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  • Articles  (251,238)
  • 1940-1944  (107,844)
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, PANGAEA
    Publication Date: 2019-11-27
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 2
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    Annalen der Hydrographie ·und Maritimen Meteorologie
    In:  EPIC3Berlin, Annalen der Hydrographie ·und Maritimen Meteorologie
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2018-09-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 4
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    The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan
    In:  EPIC3Japan, The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan
    Publication Date: 2016-10-18
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 5
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.78 (1940) nr.1 p.237
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The genus Praravinia was created by KORTHALS (in TEMMINCK, Verhand. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Overz. Bezitt., Bot., p. 189, tab. 41, 1839-1842) for a plant which he had collected in the south-eastern part of Borneo. He described it as similar in habit and doubtless nearly related to Urophyllum WALL. His diagnosis of the genus, however, does not substantiate this point of view, for it contains two statements which seem to exclude the possibility of a near affinity: the aestivation of the corolla lobes is described as imbricate, whereas in Urophyllum and its allies it is always valvate, and the number of corolla lobes is said to be half as large as that of the stamens, a condition unknown not only in Urophyllum but in the whole family. As in the description of the species the aestivation is correctly set down as valvate, the first statement need not trouble us: the word “imbricate” in the generic diagnosis is obviously a slip of the pen. The other statement, however, is repeated in the description of the species, but it strikes one as anomalous that immediately afterwards the 8—12 stamens are said to alternate with the corolla lobes, as this of course would be impossible when the latter were but half as numerous as the first. The discrepancy between the number of the corolla lobes and of the stamens led MIQUEL in his “Flora Indiae Batavae II, p. 225 (1857)” to consider Praravinia as a quite singular genus, rather out of place in the family Rubiaceae: it reminded him, he says, of the Samydeae (Flacourtiaceae). When he wrote this, he knew the genus merely from the description given by KORTHALS, but afterwards he found an opportunity to study the latter’s material. In his “De quibusdam Rubiaceis, Apocyneis et Asclepiadeis” (Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. IV, p. 136, 1869) he proposes, as a result of this investigation, to exclude the genus from the Rubiaceae, and to raise it to family rank. The new family, for which he introduces the name Metrocladeaceae, should be regarded, however, as nearly related to the Rubiaceae. The description of the genus given by MIQUEL is much more detailed than the original one, but it unfortunately repeats its principal errors: the corolla is described as 4- to 6-merous, and its aestivation as imbricate. The male flower dissected by him is preserved in the Utrecht Herbarium; it is a fairly young bud, opened by a longitudinal slit. The corolla lobes had apparently been separated by a slight pressure, but I at once got the impression that it had been insufficient to effect a complete separation, and that the lobes were still cohering in pairs. I have boiled the flower therefore once more, and by exercising in my turn a slight pressure I succeeded in setting all the lobes free. Since then I have seen mature flowers of this and other species in which the isomery of corolla and androecium was unmistakable. MIQUEL’s speculations on the taxonomic position of the genus were based therefore on a false supposition, and need no further consideration; the analysis carried out below will show that KORTHALS was quite right when he placed Praravinia in the neighbourhood of Urophyllum.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
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  • 6
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.34 (1936) nr.1 p.688
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The bogs of S. E. Groningen are part of the great peat-marshes extending from S. E. Drente as far as N.W. Germany inclusive. So far as the territory of Westerwolde is concerned, people have begun digging off very early. According to the map by Krayenhoff in 1816 nearly the whole peat-marsh westward from the line Blijham—Termaarsch had already been reclaimed, only a few parts still being covered with the original peat-layer (cf. map, fig. 1). The digging off east of the above line commences at the beginning of the 19th century on the borderland of Groningen and Drente. Borings were performed in three places and the samples pollenanalytically and stratigraphically examined.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 7
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.83 (1942) nr.1 p.147
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Of the family Oenotheraceae the genus Jussieua is the only one occurring in Suriname. The peculiar Oocarpon torulosum (Arn.) Urb., which has been recorded from Amazonian Peru, Brazil, British and French Guiana, Cuba and Santo Domingo, has up till now not been collected in the colony, but on account of its presence in the neighbouring countries it is there also to be expected. As for the name of the only Suriname genus, it was spelled by LINNAEUS in Genera Plantarum, ed. I (1737), p. 126, Jussieua but afterwards in his Flora Zeylanica (1747), p. 75, changed in Jussiaea.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 8
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.77 (1940) nr.1 p.198
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The name Pleiocarpidia was coined by K. SCHUMANN (ENGLER und PRANTL, Natürliche Pflanzenfamilien, Nachträge I, p. 314, 1897) for a genus described in 1873 by HOOKER f. (BENTHAM et HOOKER, Genera Plantarum II (1), p. 71) as Aulacodiscus: HOOKER’S genus had to be rebaptized, because the name Aulacodiscus had been used already in 1844 by EHRENBERG for a genus belonging to the Diatomeae. A proposal made by O. KUNTZE(POST et KUNTZE, Lexicon, 1904) to change the spelling of the name introduced by SCHUMANN in Pliocarpidia can not be accepted, as there is no rule prescribing the transcription of the Greek diphthong in the manner advocated by the proposer. The plant on which HOOKER’S genus was founded, a small tree not uncommon in the Malay Peninsula, had been described already several years before by WIGHT (Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. VII, p. 144, 1847) under the name Axanthes enneandra. The specific epithet points to the presence of nine stamens in the flower, but this is exceptional: in the flowers investigated by me the ordinary number proved to be seven. The genus Axanthes Bl., to which the species had been referred by WIGHT, was reduced shortly afterwards by BENTHAM and HOOKER f. (Niger Flora,p. 396,1849) and independently by KORTHALS (Ned. Kruidk. Arch. II, 2, p. 194,1851) to Urophyllum Wall. Later HOOKER made an exception for Axanthes enneandra Wight. The flowers of this plant were described by him as 8- to 16-merous, and on account of this character and of the presence of a “peltate stigma” he referred it to a new genus. Afterwards a second species from the same region was described by KING and GAMBLE under the name Aulacodiscus Maingayi, but this proved identical with the first (cf. RIDLEY, Flora of the Malay Peninsula II, p. 64, 1923). A really new species, however, was found in Mindanao: it was described by Merrill as Pleiocarpidia lanaensis.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 9
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.39 (1936) nr.1 p.770
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: E sectione Peltaea, Pavoniae speciosae H.B.K. proxima, sed forma folorium, indumento, involucri phyllis peltatis diversa. Suffrutex, caule minute stellato-piloso glabrescente, linea singula pilis simplicibus longioribus vestita in primo internodio ramulorum lateralium adaxiale notato. Folia breviter petiolata, petiolis tomentellis 2—4 mm longis, oblongo-elliptica, elliptica vel ellipticolanceolata, 3—5 cm longa, 1.25—1.5 cm lata trinervia basi acuta vel obtusa, superiora 5-nervia, basi subcordata, acutissima vel subacuminata, margine regulariter serrato-dentata, supra minute stellato-pilosa, oculo nudo glabra, infra dense sed minute stellatotomentella. Flores in axillis foliorum vel in apice ramulorum 2—3-glomeratis, bracteis ovato-triangularibus suffulti, plerumque subsessiles, interdum usque ad 4 mm pedicellati. Involucri phylla fere io linearia birta uniserialia, basi paullo connata, apice lamina foliacea peltata, id est supra basin affixa, anguste elliptica hirta, basi rotundata, apice acuta, appendiculata, 4 mm longa. Calyx cupuliformis, ultra medium incisus, 4—9 mm longus, lobis acutis hirtis, nervis trinis conspicuis, binis intermediis brevibus vel nullis. Petala 2.5—3 cm longa, teste collectore roseo-rubra, sicca rosea, basi atropurpurea. Stamina et styli more generis. Carpella 4 mm longa, mutica, dorso costa perpendiculari instructa, transverse nervosa, dense pubescentia.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 10
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.22 (1935) nr.1 p.282
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Culmi robusti, foliati. Folia lata, linearia, trinervia. Inflorescentia corymboso-paniculata, multispiculata. Spiculae (”spicae” multorum auctorum) parvae, multiflorae. Flores hermaphroditi (”spiculae androgynae” auctorum) perianthio utriculiformi, compresso, vix carinato, staminibus (”floribus masculinis monandris” auctorum) tribus, binis lateralibus tertio anteriore, ovario (”flore foemineo terminali nudo” auctorum) rostrato, basi angustato, haud stipitato, styli ramis ternis. Nux tri-costata, rugulosa. Generi Hypolytro L. C. Rich. proxima, a quo differt styli ramis tribus et nuce tri-costata. A Thoracostachyo et Paramapania, quibuscum stigmatum numero convenit, et structura florum et perianthio connato et nucis forma longe diversa, faciliter dignoscenda. Mapaniae potius affinis, sed ab omnibus speciebus huius generis inflorescentia a plerisque etiam perianthio connato discrepat.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 11
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.80 (1942) nr.1 p.293
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Among the Acanthaceae grown in the glasshouses of the University Botanic Garden, Utrecht, a plant labelled Aphelandra velutina drew my attention, first, because it obviously belonged to an entirely different genus, and secondly, because a description under this name could nowhere be found. The coincidence of these two grounds for bewilderment might be explained by assuming that Aphelandra was merely a perversion, probably caused by the inadvertency of a transcriber, of the true generic name. This sounded plausible enough, but the name itself could not be found, for all attempts to refer the plant to one of the existing genera failed. It looked as if the plant might have been described somewhere, but for the time being there was no indication at all as to the whereabouts of this description. A clue to the origin of the name was obtained some time afterwards when I found in the Utrecht herbarium a specimen belonging to the same species which was labelled Eranthemum velutinum: the specific epithet, therefore, was the same, but the generic name was different and, as I will show presently, nearer to the mark. The specimen, which dated from 1922, had been collected by the roadside in the Buitenzorg suburb Kotta Paris, and had apparently been named by an official of the Buitenzorg Botanic Gardens. It is, however, certainly no native Javanese plant, for the flora of Java, and particularly that of Buitenzorg, is well known, and a rather conspicuous plant like this one could not have escaped the attention: it was obviously a runaway from one of the neighbouring gardens.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 12
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.20 (1935) nr.1 p.262
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The genus Trymatococcus has been published in 1838 by Poeppig and Endlicher in Nova Genera ac Spec. Plant II. p. 30, and the genus was based on the species T. amazonicus. In 1876 Baillon added the species T. africanus to the genus. This gave a peculiar distribution for a genus with two species only: one in the Amazone region and one in West Africa. Later on several new species from Africa were described: three by Engler (T. kamerunianus, dorstenioides, and Conrauanus), one by De Wildeman (T. Gilletii) and one by Pellegrin (T. oligogyna). In 1922 (Archivos do Jardim Botanico Rio de Janeiro vol III. p. 22) Ducke described a second species from Amazonian Brazil (T. paraensis) and said in the notes to this new species that Lanessania turbinata Baill. should be transferred to the genus Trymatococcus and published a new combination (T. turbinatus Ducke). In 1925 (Archives IV. p. I) he emphasized his statements Trymatococcus and published a new combination (T. turbinatus as well as turbinatus and amazonicus have the stamens erect in the bud and not inflexed as was described in the former publications. He also emphasized that the place of Trymatococcus in the system has to be changed and the genus has to take the place taken up to this moment by Lanessania. Among the material of the Moraceae from Surinam which I am studying for the Flora of Surinam, I found also a Trymatococcus species. By the study of this genus I was struck by the peculiar geographic distribution of the genus, which fully supported my observations on the Euphorbiaceae (cf. Lanjouw, The Euphorbiaceae of Surinam pp. 70—84). For the preparation of a map of this distribution I studied the african species and after a careful examination I noted a number of important differences between the african species and the american ones. Part of these differences were never noticed before and no attention has ever been given to these facts. The first error in this case was made by Baillon. Most probably he had not seen T. amazonicus Poepp. et Endl. when he described his T. africanus. This is still more striking as he described in the same paper his genus Lanessania based on L. turbinata, which is a true Trymatococcus species. It is very curious that it was not possible for Baillonto observe his mistake because in his Histoire des Plantes (vol. VI. p. 199) he states „filamentis aestivatione inflexis vel nunc suberectis”. One can not understand why he did not observe that at least one of the species of Trymatococcus is the same as his genus Lanessania. After Baillon’s publication, we could say that we had got two type species, one american (Tr. amazonicus Poepp. et Endl.) and one african (Tr. africanus Baill.). Apparently Engler did not study exactly Tr. amazonicus Poepp. et Endl. when he described his new species though he states (Monogr. Afr. Pfl. fam. I. Morac. p. 28); ”Ein besonders auffallender Unterschied im Bau der Blüte und Frucht is nicht zu constatieren; bei der amerikanischen Art sind die männlichen Blüten dreimännig mit dreiteiliger Blütenhülle, bei den afrikanischen Arten sind sie zweimännig”. Likewise Ducke knew apparently only the american species when he pointed out the new place for this genus in the family. By these reasons only it is explained how confusion has crept into this genus. I have studied many specimens of Trymatococcus from the following herbaria: Berlin-Dahlem, British Museum (Natural History Museum), Kew, Leiden, Paris and Utrecht. I wish to express mv sincere thanks to the directors for their hospitality or fore sending the material on loan.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 13
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.24 (1935) nr.1 p.438
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Es handelt sich hier um ein grosses, zusammenhängendes Hochmoorgebiet, das sich nord-süd über 20 km, ost-west über 10 km ausdehnt. Im Süden und Westen ist es grösstenteils abgetorft. Die besonders im Zentrum und Osten noch erhaltenen Teile sind durch die intensive Trockenlegung meist verheidet; stellenweise, so in den „Engbertsdijkvenen”, wo grosse Flächen heute wenig entwässert sind, findet sich eine lebende Sphagnumdecke (Taf. III). (Lit. 5). Das Moor liegt auf pleistozänem Untergrunde (Fluvioglazial der Riss-Eiszeit und Niederterrasse der Würmeiszeit); im Osten und Westen stosst es an diluviale Rücken; im Nordwesten bildet die Niederterrasse der Vechte die Grenze. Im Südosten und Osten schliesst sich eine ausgedehnte Versumpfungszone an, während sich im Westen zwischen den Hügeln isolierte, ähnliche Bildungen vorfinden. Es handelt sich hier wahrscheinlich um ein Entwässerungsgebiet des Hochmoores. Ein prae-rissglazialer mit nördlichen Erratica bestreuter Rücken dringt vom Osten her, parallel dem Vechtetal, ungefähr bis in die Mitte, in das Moor vor. Für eine ausführliche Angabe der geologischen Verhältnisse verweisen wir auf die „Geologische Kaart van Nederland” vom „Rijks Geologische Dienst” (Blätter Almeloo I und II; Koevorden III und IV). Wir sammelten eine Anzahl Probenreihen. Die angeführten Analysen beziehen sich auf eine süd-nord gerichtete Profillinie im östlichen Teil des Gebietes (Paterswal 1 u. 2, Engbertsdijk, Bruine Haar) und ein Punktprofil im Nordwesten (Boerendijk), nahe dem Vechtetal.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 14
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.32 (1936) nr.1 p.277
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: It is to be hoped, that the genus Pandanophyllum Hassk. never will revive, for it is based on a bad generic description and two nomina nuda, P. palustre Hassk. (Harassas tjaai) and P. humile Hassk., the first of which is supposed to indicate Mapania palustris (Steud.) Vill., while the other name has brought about much confusion, as it has been used for Hypolytrum humile (Steud.) Boeck. as well as for Mapania humilis (Miq., partly) Vill. The first validly published description of Pandanophyllum humile Hassk. nomen nudum in Cat. Pl. Hort. Bot. Bog. 1844, p. 297 has been given by Steudel in his Synopsis II (1855), p. 134 and is based upon a specimen collected in Java by Zollinger (n. 1511, Brit. Mus., Paris), belonging to the genus Hypolytrum. So this is the type-specimen of H. humile (Steud.) Boeck. in Linnaea XXXVII (1871—1873), p. 128. Bentham and Hooker, however, accepting the interpretation of Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. of Bengal XXXVIII, part 2 (1869), p. 82 and the revised opinion of Miquel in his Ill. Fl. Arch. Ind. (1871), p. 61, included both species in their section Pandanophyllum of Mapania (Gen. Pl. III, 1883, p. 1056). A quarter of a century later C. B. Clarke divided Benth. and Hooker’s section into two subgenera, viz. Pandanophyllum, including Mapania humilis Vill. and Halostemma (Wall.), including Mapania palustris (Steud.) Vill. Consequently our present section Pandanophyllum sensu Clarke probably excludes both species, which originally belonged to it. One might be inclined to rectify the mistake by changing the name of Halostemma into Pandanophyllum and coining a new name for the other subgenus, but the principal difficulty, caused by the ambiguity of Hasskarl’s generic description can not be solved in this manner. This description calls for a bifid style (perhaps referring to Hypolytrum humile Boeck.) and 3—5 spikelets (not appropriate to Mapania palustris Vill., highly improbable as to Mapania humilis Vill. and Hypolytrum humile Boeck.). The only way out of the difficulty is to reject the name Pandanophyllum as a nomen dubium in the sense of the rules of nomenclature (art. 63) and to rename the subgenus Pandanophyllum Benth. et Hook., sensu Clarke. I propose the name Pandanoscirpus.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 15
