridded, together with surface gravimetry, at the terrain surface using 3D Least-Squares Collocation with planar logarithmic covariance function (Forsberg, 1987). The resulting 1'x1' grid was converted to a residual quasi-geoid by spherical FFT, using a Wong-Gore modified Stokes kernel, with a low-wavelength cut-off transition band at harmonic degrees 180-190, to keep the GOCE information unchanged up to this degree. Residual terrain effects and the XGM2016 contribution were restored to obtain the final gravimetric quasi-geoid. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.1 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 55
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    The DTU geoid based on spherical FFT with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTWG-DTU2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-25
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTWG-DTU2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Copenhagen. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 250°E ≤ longitude ≤ 258°E, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation was performed by the GRAVSOFT package in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure. XGM2016 was used up to degree and order 360 as global gravity model, and SRTM v4.1 was used for the residual terrain reductions at 3″ resolution for both airborne and terrestrial data, computed from a 9″ mean model. The linear Prey term approximation was applied for the harmonic correction of surface gravity points below the mean elevation surface (Forsberg and Tscherning, 1981). The reduced airborne gravity data were downward continued and gridded, together with surface gravimetry, at the terrain surface using 3D Least-Squares Collocation with planar logarithmic covariance function (Forsberg, 1987). The resulting 1'x1' grid was converted to a residual quasi-geoid by spherical FFT, using a Wong-Gore modified Stokes kernel, with a low-wavelength cut-off transition band at harmonic degrees 180-190, to keep the GOCE information unchanged up to this degree. Residual terrain effects and the XGM2016 contribution were restored to obtain the final gravimetric quasi-geoid, and the geoid was obtained by adding the classical separation term (Heiskanen and Moritz, 1967). The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.7 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 56
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    CCAFS-CMIP5 Delta Method Downscaling for monthly averages and bioclimatic indices of four RCPs (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-26
    Description: We developed a global dataset of downscaled future projections developed by applying a statistical method for climate model downscaling and bias correction. To develop the dataset, we applied the delta method, which comprises the sum of interpolated anomalies of each GCM to the WorldClim 1-km spatial resolution dataset. The GCMs were the 35 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models, for four representative concentrations pathways (RCPs). For each of these, we used the 30-year future periods named as 2030s (mean of 2020-2049), 2050s (2040-2069), 2070s (2060-2089) and 2080s (2070-2099) with three climate variables (mean monthly maximum and minimum temperatures and monthly rainfall). From these, we also derive a set of bioclimatic indices.
    Type: experiment
    Format: ESRIarcinfoGrid.ascii.zip
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  • 57
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    The GSI-DTU quasi-geoid based on the UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme for the Colorado Experiment: ColUNBSH-GSI2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-27
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColUNBSH-GSI2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) in cooperation with the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109°W ≤ longitude ≤ 103°W, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Terrestrial and airborne gravity data are combined and gridded by least-squares collocation with the planar logarithmic covariance model. The resulting grid of free-air gravity anomalies is converted into Helmert gravity anomalies by applying the spherical topographic reduction and the analytical downward continuation with Helmert's second method of condensation. The computation method is based on the remove-compute-restore technique, using XGM2016 up to degree and order 719 as the reference global gravity model. In particular, the geoid model is computed by Stokes integration of residual Helmert gravity anomalies with the hybrid Meissl-Molodensky modified spheroidal Stokes kernel (UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme). Finally, the quasi-geoid model is obtained by subtracting the classical geoid/quasi-geoid separation term from the geoid model. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.9 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; UNB Stokes-Helmert scheme ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 58
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    The NGS geoid based on the spherical harmonic analysis scheme with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColSHAWG-NGS2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSHAWG-NGS2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the US National Geodetic Survey (NGS). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation method is based on the spherical harmonic analysis scheme. The airborne gravity data are combined with the reference model xGEOID17RefB to produce an enhanced reference spherical harmonic model. This model is then used in a remove-compute-restore procedure, computing residual height anomalies from terrestrial gravity data by using the Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel (truncation degree equal to 980), also including the g1 term because of rugged mountains. Finally, the geoid undulations are obtained by adding the geoid/quasi-geoid separation term (based on the simple Bouguer anomalies) to the computed height anomalies. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.3 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spherical harmonic analysis scheme ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 59
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    The NGS quasi-geoid based on the spherical harmonic analysis scheme with Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColSHAWG-NGS2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColSHAWG-NGS2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the US National Geodetic Survey (NGS). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation method is based on the spherical harmonic analysis scheme. The airborne gravity data are combined with the reference model xGEOID17RefB to produce an enhanced reference spherical harmonic model. This model is then used in a remove-compute-restore procedure, computing residual height anomalies from terrestrial gravity data by using the Wong-Gore modification of the Stokes kernel (truncation degree equal to 980), also including the g1 term because of rugged mountains. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.3 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Spherical harmonic analysis scheme ; Wong-Gore Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 60
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    The geometric geoid of Guayaquil Canton: GEOID-GUAYAQUIL2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The GEOID-GUAYAQUIL2021 model for the rural area of the Guayaquil Canton in Ecuador was calculated by the Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador. It is based on a non-conventional technique, such as Cokriging (Goovaerts, 1997), through the combination of GPS data/differential leveling and a densely sampled auxiliary variable. The GPS satellite positioning was performed using the Static Differential method through dual-frequency receivers in each point; regarding the level heights they were obtained by second-level differential leveling. The geoid undulation from the EGM2008 model with spatial resolutions of 1 arc min was proposed as an auxiliary variable for the interpolation of geodetic undulation in combination with dispersed GPS data (Odera and Fukuda, 2015). Ordinary, Residual and Universal Cokriging and Kriging techniques were used and their results were compared to select the best for achieving accuracy. In particular, a “split-off” validation was performed by excluding a subset of data, repeating the processing, and then comparing the results with the one obtained with the full dataset. This validation yielded that the solution based on Universal Cokriging was the most accurate with an RMSE of 8 cm and RSR of 0.0282, obtained just with 66 samples (20% of the dataset). This model is presented as a practical alternative for obtaining level heights for various geoscience applications. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Universal Cokriging ; Guayaquil Canton ; Ecuador ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 61
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    HBM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of high resolution atmospheric nitrogen deposition by CMAQ (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed for the year 2012 covering the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Only data for the western Baltic Sea are provided here. The model output has been validated in Neumann et al. (2018a, doi: 10.5194/os-2018-71). The work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI, FKZ 50EW1601, https://www.io-warnemuende.de/meramo-en.html). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A). The model simulation was forced by operational meteorological data of the German Weather Service (DWD). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of high spatial resolution of 4x4 km2 were provided by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht within the EU BONUS SHEBA Project (Karl et al., 2019, doi: 10.5194/acp-2018-1317). Information on the riverine inputs, boundary conditions, and the model itself are provided in detail in Neumann et al. (2018b, doi: 10.5194/bg-2018-364). Nitrogen from atmospheric deposition of shipping-related nitrogen has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, 10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all nitrogen-containing model variables exist twice in the output: once as regular variables and once as nitrogen content from shipping-related activities. The concentrations of all prognostic biogeochemical model variables are given in nitrogen units according to the Redfield ratio.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 62
