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  • Electron microscopy  (378)
  • Male  (243)
  • Chromatographie, Dünnschicht  (90)
  • Springer  (470)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (241)
  • 1975-1979  (711)
  • 1940-1944
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  • Springer  (470)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (241)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Parathyroid hormone ; Osteoclasts ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometry ; Metaphysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the size of the osteoclasts, nuclei, ruffled borders, and clear zones in long bones of thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) rats were quantitated as a function of time. These data were compared with the number of osteoclasts in the bone and with plasma calcium levels. A significant increase in the average size of the ruffled borders was demonstrated 30 min after injection of 50 U of purified bovine PTH, and of the clear zones 30–90 min after PTH. This was followed at 90 min by an increase in the average size of the cells. The sizes of ruffled borders and clear zones dropped sharply to control levels after 6 h, whereas the size of the cells remained elevated up to 12 h and returned to control values at 24 h. Plasma calcium levels were increased, but not significantly, between 30 min and 6 h. An increase in the number of osteoclasts was significant after 12 h. Removal of the parathyroid glands did not diminish the normal activity of osteoclasts. In animals with intact glands injection of 50 U of PTH did not cause a significant change in cell size or resorbing apparatus. It is concluded that PTH acts to rapidly stimulate the bone resorptive activity of osteoclasts and to cause a delayed increase in their number.
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  • 2
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    Calcified tissue international 29 (1979), S. 101-105 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteon ; X-ray diffraction ; Pole figures ; Electron microscopy ; Calcification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The X-ray diffraction method based on pole figures has been applied to single osteon samples in order to obtain information about the texture of the inorganic bone fraction and the way it changes during calcification. The osteon samples were cylindrically shaped, with axes corresponding to those of the haversian canals. Selection was carried out according to the degree of calcification and the orientation of collagen bundles and inorganic particles. Osteons at both the initial and final stages of calcification were chosen. Arrangements of fiber bundles and inorganic particles in successive lamellae characteristic of three types of osteons were selected: longitudinal, alternate, and transversal. The results indicate that in all three types of osteons, the long axis of the sample is apparently the only direction of orientation because the transversally oriented crystallites give an isotropic diffuse scattering as would be expected if all the inorganic particles were irregularly oriented around the osteon axis. The number of longitudinally oriented crystallites increases progressively from transversally oriented osteons to alternately and longitudinally oriented ones. The crystallite orientation in an axial direction increases in fully calcified osteons. This last result is in agreement with the electron microscopic finding that the long needle-shaped crystallites covering much more than a major collagen period and measuring 40–45 Å in width increase in number as calcification proceeds.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Acetobacter suboxydans ; Bacteriophage A-1 ; Restriction ; Modification ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bacteriophage ofAcetobacter suboxydans was isolated and found to correspond to type A phage according to Bradley's classification. The phage contains double stranded DNA. The length of the latency period and burst size could not be precisely determined because of apparent non-synchronous release of phage from single infective cycles. The host range was determined using 24 strains ofAcetobacter andGluconobacter species. Evidence for a probable occurence of host determined restriction and modification was obtained withAcetobacter suboxydans strain ATCC 621. The phage is designated A-1 and it is the first one to be reported forAcetobacter.
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  • 4
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    Archives of microbiology 123 (1979), S. 101-103 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Bdellovibrio ; Cyanobacteria ; Marine sponges ; Symbiosis ; Infection ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A bdellovibrio-like bacterium was observed infecting unicellular symbiotic cyanobacteria in two coral reef sponges, Neofibularia irata and Jaspis stellifera. The infecting bacterium, which was located between the cell wall and the cytoplasmic membrane of the cyanobacteria, was similar in size and appearance to previously described bdellovibrios. This observation is believed to extend the host range of the bdellovibrios.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Alcohol dehydrogenase ; Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase ; Clostridium kluyveri ; Electron microscopy ; Polygonal bodies ; Enzyme complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The alcohol-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase complex of Clostridium kluyveri has been separated from contaminating β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase by repeated precipitation with manganese and ammonium sulfate. Mn++ was required for maximum alcohol dehydrogenase activity. The molecular weight of the enzyme complex was 194,000 as determined by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The enzyme complex has been shown to contain two types of subunits with molecular weights of 55,000±2,600 and 42,000±1,200, respectively which are arranged in “H”-shaped particles. In solutions with an ionic strength above 25 mM the enzyme complex precipitated in the form of lumps as has been shown with specific ferritin-conjugated antibodies. These lumps are assumed to be aggregated polygonal bodies present in C. kluyveri.
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  • 6
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    Archives of microbiology 121 (1979), S. 9-15 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: R-Bodies ; Kappa particles ; Free-living hydrogen bacteria ; Induction ; Electron microscopy ; Chemical composition ; Defective prophages ; Plasmids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract R-Bodies have been found in a recently isolated pseudomonas-like free-living hydrogen oxidizing bacterium. Their isolation, fine structure and chemical composition are described and compared with the R-bodies from the kappa particles (Caedobacter), obligate endosymbionts of Paramecium aurelia. The 2K 1 R-bodies exhibited essential characteristics of the kappa R-bodies; however, their size and some other structural aspects proved that they represent a new type of R-bodies. The presence of phage tail-like particles in cells induced with Mitomycin C is in favour of the hypothesis that the R-bodies might be coded by defective prophages, or by extrachromosomal elements.
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  • 7
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    Archives of microbiology 123 (1979), S. 173-181 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Bacillus subtilis ; Cell cycle ; DNA replication ; Cell division ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Bacillus subtilis strain Marburg was grown exponentially with a doubling time of 65 min. To follow the time course of various cell cycle events, cells were collected by agar filtration and were then classified according to length. The DNA replication cycle was determined by a quantitative analysis of radioautograms of tritiated thymidine pulse labeled cells. The DNA replication period was found to be 45 min. This period is preceded and followed by periods without DNA synthesis of about 10 min. The morphology and segregation of nucleoplasmic bodies was studied in thin sections. B. subtilis contains two sets of genomes. DNA replication and DNA segregation seem to go hand in hand and DNA segregation is completed shortly after termination of DNA replication. Cell division and cell separation were investigated in whole mount preparations (agar filtration) and in thin sections. Cell division starts about 20 min after cell birth; cell separation starts at about 45 min and before completion of the septum.
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  • 8
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    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 15-27 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lymph vessels ; Testis ; Man ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of lymph vessels in the human testis was investigated using ink injection methods, and light and electron microscopy. Lymph capillaries occur in the septula testis but are absent in the intertubular tissue. They consist of endothelial cells provided with an incomplete basal lamina and anchoring filaments of the adjacent connective tissue. Frequently, the endothelial cells are separated by gaps measuring up to 2μm. The lymph capillaries of the septula testis are connected to lymph vessels in the rete testis and tunica albuginea. These vessels have occasional smooth muscle cells and valves. At the posterior margin of the testis, the network of lymph vessels merges into collecting ducts, which together with vessels derived from the rete testis are drained by the lymphatic system in the spermatic cord.
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  • 9
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    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 329-334 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Axon terminals ; Tanycytes ; Electron microscopy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present ultrastructural study proves the existence of nerve terminals closely apposed to the plasmalemmata of tanycytes in the rat median eminence. Several of these “axo-tanycytic” endings display remarkable accumulations of agranular endoplasmic reticulum in the form of pleomorphic vesicles which are closely apposed on either side of the plasma membrane of each cell compartment. Some of these vesicular profiles give the impression of structural continuity across both membrane systems. This phenomenon is discussed in the context of being a potential substratum for communication between both cell compartments.
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  • 10
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    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 337-344 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Glomerulo-tubular feedback ; Tight junctions ; Macula densa ; Distal tubule ; Electron microscopy ; Freeze fracture ; Horseradish peroxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the present study the tight junctions at the macula densa were compared to those of the adjacent straight and convoluted segments of the distal tubule using freeze fracturing and thin sectioning techniques. Only insignificant differences were found in the number of strands and the apico-basal depth of the tight junctions in the three distal tubular segments of rat, dog and tree shrew. In experiments with horseradish peroxidase on mice and tree shrews, the tracer did not penetrate the apical junctions in any of the distal tubular segments. Our findings do not support the concept of considerably higher permeability of the tight junctions at the macula densa, as previously reported. Gap junctions were never observed in the distal nephron. The present results suggest that the glomerulo-tubular feedback is more likely to be mediated by transcellular resorption of solutes than by passive diffusion through a leaky paracellular shunt pathway.
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: T-lymphocytes ; Blast cells ; Lymph node ; Electron microscopy ; Stereology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in the volumes and surfaces of subcellular compartments of unstimulated small lymphocytes and immunoblasts in mouse axillary lymph nodes have been established using stereological techniques. Blast transformation was induced in vivo with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Cell samples were obtained by random sampling regimes applied at light and electron microscopic levels. From electron micrographs the volume densities of euchromatin, heterochromatin, nucleoli, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum were determined. Cell surface/volume ratios were also computed. By estimating mean nuclear volumes using light microscopy, it was possible to calculate absolute compartmental volumes and to evaluate the plasma membrane surface areas of average cells. Transformation in this model was characterized by a considerable cellular hypertrophy and a substantial increase in plasmalemma surface. Hypertrophy was the consequence of increases in the volumes of all measured intracellular compartments, notably euchromatin and “residual cytoplasm” (including ground cytoplasm and free ribosomes). These changes are discussed in the context of the altered metabolic status of cells.