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.75 (1940) nr.1 p.133
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: JEAN BAPTISTE CHRISTOPHE FUSÉE AUBLET est né à Salon (Provence) le 4 nov. 1720 et mort à Paris le 6 mai 1778. Dès son enfance il se passionna pour l’étude des plantes. Il alla étudier la botanique à Montpellier. De Montpellier il se rendit à Lyon, où il fit la connaissance de CHRISTOPHE DE JUSSIEU et il s’engagea dans le service des hôpitaux de l’armée commandée par l’infant DON PHILIPPE. Dégoûté bientôt de la vie des camps, il prit son congé, et vint à Paris. Là il se logea dans la maison du chimiste VANEL, suivait les cours de chimie de ROUELLE, visitait les environs de Paris en naturaliste et consultait BERNARD DE JUSSIEU comme une bibliothèque, pour nous servir de son expression. Ensuite il s’engagea au service de l’état et fut chargé d’établir à l’île-de-France (Mauritius) une pharmacie centrale et un jardin de botanique. Il s’embarqua en décembre 1752 et arriva vers la fin du mois d’août suivant. Il y fit un séjour de neuf ans, pendant lequel il envoya maintes fois des collections de plantes, de minéraux et d’animaux à la patrie. A peine de retour en France, il reçut l’ordre de s’embarquer à Bordeaux pour la Guyane. Il mit à la voile le 20 mai 1762, et mouilla l’ancre le 23 juillet à l’île de Cayenne. Le 24 sept. 1764 AUBLET prit un moment la direction de l’établissement colonial du môle Saint-Nicolas à Saint Domingue; et au commencement de l’année suivante il revint en France. C’est à Paris qu’il profita des conseils de BERNARD DE JUSSIEU pour mettre en ordre ses collections de plantes et pour rédiger l’important ouvrage, qui a pour titre: Histoire des plantes de la Guiane françoise, Londres et Paris, 1775, 4 vol. in 4°, dont deux de planches. Ces notices biographiques ont été empruntées à la Nouvelle Biographie Universelle, vol. III, Paris, 1852 et à l’introduction précédant son livre et écrite par AUBLET lui-même.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 16
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.57 (1939) nr.1 p.446
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: As Prof. Bremekamp has dealt with the genus Pleiocraterium from the taxonomic point of view, I intend to supplement his exposition here with some observations on the ecology of these remarkable additions to the Malaysian mountain flora. Some of these observations have been included already in a general report on the results of the Losir expedition published in Dutch. As a further illustration I am giving two photographs taken from one of the two Sumatran species in its natural habitat. Altitude. Both species were found on the highest parts of the mountains only, viz. Pl. gentianifolium just below the summit of Mt Goh Lembuh, and Pl. sumatranum between our camp at the base of the central Peak of Mt Losir at c. 3250 m. and the summit of the latter at 3460 m. These two mountains lie rather far apart: Mt Losir is the highest top of the Barisan Range proper, whereas Mt Goh Lembuh is a more isolated mountain, rising c. 50 km. NNE of Mt Losir and separated from the latter by a wide depression. The two mountains also differ geologically.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 17
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.59 (1939) nr.1 p.460
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: La forme est le phénomène de la vie le plus important. Aussi on pourrait croire que toute étude biologique devait commencer par la forme. En effet aucune fonction n’est imaginable indépendante de la forme, tandis qu’on peut étudier la forme indépendemment de la fonction, par exemple à des objets morts. Cependant depuis Sachs le botaniste moderne est tellement possédé par les conceptions matérialistes et mécaniques, qu’il veut aussi expliquer causalement les formes organiques en oubliant que, même si toutes les formes sont matérielles, cela ne veut pas nécessairement dire que les lois physiques et chimiques qui dominent la matière sont capables d’expliquer la forme, c.à.d. l’organisation des êtres vivants. A l’aide de briques on peut bâtir des bâtiments les plus divers, mais on peut aussi bien construire ces mêmes bâtiments de bois ou de pierre naturelle: le matériel employé n’explique pas le projet de l’architecte. Ce n’est qu’en le contemplant et en le comparant à d’autres qu’on arrive à mieux le comprendre (von Veh, p. 139). La forme („type” ou „idée” dans la conception platonique) est indépendante de la matière. Elle est ce qui reste. C’est par la forme que passe le courant de la cause et de l’effet, comme l’eau passe par un endroit clair d’une rivière (Carus). La forme présente un des problèmes les plus difficiles de la biologie. Le physiologue et le morphologue (deux extrêmes psychologiques) commencent pour ainsi dire aux deux extrémités de la nature, chacun à sa manière (Troll, Meyer), l’un avec sa méthode physique et chimique, l’autre avec sa méthode comparative. Au domaine du premier appartient tout ce qui est dynamique: le métabolisme et la croissance, au domaine du second ce qui est statique: la forme. Que la feuille est la partie principale de la plante, sur cela les physiologues et les morphologues sont d’accord. Le premier la considère comme un organe qui a pour fonctions principales la CO2-assimilation et l’évaporation. Depuis Goethe le second considère tous les appendices de la tige, aussi bien les sépales que les pétales ainsi que les organes sexuels comme des feuilles métamorphosées. Même, sous l’impression de la phyllotaxie des frères Bravais, Nees d’Esenbeck croyait que „la plante n’est rien d’autre qu’une unité de feuilles reliées entre-elles par un ordre défini”. C’est pourquoi on peut aisément considérer la morphologie de la feuille comme le problème central de toute la morphologie. Il est intéressant de se rendre compte comment dans le courant des temps on a essayé d’approcher ce problème de divers côtés. Cela pourrait apporter quelque lumière sur les différentes tendances de l’étude scientifique et sur les manières de penser qui sont caractéristiques pour les différentes périodes.
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  • 18
    facet.materialart.
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.27 (1936) nr.1 p.156
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Notwithstanding the large amount of work spent by several botanists on this family, taxonomy does not appear very satisfactory, and a general agreement on generic limits has not yet been reached. The result has been a perplexing number of generic and sectional names. The present author apologizes for his adding to the number of interpretations. This study of American Sapotaceae, primarily undertaken in connection with the Flora of Surinam, could not have been completed without the generous loan of specimens by the herbaria at Brussels [B], Berlin—Dahlem [D], Kew [K], and Leyden [L]. In 1934 the author paid a short visit to the herbaria at Brussels [B] and at Paris [P]. The collections of this family at Paris are of special interest owing to the fact that they contain the material studied by Baillon, Pierre and Dubard, and bear numerous notes and analytical drawings, especially by Pierre, attached to the sheets. A number of British Guiana Sapotaceae from the Kew Herbarium was received for determination shortly afterwards. The author feels greatly indebted to the directors of the above mentioned Herbaria for their kind help, and particularly to Prof. Dr. A. Pulle, Utrecht, under whose direction this study was undertaken.
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  • 19
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.38 (1936) nr.1 p.758
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The genus Pausandra Radlk. belongs to the Tribe Cluytieae of the Euphorbiaceae. It was described by Radlkofer in 1870 in Flora LIII pp. 79—95. The genus is based on Thouinia Morisiana of Casaretto. In his paper Radlkofer discussed at length that this species does not belong to the Sapindaceous genus Thouinia, but represents a new genus of the Euphorbiaceae. As at that time female flowers were unknown Radlkofer stated that the systematic position of the new genus was still doubtful, but that most probably it should belong to a new subtribe of the Jatropheae. Two new species were described in the genus in 1873 by Baillon, P. Trianae Baill. based on Pogonophora Trianae Müll. Arg. which was published in 1864, and P. Martinii Baill. based on very young material and erroneously described by Baillon as being 3-merous, as will be discussed below. He placed the genus in the affinity of Argithamnia Sw., which is certainly not right as this genus is quite different both in habit and in flowercharacters. A fourth species was added by Müller Arg. in 1874 in Flora Brasiliensis XI. II., where he inserted the genus in the same group as was suggested by Radlkofer. No more species had been described when Pax published in 1911 his monograph of the Tribe Cluytieae Pax in Engler, Das Pflanzenreich IV. 147. III. He inserted the genus Pausandra Radlk, with the genera Givotia Griff, and Ricinodendron Müll. Arg. in a new subtribe Ricinodendrinae Pax. I think that this is the right position for the genus, though it could be placed in a separate subtribe for its penninerved, glanduliferous leaves and the capsular fruits. It was a pity that Pax published this monograph without studying the original material. He now copied Baillon’s bad descriptions and the lack of a thorough study on the genus caused the publication of several superfluous species in recent years. P. quadriglandulosa Pax et K. Hoffm. and P. extorris Standley described in 1919 and 1929 are the same as P. Trianae (Müll. Arg.) Baill. P. flagellorhachis Lanj. is identic with P. Martinii Baill., while it was proved that the latter species is not trimerous. P. integrifolia Lanj. could not be maintained in the genus. Only the two new species published by Ducke in 1925 were truly new ones. Moreover three new species were recognized in the recent collections made by Krukoff in Brazil. It is for all these reasons that it seemed to me highly desirable to give a new treatment of this genus. Perhaps several of the old and new species can be united, as one can find often only small differences, but for the present I think it advisable to keep them separate. Pausandra Radlk, has been described to be dioecious, but recently it has been proved in some species that they are monoecious, so it is probable that most of them are under special cicumstances.
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  • 20
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.56 (1939) nr.1 p.438
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Among the most remarkable finds made by Dr. van Steenis in the higher parts of the mountains of North Sumatra are a number of cushion plants. Two of these he recognized as Rubiaceae nearly related to Hedyotis verticillaris W. et A., a species occurring in similar habitats in the Nilgiri Hills, India, and in Ceylon. Hesitating, however, to express a definite opinion on their taxonomic position, he sent the material to me for further investigation. As I had occupied myself already for some time with the genus Hedyotis L. and its allies, this investigation offered me a Wellcome opportunity to test some of the principles which I had laid down for the subdivision of this group. Apart from the characters of the fruit I lay stress on the position of the inflorescence and on the form of the stipules. The name Hedyotis itself I wish to restrict to H. fruticosa L. and its nearest allies, i.e. to those species that are provided with terminal inflorescences, an ovary not distinctly produced beyond the insertion of the calyx, and fairly large drupes with apically and ventrally dehiscent pyrenes: to a group, therefore, which roughly agrees with Hedyotis section Diplophragma W. et A.
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  • 21
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.18 (1935) nr.1 p.203
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Recent study of the copious material of Melastomaceae conserved in the Botanisch Museum en Herbarium at Utrecht has shown the existence of several undescribed species in Surinam and has given new ideas on the taxonomic status of a few other species. These results are presented below, in advance of the treatment of the family in the „Flora of Surinam”. Ernestia Pullei Gleason, sp. nov. Suffruticosa 4 dm. alta. Caulis purpureo-brunneus 4-angulatus dense glanduloso-pubescens, internodiis 10—15 mm. longis. Petioli graciles 5—10 mm. longi glanduloso-villosi. Laminae tenues ovatae usque ad 25 mm. longae 17 mm. latae acutae minutissime serrulatae basi cordulatae 5-nerviae, supra sparse minuteque glanduloso-pilosae, subtus dense cinereo-tomentellae. Paniculae magnae terminales ramosae 8—12 cm. longae multiflorae glanduloso-polisae, bracteis minimis oblongis. Florum 4- merorum non bene conservatorum structura difficiliter et fortasse non rite observanda. Hypanthium tubuloso-campanulatum 8-costatum dense glanduloso-pilosum. Sepala erecta triangularia acuta sparse glandulosa 1.6 mm. longa. Petala non visa. Stamina valde dimorpha. Filamenta glabra erecta gracilia 3-7 mm. longa. Antherae lineari-subulatae, staminum episepalorum horizontales 4.2 mm. longae, connectivo subtereti in semicirculum 1.5 mm. diam. curvato et supra insertionem filamenti in appendices 2 V-forme connatas dilatato, ad angulam externam appendicum inserto; appendicibus in angulo interno ad filamentum affixis, triangulari-subulatis 3.2 mm. longis, infra filamentum attenuatis in calcaria filiformia et interdum calcaribus similibus lateralibus 1 vel 2 ornatis; antherae staminum epipetalorum erectae 3.3 mm. longae, connectivo ad angulam 90° deflexo 1 mm. longo, infra insertionem filamenti calcaria 2 lineari-subulata erecta 1.7 mm. longa gerente. Ovarium superum, teste cl. Pulle in schedis 3-loculare, sed in uno dissecto distinctissime 4-loculare; stylo stigmateque non visis; seminibus cochleatis.
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  • 22
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.36 (1936) nr.1 p.716
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Some months ago the first author published in his Studies in Moraceae II (Rec. trav. bot. néerl. XXXIII, 1936, pp. 254—276) a synopsis of the genus Clarisia R. & P. The second author traced in the Berlin Herbarium a specimen of this genus which had been described in 1821 as Excoecaria ilicifolia Spreng. As this species is identic with Clarisia strepitans (Fr. Allem.) Lanj., the name of the latter species has to be changed. As in addition some interesting specimens were kindly sent to Utrecht for determination by the Herbaria at Berlin-Dahlem (D), Geneva (G) and the Arnold Arboretum, Jamaica Plain (A), it seemed desirable to publish these notes.
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  • 23
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.71 (1940) nr.1 p.677
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Whilst studying the material of the genus Securidaca for the “Flora of Suriname”, I found it in most cases extremely difficult or even impossible to identify the species. The original descriptions are, as a rule, very short, and they have been based for a good deal on incomplete material: mature fruits, for instance, are often missing. Hence it is not surprising that on quite a number of species the opinions of taxonomists disagree. Accordingly on the one hand we may find in the various collections the most different species lumped together under the same name, while on the other hand one and the same species may appear under several names. A study of the type specimens therefore, was obviously very desirable. I am indebted to the “VAN EEDEN FONDS” for enabling me to visit the Herbarium in Paris, where I could clear up some misunderstandings with regard to the Suriname species. This study includes all the Suriname specimens preserved in the Herbaria of Utrecht, Leiden, Kew, Brussels, Geneva and Berlin, together with the material collected outside Suriname and available in the Utrecht and Paris collections, and the British Guiana plants of the Kew Herbarium. To get an impression of the genus as a whole, several species not occurring in Suriname have been studied, but a thorough investigation was made of the Suriname ones only. The results of this investigation will be given below.
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  • 24
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.42 (1937) nr.1 p.500
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Endlicheria Nees (non Presl) in Linnaea 8 (1833), p. 37; id., Progr. (1833), p. 16; id., Syst. (1836), p. 365; Endl., Gen. (1837), p. 321; id., Ench. (1841), p. 197; Dietrich, Synops. Pl. 2 (1840), p. 1332, 1350; Spach, Hist. nat. Végét. X (1841), p. 473; Steudel, Nomencl. ed. 2 (1841), p. 554; Meissn., Gen. I (1836—43), p. 326, II, p. 238; Orbigny, Dict. univ. (1846), p. 259; Lindl., Veg. kgd. (1846), p. 537; Meissn. in D.C., Prodr. XV, 1 (1864), p. 172; id. in Fl. Bras. V, 2 (1866), p. 281; Baillon, Hist. II (1870), p. 480 in adnot.; Pfeiffer, Nomencl. (1873), p. 1201; Benth. in Benth. & Hook., Gen. III (1880), p. 153; Durand, Index Gen. (1888), p. 348 sub Aydendron; Mez in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berl. V (1889), p. 111; Pax in Engl.-Prantl, Pfl. Fam. III, 2 (1889), p. 122; dalla Torre & Harms, Gen. (1900—07), p. 178 sub Aniba; Post & Kuntze, Lexicon (1904), p. 197; Lemée, Dict. 2 (1929), p. 857; Benoist in Arch. Bot. V (1931), p. 63; Kostermans in Meded. Bot. Mus. Utrecht 25 (1936), p. 41; id. in Pulle, F1. Surin. 2 (1936), p. 327. – Goeppertia Nees, Syst, l.c., p. 354, 365 (non alibi nec aliis); Endl., Gen., l.c., p. 321, n. 2051; id., Ench., l.c., p. 197; Dietrich, l.c., p. 1332, 1350; Spach., l.c., p. 473; Steudel, l.c., p. 697; Reichb., Nomencl. (1861), p. 70, n. 2659; Meissn., Gen. I, p. 326, II, p. 238; Orbigny, l.c., p. 259; Lindl., l.c., p. 537; Meissn. in D.C., l.c., p. 172; id. in Fl. Bras., l.c., p. 281; Baillon, l.c., p. 480; Pfeiffer, l.c., p. 1473; Benth., l.c., p. 153; Durand, l.c., p. 348 sub Aydendron; Mez, l.c.; Pax, l.c., p. 122; dalla Torre & Harms, l.c., p. 178 sub Aniba; Post & Kuntze, l.c., p. 253; Kosterm. in Meded., l.c. – Schauera Nees in Lindley, Nat. Syst. ed. 2 (1836), p. 202 in adnot. (non aliis nec alibi); Endl., l.c., p. 321; id., Ench., p. 197; Meissn., Gen. II, l.c., p. 238; Orbigny, l.c., p. 259; Lindl., Veg. kgd., l.c., p. 537; Benth., l.c., p. 153; Durand, l.c., p. 348 sub Aydendron; Mez, l.c.; Pfeiffer, l.c., p. 1071; dalla Torre & Harms, l.c., p. 178 sub Aniba; Post & Kuntze, l.c., p. 503; Lemée, l.c., p. 1006. – Schaueria Nees ex Meissn. in D.C., l.c., p. 172; id. in Fl. Bras., l.c., p. 281 (non aliis); Baillon, l.c., p. 480; Pax, l.c., p. 122. – Ampelodaphne Meissn. in D.C., l.c., p. 81; id. in Fl. Bras, l.c., p. 167; Baillon, l.c., p. 473; Pfeiffer, l.c., p. 1071; Benth., l.c., p. 153; Durand, l.c., p. 348 sub Aydendron; Pax, l.c., p. 122; dalla Torre & Harms, l.c., p. 178 n. 2812; Post & Kuntze, l.c., p. 24; Lemée, Dict., l.c., p. 210; Kosterm. in Meded., l.c. – Aydendron Griseb. (non Nees), p.p. in Fl. Brit. W. Ind. isl. (1860), p. 284; Benth., l.c., p. 153; Mez, l.c. – Huberodaphne Ducke in Arch. Jard. Rio de Janeiro 4 (1925), p. 191; Lemèe, Dict., l.c., 3 (1931), p. 661. Type species: Endlicheria hirsuta Nees.