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    HBM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of medium resolution atmospheric nitrogen deposition by CMAQ (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed for the year 2012 covering the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Only data for the western Baltic Sea are provided here. The model output has been validated in Neumann et al. (2018a, doi: 10.5194/os-2018-71). The work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI, FKZ 50EW1601, https://www.io-warnemuende.de/meramo-en.html). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A). The model simulation was forced by operational meteorological data of the German Weather Service (DWD). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of medium spatial resolution of 16x16 km2 were provided by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht within the EU BONUS SHEBA Project (Karl et al., 2019, doi: 10.5194/acp-2018-1317). Information on the riverine inputs, boundary conditions, and the model itself are provided in detail in Neumann et al. (2018b, doi: 10.5194/bg-2018-364). Nitrogen from atmospheric deposition of shipping-related nitrogen, agricultural-related nitrogen, and total nitrogen has been tagged in the model simulation according to a method by Menésguen et al. (2006, 10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0591). Therefore, all nitrogen-containing model variables exist four times in the output: once as regular variables and once per tagged nitrogen source (total, shipping-related, agricultural-related). The concentrations of all prognostic biogeochemical model variables are given in nitrogen units according to the Redfield ratio.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 63
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    HBM-ERGOM western Baltic Sea simulations with tagging of atmospheric nitrogen deposition by EMEP (2019)
    WDCC
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: A marine physical biogeochemical model simulation was performed for the year 2012 covering the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Only data for the western Baltic Sea are provided here. The model output has been validated in Neumann et al. (2018a, doi: 10.5194/os-2018-71). The work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI, FKZ 50EW1601, https://www.io-warnemuende.de/meramo-en.html). The simulation was performed at the North-German Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN, project id: mvk00054, zulassung.hlrn.de/kurzbeschreibungen/mvk00054.pdf). The model output data were processed and evaluated on servers provided by the project 'PROSO - Prozesse von Spurenstoffen in der Ostsee' (FKZ 03F0779A). The model simulation was forced by operational meteorological data of the German Weather Service (DWD). Atmospheric nitrogen deposition data of 50x50 km2 spatial resolution were taken from the 2016 reporting of the European Measurement and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) as presented in EMEP (2016, url: http://emep.int/publ/reports/2016/EMEP_Status_Report_1_2016.pdf) and available from the Norwegian Meteorological Institute (2016, http://thredds.met.no/thredds/catalog/data/EMEP/2016_Reporting/catalog.html). Information on the riverine inputs, boundary conditions, and the model itself are provided in detail in Neumann et al. (2018b, doi: 10.5194/bg-2018-364). The concentrations of all prognostic biogeochemical model variables are given in nitrogen units according to the Redfield ratio.
    Type: experiment
    Format: NetCDF
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  • 64
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    A 100 3-component sensor deployment to monitor the 2018 EGS stimulation in Espoo/Helsinki, southern Finland - Datasets (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-13
    Description: Abstract
    Description: A seismic network was installed in the Helsinki capital area of Finland to monitor the response to a 6 km deep geothermal stimulation experiment in 2018. The Institute of Seismology, University of Helsinki (ISUH), installed these 100 geophones in addition to five surface broadband sensors and a 13-site borehole network deployed by the operating company. The stations operated for 106 days between 7 May and 20 August 2018 (day 127 to 232). The data set consists of raw CUBE-recorder data and converted MSEED data.
    Keywords: enhanced geothermal system ; induced seismicity ; array of arrays ; monitoring ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS ; geology ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; 201802 ; Otaniemi Reservoir stimulation (ORS)
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , temporary seismological network
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  • 65
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    GRACE-FO Geopotential GAD Coefficients GFZ RL06 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-07
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Spherical harmonic coefficients that are zero over the continents, and provide the anomalous simulated ocean bottom pressure that includes non-tidal air and water contributions elsewhere during the specified timespan. These coefficients differ from GLO (or GAC) coefficients over the ocean domain by disregarding upper air density anomalies. The anomalous signals are relative to the mean field from 2003-2014.
    Keywords: Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) ; Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) ; Level-2 ; SHM ; Spherical Harmonic Model ; Gravitational Field ; GSM ; Geopotential ; Gravity Field ; Mass ; Mass Transport ; Total Water Storage ; Time Variable Gravity ; Mass Balance ; Gravity Anomaly ; Satellite Geodesy ; Ocean ; Ocean Bottom Pressure ; AOD ; Atmosphere ; Non-tidal Atmosphere ; Dealiasing Product ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
    Format: application/octet-stream
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    The CGS geoid based on FFT with degree-banded modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTDB-CGS2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTDB-CGS2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Canadian Geodetic Survey (CGS), Natural Resources Canada. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 110°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102°W, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The solution is based on the Stokes-Helmert method, which is used with the degree-banded Stokes kernel modification (Huang and Véronneau, 2013). A band-wise spectral scheme is developed to combine the global model, airborne and surface gravity data, contributing to low-, medium- and high-degree bands of the geoid, respectively. In particular, the global gravity model provides entirely the low-degree band up to degree 150 from where it goes into transition with the surface gravity data up to degree 210. The surface gravity data complete the geoid frequencies up to degree 10800 with complement information from SRTM 3″ digital terrain model. As for the GRAV-D airborne gravity data, they provide corrective values directly to the geoid model, contributing between degrees 210 and 790 with smooth transition at each end. The geoid computation is performed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) numerical integration. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 2.0 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Degree-banded Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 67
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    The CGS quasi-geoid based on FFT with degree-banded modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTDB-CGS2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColFFTDB-CGS2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Canadian Geodetic Survey (CGS), Natural Resources Canada. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 110°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102°W, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The solution is based on the Stokes-Helmert method, which is used with the degree-banded Stokes kernel modification (Huang and Véronneau, 2013). A band-wise spectral scheme is developed to combine the global model, airborne and surface gravity data, contributing to low-, medium- and high-degree bands of the geoid, respectively. In particular, the global gravity model provides entirely the low-degree band up to degree 150 from where it goes into transition with the surface gravity data up to degree 210. The surface gravity data complete the geoid frequencies up to degree 10800 with complement information from SRTM 3″ digital terrain model. As for the GRAV-D airborne gravity data, they provide corrective values directly to the geoid model, contributing between degrees 210 and 790 with smooth transition at each end. The geoid computation is performed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) numerical integration and then the quasi-geoid model is obtained by adding a classic geoid to quasi-geoid correction grid. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 1.8 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Fast Fourier Transform ; Degree-banded Stokes kernel modification ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 68
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    Dataset for the influence of water content and temperature on electrification in rapid decompression experiments (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data publication provides data from 42 experiments from 2018 and 2019 in the Fragmentation Lab at the Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (Germany). The experiments were taken out to analyse the influence of the water content and the initial temperature of the pre-experimental sample on the produced electrification in rapid decompression, shock-tube experiments. All samples used in this study are 90-300 μm loose ash samples from the lower Laacher See unit.To carry out this study, we have built up on previous studies by Cimarelli et al. (2014) and Gaudin & Cimarelli (2019b, dataset to be found in Gaudin & Cimarelli, 2019a). A sample of loose ash gets placed in an autoclave. In our study, we have added water in some experiments. Also, a furnace was often used to heat the sample to up to 320 °C. After both water addition and heating, the autoclave gets pressurized using argon gas. Once a target pressure of 9 MPa is reached, the experiment gets triggered by rupturing metal diaphragms, which rapid decompresses the sample and ejects it into a collector tank. This collector tank is made out of steel and electrically insulated from its surrounding, thus working as a Faraday cage (FC), which is able to detect the net charge within at any point during the experiment. We detect discharges on that net charge up to 10 ms after the ejection of the particles.This dataset contains:- an overview .xlsx file (ExperimentOverview) containing key information for the 42 experiments used for analysis in this study- raw .csv files for all experiments- .pdf files showing the key elements of the analysed experiments, incl. data from Faraday cage and pressure sensorsFor more information please refer to the data description and the associated publication (Stern et al., 2019).
