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  • 550 - Earth sciences  (7.367)
  • 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • 2010-2014  (4.817)
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  • 1
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    Modeling the 2004 Sumatra tsunami at Seychelles Islands: site-effect analysis and comparison with observations (2014)
    Springer Netherlands | Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: The Mw = 9.1 mega-thrust Sumatra–Andaman earthquake that occurred on December 26, 2004, was followed by a devastating tsunami that killed hundreds of thousands of people and caused catastrophic effects on human settlements and environments along many coasts of the Indian Ocean, where even countries very far from the source were affected. One of these cases is represented by the Republic of Seychelles, where the tsunami reached the region about 7 h after the earthquake and produced relevant damages, despite the country was more than 4,500 km far from the seismic source. In the present work, we present and discuss a study of the 2004 Sumatra tsunami by means of numerical simulations with the attention focused on the effects observed at the Seychelles Archipelago, a region never previously investigated with this approach. The case is interesting since these islands lay on a very shallow oceanic platform with steep slopes so as the ocean depth changes from thousands to few tens of meters over short distances, with significant effects on the tsunami propagation features: the waves are strongly refracted by the oceanic platform and the tsunami signal is modified by the introduction of additional frequencies. The study is used also to validate the UBO-TSUFD numerical code on a real tsunami event in the far field, and the results are compared with the available observations, i.e., the sea level time series recorded at the Pointe La Rue station, Mahe ́ Island, and run-up measurements and inundation lines surveyed few weeks after the tsunami at Praslin Island, where the tsunami hit during low tide. Synthetic results are found in good agreement with observations, even though some of the observations remain not fully solved. Moreover, simulations have been run in high-tide condition since the 2004 Sumatra tsunami hitting at high tide can be taken as the worst-case scenario for the Seychelles islands and used for tsunami hazard and risk assessments
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1507–1525
    Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): Tsunami; Numerical modeling; Indian Ocean; Tsunami scenarios ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 2
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    The UBO-TSUFD tsunami inundation model: validation and application to a tsunami case study focused on the city of Catania, Italy (2014)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-24
    Beschreibung: Nowadays numerical models are a powerful tool in tsunami research since they can be used (i) to reconstruct modern and historical events, (ii) to cast new light on tsunami sources by inverting tsunami data and observations, (iii) to build scenarios in the frame of tsunami mitigation plans, and (iv) to produce forecasts of tsunami impact and inundation in systems of early warning. In parallel with the general recognition of the importance of numerical tsunami simulations, the demand has grown for reliable tsunami codes, validated through tests agreed upon by the tsunami community. This paper presents the tsunami code UBO-TSUFD that has been developed at the University of Bologna, Italy, and that solves the non-linear shallow water (NSW) equations in a Cartesian frame, with inclusion of bottom friction and exclusion of the Coriolis force, by means of a leapfrog (LF) finite-difference scheme on a staggered grid and that accounts for moving boundaries to compute sea inundation and withdrawal at the coast. Results of UBO-TSUFD applied to four classical benchmark problems are shown: two benchmarks are based on analytical solutions, one on a plane wave propagating on a flat channel with a constant slope beach; and one on a laboratory experiment. The code is proven to perform very satisfactorily since it reproduces quite well the benchmark theoretical and experimental data. Further, the code is applied to a realistic tsunami case: a scenario of a tsunami threatening the coasts of eastern Sicily, Italy, is defined and discussed based on the historical tsunami of 11 January 1693, i.e. one of the most severe events in the Italian history.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1795– 1816
    Beschreibung: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): tsunami numerical model ; inundation ; UBO-TSUFD ; validation ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    Compositionally zoned crystals and real-time degassing data reveal changes in magma transfer dynamics during the 2006 summit eruptive episodes of Mt. Etna (2014)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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    Publikationsdatum: 2023-01-27
    Beschreibung: One of the major objectives of volcanology remains relating variations in surface monitoring signals to the magmatic processes at depth that cause these variations. We present a method that enables compositional and temporal information stored in zoning of minerals (olivine in this case) to be linked to observations of real-time degassing data. The integrated record may reveal details of the dynamics of gradual evolution of a plumbing system during eruption. We illustrate our approach using the 2006 summit eruptive episodes of Mt. Etna. We find that the history tracked by olivine crystals, and hence, most likely the magma pathways within the shallow plumbing system of Mt. Etna, differed considerably between the July and October eruptions. The compositional and temporal record preserved in the olivine zoning patterns reveal two mafic recharge events within months of each other (June and September 2006), and each of these magma supplies may have triggered the initiation of different eruptive cycles (July 14–24 and August 31–December 14). Correlation of these observations with gas monitoring data shows that the systematic rise of the CO2/SO2gas values is associated with the gradual (preand syn-eruptive) supply of batches of gas-rich mafic magma into segments of Etna’s shallow plumbing system, where mixing with pre-existing and more evolved magma occurred.
    Beschreibung: This work was funded by the German Science Foundation as part of the collaborative research centre (SFB) on Rheology of the Crust—from the upper crust to the subduction zone (SFB 526).
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 692
    Beschreibung: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Beschreibung: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Beschreibung: 5V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenze
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): Crystal zoning ; Plumbing system Mt. Etna ; Magma mixing ; Gas monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Hot water generation for oil sands processing from enhanced geothermal systems: Process simulation for different hydraulic fracturing scenarios (2014)
    In:  Applied Energy
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    The clonal dependence of turion formation in the duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza - an ecogeographical approach (2014)
    In:  Physiologia Plantarum
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Formation of turions, the vegetative perennation organs, plays an important role in the survival strategy of Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden. Turion formation [quantified as number of turions formed per frond; specific turion yield (SY)] was investigated in 27 clones collected from a wide geographical range. The Pearson correlation was tested with (1) duration of growing season (monthly average temperature of ≥10°C), (2) relative growth rate of the fronds, (3) longitude and latitude, and (4) several climatic parameters, in all possible single and multiple regressions. All single coefficients of determination were below 0.10. The highest correlation (R2 = 0.61; adjusted for the number of explaining variables 0.54) was found in a multiple linear regression with the following five parameters: average temperatures over the year and during the growing season, duration of the growing season and precipitation over the year and during the growth period. All these parameters were shown to have significant contributions. This equation was used successfully to predict the SY of five newly isolated clones. Finally, on the basis of all 32 clones the following conclusions were drawn: The mean annual temperature has the highest impact. It is suggested that lower temperatures decrease the survival rate of turions and that adaptation refers to increasing SY. The different levels of SY in the clones (ranging from SY = 0.22 to 5.9) were detected even after several years of in vitro cultivation. It is therefore assumed that these adaptations to the climatic conditions are genetically determined.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    ModEM: A modular system for inversion of electromagnetic geophysical data (2014)
    In:  Computers and Geosciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    Storage-discharge relationships at different catchment scales based on local high-precision gravimetry (2014)
    In:  Hydrological Processes
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    Sedimentation in the floodplains of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Part I: Suspended sediment dynamics (2014)
    In:  Hydrological Processes
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
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    Real-time clock offset prediction with an improved model (2014)
    In:  GPS Solutions
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: The GPS orbit precision of the IGS ultra-rapid predicted (IGU-P) products has been remarkably improved since 2007. However, the satellite clock offsets of the IGU-P products have not shown sufficient high-quality prediction to achieve sub-decimeter precision in real-time precise point positioning (RTPPP), being at the level of 1–3 ns (30–90 cm) RMS in recent years. An improved prediction model for satellite clocks is proposed in order to enhance the precision of predicted clock offsets. First, the proposed prediction model adds a few cyclic terms to absorb the periodic effects, and a time adaptive function is used to adjust the weight of the observation in the prediction model. Second, initial deviations of the predictions are reduced by using a recomputed constant term. The simulation results have shown that the proposed prediction model can give a better performance than the IGU-P clock products and can achieve precision better than 0.55 ns (16.5 cm) in real-time predictions. In addition, the RTPPP method was chosen to test the efficiency of the new model for real-time static and kinematic positioning. The numerical examples using the data set of 140 IGS stations show that the static RTPPP precision based on the proposed clock model has been improved about 22.8 and 41.5 % in the east and height components compared to the IGU-P clock products, while the precisions in the north components are the equal. The kinematic example using three IGS stations shows that the kinematic RTPPP precision based on the proposed clock model has improved about 30, 72 and 44 % in the east, north and height components.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 10
