ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (5,220)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (5,220)
  • 1985  (5,220)
Collection
Years
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (5,220)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 827-829 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple method of producing a relatively large volume of metal vapor for laser-plasma interaction studies is described. The method uses the explosive removal of a thin metal film from a glass substrate with a low-intensity laser pulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 819-821 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We solve the Poisson–Vlasov equations for volume-produced ions, fast neutrals, and backstreaming electrons in a Mirror Fusion Test Facility 80-keV preprototype neutral beam source. Neutral pressure distributions are estimated from known gas feed rates and calculated accelerator column conductance, and are calibrated by comparing measured and calculated electron backstreaming power (computed by solving another Vlasov equation). The depletion of atomic yield from these volume processes is computed for sources in which the atomic yield is 100% in the extraction region. The energy distribution of neutrals and ions is also established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 531-536 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Luminescence of Si-implanted InP after rapid lamp annealing was studied. It was found that the intensity and energy of band-to-band room-temperature luminescence were good indicators of the quality of annealing and activation of Si donors. Shallow and deep level spectral features characteristic of Si implantation and good annealing were observed in the low-temperature spectra. It was found that the best results could be obtained only in the case of hot implantation and lamp annealing in regimes close to the melting point of the InP, whereas room-temperature implantation and oven annealing were much less effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 537-544 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental studies and numerical analyses are carried out to optimize A1GaAs-GaAs heteroface solar cell structures. Carrier removal rate and damage constant for diffusion length in n-GaAs due to 1-MeV electron irradiation are found to be larger than those in p-GaAs. These results are explained by taking into account deep-level traps associated with radiation-induced defects. Numerical analysis shows that n++-n+-p heteroface cell structure is relatively radiation resistant in a shallow junction solar cell (below 0.2 μm) with a substrate carrier concentration above 3×1015cm−3. In the p++-p+-n heteroface solar cell, optimum junction depth and substrate carrier concentration are 0.2–0.3 μm and 2–5×1015 cm−3, while those in the n++-n+-p heteroface solar cell are less than 0.1 μm and 3–10×1015 cm−3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 554-558 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The application of microampere level corona generated currents at elevated temperatures in an argon atmosphere was found to indicate a rapid segregation of dissolved Au impurities out of the bulk of intentionally Au-doped silicon wafers into the near surface regions on both sides of the wafers. Complete removal of the Au occurred in less than 15 min with a current of 5 μA at 900 °C. A "kick-out'' mechanism due to the generation of Si interstitials is considered as a possible explanation for these results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 545-553 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The thermal stability behavior of the metallic glasses a-Zr2Pd and a-Zr3Rh was studied by means of x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and isothermal annealing. While several a-Zr2Pd alloys each exhibit two exothermic peaks during the DSC heating sequence, three different types of exothermic behavior have been observed for a-Zr3Rh alloys with nominally identical stoichiometries. These variations in DSC behavior are probably related to different conditions during the rapid quenching procedures. The three types of differential scanning calorimeter behavior shown by a-Zr3Rh alloys include (1) two peaks of about 715 K and 790 K, (2) a single large peak at about 730 K, and (3) a strong peak at about 725 K with a much weaker peak at about 850 K. The a-Zr3Rh alloys of type (1) crystallize to form a tetragonal lattice that is a newly identified Zr3Rh phase of the D0e structure type. The a-Zr3Rh alloys of types (2) and (3) crystallize first to form a face-centered cubic lattice which appears to be an E93-type structure. Both the D0e and E93 phases are metastable and ultimately anneal to the Zr2Rh phase with the tetragonal C16-type structure. The formation of the Zr2Rh phases with either the C16 or E93 structure is accompanied by α-Zr. The a-Zr2Pd alloys undergo a two-step crystallization with the initial formation of a disordered body-centered-cubic phase followed by the tetragonal Zr2Pd phase with the C11b-type structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 559-563 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The line tension concept is used to generalize the classical theory of heterogeneous nucleation. The theory is applied to study the impingement flux-temperature diagram of nucleation. The epitaxial nucleation zone at the diagram can be drastically modified depending on the sign of the line tension. Line tension also gives place to a new zone of no nucleation due to spreading effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5271-5274 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Short series approximations based on the classical series expansions of the Fermi-Dirac integrals Fj(x) are presented for the orders −1/2, 1/2, 1, 3/2, 2, 5/2, 3, and 7/2. The approximations are accurate to better than 1 part in 105 over the range − ∞ 〈x〈 ∞ .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5275-5278 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the introduction of deep energy levels into silicon following a hydrogen plasma anneal at 300 °C for 3 h. The wafers were heat treated prior to the hydrogen anneal to cause oxygen to precipitate using a three-cycle high-low-high anneal. The deep level impurity concentrations generally exhibited a decreasing density into the wafer, indicative of damage originating from the surface. These findings are in contrast to other reported hydrogen plasma anneal results which generally show a reduction of deep level concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5287-5289 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Constant capacitance deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements are performed on molecular beam epitaxially grown GaAs layers with net carrier concentrations of 3.3–6.5×1014 cm−3. Four trap levels are detected, three of which are usually detected in molecular beam epitaxial layers, and the fourth, a very shallow trap at 30 meV, has not been previously reported. Determination of the concentrations for this new level dispute the accepted interpretation of Hall measurements near and above room temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5290-5294 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The optical quenching of the photoresponse of GaAs when it is subject to a prolonged 1.15-eV optical excitation is one of the most important properties of the EL2 level in GaAs. Another quenching phenomenon takes place after excitation with photons in the same range, that is the optical quenching of the photoresponse in the near band-edge spectral region. Both quenching effects seem to be strongly correlated with changes in the configuration of the EL2 level, due to variations in the charge state of this level. In this way we can conceive a mechanism where EL2 captures electrostatically shallow levels when it is optically ionized at low temperature. By photoconductivity studies, we have seen that capture of shallow levels is accomplished after EL2 has relaxed to a metastable state EL2* which could be described on the basis of a mechanism similar to that recently proposed by M. Levinson.