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  • 12
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 287-287 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Carbamatpesticiden in biolog. Material ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 13
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 361-365 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Informationsgehalt und »Äquivokation«
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A method has been developed for the calculation of information contents of one-channel identification procedures, which is especially applicable in the area of thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The method can be considered as a refinement of the one proposed by Massart and can easily be extended to the combination of one-channel procedures. In addition, the quantity ‘equivocation’, which is complementary to the information content, is introduced. As an example the best TLC-systems and the best combinations of two TLC-systems for the identification of DDT and twelve related compounds are selected by using information contents or equivocations. The results for the individual systems are compared with those obtained by Massart.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine Methode zur Berechnung von Informationsgehalten von Einkanal-Identifizierungsverfahren wurde entwickelt, die besonders gut für das Gebiet der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie (DC) anwendbar ist. Sie kann als eine Verfeinerung der von Massart vorgeschlagenen Methode angesehen werden und kann auf einfache Weise für Kombinationen von Einkanal-Verfahren erweitert werden. Dabei wird der Begriff »Äquivokation«, komplementär zum Informationsgehalt, eingeführt. Als Beispiel wurden die besten DC-Systeme und Kombinationen von zwei DC-Systemen für die Identifizierung von DDT und zwölf verwandten Verbindungen unter Benutzung von Informationsgehalten oder »Äquivokationen« ausgewählt. Die Ergebnisse für die einzelnen Systeme werden mit den nach Massart gefundenen verglichen.
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  • 14
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 407-407 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Arylbenzolsulfonylthiocarbamiden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 15
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 398-401 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von pharmazeut. Produkten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; halogenfreie Fließmittelsysteme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit 2 sauren, 2 basischen und einem neutralen Fließmittel mit unterschiedlichen Polaritäten und guten Trennleistungen konnten 151 von 157 geprüften Arzneisubstanzen mit hRf-Werten zwischen 10 und 90 chromatographiert werden.
    Notes: Summary Using two acidic, two alkaline and a neutral mobile phase of different polarities and high separation efficiencies 151 of 157 tested drug substances could be chromatographed with hRf-values between 10 and 90.
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  • 16
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 24-29 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Polycyclen in Wasser ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Änderung der Fluorescenzintensität
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach der Verordnung über Trinkwasser und Brauchwasser für Lebensmittelbetriebe (Trinkwasserverordnung) vom 31. Januar 1975 müssen 6 Einzelverbindungen aus der Gruppe der polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffe nachgewiesen werden. Das empfohlene Analysenverfahren basiert auf der Messung der Fluorescenz nach vorangegangener chromatographischer Trennung auf Adsorberschichten. Sowohl bei dieser Trennung als auch in der anschließenden Zeit verändert sich die Fluorescenzintensität einzelner Verbindungen z.T. beträchtlich. Systematische Untersuchungen an Kieselgel und an Mischschichten aus Aluminiumoxid und Acetylcellulose sollen die kritischen Punkte und die möglichen Fehlerquoten offen legen.
    Notes: Summary According to the regulation on the use of drinking and industrial water in food industry (Drinking Water Regulation) of 31 January, 1975, six individual compounds of the group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons must be traced. The analytical procedure recommended is based on the measurement of fluorescence after preceding Chromatographic separation on adsorber layers. In the course of this separation and during the time that follows, the fluorescence intensity of various compounds changes, in some cases considerably. Systematic studies with silica gel and mixed layers of aluminium oxide and acetyl cellulose are intended to reveal critical points and possible ranges of error.
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  • 17
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 297 (1979), S. 138-143 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn, der Metallchelate von 8-Mercaptochinolin ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 8-Mercaptochinolin (Thiooxin) eignet sich zum Nachweis und zur Trennung von Metallen mit Hilfe der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie. Es bildet Neutralkomplexe definierter Zusammensetzung, die in wäßriger Phase schwerlöslich sind und in Chloroform extrahiert werden können. Fällung und Extraktion sind vom pH-Wert abhängig, wodurch eine Vortrennung der Metalle möglich ist. Beschrieben wird das dünnschicht-chromatographische Verhalten von 17 Metallchelaten. Die intensive Eigenfärbung der Komplexe erübrigt den Gebrauch von Anfärbereagentien. Die visuelle Nachweisgrenze der Metalle liegt zwischen 5 und 20 ng (Fluorescenzlöschung bei 254 nm). Spektralphotometrische Auswertung der Chromatogramme läßt eine Erniedrigung der Nachweisgrenze um etwa eine Zehnerpotenz erwarten.
    Notes: Summary 8-Mercaptoquinoline (thiooxine) is qualified for the detection and separation of metals by thin-layer chromatography. It forms neutral complexes in definite composition, which are insoluble in aqueous solution, but readily soluble in CHCl3. Precipitation and extraction are dependent on the pH value, whereby pre-separation of metals is possible. The thin-layer chromatographic behaviour of 17 metal chelates is described. No spraying is necessary for detection, since the complexes show different, characteristic colours. The visual detection limits of the metals are between 5 and 20 ng (fluorescence quenching at 254 nm). Spectrophotometric determination of the chromatograms lowers the detection limit by one power of ten.
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  • 18
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 297 (1979), S. 144-147 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. der Metallchelate von 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinthion ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinthion (HPT) bildet mit den Metallen der 8. Nebengruppe des Periodensystems intensiv gefärbte Chelatkomplexe. Führt man die Reaktion in wäßriger Phase bei pH 7 aus, so werden alle Elemente der Gruppe erfaßt und als schwerlösliche Neutralkomplexe gefällt. Diese lassen sich mit Chloroform extrahieren und dünnschichtchromatographisch trennen. Die Nachweisgrenze der Metalle liegt zwischen 3 und 40 ng (Fluorescenzlöschung bei 254 nm). Spektralphotometrische Auswertung der Chromatogramme läßt eine Erniedrigung der Nachweisgrenze um eine Zehnerpotenz erwarten.
    Notes: Summary 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinethione (HPT) forms highly coloured chelate complexes with the metals of the 8th sub-group. If the reaction is carried out in aqueous solution at pH 7, all elements of the group precipitate as insoluble neutral complexes. They can be extracted with CHCl3 and separated by thin-layer chromatography. The detection limit is between 3 and 40 ng (fluorescence quenching at 254 nm). Spectrophotometric determination of the chromatograms lowers the detection limit by one power of ten.
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  • 19
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 298 (1979), S. 44-44 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Guanylpyrazolnitraten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 20
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    Cell & tissue research 200 (1979), S. 435-442 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Fat body ; Calliphora ; Electron microscopy ; Cytochemistry ; Ecdysterone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the larval fat body of Calliphora erythrocephala, protein accumulation and autophagic activity occur prior to the onset of puparium formation. The involvement of the lysosomal system in the degradation of sequestered protein and cell organelles can be demonstrated by the electron microscopical cytochemical localization of the lysosomal marker enzyme acid phosphatase in so-called protein granules. These granules contain not only newly synthetized or absorbed protein but also remnants of cell organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Ligation of the larvae behind the brain-ring gland complex prevents the appearance of these acid phosphatase positive granules. They can be induced in ligated larvae by the injection of 20 hydroxyecdysone into the abdomen. These findings are briefly discussed in relation to the role of moulting hormones in normal development, especially with regard to the induction of autophagic activity.
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  • 21
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lipid absorption ; Pyloric caeca ; Electron microscopy ; Feeding experiment ; Rainbow trout
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rainbow trout were killed 4 and 18 h after being fed wax ester-rich marine Zooplankton and the absorptive epithelium of the pyloric caeca examined by electron microscopy. Numerous osmiophilic drops were seen in the lamina propria underlying the epithelium of fish killed at both times, but these drops were only abundant within columnar epithelial cells of fish killed 4 h after feeding. Pinocytotic profiles were not common at the luminal plasma membranes, nor were osmiophilic droplets seen in the terminal web area between the luminal plasma membrane and the extensive smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Numerous osmiophilic droplets, 30–100 nm in diameter, were present in the cisternae of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum with up to five separate droplets per individual cisterna. Columnar epithelial cells also contained up to 100 large osmiophilic drops (“conglomerates”) which tended to be concentrated in the supranuclear (Golgi) regions. The conglomerates were 250–1200 nm in diameter and were themselves made up of smaller droplets 30–400 nm in diameter. Conglomerates were present both within intracellular membranes and free in the cytoplasm. Osmiophilic droplets in the intercellular spaces and lamina propria were similar in size to individual droplets within conglomerates. We conclude that triacylglycerols are elaborated in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, transferred to and processed in the Golgi region and finally discharged serosally as chylomicron-like particles of not greater than 400 nm diameter.