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    Direct and indirect laboratory measurements of poroelastic properties of two consolidated sandstones (2014)
    In:  International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 11
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    Laser spectroscopic real time measurements of methanogenic activity under simulated Martian subsurface analog conditions (2014)
    In:  Planetary and Space Science
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 12
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    EDIM: Earthquake Disaster Information System for the Marmara Region, Turkey (2014)
    In:  Early Warning for Geological Disasters : Scientific Methods and Current Practice
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 13
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    Applications of a low-cost, wireless, self-organising system (SOSEWIN) to earthquake early warning and structural health monitoring (2014)
    In:  Early Warning for Geological Disasters : Scientific Methods and Current Practice
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 14
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    Observation of the System Earth from Space – CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE and future missions (2014)
    Springer
    In:  GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report | Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 15
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    Early Warning for Geological Disasters : Scientific Methods and Current Practice (2014)
    Springer
    In:  Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 16
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    Simulation of Multitemporal and Hyperspectral Vegetation Canopy Bidirectional Reflectance Using Detailed Virtual 3-D Canopy Models (2014)
    In:  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: The influence of plant and canopy architecture on canopy bidirectional reflectance and the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is the subject of this paper. To understand BRDF-influenced reflectance signals, this influence must be identified and quantified, which requires detailed knowledge concerning the structure and BRDF of the observed canopies. In situ BRDF measurements of canopies are time consuming and depend on the availability of a field goniometer. In contrast to field measurements, computer-based simulations of the canopy BRDF offer an alternative approach that considers parameter-driven setups of virtual canopies under constant illumination conditions. This paper presents the hyperspectral simulation of canopy reflectance (HySimCaR) system, which has been developed in the context of the EnMAP mission. This spectral, spatial, and temporal simulation system consists of detailed virtual 3-D cereal canopies of different phenological stages, whose geometries are linked to the corresponding spectral information. The system enables the simulation of realistic bidirectional reflectance spectra on the basis of virtual 3-D scenarios by incorporating any possible viewing position with ray- tracing techniques. The parameterization of a number of canopy structure parameters, such as phe nological stage, row distance, and row orientation, enables the modeling of the bidirectional reflectance and, based on them, the approximation of the BRDF for many structurally different cereal canopies. HySimCaR has been validated with respect to structural and spectral accuracy using three cereal types, namely, wheat, rye, and barley, at 13 different phenological stages. The results show that the virtual cereal canopies are re-created in a realistic way, and it is possible to model their detailed canopy bidirectional reflectance and their BRDF using HySimCaR.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 17
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    Red Mediterranean Soils in Jordan: New insights in their origin, genesis, and role as environmental archives (2014)
    In:  Catena
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: It is disputed whether Terrae Rossae form mainly out of the bedrock residue, from allochthonous material like aerosols, or by isovolumetric replacement. Furthermore, whether they are mainly relic soils or are still forming is subject to debate. These questions were addressed by comparing the geochemistry of several limestone and basalt based Red Mediterranean Soils with Lithosols on sandstone and limestone in Jordan. The bedrock residue was included at all test sites. Paleosols and initial soils on the limestone Regolith of historic ruins delivered insights into the possible time frame of soil development. A major reduction of elements in the soils compared to bedrock could be observed for CaO in carbonaceous, SiO2 in arenaceous, and Fe2O3 and MgO in basaltic rocks. All Terrae Rossae, however, are characterised by a significant increase of SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, Fe2O3, K2O, and a range of mainly metallic minor elements that cannot be derived from the bedrock. A reasonable explanation could be input via aeolian transfer of minerals, with clay minerals as the major carrier plus quartz. This input probably originates in Egypt and Sudan and has remained largely unchanged over long periods. Growing aridity during the Holocene has apparently increased the share of silt while clay deposition and soil development has been reduced. At some sites, metasomatic processes have contributed to soil development and might help to explain the depth of some profiles. However, formation of red soils during the Holocene seems very limited, and the Red Mediterranean Soils may represent remains of a paleolandscape.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 18
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    Sedimentation in the floodplains of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Part II: deposition and erosion (2014)
    In:  Hydrological Processes
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 19
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    The Role of Information and Communication Technology in the Development of Early Warning Systems for Geological Disasters: The Tsunami Show Case (2014)
    In:  Early Warning for Geological Disasters : Scientific Methods and Current Practice | Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 20
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    Future Gravity Field Satellite Missions (2014)
    In:  Observation of the System Earth from Space - CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE and future missions | GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report | Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 21
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    The effects of temperature and pressure on the porosity evolution of Flechtinger Sandstone. (2014)
    In:  Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 22
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    The Earthquake and Tsunami Early Warning System for the Indian Ocean (GITEWS) (2014)
    In:  Early Warning for Geological Disasters : Scientific Methods and Current Practice
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 23
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    Challenges for Bayesian Network Learning in a Flood Damage Assessment Application (2014)
    In:  Safety, reliability, risk and life-cycle performance of structures and infrastructures : proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, New York, USA, 16-20 June 2013 | A Balkema Book
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 24
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    Reprocessing and application of GPS radio occultation data from CHAMP and GRACE (2014)
    In:  Observation of the System Earth from Space - CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE and future missions | GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report ; No. 20 ; Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 25
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    Submonthly GRACE solutions from localizing integral equations and Kalman filtering (2014)
    In:  Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet ; proceedings of the IAG General Assembly, Melbourne, Australia, June 28 - July 2, 2011 | International Association of Geodesy Symposia ; vol. 139
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 26
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    EIGEN-6C: A High-Resolution Global Gravity Combination Model Including GOCE Data (2014)
    In:  Observation of the System Earth from Space - CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE and future missions | GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report ; No. 20 ; Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 27
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    Postseismic Ground Deformation Following the September 2010 Darfield, New Zealand, Earthquake From TerraSAR-X, COSMO-SkyMed, and ALOS InSAR (2014)
    In:  IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 28
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    High temperature instruments and methods developed for supercritical geothermal reservoir characterisation and exploitation - The HiTI project (2014)
    In:  Geothermics
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 29
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    Derivation of Topographic potential from global DEM Models (2014)
    In:  Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet : Proceedings of the IAG General Assembly, Melbourne, Australia, June 28 - July 2, 2011 | International Association of Geodesy Symposia ; Vol. 139
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 30
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    Methanobacterium movilense sp. nov., a hydrogenotrophic, secondary-alcohol-utilizing methanogen from the anoxic sediment of a subsurface lake (2014)
    In:  International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 31
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    Interactive visual summaries for detection and assessment of spatiotemporal patterns in geospatial time series (2014)
    In:  Information Visualization
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-07-19
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 32