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5279-5286 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have extended the Kobayashi, Sankey, and Dow [Phys. Rev. B 25, 6367 (1982)] theory of deep levels in Hg1−xCdxTe to include (vacancy, impurity) nearest-neighbor pairs. In qualitative agreement with the results obtained by these workers for isolated point defects, we find that the composition dependences (dE/dx) of the defect energy levels associated with such complexes depend on the site occupied by the impurity atom. Furthermore, we find that the composition dependences of some of the defect levels produced by such a complex are very different than the dE/dx of levels associated with the corresponding isolated point defects. We thus suggest that this theory can often be used as an aid in the identification of the defect center producing an observed energy level. In particular, it can be used to obtain site information about an observed level and, in favorable cases, to distinguish between levels produced by isolated point defects and those produced by complexes. As an example, we compare our theoretical predictions for the dE/dx of levels associated with (vacancy, impurity) pairs to the experimental slopes of the energy levels observed in deep level transient spectroscopy by Jones, Nair, and Polla [Appl. Phys. Lett. 39, 248 (1981)] and find that the theory lends support to these workers' interpretation of their data. In addition, we present new photoluminescence data on both a previously observed and identified acceptor and on an unknown center in Hg1−xCdxTe. As a further example of the usefulness of our theory, we compare the theoretical slopes of energy levels associated with (vacancy, impurity) pairs with the composition dependences of the defect levels extracted from the photoluminescence data. The results of both of the theoretical-experimental comparisons show that the theory can be used successfully, in conjunction with experimental data, to aid in the identification of the defect center which produces an observed energy level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5295-5301 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transient capacitance and photocapacitance techniques have been used to study the characteristics of two electron traps related to Te in GaAs1−xPx: Te. Levels En1 and En2 have thermal activation energies of 0.17 and 0.27 eV, respectively, and their thermal electron emission and capture rates deviate markedly from Schockley–Read–Hall theory for near band gap crossover compositions. Such centers are found for 0.3〈x≤1, are linked to the X conduction band minima, and their photoionization thresholds are 0.5 and 1 eV, respectively. Trap concentrations have been studied as a function of Te doping level, Zn diffusion temperature, and N content (x〉0.4) in GaAsP LEDs. It is suggested that both defects belong to the DX type, and they have been described by a large lattice relaxation model. Franck–Condon energies of 0.3 and 0.95 eV have been determined, respectively. The properties of present Te-related defects are quite similar to donor related centers in AlxGa1−xAs, including the nonexponential capacitance transients found in near x∼0.4 compositions. It is important to mention that both centers have very large hole capture coefficients (σp〉10−14 cm2) and behave as efficient recombination centers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5302-5305 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The concept of electronic doping is used to explain unexpectedly large values of the diode quality factor (exceeding two) and supralinearity which is sometimes observed in amorphous silicon p-i-n-type diodes and materials, respectively. This suggests the presence of an extra set of defect states in lightly boron-doped films with a capture rate for electrons which is much larger than that of the inherent defect states. We also report that for high-quality undoped intrinsic layers, the photoconductivity versus intensity behavior exhibits sublinear power dependence which increases with intensity in distinct contrast to the previously reported results. We provide a self-consistent model which is able to explain the above observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5306-5312 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A glow-discharge hydrogenated amorphous silicon/insulator heterostructure has been characterized by a range of measurements including optical absorption, temperature dependence of photo- and dark conductivity, internal photoemission, xerographic discharge, and spectral dependence of photoconductivity. Efficient injection of dark and photocarriers from amorphous hydrogenated silicon into, and transport through, relatively thick SiOx:N:H has been achieved. Unlike the conventional thermal oxide on Si, no significant energy barrier to injection is found in the plasma-deposited heterostructure. The use of the structure as a potential xerographic device is demonstrated. A mobility lifetime product as high as 6×10−10 cm2/V and a transport process with an activation energy of ∼0.3 eV is found for electrons in the SiOx:N:H films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5320-5324 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electrical conductivity and ionic transference measurements performed at varying temperatures and partial pressures of oxygen show that CALGAR (Ca3Al2Ge3O12), a luminescent garnet, is a mixed ionic-electronic conductor. An activation energy of 1 eV for ionic diffusion is measured. An absorption band at 400 nm, whose magnitude can be controlled by varying the annealing atmosphere, is attributed to an O− center.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5313-5319 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: More accurate expressions for the evaluations of the trap depth E and the capture cross section S related to the thermally stimulated current process are developed. The different T−1, T−2, T−3, and T−4 dependencies of S on the temperature T have been considered for the slow retrapping case. In the fast retrapping case, the energy E and the product τNT have been expressed independently, where τ is the lifetime of the free electron and NT the total trap density. The calculations depend on the temperatures Tm and T1 that correspond to the peak and the half-height of the current, respectively. A new experimental method providing the determination of Tm and T1 with high precision has been developed that allows extensive experimental examination of thermally stimulated current curves in high-resistivity CdTe crystals. Application to defect parameters of fourteen levels in CdTe has been carried out in the slow and fast retrapping limits. In the slow retrapping case, the results differ from those obtained by the widely used Grossweiner formula. For the fast retrapping limit the values of E corresponding to different sets of Tm and T1 are calculated independently of τNT. This again has not been the case published by the different authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5325-5329 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Optical properties and the photovoltaic effect in Pb2CrO5 thin films, which are prepared by an electron-beam evaporation technique, are investigated. From the main peaks of the x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, which depend on the preparation condition, thin films are classified into three types: (1) (020), (2) (310), and (3) (200). The sample with a (310) main reflection has a similar XRD profile to that of the bulk material. A device to measure the photovoltiac response in the thin films has one pair of semitransparent Au electrodes on the same surface. All the Pb2CrO5 thin films had a photovoltaic response. The (310) sample shows the largest photosensitivity. In this sample the saturation photovoltage is 1.16 V at a light intensity of 23.25 mW/cm2. The absorption constant (α) of thin films in the visible region ranges between 4×103 and 1×105 cm−1. A band-gap energy of 2.3–2.4 eV is obtained from both plots of α2 and photovoltage as a function of photon energy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5330-5335 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Theoretical and experimental results describing the dependence of the Seebeck and Peltier coefficients on the composition of Ga1−xAlxAs solid solution are given. The Seebeck coefficient for nondegenerately doped n- and p-type Ga1−xAlxAs is given by the simple expressions αn=(k/e)(lnNc/n+2) and αp=−(k/e)(lnNv/p+2), respectively. The dependence of α on the composition of Ga1−xAlxAs solid solutions is linear for p type and nonlinear for n type. This relation is dependent on the type of carrier that is involved in the conduction process, as well as the detailed band structure of the material. For p-type material, two kinds of carriers are involved: heavy and light holes; for n-type material, three kinds of carriers are involved: one direct electron and two indirect electrons. The direct electrons are dominant for Al composition of 0〈x〈0.3, and the indirect electron is dominant for composition 0.45〈x〈1. Experimental measurements of the Seebeck coefficient for n- and p-type Ga1−xAlxAs and for AuGe and AuZn resemble the theoretical results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5336-5339 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electron velocity distribution is calculated for an idealized model of the high electron mobility transistor using a many-particle Monte Carlo model and a self-consistent two-dimensional Poisson solver. Hot electron effects, nonstationary effects, and real space transfer are analyzed. The results show that significant velocity overshoot, 2.8×107 cm/s at 300 K and 3.7×107 cm/s at 77 K exists under the gate and that the velocity overshoot is limited by both k-space transfer and real-space transfer. The values of the overshoot velocities are much smaller than those obtained from the more conventional drift-diffusion model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5340-5344 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The band discontinuity has been determined for a GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction prepared by molecular beam epitaxy. The conduction band-discontinuity ΔEc and the valence-band discontinuity ΔEv were independently obtained by the C-V profiling technique, taking into account a correction for the interface charge density. The simulation was employed to confirm the reliability of the obtained band discontinuity. The ΔEc dependence on both the Al composition of