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  • 22
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    Cell & tissue research 198 (1979), S. 477-486 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Embryonic heart ; Myogenesis ; Sarcomere ; Crustacea (Homarus americanus) ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cardiomyoblasts in the myocardium of embryonic lobsters at 3–4 weeks and 6 months of development were examined with the transmission electron microscope in order to describe the events in the formation of sarcomeres in a neurogenic cardiac system. Thick and thin myofilaments appear first in the cell periphery near the sarcolemma. They align in parallel in a sequential fashion to form consecutive sarcomeric units. Well-defined A and I bands appear before any semblance of a Z line is present. The initial sarcomere is anchored to the sarcolemma by the insertion of thin myofilaments into a region of electron dense material associated intimately with the sarcolemma. Myofibrils grow outward in several planes away from the electron-dense regions of membrane that serve as focal points for myofibril formation.
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  • 23
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    Cell & tissue research 198 (1979), S. 521-526 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adenohypophysis ; Electron microscopy ; L-DOPA ; Lysosomes ; Chinese quail, Excalfactoria chinensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intraperitoneally injected L-DOPA was found to stimulate strongly the lysosomal system of all of the cell types of the adenohypophysis. We suggest that this amine may play a role in the regulation of the secretory activity of the gland by mediating the lysosomal activity, this role being of variable importance according to the fluctuations in hormonal activity. Ultrastructural changes occur in some cell types following injection of L-DOPA. The question as to whether these changes are induced directly by L-DOPA or via the monoaminergic system of the hypothalamus and its hypophysiotropic hormones is discussed.
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  • 24
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    Cell & tissue research 199 (1979), S. 509-517 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Olfactory bulb ; Giant cells ; Neurosecretion ; Electron microscopy ; Labyrinth fish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The giant cells in the olfactory bulb of labyrinth fish, most likely belonging to the nervus terminalis, show ultrastructural features of active synthesis of secretory material. Dense core vesicles (70–100 nm in diameter), found in the perikaryon as well as in the axon, are the possible storage sites of the secretory substance. Its chemical nature is unknown. In some of these vesicles acid phosphatase is demonstrable. Large membrane-bound bodies (up to 2000 nm in diameter), either containing an electron dense matrix or debris of cytoplasmic organelles, are also acid phosphatase-positive, suggesting their lysosomal nature. Some other ultrastructural characteristics of these cells are also described.
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  • 25
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    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 159-163 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Insulin secretion ; Acid-base changes ; Electron microscopy ; Pancreas perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural changes in pancreatic β cells were studied following glucose-induced insulin secretion in vitro, at two different extracellular pH (7.4 and 7.8). The pancreata perfused at pH 7.4 exhibited a biphasic insulin response to glucose challenge together with signs of increased emiocytotic activity and numerous microtubules in the β cells. Conversely, the pancreata perfused at pH 7.8 showed a significant decrease in insulin secretion, and their β cells revealed scarce emiocytotic images and a marked increase of intracellular granulolysis. These results represent the ultrastructural correlate of the reduced insulin secretion produced by metabolic alkalosis in the perfused rat pancreas.
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  • 26
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adrenal cortex ; Steroid release ; Rabbit ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the rabbit adrenal cortex was investigated. The parenchymal cells display the ultrastructural features of steroid-producing cells, and also contain numerous electron-dense bodies frequently located near intercellular canaliculi, which open into the subendothelial space. Short-term ACTH-administration induced a noticeable decrease in the volume of the lipid compartment in the cells of all three cortical zones and a significant increase in the volume of dense bodies in the cells of zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. The hypothesis that these dense bodies are secretory granules is discussed in the light of biochemical evidence showing that ACTH increases the concentration of both corticosterone and cortisol in the decapsulated-enucleated adrenal homogenate and does not affect the activity of two lysosome-marker enzymes (i.e., acid phosphatase and β-glucuronidase).
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    Cell & tissue research 199 (1979), S. 171-175 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Crustaceans ; Neuromuscular synapse ; Multiterminal innervation ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of nerve terminals from a single excitatory motor axon has been followed along a fiber from the proximal accessory flexor muscle of the lobster by thin serial sectioning at periodic intervals. The excitatory motor axon provides small axonal branches (diameter 5–12 μm) of varying lengths that travel along the surface of the muscle fiber. Each of these branches gives rise to discrete synaptic terminals which are not uniformly distributed. Individual terminals vary in length from 10–60 μm and the majority possess neuromuscular synapses. The greatest distance between synapses is slightly over 1 mm which is well within the length constant (2.6 mm) of this muscle fiber. Thus the spatial distribution of synapses is such as to ensure adequate depolarization along the entire length of the muscle fiber.
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  • 28
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    Cell & tissue research 199 (1979), S. 281-288 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Annular microtubules ; Nodes of Ranvier ; Nerve ; Axon ; Electron microscopy
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a special albumin technique, nodes of Ranvier have been examined within frog skeletal muscle, sciatic nerve and rat and frog cerebrum. Initial segments have been examined in cerebrum of frog and rat. Microtubules usually run longitudinally through these regions, but within the bare area of the intramuscular node of Ranvier, annular or helical bundles of microtubules run in a marginal band at right angles to the more centrally placed longitudinal microtubules. These nodal bare areas show a pronounced convexity and it is suggested that the annular microtubules serve to maintain this convexity during muscle contraction.
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  • 29
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    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 37-44 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Brush cell ; Receptor ; Lateral microvilli ; Gallbladder ; Electron microscopy
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    Notes: Summary The brush cells of the gallbladder epithelium of the mouse have microvilli not only at their luminal border but also on their lateral surface, from the level of the nucleus to the junctional complex. The lateral microvilli radiate from the brush cell in all directions, contain a core of filaments, and penetrate up to 3 μm into the adjacent cells. The microvilli in these locations display small desmosomes at their base.
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  • 30
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    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 451-458 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Epididymis ; Freeze-fracture ; Electron microscopy ; Male reproduction
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The epithelium of the monkey epididymis was studied by means of freeze-fracture techniques and conventional electron microscopy. For the study of transepithelial permeability lanthanum hydroxide was used as an intercellular tracer. The epididymal epithelium consists mainly of tall columnar cells. The long stereocilia at the apical surface, similarly to microvilli, exhibit after freeze-fracture, two distinct faces: the E face, concave and with fewer membrane-associated particles, and the complementary convex P face. In the lumen unusual groups of smooth-surfaced vacuoles are present. A tight junctional network, which shows some permeability to the lanthanum tracer, is located at the apical end of the cells. Supranuclear cross-fractures clearly show the well developed Golgi cisternae and numerous vacuole profiles. The highly infolded, centrally located nucleus exhibits, after freeze-fracture, an even distribution of nuclear pores. In the perinuclear region the rough endoplasmic reticulum, which also presents pores, displays a sheet-like organization. The basal cytoplasm is filled by numerous globular profiles of membrane-bounded granules. Freeze-cleave exposes large cytoplasmic areas where the types and amount of organelles indicate an intense metabolic activity.
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    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 467-477 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Anterior pituitary ; Hormone synthesis ; Morphometry ; Autoradiography ; Electron microscopy
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to compare the functional state of the anterior pituitary of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with that of normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKR), the anterior pituitary was examined by morphometry and autoradiography at the level of electron microscopy. The relative number and the relative volume of thyrotrophs in the anterior pituitary were significantly greater in SHR compared with age-matched WKR at 0, 7, 30–33 days, and 10 months of age, while the relative number of somatotrophs in SHR was significantly smaller at 1 and 10 months of age. Electron microscope autoradiographic analysis of uptake of 3H-lysine by thyrotrophs of both strains at the age of approximately one month showed that 3H-lysine was incorporated into protein and transported finally to secretory granules which migrated to near the cell membrane to be discharged. Silver grains were significantly more numerous over the thyrotrophs of SHR than over those of WKR at 30 min, 1 h, and 4h after the injection of 3H-lysine. The present study has ascertained morphologically that a congenital hypersynthesis of TSH by the anterior pituitary occurs in SHR.
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  • 32
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    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 125-132 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Macrophage ; Osteoclast ; Bone resorption ; Electron microscopy
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    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural observations on macrophage-mediated resorption of calcified tissue of killed fetal long bones are described and correlated with increased 45Ca release into the medium. Macrophages disrupt calcified tissue extracellularly and appear to engulf large fragments of mineralized matrix. Ruffled borders, which are common features of osteoclasts at sites of resorption of bone, do not develop in macrophages. However, clear zones are seen in macrophages as well as osteoclasts. These findings provide additional evidence for non-osteoclast-mediated resorption of calcified tissue.
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  • 33
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    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 101-127 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: T-lymphocytes ; Cell activation ; Stereology ; Electron microscopy
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    Notes: Summary Stereological data of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-activated human T-lymphocytes were recorded at intervals (12 to 72 h) together with biochemical (isotope-uptake, lymphotoxin-release) and morphological measurements. About 98 % of the cells were activated 12 h after PHA-stimulation. The activation phase lasted less than 48 h, i.e., cells entering the activation phase within 12 h were at their activation maximum by 48 h. The activated cell increased in size. The nuclear/cytoplasmic-ratio decreased. Most of the cytoplasmic organelles developed in phase with the increase of cytoplasmic volume. After 48 h, mitotic figures were frequently seen. Due to the increasing number of secondary, activated daughter cells, parameters of most cytoplasmic components declined between 48 and 72 h. Structural changes in the nucleus preceded the 3H-leucine uptake, which had not reached its maximum after 72 h of incubation. The 3H-leucine uptake started as early as 12 h after culture initiation, and its increase was proportional to the increasing polyribosome density. No maximum uptake was reached up to 72 h, but the development of structural components related to this uptake was at its maximum at the end of the activation phase (48 h). The formation of bound ribosomes occurred subsequent to the enlargement of the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Initial polysome formation occurred at the expense of existing free ribosomes.