    Keywords: ash ; electric charge ; Faraday cage ; water ; temperature ; shock-tube ; jet ; rapid decompression ; EPOS ; rock and melt physical properties ; multi-scale laboratories ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOLOGICAL ADVISORIES 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 WEATHER/CLIMATE ADVISORIES 〉 DUST/ASH ADVISORIES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY 〉 ERUPTION DYNAMICS 〉 VOLCANIC EXPLOSIVITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY 〉 ERUPTION DYNAMICS 〉 ASH/DUST DISPERSION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 NATURAL HAZARDS 〉 VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 ATMOSPHERE 〉 ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY 〉 LIGHTNING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 ATMOSPHERE 〉 ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA 〉 LIGHTNING ; phonolilte ; ash_and_lapilli
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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  • 69
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    Temporary passive seismic data acquired at Rittershoffen geothermal field Alsace, France, 2013-2014 (TOPASE) - Datasets (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-28
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This report describes the passive seismic data acquired by the TOPASE network deployed over Rittershoffen geothermal field (Alsace, France). The monitoring period extends from March 2013 to November 2014, which includes the stimulation of the first well of the doublet, the drilling of the second well and well tests. These data were acquired using 31 Earth Data Loggers PR6-24 and MARK-SERCEL L-4C-3D 1 Hz seismometers of the Geophysical Instrument Pool Potsdam (GIPP), which were provided to the KIT-AGW-Geothermal research division.
    Keywords: geothermics ; enhanced geothermal system ; Rittershoffen ; Upper Rhine Graben ; induced seismicity
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , temporary seismological network
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  • 70
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    Mineral reflectance spectra and chemistry of 29 rare earth-bearing minerals and rare earth oxide powders including niobium- and tantalum-oxide powder (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The data set contains mineral chemical analyses of 32 rare earth element (REE) -bearing minerals (REMin) and rare-earth oxides (REO) and their corresponding hyperspectral spectra. The hyperspectral data was acquired with the HySpex system in a range of 400 – 2500 nm and is presented in a spectral library. The resulting reflectance data are scaled from 0 - 10000. The two Rare Earth Element (REE) libraries consist of the spectra of 16 rare earth oxides powders (REO) and 14 REE-bearing minerals (REMin). In addition, it contains the spectra of niobium- and tantalum oxide, two elements technically not part of the REEs. The spectral library presented here is part of a bigger collection of spectral libraries including copper-bearing surface samples from Apliki copper-gold-pyrite mine (Koerting et al., 2019a, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.005) and copper-bearing minerals (Koellner et al., 2019, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.003). These libraries aim to give a spectral overview of important resources and ore mineralization.
    Description: Other
    Description: Version 2.0 (21 December 2020): completely restructured Technical Report and data files according to the review recommendations of the related article in Earth System Science Data (ESSD). Details: • New title of the data publication • Spectral library "GFZ_HySpex_REMin" -〉 typo correction of the spectral names in the ENVI-standard + .hdr file and the .txt file • addition of spectra names in the table that lists the sample info • reorganisation of the sample certificates table
    Keywords: rare earth minerals ; spectral library ; rare earth oxides ; hyperspectral ; geochemical analyses ; X-Ray Fluorescence ; XRF ; Electron microprobe analyser ; EMPA ; Earth Remote Sensing Instruments 〉 Passive Remote Sensing 〉 Spectrometers/Radiometers 〉 Imaging Spectrometers/Radiometers ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES 〉 CHEMICAL WEATHERING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 METALS 〉 METALS PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 MINERALS 〉 MINERAL PHYSICAL/OPTICAL PROPERTIES
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    Seismic Recordings for SMARTIE1: Seismic Monitoring And Research of Wind Turbine Induced Emissions 1 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: SMARTIE1 is a joint seismological experiment of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and the Leipzig University. We installed in total 36 seismic stations as ring-like and profile-like measurements near to a single wind turbine (WT) at the Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT) in Pfinztal, SW Germany, for 21 days. The main goals of this project are a better understanding of a single WT as a seismic source and the development of propagation models for the WT-induced seismic signals, depending on the geological properties. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code X8 (under CC-BY 4.0 license according to GIPP-rules), and are embargoed until Jan 2020.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; induced seismic signals ; wind turbine ; Monitoring system ; Seismological stations ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
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    Seismic sensing of hydraulic and sediment transport patterns below frozen subarctic river (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Our understanding of the effects of ice on channel morphodynamics and bedload transport in northern rivers, frozen for several months, are hindered by the difficulties of ‘seeing’ through the ice. We use continuous seismic records of a small network at the Sävar River in northern Sweden to interpret processes and quantify water and sediment fluxes. We apply a seismic inversion approach to determine seasonal differences in hydraulics and bedload sediment transport under ice-covered vs. open-channel flow conditions and provide a first-order estimation of sediment flux in that Fennoscandian river. Analysis of seismic signals of ice-cracking support our visual interpretation of ice break-up timing and the main ice break-up mechanism as thermal rather than mechanical. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 8E, and are available under CC-BY 4.0 license.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~100G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 73
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    Data supplement to: A high-resolution geomagnetic relative paleointensity record from the Arctic Ocean deep water gateway deposits during the last 60 ky (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data publication includes the paleomagnetic and rock magnetic dataset from two Calypso giant piston cores collected at the crest of the Bellsund (GS191-01PC) and Isfjorden (GS191-02PC) sediment drifts during the Eurofleets-2 PREPARED cruise, on board the R/V G.O. Sars (Lucchi et al., 2014). These sediments drift are located on the eastern side of the Fram Strait (western Spitsbergen margin).The dataset gave the opportunity to define the behavior of past geomagnetic field at high latitude and to constrain the palaeoclimatic events that occurred in a time framework spanning Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 to Holocene (Caricchi et al., in press). The data are provided as raw data in .dat format and interpreted data in .xlx and tab-delimited text formats. The raw data files can be opened using a text-editor, MS Excel or equivalent software.The interpreted data are presented as a metadata table with definitions of the column heads and 5 individual tables with the content:- Metadata: definition of columns heads- Rock Magnetic-Paleomag Data 01: down-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); ARM/k (A/m); MDF (mT); ΔGRM/ΔNRM; NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°); Decl PCA (°)] for Core GS191-01PC- Rock Magnetic-Paleomag Data 02: down core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic data [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); ARM/k (A/m); MDF (mT); ΔGRM/ΔNRM; NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°) Decl PCA (°)] for Core GS191-02PC- Cores Correlation: Depth of Core GS191-02PC and depth of Core GS191-02PC correlated to Core GS191-01PC, NRM (A/m); ARM(A/m) and RPI down-core variations for core GS191-02PC; Depth of Core GS191-01PC NRM (A/m); ARM(A/m) and RPI down-core variations for core GS191-01PC; tie points values.- Age Model 01: age model for Core GS191-01PC- Age Model 02: age model for Core GS191-01PC
    Description: Methods
    Description: Raw data were measured at the paleomagnetic laboratory of INGV and have been analysed by DAIE software (Sagnotti, 2013). The obtained along-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic trends have been integrated with the distribution of characteristic lithofacies and the 14C ages in order to define high-resolution correlation between the cores. Core to core correlation has been computed by means of StratFit software (Sagnotti and Caricchi, 2018). The correlation process is based on the Excel forecast function and linear regression between subsequent couples of selected tie-points. This process results in the estimate of the equivalent depth of the correlated curve (core GS191-02 PC) into the depth scale of the “master” curve (GS191-01PC). Using the same method and taking into account the constraints provided by the calibrated radiocarbon ages and the litostratigraphic information, PREPARED cores have been compared to RPI and inclination variations expected at the core sites according to global geomagnetic field models (SHA.DIF.14k of Pavón-Carrasco et al., 2014; GGF.110k of Panovska et al., 2018).