the AlGaAs layer and the heterojunction structure (AlGaAs on GaAs, or GaAs on AlGaAs) was examined. We found that ΔEc and ΔEv were determined to be 62 and 38% of the band-gap discontinuity ΔEg, being independent of the structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4856-4860 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Allowed and forbidden transitions of singlet helium from 2s1S to ns1S, np1P, and nd1D states have been measured between n=8 and 31 by optogalvanic spectroscopy in a dc discharge positive column. The addition of neon in the discharge was found to increase the relative intensities of the forbidden transitions. For similar photon flux, the optogalvanic signal reaches a maximum at n=11 and decreases thereafter. Neutral collisional ionization of the excited states from n=13 and above was found to be responsible for the increased ionization efficiency of the high Rydberg states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5089-5092 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: New results which probe the nature of a defect mechanism responsible for pinning the Fermi energy within the band gap on the (110) surfaces of the 3-5 compounds are presented. From these results it is concluded that to first order the Fermi energy pinning position is independent of the fundamental difference between the Sb-GaAs chemical bond and the column 3 metal-GaAs bond. Furthermore, based on the defect mechanism for the Schottky barrier formation proposed by Spicer and Lindau, the present data can be most easily understood if the defect is more complex than a single surface lattice vacancy. Previously, investigations of column 3 metals on both n- and p-type GaAs, by photoemission electron spectroscopy, revealed a systematic difference in surface Fermi energy stabilization in the gap, with p-type samples pinning 0.25 eV below n-type samples. In the present work, it is shown that antimony, a column 5 element, yields essentially the same Schottky barrier height as the column 3 metals when adsorbed on GaAs (110). A strong similarity in the barrier height is also noted when Sb adsorption is compared to Ga adsorption on GaSb (110). The observed tendency for n-type GaSb to pin closer to the valence-band maximum than GaAs is consistent both with the Spicer/Lindau defect mechanism and with the "anion rule'' of McCaldin, McGill, and Mead. These results are important for the theory of Schottky barrier formation and for Schottky barrier device fabrication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5098-5101 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dispersion characteristics of the surface polaritons in the neighborhood of the band gap occurring near the edge of the first Brillouin zone are deduced and used in determining the reflectivity of the surface polaritons incident normally on a small amplitude grating of finite length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5102-5104 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple method is proposed to analyze the current waveform of a pulsed plasma discharge from which the voltage waveform and hence the temporal evolution of the plasma inductance can be deduced. As an example, the application of the method to a typical plasma focus discharge is illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5095-5097 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The pressure deriviatives of the bulk, shear and Young's moduli, and of Poisson's ratio of a number of polycrystalline metals have been calculated using Hill's approximation. The pressure derivatives of the second-order elastic constants of the corresponding single-crystal hexagonal metals have been used for this purpose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4514-4516 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: 2-K photoluminescence was used to determine the amount of nonuniformity present in undoped semi-insulating GaAs bulk substrate materials grown by the liquid-encapsulated Czochralski method. The relative photoluminescence intensities of the intracenter (5T2−5E) transition of the Fe2+ state, the near-band-edge transitions, and the Zn peaks, measured across the wafer diameter, show almost the same "W'' pattern. The deep-center bands at 0.63 and 0.77 eV were also measured. Possible mechanisms of the photoluminescence intensity variation are discussed. In the materials used, a predominant shallow acceptor was observed to be Zn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4507-4513 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The bistable cholesteric twist cell (BCTC) described here is a liquid-crystal device which can be in either of two stable laminar configurations while a particular holding voltage is applied. The major shortcoming of previous implementations of this device was the narrow thickness tolerance required for proper bistable operation. In order to ascertain the effect which material parameters might have on increasing this thickness tolerance an adequate method is needed for characterizing the behavior of the cell. In this paper we describe a wedge cell method for characterizing the behavior of a given BCTC system. The characterization can be conveniently done within a single cell. The data obtained include both the thickness to pitch range for pratical bistable operation and the switching properties. All of these features can be interpreted in terms of static free energy curves calculated for the system. We have also used this wedge cell method to determine the effect of the bend to splay elastic constant ratio on the thickness range of bistable operation in the BCTC. The range is observed to increase with increasing ratio of bend to splay elastic constant. A material has been identified with a bistable thickness range in excess of 10%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4517-4519 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A systematic study of channeling of aluminum in the silicon crystal is reported. Depth distributions measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry are reported for 40-, 75-, and 150-keV aluminum channeled in the 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 directions of silicon. The profile dependence on alignment angle is shown for 150-keV aluminum in the 〈110〉 of silicon. Aluminum has low electronic stopping in silicon and corresponding deep channeled profiles are observed for aligned implants and deep channeling tails are observed on random implants. The maximum channeling range for 150-keV Al in 〈100〉 silicon is about 2.8 μm and is about 6.4 μm in 〈110〉 silicon. Some ions will reach the maximum channeling range even for 2° misalignment. Many of the deep channeling tails and "supertails'' reported in earlier literature can be explained by the normal channeling of aluminum in silicon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4520-4526 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show that the anchoring energy function, i.e., the anisotropic part of the interfacial free energy, at a nematic liquid crystal-wall interface can be determined uniquely without a numerical fitting procedure, when the integrated birefringence of a liquid crystal cell with a thickness much larger than the extrapolation length is measured as a function of an electric or magnetic field well above the Freedericksz threshold. The precision of the present method is closely argued, showing that the resulting anchoring energy function is reasonably insensitive to the uncertainties in the material parameters and in the cell thickness. As an example, the anchoring energy function at the interface between 5CB(pentylcyanobiphenyl) and an obliquely evaporated SiO was determined for the first time, by measuring the birefringence and the capacitance of a 56-μm-thick cell up to 150 V rms at 0.23 °C below the clearing temperature. A saturation of the field-induced distortion was clearly observed at about 100 V rms. The anchoring energy function was found to be well fitted by a function of the form (1)/(2) Ea sin2 θ+ (1)/(4) E1 sin4 θ, where θ is the angle between the boundary director and the substrate, with Ea ∼4.0×10−5 J/m2 and E1∼−1.8×10−5 J/m2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4539-4542 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Expressions for the threshold and saturation voltages are derived for twisted chiral nematic layers with weak boundary coupling and arbitrary elastic constant ratios. A general discussion is given of the stability of the various states which may occur in such layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4533-4538 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The possibility of using x-ray diffuse scattering experiments to investigate the atomic arrangement within the substituted sublattice in III-V solid solutions has been demonstrated. The Icw scattering by static composition waves has been separated from Compton and phonon scattering along the 100 direction in reciprocal space for a thick Ga1−xAlxAs (x=0.32) layer grown by liquid-phase epitaxy. The dependence of Icw on the scattering angle has given a detailed experimental proof that the Ga and Al atoms are distributed in a random way within the cation sublattice. An exception to this behavior, which is related to a slight (13%) increase of Icw at the 100 point, is discussed in the light of the pseudochalcopyrite model for the local bonding in III-V alloys.