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    Discordance between cosmogenic nuclide concentrations in amalgamated sands and individual fluvial pebbles in an arid zone catchment (2014)
    In:  Quaternary Geochronology
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-06
    Beschreibung: Based on cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al analyses in 15 individual detrital quartz pebbles (16e21 mm) and cosmogenic 10Be in amalgamated medium sand (0.25e0.50 mm), all collected from the outlet of the upper Gaub River catchment in Namibia, quartz pebbles yield a substantially lower average denudation rate than those yielded by the amalgamated sand sample. 10Be and 26Al concentrations in the 15 indi- Accepted 9 April 2012 Available online xxx vidual pebbles span nearly two orders of magnitude (0.22 ± 0.01 to 20.74 ± 0.52 x 10 6 10 Be atoms g-1 and 1.35 ± 0.09 to 72.76 ± 2.04 x 106 26Al atoms g-1, respectively) and yield average denudation rates of w0.7 m Myr-1 (10Be) and w0.9 m Myr-1 (26Al). In contrast, the amalgamated sand yields an average Keywords: Beryllium-10 10Be concentration of 0.77 ± 0.03 x 106 atoms g-1, and an associated mean denudation rate of Aluminium-26 Neon-21 Cosmogenic nuclide Grain size bias Namibia 9.6 ± 1.1 m Myr-1, an order of magnitude greater than the rates obtained for the amalgamated pebbles. The inconsistency between the 10Be and 26Al in the pebbles and the 10Be in the amalgamated sand is likely due to the combined effect of differential sediment sourcing and longer sediment transport times for the pebbles compared to the sand-sized grains. The amalgamated sands leaving the catchment are an aggregate of grains originating from all quartz-bearing rocks in all parts of the catchment. Thus, the cosmogenic nuclide inventories of these sands record the overall average lowering rate of the landscape. The pebbles originate from quartz vein outcrops throughout the catchment, and the episodic erosion of the latter means that the pebbles will have higher nuclide inventories than the surrounding bedrock and soil, and therefore also higher than the amalgamated sand grains. The order-of-magnitude grain size bias observed in the Gaub has important implications for using cosmogenic nuclide abundances in deposi- tional surfaces because in arid environments, akin to our study catchment, pebble-sized clasts yield substantially underestimated palaeo-denudation rates. Our results highlight the importance of carefully considering geomorphology and grain size when interpreting cosmogenic nuclide data in depositional surfaces.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 33
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    Unbekannt
    I finanziamenti europei alla ricerca in università e in enti pubblici di ricerca: aspetti organizzativi e informativi per il supporto al ciclo di vista del progetto (2013)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-05-25
    Beschreibung: European Union funding poses organizational challenges as well as requires adequate information management tools. Research support services have been set up in 90% of Italian universities, in the so-called Research Offices and in public research bodies, often in the International Relation Offices. The paper summarizes some considerations coming from state-of-the-art and illustrates the results of a dedicated survey which has been carried out on a sample of universities and research bodies of Italy. Both organizational structures to promote and manage the projects and features of information systems to support the whole project life-cycle are taken into account.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1-22
    Beschreibung: 5.9. Formazione e informazione
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): EU funding ; Financial sustainability ; research funding ; project life-cycle ; Current Reseach Information Systems ; CRIS ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 34
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    Unbekannt
    Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale: stato dell'arte e sviluppo delle reti di monitoraggio sismico (2013)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-03
    Beschreibung: Il sistema CUMAS (Cabled Underwater Module for Acquisition of Seismological data) è un prodotto tecnologico-scientifico complesso nato con il Progetto V4 [Iannaccone et al., 2008] allo scopo di monitorare l’area vulcanica dei Campi Flegrei (fenomeno del bradisismo). Si tratta di un modulo sottomarino cablato e connesso a una boa galleggiante (meda elastica). Il sistema è in grado di acquisire e trasmettere alla sala di monitoraggio dell’OV, in continuo e in tempo reale, sia i segnali sismologici sia quelli di interesse geofisico ed oceanografico (maree, correnti marine, segnali acustici subacquei, parametri funzionali di varia natura). Il sistema è in grado di ricevere comandi da remoto per variare diversi parametri di acquisizione e di monitorare un cospicuo numero di variabili di funzionamento. Il sistema si avvale del supporto di una boa galleggiante attrezzata. La boa è installata a largo del golfo di Pozzuoli (Napoli) a circa 3 km dalla costa. Il modulo sottomarino, collegato via cavo alla parte fuori acqua della boa, è installato sul fondale marino a una profondità di circa 100 metri.
    Beschreibung: Submitted
    Beschreibung: 82-85
    Beschreibung: 1.1. TTC - Monitoraggio sismico del territorio nazionale
    Beschreibung: 1.3. TTC - Sorveglianza geodetica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Beschreibung: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Beschreibung: 2.5. Laboratorio per lo sviluppo di sistemi di rilevamento sottomarini
    Beschreibung: 5.2. TTC - Banche dati di sismologia strumentale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: open
    Schlagwort(e): Monitoraggio sismico; sistemi sottomarini; boa; meda elastica ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.01. Composition and Structure ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.03. Pollution ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.04. Processes and Dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.05. Radiation ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.06. Thermodynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.07. Volcanic effects ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.01. Ion chemistry and composition ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.02. Dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.03. Forecasts ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.04. Plasma Physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.05. Wave propagation ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.06. Instruments and techniques ; 01. Atmosphere::01.02. Ionosphere::01.02.07. Scintillations ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.01. Interplanetary physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.02. Magnetic storms ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.03. Magnetospheric physics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.04. Structure and dynamics ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.05. Solar variability and solar wind ; 01. Atmosphere::01.03. Magnetosphere::01.03.06. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.01. Active layer ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.02. Cryobiology ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.03. Cryosol ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.04. Periglacial processes ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.05. Seasonally frozen ground ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.06. Thermokarst ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.07. Tundra ; 02. Cryosphere::02.01. Permafrost::02.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.01. Avalanches ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.02. Cryosphere/atmosphere Interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.03. Geomorphology ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.04. Ice ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.05. Ice dynamics ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.07. Ocean/ice interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.08. Rock glaciers ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.09. Snow ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.10. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.01. Aerosols ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.02. Atmospheric Chemistry ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.03. Climate Indicators ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.04. Ice Core Air Bubbles ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.05. Paleoclimate ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.06. Precipitation ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.07. Teleconnection ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.08. Temperature ; 02. Cryosphere::02.03. Ice cores::02.03.09. Instruments and techniques ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.01. Atmosphere/sea ice/ocean interaction ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.02. Leads ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.03. Polynas ; 02. Cryosphere::02.04. Sea ice::02.04.04. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.01. Analytical and numerical modeling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.02. Equatorial and regional oceanography ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.05. Operational oceanography ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.06. Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.07. Physical and biogeochemical interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.08. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.01. Channel networks ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.02. Hydrological processes: interaction, transport, dynamics ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.03. Groundwater processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.04. Measurements and monitoring ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.05. Models and Forecasts ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.06. Water resources ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.01. Air/water/earth interactions ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.02. General circulation ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.03. Interannual-to-decadal ocean variability ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.04. Upper ocean and mixed layer processes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.05. Instruments and techniques ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.01. Biogeochemical cycles ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.02. Carbon cycling ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.03. Chemistry of waters ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.04. Ecosystems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.05. Gases ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.06. Hydrothermal systems ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.07. Radioactivity and isotopes ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.04. Chemical and biological::03.04.