    Keywords: Paleomagnetism ; Paleosecular variation ; Fram Strait ; Contourite drifts ; Svalbard Archipelago ; Environmental magnetism ; Sedimentary Cores ; Paleomagnetic data ; Rock magnetism ; EPOS ; European Plate Observing System ; multi-scale laboratories ; paleomagnetic and magnetic data ; paleomagnetic data ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 PALEOMAGNETIC DATA ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 SEDIMENTS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 PALEOCLIMATE 〉 OCEAN/LAKE RECORDS 〉 STRATIGRAPHIC SEQUENCE ; compound material 〉 sedimentary material ; compound material 〉 sedimentary material ; Phanerozoic 〉 Cenozoic 〉 Quaternary ; Phanerozoic 〉 Cenozoic 〉 Quaternary ; Submarine ; Submarine ; Core ; Core ; magnetic suzeptibility 〉 bulk ; remanent magnetisation 〉 demagnetisation type AF
    Type: Dataset
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    The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series (1850-2017) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This is an updated version of Gütschow et al. (2019, http://doi.org/10.5880/pik.2019.001). Please use this version which incorporates updates to input data as well as correction of errors in the original dataset and its previous updates. For a detailed description of the changes please consult the CHANGELOG included in the data description document.The PRIMAP-hist dataset combines several published datasets to create a comprehensive set of greenhouse gas emission pathways for every country and Kyoto gas covering the years 1850 to 2017, and all UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) member states, as well as most non-UNFCCC territories. The data resolves the main IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2006 categories. For CO2, CH4, and N2O subsector data for Energy, Industrial Processes and Agriculture is available. Version 2.1 of the PRIMAP-hist dataset does not include emissions from Land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF).List of datasets included in this data publication:(1) PRIMAP-hist_v2.1_09-Nov-2019.csv: With numerical extrapolation of all time series to 2017. (only in .zip folder)(2) PRIMAP-hist_no_extrapolation_v2.1_09-Nov-2019.csv: Without numerical extrapolation of missing values. (only in .zip folder)(3) PRIMAP-hist_v2.1_data-format-description: including CHANGELOG(4) PRIMAP-hist_v2.1_updated_figures: updated figures of those published in Gütschow et al. (2016)(all files are also included in the .zip folder)When using this dataset or one of its updates, please also cite the data description article (Gütschow et al., 2016, http://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-571-2016) to which this data are supplement to. Please consider also citing the relevant original sources.SOURCES:- Global CO2 emissions from cement production v4: Andrew (2019)- BP Statistical Review of World Energy: BP (2019)- CDIAC: Boden et al. (2017)- EDGAR version 4.3.2: JRC and PBL (2017), Janssens-Maenhout et al. (2017)- EDGAR versions 4.2 and 4.2 FT2010: JRC and PBL (2011), Olivier and Janssens-Maenhout (2012)- EDGAR-HYDE 1.4: Van Aardenne et al. (2001), Olivier and Berdowski (2001)- FAOSTAT database: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2019)- RCP historical data: Meinshausen et al. (2011)- UNFCCC National Communications and National Inventory Reports for developing countries: UNFCCC (2019)- UNFCCC Biennal Update Reports: UNFCCC (2019)- UNFCCC Common Reporting Format (CRF): UNFCCC (2018), UNFCCC (2019), Jeffery et al. (2018)Full references are available in the data description document.
    Description: Methods
    Description: Country resolved data are combined from different sources using the PRIMAP emissions module (Nabel et. al., 2011). They are supplemented with growth rates from regionally resolved sources and numerical extrapolations.
    Keywords: greenhouse gas emissions ; historical emissions ; emissions time series ; composite source ; national emissions ; climate change ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 MODELS 〉 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC MODELS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 〉 INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 〉 FOSSIL FUEL BURNING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 ATMOSPHERE 〉 ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY 〉 TRACE GASES/TRACE SPECIES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 HUMAN DIMENSIONS ; environmental policy
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
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    GFZ GravIS RL06 Ice-Mass Change Products (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Version History:09 June 2020:Release of Version 0002. This is an update of Version 0001 of the same data set. All changes and updates are documented in the changelog available via the data download section. Previously released versions of this data set are available at ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace/GravIS/GFZ/Level-3/ICE/old_versions---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GRACE/GRACE-FO Level-3 products representing ice-mass changes for the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) and the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). The ice-mass changes are provided both as basin average product and as gridded product.Basin-average ice-mass changes are obtained using the inversion procedure based on a forward modelling approach as described in Sasgen et al. (2013) for the AIS and Sasgen et al. (2012) for the GIS.Gridded ice-mass changes are provided at polar-stereographic grids with a grid spacing of 50 x 50 km^2. The applied algorithm is based on tailored sensitivity kernels (Groh & Horwath, 2016), and has also been used to generate gravimetric mass balance products within the ESA Climate Change Initiative (CCI) projects for the AIS and the GIS.These Level-3 products are visualized at GFZ's web portal GravIS (http://gravis.gfz-potsdam.de).Link to data products: ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace/GravIS/GFZ/Level-3/ICE
    Keywords: Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) ; GRACE Follow-on (GRACE-FO) ; Level-3 ; Mass ; Mass Transport ; Ice-mass Change ; Time Variable Gravity ; Antarctic Mass Balance ; Greenland Mass Balance ; Sea-level Change ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder 〉 GRACE
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    GRACE-FO Geopotential GSM Coefficients GFZ RL06 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Spherical harmonic coefficients representing an estimate of Earth's mean gravity field during the specified timespan derived from GRACE-FO mission measurements. These coefficients represent the full magnitude of land hydrology, ice, and solid Earth processes. Further, they represent atmospheric and oceanic processes not captured in the accompanying GAC product.