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  • 34
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    Cell & tissue research 201 (1979), S. 459-466 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Collagen ; Cuticle ; Lumbricus
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    Notes: Summary A method has been developed to isolate and purify cuticular fibrils of Lumbricus. Polarizing microscopy confirms the collagenous nature of the isolated fibrils. Study in the electron microscope of isolated fibrils, negatively or positively stained, shows that they are cylindrical, unbranching and without periodic structure. Enzymatic treatment of cuticles with alpha-amylase and trypsin results in a more or less complete dissociation of the fibrils which appear clearly to be made up of helically wound bundles of filaments (30–40 Å). The structure of the cuticular fibrils is discussed in relation to biochemical and biophysical data and compared to the ultrastructural organization of other periodically cross-banded fibrils.
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  • 35
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    Keywords: Lymph (pig) ; Langerhans cells ; Phase contrast microscopy ; Histochemistry ; Electron microscopy
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    Notes: Summary Large mononuclear cells with long, actively moving cytoplasmic veils were observed in lymph coming from the skin. The enzyme histochemistry and ultrastructure of these cells suggested that they are related to epidermal Langerhans cells and interdigitating cells in the lymph node. It has been reported that Langerhans cells and interdigitating cells play a role in contact hypersensitivity by taking up antigen and presenting it to thymus-dependent lymphocytes, and it is likely that the veiled cells in the lymph are also involved. After skin-painting with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB), the veiled cells in lymph coming from the site of painting became more active and were observed contacting other cells present in the lymph; many large cellular aggregates were found. Since neutrophilic leucocytes and mononuclear phagocytes were the predominating cell types in this lymph, there was no evidence for a massive recruitment of immunocompetent lymphocytes at the site of painting. Neonatally thymectomized pigs do not develop allergic reactivity to DNFB. It is of interest that the number of veiled cells and their ability to form large cellular aggregates was not affected in these animals. Therefore, it is unlikely that the defect in responsiveness can be attributed to a failure in the function of veiled cells.
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  • 36
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    Keywords: Mitochondria ; Electron microscopy ; Stereology ; Number and volume ; Lymphocytes
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    Notes: Summary The authors ask the question whether the parameters “number” and “volume” are suitable for the morphometric analysis of mitochondria. In several types of cell, irregularity of mitochondrial shape makes it technically difficult, if not impossible, to obtain reliable stereological estimates of mean organelle volume or number per unit volume. Of more fundamental concern is whether number of mitochondria per cell is of any real value as a structural correlate of respiratory potential and hence as a measure of cell function. Alternative parameters might serve better for this purpose. Though the problem is illustrated by reference to quantitative studies of lymphocytes, it is also pertinent to the investigation of many other cell types.
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    Cell & tissue research 202 (1979), S. 63-73 
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    Keywords: Silkworm testis ; Cyst cell ; Junctions ; Freeze-fracture ; Electron microscopy
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    Notes: Summary The cell junctions of the cyst envelope in the testes of Bombyx mori were examined by electron microscopy utilizing a thin-sectioning technique following conventional fixation, tannic acid fixation and lanthanum tracer study, and also using a freeze-fracture technique. There are three kinds of junctions; septate junctions, gap junctions and tight junctions. Septate junctions are of the pleated type. Gap junctions are characterized by four electron-dense lines and three electronlucent lines in the reduced intercellular spaces seen by thin-sectioning. They are of the “E” type, having clusters of intramembraneous particles on the E-fracture face. The most striking finding is the frequent presence of tight junctions on the fracture planes, while focally fused outer leaflets of the junctional unit membranes are rarely detected on thin-sectioned preparations. Tight junctions are characterized by branching zigzag ridges on the P-fracture face and complementary grooves on the E-fracture face. It is proposed that tight junctions are new morphological evidence of blood-germ cell barrier in an insect.
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    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 181-188 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ventral prostate ; Epithelial cells ; Electron microscopy ; Light microscopy ; Older rats
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    Notes: Summary The ventral prostatic secretory epithelial cells in older rats were studied by light and electron microscopy. The cells vary in height in different parts of the same organ, and ultrastructurally they show the presence of a developed secretory apparatus such as well-developed Golgi body and abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum. They also show signs of a depressed secretory activity, involving occasional emiocytosis of apical secretory vacuoles and a paucity of condensing vacuoles in the Golgi region and above it. Further, they are characterized by the frequent occurrence of supra and paranuclear pleomorphic lysosomes.
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  • 39
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 296 (1979), S. 45-45 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Diphenylamin als Detektionsmittel
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 296 (1979), S. 369-373 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; vollautomat. Auswertung von Chromatogrammen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden vollautomatische DC-Photometer beschrieben, bei denen ein Rechner die optimale Positionierung der DC-Flecke im Meßspalt steuert. Es lassen sich nicht nur die normalen Meßkurven, sondern auch die gemäß der Kubelka-Munk-Funktion transformierten Kurven für die Auswertung heranziehen. Infolge der Steuerung des Wellenlängenantriebes lassen sich auch Zweiwellenlängentechniken simulieren. Für die Auswertung eignet sich auch die 1. Ableitung der Meßkurve. Die Genauigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit wird gesondert nach Auftragefehler, Meßfehler, Positionierfehler und Fehler der Chromatographie ausgewiesen.
    Notes: Summary Automated photometers for evaluating TLC plates by an optimized positioning of the spots in respect to the centre of the light beam are described. The evaluation can be performed by using the original measuring curve or a transformed one in respect to the Kubelka-Munk function. Two-wavelength techniques can be simulated, for the monochromator is controlled by the computer. This method has an advantage in measuring not well separated spots. In this case also an evaluation of the first derivative is often successful. The accuracy and reproducibility is given in respect to the different sources of errors: spotting, measurement, positioning and chromatography.
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  • 41
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    Cell & tissue research 198 (1979), S. 119-127 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Male hamster ; Harderian gland ; Castration ; Sexual dimorphism ; Porphyrin ; Testosterone ; Tubular clusters ; Membranous structures ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Notes: Summary A sexual dimorphism of the hamster Harderian gland at the ultrastructural level has been reported. The effect of testosterone on the fine structure of the gland from castrated male golden hamsters is reported here. Harderian glands from the following three groups of animals were examined at regular intervals up to 60 days after castration: (1) castrated; (2) castratedsham-injected, receiving 0.1 ml sesame oil per day; (3) castrated-testosterone injected, receiving 2mg testosterone propionate in 0.1 ml sesame oil per day. In groups 1 and 2, clusters of cylindrical tubules, typical of the male gland, decreased in number and disappeared almost completely 2 weeks after castration. Membranous structures, typical of the female gland, prevailed in these two groups throughout the remaining period of experiment. On the other hand, these changes were prevented in the group of castrated animals maintained on testosterone propionate. It is concluded that castration modified the ultrastructure of the male hamster Harderian gland toward the female type and that daily administration of testosterone propionate prevented this change.
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  • 42
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    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 541-543 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chromatophores ; Pigment organelles ; Organelle development ; Electron microscopy ; Phalangium opilio
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    Notes: Summary Observations of a number of vertebrate chromatophores have revealed the presence of more than one type of pigment organelles, suggesting that the different types are all derived from an equipotential organelle able to differentiate into any of the major pigment-containing organelles (Bagnara, 1972). Observations are presented concerning the occurrence of hybrid pigment inclusions, i.e., all kinds of intergrades between melanosomes, pterinosomes, and reflecting platelets in pigment cells of the daddy-long-legs. It therefore seems possible that pigment organelles in some invertebrates may also be derived from a common pluripotential primordial organelle.
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    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 79-94 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Erythrophagocytosis ; Lysosomes ; Placenta (sheep) ; Acid phosphatase ; Electron microscopy
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    Notes: Summary The breakdown of erythrocytes within the lysosomal apparatus of trophoblastic epithelial cells of the sheep placenta was studied at the ultrastructural level. Acid phosphatase activity could be demonstrated in the interspace between the erythrocyte membrane and the lysosomal membrane, but not inside ingested erythrocytes. The erythrocyte plasma membrane remained observable until the final stage of the breakdown process. Together with a peripheral layer of indigestible hemoglobin it might form a barrier for further penetration of lysosomal enzymes into the ingested erythrocyte. The hemoglobin of the erythrocyte is suggested to diffuse through the erythrocyte plasma membrane into the interspace between this membrane and the lysosomal membrane. Subsequently, the hemoglobin is digested in the interspace or in fragments pinched off from erythrocyte-containing lysosomes (=erythrolysosomes). The fragmentation of erythrolysosomes is considered to be the most efficient mechanism for the breakdown of red blood cells in the trophoblastic epithelium of the sheep placenta. The method of entry of hydrolytic enzymes into erythrocyte-containing phagosomes is discussed.