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4527-4532 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of the supersaturation of self-interstitials and the enhancement of impurity diffusivity in short-time/low-temperature oxidation of silicon is investigated analytically. It is found that, whereas in long-time/high-temperature oxidation the interstitial supersaturation and the diffusivity enhancement decrease with time as t−n (n(approximately-equal-to)0.2–0.3), in short-time low-temperature oxidation they start from zero and increase with time, until some characteristic time determined by the linear-parabolic oxide growth. This characteristic time increases rapidly with the decrease of temperature. This kinetic behavior has not been expected previously, mainly because there is no available data on stacking fault growth and on diffusion enhancement under the short-time/low-temperature condition which has become common in modern IC processings. The more general case of linear-parabolic oxidation and the effect of bulk recombination have also been analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4543-4547 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The six independent elastic constants of a single crystal of tetragonal MgF2 with rutile structure were measured ultrasonically at room temperature from ambient conditions to 10 kbar. The values at 1 bar and 10 kbar are (in 1011 dyn/cm2) C11: 14.081 (1 bar), 14.597 (10 kbar); C12: 9.003 (1 bar), 9.569 (10 kbar); C13: 6.417 (1 bar), 6.543 (10 kbar); C22: 20.490 (1 bar), 21.094 (10 kbar); C44: 5.664 (1 bar), 5.768 (10 kbar); C66: 9.560 (1 bar), 9.964 (10 kbar). CS=(C11−C12)/2 softens with pressure, while C44 shows a weak pressure dependence. Similar behavior has been observed in NiF2, ZnF2, TiO2, and in the distorted rutile crystal TeO2. The reported pressure induced transition from tetragonal MgF2 to distorted fluorite type observed at 250 kbar using x-ray scattering is not anticipated by the softening of CS which would lead to an orthorhombic distortion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4552-4553 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The thermal conductivity of Tl3AsSe3 in the temperature range 1.5–100 K is reported. The measured thermal conductivity can be fitted using defect scattering only due to isotopes and using normal process scattering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4548-4551 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The low-temperature (〈210 °C) crystallographic structure, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability of Mg2NiH4 powders compacted under isostatic pressures of up to 10 kbar were studied. A comparison is made with the corresponding properties of the noncompressed material. It has been concluded that under stress-free hydriding conditions performed below 210 °C, a two-phase hydride mixture is formed. Each of the hydride particles consists of an inner core composed of an hydrogen-deficient monoclinic phase coated by a layer of a stoichiometric orthorhombic phase. The monoclinic phase has a metalliclike electrical conductivity while the orthorhombic phase is insulating. High compaction pressures cause the transformation of the orthorhombic structure into the monoclinic one, thereby resulting in a pressure-induced insulator-to-conductor transition. Reduced decomposition temperatures are obtained for the compressed hydrides. This reduction is attributed to kinetic factors rather than to a reduced thermodynamic stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4572-4577 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The quality of materials grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) is closely related to the surfaces kinetics in which the surface reconstructions, growth temperatures and molecular species play important roles. We present our studies on the MBE growth conditions, surface reconstructions and surface morphologies of A1Sb, GaSb, and InAs grown on (100) GaSb, and of InAsSb and GaInAsSb lattice matched to GaSb using dimers As2 and Sb2 in a wide temperature range of ∼400–650 °C. Certain surface reconstructions for GaSb and InAs which have not been reported in the literature are identified, and the conditions for their existence are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4554-4559 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A mathematical model is constructed to interpret the profiles of radioactive Si tracers during silicide formation. This model assumes that only Si moves in the silicide during silicide formation and that the moving Si diffuses in the Si sublattice of the silicide in terms of vacancy mechanism. Analytical solutions of the model for long-time annealing (i.e., asymptotic profiles) are given. The analytical asymptotic profiles are very accurate for the annealing period generally used in experiments. It is shown that the profiles of the Si tracer in the silicide are almost flat. This thus proves that self-diffusion of the tracer atoms cannot be neglected as assumed in some published papers. In fact, several experimental tracer profiles are found to be flat in the silicide. Some numerical solutions for short-time annealing are also given to show how the tracer profile evolves. The result given here can also be used for many intermetallic reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4566-4571 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements have been used as a probe to provide information on the structure of a hydrogenated amorphous silicon based n-i two-layer system. The n-i structure is prepared under the same conditions as an a-Si:H p-i-n cell with a thin (∼150 A(ring)) n layer deposited in a glow discharge from a mixture of SiF4, SiH4, H2, and PH3 on top of intrinsic a-Si:H. An effective medium approximation and a linear regression analysis have been used to determine the bulk microstructure of the thick (0.3 μm) n layer on quartz as a mixture of volume fractions of a-Si (0.74±0.01), c-Si (0.09±0.02), and void (0.17±0.03). When applied to the thin n layer in the solar-cell configuration, however, the corresponding analysis shows evidence of a 100-A(ring) overlayer of very low density a-Si, not observed on the thicker n-type material, which dominates the dielectric properties of the thin layer. These results are suggestive of nucleation and growth surface microstructure on the 150-A(ring) n layer and lead to the conclusion that, in the fabrication of high-performance a-Si:H based devices using thin layers, such structure must be minimized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4560-4565 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Uniform and epitaxial NiSi2 layers were obtained by consecutive irradiation of a Ni thin layer deposited onto Si with Nd-glass laser irradiation, 30-ns pulse duration, using up to 15 shots. The best quality epitaxial NiSi2 layer, for a 50-nm-thick Ni layer deposited on Si(111), was obtained with 10 shots of 1.3 J/cm2 energy density. The normalized minimum yield of the Ni signal amounted to 25%. The stability of the formed compound was investigated by furnace annealing in the 300–800 °C temperature range. After annealing at 300 °C-1 h backscattering and channeling analysis indicated a worsening of the epitaxial quality of the compound. X-ray diffraction patterns showed the presence of the NiSi silicide in addition to the NiSi2 silicide. At 500 °C-1 h annealing the reaction occurred over long distance and a large amount of NiSi was formed at the expense of the NiSi2 and the unreacted Ni. At 800 °C the epitaxial quality of the NiSi2 improved and the Ni minimum yield reached 10%. The NiSi2 was the only silicide present after irradiation and 800 °C-1 h annealing. Channeling analysis established also that the NiSi2 was b type: i.e., the silicide layer was rotated 180° about the surface normal 〈111〉 axis of the Si substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4583-4588 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have evaluated the two-dimensional atomic pair correlation function for surfaces containing finite layers of adsorbed atoms and having a random distribution of steps. The step probabilities for the two lateral directions are mutually dependent. We employ a third-rank tensor formalism to describe the two-dimensional array of occupation probability vectors from which we derive the pair correlation function. The two-dimensional electron diffraction angular profile is obtained from this pair correlation function. We have made detailed calculations with the two-layer system as an example and found that the diffraction characteristics describe qualitatively a recent molecular beam epitaxy experiment of Si on Si(111) surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 849-854 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-quality epitaxial Nb thin films (thickness, 2000 A(ring)), characterized by flat and clean surfaces, high superconducting critical temperature (max.Tc, 9.44 K), large resistivity ratio (RR, resistivity at room temperature divided by resistivity at 10 K, max.RR, 44), and very small quantities of grains of different orientation, have been formed on sapphire-A and sapphire-C substrates at a relatively low substrate temperature (350–530 °C) using an ultrahigh vacuum arc method (4×10−7– 4×10−6 Pa). Structures and orientations of the films deposited on MgO(100), sapphire-A, and sapphire-C substrates are investigated by means of several techniques and they depend on symmetry properties of the substrates. 