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.01. Composition and state ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.04. Mineral physics and properties of rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.01. Geochemical exploration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.02. Gravity methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.03. Heat flow ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.04. Magnetic and electrical methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.02. Earth rotation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.03. Gravity and isostasy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.04. Gravity anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.09. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.05. Mineralogy and petrology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.06. Rheology, friction, and structure of fault zones ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.07. Rock geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.08. Sediments: dating, processes, transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.11. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.01. Dynamo theory ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.03. Global and regional models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.04. Magnetic anomalies ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.05. Main geomagnetic field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.07. Rock magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.08. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.09. Environmental magnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.01. Continents ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.03. Heat generation and transport ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.08. Volcanic arcs ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.01. Gases ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.01. Data processing ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.02. Cellular automata, fuzzy logic, genetic alghoritms, neural networks ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.03. Inverse methods ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.04. Statistical analysis ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.04. Hydrogeological data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.05. Collections ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest::05.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.05. Mathematical geophysics::05.05.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.06. Methods::05.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.01. Solar-terrestrial interaction ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.02. Space weather ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.01. Environmental risk ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.02. Hydrogeological risk ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 35
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    On the Recognition of Emotional Vocal Expressions: Motivations for an Holistic Approach (2013)
    Springer-Verlag
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Human beings seem to be able to recognize emotions from speech very well and information communication technology aims to implement machines and agents that can do the same. However, to be able to automatically recognize affective states from speech signals, it is necessary to solve two main technological problems. The former concerns the identification of effective and efficient processing algorithms capable of capturing emotional acoustic features from speech sentences. The latter focuses on finding computational models able to classify, with an approximation as good as human listeners, a given set of emotional states. This paper will survey these topics and provide some insights for a holistic approach to the automatic analysis, recognition and synthesis of affective states.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 541-550
    Beschreibung: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): Emotional vocal expressions ; Processing algorithms ; Computational models ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 36
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    On the Divergenceless Property of the Magnetic Induction Field (2013)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Maxwell’s equations beautifully describe the electromagnetic fields properties. In what follows we will be interested in giving a new perspective to divergence-free Maxwell’s equations regarding the magnetic induction field: divB=0. To this end we will consider some physical aspects of a system consisting of massive nonrelativistic charged articles, as sources of an electromagnetic field (e.m.) propagating in free space. In particular the link between conservation of total momentum and divergence-free condition for the magnetic induction B field will be deeply investigated.This study presents a new context in which the necessary condition for the divergence-free property of the magnetic induction field in the whole space, known as solenoidality condition, directly comes from the conservation of total momentum for the system, that is, sources and field. This work, in general, leads to results that leave some open questions on the existence, or at least the bservability, of magnetic monopoles, theoretically plausible only under suitable symmetry assumptions as we will show.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Article ID 292834
    Beschreibung: 3.9. Fisica della magnetosfera, ionosfera e meteorologia spaziale
    Beschreibung: N/A or not JCR
    Beschreibung: partially_open
    Schlagwort(e): Classical electromagnetism ; Second Maxwell equation ; Momentum conservation ; Symmetry theory and magnetic monopoles ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.06. Methods::05.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 37
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    Cognitive Behavioural Systems (2013)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-01-31
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 1VV. Altro
    Beschreibung: restricted
    Schlagwort(e): User Interfaces ; Human Computer Interaction ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: book
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  • 38
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    Effects of rheology, composition and surface erosion during collision of India and Eurasia (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-12695, 2013
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 39
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    Diffusive processes and Earth’s magnetic field changes (2013)
    In:  12th IAGA Scientific Assembly (Merida, Mexico 2013)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 40
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    Coupling R and PHREEQC: Efficient Programming of Geochemical Models (2013)
    In:  Energy Procedia
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: We present a new interface between the geochemical simulator PHREEQC and the open source language R. It represents a tool to flexibly and efficiently program and automate every aspect of geochemical modelling. The interface helps particularly to setup and run large numbers of simulations and visualise the results. Also profiting of numberless high-quality R extension packages, performing sensitivity analysis or Monte Carlo simulations becomes straightforward. Further, an algorithm to speedup reactive transport simulations starting from homogeneous or zone- homogeneous state is programmed and successfully evaluated through the interface. It proved effective and could therefore be included in any reactive transport simulator.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Hydrochemical water evolution in the Aral Sea Basin Part II: Confined groundwater of the Amu Darya Delta – evolution from the headwaters to the delta and SiO2 geothermometry (2013)
    In:  Journal of Hydrology
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: We studied 40 artesian wells (AWs) in the Amu Darya Delta. These wells include high-salinity (∼ 52 g/l) and saline (5 – 24 g/l) waters but are mostly low-salinity waters (1.3 – 2.9 g/l). The low-salinity AWs cluster into three types, reflecting the variable mixing of different end-member solutes: (residual) brines and solutes deriving from silicate alteration, dissolution of limestone and dissolution of gypsum. The solutes are all undersaturated in calcite and gypsum, contain a substantial cation excess against dissolved inorganic carbon and are characterised by low Ca/SO4 ratios. On the basis of the hydrochemical mass budgets of model cases, we demonstrate that Na-rich Cl-brines (45-48%) and a Na2SO4-brine (30-47%) are the dominant solute components. The solutes derived from aluminium silicate alteration are minor components (7.3 – 19.4%). Even less important are solutes from limestone or gypsum dissolution (0.05 – 3.7%). These waters are unlikely to have originated from sediments hosting gypsum. The low-salinity AWs must have acquired their dominant hydrochemical signatures under non-equilibrium conditions between their remote (unknown) seepage areas and their discharge locations. This acquisition may have begun during the early hydrochemical groundwater evolution when meteoric or surface water passed the critical zone under an arid climate regime. Warmer saline AWs (∼40°C) hosted in deeper Cretaceous formations contain a high portion of NaCl-rich brine (85%) and some are saturated in gypsum. These waters were derived from fluids rising along faults from pre-Cretaceous strata. The high-salinity and relatively cold AWs discharge close to the retreating Aral Sea south of its western basin. These AWs are suboxic, and Si concentrations are very low. The AW hydrochemical signatures reflect the dissolution of halite and gypsum. We observed positive correlations between temperature, Br, B and Si. The temperature correlation with bromide likely documents the transformation of organically bound Br. The silica concentrations in low-salinity AWs southeast of the Aral Sea (eastern basin) are close to quartz saturation and define a chemical Si-geothermometer.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Salt diapirism driven by differential loading - Some insights from analogue modelling (2013)
    In:  Tectonophysics