    Keywords: Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) ; Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) ; Level-2 ; SHM ; Spherical Harmonic Model ; Gravitational Field ; GSM ; Geopotential ; Gravity Field ; Mass ; Mass Transport ; Total Water Storage ; Time Variable Gravity ; Mass Balance ; Gravity Anomaly ; Satellite Geodesy ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 3 Files
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  • 77
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    Post-processed GRACE/GRACE-FO Geopotential GSM Coefficients GFZ RL06 (Level-2B Product) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Version History:09 June 2020:Release of Version 0002. This is an update of Version 0001 of the same data set. All changes and updates are documented in the changelog available via the data download section. Previously released versions of this data set are available at ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace/GravIS/GFZ/Level-2B/old_versions---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Post-processed GRACE/GRACE-FO spherical harmonic coefficients of GFZ RL06 Level-2 GSM products representing an estimate of Earth's gravity field variations during the specified timespan. Post-processing steps comprise: (1) subtraction of a long-term mean field; (2) optionally, decorrelation and smoothing with VDK filter (anisotropic filter taking the actual error covariance information of the underlying GSM coefficients into account, see Horvath et al. (2018)); (3) replacement of coefficients C20, C30 (only for the months starting from 2016/11 and later), C21 and S21 and its formal standard deviations by values estimated from a combination of GRACE/GRACE-FO and Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR); (4) subtraction of linear trend caused by Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) as provided by a numerical model; (5) insertion of geocenter coefficients (C10, C11, S11); and (6) removal of estimated aliased signal of the S2 tide (161 days period). These coefficients represent signals caused by water mass redistribution over the continents and in the oceans.These post-processed GRACE/GRACE-FO GSM products are denoted as Level-2B products.There are multiple variants of Level-2B products available that differ by the characteristics of the anisotropic filter applied. These variants are distinguishable by the following strings in the product file names:- 'NFIL': Level-2B product is not filtered- 'VDK1': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK1- 'VDK2': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK2- 'VDK3': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK3- 'VDK4': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK4- 'VDK5': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK5- 'VDK6': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK6- 'VDK7': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK7- 'VDK8': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK8The individual auxiliary data sets and models used during the post-processing steps mentioned above are provided as well (in the aux_data folder):- 'GRAVIS-2B_2002095-2020091_GFZOP_0600_NFIL_0002.gz': Long-term mean field calculated as unweighted average of the 183 available GFZ RL06 GSM products in the period from 2002/04 up to and including 2020/03.- 'GRAVIS-2B_GFZOP_GRACE+SLR_LOW_DEGREES_0002.dat': time series of coefficients C20, C30, C21 and S21 estimated from a combination of GRACE/GRACE-FO and SLR- 'GRAVIS-2B_GIA_ICE-6G_D_VM5a_0002.gz': Model from Peltier et al. (2018) for subtraction of linear trend caused by GIA- 'GRAVIS-2B_GFZOP_GEOCENTER_0002.dat': Time series with geocenter coefficients estimated from GFZ RL06Further information about the Level-2B products and the auxiliary data is provided in the header of the corresponding data files.
    Keywords: Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) ; GRACE Follow-on (GRACE-FO) ; Level-2 ; Level-2B ; SHM ; Spherical Harmonic Model ; Gravitational Field ; GSM ; Geopotential ; Gravity Field ; Mass ; Mass Transport ; Total Water Storage ; Time Variable Gravity ; Mass Balance ; Gravity Anomaly ; Satellite Geodesy ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder 〉 GRACE
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 78
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    GFZ GravIS RL06 Ocean Bottom Pressure Anomalies (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Version History:09 June 2020: Release of Version 0002. This is an update of Version 0001 of the same data set. All changes and updates are documented in the changelog available via the data download section. Previously released versions of this data set are available at ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace/GravIS/GFZ/Level-3/OBP/old_versions---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GRACE/GRACE-FO Level-3 product based on GFZ RL06 Level-2B products (Dahle & Murböck, 2019) representing Ocean Bottom Pressure (OBP) variations provided at 1° latitude-longitude grids as defined over ocean areas. The OBP grids are provided in NetCDF format divided into yearly batches. The files each contain seven different variables:1) 'barslv': gravity-based barystatic sea-level pressure2) 'std_barslv': gravity-based barystatic sea-level pressure uncertainties3) 'resobp': gravity-based residual ocean circulation pressure resobp4) 'std_resobp': gravity-based residual ocean circulation pressure uncertainties5) 'leakage': apparent gravity-based bottom pressure due to continental leakage6) 'model_ocean': background-model ocean circulation pressure7) 'model_atmosphere': background-model atmospheric surface pressureThese Level-3 products are visualized at GFZ's web portal GravIS (http://gravis.gfz-potsdam.de). Link to data products: ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace/GravIS/GFZ/Level-3/OBP
    Keywords: Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) ; GRACE Follow-on (GRACE-FO) ; Level-3 ; Mass ; Mass Transport ; Ocean Bottom Pressure ; Time Variable Gravity ; Mass Balance ; Satellite Geodesy ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder 〉 GRACE
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 79
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    GFZ GravIS RL06 Continental Water Storage Anomalies (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Version History:9 June 2020:Release of Version 0002. This is an update of Version 0001 of the same data set. All changes and updates are documented in the changelog available via the data download section. Previously released versions of this data set are available at ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace/GravIS/GFZ/Level-3/TWS/old_versions.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GRACE/GRACE-FO Level-3 product based on GFZ RL06 Level-2B products (Dahle & Murböck, 2019) representing Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) anomalies provided at 1° latitude-longitude grids as defined over all continental regions except Greenland and Antarctica. The TWS anomaly grids are provided in NetCDF format divided into yearly batches. The files each contain four different variables:1) 'tws': gravity-based TWS2) 'std_tws': gravity-based TWS uncertainties3) 'leakage': spatial leakage contained in TWS4) 'model_atmosphere': background model atmospheric massThese Level-3 products are visualized at GFZ's web portal GravIS (http://gravis.gfz-potsdam.de). Link to data products: ftp://isdcftp.gfz-potsdam.de/grace/GravIS/GFZ/Level-3/TWS
    Keywords: Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) ; GRACE Follow-on (GRACE-FO) ; Level-3 ; Mass ; Mass Transport ; Total Water Storage ; Time Variable Gravity ; Mass Balance ; Satellite Geodesy ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD ; Earth Observation Satellites 〉 NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder 〉 GRACE
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 80
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    Geochemical and isotope data on rock weathering, and nutrient balances during fast forest floor turnover in montane, temperate forest ecosystems (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The data herein were used to assess the importance of geogenic-derived nutrients on long-term forest ecosystem nutrition in two mountainous temperate forest ecosystems in southern Germany (Conventwald/Black Forest and Mitterfels/Bavarian Forest). Presented are element concentrations of various forest ecosystem compartments along with the soil pH, chemical depletion fractions (CDF), mass transfer coefficients (τ_(X_i)^X), radiogenic Sr isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr) of soil and saprolite as well as in situ 10Be concentrations of bedload sediment.Element concentrations measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) are provided for drilling core samples (depth: 20 m, site Conventwald (CON), and 30 m, site Mitterfels (MIT)) including unweathered parent bedrock (paragneiss) and regolith comprising soil, saprolite and weathered bedrock but also for bedload sediment. Element concentrations were also measured by ICP-OES to determine the element composition of the soil´s and saprolite´s water-soluble, easily exchangeable, carbonate and organic-bound fraction. In addition, ICP-OES derived element concentrations are reported for plant tissues such as needles, leaves, and stem wood comprising heartwood (dead part of wood) and sapwood (living part of wood) of the two tree species European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Norway spruce (Picea abies).Along with the chemical composition of soil and saprolite calculated weathering indices such as the chemical depletion fraction (CDF) and the mass transfer coefficient (τ_(X_i)^X) are reported for regolith and bedrock. Further, the dataset contains phosphorus (P) concentrations measured by ICP-OES and UV spectrometry from various P fractions obtained by sequential extractions following the Hedley fractionation method. Additionally, the pH of soil and saprolite measured by a pH meter as well as the radiogenic Sr isotope ratio, namely 87Sr/86Sr measured by MC-ICP-MS for bulk bedrock and regolith are reported in the dataset. Finally, to estimate the landscapes lowering rate (total denudation) in situ 10Be concentrations were measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) on bedload sediment at the outlet of the catchment.The data presented here stem from sampling campaigns described in Uhlig et al. (2019) to which they are supplementary material to. Samples were mainly processed in the Helmholtz Laboratory for the Geochemistry of the Earth Surface (HELGES) and the GFZ section of Inorganic and Isotope Geochemistry (XRF analyses), the University of Bonn (P Hedley fractionation), and the University of Cologne - Centre for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) (10Be measurements).This dataset represents the supplementary material to Uhlig et al. (2019). Tables (including data quality control) supplementary to the article are provided in pdf and xls formats. In addition, data measured in the course of the study is given in machine readable ASCII files. All samples are indexed with an International Geo Sample Number (IGSN). Sample metadata can be viewed by adding the IGSN to the “http://igsn.org/” URL (e.g. igsn.org/GFDUH00LT).