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  • 25
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.48 (1938) nr.1 p.834
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Anaueria Kosterm. in Chronica Botanica IV, 1 (1938), p. 14. Arbores brasilienses foliis sub-oppositis. Flores hermaphroditi ex-involucrati paniculati; tepalis sex tribus exterioribus minoribus. Stamina novem quorum sex exteriora fertilia filamentis in annulum ovarium cingentem connatis antheris liberis bilocellatis sub-introrsis; tria interiora sterilia staminodialia sub-aequilonga. Ovarium subglobosum tubo planiusculo insertum, stylo obtuso brevi stigmate inconspicuo. Staminodia seriei quartae nulla. Bacca magna ellipsoidea pedicello vix elongate cylindrico tepalis non incrassatis persistentibus insidens.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 26
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.30 (1936) nr.1 p.250
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Zu meiner Bearbeitung des surinamischen Materials der Gentianaceae für die von Pulle herausgegebene „Flora of Surinam” gehören nog einige kritische Bemerkungen. Ich muszte z.B. in einigen Fällen von der von Gilg in Engler und Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfamilien gegebenen Einteilung der Gattungen und deren Umgrenzung abweichen. Auch stellte es sich heraus, dasz sich unter dem Material eine neue Art befand, deren Beschreibung und Abbildung unten folgen.
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  • 27
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.15 (1935) nr.1 p.174
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Juniperus macropoda Boiss. Fl. Orient. V (1884) p. 709; Hooker Fl. Br. Ind. V (1890) p. 647. Umlung (Thalam-buti valley) 4200 m, 28 July no. 58. Big shrubs.
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  • 28
    facet.materialart.
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.55 (1939) nr.1 p.1
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: De in deze Jubileumserie van de „Mededeelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium te Utrecht” opgenomen artikelen zijn door de schrijvers ingezonden om Prof. Pulle, ter gelegenheid van zijn zilveren jubileum als hoogleeraar, hun waardeering te toonen. Een kort woord over den jubilaris moge hier als inleiding van deze bijdragen volgen. Op 10 Januari 1878, op den dag dat in verschillende plaatsen den Ioosten sterfdag van Linnaeus werd herdacht, werd August Adriaan Pulle te Arnhem geboren.
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  • 29
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.35 (1936) nr.1 p.705
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Since the appearance of my „Notes on the Rubiaceae of Surinam” (in Rec. d. Trav. bot. néerl. XXXI, 1934, 248; also in Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Utrecht no. 11, 1934) a number of species and varieties new to the flora of that country have come to light. The majority have been collected by Mr. Rombouts during the 1935/36 expedition of the Boundary Commission who is surveying at present the border in the southern part of the colony; they were found along the River Corantyne and in the savannahs in the south-western part. One species was secured by Dr. Lanjouw, and has been mentioned already in his „Additions to Pulle’s Flora of Surinam I” (in Rec. d. Trav. bot. Néerl. XXXII, 1935, 258) and one, represented by a rather poor fruiting specimen collected years ago by the Forestry Bureau, was found among material provisionally consigned to another family. New to the flora of Surinam are the following twelve species: Alseis longifolia Ducke var. pentamera Brem. n. var., Sabicea cinerea Aubl., S. Romboutsii Brem. n. spec., S. surinamensis Brem. n. spec., Tocoyena surinamensis Brem. n. spec., Thieleodoxa nitidula Brem. n. spec., Guettarda Spruceana Müll. Arg., Psychotria Romboutsii Brem. n. spec., Declieuxia fruticosa (Willd. ex R. et S.) Kuntze, Diodia pulchristipula Brem. n. spec., Spermacoce guianensis Brem. n. spec, and Borreria verticillata (L.) G. F. W. Mey (the B. verticillata of the Flora of Surinam IV, 287 proved to be B. suaveolens G. F. W. Mey., under which name it had been recorded already by Miquel), and one variety: Sipanea pratensis Aubl. var. glaberrima Brem. n. var. Four of the ten genera to which these species belong, namely Alseis, Thieleodoxa, Declieuxia and Spermacoce, are also new to the flora of Surinam. Seven species and two varieties are entirely new, and will be described below. Before entering on this part of my task I will make a few remarks however on two of the species known already from elsewhere, namely on Guettarda Spruceana Müll. Arg. and on Borreria verticillata (L.) G. F. W. Mey, and on a third species, Coccocypselum guyanense (Aubl.) K. Sch., which is known since long from Surinam, but of which Mr. Rombouts collected a specimen differing somewhat from the older Surinam findings.
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  • 30
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.9
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: J. J. Smith was born June 29th, 1867, at Antwerp, where his father was the director of the Netherlands’ Railway Post Office. In 1872 the family moved to Utrecht and in 1875 to Amsterdam. Smith spent his school days in the capital. His leisure hours were occupied by growing and sketching plants and tending such animals as mice and keeping an aquarium and a terrarium. His 10th birthday was celebrated by the establishment of a private herbarium, the first plant inserted being Bellis perennis. His years at secondary school were greatly influenced by the then teacher of Natural History, Dr J. C. Costerus, who advised Smith to look for a position in horticulture. Horticultural schools being not yet ”en vogue“, Smith got his education in this field at the Horticulturist’s Messrs Groenewegen & Co., Amsterdam. In these years the Orchids began to impress him and Smith spent his few free hours in making pictures of flowering species. The connection with Dr Costerus was continued. Together they looked after their herbaria and later on started to study teratologica, found in the Groenewegen gardens and greenhouses, a field in which both would publish several valuable papers later on. After having been working for his firm for 3½ years, Smith went to Kew where he stayed one year and afterwards to Brussels for completing his horticultural knowledge and skill. At Brussels he was working one year in the famous Orchid nursery of Messrs Linden, and then another year at the ”Jardin Botanique“.
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  • 31
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.219
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Pendant une tournée du chalutier ”De Lanessan“ de l’Institut Océanographique de Nhatrang (Annam) vers le récif Tizard¹) en avril 1936, une collection d’algues marines a été constituée, provenant des îlots Itu-Aba, Sand Caye et Nam Yit. La situation de ces îlots est environ 10° de latitude Nord et 114° de longitude Est. Qu’il me soit permis de remercier M. R. Serène de l’Institut Océanographique de l’Indochine à Cauda par Nhatrang, qui m’a confié l’étude de cette collection.
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  • 32
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.97
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: In continuation of a previous publication by Lam, in which meiomery and pleiomery in male flowers of Canarium decumanum were described, the same phenomenon is now discussed concerning the fruits of C. Mehenbethene (176 of one single tree) and C. commune (1126 fruits mixed from more than one tree). An investigation of the material gave the following results: 1. C. commune and C. Mehenbethene are closely related; the latter may prove to be a polyploid of the former. Their areas are partly overlapping, but C. commune has its centre in the Moluccas, C. Mehenbethene in New Guinea and W. Polynesia. 2. A tendency to reduce the number of ovules and carpels in the ovary is assumed. By means of a statistical method (”phase index“) the position of either species in the phases of this regression is indicated. 3. From this, it is concluded that C. Mehenbethene represents a more advanced phase than C. commune and that therefore an eastward migration must be accepted. This agrees with other facts stated earlier, both in the Burseraceae and in other plant families of western origin. 4. In Canarium commune pleiomery is found in 2.3% of the fruits, meiomery in 0.45%, which agrees fairly well with the figures found earlier for the corolla and the androeceum of the male flowers of C. decumanum (0.9% and 0.3% respectively). 5. The desirability is expressed to investigate the following points: a. the ontogeny and the fertilization of ovaries and ovules in Canarium. b. cytological relations between related trees in the tropics, especially as far as they may supply indications towards migration tracks (cf. the work of Hagerup on Vaccinium [Hereditas 18, 1933]). c. the ”phase index“ of a number of related Canarium species. d. the exact distribution of some of the phases mentioned along those migration tracks which are both geologically and biogeographically supported (e.g. Sunda centre—Philippines, Philippines—Moluccas—New Guinea, New Guinea—Moluccas—Central Celebes, Malay Peninsula—Sumatra—Java, etc.).
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  • 33
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.133
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Im Jahre 1907 wurde ich als Botaniker der Gouvernements China-Plantagen in Tjinjiroean bei Pengalengan, West-Java, angestellt, wo ich bis 1916 arbeitete. Tjinjiroean liegt etwa 1566 m über dem Meere und hat ein sehr feuchtes Klima. Es war sehr interessant nachzugehen, welche aus der Ebene von Java und aus Europa eingeführten Pflanzen dort wachsen würden. Was würde der Einfluss des Klimas, der Meereshöhe, der Temperatur, u.s.w. auf die Pflanzen sein? In Tjinjiroean fand ich sogleich viele eingeführte Pflanzen, welche dort üppig wuchsen. In den Chinaplantagen fand ich Georginen und Tropaeolum majus L. verwildert; in meinem Garten blühte Richardia africana Kunth reichlich, bildete Früchte, welche wieder zahlreiche Pflanzen lieferten. Nur einige interessante Pflanzen werde ich hier weiter erwähnen.
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Een man, die zich nimmer op den voorgrond stelde en wiens naam toch in de geheele botanische wereld bekend is, moet wel heel wat in die wereld hebben gepresteerd. Zoo’n man is Dr J. J. Smith, die op 29 Juni 1937 zijn 70sten verjaardag viert. Zeventig jaar te worden is op zichzelf beschouwd geen verdienste, maar het geeft vrienden en vereerders zulk een mooie gelegenheid den jubilaris eens te toonen, hoe zeer men zijn werk waardeert!
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  • 35
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.12
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Het lijkt mij niet mogelijk een juisten indruk te krijgen van de beteekenis van J. J. Smith’s phytographisch werk voor den huidigen kweeker, zonder de belangrijkste phasen in de geschiedenis der Orchidophilie in Europa kort te schetsen, die aan dit werk zijn voorafgegaan. Deze geschiedenis heeft zich practisch geheel in Engeland afgespeeld. Dit machtige rijk, in zijn gouden eeuw onbetwist heerscher ter zee, had ter behartiging van zijne overzeesche belangen de beschikking over een kolossale handelsvloot. De bemanningen der schepen voerden van heinde en verre allerlei rariteiten mede, ook levende planten en dieren. Op deze wijze kwamen in de laatste helft der achttiende eeuw de eerste exotische Orchideeën binnen uit gebieden, die niet al te ver van Engeland af lagen: Jamaica, de Bahama-eilanden, Trinidad.
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  • 36
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.20
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Het is mij een bijzonder voorrecht, om uit het leven van Dr Smith eenige bijzonderheden te mogen vertellen, waarvan enkele wellicht minder algemeen bekend zijn. Deels heb ik de gegevens geput uit datgene wat van zijn levensloop bekend is, deels stammen ze uit mijn persoonlijk contact met Dr Smith, en de gelegenheid van dit jubileum lijkt mij bij uitstek geschikt om dezen te bescheiden werker in het licht te plaatsen waarin hij behoort te staan. In de beginjaren van mijn loopbaan als Hortulanus van ’s Lands Plantentuin was Dr Smith voor mij de groote vraagbaak, was hij de man die met zijn groote liefde voor en zijn uitgebreide kennis van den Plantentuin mij als het ware heeft ingewerkt en opgeleid.
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  • 37
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.210
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Some collections which I received recently, contain interesting addenda to former studies of the paleotropical Frullaniaceae (cf. especially “De Frullaniaceis VII”, Ann. Bryol. Suppl. Vol. I, 1930) and Lejeuneaceae Holostipae (esp. “De Frullaniaceis XVII”, Ann. Bryol. Suppl. Vol. IV, 1934).
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  • 38
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.162
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Durch die extremen Existenzbedingungen, welche die Mangroven als: Formation bestimmen, sollte man glauben, dass die ökologischen Probleme, die sich in dieser Hinsicht zeigen, leicht gelöst werden könnten, um so mehr, weil diese Pflanzengenossenschaft relativ arm an Arten ist. Dass dies jedoch nicht der Fall ist, möge hier im Hinblick auf die Verbreitung der Lumnitzera-Arten im Malaiischen Archipel mit einigen Beispielen gezeigt werden. Im Jahre 1924 habe ich kurz auf die Verbreitung von 3 Lumnitzera- Arten im genannten Gebiet hingewiesen ¹). Meine Absicht war, speziell auf die unerklärliche Erscheinung aufmerksam zu machen, dass L. littorea (Jack) Voigt das Küstengebiet rund um die Java See, im Gegensatz zu L. racemosa Willd., vermeidet, obwohl beide Arten nicht nur in, sondern auch ausserhalb des Malaiischen Archipels vorkommen, ja selbst zusammen in ziemlicher Nähe angetroffen werden. Bevor wir diese Erscheinung noch einmal näher betrachten, möchte ich an der Hand von beigefügter Karte (Fig. 1) das gesamte Verbreitungsgebiet nachgehen. Dieses Gebiet liegt nahezu vollkommen innerhalb der Wendekreise der alten Welt ²): Die Mangroven, wozu Lumnitzera gehört, finden als selbständige Waldoder Gebüschformation ihre natürliche Begrenzung ungefähr auf den gleichen Breiten. Nur L. racemosa überschreitet grade an 2 Stellen die- Wendekreise: An der Ostküste von Afrika streckt sie sich südlich vom Steinbrockkreis bis in die Mangroven bei Durban aus, während sie nördlich vom Wendekreis des Krebses noch in dem Riu Kiu (Lu Tschu) Archipel, nördlich von Formosa vorkommt.
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  • 39
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.1
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: De publicatie van dit deel is mogelijk gemaakt door den geldelijken steun van vele van Smith’s vrienden, wier handteekeningen zijn vereenigd in een album, dat hem is aangeboden tezamen met dit Jubileum-Supplement van „Blumea” en de speciale aflevering van het „Bulletin du Jardin botanique de Buitenzorg”. Het oude Menangkabausche echte gouddraadweefsel uit Kota Gadang, dat heeft gediend voor de banden van het album en van de voor Dr Smith bestemde exemplaren van „Blumea” en het „Bulletin”, dankt het Comité ad hoc aan Dr E. R. Jacobson te Bandoeng.
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  • 40
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.2 (1942) nr.1 p.64
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: In einem jüngst erschienenen Aufsatz schreibt Du Rietz (1941 S. 6): ”Pylaiella rupincola (Aresch.) Kylin ist mit Conferva litoralis L. identisch. Kein Grund liegt vor anzunehman‘, dass Linné die auf Ascophyllum an der schwedischen Westküste wachsende Pylaiella litoralis sensu Kylin gekannt und in seine Conferva litoralis miteinbezogen hat. Der Name Pylaiella litoralis (L.) Kjellm. muss deshalb für P. rupincola (Aresch.) Kylin beibehalten werden. Für P. litoralis sensu Kylin schlägt Verf. den neuen Namen Pylaiella Kylinii vor.“ Bei meinen Untersuchungen über Pylaiella litoralis (1933 und 1937) war ich zu der Auffassung gekommen, dass diese Art in sich zwei verschiedene Arten enthielt. Für die eine behielt ich den Namen P. litoralis (L.) Kjellm., die andere nannte ich P. rupincola (Aresch.) Kylin 1937 S. 5, und dies zwar aus historischen Gründen. In der Literatur hatte man nämlich die im allgemeinen auf den gröberen Fucaceen epiphytisch wachsende Pylaiella als die Hauptform betrachtet, die im allgemeinen auf Felsen wachsende rupincola dagegen als eine Nebenform. Und um nun die Nomenklatur, in der Weise wie sie sich historisch entwickelt hatte, so wenig als irgend möglich zu verändern, bezeichnete ich die Hauptform als P. litoralis (L.) Kjellm., die Nebenform dagegen als B. rupincola (Aresch.). Kylin. Du Rietz behauptet jetzt, dass ich die Nomenklaturgesetzte übertreten habe. Ehe ich indessen diese Frage des näheren auseinandersetze, werde ich P. litoralis und P. rupincola kurz besprechen.
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Anne Antoinette van Bosse, fille de M. Jacob van Bosse et de Mme Jaqueline Jeanne née Reynvaan, naquit à Amsterdam le 27 mars 1852. Très jeune encore elle perdit sa mère; sa soeur, son ainée de 10 ans, prit sa place aussi bien qu’elle put. Outre cette soeur elle avait trois frères. Selon l’usage de cette époque les familles aisées n’envoyaient pas leurs filles à l’école, ainsi Anna van Bosse reçut à la maison son instruction par une institutrice de nationalité suisse. La botanique et la zoologie furent d’emblée ses branches préférées; les fréquentes visites au jardin zoologique ”Artis“ y contribuèrent pour une grande part. l’Observation des animaux exotiques lui procurait un grand plaisir et jusqu’à présent elle porte un grand intêret à ”Artis“.