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: We applied scaled physical analogue experiments to investigate the early development of salt diapirs induced by differential sedimentary loading in an intra-continental basin realm (e.g. the North German Basin). During the experiments, deformation in a salt-analogue viscous layer was initiated by variations in the thickness of an overlying brittle material and subsequent accumulation of the brittle material further sustained deformation. A 2D optical image correlation system was used to monitor the strain evolution in the salt analogue material. Our models indicate that the formation of salt pillow structures can be achieved by minimum variations in the overburden loading. The increase of differential loading by adding synkinematic layers in the subsided areas causes not only an active piercing of the viscous layer through the brittle overburden but also an additional uplift in the adjacent areas. These elevations, named “secondary structures”, act as origins for a successive generation of diapirs. Consequently, an initial perturbation of the salt–sediment-interface can lead to a lateral propagation temporally shifted diapirs. The linkage between primary and secondary structures is reflected in the synkinematic overburden layers such as overlapping peripheral sinks in the transition zone between two diapirs. These sinks, in turn, are a frequently observable phenomenon around salt structures of the North German basin indicating that “secondary diapirism” is an underestimated process – besides regional tectonic stresses – influencing the evolution of salt structures.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Thermal-hydraulic measurements and modelling of the brine circuit in a geothermal well (2013)
    In:  Environmental Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Al-B substitution in the system albite (NaAlSi3O8) - reedmergnerite (NaBSi3O8) (2013)
    In:  European Journal of Mineralogy
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    ESA Euronews: Gravity's grip on Earth (2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    New minerals in the primary, deep-seated carbonatitic association (2013)
    In:  Mineralogical Magazine - Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Macroseismic reports and intensity assessments for the earthquakes in the Bay of Bothnia area, northern Europe on 15 and 23 June 1882 (2013)
    In:  Report S-57
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Surface Loading (Notes) (2013)
    In:  Lecture Notes from the Summer School of DFG SPP1257 Global Water Cycle | Schriftenreihe Institut für Geodäsie und Geoinformation ; 30
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Source modelling of the M5-6 Emilia-Romagna, Italy, earthquakes (May 20-29, 2012). (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Journal International
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: On 2012 May 20 and 29, two damaging earthquakes with magnitudes Mw 6.1 and 5.9, respectively, struck the Emilia-Romagna region in the sedimentary Po Plain, Northern Italy, causing 26 fatalities, significant damage to historical buildings and substantial impact to the economy of the region. The earthquake sequence included four more aftershocks with Mw ≥ 5.0, all at shallow depths (about 7–9 km), with similar WNW–ESE striking reverse mechanism. The timeline of the sequence suggests significant static stress interaction between the largest events. We perform here a detailed source inversion, first adopting a point source approximation and considering pure double couple and full moment tensor source models. We compare different extended source inversion approaches for the two largest events, and find that the rupture occurred in both cases along a subhorizontal plane, dipping towards SSW. Directivity is well detected for the May 20 main shock, indicating that the rupture propagated unilaterally towards SE. Based on the focal mechanism solution, we further estimate the co-seismic static stress change induced by the May 20 event. By using the rate-and-state model and a Poissonian earthquake occurrence, we infer that the second largest event of May 29 was induced with a probability in the range 0.2–0.4. This suggests that the segment of fault was already prone to rupture. Finally, we estimate peak ground accelerations for the two main events as occurred separately or simultaneously. For the scenario involving hypothetical rupture areas of both main events, we estimate Mw = 6.3 and an increase of ground acceleration by 50 per cent. The approach we propose may help to quantify rapidly which regions are invested by a significant increase of the hazard, bearing the potential for large aftershocks or even a second main shock.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
    Sprache: Englisch
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    The shale gas potential of Tournaisian, Visean, and Namurian black shales in North Germany: baseline parameters in a geological context (2013)
    In:  Environmental Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    The GNSS-based Ground Tracking System (GTS) of GFZ; from GITEWS to PROTECTS and beyond (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-3192, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 52
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    Antarctic ice-mass balance 2002 to 2011: regional re-analysis of GRACE satellite gravimetry measurements with improved estimate of glacial-isostatic adjustment (2013)
    In:  The Cryosphere
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: We present regional-scale mass balances for 25 drainage basins of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) from satellite observations of the Gravity and Climate Experiment (GRACE) for the years 2002–2011. Satellite gravimetry estimates of the AIS mass balance are strongly influenced by mass movement in the Earth interior caused by ice advance and retreat during the last glacial cycle. Here, we develop an improved glacial-isostatic adjustment (GIA) estimate for Antarctica using newly available GPS uplift rates, allowing us to more accurately separate GIA-induced trends in the GRACE gravity fields from those caused by current imbalances of the AIS. Our revised GIA estimate is considerably lower than previous predictions, yielding an (upper) estimate of apparent mass change of 48 ± 18 Gt yr−1. Therefore, our AIS mass balance of −103 ± 23 Gt yr−1 is considerably less negative than previous GRACE estimates. The Northern Antarctic Peninsula and the Amundsen Sea Sector exhibit the largest mass loss (−25 ± 6 Gt yr−1 and −126 ± 11 Gt yr−1, respectively). In contrast, East Antarctica exhibits a slightly positive mass balance (19 ± 16 Gt yr−1), which is, however, mostly the consequence of compensating mass anomalies in Dronning Maud and Enderby Land (positive) and Wilkes and George V Land (negative) due to interannual accumulation variations. In total, 7% of the area constitute more than half of the AIS imbalance (53%), contributing −151 ± 9 Gt yr−1 to global mean sea-level change. Most of this imbalance is caused by long-term ice-dynamic speed up expected to prevail in the future.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    A new clay mineral in phosphorite: trioctahedral analogue of illite (Tal Group, Lesser Himalaya, India) (2013)
    In:  Joint Annual Meeting Deutsche Mineralogische Gesellschaft & Geologische Vereinigung e.V. / Sediment (Tübingen, Germany 2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    On the effect of short-term climate variability on mountain glaciers: insights from a case study (2013)
    In:  Journal of Glaciology
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    TerraSAR-X time-series application to investigate and monitor anthropogenic events: The case studies 'Ketzin' and 'Staufen im Breisgau' (2013)
    In:  5th TerraSAR-X / 4th TanDEM-X Science Team Meeting (Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany 2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Plate boundary evolution in the western-central Mediterranean: From the past to the present (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-8722, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Multi-fracturing in geothermal reservoir and induced seismicity using particle based, discrete element-fracture network model (2013)
    In:  38th Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering (Stanford, USA 2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Anomalous subglacial heat flow in central Greenland induced by the Iceland plume (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 15, EGU2013-10918
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: 3000 m of ice sheet thickness has ensured that central Greenland has kept it geothermal heat flow (GHF) distribution enigmatic. Some few direct ice temperature measurements from deep ice cores reveal a GHF of 50 to 60 mW/m2 in the Summit region and this is noticeably above what would be expected for the underlying Early Proterozoic lithosphere. In addition, indirect estimates from zones of rapid basal melting suggest extreme anomalies 15 to 30 times continental background. Subglacial topography indicates caldera like topographic features in the zones hinting at possible volcanic activity in the past [1], and all of these observations combined hint at an anomalous lithospheric structure. Further supporting this comes from new high-resolution P-wave tomography, which shows a strong thermal anomaly in the lithosphere crossing Greenland from east to west [2]. Rock outcrops at the eastern and western end of this zone indicate significant former magmatic activity, older in the east and younger in the west. Additionally, plate modelling studies suggest that the Greenland plate passed over the mantle plume that is currently under Iceland from late Cretaceous to Neogene times, consistent with the evidence from age of magmatism. Evidence of rapid basal melt revealed by ice penetrating radar along the hypocentre of the putative plume track indicates that it continues to affect the Greenland continental geotherm today. We analyse plume-induced thermal disturbance of the present-day lithosphere and their effects on the central Greenland ice sheet by using a novel evolutionary model of the climate-ice-lithosphere-upper mantle system. Our results indicate that mantle plume-induced erosion of the lithosphere has occurred, explaining caldera-type volcanic structures, the GHF anomaly, and requiring dyke intrusion into the crust during the early Cenozoic. The residual thermo-mechanical effect of the mantle plume has raised deep-sourced heat flow by over 25 mW/m2 since 60 Ma and explains the high basal melting rates of the Greenland ice sheet observed in the study area. [1] Fahnestock, M., Abdalati, W., Joughin, I., Brozena, J., Gogineni, P., 2001. High geothermal heat flow, Basal melt, and the origin of rapid ice flow in central Greenland. Science (New York, N.Y.). 294, 2338–2342. [2] Jakovlev, A.V., Bushenkova, N.A., Koulakov, I.Y., Dobretsov, N.L., 2012. Structure of the upper mantle in the Circum-Arctic region from regional seismic tomography. Russian Geology and Geophysics. 53, 963–971.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    The relationship of thermospheric density anomaly with electron temperature, small-scale FAC, and ion up-flow in the cusp region, as observed by CHAMP and DMSP satellites (2013)