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    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 175-194 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Retina ; Synapses ; Transmitter ; Electron microscopy ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The recently discovered indoleamine-accumulating retinal neurons were studied electron microscopically after destruction of the dopaminergic retinal neurons and subsequent labeling with 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine. These observations confirm earlier fluorescence microscopical studies on the distribution of the indoleamine-accumulating neurons in the rabbit retina. Their perikarya are known to be located in the inner nuclear layer (INL) among the amacrine cell bodies. Their processes are found only in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), most of them in the innermost third part of that layer. The indoleamine-accumulating terminals are pre- and postsynaptic to bipolar neurons in the innermost sublayer of the IPL. Reciprocal synapses are probably the rule. The synaptic vesicles of indoleamine-accumulating synapses onto bipolar cells are arranged in “globular” clusters around a central electron dense, round body. A number of synapses formed by unlabeled amacrine neurons with postsynaptic indoleamine-accumulating elements were also detected. These synapses were mainly found in the outermost third of the IPL. Synaptic contacts between presynaptic indoleamine-accumulating neurons and postsynaptic unlabeled processes of amacrine cells are very rare.
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  • 45
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    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 281-294 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; Light microscopy ; Gastric mucosa ; Reptilia ; Cytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The gastric mucosa of a reptile, the lizard Tiliqua scincoides, has been examined by light and electron microscopy. The gastric pits lead into glands that are extensively coiled in the proximal stomach but become progressively shorter and straighter in the distal stomach. The following epithelial cell types have been identified: (i) Surface mucous cells (SMC) line the entire lumenal surface as well as the pits. They contain mucus granules that stain with periodic acid-Schiff and, like the granules of mammalian SMC, commonly contain an electron dense core that appears not to be mucus (periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine nonreactive). (ii) Glandular mucous cells are present in glands throughout the mucosa. They are probably homologous with the mucous neck and antral gland cells of mammals; like SMC their mucus granules contain nonglycoprotein cores. (iii) Oxynticopeptic cells (OPC) are the predominant cell type in the proximal glands but become infrequent distally. Their fine structure resembles that of OPC in other nonmammalian vertebrates, with features like those of both parietal cells and zymogen cells of mammals, (iv) Endocrine cells of three different types have been identified. Two of these show close similarities to the EC and ECL cells of mammals.
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  • 46
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    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 173-180 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Tissue culture ; Cardiac myocyte ; Heart ; T-tubes ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary T-tubes are among the last structural elements of the mammalian myocyte to develop in vivo. We were able to identify T-tubes in early cultures of neonatal rat myocytes. Ventricles were excised from 3- to 4-day-old neonatal rats, incubated overnight in cold trypsin, and treated with sequential changes of collagenase-hyaluronidase. Fractions of cells isolated in this manner were pooled and cultured in plastic petri dishes. In cells prepared for transmission electron microscopy, T-tubes were observed at the cell periphery of cultured myocytes, but were more difficult to identify as the cultures aged and became overgrown by fibroblasts. T-tubes were identified by virtue of their continuity with the sarcolemma, their relatively large diameter, and their regular entry at the level of the Z line. Even at optimal culture ages, T-tubes were not present in every myocyte. At the times T-tubes could be located, myocytes were beating and had begun to establish intercalated discs and gap junctions. The de novo formation of T-tubes in cultured myocytes of neonatal rat heart reflects a duplication of in vivo differentiation by the cultured myocyte. The appropriateness of cultured myocytes in the study of the development and physiology of the heart is emphasized by the in vitro formation of T-tubes.
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    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 209-221 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Erythrophagocytosis ; Lysosomes ; Placenta (sheep) ; Acid phosphatase ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In trophoblastic epithelial cells of the sheep placenta the breakdown of erythrocytes within complex erythrolysosomes was studied at the ultrastructural level. It was found that the formation of complex erythrolysosomes containing from two to several erythrocytes as a result of fusion of erythrolysosomes within the epithelial cells was a common occurrence when the epithelial cells engulfed a large number of erythrocytes. The erythrocytes enclosed in complex erythrolysosomes appear to be either in the same or in different stages of hemolysis. In the process of breakdown of erythrocytes within complex erythrolysosomes five successive stages of hemolysis could be distinguished. Acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated in the complex erythrolysosomes and appeared to be located in the angular interspaces between the erythrocytes and the lysosomal membrane. The fragmentation of complex erythrolysosomes with formation of small hemoglobin-containing lysosomes also occurred. The fusion of erythrolysosomes with formation of complex erythrolysosomes can be considered as an additional mechanism in the process of erythrocyte breakdown in the epithelial cells of the sheep placenta.
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  • 48
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Fat body ; Morphometry ; Metamorphosis ; Transplantation ; Calliphora ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Notes: Summary Transplantation of fragments of the anterior fat body lobe of 4 day old feeding stage larvae into one day older hosts, which are at the end of feeding, leads to precocious induction of ultrastructural changes in the transplanted cells of the fat body. These changes include alterations in the mean relative and absolute areas of mitochondria, protein granules, lipid droplets and vacuoles. The extent of intracellular changes induced in the transplants depends on the physiological condition of the host. This confirms that alterations in the internal environment at termination of feeding induce premetamorphic changes in cells of the fat body.
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  • 49
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    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 301-309 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Endocrine cells ; Calcitonin ; Ascidian (Styela clava) ; Immunofluorescence ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A small group of granulated endocrine cells have been described in the endostylar region of the pharynx in Styela. These cells are argyrophilic and exhibit calcitonin-like immunofluorescence. Tests with antisera to other peptides all proved negative. Cells from animals exposed to elevated calcium levels showed a degree of degranulation. The possibility that these cells may represent ancestral ultimobranchial “C” cells is discussed.
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    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 487-492 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Osteoclasts ; Endothelium ; Bone resorption ; Electron microscopy
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphological relationship between the osteoclasts at the endosteal surface of two-week-old rabbit femurs and the endothelium of vascular channels of the bone marrow was examined. Light microscopy revealed that 85% of the osteoclasts make direct contact with the endothelial cells. The ultrastructure of this osteoclast-endothelium interface shows that the osteoclast has specialized processes which reach out towards the endothelial cells coming into close proximity with them. On rare occasions, specialized junctions between these processes and the endothelial cells are noted.
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    Cell & tissue research 203 (1979), S. 503-506 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Muscle ; Disuse atrophy ; Insects ; Ultrastructure ; Electron microscopy
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The changes which occur in the ultrastructure of the mesothoracic retractor unguis muscle of the cockroach Periplaneta americana as a result of disuse are described. Breakdown of myofibrils, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria are all marked, this degeneration only being apparent 9 weeks after the operation.
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  • 52
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    Keywords: Median eminence ; Hypophysis ; Rana temporaria ; Vasotocinergic fibres ; Mesotocinergic fibres ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary With the use of the unlabelled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex (PAP) technique at the electron microscopic level, it was shown that both the internal and the external regions of the median eminence of the frog contain separate vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic nerve fibres. This observation confirms the results of previous immunocytochemical studies at the light microscopic level. The mean size of the neurohypophysial hormone-containing granules in the external region of the median eminence is significantly smaller than that of the neurohypophysial hormone-containing granules in the internal region of the median eminence. No significant difference could be found between the mean granule size of the vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic fibres of either the internal or the external region of the frog median eminence.
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    Cell & tissue research 204 (1979), S. 155-159 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nervus connectivus ; Periplaneta ; Synaptic contacts ; Iontophoresis ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The course of the Nervus connectivus (N.c.), its branches, and synaptic connections within the frontal ganglion (FG) were investigated electron microscopically after cobalt iontophoresis of the N.c. The subsequent treatment of ultrathin sections with Timm's method was found to be very suitable for identifying the smallest branches. In the neuropil, fibers of the N.c. form Gray-I-type synapses, but also dyads are abundant, whereby the N.c. fibers occur exclusively in postsynaptic position with neurosecretory fibers. The possible role of these relationships is discussed.
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    Cell & tissue research 204 (1979), S. 319-331 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Lamprey ; Regulation of pars distalis ; Fluorescence microscopy ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The proximal neurosecretory contact region (PNCR) of the lamprey, a homologue of the median eminence of tetrapods, was studied by light, fluorescence and electron microscopy. Paraldehyde fuchsin-positive neurosecretory fibers are seen mainly in the central part of the rostral subdivision of the PNCR. The Falck-Hillarp technique reveals a weak, mainly diffuse yellow-green fluorescence in the PNCR. The ultrastructure of the tanycyte layer of the PNCR is very similar to that in the neurohypophysis of the same species, although the funnel-shaped protrusions of the third ventricle in the rostral part of the PNCR are more frequent than in the neurohypophysis. Peptidergic A1 and A2 neurosecretory fibers are characterized by neurosecretory granules of 120– 200 nm and 100–150 nm in diameter, respectively. Monoaminergic B type fibers contain granules 80–100 nm in diameter. Neurosecretory terminals and the vascular endfeet of tanycytes make contact with the basement membrane of the avascular connective tissue layer separating the PNCR from the hypophysial pars distalis. It is suggested that both peptide and monoamine neurohormones diffuse through the thick connective tissue septa into the underlying blood vessels which supply the pars distalis and thus affect the function of its glandular cells.