    Keywords: weathering indices ; biological available fraction ; water-soluble fraction ; exchangeable fraction ; organic-bound fraction ; carbonate fraction ; soil pH ; chemical depletion fraction ; mass transfer coefficient ; element concentrations ; weathered rock ; soil ; saprolite ; unweathered parent bedrock ; bedload sediment ; radiogenic strontium isotope ratio ; in situ 10Be ; P Hedley fractionation ; leaves ; needles ; sapwood ; heartwood ; Fagus sylvatica (European beech) ; Picea abies (Norway spruce) ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS 〉 ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS 〉 NUTRIENT CYCLING ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 VEGETATION 〉 PHOSPHORUS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 VEGETATION 〉 NUTRIENTS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS 〉 FORESTS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 〉 ISOTOPE RATIOS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 〉 CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES 〉 DECOMPOSITION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES 〉 MINERAL DISSOLUTION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES 〉 CHEMICAL WEATHERING
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 81
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    Global magnetic observatory data 2014 (2019)
    INTERMAGNET ; Altay-Sayan Branch of Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) ; Bureau Central de Magnétisme Terrestre, BCMT (France) ; [et al.]
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded during 2014 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 24th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted".For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard"..
    Description: Methods
    Description: Geomagnetic data is recorded and quality controlled at the institutions responsible for each observatory. Before becoming a member of INTERMAGNET, institutes must make a detailed submission for each observatory that is to join. This submission is verified by a committee in INTERMAGNET before the observatory is admitted. Only data from INTERMAGNET members is published by INTERMAGNET. Each annual definitive data set is checked for quality by a team of data checkers in INTERMAGNET before the data is admitted to the series for that year.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET) is the global network of observatories, monitoring the Earth's magnetic field. The INTERMAGNET programme exists to establish a global network of cooperating digital magnetic observatories, adopting modern standard specifications for measuring and recording equipment, in order to facilitate data exchange and the production of geomagnetic products in close to real time. INTERMAGNET also coordinates the publication of quality-controlled, definitive geomagnetic data from its affiliated observatories.
    Keywords: definitive data ; INTERMAGNET ; geomagnetism ; magnetism ; observatory ; definitive ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOLOGICAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOMAGNETISM ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 GEOMAGNETIC STATIONS
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
    Format: application/octet-stream
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  • 82
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    EMEC-2014 - The European-Mediterranean Earthquake Catalogue – Version 2014 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-26
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This catalogue is the extended version of “The European-Mediterranean Earthquake Catalogue (EMEC) for the last millennium” (Grünthal and Wahlstrom, 2012, 2012). It is an earthquake catalogue for tectonic events in the area of European Mediterranean, including the Mid-Atlantic ridge down to the Azores, extends in the south to Africa north of the Sahara, in the north to the Arctic Sea, and in the east to the Levant, eastern Turkey, and the Caucasus. This areal coverage gave the name to the catalogue: EMEC—The European-Mediterranea Earthquake Catalogue. It extends the previous version by the years 2007 to 2021 and thus contains tectonic events for the period AD 1000 to 2021 with a uniform magnitude Mw from the threshold of 3.5. The dataset contains 61140 entries.
    Keywords: earthquake catalogue ; magnitude harmonization ; europe ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDE/INTENSITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES 〉 EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCES ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLING 〉 CATALOGING ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLING 〉 DATA DELIVERY ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLING 〉 TRANSFORMATION/CONVERSION
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 83
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    Genes database of Psectrascelis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). (2019)
    CRC1211 Database (CRC1211DB)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-26
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The database contains 90 taxa (3 outgroups and 87 ingroups) and a combined matrix of COI, 16S, and Wg genes (COI=1-1516; 16S=1517-1973; Wg=1974-2460) of Psectrascelis which was used for the phylogenetic analyses in the paper "The colonization of the Puna and Atacama Biogeographic Province by sister clades of Psectrascelis (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): Synchronous expansion without spatial overlap" published in the Journal of Biogeography.
    Keywords: Biota ; Biodiversity ; Evolution ; Biogeography
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: ASCII
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  • 84
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    gfzreport - a Python tool and online text editor for creating any kind of report meeting GFZ requirements in HTML and PDF format (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Preparation of technical reports can be unwieldy. However, a significant proportion of the document structure is often standardised. The GFZ Report Generator is a Python 2.7 application meant to ease this process by (i) automatically generating the standardised figures and tables, (ii) creating a report template pre-filled with this standard content, and which meets the GFZ style requirements, and (iii) providing a browser-based GUI with a text editor where users can add content to the report, generate and inspect the HTML and PDF versions on the fly as they are editing, track changes and revert to previous versions, and easily control the document structure and formatting from within the text by typing special characters in reStructuredText, an easy-to-read, what-you-see-is-what-you-get plaintext markup syntax. The GFZ Report Generator is quite flexible and by the use of tailor-made templates can be adapted easily to other use cases, where part of a document is based on standardised figures and section structure. For example, the software is deployed at GEOFON to generate both seismic network reports and annual reports. For the former, GEOFON also offers an online service (https://geofon.gfz-potsdam.de/waveform/reportgenerator/) where PIs and others can easily generate report templates pre-filled with network-specific content (e.g., probability density functions plots) and available online for editing. In this process, the deployed instance of the GFZ Report Generator proved to be useful for finding some classes of problems with the data and metadata stored at GEOFON.
    Keywords: seismic report generator ; restructured text ; online text editor ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION 〉 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS 〉 WEB-BASED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 DATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLING 〉 DATA DELIVERY ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 METADATA HANDLING 〉 METADATA TRANSFORMATION/CONVERSION ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 WEB SERVICES 〉 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES 〉 GAZETTEER SERVICE
    Type: Software , Software
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  • 85
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    Multi-approach Gravity Field Models from Swarm GPS data (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-01
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Although the knowledge of the gravity of the Earth has improved considerably with CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE satellite missions, the geophysical community has identified the need for the continued monitoring of its time-variable component with the purpose of estimating the hydrological and glaciological yearly cycles and long-term trends. Currently, the GRACE-FO satellites are the sole provider of this data, while previously the GRACE mission collected these data for 15 years. Between the GRACE and GRACE-FO data periods lies a gap spanning from July 2017 to May 2018, while the Swarm satellites have collected gravimetric data with its GPS receivers since December 2013. This project aims at providing high-quality gravity field models from Swarm data that constitute an alternative and independent source of gravimetric data, which could help alleviate the consequences of the 10-month gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO, as well as the short gaps in the existing GRACE and GRACE-FO monthly time series. The geodetic community has realized that the combination of the different gravity field solutions is superior to any individual model. This project exploits this fact and delivers to the highest quality monthly-independent gravity field models, resulting from the combination of 4 different gravity field estimation approaches. All solutions are unconstrained and estimated independently from month to month. Preliminary comparison with GRACE data has demonstrated that the signal in the Swarm gravity field models is restricted to degrees 12-15 and below, while the temporal correlations decrease considerably above degree 10. The 750km smoothed models are suitable to retrieve the global annual temporal variations of Earth's gravity field and the agreement with GRACE over large basins (e.g. Amazon, Congo-Zambezi, Ganges-Brahmaputra) is within 1cm RMS in terms of Equivalent Water Height. The global RMS relative to a bias, trend, an annual and semi-annual model derived from GRACE over deep ocean areas (those roughly 1000km from shorelines) is under 1mm geoid height during periods of low ionospheric activity. More information about this project can be found at https://www.researchgate.net/project/Multi-approach-gravity-field-models-from-Swarm-GPS-data and ESA's Swarm DISC (the Data, Innovation and Science Cluster) Website (https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-eo-missions/swarm/activities/scientific-projects/disc#MAGF). This project is funded by ESA via the Swarm DISC, Sub-Contract No. SW-CO-DTU-GS-111.