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  • 42
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1938) nr.1 p.164
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: ROXBURGH described in his Flora in the year 1820 a very curious annual grass and placed it in the genus Eleusine as E. verticillata ROXB.. This grass has spikelets which agree in many characters with those of the genus Eleusine, especially as to the rugose grain with a caducous pericarp, but differing from Eleusine in the up to 20-flowered spikelets and in the lemmas with a three-cuspidate summit. The many-flowered spikelets give the plant more the habit of an Eragrostis and under this genus a specimen was mentioned by WALLICH in his Catalogue. There are in the characters of the spikelets many other differences with the genus Eleusine and with Eragrostis. KUNTH and STEUDEL, indeed placed the plant under Leptochloa and there are still other opinions about this plant. An advancement in this matter was the opinion of LINDLEY, who published in the year 1836 a new genus Acrachne WIGHT et ARN., in the second edition of his ”Natural System of Botany“, p. 381, based upon ROXBURGH’s Eleusine verticillata, The name Acrachne was already given by WIGHT et ARNOTT as Acrachne eleusinoides, a nomen in WIGHT, Cat. no. 1760. This name was placed by STEUDEL in the year 1854 under E. verticillata ROXB., a name also accepted by NEES. The name Acrachne, although based upon a species which was validly published, was, however, not described by LINDLEY and the combination A. verticillata was not made by LINDLEY. At that time the genus Acrachne was therefore not valid.
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  • 43
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.5 (1942) nr.1 p.81
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Summarizing, it appears that Eucommia has the greatest number of characters in common with the Urticales. This is shown by the similarity of the inflorescences as well as by the unisexual flowers and the dioecy. In both groups the pistil consists of 2 connate carpels and the ovary is usually 1-celled by abortion, while the stigmata are generally papillate. Further general points of relation with the Urticales are the originally spiral phyllotaxis, which becomes later on pseudo-distichous, simple vessel perforations, libriform with bordered pits, unicellular hairs and the occurrence of calciumcarbonate and silica as well as of latex elements. Yet, it seems difficult to indicate any particular family in the Urticales to which Eucommia should be most related. While the fruit recalls Ulmus and the latex elements Urtica and Cannabis, the spirally thickened vessel walls remind us of some Morus species. In addition, Eucommia is isolated by the facts that in the Urticales the perianth is never entirely wanting, that there is only one ovule in the cell of the ovary, that stipules are very frequent, that calciumoxalate is characteristic (it is wanting in Eucommia) and that the superficial suberization is subepidermal in the Urticales and epidermal in Eucommia. After the Urticales the Euphorbiaceae-Hippomaneae seem to be the nearest of kin, on account of a number of anatomical and morphological characters. However, the Euphorbiaceae usually possess a 3-celled ovary, a 2-celled one occasionally occurs in the Hippomaneae. Next follow the Hamamelidaceae which have, however, two fertile carpels but of which Distylium and Altingia show a reduction in the perianth and the latter moreover a similar leaf shape.
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  • 44
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.2 (1936) nr.3 p.229
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: This extensive collection, famous among algologists both of the Old and the New World, forms part of the collections of the National Herbarium (Rijksherbarium) Leiden since 1934. About fifty years ago it was started by Mrs. Dr. A. A. WEBER-VAN BOSSE (1852—hodie), an enthusiastic pupil of HUGO DE VRIES. The colonies of Nostoc, living in the ditches round about the Dutch village of Doom, evoked her admiration, which was the primary cause of an intense study in the freshwater as well as in the marine Algae. In the harbour of Den Helder North Sea Algae were collected; by collecting Algae on trips to the French Atlantic Coasts and several times to Norway (1883—1885) and further on a South African journey (1894—1895) the herbarium grew, as it did by the Malaysian specimens collected in Java, Celebes, etc. (1888—1889). During this Malaysian tour Mrs. WEBER worked in Tjibodas, where she described the new genus Phytophysa. In Sumatra (West Coast, Lake of Manindjau) she discovered in collaboration with her husband, MAX WEBER, a new case of symbiosis between Algae and Sponges.
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  • 45
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1940) nr.3 p.405
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: The island of Enggano is the most southern of a series of islands situated parallel to the Western coast of Sumatra. In 1936 the island was visited by Dr. W. J. LüTJEHARMS, who stayed there from the end of May to the beginning of July collecting materials for the Herbaria at Buitenzorg and Leiden. During this excursion he also collected some zoocecidia, which were sent to me for classification by the Director of the Rijksherbarium, Leiden. The collection consists of 16 galls on various plants; many of them were already known as occurring in other parts of the Malay Archipelago; others are new, these are marked with an asterisk. A collection of 16 galls is actually to small to give insight into the wealth of galls of this tropical island; so far, however, nothing was known about the galls of the island, and since it is unlikely that the place will before long again be examined as to its galls, I deemed it worthwile to describe this small collection.
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  • 46
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.2 (1936) nr.2 p.86
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Thanks to the kind cooperation of Dr. ROBERT PILGER, Director of the Botanical Gardens and Museums at Berlin-Dahlem, I have recently had the privilege of studying and photographing a unique specimen belonging to that institution, which bears the words „Schizostachyum Blumii nobis”, in the hand of NEES, the author of the species. Although there are no data on the sheet to indicate its source, or the date of the determination, this presumably represents NEES’S type³) of this species (which is the type species of the genus). At any rate, the available evidence 4) points to that conclusion, and the specimen agrees in all respects with NEES’ description of the genus and of the type species (NEES, 1829, pp. 534—5). Since the original characterizations are so brief and, since those parts referring to the spikelets are so difficult to interpret, I present here a full description 5) of the rather fragmentary type specimen.
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  • 47
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1939) nr.2 p.267
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: This is the second contribution to a series of papers dealing with the Convolvulaceae of Malaysia (Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, Philippine Islands and New Guinea). The genera worked out here belong to the tribe Convolvuleae; they are numbered VIII—XV. Genus VII, Erycibe, belonging to the Erycibeae shall be treated afterwards in a special monograph. With regard to the geographic arrangement of the specimens mentioned, some alterations had to be introduced due to the new limitation of the residencies in the island of Java. The names and limits of these residencies are now brought into line with the data of the ”Atlas van Tropisch Nederland“ ²).
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  • 48
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1939) nr.2 p.236
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: In Blumea, Vol. II, 1937, pp. 239 to 277, appeared an article bearing the above title. It is a description of an excursion to the Salajar Islands, situated south of Celebes; lists of the plants found in the islands are appended. Prof. Dr C. E. B. BREMEKAMP wrote to me that in the Leiden Herbarium a small collection of plants, collected by me in the Salajar Islands, and long ago lent to the late Dr TH. VALETON, have been found. This collection contained, apart from the Rubiaceae, the special subject of Dr VALETON, some representatives of other plant families. Prof. BREMEKAMP sent me a list of names of these plants, for which I tender him my cordial thanks. Besides he communicated to me that a few plants are mentioned under wrong names in the original publication. They are: nr. 86 of Djampea is not Ophiorrhiza neglecta BL., but O. parviflora REINW. Besides the number mentioned, 1573, two other specimens of this plant were collected in the same island, nr. 1618 and nr. 1633, both at an altitude of 200 m.
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  • 49
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.1 (1935) nr.2 p.312
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: § 1. Das Ziel der Untersuchung war den Bau des Blütenstandes und der Blüten von Arceuthobium Dacrydii RIDLEY zu ermitteln und festzustellen, ob diese Pflanze wirklich ein Arceuthobium ist oder, wie eine oberflächliche Untersuchung des Blütenstandes es vermuten liess, eine Korthalsella; und falls letzteres sich wirklich als richtig herausstellen sollte, weiter festzustellen, wie der Bau des Andrözeums dieser Art ist, welches für Arten dieser Gattung von VAN TIEGHEM, HAYATA und LECOMTE in verschiedener Weise beschrieben wird. § 2. Material und Methode. Das Material zu dieser Untersuchung stammte von Pflanzen, welche 1931 von Zweigen von Podocarpus imbricata BLUME im Walde des Naturreservates Tjibodas auf dem Gunung Gedé in Westjava gesammelt wurden, und zwar teilweise von F. W. WENT oder C. G. G. J. VAN STEENIS s.n. (vgl. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., ser. 3, 11, p. 456) und teilweise von W. M. DOCTERS VAN LEEUWEN (NO. 14166). Die letzteren wurden freundlichst vom Sammler aus seinen Privatsammlungen zur Verfügung gestellt. Die spezifische Identität mit dem ursprünglichen Arceuthobium Dacrydii wurde durch erneute Vergleichung mit dessen Typus, der sich im Besitze des Botanischen Gartens zu Singapore befindet und nochmals gütigst von der Direktion dieses Institutes für unsern Zweck zugesandt wurde, festgestellt.
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  • 50
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1938) nr.1 p.201
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Referring to the identification of BRASS 5219 from Papua as a representative of the Verbenaceous Faradaya chrysoclada K. SCHUM. by E. BEER and H. J. LAM (Blumea 2, 1936, 225), Dr C. G. G. J. VAN STEENIS, the monographer of the Malaysian Bignoniaceae drew our attention to the possibility that this identification might be incorrect. It was suggested that the specimen and also all specimens hitherto known as Faradaya chrysoclada might be Bignoniaceous and might belong to Deplanchea tetraphylla (R. BR.) V. STEENIS, as all other Faradayas known are lianas, whereas F. chrysoclada was reported to possess the tree habit, as the Deplancheas. We therefore asked on loan the materials of both species from the Herbarea at Berlin (B) and Kew (K), that from Berlin including the type specimen of Faradaya chrysoclada. Our thanks are due to the directors of the Herbaria of Berlin and Kew for kindly lending us the material desired.
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  • 51
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.2 (1937) nr.4 p.239
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: The Salajar Islands strew the Flores Sea between Celebes and Flores. The group consists of no less than 73 smaller and larger islands. The principal islands are: Salajar or Tanadoang, Djampea, Kalao, Kalaotoa, and Bonerate. A number of smaller islands form together the group of the so-called Tiger Islands, and to the south of them arc the very small, low Pasitaloe Islands. The Salajar group is situated between Long. 119°50’ E. and 121°30’ E. and between Lat. 5°36’ S. and 7°25’ S. See the map on p. 240. In May 1913, I was enabled to visit this territory, thanks to a financial allowance of the „Maatschappij ter bevordering van het Natuurkundig Onderzoek der Nederlandsche Kolonien” (Society for the Promotion of the Scientific Investigation of the Netherlands Colonies), for short: „Treub Society”, and also of the „Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap voor Kunsten en Wetenschappen” (Utrecht Provincial Society for Arts and Sciences). The publication of the present paper was enabled by financial support of the „Leidsch Universiteitsfonds” (Leiden University Fund). I beg to tender my best thanks for all this valuable support here.
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  • 52
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1938) nr.1 p.62
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: This is the first contribution to a series of papers dealing with the Convolvulaceae of Malaysia (Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, Philippines and New Guinea). As far as possible the contributions will be published in accordance with the systematical arrangement of the genera. For a survey on this arrangement I refer to HAULIER'S fundamental work on this matter published in 1893 in the 16th volume of ENOLER'S Botanische Jahrbücher, entitled: ”Versuch einer natürlichen Gliederung der Convolvulaceen auf morphologischer und anatomischer Grundlage“. After all genera will have been published, a determination key will be added, based on the genera of the area under consideration, in which I hope to take especially account of the characters of the Malaysian species. Meanwhile the key published by HAULIER in the above mentioned paper can be provisionally used. On account of the structure of the pollen grains the Convolvulaceae as a whole can be subdivided, as has been proposed by HAULIER, into two groups, viz. the Psiloconiae with smooth pollen grains and the Echinoconiae with spinose ones. The former of these groups contains seven tribes, viz. 1. Cuscuteae, 2. Wilsonieae (not in Malaysia), 3. Dichondreae, 4. Dicranostyleae, 5. Poraneae, 6. Erycibeae and 7. Convolvuleae. Of the six genera worked out here, Cuscuta belongs to the Cuscuteae, Dichondra to the Dichondreae, Evolvulus, Bonamia and Neuropeltis to the Dicranostyleae and Porana to the Poraneae. For the limitation and description of the tribes see HALLIER l.c. and in ENGLER’S Botanische Jahrbücher, Vol. XVIII, 1894, p. 92, under Prevostea.
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  • 53
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1940) nr.3 p.481
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Hallier ²) subdivided the Convolvulaceae into two groups, viz. the Psiloconiae, with smooth pollen grains, and the Echinoconiae with spinose ones. The genera of the Psiloconiae occurring in Malaysia have been dealt with in parts I and II of the present paper, with exception of the genus Erycibe, which shall be treated in a special monograph. The group of Echinoconiae contains two tribes, viz. 1. Ipomoeeae and 2. Argyreieae, both represented in Malaysia. The genus Ipomoea belongs to the Ipomoeeae.
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  • 54
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.4 (1941) nr.3 p.493
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Anthericum Rouwenortii De Gorter, a species not occurring in the Index Kewensis, was described by De Gorter in his Catalogus Plantarum Horti Ulenpassiani, 1783, p. 51 and 52 as follows: p. 51 : AUTHERICUM. 2. Rouwenortii. foliis planis carinatis, scapo ramoso, corollis patentibus. Tab. I. Habitat in Zeylona? Planta e seminibus e Zeylona, si bene meminit III. Baro De ROUWENOORT missis, ante multos annos enata colitur adhuc in Caldario Horti Uilenpassiani, ubi quotannis floret. Descriptio. Badix crassa, tuberosa, subtranslucida. Folia radicalia, ensiformia, carinata, glabra, sesquipedalia, extremitate subulata. p. 52: Scapus ramosus, fere tripedalis, ramis alternis, inferioribus brevioribus, superioribus longioribus. Bracteis lanceolato-subulatis bifidis. Fedunculis simplicibus. Flores magnitudine Antherici ramosi, albi, apicibus petalorum viridibus. Filamenta alba, laevia. Antherae flavae. staminibus longior. The Catalogus Plantarum Horti Ulenpassiani is a catalogue of plants cultivated in the gardens and greenhouses of Ulenpas, the estate of H.A.W. Baron van Rouwenoort and situated near Hummelo in the Netherlands’ province of Gelderland. It contains lists of plant-names and the only species of which a description and a plate are given is the above mentioned Anthericum Rouwenortii.
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  • 55
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1938) nr.1 p.159
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Years ago I intensively studied the grasses of the tribe of the Maydeae. The results of my investigations were published in an article ”A contribution to the knowledge of the Indian Maydeae“, issued in the ”Mededeelingen van ’s Rijks Herbarium“ no. 67 (1931). In this paper the grasses of this tribe from the Old World were treated and especially the various genera were characterized according to their caryopses. The curious form and the place of the hilum of the caryopsis were accepted as characters of high importance to distinguish and to establish the various genera, and it was especially the genus Polytoca, which was more sharply defined by the place of the hilum, the lower margins of the grain enclosing a cavity at the bottom of which is found the hilum. In the genus Chionachne such a cavity is not present and the hilum is found at the back of the grain. I accepted 4 species of the genus Chionachne. One of them, viz. Ch. Koenigii (SPRENGEL) THWAITES, is rather widely distributed from British India and Ceylon to Tonkin and from Celebes to Queensland. Ch. biaurita HACKEL is endemic in the Philippines and Ch. semiteres (BENTH.) HENR. was only observed in the Deccan Peninsula and Burma. The fourth species was mentioned by me from Queensland as being Chionachne Sclerachne BAILEY. The type of BAILEY was not represented in the Kew Herbarium and I saw only a fragment from a plant collected by F. v. MUELLER, which I accepted as being BAILEY’s species. DOMIN mentioned from Queensland only Polytoca cyathopoda (F. v. M.) BAILEY and not having seen DOMIN’s plant I had only to accept that the identification was correct. Recently Mr. HUBBARD from the Kew Herbarium could examine DOMIN’s plant and found that it belonged to the genus Chionachne.
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  • 56
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.1 (1935) nr.2 p.323
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: The Ericaceous genus Rigiolepis was founded by Sir JOSEPH D. HOOKER (Ic. plant, third ser. II (1876), 54, pl. 1160) on a single species from Borneo, viz. R. borneensis HOOK.F. HOOKER was not quite sure about some of the characteristics, and failed to compare it with Vaccinium to which genus, indeed, several authors have reduced it. In 1914 I have discussed the Rigiolepis question (in Ic. Bog. IV, 68) in the note under Vaccinium uniflorum J. J. S. and was inclined to believe that Rigiolepis should be maintained as a distinct genus, although my material was not sufficient to solve the question definitely. Since I have studied many other species of this affinity and I do not hesitate to accept the genus.