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  • 55
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretory granules (Insects) ; Ionophores ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antibiotic ionophores Br-X-537A and A-23187 alter the ultrastructure of neurohaemal tissue on the transverse nerve of the stick insect, Carausius morosus. Br-X-537A induces dramatic changes in the ultrastructural appearance of all three types of neurosecretory fibres present in the neurohaemal tissue. The neurosecretory granules become more electron-lucent and the mitochondria become more electron-opaque. The bounding membrane of the granules is frequently ruptured. A-23187, on the other hand, has no effect on two of the three types of fibres, but does produce an increase in the number of exocytotic profiles in the third. The two ionophores therefore have different effects on the same tissue. The results are discussed in the light of previous work with the use of these ionophores.
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    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 257-262 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Centrifugal fibers ; Olfactory bulb ; Goldfish ; Degenerating synapses ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The terminals of centrifugal fibers to the olfactory bulbs of goldfish were studied by electron microscopy after transection of the medial, lateral or entire olfactory tract. The centrifugal fibers originate in the telencephalic hemisphere, pass through both the medial and the lateral olfactory tract, and form synaptic contacts with dendrites in the granule cell layer.
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  • 57
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Monocytes ; Macrophages ; Epithelioid cells ; Multinucleated giant cells ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphological changes occurring in monocytes during their differentiation into macrophages, epithelioid cells, Langhans-type giant cells, and foreign-body-type giant cells were investigated in foreign-body granulomas induced by subcutaneous implantation of pieces of Melinex plastic. Analysis based on Adams's (1974) criteria for discrimination between the several types of cell of the monocyte line, showed that each type has a characteristic type of granule. Primary and secondary granules, numerous in the Golgi area of monocytes were generally found close to the cell membrane and decreased in number in maturing macrophages. This was accompanied by an increase in the number of microtubules. Mature macrophages show numerous characteristic macrophage granules, which are round (average diameter: 280 nm) and have a halo between the limiting membrane and granular matrix. Mature epithelioid cells have characteristic epithelioid cell granules, and multinucleated giant cells a heterogeneous population of granules. Fusing macrophages generally have their Golgi areas facing each other, and also show a reduced thickness of the cell coat. The morphology of the multinucleated giant cell is closely related to the number of nuclei present. In Langhans-type giant cells, which generally have two to ten nuclei, a giant centrosphere with numerous aggregated centrioles is found. In transition forms between Langhans-type and foreign-body-type giant cells, which generally contain 10–30 nuclei, the centrioles show less aggregation. In the foreign-body-type giant cells, which generally have more than 30 nuclei, centrioles are virtually absent and never aggregated. These differences between the Langhans-type giant cells, the foreign-body-type giant cells, and the transition forms, support our previous finding that Langhans-type giant cells are the precursors of foreign-body-type giant cells.
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  • 58
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    Cell & tissue research 198 (1979), S. 79-93 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Fat body ; Calliphora ; Metamorphosis ; Morphometry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the fat body of Calliphora a drastic reorganization of the cell structure, which is related to premetamorphic functional changes, can be observed during the 3rd larval stage of development. These changes include an accumulation of protein storage granules, a decrease in the relative volume of the mitochondria and the surface area of endoplasmic reticulum membrane, and the disappearance of vacuoles. “Absolute” values obtained for organelle areas and membrane perimeters confirm the assumption that large numbers of organelles are eliminated by autophagic activity prior to the pupation period. A temporary restoration of the endoplasmic reticulum is found immediately before pupariation. Large variations in organelle density were found between individual fat cells and between the nuclear, mid- and peripheral regions of the cytoplasm.
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  • 59
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 135-139 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Benzodiazepinen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Metaboliten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die DC-Trennung von 14 1,4- bzw. 1,5-Benzodiazepinen und 17 Hauptmetaboliten sowie die Detektion mit Bratton-Marshall-, Dragendorff- und Jodoplateat-Reagens werden beschrieben. Rf-Werte sowie die Reaktionen mit den Reagentien sind tabellarisch zusammengestellt und Biotransformationsschemata angegeben.
    Notes: Summary Experimental details for the separation are described and data are compiled for Rf-values and reactions with Bratton-Marshall, Dragendorff and iodoplateate-reagents. Biotransformation schemes for the individual benzodiazepines are presented.
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  • 60
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 288-288 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Ioxynil in Biolog. Material ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 263-265 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Alkoholen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; C1-C20, 6 Trennsysteme, Dinitrobenzoate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Thin-layer chromatography on rice starch, maize starch, cellulose and talc makes possible the separation of the homologous series of 3,5-dinitrobenzoates of aliphatic alcohols C1 to C20. Six different solvent systems have been employed. Dependence of R f-values on the number of C-atoms on various supports is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie auf Reisstärke, Maisstärke, Cellulose und Talk wurde die homologe Reihe der 3,5-Dinitrobenzoate von aliphatischen Alkoholen C1 bis C20 getrennt. Sechs verschiedene Fließmittel wurden benutzt. Die Abhängigkeit der R f-Werte von der Zahl der C-Atome auf verschiedene Schichten wird diskutiert.
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  • 62
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 272-272 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Arylazopyraolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 36-41 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Antimikrobiellen Verbindungen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Trennung und Identifizierung von halogenierten, vorwiegend aliphatischen antimikrobiellen Verbindungen, von Formaldehyd abgebenden Substanzen und von Sulfonsäure-Derivaten auf dünnschicht-chromatographischem Wege wird beschrieben. Die Trennung erfolgt auf einer Kieselgel-Cellulose-Mischschicht mit Äthylacetat/Methanol/10% Ammoniak (65+30+5) als Laufmittel. Zur Sichtbarmachung und zur Identifizierung sind mehrere Sprühmittel notwendig: äthanolischeMethylgelb-Lösung mit anschließender UV-Bestrahlung, Phenylhydrazinsulfonat und Natronlauge sowie Hydroxylamin/Eisen(III)-chlorid und Nitroprussidnatrium-Kaliumhexacyanoferrat (III) u. a. Anhand der verschiedenen Rf-Werte und der Anfärbungen lassen sich die antimikrobiellen Verbindungen rasch und einfach identifizieren.
    Notes: Summary The analysis of halogenated, mainly aliphatic compounds, of formaldehyde donors and of derivatives of sulphonic acid is described. The separation is carried out on plates coated with a mixed layer of silica gel and cellulose and a solvent mixture of ethylacetate/methanol/10% ammonia (65+30+5), whereas for the detection and identification several spray reagents have to be used: ethanolic solution of Methyl Yellow with subsequent UV irradiation, phenylhydrazine-4-sulphonic acid and sodium hydroxide, hydroxylamine/iron(III) chloride, sodium nitroprusside/potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) and others. The Rf-values and the colourations of the spots allow to identify the examined compounds rapidly and without further chemical procedures.