    In:  Annales Geophysicae
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: We present in a statistical study a comparison of thermospheric mass density enhancements (ρrel) with electron temperature (Te), small-scale field-aligned currents (SSFACs), and vertical ion velocity (Vz) at high latitudes around noon magnetic local time (MLT). Satellite data from CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) and DMSP (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program) sampling the Northern Hemisphere during the years 2002–2005 are used. In a first step we investigate the distribution of the measured quantities in a magnetic latitude (MLat) versus MLT frame. All considered variables exhibit prominent peak amplitudes in the cusp region. A superposed epoch analysis was performed to examine causal relationship between the quantities. The occurrence of a thermospheric relative mass density anomaly, ρrel 〉1.2, in the cusp region is defining an event. The location of the density peak is taken as a reference latitude (Δ MLat = 0°). Interestingly, all the considered quantities, SSFACs, Te, and Vz are co-located with the density anomaly. The amplitudes of the peaks exhibit different characters of seasonal variation. The average relative density enhancement of the more prominent density peaks considered in this study amounts to 1.33 during all seasons. As expected, SSFACs are largest in summer with average amplitudes equal to 2.56 μA m−2, decaying to 2.00 μA m−2 in winter. The event related enhancements of Te and Vz are both largest in winter (Δ Te =730 K, Vz =136 m s−1) and smallest in summer (Δ Te = 377 K, Vz = 57 m s−1. Based on the similarity of the seasonal behaviour we suggest a close relationship between these two quantities. A correlation analysis supports a linear relation with a high coefficient greater than or equal to 0.93, irrespective of season. Our preferred explanation is that dayside reconnection fuels Joule heating of the thermosphere causing air upwelling and at the same time heating of the electron gas that pulls up ions along affected flux tubes.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    The geomechanical facies concept - outcrop analogue studies in the western part of the Molasse Basin (2013)
    In:  Sedimentary Basins Jena - Research, Modelling, Exploration (Jena, Germany 2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Spatial variability in river-catchment interaction: Combining radon measurements and slt tracer experiments (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 15, EGU2013-12938, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Evaluation of Geo-processes (2013)
    In:  CLEAN. CO2 Large-Scale Enhanced Gas Recovery in the Altmark Natural Gas Field | Geotechnologien science report ; 19 ; Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Capabilities, limitations and uncertainties of Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (FO-DTS) for hydrological applications (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 15, EGU2013-5775, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Initial stages of humus development (2013)
    In:  Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment | Ecosystem Development ; 4
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Geochemical interactions of Al2O3-based proppants with highly saline geothermal brines at simulated in situ temperature conditions. (2013)
    In:  Geothermics
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Tectonic implications of fluvial incision and pediment deformation at the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau based on multiple cosmogenic nuclides (2013)
    In:  Tectonics
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: We document Quaternary fluvial incision driven by fault-controlled surface deformation in the inverted intermontane Gökırmak Basin in the Central Pontide mountains along the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau. In-situ-produced 10Be, 21Ne, and 36Cl concentrations from gravel-covered fluvial terraces and pediment surfaces along the trunk stream of the basin (the Gökırmak River) yield model exposure ages ranging from 7 ± 1 ka to 346 ± 45 ka and average fluvial incision rates over the past ~350 ka of 0.28 ± 0.01 mm a-1. Similarities between river incision rates and coastal uplift rates at the Black Sea coast suggest that regional uplift is responsible for the river incision. Model exposure ages of deformed pediment surfaces along tributaries of the trunk stream range from 60 ± 5 ka to 110 ± 10 ka, demonstrating that the thrust faults responsible for pediment deformation were active after those times and were likely active earlier as well as explaining the topographic relief of the region. Together, our data demonstrate cumulative incision that is linked to active internal shortening and uplift of ~0.3 mm a-1 in the Central Pontide orogenic wedge, which may ultimately contribute to the lateral growth of the northern Anatolian Plateau.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Conditions of magma crystallization in the Henties Bay-Outjo dyke swarm, Namibia: Implications for the feeder system of continental flood basalts (2013)
    In:  Lithos
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Late glacial explosive activity on Mount Etna: Implications for proximal-distal tephra correlations and the synchronisation of Mediterranean archives (2013)
    In:  Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Plinian and Ignimbrite deposits represent explosive activity (ca. 17-19 cal ka) within the predominantly effusive and mildly explosive (Strombolian) volcanic history of Mount Etna (Italy). Proximal glasses from the Biancavilla Ignimbrites and Unit D Plinian fall deposits are characterised. Fall deposits recorded at Acireale (D1b and D2b) and Giarre (D1a and D2a) are geochemically distinct confirming they relate to different eruptions. The Acireale Plinian fall (D1b and D2b) deposits compositionally overlap with the Biancavilla Ignimbrite deposits. These explosive eruptions from Etna are considered responsible for widespread ash dispersals throughout the central Mediterranean region, producing the marker tephra layers (Y-1/Et-1) recorded in marine and lacustrine sedimentary archives. Stratigraphically these distal tephras occur at or close to the onset of the last deglaciation (Termination 1) within their respective palaeoenvironmental records, therefore making them potentially crucial tephrostratigraphic markers. This study investigates distal tephra deposits thought to be from Etna recorded in the Ionian Sea (Y-1), Lago Grande di Monticchio (LGdM, Italy; tephras TM-11 and TM-12-1), Lago di Mezzano (Italy) and the Haua Fteah cave (Libya). The glass chemistry of Y-1 tephras recorded in the Ionian Sea and at Haua Fteah are consistent with the Biancavilla Ignimbrites (16,965-17,670 cal yrs BP) and the upper Acireale Plinian fall (D2b). The LGdM record indicates that explosive activity on Etna associated with Unit D spans a minimum of 1540 ± 80 varve years. TM-12-1 (19,200-19,804 cal yrs BP) in LGdM appears to represent the oldest distal counterpart of Etna Unit D explosive activity and is associated with the lower Acireale (D1b) Plinian eruption. The proximally undefined TM-11 (17,640-18,324 cal yrs BP) and distal correlatives are geochemically distinct from the Ionian Sea Y-1 tephra. Such significant compositional differences seen between distal tephra layers are not observed within individual proximal units and are likely to indicate that the distal tephras relate to separate eruptive phases. Until proximal relationships can be established, the TM-11 type Y-1 equivalents should be termed TM-11. Great care should be exercised when using these distal ash layers to synchronise sedimentary records during a crucial period of environmental change.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Evaluation of remotely sensed snow cover product in Central Asia (2013)
    In:  Hydrology Research
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Crustal volatile release at Merapi volcano; the 2006 earthquake and eruption events (2013)
    In:  Geology Today
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    TanDEM-X (2013)
    In:  Distributed Space Mission for Earth System Monitoring | Space Technology Library ; 31
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 72
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    Wellbore Cement Integrity Evaluation Using Fibre Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (2013)
    In:  9th International Geothermal Conference IGC-2013 (Freiburg, Germany 2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 73
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    The big fat LARS - a LArge Reservoir Simulator for hydrate formation and gas production (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-2055, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 74
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    Coalescence microseismic mapping (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Journal International
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Earthquakes are commonly located by linearized inversion of discrete arrival time picks made from signals recorded at a network of seismic stations. If mis-picks are made, these will contribute to the location, therefore causing potential bias. For data recorded by a dense seismic array, direct imaging methods can be applied instead. We describe the ‘coalescence microseismic mapping’ method, which is a bridge between the two approaches and will operate with seismic data recorded continuously on a sparse array. By continuously mapping scalar signals derived from the envelope of seismic arrivals we derive robust estimates of the spatiotemporal coordinates of the origins of seismic events. Noisy data are migrated away from the correct origin, so do not contribute to errors in location. The method is rooted in a Bayesian formulation of event location traveltime inversion, allows imaging of source locations and has the capacity to handle errors in modelled traveltimes. It has the advantage of working with any 3-D velocity model, which thereforemay include anisotropy. It also automatically incorporates both P- and S-wave data. A multiresolution grid search leads to an efficient implementation, with a search over a larger domain including joint inversion for location and velocity structure possible where warranted by the data quality. We discuss the theory and implementation of this method and illustrate it with real data from microseismic events in Iceland caused by melt intrusion in the crust.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 75