    Keywords: Swarm Satellites ; Gravity Field ; Mass Transport Processes ; GPS ; Kinematic orbit ; ICGEM ; COST-G ; International Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Field Solutions ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 ATMOSPHERE 〉 ALTITUDE 〉 GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; science 〉 geography 〉 geodesy
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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  • 86
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    The Minia University geoid based on window remove-restore technique for the Colorado Experiment: ColWRRT-Minia2019 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The ColWRRT-Minia2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Civil Engineering Department of Minia University. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the models is 110°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102°W, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The computation is performed by the Window Remove-Restore Technique (WRRT), subtracting the effect of the topographic-isostatic masses of the data window from the reference model to obtain an adapted reference model to be used in the traditional remove-compute-restore procedure. The chosen reference model is xGEOID17RefB, complete to degree and order 2190. The window-reduced gravity anomalies are used to compute the geoid undulations by employing Stokes formula with Meissl modified kernel (with a cap size of 0.5°). The window restore step yields the final geoid. The accuracy of the ColWRRT-Minia2019 model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.0 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
    Keywords: Geodesy ; Geoid model ; ISG ; Window remove-restore technique ; Colorado experiment ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEODETICS 〉 GEOID CHARACTERISTICS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD 〉 GRAVITY
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  • 87
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    Crustal Seismicity along for the Southern Andes Volcanic Zone (LOFS) (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The Liquiñe-Ofqui fault system (LOFS) in south-central Chile provides a natural laboratory to assess the interplay between magma/hydrothermal fluid flow and crustal deformation. Understanding these processes is of paramount importance for geothermal energy exploration and seismic hazard assessment. We deployed a dense seismic network (Sielfeld et al., 2019) at the northern termination of the LOFS in south-central Chile (~38°S) between 2014 March and 2015 June. The main aim was to better understand the significance and implications of seismic activity in relation to geological information such as the complex fault-fracture network, volcanoes, and the stress field estimated from geological data. As a result, the network was designed to monitor the northern segment of the LOFS on a more regional scale rather than concentration on the activity of one volcano. The network covered a ~200‐km‐long section of the Southern Volcanic Zone, including several Holocene stratovolcanoes (Callaqui, Copahue, Caviahue Caldera, Tolhuaca, Lonquimay, Llaima, Sierra Nevada, Sollipulli, Villarrica, Quetrupillán, Lanín (La), and Mocho‐Choshuenco). Waveform data are open and available under network code 3H from the GEOFON data centre under license CC BY 4.0.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; LOFZ ; LOFS ; seismological data ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~650G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 88
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    Monitoring the unrest of ElHierro Island with seismic observations (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The unrest of el Hierro Islands started in 2011 with a submarine volcanic eruption. In order to better characterize unrest of El Hierro Island 9 landstations were installed on the Island of ElHierro (Figure 1) between March 2015 and June 2016. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 2L and are embargoed until Jan 2021.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; ElHierro ; seismological data ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~240G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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  • 89
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    Cliff coast failures on the Jasmund part of Rügen, Germany (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Cliffs line many erosional coastlines. Localized failures can cause land loss and hazard, and impact ecosystems and sediment routing. Links between cliff erosion and forcing mechanisms are poorly constrained, due to limitations of classic approaches. Combining multi-seasonal seismic and drone surveys, wave, precipitation and groundwater data we study drivers and triggers of seismically detected failures along the chalk cliffs on Germany's largest island, Rügen. The network consists of four (later five) seismic stations along the 8.6 km long chalk cliff coast. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 4K, and are embargoed until Jan 2021.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismic monitoring ; temporary local seismic network ; Germany ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 EARTHQUAKES ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 TECTONICS 〉 VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~630G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 90
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    One year of seismic records of an array installed on a taiwanese ridge (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: A line of 6 broadband seismometers have been deployed across a ridge in the Hualien County (Eastern Taiwan). From March 2015 to June 2016 the network has been continuously recording waves incoming from the Taiwanese regional seismicity. During that period, more than 2000 earthquakes with magnitudes Ml〉3 and distant from less than 200km were recorded. The hill is well approximated by a triangular topography of 3600m in length by 900m in height. Waveform data are open and available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 5K.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~240G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 91
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    Multi-scale imaging of the Main Pamir Thrust faults within the framework of CaTeNA project – Climatic and Tectonic Natural Hazards in Central Asia (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We propose to investigate the structure and evolution of the Main Pamir Thrust (MPT) with a high-density seismological array. The MPT, with its surface expression along the east-west trending Alai Valley, marks the northern boundary of the Pamir. The Alai Valley, separating the Pamir and the Tien Shan, constitutes the last vestige of a formerly continuous basin that linked the Tarim and the Tajik Basins. The MPT manifests itself as a place of high seismic activity with frequently occurred disastrous earthquakes. The array is about 50 km long, consisted of 90 three-component geophones (stations G?? and C??) and 10 Trillium-Compact seismometers (stations T??), and equipped with 100 CUBE dataloggers. We will construct a high-resolution receiver function profile to image the MPT and accurately locate the local earthquakes associated with the MPT. Funded by BMBF, within the framework of CaTeNA project – Climatic and Tectonic Natural Hazards in Central Asia. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 7A and are embargoed until Jan 2024.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~240G
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA GFZ
  • 92
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    Dataset of the 6G seismic network at Los Humeros, 2017-2018 (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Extensive passive seismic monitoring was carried out between September 2017 and September 2018 over the Los Humeros geothermal field in Mexico. This experiment, in addition to several geophysical, geological, and geochemical surveys was conducted in the framework of the European H2020 and Mexican CONACyT-SENER project GEMex for a better understanding of the structures and behavior of the local geothermal system currently under exploitation, and for investigating future development areas. 25 broadband stations (22 Trillium C-120s and 3 Trillium C-20 PH) recording at 200 Hz, and 20 short period stations (Mark L-4C-3D) recording at 100 Hz comprised the network which is sub-divided into two sub-networks. An inner and denser (~1.6-2 km inter-station distance) pseudo-rhomboidal array (27 stations) was laid out to cover the producing zone and retrieve local seismicity mainly associated to injection and production operations, and to comply with beamforming of ambient noise and time reverse imaging techniques. An outer and sparser (~5 km minimum spacing) array was placed at around 30 km radius surrounding the inner network, and was mainly dedicated to larger scale imaging techniques, such as seismic ambient noise tomography, and regional earthquakes tomography. The GEMex project is supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme for Research and Innovation under grant agreement No 727550 and the Mexican Energy Sustainability Fund CONACYT-SENER, project 2015-04-68074. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 6G and are embargoed until Jan 2023.