200-A(ring)-thick Nb films deposited on the MgO and the sapphire-C substrates showed good crystallinity and planarity. High-quality single-crystal films of Ta (thickness, 90 A(ring)) were formed on single-crystal Nb films (7000 A(ring)) obtained with the sapphire-A plane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 845-848 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Argon ions with energy 250 keV were implanted at fluences of 2×1016 cm−2 at temperatures of 500, 250, and 21 °C, in a specimen of relatively pure polycrystalline nickel. Deuterium was introduced into the surface and implanted regions by making the specimen the negative electrode of an electrolytic cell containing 1-N pure deuterated sulfuric acid. Deuterium trapped in the vacancy complexes of the implanted regions was analyzed as a function of temperature using the 2H(3He,1H)4He nuclear reaction during an isochronal annealing process. The results indicate that the types of traps and trap densities found in the regions implanted at 21 and 250 °C were essentially identical while the trap density found in the region implanted at 500 °C was approximately 40% of that found in the other regions. Math model comparison with the experimental results suggests the existence of at least two types of traps in each region. Trap binding enthalpies used in the math model to fit the experimental data were slightly higher for the region implanted with argon at 500 °C than for the regions implanted at the lower temperatures. TEM studies revealed the presence of small voids in the region implanted at 500 °C as well as dislocation loops similar to those found in the regions implanted at the lower temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 867-874 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A system of three Josephson junctions driven by a direct current is modelled and studied both numerically and with a perturbative approach. The results are compared and the relation with experiment is discussed. Hysteretic behavior is observed and predicted with the perturbation. Chaotic behavior is also observed and analyzed. Extensions of the approach to other models is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 861-866 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A two-dimensional model of Josephson junction of overlap type is presented. The energy input is provided through induced magnetic fields modeled by a set of boundary conditions. In the limit of a very narrow junction, this model reduces to the one-dimensional model. Further, an equation derived for the critical current leads in this limit to the critical current obtained from the one-dimensional model. Comparisons between stationary fluxon velocities obtained from the two models by means of numerical computations show that the difference is negligible. This supports the experimental observation that measurements are insensitive to the width of the junction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 875-889 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Chaotic behavior in the rf-biased Josephson junction is studied through digital simulations of the Steward–McCumber model. Chaotic states are characterized by Poincare sections, Liapunov exponents, and power spectra. Models are presented which explain some features of the chaotic spectra. The parameter range over which chaotic behavior occurs is determined empirically for a broad range of dc bias, rf bias, and hysteresis parameters for a fixed rf frequency. It is shown that chaos does not occur if either the dc bias or the rf bias is very large. An attempt is made to explain the boundaries of the chaotic region in terms of simple models for chaotic behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 897-901 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A previously described method for calculating the Lorentz factor L for orthorhombic polar crystals is modified to allow discussion of dipoles of finite size. In this approach, the field due to a lattice of point charges ±q separated by a distance d is calculated. The Lorentz factor, which relates the field at a lattice site to the macroscopic polarization, is found as a function of the dipole length d, and is seen to vary appreciably with changes in the separation between the charges. Assumption of a value of 1/3 for L can thus lead to significant errors in determining the self-consistent polarization of crystals consisting of polarizable molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 902-905 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A calculation of the equilibrium polarization and of the piezoelectric and pyroelectric coefficients of β-phase poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF2) is presented. The effects of both the orthorhombic crystal structure and of the finite separation between the monopoles of the molecular dipole are taken into account. Good agreement is obtained with the experimentally measured polarization and piezoelectric and pyroelectric coefficients of β-PVF2 films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 906-910 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in 80 mol % vinylidene fluoride/20 mol % tetrafluoroethylene copolymers (VDF-TFE) were measured at various crystallinities. In order to control the crystallinity, the crystallization pressure was varied from 1 bar to 5 kbar. All the samples prepared by this method contain only form I crystals but with various crystallinity and crystal thickness. Especially, a band structure characterizing an extended chain crystal was observed in the sample crystallized under more than 4 kbar. Remanent polarization (Pr) obtained by the D-E hysteresis curve increases with the crystallinity, and the extrapolated Pr of 126 mC/m2 nearly coincides with the value of 140 mC/m2 calculated from the unit cell dimension and dipole moment. The coercive field (Ec) decreases with the crystallinity. This would be explained by the expansion of intermolecular distance and a decrease in the number of folds, which affect the rotation of dipoles under an electric field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 890-896 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconducting NbN was produced on commercial carbon fibers and sapphire substrates by dc reactive magnetron sputtering. Uniform coating was achieved by spreading 9000 filaments into a strip located between two planar magnetrons facing each other. The conditions for B1 phase formation and homogeneous coating have been studied. Over a rather wide range of total pressures, pAr+pN2, the highest superconducting transition temperature was found for a nitrogen partial pressure pN2 of about 0.05 Pa. In addition, tensile or compressive strains were produced in the NbN film on the carbon fiber as a function of bias. The NbN grain size was controlled in the range between 10 and 25 nm. Without a bias, the usual (111) preferential orientation of the grains was observed in the NbN film on the carbon fiber. The intensity ratio I200/I111 could be controlled between 0.74 and 0.4. Under an increased bias, the lattice parameter grew from about 0.4385 to about 0.4395 nm. This behavior may be due to a variety of reasons. The superconducting critical currents jc in a self-magnetic field are about 105 A/cm2 for NbN on carbon fibers (C-NbN) and about 2×106 for NbN on sapphire (S-NbN). Various microstructures and, to some extent, also mechanical defects are thought to be responsible for this difference. At 13 T, the corresponding jc values are 2×104 and 105 A/cm2 for NbN films of 1-μm thickness. The extrapolated Bc2 (4K) values for C-NbN are about 30–35 T, for S-NbN about 25 T. The nucleation conditions for NbN depended strongly on the substrate; this was found to be true for the existence of the B1 phase with respect to gas composition, microstructure, and deposition rate. The analysis of the composition of the films, which was performed by Rutherford backscattering and scanning Auger depth profiling, revealed uniform compositions with approximately 1-at. % carbon and approximately 0.1-at. % oxygen contaminations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 911-919 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The oscillator strength of small-polaron absorption is studied for various thin films of tungsten oxide, WOx (x≤3), prepared by rf reactive magnetron sputtering, reactive ion plating, and vacuum evaporation. The oscillator strength greatly varies depending on the procedure of film preparation and treatment. For WOx films prepared by vacuum evaporation, the effective oscillator strength decreases down to 0.04 by annealing in air at 200 °C and increases up to 0.24 by annealing in air at 400 °C. The film deposited by reactive ion plating at an rf power of 300 W exhibits a large effective oscillator strength of 0.31. Concerning the film prepared by rf reactive magnetron sputtering, the oscillator strength drastically increases with an increase in rf power. For the film deposited at an rf power of 1000 W, an effective oscillator strength of 0.51 is obtained, which is five times greater than that of the film prepared by vacuum evaporation. X-ray diffraction and XPS measurements reveal that the oscillator strength is affected by the two factors, that is, crystallinity and