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  • 57
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.5 (1943) nr.2 p.316
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Platanthera angustata (Bl.) Lndl., Gen. et sp. Orch. (1835), 290; etc. Sumatra: Atjeh, Gajolanden, Poetjoek Angasan, bivouac 1 to 2, 2700 m, blang ground, marshy heath, common (C. G. G. J. van Steenis n. 8350, 28 Jan. 1937). G. Leuser, bivouac 4—5, watershed, 2700—2800 m (C. G. G. J. van Steenis n. 8502, 31 Jan. 1937). Same locality, central top, Aloer near bivouac 6, 3250—3300 m, mountain meadow (C. G. G. J. van Steenis n. 8683, 3 Febr. 1937). G. Goh Lemboeh, from bivouac Aer Poetih waterfall to bivouac Halfweg, 1000 m (C. G. G. J. van Steenis n. 8902, 8 Febr. 1937).
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  • 58
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.1 (1935) nr.2 p.305
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: When BUSE gave an enumeration of the grasses collected by JUNGHUHN in Java and Sumatra, he mentioned under Paspalum a species, described by RETZIUS in the year 1781 as Paspalum hirsutum. BUSE identified a grass from Sumatra as being the species of RETZIUS, on account of the description, having certainly not studied the authentic specimen, which was at that time not easy to consult. It may be that even the work of RETZIUS was not at his disposal, it is probable that he studied only the description, given afterwards in LAMARCK’S Encyclopédie. RETZIUS described his species from China, where it was collected by BLADH. Although the description of RETZIUS agrees fairly well with BUSE’S plant, we are in modern times not so satisfied with such an identification, because it is a priori not sure at all that the Chinese species is identic with a grass from the high plateau of Sumatra, the more because since the description by RETZIUS and the identification by BUSE, such a Paspalum was never found in the wide area between China and Sumatra. I therefore carefully studied the type of RETZIUS at the herbarium of Lund (Sweden), which was kindly forwarded for study from the director at Lund and I compared it with BUSE’S type, preserved at the Rijksherbarium. The latter is in a very good condition. Already at first sight the two types agree very much especially in the vegetative parts, the number of racemes, their length and general form In the genus Paspalum, a very large one, much weight is given by agrostologists to the form and outline of the spikelets and I will therefore give my opinion on the type of RETZIUS first. The plant consists of an upper part of the culm with 3 very hirsute leaves and 2 distant racemes. The spikelets have hairy pedicels, the short hairs are sparingly mixed with long ones. The form of the spikelets is obovate-oblong; they are obtuse at the summit and rounded. The first glume (mostly rudimentary in the genus) is wanting the second one, which is very convex, is slightly shorter than the spikelet, minutely punctulate and provided with 5 very strong nerves, a midnerve and two marginal ones, the latter anastomosing upwards and running into the midnerve at the top, which is thickened where the nerves meet. The sterile lemma or third glume is flat and as long as the spikelet; it has 3 strong nerves, a midnerve and 2 submarginal ones, anastomosing at the summit; the true margins are membranaceous and distinctly hairy at the middle, the hairs more or less flexuous or curved. Besides these 3 nerves there are 2 more nerves at a rather broad distance from the midnerve; these two nerves are faint and distinct only at the base of the glume and evanescent upwards, being undulate and giving that part of the glume a scrobiculate, transversely wrinkled appearance. The fruit (fertile lemma) is dark brown and exposed by the shortness of the covering glume. From all these characters it is evident that RETZIUS’S plant belongs to a group of species in the genus Paspalum called by Mrs. AGNES CHASE the „plicatula”. Representative species of this group are the well-known New World Paspalum plicatulum Michx. and the variable Old World species Paspalum scrobiculatum L.. The characters of the true Paspalum hirsutum are given on my plate, which is an exact copy of the type specimen, the spikelets being magnified 10 times. Returning to BUSE’S plant from Sumatra, I indicate here the different characters of the spikelets. Their form and outline is different, they are not only a little longer but more elliptic, not rounded at the summit but distinctly obtusely apiculate; the convex glume is 3-nerved only, the marginal nerves not doubled, the glume is longer than the fertile lemma, obtecting it entirely and protruding above it; the flat sterile lemma is more narrowed upwards too with 3 very distinct nerves and 2 interjecting faint ones, the surface is wrinkled as in the American Paspalum plicatulum and the body of the glume is perfectly glabrous. Comparing types and the figures given by me, we see thus that there are distinct differences between the spikelets of the two types and it is therefore evident that we have here two different species. These differences between the two species as to the morphological characters are supported by the very different geographical distribution, the plant described by BUSE being hitherto only known from the prairies of the plateau of Padang lawas in Sumatra. Since BUSE described his species and the characters of the spikelets are given here in extenso, it is not necessary to describe BUSE’S plant once more. It is named here after the collector Dr HORNER as a species, endemic on Sumatra, the Paspalum Horneri HENR. = Paspalum hirsutum BUSE, non RETZIUS. A puzzling plant was described by BUSE in the year 1856 in DE VRIESE’S Plantae Indiae Batavae Orientalis as Streptachne indica. BUSE was an accurate observer and described this plant exactly but he unfortunately overlooked an important character. Having studied his type, a plant collected on Java by REINWARDT, I found that the spikelets have an articulation below the glume and thus easily fall of in toto. In the large tribe of the Agrostideae to which BUSE’S plant belongs, this Streptachne is thus not a member of the subtribe Stipeae as BUSE supposed, this subtribe having always an articulation above the glumes which are persistent at maturity. It was thus at once evident that BUSE’S plant was not a Steptachme at all, but more allied with such genera as Polypogon and Chaeturus. It belongs to the genus Garnotia which is already known from Java. BUSE’S species is placed by me under Garnotia stricta BROGN.
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  • 59
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.2 (1936) nr.2 p.98
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Being occupied with studies on the Convolvulaceae of Netherlands India I met with a remarkable specimen in the Buitenzorg Herbarium, collected by Dr. O. POSTHUMUS during the expedition in Djambi (Sumatra) in the year 1925. At first sight this plant seemed to be a Merremia. A closer examination, however, soon showed some important differences with that genus, especially in respect to the corolla, which has a long, narrow and rather fleshy tube and a limb with 5 short, reflexed (or patent?) lobes. Each lobe is deeply bifid, so that the limb appears 10-lobed. The middle part of the lobes is fleshy just as the tube; it corresponds with a midpetaline field of the corolla of most genera of Convolvulaceae, the lateral parts of the lobes (lobules) are much thinner, membranaceous and nerved. They represent the interpetaline fields of the Convolvulaceous corolla. In general there is a resemblance with the essential corolla construction of many species of Erycibe, where the lobes are also bifid and possess a thick middle part and two membranaceous lobules. The lobules in the new genus are not fully equal in size, those on the right of each lobe, as seen from the inside of the corolla being always slightly larger. The corolla is fully glabrous or bears some papillae at the base of the filaments. The pistil has a two-celled ovary, each cell with 2 ovules and bears a long, filiform style with two globular, papillose stigmas, exactly as in Merremia. I suppose this plant to be closely related to that genus, but as the corolla with its fleshy tube and remarkable lobes is so different from all other species, it is impossible to incorporate it in Merremia without important alteration of the generic limits. I, therefore, propose to establish a new genus, under the name of Decalobanthus (derived from dexa, ten, λoβoς, lobe and άνζος, flower).
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  • 60
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    In:  Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants (0006-5196) vol.3 (1938) nr.1 p.5
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: The Charophyta of the Netherlands have been hitherto almost neglected. As far as I know only the following papers are dealing with the matter: VAN DEN BOSCH, R. B., in Ned. Kruidk. Archief 1, 1846, p. 100, p. 289. “II 1851 p. 225. both preliminary works to Prodromus Florae Batavae II, 2, 1853, p. 186—189. DE VRIES, H., Flora van Nederland, in Alg. Statist, v. Ned. I, 8, 1870, p. 39.
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  • 61
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    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands (0166-5189) vol.2 (1940) nr.1 p.83
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Whilst visiting the Leeward Group, little time could be spared to the collecting of mammals; from Odocoileus and Sylvilagus however, a rather representative series could be obtained. Regarding this, I must offer my grateful thanks and appreciation to the people who so ably and kindly assisted in securing the specimens. I am especially obliged to Mr. van der Linde Schotborgh for presenting me with a living Curaçoan deer and to Mr. de Wit for organizing our three shooting-parties, ending with the aquisition of the type of Odocoileus gymnotis curassavicus. Señorita Fanny Maneyro made me a present of a two days old fawn, on the occasion of a short visit to her uncles estate on the Peninsula de Araya. Little “Chacopato” was bottle-fed in my room in Porlamar, with the devoted assistance of Maximiliana, the hotel-owners step-daughter. This apartment he soon shared with an adult deer from Margarita, which however died a few months later. During this time the hotel-owner, Clémente Sibú, who was very fond of animals, overlooked many annoying things, which another would never have let pass. After my departure to Curaçao, “Chacopato” stayed in “Hotel Central”, where he was later joined by his two prospective wives “Guanta” and “Carúpana”, until our departure for the Netherlands. After being kindly entertained on board of the „Van Rensselaer”, they started family-life in the grounds of my parents country-house near The Hague.
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  • 62
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    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands (0166-5189) vol.1 (1940) nr.1 p.1
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: The region which forms the field of these studies lies between Trinidad and the Goajira-peninsula, off the northcoast of South America, comprising of seventeen islands or island-groups with a total area of about 2000 square kilometers. It is a part of the Venezuelan Republic, excepting Curaçao, Aruba and Bonaire, which is Netherlands territory. The total number of inhabitants can be estimated at 164000, chiefly confined to Margarita (70000), Curaçao (61000), Aruba (24000), Bonaire (5500) and Coche (3000). This region was visited in 1936 and 1937 with the main object of studying the land and freshwaterfauna, excluding birds and the greater part of the insects. For comparison some parts of the adjacent continent were also visited.
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  • 63
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.14 (1944) nr.1 p.40
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: An upper molar of Anancus arvernensis (Croiz. & Job.), fished out of the Eastern Scheldt, near Ierseke, and belonging to the so-called black fossils, shows more affinity with the specimens from the English Crags than with those from Thüringen. Another upper molar of the species has been dredged out of the Lower-Rhine. A lower molar of Archidiskodon planifrons (Falc. & Caut.) from the same locality as the first-named tooth, and displaying the same kind of fossilization has most probably been washed out of the same deposit. Also in other parts of Europe the two animals lived together in the Upper-Pliocene, prae-Günzian period. Marine Amstelian deposits being absent in the greater part of Zealand, it is highly probable that a fauna of landmammals to which also both Proboscidea, belong, thus resembling other Lower-Villafranchian faunas like those of Italy, Auvergne and the English Red Crag, also lived in Zealand when this region emerged above the sea.
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  • 64
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.9 (1937) nr.1 p.177
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Nederland heeft reeds in het tertiaire tijdvak in een voortdurend dalend gebied der aardkorst gelegen. Ons land is in die tijden bijna onafgebroken door de zeeën overstroomd geweest. Zij hebben op onzen bodem hun slib en zand, benevens enkele skeletdeelen van mariene organismen doen bezinken, zoodat bijna alle opeenvolgende series dezer geologische formatie tot afzetting zijn gekomen, n.l. het Palaeoceen, het Eoceen, het Oligoceen, het Mioceen en het Plioceen. Deze afdeelingen zijn elk door eigen palaeontologische en petrografische eigenschappen gekenmerkt, waaruit de palaeoklimatologie en palaeogeografie voor elke afzonderlijke étage afgeleid kunnen worden. De mariene fossielen, die in de verschillende tertiaire étage’s zijn afgezet, hebben door de herhaalde trans- en regressie der steeds opeenvolgende overstroomingen veelal aan groote verweering blootgestaan. Uit de fossielinhoud der transgressielagen en basale conglomeraten blijkt, dat de haaientanden — dank zij hun resistentie — het grootste en vaak eenige contingent der nog specifiek te herkennen fossielen vormen. De determinatie nu der haaientanden werpt in sommige gevallen een nieuw licht op den ouderdom en herkomst van het materiaal uit de transgressielagen. Deze ouderdomsbepaling biedt op haar beurt waardevolle gegevens omtrent den ouderdom der boven- en onderliggende afzettingen. Een nauwkeurige determinatie der sterk verweerde tanden uit de transgressielagen werd alleen door vergelijking met Selachiersoorten, die elders in tertiaire afzettingen in situ voorkomen, mogelijk gemaakt. Voor elke tertiaire étage werden de petrografische en paleontologische gegevens, voorzoover zij bekend zijn uit de verslagen van het werk van de voormalige Rijks Geologische Dienst en uit andere publicatie’s, verwerkt. Tevens werd een studie gemaakt over alle in het Tertiair van Nederland voorkomende Selachiers. De uitkomsten van deze onderzoekingen betreffende de geologie van Nederland, werden steeds getoetst aan die van de waarnemingen in de aan Nederland grenzende gebieden van België en Duitschland. Uit het mariene Palaeoceen, dat op enkele plaatsen in ons land is aangeboord, is geen Selachiermateriaal bekend. Het klimaat is in dit tijdvak, in tegenstelling met de onmiddellijk voorafgaande krijtperiode, subtropisch tot gematigd geweest. De palaeoceene zee heeft zich over bijna geheel Nederland uitgestrekt en heeft in open verbinding gestaan met de arctische wateren. Gedurende het eoceene tijdvak hebben opeenvolgende transgressies plaats gehad, die gesteenten van verschillende lithologische facies afgezet hebben. Sporadisch zijn ze in één boring aangetroffen. Aan de glauconitische zandsteen- en mergelhoudende kleilagen, die in de Peel aangeboord zijn, werd op grond van de algeheele aaneensluiting aan de belgische isopache lijnen, een eoceenen ouderdom toegeschreven. Daar eoceene afzettingen voornamelijk uit boringen bekend zijn, is weinig fossiel materiaal te verwachten. Het klimaat is hetzelfde gebleven als in het voorafgaande tijdvak. Geheel Nederland is wederom door de zee bedekt geweest, die in verbinding heeft gestaan met de noordelijke wateren. De oligoceene afzettingen kunnen in onder-, midden- en bovenoligoceene onderscheiden worden. Op de plaats, waar het Onderoligoceen op krijtafzettingen rust, zijn eenige afgesleten haaientanden gevonden. Deze soorten: Odontaspis (Odontaspis) cf. bronni en Odontaspis (Synodontaspis) gracilis wijzen op een herkomst uit krijtafzettingen. De onderoligoceene transgressie is niet zoo uitgebreid geweest als de voorafgaande. Verschillende deelen van Nederland hebben dus boven den zeespiegel gelegen. In Zuid-Limburg zijn fluviomariene afzettingen bekend. Er is in dezen tijd nog geen verbinding geweest met de mediterrane zee. Het Middenoligoceen vertoont verschillende facies. Het komt in enkele deelen des lands aan den dag en is ook in boringen aangetoond. In Overijsel komt aan de basis van de middenoligoceene zandafzettingen een transgressielaag voor, waarin vele rondgesleten phosphorieten, haaientanden en schelpen naast enkele goedbewaarde tanden voorkomen. De determinatie dezer geremanieerde tanden wijst op boveneoceene herkomst. De in situ afgezette tanden wijzen op een middenoligoceenen ouderdom der bovenliggende glauconiethoudende zanden. In Zuid-Limburg zijn in de transgressielaag aan de basis van de middenoligoceene kleiafzettingen nog enkele haaientanden gevonden, die afkomstig zijn uit oudere oligoceene lagen. Een collectie Selachiertanden uit de septarienklei van Oost-Nederland werd nader beschreven. De middenoligoceene zee heeft zich over heel N.W.-Europa uitgestrekt en waarschijnlijk via het Mainzerbekken korten tyd met de mediterrane zee in verbinding gestaan. De zuidelijke invloed op de fauna is echter in N.W.-Europa niet meer merkbaar. Het Bovenoligoceen bestaat voornamelijk uit glauconiethoudende afzettingen, die in de Peel en Zuid-Limburg zijn aangetoond. Het klimaat is tijdens het geheele oligoceene tijdvak subtropisch tot gematigd geweest. De zee heeft het geheele zuidelijk deel van ons land bedekt. Het Ondermioceen is in Nederland niet in mariene facies bekend. In Zuid-Limburg gaan de middenoligoceene kleiafzettingen geleidelijk over in glauconiethoudende zanden. Op sommige plaatsen nu treedt in deze zandafzettingen een transgressielaag op, waarin steenkernen van Mollusca en afgesleten haaientanden voorkomen. Door determinatie dezer geremanieerde Selachierfauna kon een bovenoligoceene herkomst van dit materiaal worden aangetoond. Hieruit werd afgeleid, dat de onderliggende glauconiethoudende zanden van bovenoligoceenen en niet van middenoligoceenen ouderdom zijn, zooals door Jongmans en van Rummelen (1930) wordt aangenomen. De hierboven liggende lagen zijn tijdens een jongere neogene transgressie afgezet en hebben een middenmioceenen, niet een bovenoligoceenen ouderdom. Dit zijn de eenige mariene middenmioceene afzettingen. Een typisch mariene middenmioceene fauna is echter nergens aangetroffen. Dat echter in de onmiddellijke omgeving fossielrijke middenmioceene afzettingen bestaan moeten hebben, werd met zekerheid bewezen uit de geremanieerde, typisch middenmioceene fauna, die in een jonger transgressieconglomeraat te Elsloo werd aangetoond. Naar boven toe treden in deze mariene middenmioceene zanden eenige bruinkoolhoudende lagen op, die onderbroken worden door witte zandafzettingen. Deze zijn van marienen oorsprong en zijn gevormd tijdens steeds herhaalde transgressie’s, waarbij an de basis een laag van afgeronde vuursteenen afgezet is. Door aan te nemen, dat deze zanden van middenmioceenen ouderdom zijn, werd aan de bruinkoollagen een midden- en bovenmioceenen ouderdom toegekend. Jongmans en van Rummelen (1930) schrijven deze afzettingen echter een ondermioceenen ouderdom toe. Deze laatste ouderdomsbepaling berust op een vergelijking met het aangrenzende bruinkolengebied van Duitschland, waar een stratigrafische opeenvolging der lagen opgesteld is, die uitgaat van een bovenoligoceenen ouderdom der onderliggende glauconitische zanden. Eenzelfde klimatologische verhouding werd zoowel voor de geremanieerde middenmioceene fauna als voor de flora uit de bruinkool geconstateerd; beiden wijzen op afzetting tijdens een tropisch klimaat. De middenmioceene zee heeft in een grooten bocht over het Zuiden van ons land en het Noorden van België geloopen. Deze heeft via het Nauw van Calais in verbinding gestaan met de mediterrane zee. Van de Selachierfauna, die in de verschillende gebieden tijdens deze middenmioceene transgressie is afgezet, werd een volledige overeenkomst met de geremanieerde middenmioceene fauna vanuit het transgressieconglomeraat van Elsloo aangetoond. Het Bovenmioceen komt in een onderste zandige en een bovenste glimmerrijke kleiafzetting voor, die bijna overal duidelijk te onderscheiden zijn. Molengraaff en van Waterschoot van der Gracht (1913) houden de onderste, meer zandrnke facies zoowel in het Peelgebied als in Oost-Nederland voor Middenmioceen. De uit deze afzettingen beschreven Selachierfauna heeft echter een typisch bovenmioceen karakter, en daarom werd aan deze afzettingen een bovenmioceenen ouderdom toegekend. De bovenmioceene zee heeft een groote uitbreiding gehad. Het klimaat is subtropisch tot gematigd geweest. Het plioceen komt zoowel in mariene als in continentale facies voor. In Zuid-Limburg komt onder een dunne mariene onderplioceene zandlaag het bekende transgressieconglomeraat van Elsloo voor. Omtrent den ouderdom dezer laag heerscht groot meeningsverschil. Door determinatie van de geremanieerde Selachierfauna uit dit conglomeraat werd een middenmioceene herkomst van het materiaal vastgesteld. Deze ouderdomsbepaling houdt dus in, dat de bovenliggende afzettingen jonger zijn dan het Middenmioceen. Door het feit, dat het mariene Bovenmioceen niet zoover zuidelijk reikt, als ook door de aanwezigheid van een tweede, geremanieerde plioceene Selachierfauna aan de basis der hierboven liggende glaueonietzanden, werd een onderplioceene ouderdom aan de Elsloolaag toegekend. Behalve het op vele plaatsen aangetoonde mariene Onderplioceen, zijn voornamelijk in Limburg kontinentale afzettingen aangetoond. Deze zelfde facies zijn in midden- en bovenplioceene afzettingen aangetoond. Gedurende het Plioceen heeft de zee zich steeds meer naar het Westen en Noorden teruggetrokken. Het klimaat is geleidelijk kouder geworden. Tertiaire Selachiertanden komen ook op secundaire vindplaats in diluviale afzettingen voor. Nog heden ten dage spoelen vele haaientanden door de erodeerende werking van rivieren of zee uit de oorspronkelijke vindplaats los. Door de determinatie der tanden werd in vele gevallen de herkomst van de fauna vastgesteld.