    Keywords: Broadband seismic waveforms ; Seismology ; temporary local seismic experiment ; Monitoring system ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH ; In Situ/Laboratory Instruments 〉 Magnetic/Motion Sensors 〉 Seismometers ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS
    Type: Dataset , Seismic Network
    Format: ~1T
    Format: .mseed
    Format: XML
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    DATA GFZ
  • 93
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    LPJmL-FIT in Europe (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Description: Abstract
    Description: LPJmL-FIT is process- and trait-based vegetation model. It is a subversion of the model LPJmL simulating patches of competing individual trees with flexible functional traits and empirically derived relations between these traits. Trait composition, productivity and stability of a forest are a result of environmental and competitive filtering. A detailed description of LPJmL-FIT (basic features and differences to LPJmL) is given by Sakschewski et al. (Sakschewski et al., 2015, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12870). LPJmL-FIT was originally developed for tropical forests and has been adapted to European forests by Thonicke et al. (2020). The data covers southern and central Europe (29.5°N – 62°N, 11°W – 36°O) on a spatial resolution of 0.5° covering the years 1901-2013. Tree height, leaf and stem traits (specific leaf area, wood density, leaf longevity; aggregated), individual traits of simulated trees, vegetation distribution (foliage projected cover, FPC), vegetation carbon and fire carbon emissions are given on an annual basis. Gross primary productivity is provided monthly. Tree height and leaf and stem traits are biomass weighted. For evaluation of the dataset R- and MATLAB-scripts are provided. An overview and description of all variables are found in the file description.
    Keywords: functional diversity ; functional traits ; trait based modeling ; process-based modeling ; vegetation modeling ; natural forests ; forests ; Europe ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS 〉 COMMUNITY DYNAMICS 〉 BIODIVERSITY FUNCTIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS 〉 COMMUNITY DYNAMICS 〉 COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 VEGETATION 〉 BIOMASS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 VEGETATION 〉 DECIDUOUS VEGETATION ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 BIOSPHERE 〉 VEGETATION 〉 EVERGREEN VEGETATION
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 94
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    GNSS data of the global GFZ tracking network (2019)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-24
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Since the early 1990s, the GFZ has operated a global GNSS station network with currently about 70 stations for precise satellite clock & orbit determination, realization of the terrestrial reference frame, radio occultation measurements or studies on crust dynamics. A subset of these stations contributes also to the tracking networks of the International GNSS Service (IGS) and the EUREF Permanent GNSS Network (EPN). Other stations contribute to GFZ observatories (IPOC, DESERVE, TERENO), to the GPS Atmosphere Sounding Project (GASP), to WMO Global Climate Observing System Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) or to other external cooperations. We offer data of 51 GFZ GNSS stations under this DOI. Nearly all stations are equipped with Javad or Septentrio hardware. Depending on the location and hardware they provide data of GPS (L1 / L2 / L5), GLONASS (L1 / L2 / L3), Galileo (E1 / E5a / E5b / E6), BeiDou (B1 / B2 / B3), QZSS (L1 / L2 / L5 / L6), NAVIC (L5), and SBAS (L1 / L5). The GNSS Station Nework Site (https://isdc.gfz-potsdam.de/gnss-station-network/) provides direct access to the 1s and 30s sampled RINEX data (near real-time, file based) and to real-time streams. Real-time streams are available for stations contributing to the IGS. Raw data GNSS binary raw observations are available upon request. All GFZ Stations follow the site guidelines of the International GNSS Service (https://kb.igs.org/hc/en-us/articles/202011433-Current-IGS-Site-Guidelines) Station specific metadata can be found at our metadata portal SEMISYS. An overview of the list of stations with direct links to the station specific metadata in semisys is available via ftp://datapub.gfz-potsdam.de/download/10.5880.GFZ.1.1.2020.001/2020-001_Ramatschi-et-al_List-of-GFZ-GNSS-Stations-with-links-to-SEMISYS.pdf.
    Description: Methods
    Description: Our GNSS stations are equipped with antenna, receiver, data logger (PC), and communication. For nearly all stations binary GNSS receiver messages are streamed in real time via local internet / GSM / VSAT to the GFZ data center and collected there in 15 minute data files, as it is done on site. After comparing the data files collected at GFZ with the raw messages stored locally, non identical or missing files are send from the site using scp. Data files are then converted to the RINEX (http://acc.igs.org/misc/rinex304.pdf) format using vendor-provided software. Real-time streams are provided by converting the binary message stream into RTCM format using the Alberding EuroNET software. Stations without real-time capabilities transfer binary files only. If no internet connection is available data will be stored locally and transmitted as soon as the connection is re-established.
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 95
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    High resolution depth profile of pH, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen in sediment pore water at the station BY15 in Eastern Gotland Basin during PELAGIA expedition 64PE411 in 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-14
    Keywords: 64PE411; 64PE411_BY15_MUC; Baltic Fe; BY15; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Gotland Basin; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; Hydrogen sulfide; MUC-OCT; Multi corer, Octopus; Oxygen; Pelagia; pH
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2127 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 96
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    High resolution depth profile of pH, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen in sediment pore water at Site 1 in Eastern Gotland Basin during PELAGIA expedition 64PE411 in 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-14
    Keywords: 64PE411; 64PE411_Site_1_MUC; Baltic Fe; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Gotland Basin; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; Hydrogen sulfide; MUC-OCT; Multi corer, Octopus; Oxygen; Pelagia; pH; Site 1
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2318 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 97
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    High resolution depth profile of pH, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen in sediment pore water at Site 2 in Eastern Gotland Basin during PELAGIA expedition 64PE411 in 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-14
    Keywords: 64PE411; 64PE411_Site_2_MUC; Baltic Fe; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Gotland Basin; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; Hydrogen sulfide; MUC-OCT; Multi corer, Octopus; Oxygen; Pelagia; pH; Site 2
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2286 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 98
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    High resolution depth profile of pH, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen in sediment pore water at Site 3 in Eastern Gotland Basin during PELAGIA expedition 64PE411 in 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-14
    Keywords: 64PE411; 64PE411_Site_3_MUC; Baltic Fe; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Gotland Basin; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; Hydrogen sulfide; MUC-OCT; Multi corer, Octopus; Oxygen; Pelagia; pH; Site 3
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2190 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 99
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    High resolution depth profile of pH, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen in sediment pore water at Site 4 in Eastern Gotland Basin during PELAGIA expedition 64PE411 in 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-14
    Keywords: 64PE411; 64PE411_Site_4_MUC; Baltic Fe; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Gotland Basin; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; Hydrogen sulfide; MUC-OCT; Multi corer, Octopus; Oxygen; Pelagia; pH; Site 4
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2235 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 100
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    High resolution depth profile of pH, hydrogen sulfide and oxygen in sediment pore water at Site 5 in Eastern Gotland Basin during PELAGIA expedition 64PE411 in 2016 (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-14
    Keywords: 64PE411; 64PE411_Site_5_MUC; Baltic Fe; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Gotland Basin; GEOTRACES; Global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes; Hydrogen sulfide; MUC-OCT; Multi corer, Octopus; Oxygen; Pelagia; pH; Site 5
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1474 data points
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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