oxygen content of the film. It is concluded that the enhancement of oscillator strength occurs through crystallization of the film from its amorphous state and a lack of oxygen in the film. Using a configuration coordinate diagram, the mechanism of the oscillator strength enhancement is discussed in terms of a delocalization of polaron wave function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 943-955 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The excitation and scattering of guided modes on a cylindrical dielectric waveguide with a corrugated surface is investigated. The interactions between the finite number of radiation modes and an infinite number of surface modes are considered with the consequence that both the amplitude and phase of the interacting modes are evaluated. The excitation by a two-dimensional beam is analyzed and the transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes are investigated. The power conservation relation of a corrugated cylinder is established and the reciprocity relations are investigated in general terms starting from the principle of time reversal. The fields of a finite length corrugated cylinder are used to obtain the far-field radiation pattern and treat its frequency characteristics. The effects of dielectric permittivity, dielectric losses, dephasing measure, and the grating profile are investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 310-317 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The characteristics of tin and cadmium doping of liquid-phase epitaxial grown InGaAsP layers have been investigated. A change in the solid composition of the quaternary is introduced as a result of the perturbation of the liquid solution composition by the dopants. This leads to a change in the lattice constant and a shift of the photoluminescence peak wavelength of the doped layers. Impurity band formation and band filling enhance the shift of the peak wavelength towards shorter wavelength in the case of tin doping while it substantially counteracts this shift in the case of cadmium. The critical carrier concentration for obtaining maximum luminescence efficiency was determined for the two dopants and the results are consistent with previously published results on InGaAsP/InP double heterostructure lasers. Unintentionally doped InGaAsP layers have also been examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 318-321 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By applying stochastics and thermodynamics, a formulation for deriving the spectral density due to the fluctuation of the total number of carriers in a semiconductor is suggested. From establishing and solving the master equations concerning the involved conditional probability functions, the autocorrelation and the cross correlation of the occupancy fluctuations can be obtained. The derived form of the spectral density due to the fluctuation of the total number of carriers is proportional to the equilibrium total number of carriers in the semiconductor, and becomes 1/f noise spectrum when the power index of the relaxation times is large.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 6-9 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Alternative solutions for the vector potential and the magnetic-field components produced by a toroidal conductor of rectangular cross section are considered. Series expansions are obtained and found to agree with those obtained independently by M. W. Garrett [J. Appl. Phys. 22, 1091 (1951)]. Results are obtained for a particular coil geometry by using only a few terms from the series expansions and, by comparing with the exact results, are found to be highly accurate at points close to the coil axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 78-81 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Calculations of high-explosive (HE) driven plasma opening switches have been extended to two dimensions. The goal of our calculations is to determine the role of mixing in the resistance increases that are observed experimentally. We have not included a magnetic field, but have looked at the hydrodynamics of the interface between the cool HE detonation products and the hot plasma. Our calculations indicate that significant mixing can occur if perturbations exist along the interface. We estimate the sensitivity of our results to the wavelength and amplitude of these perturbations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 91-95 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Up to now, the production of plasma columns through the propagation of electromagnetic surface waves had been reported essentially in the microwave range (200 MHz–10 GHz), with tube diameters that extend from 0.5 to 40 mm. Such plasmas can be obtained at much lower frequencies, at least down to 27 MHz. We also present larger plasma column diameters, up to 124 mm, as well as column lengths up to 6 m. The surface wave dispersion and the axial electron density distribution observed under these new conditions are well described by the cold plasma model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 96-101 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The influence of In diffusion on resistance stability of AuIn2 thin-film resistors was studied and the mechanism for resistance change was clarified. When resistors with In concentration below that of AuIn2 were in contact with Pb-In-Au alloy interconnection lines, In diffused from the Pb alloy into the resistors. This diffusion caused grain growth in the In-diffused zone, in addition to a phase change from an AuIn and AuIn2 mixture to AuIn2 single phase. The In-diffusion-induced grain growth decreased film resistivity because resistivity is mainly determined by grain-boundary scattering. When the resistor was preannealed before being connected to interconnection lines to saturate grain growth, excellent resistance stability was obtained even though In concentration shifted by ∼2 wt. % below AuIn2 stoichiometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 82-90 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The contribution of the ionization from the two metastable and the two resonance levels of argon to the total ionization rate in a low-pressure argon positive column is investigated theoretically and experimentally. A simple yet self-consistent discharge model is developed by coupling the balance between the electron total production and loss rates to the steady-state rate balance equations for the excited states. The predictions of this model, i.e., the maintenance field for the positive column and the populations in the individual excited states as a function of the gas pressure and the discharge current are compared with the experiment (0.05〈p〈1 Torr; 0.2〈I〈20 mA; φ=2.6-cm-i.d. discharge tube). It is shown that stepwise ionization becomes predominant for pressures larger than a few tenths of a Torr even for the lowest currents of this experiment. The predicted values of the maintenance field are considerably lower than those that would be required to sustain the discharge by ground-state ionization and compare favorably with the measurements. The calculated populations in the metastable states also compare reasonably well with the experiment. The discrepancies are, however, quite large in the case of the resonance levels owing, presumably, to the lack of accuracy of the theoretical escape factors for the resonance radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 628-630 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The output signal in a deep-level transient spectroscopy experiment is a function of both the rate-window settings and sample temperature. Usually, the rate window is held fixed and the temperature scanned to produce the deep-level spectrum. We will demonstrate that a deep-level spectrum can also be obtained by fixing the temperature and scanning the rate window.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 634-636 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A quantitative connection is made between the time-dependent field effect and 1/f noise in semiconductor devices exhibiting surface state occupancy fluctuations. Noise and ac field effect measurements were made on a gated silicon-on-sapphire resistor, providing direct evidence of a surface state contribution of ∼10% of the net 1/f noise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 631-633 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The e-beam stimulated reaction, CdCl2 (s)→Cd(s)+2 Cl(g), has been studied in cadmium chloride thin films between 303 and 483 K using 2-keV electrons. The dose required to make 90-nm-deep holes at 483 K is 3×10−3 C cm−2. Extrapolated dosing levels of ∼6×10−5 C cm−2 are expected. The use of CdCl2 as a positive-type electron resist in a new scheme is proposed. A working model, useful for considering the e-beam stimulated decomposition energetics and mechanism, is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 643-645 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An x-ray diffraction technique for determining thin-film thickness is presented which should prove to be a valuable alternative to the array of spectroscopies (Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, Auger electron spectroscopy, etc.) currently favored for these measurements. Some of the virtues of this x-ray diffraction approach are its nondestructive nature, fast data acquisition rate (enabling in situ observations), thickness resolution better than 5 nm, and conventional equipment requirements. Results are shown for Pd2Si thin films grown during isothermal annealing of Pd coatings (100 nm) on Si at 200 °C for various amounts of time. A comparison of these x-ray measurements with Rutherford backscattering spectrometry data taken from the same specimens is used to demonstrate the validity of the x-ray technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 646-647 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Current-voltage characteristics of silicon diodes which were found to be ideal at room temperature have been investigated in the range 300–400 K. The diodes remain ideal at higher temperatures, too.