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.10 (1938) nr.1 p.111
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: In het voorjaar van 1937 werd mij vanwege het Rijksmuseum van Geologie en Mineralogie te Leiden voorgesteld in aansluiting aan mijn, toen reeds beëindigd, geologisch onderzoek ten Oosten van de Serio, ook het gebied terzelfder hoogte ten Westen van de Serio, te gaan bewerken. Ten einde de hieraan verbonden onkosten voor reis en verblijf en een gedeelte der publieatiekosten te kunnen bestreden, deed ik een beroep op de Stichting „Molengraaff-fonds” te Delft. Dit beroep is niet tevergeefsch geweest.
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.13 (1942) nr.1 p.255
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Diese Arbeit enthält die Beschreibung einiger neuer Arten aus den Asphaltgesteinen der Insel Buton, sowie Bemerkungen über schon bekannte Species. Wie überall im ostindischen Archipel ist auch hier K. Martin vorangegangen, indem er 1933 und 1935 insgesamt 35 neue Arten beschrieben und abgebildet hat; diese Anzahl hat sich jetzt bis auf 86 vermehrt. Die hier behandelten Fossilien empfing ich z. T. aus den Sammlungen des Geologischen Institutes der Universität Amsterdam; einen kleinen Teil dieser Sammlung hat Prof. H.A. Brouwer von der Direktion der „Mijnbouwmaatschappij Boeton” erhalten, ein anderer Teil wurde diesem geologischen Museum geschenkt von Herrn Dr. W.P. de Roever, dessen Vater, Herr J.W. de Roever, damals Inspektor der „Stoomvaart-Maatschappij Nederland”, die Fossilien während eines Aufenthaltes auf der Insel Buton aus gleicher Quelle empfing; von beiden Sammlungen ist der genauere Fundort nicht bekannt. Dr. C.O. van Regteren Altena hat die obenerwähnten Mollusken zuerst durchgesehen, konnte diese Arbeit aber nicht beenden und überliess mir das Material zur weiteren Bearbeitung, dabei auch seine Notizen freundlichst zu meiner Verfügung stellend. Es war für uns beide von Interesse, unsere palaeontologischen Ergebnisse auf diese Weise durch Vergleich an einer und derselben Sammlung indopacifischer Mollusken nachprüfen zu können und ich danke Herrn v. Regteren herzlich für diese Gelegenheit zu einem regen Gedankenaustausch. Dass ich diese Arbeit luiternehmen konnte, verdanke ich selbstverständlich auch der Freundlichkeit der Direktion des hiesigen geologischen Institutes.
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    In:  Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands (0166-5189) vol.1 (1940) nr.1 p.59
    Publication Date: 2015-06-05
    Description: This annotated list of the mammals, lizards and mollusks of the Leeward Group, is based on author’s collection and therefore includes additional mainland-records of the island-species. As a rule a short commentary is given only as a guide to the adopted nomenclature and classification, in case of controversial data which are not yet settled, if important for our knowledge of regional distribution, mentioning vernacular names. Regarding the mammals, all known material-records are included.
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  • 68
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.11 (1939) nr.1 p.1
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Serrant de près le lac de Lugano, se trouve un vieux pays volcanique, environné de montagnes calcaires escarpées, qui, malgré son peu d'étendue a une histoire géologique des plus intéressantes. Les laves et les tufs de ces volcans anciens sont d’une grande diversité et ont fourni en ces derniers temps la matière de recherches récemment couronnées par les analyses chimiques de Mlle Koomans (1937). A peu près au même temps que les étudiants en géologie de Leyde s’appliquaient à l’étude de cette région volcanique ceux de Bâle exploraient les roches sédimentaires environnantes. Grâce à ces différentes recherches conduites tant sur le terrain qu’en laboratoire, l’histoire géologique de ce complèxe nous est devenue familière. Cependant il nous manquait encore une carte et des coupes géologiques de l’ensemble de la contrée qui nous en montreraient l’enchaînement et la structure générale. L’étude qui va suivre tâche de satisfaire à ce besoin. Il va sans dire qu’au cours de cette élaboration bien des questions nouvelles se sont présentées, mais on ne peut poser des problèmes avant que soit achevée la synthèse de l’ensemble.
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.7 (1935) nr.1 p.273
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: The oceanographical expedition on board Hr. Ms. Willebrord Snellius spent 15 months in investigating the eastern part of the Netherlands East Indies from 1929 to 1930. The present author accompanied the expedition as geologist. The geological results of the expedition may be devided into two parts. The first comprises those subjects that stand in direct relationship to the oceanographical work of the expedition, viz: the geological interpretation of the bathymetrical data obtained, the geology of coral reefs and the bottomsamples. These subjects are to be dealt with in the reports of the expedition. Two volumes have already appeared:
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.7 (1935) nr.1 p.157
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Le terrain étudié dans cette thèse m’a été assigné par le Dr. I. M. van der Vlerk qui a guidé ce travail. Le terrain comprend les communes de Cascante del Rio et de Valacloche, ainsi qu’une partie des communes de Cubla et de Camarena de la Sierra. Elles se trouvent en Espagne dans la partie méridionale de la province de Teruel, à l’Est du Rio Guadalaviar. Le travail d’exploration a été fait durant les étés des années 1931 à 1933. Comme base topographique j’ai employé les cartes à l’échelle de 1:50.000 de la Puebla de Valverde (no. 590) et de Camarena de la Sierra (no. 613), éditées par l’Instituto Geografico de Madrid. Les cartes ne sont pas tout-à-fait exactes, et je les ai corrigées là où cela répondait aux besoins géologiques. Tant sur le terrain que dans cette publication-ci, je me suis servi d’un réseau de coordonnées pour la détermination des localités. L’avantage de ce système est de pouvoir aisément et exactement situer une localité à l’intérieur des quadrilatères au moyen des coordonnées en mm. En 1933 mon ami R. Martin commença à étudier la géologie d’un terrain situé au Sud-Est du mien. Ses travaux seront publiés sous peu, également sous la forme d’une thèse à soutenir à l’Université de Leyden. Nous avons gardé au cours de nos travaux un contact étroit qui a permis maint échange de vues. Ces discussions, et les entretiens que j’eus avec le Dr. L. U. de Sitter, Adjoint-chef à l’Institut Géologique de l’Université de Leyden, au sujet de la tectonique, ont éclairci bien des points douteux.
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  • 71
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.13 (1942) nr.1 p.121
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: In 1928 maakte J. Cosijn, als eerste Leidsche student, een begin met de detailkaarteering 1:25000 van een deel der Bergamasker Alpen. Thans is dit werk zoover gevorderd, dat een strook tusschen het Lago di Como en het Ogliodal vrijwel geheel gekaarteerd is. Dat bij zoovele onderzoekers verschil van opvatting over het bepalen van stratigrafische grenzen heerscht, valt niet te verwonderen. Zoo ontstonden feitelijk drie groote problemen, t. w.
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  • 72
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.12 (1942) nr.1 p.251
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: La région étudiée est située dans les montagnes du Liban, à cheval sur le Liban Sud et la plaine de la Békaa et s’approche des contreforts de l’Anti-Liban (Fig. 2, p. 256, Fig. 3, p. 260). Cette région fut choisie parce qu’elle s’étend sur un terrain géologiquement fort intéressant et parce que le fond topographique venait d’être levé. Elle couvre la région haute du Liban Sud, de l’un à l’autre bord, déborde un peu à l’Ouest sur le plateau cénomanien côtier et pénètre largement à l’Est dans la Békaa. Dans la région haute le Crétacé inférieur est exceptionnellement développé et riche en faune et le Jurassique y constitue la longue crête du Djebel Barouk. Dans la Békaa se trouvent les termes plus élevés de la série stratigraphique; Cénomanien, Turonien, Sénonien et Eocène, de sorte que toute la série, depuis le Kimmeridgien jusqu’à l’Eocène compris, est représentée.
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.13 (1942) nr.1 p.202
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: The Pasoemah region S of the Goemai Mts. in W. Palembang is largely occupied by Quaternary volcanics, which form a sharply dissected plateaulike country, whose surface gradually slopes downward in an ENE direction from ± 1000 m to ± 300 m above sea-level, conformably to the courses of the Selangis and Lematang Rivers above their point of confluence. Where the Lematang River unites with the Moelak River, the acid welded tuffs of the Pasoemah highland, to which attention will be drawn in this paper, are cut off by a steep bluff, formed undoubtedly by retrogressive erosion, which was substantially facilitated by the presence of vertical cleavage planes in the rhyolitic tuff series. In the Goemai Mts., described elsewhere in detail by K.A.F.R. Musper (1937) and also dealt with by the present writer in a previous paper (J. Westerveld, 1941), a core of strongly folded lower-Cretaceous sediments, cut by various intrusiva, is covered unconformably by a steeply tilted series of Eogene or old-Miocene andesitic tuffs and breccias, the Lower Kikim tuffs, which again are covered with slight unconformity by the old-Miocene Upper Kikim tuffs or basal section of the Batoeradja-Telisa series. The base of the Pasoemah volcanics is generally formed by the S-ward dipping Telisa beds or upper part of the latter series; a monotonous sequence of Globigerina marls and shales with intercalated andesitic tuffs and breccias, layers of glauconitic sandstone, platy or concretionnary limestones, and occasional horizons with plant remains. Below the Quaternary tuff mantles this series unquestionably merges S-ward into the late-Miocene Lower Palembang beds, which only seem to be exposed quite locally at the bottom of the Selangis gorge NE of Pageralam (Musper, 1937, p. 41). The lower and thickest portion of the flat-lying, post-Tertiary, volcanic sequence is formed by welded rhyolitic tuffs, and the upper part by andesitic tuffs and agglomerates from the andesitic volcanoes, which border the Pasoemah highland on the W (G. Dempo), the S (the volcanoes of the Semendoh highland) and the E (the G. Isau-isau). Of these eruption points the Dempo volcano and the Semendoh volcanoes lie outside the map region.
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  • 74
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.9 (1937) nr.1 p.79
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Experiments are described in which artificial beaches were attacked by a combination of running waves parallel to the coast and superposed standing waves at right angles to the former. Beach cusps were formed only when a steep beach was eroded by the waves. Observations in nature are cited that appear to support the view that standing waves may be the cause of beach cusps, but further data are needed before a definite conclusion can be arrived at.
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  • 75
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.7 (1935) nr.1 p.221
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Some years ago we received a collection of foraminifera-bearing samples from Dr. H. K. Kugler and Dr. E. Lehner for examination, in sequence to the collection of larger foraminifera already examined from Central Falcon (Venezuela). (See Nettie E. Gorter and I. M. van der Vlerk, L.G.M., Dl. IV, afl. 2, 1932, p. 94—122). The material from Trinidad is very rich in representatives of the Orbitoididae family. On a closer study of the different genera of this family, for which the large collection of Indian and European Orbitoididae in the National Geological Museum in Leiden provided ample material, we observed that for the determination of genus the interlocular canalsystem is the most important feature. In the Orbitoididae the plasma is conveyed through the equatorial plane by means of canals and stolons. The first complete description of this was given by H. J. Carter in the Annals of Nat. Hist., 3rd series, vol. VIII, p. 449—453. In this article he remarks that in Orbitoides there are always four stolons to each chamber, while in infiltrated specimens of Orbitolites (= Lepidocyclina) mantelli, he sometimes found ever 6. C. W. Gümbel, Abh. k. bayer. Ak. W., II, Cl, X, Bd. II, 1868, p. 673, pointed out that these stolons formed a system, which he calls an interlocular canalsystem in analogy to the „interseptal canalsystem” which runs through the septa of the chambers in most foraminifera, but which is absent in the Orbitoididae. To avoid confusion with this interseptal canalsystem which in the literature is called simply canalsystem, we thought it better to use the expression „stolonsystem” here. It now appears that this system differs in different groups of Orbitoididae. For the sake of brevity however we will here confine ourselves to the groups connected with the genera to be dealt with in this monograph.
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.11 (1939) nr.1 p.62
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Dr. Ph. H. Kuenen kindly entrusted me with a suite of corals collected by him on the island Flores during his cruise with the Expedition on board of H.M. „Willebrord Snellius”. The exact locality is North coast near Papang where the road Papang-Rioeng-Rawoe forkes, 550 m above sea level. Nine different species were collected. Among these is one new species, Fungophyllia millepunctata. Of one coral, a Porites, the species could not be identified with certainty, though it strongly resembles a Porites species from the Miocene Progo-beds of Java. From the other 7 corals the following data on their stratigraphical distribution are known.