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 42-42 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von anorg. Ionen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; DCTA-imprägniert
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 414-414 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Identifizierung von Arylhydrazin-benzylsulfonylmethylpyrazolinonen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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  • 66
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 299 (1979), S. 207-207 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Sulfonamiden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
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  • 67
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    Publication Date: 1979-03-16
    Description: Subcutaneous injections of naloxone, an opiate antagonist, lead to an increase in serum luteinizing hormone concentrations in female but not in male rats before they reach puberty. In addition, estradiol benzoate specifically blocks the luteinizing hormone response to naloxone in prepubertal female rats, suggesting that the opioid peptides have a physiological role in the endocrine events leading to sexual maturation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blank, M S -- Panerai, A E -- Friesen, H G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 16;203(4385):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424743" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood/*secretion ; Male ; Naloxone/antagonists & inhibitors/pharmacology ; Rats ; Secretory Rate/drug effects ; Sexual Maturation/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The metabolism of americium-241 has been studied during an 8-year period in an adult male and his son who, at the ages of 50 and 4 years, respectively, were accidentally and unknowingly contaminated within their home by means of inhalation. Chelation therapy with calcium trisodium pentetate was more effective in enhancing the removal of americium-241 from the child than from the father.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, N -- Sasso, T L -- Wrenn, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Americium/*metabolism/poisoning ; Body Burden ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Chelating Agents/*therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged
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  • 69
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Sediment in human urine examined by transmission electron microscopy contains amphibole fibers which originate from the ingestion of drinking water contaminated with these mineral fibers. The ingestion of filtered water results in the eventual disappearance of amphibole fibers from urine. These observations provide the first direct evidence for the passage of mineral fibers through the human gastro-intestinal mucosa under normal conditions of the alimentary canal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook, P M -- Olson, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):195-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/metabolism ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicon Dioxide/metabolism/*urine ; *Water Pollutants ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical
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  • 70
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: The transmission of the Z deficient allele of alpha 1-antitrypsin was studied in 23 families, each with a single parent heterozygous for this allele. When the mother carried the Z allele, the distribution of phenotypes in the children did not differ significantly from the expected frequency. In contrast, when the father was the carrier, a significant increase of heterozygous phenotypes was observed in the children. This observation suggests that a selective advantage is associated with the expression of the Z allele in male gametes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chapuis-Cellier, C -- Arnaud, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):407-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/313077" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alleles ; Child ; Female ; Heterozygote Detection ; Humans ; Male ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sex Factors ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/genetics ; *alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 1979-02-09
    Description: Incubation with specific antigen, myelin basic protein, greatly enhances the ability of guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells to transfer experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Reproducibly successful transfers are obtained with 10(7) cells. With this relatively small number of cells, in vitro studies to determine the immunologic mechanisms involved in the disease process are now possible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Driscoll, B F -- Kies, M W -- Alvord, E C Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 9;203(4380):547-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83676" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens ; Ascitic Fluid/*cytology/immunology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Division ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology/*transmission ; Exudates and Transudates/immunology ; Guinea Pigs ; Immunization, Passive ; Male ; Myelin Basic Protein/immunology
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: The hypothesis was tested that an acute rise of blood pressure may reduce reactivity to noxious stimuli through a baroreceptor-mediated reduction of cerebral arousal. When blood pressure was raised by an infusion of phenylephrine, rats showed less running to terminate or avoid noxious stimuli than during saline infusions. This effect was not seen in rats with denervated baroreceptors. The results suggest that a rise of blood pressure could have motivational consequences significant for human hypertension.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dworkin, B R -- Filewich, R J -- Miller, N E -- Craigmyle, N -- Pickering, T G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1299-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472749" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/drug effects/*physiology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Hypertension/*physiopathology ; Male ; Motivation/physiology ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Pressoreceptors/*physiology ; Rats
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  • 73
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-03-02
    Description: The concentrations of hormones in the plasma of male red-winged blackbirds caught at the height of an aggressive encounter are significantly different from those in males that have not recently engaged in aggressive behavior. Concentrations of luteinizing hormone in the plasma are decreased in the aggressive males, whereas androgen concentrations are affected in a more complex manner. Concentrations of corticoids do not appear to be affected by aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harding, C F -- Follett, B K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 2;203(4383):918-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/570304" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Birds/*physiology ; Corticosterone/blood ; Dihydrotestosterone/blood ; Hormones/*blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Testosterone/blood
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: It has been suggested that the inverted hand position of left-handers during writing indicates the left hemisphere of their brain is linguistically specialized and that the writing of these left-handers may be controlled via ipsilateral pathways. Electroencephalograph alpha asymmetry measures at central and parietal leads, as well as dichotic tests, differentiated right-handers from left-handers, but not inverters from noninverters. Electroencephalograph differences between hand posture groups did appear, but only at occipital leads during reading and writing tasks. Regardless of hand posture or speech lateralization, the right central region of the brain is significantly involved in the control of left-handed writing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herron, J -- Galin, D -- Johnstone, J -- Ornstein, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1285-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472745" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Perception/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Movement ; *Posture ; Speech/physiology ; Visual Perception/physiology ; *Writing
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  • 75
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: The intraventricular injection of D-alanine-methionine-enkephalinamide (D-Ala2-Met-enkephalinamide), a synthetic analog of Met-enkephalin that is resistant to enzymatic degradation, inhibits copulatory behavior in sexually vigorous male rats in doses which do not influence motor activity or feeding behavior. This effect is prevented by naloxone, a specific inhibitor of opioid receptors. In addition, injections of naloxone induce copulatory behavior in sexually inactive male rats. These results suggest that endorphins play an important role in the regulation of sexual behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gessa, G L -- Paglietti, E -- Quarantotti, B P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):203-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copulation/*drug effects ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Feeding Behavior/drug effects ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: A new quantitative assay for studying the kinetics of vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo is reported. The assay was used to determine the specific activity of DNA from rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells stimulated to grow by removal of the endothelial layer. The specific activity of the DNA was correlated with the rate of tritiated thymidine incorporation as measured by autoradiography and with the rate of DNA synthesis as estimated by direct measurement of cellular proliferation. Smooth muscle cells exhibit a 24-hour latent period in vivo prior to DNA synthesis; the synthesis peaks at 48 hours and then rapidly declines. The decline in DNA synthesis is not related to endothelial regrowth, and may be of homeostatic significance in limiting luminal stenosis. The assay offers a rapid and reliable alternative to autoradiographic and morphometric techniques for evaluating growth kinetics and growth regulation in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldberg, I D -- Stemerman, M B -- Schnipper, L E -- Ransil, B J -- Crooks, G W -- Fuhro, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):920-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/*cytology ; Arteriosclerosis/metabolism/pathology ; Cell Division ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Endothelium/cytology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth/*cytology/metabolism ; Rabbits
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 1979-02-16
    Description: By means of two-stage, nonlinear multivariate pattern recognition, electroencephalograms (EEG's) were analyzed during performance of verbal and spatial tasks. Complex scalp distributions of theta-, beta-, and, to a lesser extent, alpha-band spectral intensities discriminated between the two members of a pair of tasks, such as writing sentences and Koh's block design. Small EEG asymmetries were probably attributable to limb movements and other uncontrolled noncognitive aspects of tasks. Significant EEG differences beteeen cognitive tasks were eliminated when controls for inter-task differences in efferent activity, stimulus characteristics, and performance-related factors were introduced. Each controlled task was associated with an approximately 10 percent reduction, as compared with visual fixation, in the magnitude of alpha- and beta-band spectral intensity. This effect occurred bilaterally and was approximately the same over occipital, parietal, and central regions, with some minor difference over the frontal region in the beta band. With these controls, no evidence for lateralization of different cognitive functions was found in the EEG.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gevins, A S -- Zeitlin, G M -- Doyle, J C -- Yingling, C D -- Schaffer, R E -- Callaway, E -- Yeager, C L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):665-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; *Electroencephalography ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/physiology ; Movement ; Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology
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  • 78
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The uptake of 45Ca2+ by nerve-ending fractions from brains of mice was inhibited in vitro by 10(-9)M concentrations of beta-endorphin and in mice injected intraventricularly with 7 picomoles of beta-endorphin. That the effect was a specific opiate agonist response of beta-endorphin was demonstrated by use of the opiate antagonist, naloxone, which reversed the action. A role for beta-endorphin in the regulation of calcium flux and neurotransmitter release should be considered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guerrero-Munoz, F -- de Lourdes Guerrero, M -- Way, E L -- Li, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):89-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Tolerance ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Rats ; Synaptosomes/*drug effects/metabolism
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Unilateral lesion of the locus coeruleus and the resultant norepinephrine depletion in the ipsilateral cerebrum alters the relationship between cerebral metabolic demands and local delivery of oxygen and substrates. This effect of norepinephrine depletion is demonstrated by slower recovery of the redox ratio of cytochrome a,a3 during increased metabolic demands induced by local cortical stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harik, S I -- LaManna, J C -- Light, A I -- Rosenthal, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):69-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Cytochromes/*metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; Evoked Potentials ; Locus Coeruleus/*physiology ; Male ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Rats ; Spectrophotometry
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: Papillary fibroblasts, when compared to reticular fibroblasts from the same skin specimen, exhibit greater proliferative capacities in vitro. These results demonstrate a difference in function between morphologically similar cells obtained from the same tissue. Such findings represent an important consideration in the study of cell aging in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harper, R A -- Grove, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):526-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Humans ; Male ; Skin/*cytology
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  • 81
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-07-20
    Description: Close study of 3-hydroxybutyrate uptake by brain suggests that its metabolism is limited by permeability. Furthermore, the permeability characteristics vary from region to region; areas known to have no blood-brain barrier show the highest rate of utilization. The results imply that rather than substitute fuels, ketone bodies should be considered supplements which partially supply specific areas but are incapable of supporting the entire energy requirement of all brain regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hawkins, R A -- Biebuyck, J F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 20;205(4403):325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/*metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Hydroxybutyrates/metabolism ; Ketone Bodies/*metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Starvation/metabolism
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Higginson, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1363-4, 1366.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472753" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior ; *Carcinogens ; Diet ; *Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Neoplasms/*etiology ; Stress, Psychological/complications
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 1979-01-19