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    Fault reactivation and ground uplift assessment at a prospective German CO2 storage site (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-6079, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: The geological storage of CO2 in deep saline aquifers is seen as a promising measure for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. However, generally large-scale pressure build-up as a result of CO2 injection may impact the mechanical behaviour of reservoir, caprock and existing faults. Caprock fracturing, ground uplift, reactivation of faults or induced seismicity are inherent risks that may pose potential health, security and environmental hazards.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 76
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    The mass distribution of coarse particulate organic matter exported from an Alpine headwater stream (2013)
    In:  Earth Surface Dynamics
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 77
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    A dynamic flow simulation code benchmark study addressing the highly heterogeneous properties of the Stuttgart formation at the Ketzin pilot site (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-6034-1, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 78
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    Constraints on Cenozoic tectonics in the southwestren Longmen Shan from low-temperature thermochronology, (2013)
    In:  Lithosphere
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 79
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    Holocene mega-droughts in central India - Long-term climate variability and the possible influences of ENSO activity (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 15, EGU2013-4387, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 80
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    Quantifying depositional processes in sediment archives using end-member modelling of grain size data (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 15, EGU2013-976-3, 2013
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 81
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    Multi-variate flood damage assessment: a tree-based data-mining approach (2013)
    In:  Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 82
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    Mantle Plumes and Hotspots (2013)
    In:  Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 83
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    A 7000 yr runoff chronology from varved sediments of Lake Mondsee (Upper Austria) (2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Digitales Erbe : wie wissenschaftlicher Projektliteratur zu digitaler Permanenz verholfen wird. Posterpräsentation im Rahmen des 5. Kongresses Bibliothek & Information Deutschland, vom 11.-14. März 2013 im Congress Center Leipzig (2013)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Wissenschaftliche Projekte produzieren große Mengen an Literatur in Form von Artikeln, Büchern, Buchkapiteln, Dissertationen, Diplomarbeiten. Mitunter ist das Sammeln, Auswerten, Analysieren und Anreichern mit neuen Erkenntnissen von Literatur selbst Teil des Projektauftrags. Nach Abschluss des Projekts versinken diese mit großem Aufwand zusammengetragenen wertvollen fachspezifischen Literatursammlungen häufig und geraten, etwa nach Abschalten der entsprechenden Projektwebseiten, aufgrund mangelnder technischer Ausstattung oder veralteter Datenformate, in Vergessenheit und werden somit interessierten Nachnutzern vorenthalten. Die Bibliothekssuchmaschine ALBERT, ein gemeinsames Produkt des KOBV und der Bibliothek des Wissenschaftsparks Albert Einstein, greift diesen Malus auf und macht Sammlungen von Projektliteratur dauerhaft und normiert verfügbar. So werden abgeschlossene oder auch laufende Projekte per Export in ALBERT integriert und als eigene Kollektion dargestellt. Darüber hinaus bietet ALBERT die Möglichkeit, eine eigene permanente Landing Page zu erstellen, die neben generellen Informationen zum Projekt auch als Quereinstieg für Google und Konsorten dient, wodurch ein weitaus höherer Verbreitungsgrad erzeugt wird. Der meist leicht zu realisierende XML-Export beugt zudem veralteten Datenformaten vor. Der Zugang zur Projektliteratur selbst wird dadurch wesentlich erleichtert und verstetigt. So wird offen zugängliche Literatur im Volltext indexiert und direkt über ALBERT angeboten. Andere Inhalte, die lizensiert sind oder deren Urheberschaft unklar ist, werden in der Bibliothek als gedruckte Kopie vorgehalten und können so eingesehen werden. Aus der Vielfalt der sonstigen erschlossenen Quellen sowie der angebotenen Services in ALBERT kann in Verbindung mit institutsassoziierten Projekten so ein sehr umfassendes und einzigartiges Fachportal entstehen, das sonst verstreute Kollektionen gewinnbringend zusammenführt und vor der digitalen Amnesie bewahrt.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    High-Rate coseismic displacements from tightly integrated processing of raw GPS and accelerometer data (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Journal International
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 86
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    Characterising east Antarctic lithosphere and its rift systems using gravity inversion (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 15, EGU2013-8095
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Since the International Geophysical Year (1957), a view has prevailed that East Antarctica has a relatively homogeneous lithospheric structure, consisting of a craton-like mosaic of Precambrian terranes, stable since the Pan-African orogeny 500 million years ago (e.g. Ferracioli et al. 2011). Recent recognition of a continental-scale rift system cutting the East Antarctic interior has crystallised an alternative view of much more recent geological activity with important implications. The newly defined East Antarctic Rift System (EARS) (Ferraccioli et al. 2011) appears to extend from at least the South Pole to the continental margin at the Lambert Rift, a distance of 2500 km. This is comparable in scale to the well-studied East African rift system. New analysis of RadarSat data by Golynsky & Golynsky (2009) indicates that further rift zones may form widely distributed extension zones within the continent. A pilot study (Vaughan et al. 2012), using a newly developed gravity inversion technique (Chappell & Kusznir 2008) with existing public domain satellite data, shows distinct crustal thickness provinces with overall high average thickness separated by thinner, possibly rifted, crust. Understanding the nature of crustal thickness in East Antarctica is critical because: 1) this is poorly known along the ocean–continent transition, but is necessary to improve the plate reconstruction fit between Antarctica, Australia and India in Gondwana, which will also better define how and when these continents separated; 2) lateral variation in crustal thickness can be used to test supercontinent reconstructions and assess the effects of crystalline basement architecture and mechanical properties on rifting; 3) rift zone trajectories through East Antarctica will define the geometry of zones of crustal and lithospheric thinning at plate-scale; 4) it is not clear why or when the crust of East Antarctica became so thick and elevated, but knowing this can be used to test models of Cenozoic ice sheet formation and stability. References Chappell, A.R. & Kusznir, N.J. 2008. Three-dimensional gravity inversion for Moho depth at rifted continental margins incorporating a lithosphere thermal gravity anomaly correction. Geophysical Journal International, 174 (1), 1–13. Ferraccioli, F., Finn, C.A., Jordan, T.A., Bell, R.E., Anderson, L.M. & Damaske, D. 2011. East Antarctic rifting triggers uplift of the Gamburtsev Mountains Nature, 479, 388–392. Golynsky, A.V. & Golynsky, D.A. 2009. Rifts in the tectonic structure of East Antarctica (in Russian). Russian Earth Science Research in Antarctica, 2, 132–162. Vaughan, A.P.M., Kusznir, N.J., Ferraccioli, F. & Jordan, T.A.R.M. 2012. Regional heat-[U+FB02]ow prediction for Antarctica using gravity inversion mapping of crustal thickness and lithosphere thinning. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 14, EGU2012–8095.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Reevaluation of siderophile element abundances and ratios across the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary: Implications for the nature of the projectile (2013)
    In:  Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 88
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    WDMAM version 2: a new global magnetic anomaly map over the oceans (2013)
    In:  12th IAGA Scientific Assembly (Merida, Mexico 2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 89
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    Geologische Speicherung von Kohlendioxid (CO2) : Kommunikation der Chancen und Risiken einer Technologie (2013)
    In:  Fokus Zielgruppe : Wen erreicht Wissenschaftskommunikation? Dokumentation
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 90
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    Range imaging: a new method for high-resolution topographic measurements in small- and medium-scale field sites (2013)
    In:  Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 91
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    New constraints on lithospheric thickness of the Iranian plateau using converted waves (2013)
    In:  Journal of Seismology
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: The study of mantle lithosphere plays a key role to reveal predominant tectonic setting process of a region. The current geological and tectonic setting of Iran is due to the ongoing continental–continental collision of the Arabian and Eurasian plates. We applied a combined P and S receiver function analysis to the teleseismic data of nine permanent broadband seismic stations of the International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology located in different tectonic zones of Iranian plateau. More than 4 years of data were used to estimate the thickness of the crust and mantle lithosphere. According to our results, the crust is 50 km thick beneath the Zagros fold and thrust belt (ZFTB). We found the maximum Moho depth of approximately 70 km under the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone (SSZ) indicating the overthrusting of the crust of Central Iran onto the Zagros crust along the main Zagros thrust (MZT). Below the northeasternmost part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA) and Central Iran, the Moho becomes shallower and lies at 40 km depth. Towards northeast, beneath the Alborz zone, the crust is 55 km thick. Based on S receiver functions, we provided new insights into the thickness of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheres. The location of the boundary between these plates was estimated to be beneath the SSZ, which is slightly shifted northeastward relative to the surficial expression of the MZT. Furthermore, the Arabian plate is characterized by the relatively thick lithosphere of about 130 km beneath the ZFTB reaching 150 km beneath the SSZ, where the thickest crust was also observed. This may imply that the shortening across the Zagros is accommodated by lithospheric thickening. In contrast, UDMA and Central Iran are recognized by the thin lithosphere of about 80– 85 km. This thin lithosphere may be associated with the asthenospheric upwelling caused by either lithospheric delamination or Neo-Tethys slab detachment beneath the Zagros collision zone.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    The H2STORE Project: Hydrogen Underground Storage - A Feasible Way in Storing Electrical Power in Geological Media? (2013)