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  • 77
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    In:  Leidse Geologische Mededelingen (0075-8639) vol.7 (1935) nr.1 p.85
    Publication Date: 2014-10-27
    Description: Im Winter 1932—33 reifte in uns der Gedanke, den wenig zugänglichen zentralen Teil der Bergamasker Alpen, wie es auf Figur 1 angegeben ist, geologisch aufzunehmen. Das Gelände stellte immerhin dem Alleingänger derartige Schwierigkeiten, dass eine Aufnahme in gleicher Weise wie sie in den übrigen Teilen der Bergamasker Alpen durch die Leidener Geologen unternommen wurde, unmöglich gewesen wäre. Wir hatten darum die Absicht die Aufnahme zu zweien auszuführen. Weil sie innerhalb eines Sommers abgeschlossen werden sollte, waren wir gezwungen sie als eine Art Uebersichskartierung aufzufassen. Der rechtzeitige Abschluss wäre ohne die Assistenz von P. L. Damsté und W. A. Visser, für die wir an dieser Stelle unseren besten Dank aussprechen, unmöglich gewesen. Am 10. Juli 1933 fing die Arbeit in der Valle Caronno und in der Valle du Videl an. Sie schliesst also im W. an dem von Dozy 1931 und 1932 aufgenommenen Gebiet an. Stetig wurde nach E. hin gearbeitet. In der W-Hälfte dienten die folgenden, meist unbewirtschafteten Hütten des C. A. I. als Unterkunft:
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    In:  Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde (0067-8546) vol.27 (1939) nr.1 p.545
    Publication Date: 2014-11-07
    Description: Il existe, dans certaines régions du Nord Cambodge un bœuf sauvage différent du Gaur (Bos (Bibos) gaurus. H. Smith) et du Banteng (Bos (Bibos) banteng, Raffles) dont la présence a été signalée par quelques rares auteurs, en particulier par le Docteur DUFOSSÉ ¹) et plus récemment par R. VITTOZ ²). Cet animal très rare vit actuellement dans les forêts — clairières où un très petit nombre de chasseurs ont pu l’approcher. Le Docteur-Vétérinaire SAUVEL, qui est un des chasseurs les plus réputés du Nord-Cambodge, possède des trophées remarquables de cet animal. C’est grâce à lui qu’au cours d’un récent voyage en Indochine, nous avons pu voir de près ce Bovidé. M. SAUVEL a réussi, en effet, à capturer un jeune mâle de cette espèce qui est actuellement au Parc Zoologique du Bois de Vincennes et il a pu nous faire examiner un mâle qu’il venait de tuer près du village de Tchep, dans la région du Nord Cambodge.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 79
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    In:  Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde (0067-8546) vol.27 (1939) nr.1 p.247
    Publication Date: 2014-11-07
    Description: If during one’s work one comes across certain names again and again, names of old collectors, of one’s colleagues in earlier days, who with their private museums laid the foundation of our scientific institutions, one naturally becomes keen on knowing more about them. The results of this curiosity, collected by and by in spare time and sometimes too in time stolen from other more serious occupations, are given here to the public in the hope that they may meet their interest. As to me I thought it a pleasure and certainly worth the trouble. I first collected all that I could find in a casual way and at last I hunted for them more systematically, until the time came that circumstances put an end to it. Incomplete though this list may be, I now send it to the press, hoping that it may give many facts and many sources unknown till now either to historians or to zoologists. When I prepared my biography of Albert Seba I met so many names of old collectors that roused my curiosity that at last I decided to make a list of them, trying to find out what sort of people they were and recording what is known about their collections. It was not easy to put a limit of time to the list, so that finally I included all Dutch collectors I could find up to the present day. If I have omitted some I hope I shall be forgiven, and that readers will provide me with the names of those omitted, that they may serve for a supplement.
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  • 80
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    In:  EPIC3Unpublished manuscript, Max-Robitzsch-Nachlass, Leipzig, 15 p.
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Book , peerRev
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  • 81
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    W.L. & J. Brusse
    Publication Date: 2017-06-29
    Keywords: Rijksmuseum Natuurlijke Historie ; geschiedenis
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Book (monograph)
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  • 82
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.70 (1939) nr.1 p.550
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Die Begrenzung geologischer Zeiträume hängt wesentlich von der subjektiven Einschätzung der Veränderungen des Tier- und Pflanzenreiches ab, welche meistens allmählich stattfinden. Ausserdem können fazielle Unterschiede abweichende Ansichten veranlassen. Wenn es sich als möglich erweist, in dieser Hinsicht eine Konvergenz der Meinungen zu bewirken, sei es mittels eines Kompromisses, dann ist damit für das gegenseitige Verständnis in der geologischen Wissenschaft viel gewonnen. Die Einteilung der jüngsten Erdperiode, des Quartärs, erfolgt auf Grund der Eiszeiten, welche ihren Stempel auf Sedimentation, Flora und Fauna gedrückt haben. Allgemein wird angenommen, dass mit der letzten Eiszeit das Pleistozän zu Ende ging, aber über diesen Zeitpunkt besteht keine Einstimmigkeit. Wenn man ausschliesslich die direkten Folge der Vereisung in Betracht zieht, insbesondere die Bildung der Rückzugsmoränen, dann könnte man sagen, dass der Anfang des Holozäns für ein gewisses Gebiet mit dem Augenblick zusammenfiel, als das Gebiet endgültig eisfrei wurde. Ein Massstab würde dann aber für jene Gegenden fehlen, die in der letzten Eiszeit keinen Gletscher getragen haben, indem das Holozän in verschiedenen Gebieten zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten begonnen wäre, sogar der hohe Norden sich jetzt noch im Pleistozän befinden würde. Eine derartige Auffassung steht im Widerspruch mit dem Charakter einer geologischen Zeiteinteilung.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 83
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.90 (1942) nr.1 p.211
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: My revision of the Burseraceae in Pulle’s Flora of Suriname is extended here to a monographic treatment of those Burseraceous genera of which representatives occur in Suriname. Engler’s monograph of this family dates from nearly sixty years ago, and since that time many new species have been published. These additions and the large number of minor and major problems which presented themselves, doubtless justify the publication of this study. I am bound to admit however that not all problems could be solved. The present paper is divided into a General Part and a Taxonomic Part. The critical remarks concerning the whole family and its tribes are dealt with in the General Part, and those referring to the separate genera and species are to be found in the appropriate place in the Taxonomic Part; to the former is added a list of general literature, and to the latter a list of collectors’ numbers and indices of vernacular and scientific names.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 84
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.79 (1942) nr.1 p.279
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: In my revision of the Turneraceae for PULLE’s Flora of Suriname, I have accepted the genera Piriqueta and Turnera in the delimitation given to them by URBAN. The distinction rests on the presence in Piriqueta of a “corona” at the insertion of the petals. This corona, however, is often so weakly developed as to be almost invisible, and as moreover, the African representatives of Piriqueta appear to be more easily distinguishable from the American ones than the latter from some of the Turneras, the taxonomic importance of this organ appears to be somewhat dubious. A decision of the question, however, would necessitate a more extensive study of the genera than the demands of the present revision would justify; owing to lack of material, moreover, such a study would be impossible at the present time. The only species by which the genus Piriqueta is represented in Suriname was split by Urban in a fairly large number of varieties, of which four have been quoted by him from Suriname, namely: the var. genuina, the var. latifolia, the var. foliosa and the var. bracteolata. The var. foliosa differs from the type mostly in a more luxuriant growth and is very probably nothing but a form growing under somewhat different conditions. The bracteoles of the var. bracteolata are rather variable in size, and even in the specimen quoted by URBAN in the main not different from those found in other plants; it is not impossible that the somewhat larger size of some of them may be due to the presence of parasites. The leaves of the var. latifolia are distinctly wider than those of the type, and it is not improbable that this difference will prove constant. A study in the field, eventually supplemented by culture experiments. however, would be necessary to decide the point. For the present it is perhaps better not to lay too much stress on this rather insignificant difference.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 85
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.29 (1936) nr.1 p.223
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: This publication deals with some agaves which were collected by me participating as biologist in a geological excursion under Prof. Dr. L. M. R. Rutten and Mrs. Dr. C. J. Rutten-Pekelharing, in the beginning of 1930, to the West Indies. From 14 April to 4 May we camped in the western part of Curaçao, from 10 May to 10 June Bonaire was visited and from 16 June to 9 July we passed through Aruba. In preference to the collection of a large number of different forms of Agave, an intensive investigation of the forms found on a few localities was made. I hoped thereby to acquire some information about the variability, and insight into the problem of the concept of species, not to be obtained by the study of herbarium material. — Other material was collected during an excursion to the mainland, following an invitation by the „Caribbean Petroleum Company”.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 86
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.37 (1936) nr.1 p.719
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Acrodiclidium Nees, Laur. Disp. Progr. (1833), p. 13; id., Syst. Laur. (1836), p. 266; Endl., Gen. (1837), p. 319, n. 2042; id., Ench. (1841), p. 197; Dietrich, Synops. Pl. II (1840), p. 1332; Spach, Hist. nat. Véget., Phaner. X (1841), p. 471; Steudel. Nomencl. ed. 2 (1841), p. 21; Meissn., Gen. I (1836—43), p. 326, II, p. 238; Reichb., Nom., p. 71, n. 2668; Orbigny, Diet. univ. VII (1846), p. 259; Lindl., Veg. Kgd. (1846), p. 537; Griseb., Fl. Brit. W. I. isl. I (1860), p 280; Meissn. in D.C., Prodr. XV, 1 (1864), p. 84; id. in Fl. Bras. V, 2 (1866), p. 172; Benth. in Benth. et Hook., Gen. III (1880), p. 154; Baillon, Hist. II (1870), p. 474;. Pfeiffer, Nomencl. (1873), p. 35; Durand, Index Gen. (1888), p. 349, n. 6190; Mez in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berl. V (1889), p. 81; Pax in Engl.-Prantl, Pfl. fam. III, 2 (1889), p. 123; Dalla Torre et Harms, Gen. (1900—07), p. 178, n. 2819; Britton and Wilson, Porto Rico and Virg. isl. (1924), p. 316; Lemée, Dict. I (1929), p. 50; Benoist in Arch. Bot. V (1931), p. 65; Kosterm. in Pulle, Fl. Surin. II (1936), p. 315; — Licaria Aubl., Guia. I (1775), p. 313; Nees, Syst., p. 344; Endl., Gen, p. 320; id., Ench., p. 197; Spach., l.c.; Steudel, l.c., p. 41; Meissn., Gen. II, p. 238; Lindl., l.c.; Meissn. in D.C., l.c., p. 259; Benth., l.c., p. 150; Baillon, l.c., p. 452; Pfeiffer, l.c., p. 107; Durand, l.c., p. 489; Mez, l.c., p. 220;. dalla Torre, l.c., p. 177 et 585; Lemée, l.c., IV, p. 85; Benoist l.c., p. 274; Kosterm. in Meded. Bot. Mus. Utrecht 25 (1936), p. 34; id. in Pulle, l.c., p. 323; — Evonymodaphne Nees, Syst., p. 244 et 263; Lindl., Syst. ed 2 (1836), p. 442; Endl., Gen. p. 319;. id., Ench., p. 197; Dietrich, l.c., p. 1332; Spach, l.c.; Steudel, l.c., p. 621; Meissn., Gen. I, p. 326; id. II, p. 238; Rchb., l.c.; Lindl., l.c., p. 537; Meissn. in D.C., l.c., p. III; id. in Fl. Bras., p. 203; Benth., l.c., p. 158; Baillon, l.c., p. 437; Pfeiffer, l.c., p. 1322; Durand, l.c., p. 349; Mez, l.c., p. 82; dalla Torre, l.c., p. 177; — Triplomeia Rafin., Fl. Tellur. (1838), p. 134; dalla Torre, l.c., p. 178; Mez, l.c. Type species: Acrodiclidium brasiliense Nees.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 87
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.50 (1938) nr.1 p.1
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Van geen zijner geestesproducten heeft Goethe zoo weinig genoegen beleefd als van zijn „Versuch über die Metamorphose der Pflanzen”. Toen de verhandeling in 1790 na langdurige studie gereed was, weigerde de uitgever GÖSCHEN, met wien Goethe sinds vele jaren in relatie stond, haar te laten drukken, zoodat de schrijver naar een anderen uitgever moest gaan zoeken. In zijn verzameling van natuurwetenschappelijke studies, in 1817 uitgegeven met den titel „Zur Naturwissenschaften überhaupt, besonders zur Morphologie”, waarin de metamorphoseleer is herdrukt, beschrijft Goethe op de hem eigene olympische manier de lotgevallen van „Handschrift” en „Druckschrift” en beklaagt hij zich bitter over de koelheid van het publiek, maar nog meer over het gebrek aan inzicht en begrip van zijn wetenschappelijke tijdgenooten, die na 27 jaar nog geen van allen de draagwijdte van de metamorphosehypothese hebben begrepen. Van het publiek zegt hij „Das Publikum stutzte; denn nach seinem Wunsche sich gut und gleichförmig bedient zu sehen, verlangt es von jedem, dass er in seinem Fache bleibe”. De vrienden, aan wie Goethe indertijd presentexemplaren van zijn boekje had toegezonden, komen er slechter af: „Ueberdies waren die Aüszerungen meiner Freunde keineswegs von schonender Art, und es wiederholte sich dem vieljährigen Autor die Erfahrung dass man gerade von verschenkten Exemplaren, Unlust und Verdruss zu erleben hat. Kommt jemanden ein Buch durch Zufall, oder durch Empfehlung in die Hand, er liest es, kauft es auch wohl, überreicht ihm aber ein Freund, mit behaglicher Zuversicht, sein Werk, so scheint es als sey es darauf abgesehen ein Geistes-Uebergewicht aufzudringen. Da tritt nun das radicale Böse in seiner hässlichsten Gestalt hervor, als Neid und Widerwille gegen frohe, eine Herzensangelegenheit vertrauende Personen”. Deze uiting van Goethe kwam mij in de gedachte, toen ik overwoog, of ik het verbouwde en vergroote instituut met eenige plechtigheid en feestelijkheid in gebruik zou nemen, dan wel, of dit met stille trom zou moeten geschieden. Zonder bij iemand van de hier aanwezigen „Neid und Widerwille” te veronderstellen en in de overtuiging, dat een zoo onbelangrijke gebeurtenis niet in staat kan zijn het „Radicale Böse” bij u aan de oppervlakte te brengen, kan ik het niet van mij afzetten, dat er eenige overeenkomst is tusschen het met „behaglicher Zuversicht” overhandigen van een gedrukt geestesprodukt en het rondzenden van uitnoodigingen om aanwezig te zijn bij het in gebruik nemen van een niet zeer belangrijke verbouwing. Aanvankelijk kwam het mij voor, dat ik u met mijn „Herzensangelegenheit” niet moest lastig vallen.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 88
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.65 (1939) nr.1 p.509
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The Sapotaceae have of old a bad reputation among classificators because of the extreme complexity in which the single features are distributed over its genera, species and individuals. It is, in particular, extremely difficult to find satisfactory generic delimitations and consequently, the family yields a rich field both for lumpers and for splitters. Both categories, and several intermediaries, have given their opinions, as has been recently recalled by Charles Baehni in his “Mémoires sur les Sapotacées I, Système de Classification” (Candollea VII, 1938, 394—508). It is my present purpose to deliver a few annotations with regard to this valuable publication, meant, not in the first place as criticism, but as contributions towards the extensive material which is needed for a well-founded insight into the structure of this prolific natural order. In view of the often adverse opinions of earlier authors and of those investigators, like myself, who are intimately familiar with a part of the family only, without being sufficiently well acquainted with other parts, a new survey of the whole family by one man is highly desirable and we may look forward with vivid interest to Baehni’s further papers. The one quoted above is, I presume, to be considered as a preliminary study and if I am well informed the next step will be a monograph of one of the most intriguing genera. Pouteria.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 89
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.51 (1938) nr.1 p.1
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: The present publication is intended to be a monograph on the family of Burmanniaceae. It is divided into three parts: General Part, Critical Part and Taxonomical Part. The first part, General Part, contains general remarks on the taxonomy, distribution and use of the family. The second part, Critical Part, contains general and geobotanical remarks on the genera of the family, whereas the third part, the Taxonomical Part, gives the determination keys to the tribes, subtribes, genera, sections, subsections and species, the description of these groups with literature, distribution and the indications of the types. New varieties, species and larger groups are described in the taxonomical part in foot-notes.