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 648-649 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A modified equation of state is proposed, which allows the use of the Arrott plots at high magnetic fields. The equation is shown to fit rather well the experimental data of Potter on crystalline Fe, and those of Kaul and Rosenberg on amorphous Fe13Ni67B19Si alloy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 637-642 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The growth rate of laser-photoenhanced thermally grown native oxides of InP in a N2O ambient and its dependence on growth condition are presented. Increased laser power, substrate temperature, and N2O pressure are observed to increase the growth rate. The topography and the composition of these oxides have been studied, using secondary electron microscopy and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, respectively. The oxide layers contain In2O3 and a phosphate, probably InPO4. The enhanced growth appears to be caused by both excited oxidizing species and a photon-enhanced surface reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 650-650 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 650-650 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5123-5126 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The problem of spatial distribution of the temperature rise due to a cw laser beam focused on the surface of an absorbing material is reexamined. The effect of temperature dependence of the absorption and reflection coefficients is incorporated in the calculations in a self-consistent way. A Green's function has been developed for the heat diffusion equation in the axially symmetric case and a general steady-state solution is obtained for an arbitrary source function. Compared with previous results, our calculations predict melting at lower laser power densities and changes in the spatial temperature distribution. In the limit of large absorption constants these differences are small. However, they become increasingly significant as the absorption constant is decreased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5127-5138 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The energy dissipation per cycle due to the harmonic rigid motion of geometric kinks (built-in) in the atmosphere of light interstitials which are hopping between tetrahedral sites is investigated analytically as well as numerically in terms of discrete Fourier k space plus Laplace transformation technique. In the linear response case a discrete Debye-type relaxation spectrum with six distinct branches is found to represent the anelastic behavior of the system uniquely (the nearest neighbor jumps only) and exactly. It is shown by extensive computer modeling experiments that the induced and dislocation embedded kink-enhanced Snoek peak is composed of six subpeaks, one acoustic and five optical in character. The acoustic part and the optical modes, especially the upper band which is composed of optical modes 6 and 5, are strongly and selectively associated with the isotropic (Cottrell Atmosphere) and the pure shear part (Snoek Cloud) of the elastic dipole tensor of the tetrahedral interstitials, respectively. An extremely accurate and concise analytical expression is deduced which shows that the decoupling procedure of Snoek and Cottrell atmospheres is a reliable approximation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5145-5147 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is found by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) that the oxygen thermal donor formation is suppressed in Czochralski silicon doped with donor impurities more than 1×1016 cm−3. The result is explained by a new model considering electron-hole equilibrium. The dopant concentration dependence of the thermal donor formation is analyzed, based on the model, and it is concluded that the thermal donor is a doubly charged donor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5139-5144 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron bombardment of thick pure SiO2 induces the buildup of a negative charge which can be observed through a "mirror'' effect in a conventional Auger scanning microscope. A mechanism for the creation of this charge is proposed in terms of trapping of an electron in defects due to the irradiating beam. The influence of temperature is studied on amorphous and monocrystalline SiO2. The temperature dependence of the existence of high negative charge shows around 270 °C an anomalous effect which depends on the irradiation time. The role of electronic excitation to produce defects in silica is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5162-5168 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The influence of low-energy (E∼5 eV per proton) ionizing radiation on predamaged, amorphous SiO2 has been studied through the electron spin resonance of oxygen vacancy centers (E'1). It is demonstrated that the observed line shapes can be explained in terms of dipolar broadening. By independent methods, line-shape fitting, and numerical integration, we extract the defect density as a function of low-energy irradiation dose and observe significant annealing for doses in excess of 10 J/cm2 accumulated. For medium-energy proton irradiations, contradictory results of line fitting and integration suggest the overall number of defects increases during proton irradiation but the mean defect density decreases (i.e., the defect-defect spacing increases). The fractional increase in defect numbers is much smaller than that found by others using 1-MeV electron irradiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5148-5161 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Acceptor (B, Al, Ga, and In) density versus time curves during avalanche electron injection (AEI) and constant-temperature thermal annealing experiments obtained from metal-oxide-silicon capacitors (MOSCs) show two distinguishable phases. The time dependence of the acceptor density during AEI shows an initial delay due to electron-impact release of hydrogen trapped in the gate conductor and oxide layers and a long-time decay due to the thermal capture and electron-impact emission of the atomic hydrogen at the group-III acceptor centers in the silicon surface layer. Thermal anneal of hydrogenated acceptor begins at 50 °C for boron and 100 °C for Al, Ga, and In. The initial phase during thermal annealing of AEIed MOSCs follows a first order kinetics at higher annealing temperatures, reaching a steady-state acceptor density before the second phase begins. The long-time anneal follows strictly a second-order kinetics which is rate limited by the recombination of two hydrogen atoms to form a molecule. Incomplete anneal is observed at higher temperatures when the dissociation rate of the hydrogen molecule becomes comparable with the recombination rate of two hydrogen atoms. Analytical solutions are obtained which account for all the details of the observed hydrogenation and annealing curves. These solutions are used to evaluate the thermal capture and emission rates and electron-impact emission rates of hydrogen or proton at the group-III impurity centers and the bimolecular generation and recombination rates of hydrogen. A new concept of hydrogen or proton traps in analogy to the electronic hole or electron traps is introduced to analyze the kinetics and account for the observed chemical trends between thermal capture and emission rates, thermal activation energy and bond strength. Chemical trends are noted which are consistent with the trapped proton activation energy and hydrogen bond strength trend, B〈Al〈Ga〈In.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5176-5180 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The concentrations of E' centers (ESR-active oxygen vacancies) produced by 30–160 keV electron irradiation have been measured in thermal SiO2 films at doses far exceeding any previously reported. The dependences of these concentrations on electron energy and fluence were measured in both steam-grown and dry oxides. Results indicated that ionization rather than atomic displacement is the predominant formation mechanism. Significant differences in dose dependence were found between oxide types, reflecting the role of hydrogen in damage annealing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5169-5175 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: 160-nm polycrystalline silicon films were implanted at room temperature with 100-keV silicon ions and subsequently annealed. The final grain size was found to increase with implant dose. A model is presented here to account for the dose dependence of the grain size. Three mechanisms were presumed to account for the final grain size: statistical variations of area coverage by the implanted ions, ion channeling, and spontaneous nucleation. Model parameters were successfully fit to the experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5188-5191 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple atomic structure model was proposed for Ga1−xInxAs solid solution. Distortion energy caused by the differences in Ga-As and In-As bond lengths was calculated using the valence-force-field approach. Calculated bond lengths for Ga1−xInxAs agree well with the extended x-ray absorption fine structure data. The calculated mixing enthalpy which corresponds to the excess energy caused by distortions agree with that from phase diagram.