    In:  Clean Energy Systems in the Subsurface: Production, Storage and Conversion ; Proceedings of the 3rd Sino-German Conference 'Underground Storage of CO2 and Energy', Goslar, Germany, 21-23 May 2013 | Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: The large scale storage of energy is a great challenge arising from the planned transition from nuclear and CO2-emitting power generation to renewable energy production, by e.g. wind, solar, and biomass in Germany. The most promising option for storing large volumes of excess energy produced by such renewable sources is the usage of underground porous rock formations as energy reservoirs. Some new technologies are able to convert large amounts of electrical energy into a chemical form, for example into hydrogen by means of water electrolysis. Porous formations can potentially provide very high hydrogen storage capacities. Several methods have to be studied including high hydrogen diffusivity, the potential reactions of injected hydrogen, formation fluids, rock composition, and the storage complex. Therefore, in August 2012 the collaborative project H2STORE ("hydrogen to store") started to investigate the feasibility of using burial clastic sediments of depleted gas reservoirs as well as recently used gas storage sites as potential hydrogen storage media. In Germany, such geological structures occur at various geographic sites and different geological strata. These deposits are characterized by different geological-tectonic evolution and mineralogical composition, mainly depending on palaeogeographic position and diagenetic burial evolution. Resulting specific sedimentary structures and mineral parageneses will strongly control formation fluid pathways and associated fluid-rock/mineral reactions. Accordingly, H2STORE will analyze sedimentological, petrophysical, mineralogical/geochemical, hydrochemical, and microbiological features of the different geological strata and the German locations to evaluate potential fluid-rock reactions induced by hydrogen injection. Such potential reactions will be experimentally induced in laboratory runs, as analogues for naturally occurring processes in deep seated reservoirs. Finally, rock data determined before and after these experiments will be used as major input parameters for numerical modelling of mineralogical and microbiological reactions. Such reactions are expected to have a strong affect on rock porosity-permeability evolution and therefore the characteristics of flow processes in reservoir and the barrier properties of sealing rocks. The special topic of this study will be the modelling of hydrogen propagation in the subsurface reservoir formation supplemented by its mixing with the residual gases as well as the simulation of coupled bio-dynamic processes and of reactive transport in porous media. These numerical simulations will enable the transfer of experimental results from the laboratory runs to the field-scale and the formulation of the requirements for hydrogen storage in converted gas fields. Thus, the major objectives of H2STORE are to obtain fundamental data on the behaviour of clastic sediments in the presence of formation fluids and injected hydrogen, its impact on petrophysical features and the development of the most realistic modelling for proposed and experimentally induced rock alteration as well as complex gas mixing processes in potential geological hydrogen reservoirs. Moreover these results will be used when discussing the possibility of "green" eco-methane generation by hydrogen and carbon dioxide interaction in the geological underground.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Numerical Simulation of Pore Size Dependent Anhydrite Precipitation in Geothermal Reservoirs (2013)
    In:  Energy Procedia
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Porosity and permeability of reservoirs are key parameters for an economical use of hydrogeothermal energy. Both may be significantly reduced by precipitation of minerals. The Allermöhe borehole near Hamburg (Germany) represents a case in which precipitation of anhydrite resulted in a failed reservoir development. We introduce a new numerical approach for better understanding of this, considering both the spatial variations of supersaturation on the pore scale and the pore space structure. Besides pore size this requires consideration of the effects of surface charge density on the fluid supersaturation in porous media and of the role of fluid flow velocity.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    The impact of pure and impure CO2 on carbonate reactivity (2013)
    In:  7th Trondheim CCS Conference (TCCS-7) (Trondheim, Norway 2013)
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: In order to characterize the chemical reactivity and hence the mineralogical CO2 sequestration potential of carbonate minerals, laboratory fluidsiderite/ankerite CO2 exposure experiments have been performed. Experiments were conducted on a hydrothermal rocking autoclave system equipped with flexible Titanium cells allowing for isobaric and isothermal fluid sampling. Crushed siderite/ankerite separates have grain sizes between 100 and 200 μm. The minerals were reacted together with pure CO2 and 2 M NaCl brine at 80 °C and 20 or 30 MPa, respectively; run durations were one week. Approximately 120 ml NaCl brine and 5.5 g of powdered carbonate separate were filled into the Titanium cells to yield a brine to mineral weightratio of 20 to 1. Experiments were supersaturated with CO2 during entire run durations. Successive fluid samples were taken after several different time steps to determine time dependent dissolution behavior. Solid samples were recovered upon completion of each run and analyzed by XRD as well as SEM. Fluid sample compositions were determined by ICPAES.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Combination of modeled short-term angular momentum function forecasts from atmosphere, ocean, and hydrology with 90-day EOP predictions (2013)
    In:  Journal of Geodesy
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Angular momentum forecasts for up to 10 days into the future, modeled from predicted states of the atmosphere, ocean and continental hydrosphere, are combined with the operational IERS EOP prediction bulletin A to reduce the prediction error in the very first day and to improve the subsequent 90-day prediction by exploitation of the revised initial state and trend information. EAM functions derived from ECMWF short-range forecasts and corresponding LSDM and OMCT simulations can account for high-frequency mass variations within the geophysical fluids for up to 7 days into the future primarily limited by the accuracy of the forecasted atmospheric wind fields. Including these wide-band stochastic signals into the first days of the 90-day statistical IERS predictions reduces the mean absolute prediction error even for predictions beyond day 10, especially for polar motion, where the presently used prediction approach does not include geophysical fluids data directly. In a hindcast experiment using 1 year of daily predictions from May 2011 till July 2012, the mean prediction error in polar motion, compared to bulletin A, is reduced by 32, 12, and 3 % for prediction days 10, 30, and 90, respectively. In average, the prediction error for medium-range forecasts (30–90 days) is reduced by 1.3–1.7 mas. Even for UT1-UTC, where AAM forecasts are already included in IERS bulletin A, we obtain slight improvements of up to 5 % (up to 0.5 ms) after day 10 due to the additional consideration of oceanic angular momentum forecasts. The improved 90-day predictions can be generated operationally on a daily basis directly after the publication of the related IERS bulletin A product finals2000A.daily.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    High-latitude thermospheric density and wind dependence on solar and magnetic activity (2013)
    In:  Climate And Weather of the Sun-Earth System (CAWSES): Highlights from a priority program
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    FTIR spectroscopic study of natural andalusite showing electronic Fe-Ti charge-transfer processes: zoning and thermal evolution of OH-vibration bands (2013)
    In:  Physics and Chemistry of Minerals
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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    Depth sensitivity of seismic coda waves to velocity perturbations in an elastic heterogeneous medium (2013)
    In:  Geophysical Journal International
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12
    Beschreibung: Numerous monitoring applications make use of seismic coda waves to evaluate velocity changes in the Earth. This raises the question of the spatial sensitivity of coda wave-based measurements. Here, we investigate the depth sensitivity of coda waves to local velocity perturbations using 2-D numerical wavefield simulations. We calculate the impulse response at the surface before and after a slight perturbation of the velocity within a thin layer at depth is introduced. We perform a parametric analysis of the observed apparent relative velocity changes, εobs, versus the depth of the thin perturbed layer. Through the analysis of the decay of εobs, we can discriminate two different regimes: one for a shallow perturbation and the other for a deep perturbation. We interpret the first regime as the footprint of the 1-D depth sensitivity of the fundamental surface wave mode. To interpret the second regime, we need to model the sensitivity of the multiply scattered body waves in the bulk. We show that the depth sensitivity of coda waves can be modelled as a combination of bulk wave sensitivity and surface wave sensitivity. The transition between these two regimes is governed by mode conversions due to scattering. We indicate the importance of surface waves for the sensitivity of coda waves at shallow depths and at early times in the coda. At later times, bulk waves clearly dominate the depth sensitivity and offer the possibility of monitoring changes at depths below the sensitivity of the surface waves. Based on the transition between the two regimes, we can discriminate a change that occurs at the surface from a change that occurs at depth. This is illustrated for shallow depth perturbations through an example from lunar data.
    Schlagwort(e): 550 - Earth sciences
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