    Description: Immunoreactive beta-endorphin was measured in the ventricular fluid of six patients with chronic pain. Stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter in three patients with pain of peripheral origin resulted in significant increases (50 to 300 percent) in the concentration of ventricular immunoreactive beta-endorphin. In three other patients suffering deafferentation dysesthesia, stimulation of the posterior limb of the internal capsule did not alter the concentration of this peptide. These results provide evidence of the release of human immunoreactive beta-endorphin in vivo and suggest that naloxone-reversible pain relief achieved by stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter may be in part mediated by the activation of beta-endorphin-rich diencephalic areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hosobuchi, Y -- Rossier, J -- Bloom, F E -- Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 19;203(4377):279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Brain/*physiology ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Electric Stimulation ; Endorphins/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Enkephalins/cerebrospinal fluid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palliative Care/methods ; Radioimmunoassay
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  • 84
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-01-26
    Description: Progesterone receptors in the autonomous rat mammary tumor MTW-9B are reduced 80 to 90 percent after ovariectomy, but are not reduced if ovariectomized animals are given estrogen. Tumor growth, however, is independent of estrogen status and insensitive to pharmacological doses of estradiol. This represents an unusual system characterized by a selective action of an inducing agent on the genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ip, M -- Milholland, R J -- Rosen, F -- Kim, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 26;203(4378):361-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism/pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis/drug effects/*metabolism
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: A direct method has been employed to estimate the rate of production by human brain of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol, the major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, a brain neurotransmitter. Venous specimens were obtained from the internal jugular vein from ten awake human subjects at a puncture site above the common facial vein, the first major source of extracranial inflow. Arterial specimens were simultaneously obtained from the radial artery. Plasma samples were assayed and a highly significant difference was found in the concentration of the metabolite in plasma coming out of the brain (venous blood) as compared to plasma entering the brain (arterial blood). This venous-arterial difference was calculated to be 0.7 +/- 0.1 nanogram per milliliter of blood. Assuming an adult brain weight of 1400 grams and normal cerebral blood flow, it is estimated that the rate of production of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by the awake human brain is approximately 597 nanograms per minute or 35.8 micrograms per hour. Urine specimens were also collected from six of these subjects during a period of 1 to 3.5 hours, which bracketed the time the blood samples were obtained. For these six subjects the output of 3-methyoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by whole brain was estimated to be 40.9 micrograms per hour, whereas the rate of its excretion into urine was 64.5 micrograms per hour.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maas, J W -- Hattox, S E -- Greene, N M -- Landis, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1025-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Glycols/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol/blood/*metabolism/urine ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/metabolism
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 1979-05-11
    Description: Differential spread of afterdischarge activity initiated electrically in ventral and dorsal parts of the hippocampal formation was studied by the [14C]deoxyglucose technique in rats. Afterdischarges initiated in either the ventral or dorsal hippocampal formation, without activation of the ventral subicular cortex, increased glucose utilization in the lateral septum. In contrast, afterdischarges initiated by direct activation of the ventral subicular cortex increased glucose utilization in extensive areas of the ipsilateral amygdala, claustrum, hypothalamus, preoptic region, and basal forebrain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kliot, M -- Poletti, C E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 11;204(4393):641-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432672" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Mapping ; Deoxy Sugars/*metabolism ; Deoxyglucose/*metabolism ; Diencephalon/metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Epilepsy/physiopathology ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Male ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Rats
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 1979-01-26
    Description: When rabbits are infected with Pasteurella multocida, the concentration of iron in their plasma decreases and their rectal temperature rises. To determine whether the rise in body temperature (fever) and the fall in plasma iron may be a coordinated host defense response, Pasteurella multocida were grown in vitro at various temperatures and iron concentrations. At afebrile temperatures the bacteria grew equally well at low or high concentrations of iron. However, when the temperature of the bath was raised to a febrile temperature the growth of the bacteria was inhibited by the low, but not the high, iron concentrations. These data support the hypothesis that one of the mechanisms behind the adaptive (or beneficial) role of fever is the reduced ability of pathogenic bacteria to grow well at elevated temperatures in an iron-poor medium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kluger, M J -- Rothenburg, B A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 26;203(4378):374-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760197" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Fever/blood/*physiopathology ; Iron/*blood ; Longevity ; Male ; Pasteurella/growth & development ; Pasteurella Infections/physiopathology ; Rabbits
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  • 88
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-12-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 21;206(4425):1386-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; Diet, Sodium-Restricted ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction/etiology/prevention & control
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  • 89
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):985-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/112680" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/physiopathology ; Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/*growth & development ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Preoptic Area/growth & development ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/metabolism
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  • 90
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: The distribution of mass in an object held in the hand, as described by its moment of inertia, is a fundamental and potent but largely unrecognized contributor to the object's "feel." A limited set of experiments has produced Weber fractions for human differential sensitivity to this property in the approximate range of 1/5 to 1/3, which is about ten times the Weber fraction reported for lifted weights.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kreifeldt, J G -- Chuang, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):588-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biophysical Phenomena ; *Biophysics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Weight Perception/*physiology
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  • 91
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: When placed in a tank of water, aged rats (24 to 27 months old) showed marked impairments in swimming. Compared with young adult rats (3 to 4 months old), the older animals moved their limbs less vigorously and were less successful in keeping their heads above water. The young, but not old, rats maintained a position nearly horizontal to the water surface and planed across it. These movement dysfunctions of aged rats resemble those seen in young adult animals that have sustained injury to brain dopamine-containing neurons. The swimming impairments of the aged rats were reversed by the dopamine receptor stimulant apomorphine and by the biosynthetic precursor of dopamine, L-dopa. Thus, age-related alterations in brain dopaminergic systems may be responsible for some of the movement disturbances associated with senescence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, J F -- Berrios, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):477-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Apomorphine/therapeutic use ; Levodopa/therapeutic use ; Male ; Movement Disorders/drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/*physiology ; Swimming ; Time Factors
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  • 92
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):677-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/223241" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Cholesterol/*blood/metabolism ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, HDL/*blood ; Lipoproteins, LDL/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/etiology ; Risk ; Running ; Sex Factors ; Tissue Distribution
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  • 93
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-06-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1187.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/221976" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; Coxsackievirus Infections/*complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/etiology/*microbiology ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Humans ; Male
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  • 94
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Single-dose administration of pergolide mesylate (100 to 400 micrograms) results in a dose-related inhibition of prolactin secretion which persists for more than 24 hours. During multiple-dose administration of pergolide, plasma prolactin concentrations remain markedly reduced (greater than 80 percnet) and gradually return to control levels several days after drug administration is discontinued.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lemberger, L -- Crabtree, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ergolines/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Placebos ; Prolactin/blood ; Receptors, Dopamine/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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  • 95
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: A defect in the binding of insulin to circulating monocytes occurs when obese patients are hospitalized and fed a liberal carbohydrate diet. Under ordinary circumstances, most obese patients have normal insulin binding despite very high concentrations of serum insulin. These results show that insulin does not necessarily regulate its own receptor in vivo--as it does in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Misbin, R I -- O'Leary, J P -- Pulkkinen, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1003-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Obesity/*metabolism ; Physical Exertion ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
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  • 96
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-08-03
    Description: Human platelets were induced by 2.1-megahertz ultrasound to form aggregates around gas-filled pores in membranes immersed in platelet-rich plasma. The spatial peak intensities required were only about 16 to 32 milliwatts per square centimeter. Ultrasound generated by a medical Doppler device, whose intensity exceeded this, induced aggregate formation under the same conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, D L -- Nyborg, W L -- Whitcomb, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):505-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451616" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Platelets/radiation effects/*ultrastructure ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Platelet Aggregation/*radiation effects ; *Ultrasonics
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  • 97
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-11-02
    Description: Male Anopheles mosquitoes erect their antennal hairs prior to mating. The erectile mechanism resides in a unique annulus at the base of each hair whorl. It appears that the insect regulates the degree of hydration of this annulus. When the annulus is made to swell the attached hairs are pushed to their erect position.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nijhout, H F -- Sheffield, H G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):595-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Hair/physiology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Microvilli/physiology ; Movement ; Proteins/physiology ; Water
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 1979-12-07
    Description: After mature rats that had been fed on a vitamin D3-deficient diet were injected with tritium-labeled 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, radioactivity became concentrated in nuclei of luminal and cryptal epithelium of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon; in nuclei of the epithelium of kidney distal tubules including the macula densa, and in podocytes of glomeruli; in nuclei of the epidermis including outer hairshafts and sebaceous glands; and in nuclei of certain cells of the stomach, anterior and posterior pituitary, and parathyroid. These results reveal cell types that contain receptors for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or metabolites of this compound both in known or hypothesized target tissues and in tissues that were previously unknown to participate in vitamin D3 metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stumpf, W E -- Sar, M -- Reid, F A -- Tanaka, Y -- DeLuca, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1188-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505004" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Digestive System/*metabolism ; Dihydroxycholecalciferols/*metabolism ; Hydroxycholecalciferols/*metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Kidney/*metabolism ; Male ; Parathyroid Glands/*metabolism ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Skin/*metabolism ; Stomach/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: In the presence of low-intensity pulsed microwave radiation, at an average power density of 1 milliwatt per square centimeter, the response-rate-increasing effects of chlordiazepoxide were potentiated in rats. The behavioral effects of a drug can be modified by brief exposure to a low-level microwave field even when the radiation level alone has no apparent effects on the behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomas, J R -- Burch, L S -- Yeandle, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1357-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424759" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects/*radiation effects ; Chlordiazepoxide/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Male ; *Microwaves ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: The decrease in resting oxygen consumption induced by starvation was found to occur not only in euthyroid rats but also in hypothyroid and even in hypothyroid animals treated with triiodothyronine. Furthermore, the effectiveness of triiodothyronine was decreased when given to hypothyroid animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wimpfheimer, C -- Saville, E -- Voirol, M J -- Danforth, E Jr -- Burger, A G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1272-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/224460" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Energy Metabolism/drug effects ; Hypothyroidism/metabolism ; Male ; Oxygen Consumption/*drug effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/drug effects ; Starvation/*metabolism ; Triiodothyronine/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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