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  • 90
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.49 (1938) nr.1 p.932
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Die erste Mitteilung über die Möglichkeit des Vorkommens fossiler Azolla im niederländischen Boden rührt von J. LORIé her, der im Jahre 1905 bei der Beschreibung von Bohrproben die Entdeckung von Makrosporangien von Azolla filiculoides Lam. in einer dünnen Torfschicht unter Vogelenzang erwähnte (Lit. 1). Da aller Wahrscheinlichkeit nach zur Zeit dieser Bohrung im Jahre 1887 Azolla schon in grosser Menge in der Umgebung wuchs, hielt LORIé es nicht für ausgeschlossen, dass rezente Makrosporangien in den Torf geraten wären. Der diesbezügliche Teil der angeführten Arbeit lautet: „Van eenig belang is de laag hard en droog veen, XIV, tusschen 61.1 en 61.4 M.—A.P., waaruit bij het slibben eenige zeer kleine voorwerpjes werden afgescheiden, klaarblijkelijk van plantaardigen oorsprong. Prof. Went te Utrecht had de goedheid ze voor mij te onderzoeken en ze te bestemmen als „mikrosporen met massulae van Azolla filiculoides”. Overblijfselen van het geslacht Azolla waren tot nog toe alleen bekend uit tertiair en carbon en tot voor korten tijd behoorden de beide soorten „caroliniana" en „filiculoides” niet tot onze of de Europeesche flora. Zij zijn als zoodanig eerst, tusschen 1880 en 1890, in ons land opgetreden, na uit den Hortus Botanicus te Leiden te zijn ontsnapt. Het juiste jaar is niet meer met zekerheid uit te maken, daar het geval eerst werd bemerkt, toen de plantjes zich op groote schaal hadden vermenigvuldigd. Zeer waarschijnlijk is het verder, dat zij in 1887 reeds in groote hoeveelheid leefden in den omtrek van Vogelenzang, zoodat de mogelijkheid niet is uitgesloten, dat zij toevallig in het veenmonster zijn verdwaald. In October 1904 heb ik daaromtrent een onderzoek Ingesteld. De boring is verricht bij de tuinmanswoning, gelegen aan eenen kleinen straatweg, op den westrand der binnenduinen, waarop Casa Nova is gelegen. Vlak daarbij is eene gegraven put, welker water veel ijzer bevatte, wat aanleiding tot de boring heeft gegeven. Aan de andere zijde van den straatweg, op ± 25 M. afstand, is eene sloot. die meestal droog is, doch, tijdens het werk, wel water kan bevat hebben. Aan dezelfde zijde van den straatweg, naar het N. toe, op ongeveer 150 M., is eene breede sloot of vaart, waarin ik veel Azolla vond. Deze is gegraven voor het afzanden der binnenduinen en was in 1887 aldaar nog niet aanwezig. Volgens den tuinman is aanvankelijk bij het werk geen water gebruikt, later wel, doch heeft men daartoe eene korte nortonbuis in den grond geslagen. Het is dus niet mogelijk na te gaan op welke wijze de overblijfselen van Azolla in het monster veen zijn gekomen, toch blijft de zaak voorshands twijfelachtig. Ware de boring vóór het jaar 1880 verricht, dan zoude men met recht Azolla tot de NederlandsChe fossielen uit het (interglaciale?) Diluvium mogen rekenen.” Im Jahre 1919 beschrieb J. VAN BAREN einen Fund in der Nähe von Oosterbeek, der zu Zweifel weniger Veranlassung gab (Lit. 2). VAN BAREN berichtet darüber folgendes: „In Januari 1911 ontving ik van den directeur van Johanna-Hoeve, den Heer P. M. Burgers, een monster klei uit een boring, op dat landgoed verricht door de firma J. de Boer, toenmaals te Leeuwarden. Deze klei geleek in al haar eigenschappen op de uit Drente, Friesland en Groningen bekende potklei. Zij bestond voor 53.2% uit deeltjes, kleiner dan 0.01 mM.; voor 35.6% uit deeltjes van 0.01—0.05 mM.; voor 6.0% uit deeltjes van 0.05—0.1 mM. en voor 5.2% uit deeltjes van 0.1—2 mM. Het % zand bedroeg dus 11.2%. De klei was kalkloos en het grofste zand bestond uit kwarts, lydiet, zandsteen, kwartsiet, mikroklien en houtresten (veel eik). Daarnaast kwamen talrijke, met de loupe duidelijk herkenbare, op eikels gelijkende voorwerpjes voor, waaraan, doch slechts microscopisch herkenbare, op ankers gelijkende aanhangsels zaten. Mevrouw J. v. d. Sleenv. Bork, assistente van Prof. Nierstrasz te Utrecht, was zoo vriendelijk deze voorwerpjes aan een nader onderzoek te onderwerpen, waarbij zij ze herkende als „macrosporen met massulae en glochidiën” van het hierboven genoemde watervarentje. Op mijn verzoek maakte zij tevens de twee hierbijgevoegde afbeeldingen, welke hier gereproduceerd worden, opdat hare aanwezigheid in kleilagen later niet door andere onderzoekers over het hoofd gezien zal kunnen worden. Nu rees de palaeontologisch belangrijke vraag, of de Azolla in deze klei „toevallig” of fossiel voorkwam. Naar mijn meening bewijst het volgende, dat wij Azolla hier als een fossiel uit het Pleistoceen kunnen beschouwen. In de eerste plaats toch komt Azolla thans niet in de omgeving van Oosterbeek voor, zoodat verontreiniging van het boormateriaal uitgesloten is; in de tweede plaats vindt men hier de overblijfselen van Azolla in een circa 8 M. dikke, zwarte kleilaag, liggend onder 30 M. fluviatiel zand en rustend op 7 M. grof zand, waaronder dan weer een halve M. zwarte klei volgt, waarin Azolla wel niet zoo veelvuldig voorkomt als daarboven, maar toch niet geheel ontbreekt.”
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  • 91
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.81 (1942) nr.1 p.1
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Die Frage nach der Art, wie die nordwesteuropäische Calluna-Heide entstanden ist, und wann dies geschah, wurde in den letzten Jahren erneut diskutiert. In der vorliegenden Mitteilung wird versucht, auf Grund der Resultate pollenanalytischer Untersuchungen kleiner Moore im Heidegebiet der niederländischen Provinz Drenthe einen Beitrag zur Lösung dieses Problems zu geben. Der von uns begangene Weg wurde bereits 1931 von OVERBECK (1) *) vorgeschlagen. Dieser Autor brachte damals auch schon ein Beispiel derartiger Untersuchungen in der Bearbeitung kleiner Moore auf der Vegesacker Geest in der Nähe von Bremen: des Moores bei Lilkendey und des Garlstedter Moores. Die Erscheinung, welche hier wichtig ist, ist folgende: In den Diagrammen der Ablagerungen beider Moore zeigen sich starke Anschwellungen der Ericaceenkurve zur Zeit des Buchenanstieges, die sich wohl nicht ausschliesslich oder auch nur zum grösseren Teil auf die Produktion an Ericaceenpollen des Moores zurückführen lassen. OVERBECK hebt hervor, dass diese Tatsache eine starke Ausbreitung der Heide gegen Ende der Bildungszeit des älteren Hochmoortorfs anzeigt, also im Subboreal, das etwa der Bronzezeit entspricht.
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  • 92
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.19 (1935) nr.1 p.215
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: From July-December 1933 I made a botanical collecting trip in Surinam (Dutch Guiana). It was intended especially to collect the herbs and lower shrubs as in the last 20 years, for evident reasons, the collections made by the Forestry Bureau were made for the greater part from the large forest trees. Therefore I have visited several savannahs and coastal swamps. Nevertheless a great part of the collection was made also in the forest, though I had not engaged sufficient Bush-Negroes to collect the trees as intensively as I did the herbs and shrubs. Moreover I made many photographs from plants and plantcommunities and notes on the vegetation of the savannahs and swamps, which I hope to be able to publish later-on in an account on the Surinamian vegetation. I am much indebted to Prof. Dr. A. Pulle, director of the Botanical Museum and Herbarium at Utrecht who afforded the opportunity for this voyage and who gave me much useful advise and assisted me with the preparation. Grateful acknowledgement I wish to make to the managing-board of the „van Eedenfonds” at Amsterdam and the „Miquelfonds” from the University at Utrecht who gave financial support for my voyage. I wish to record my sincere thanks to Their Excellencies Dr. A. A. L. Rutgers and Prof. Mr. J. C. Kielstra. Governors of Surinam for the assistance I received from the Government, especially by their placing the means of conveyance at my disposal. To Prof. Dr. G. Stahel, director of the Agriculture Experiment Station at Paramaribo, I am much indebted for the help he gave me during my stay in Surinam, and for the practical advise for my journeys in the forest. It is impossible to mention separately all persons in Surinam who gave me practical assistance, so I use the opportunity to express here my sincere thanks to all of them. Finally I wish to record my best thanks to my friend Mr. J. P. Janssen and his wife for their hospitality, which made my stay in Surinam unforgettable.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.58 (1939) nr.1 p.449
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: As far as known at present there occur in Java 4 wild species of Gynura, viz. G. aurantiaca (B1.) DC., G. carnosula Z.M., G. densiflora Miq. and G. procumbens (Lour.) Merr. A fifth species. G. pseudochina (L.) DC., is met with as a cultivated plant only, and even as such it seems to be very rare. A sixth. G. crepidioides Bth., an African plant of recent introduction, is better placed in Crassocephalum. Only one of the wild species, G. procumbens, occurs throughout the island, from sea-level up to about 2100 m. altitude. G. aurantiaca is restricted to West- and Central-Java, where it is found between 750 and 2400 m. alt.; along watercourses, however, it occasionally descends¹ as low as 350 m.; its area of distribution, extending from Mount Gědè to Mount Wilis, slightly overlaps in its eastern part the western extremity of that of G. densiflora. — G. densiflora, though reported to have been found almost a century ago in West-Java, seems, at present at least, to be confined to the eastern half of the island. It is a true mountain plant, growing between 2000 and 2600 m. above sea-level; its area of distribution extends from Mount Lawu to Mount Idjèn. G. densifolia appears to be essentially a sea-shore species; it has been found only in the eastern half of Java along the southern coast.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 94
    facet.materialart.
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.86 (1942) nr.1 p.147
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: In trying to prepare the account of the Myrtaceae for PULLE’s Flora of Suriname I soon found that a revision of the Myrtaceae of whole Guiana, especially of French Guiana, and preferably also of the Amazonian district, is necessary. The account would be of little value as long as our knowledge of the synonymy and the distribution of the species is so incomplete. The Myrtaceae of Guiana have been treated by BERG in Linnaea XXVII (1855—56) p. 1—512, XXIX (1858) p. 207—256 and XXX (1861) p. 647—713. Yet many species previously described from French Guiana, especially by AUBLET and by DE CANDOLLE, were not known to BERG. Moreover, BERG often based species on insufficient material, as has been pointed out by URBAN in his revision of the West Indian Myrtaceae in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. XIX (1895) p. 563. In this publication of URBAN the synonymy of several species common to the West Indies and Guiana is cleared up (Trinidad and Tobago are included in the West Indies). Another valuable contribution is SAGOT’s too little noticed account of the Myrtaceae of French Guiana in Annales Sciences Naturelles 6.20 (1885) p. 181—198. But SAGOT apparently did not know BERG’s last publication in Linnaea XXX, in which RICHARD’s collection from French Guiana is treated. Thus SAGOT sometimes cites specimens of RICHARD without knowing that they must be duplicates of the types of one of BERG’s new species and his account remains very incomplete.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 95
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.84 (1942) nr.1 p.373
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Though an excellent, critical monograph of the genus Cassipourea was published some years ago by ALSTON (in Kew Bulletin, 1925, p. 241—276), I should like to make a few remarks on the South-American species of this genus as my revision for PULLE’s Flora of Suriname III.2 has brought to light a few new facts. It will also give me an opportunity to refer to a publication of BRIQUET on some American representatives of this genus (in Candollea IV, 1931, p. 342—350), which disagrees with regard to a number of species with ALSTON’s interpretations. The species which covers the largest area is the chiefly West-Indian C. elliptica (Sw.) Poir. Formerly also a number of West- Brazilian and Peruvian specimens were referred to it, but ALSTON pointed out that these plants belonged to another species for which he introduced the name C. peruviana. A new West-Indian species, based on Broadway nr. 3841 and 4631, both from Tobago, was described by BRIQUET under the name C. Broadwayi. This species is, in my opinion, conspecific with C. elliptica. BRIQUET amply discussed the differences with C. latifolia Alston from Trinidad, but does not mention its relationship to C. elliptica. , though, in view of the latter’s area of distribution, this would have been more to the point. That ALSTON had already referred Broadway nr. 3841 to C. elliptica was apparently overlooked by BRIQUET. In opposition to BRIQUET I agree with ALSTON that no value should be set on the varieties of C. elliptica described by GRISEBACH (Fl. Br. W. Ind. Isl., I860, p. 274).
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 96
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.85 (1942) nr.1 p.141
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Paspalum montanum HENR. nov. spec. Perennis, caespitosa, stricte erecta, ad 60 cm alta; culmi glabri, plurinodes, nodis adpresse pubescentibus; vaginae arctae vel parum hiantes, hirsutae vel villoso-pubescentes, ligula scariosa, brunnea; laminae lineares, ad 1 cm latae vel inferiores angustiores, ad 20 cm longae, acuminatae, nervo crasso praeditae; inflorescentia terminalis, paniculata, e racemis paucis, in axillis barbatis, 4—5 cm longis formata; rhachis partialis subplana, leviter undulata, spiculae binatae, inaequaliter pedicellatae, altera subsessilis, altera longiter pedicellata, pedicelli glabri, subangulati; spiculae leviter sed distincte obovatae, strigosae, 2 mm longae, ad 1.4 mm latae, apice obtusae, vix vel leviter tantum acutatae, nervis haud visibilis, gluma inferior deest, gluma superior et lemma sterilis aequilongae, lemma fertilis 1.7 mm longa, badia vel brunnea, suborbicularis, distincte striato-punctata, haud nitida.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 97
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    In:  Mededelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht (2352-5754) vol.64 (1939) nr.1 p.502
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Der stratigraphische Aufbau der grossen Hochmoore in den Niederlanden, besonders derjenigen in den nördlichen Teilen des Landes, zeigt im allgemeinen die bekannte Zweiteilung des Hochmoortorflagers. Der ältere Hochmoortorf ist meist stark zersetzt. Neben Resten von Sphagnum werden auch solche von anderen Pflanzen, besonders von Eriophorum, darin gefunden. Nach oben geht dieses Torflager allmählich in den sogen. Grenztorf über. Dieser Grenztorf zeichnet sich meist durch einen grossen Reichtum an Eriophorum aus, während auch viele Heidereste darin enthalten sind. Ueber diesem Grenztorf folgt mit meist scharfem Uebergang der jüngere Hochmoortorf. Dieser ist meist ein fast reiner, wenig zersetzter Sphagnumtorf, worin grobblätterige Bleichmoosarten vorherrschen. Es ist besonders der Verdienst C. A. Webers gewesen, erkannt zu haben, dass diese Schichtenfolge aus der natürlichen Entwicklung eines Hochmoores nicht zu verstehen ist und einer besonderen Erklärung bedarf. Weber suchte dafür Anschluss an die Theorie der postglazialen Klimaänderungen von Blytt und Sernander. Die wesentlichen in seiner Anschauung enthaltenen Elemente sind folgende. Der ältere Hochmoortorf ist in der warmfeuchten atlantischen Periode entstanden; seine Konstitution wäre anfänglich von der des jüngeren Hochmoortorfes nicht sehr verschieden gewesen. Dann folgte eine ca. 1000 Jahre dauerende Trockenperiode im Subboreal, worin Heide und Wollgras auf den Mooren wuchsen und den Grenztorf bildeten. Dieser Grenztorf ist ist also nach Weber eine Trockenbildung. Durch die Einwirkung der atmosphärischen Einflüsse während dieser Trockenperiode sei der ältere Hochmoortorf zersetzt worden und habe seine heutige Konstitution erhalten. Nach Ende des Subboreals wurde das Klima erneut feuchter und auch kühler, was zur Bildung des jüngeren Hochmoortorfes führte. Weber hat zeitlebens an diese Anschauung festgehalten (17, 18).
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 98
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.2 (1942) nr.1 p.12
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: In Eerbeek, in einem der schön gelegenen Dörfer der Provinz Gelderland, steht ein altes Schloss, von der Verkehrsstrasse weit entfernt, und am Bach entlang zu erreichen. Es ist das sogenannte ”Huis Eerbeek“, das Haus der Frau Dr. Weber, die Herrin im wahren Sinne des Wortes. Da können wir heute der neunzigjährigen begegnen, beim Heruntersteigen der steinernen Treppe, oder auch am Teiche, bei den Karpfen und Enten; nicht selten auch trifft man sie ihre schönen Buchenalleen musternd, durch die sie mit raschen Schritten sich fortbewegt. Täglich nach dem Mittagsmahl geht sie spazieren, manchmal um mit dem Gärtner und mit ihren Bauern etwas zu besprechen. Und was gibt es in der heutigen Zeit nicht alles auf einem Gut zu tun, das Gut, das sie mit ihrem Gatten gehütet und entwickelt hat, bei welcher Arbeit sie beide ihren grossen biologischen Interessen frönen konnten.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 99
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    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.1 (1937) nr.1 p.123
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Much of the difficulty experienced by the modern systematic botanist is nomenclatorial. Though he may have a clear conception of a plant as a taxonomic unit, he is often at a loss to find out what it is as a legitimate nomenclatural entity. If a haphazard use of names is permitted, it will result in different botanists using the same name in a different sense, so that the names themselves, unaccompanied by a description, will give no definite denotation; that is, a name may become applicable to several independent taxonomic units. And if it is attempted to skip over these difficulties by creating a new name every time the legitimacy of a name of a plant is questioned, a usage may be established in virtue of which, on the one hand, very good names may be rejected on insufficient grounds, while, on the other, one and the same taxonomic group of plants will be known by different names to different botanists in different countries. Actually, some such state of affairs as this was common at one time in taxonomic botany, so that it came to be felt that personalities had a great deal to do with popularizing some names, however erroneous, as well as with rejecting quite good ones. In other words, there was a tendency to subordinate the naming of plants, or the validity and legitimacy of plant-names, to personal or national or provincial likes and dislikes, with the result that the scientific names were often less stable and precise in their application than the vernacular names. In order to obviate these drawbacks and to make the nomenclature of plants more precise and international, the new nomenclatorial Rules adopted as their basis the type- and the priority-concepts as the most important guiding principles in such matters. These Rules do not recognize personalities, but they oblige taxonomists to examine the claims of each plant-name for legitimacy on the merits of the names themselves, and not of the authors of the names, or of the authors of the works in which the names have been published. Thus at one stroke these two principles have, in nomenclatorial procedure, attempted to do away with all incentives for botanists to split themselves into different camps on a national basis or according to the sides taken by the heads of the particular institutions to which they belong.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Blumea. Supplement (0373-4293) vol.2 (1942) nr.1 p.108
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: It needs an explanation why among the botanical papers published in this volume to honour Mrs. Weber—van Bosse on her 90th birthday a zoological contribution has been inserted. Those who have read the curriculum vitae of this wellknown botanist in the foregoing pages of this volume will not wonder, for they know that she has been keenly interested for more than half a century in the zoological work of her late husband. And so among the chorus of botanists the voice of a zoologist could hardly be missed. For many years I have enjoyed the friendship of both, and I am grateful for this opportunity to show Mrs. Weber my affection and my admiration. When contemplating an adequate theme for this paper it occurred to me that in some way or other it had to dwell on the relations between zoology and botany and as the distribution of animals is a branch of science which has always interested both Max Weber and me, I decided on the influence which the distribution of plants has on that of animals.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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