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5192-5195 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Trapping centers produced by 250-keV, 400-keV, 700-keV, and 1.5-MeV proton irradiations at room temperature in AlGaAs-GaAs solar cells have been studied. The traps detected by deep-level transient spectroscopy are the same as those produced by electron irradiations, only their introduction rates are different. An introduction rate was determined for each trapping center at the various proton energies. The large concentration of the E4 trap suggests it is associated with a cluster-type defect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5181-5187 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The amphoteric nature of silicon in gallium arsenide is used to develop diffusion and electrical compensation mechanisms. The diffusion mechanism is based on the formation and diffusion of nearest-neighbor donor-acceptor pairs. General solutions are presented that predict abrupt diffusion fronts for a wide range of pairing conditions. Experiments support the application of this mechanism to Si diffusion in GaAs at high concentrations. A compensation mechanism for amphoteric dopants is developed as well. The compensation process is driven primarily by the free-electron concentration. Nearly complete compensation is predicted for large dopant concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5345-5348 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple form of a buried heterostructure AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs quantum-well laser is described that is realized by impurity-induced layer disordering (donor-induced disordering). The layer disordering [and the resulting band-gap shift to higher energy (and lower index)] is accomplished by Si diffusion in a stripe pattern defined by a Si3N4 mask. Single-mode lasers of stripe width 3 and 6 μm are demonstrated that operate continuously at 300 K in the threshold current range of 10–25 mA and with single-facet power levels as high as 10–20 mW.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5349-5353 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We studied undoped GaAs films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition in a vertical geometry atmospheric pressure reactor. Our results on the surface morphology, carrier concentration and conductivity type and low-temperature photoluminescence spectra of the films, studied as a function of substrate temperature and As/Ga flux during growth, are generally in agreement with previous studies. In addition, we also report the effect of rotation speed of the substrate during growth. It is found that lower speeds give higher defect density and less n-type films and most notably enhance a defect exciton line at 1.5119 eV. From the free-to-bound transitions and from the dependence of the intensities of the exciton lines on growth temperature and As/Ga flux we inferred that the acceptors in our films are C, Zn, Mg and donors are those substituting on Ga sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5354-5358 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using the warm electron coefficient, the electron mobility, μinel, limited only by inelastic scattering was studied for two-dimensional electron gas confined to the GaAs side of an N-AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction. The warm electron coefficient β was measured to be 0.1–3×10−3 cm2/V2 at the temperature 4.2–30 K. The electron mobility μinel is interpreted as the upper limit obtained in the condition free of ionized impurity scattering. The relation between β and electron mobility μinel for two-dimensional electron gas is obtained as β∝μinel, when ionized impurity scattering is predominant. Combining the theoretical relations and experimental results, the electron mobility limit of a two-dimensional electron gas at 4.2 K is found to be about 9.0×106 cm2/V sec at sheet electron concentration of 8×1010 cm−2. The exponent of its temperature dependence is −1.28.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5414-5419 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: 57Fe Mössbauer spectra were taken at 25 and 293 K on four representative specimens of compounds of the series R2Fe14B (R=Ce, Nd, Gd, and Y). In all these cases it proved possible to analyze the spectra in terms of six subspectra associated with the six crystallographically nonequivalent Fe sites in the tetragonal R2Fe14B unit cell. Assuming a linear relation between the observed hyperfine fields and magnetic moments it follows from our analysis that, although the average Fe moment in R2Fe14B is equal to that of α-Fe, there are Fe sites that give rise to moments much higher and much lower than the average value of 2.2 μB/Fe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5486-5492 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The growth of unintentionally doped indium phosphide by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LPMOCVD) using triethlylindium and phosphine has been investigated by low temperature photoluminescence (PL). Pregrowth annealing was found to result in improved crystalline quality of the seed surface. The predominant acceptor impurity on the annealed substrate surface and in the initial epitaxial region (1200 A(ring)) was shown to be carbon. The major acceptor impurity in thicker epilayers further away from the substrate interface was determined to be Zn. Silicon was also identified from the PL spectra, though its concentration might be much smaller than that of zinc. No deep level impurities were observed in this material. Most important of all, the highly resolved exciton PL spectrum demonstrated that excellent quality InP comparable to the best material grown by vapor phase epitaxy could be grown by LPMOCVD without the need for phosphine cracking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5512-5518 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The previously postulated production of holes during the electrical breakdown of varistors has been directly verified. In some compositions band-gap (3.2 eV) luminescence from the recombination of these holes with free electrons has been observed. The intensity of this luminescence is greater in varistor compositions exhibiting higher nonlinearity coefficients. It is also proportional to the square of the current which implies hole creation by impact ionization in the depletion region near the grain boundaries. This study used varistors of relatively simple chemical composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5519-5522 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A practical dual-wavelength light-emitting double-diode (LEDD) device structure is presented. This device is relatively simple to fabricate and requires a single device-to-fiber alignment for packaging. Additionally, the individual wavelengths can be selected within the 0.8 to 1.6-μm low-loss spectral region of optical fibers. A dual-wavelength LEDD emitting at 1.3 and 1.1 μm is demonstrated. Powers exceeding 10 μW for each wavelength at 50-mA drive current are coupled into a lensed, graded index, 62.5-μm core, 0.29-NA optical fiber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5523-5524 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Recent experiments have shown that the fill factor degradation of some hydrogen-passivated dendritic web solar cells we reported earlier [Y. S. Tsuo and J. B. Milstein, Appl. Phys. Lett. 45, 971 (1984)] is caused mainly by thin (less than 7 μm), damaged, front metal grids. A comparison of spectral response data for unpassivated and passivated cells shows that improvements occur mainly in the longer wavelength region, which indicates that bulk properties are enhanced by hydrogen passivation. We have also examined the stability of hydrogen-passivated dendritic web solar cells over a three month period under outdoor test conditions and have not found any degradation. Electron-beam-induced current data have been obtained that show the hydrogen passivation of dislocations as well as grain boundaries in edge-supported-pulling silicon sheet solar cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5529-5531 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A graphical method is presented for Hall data analysis, including the temperature variation of activation energy due to screening. This method removes the discrepancies noted in the analysis of recently reported Hall data on Si(In).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5525-5528 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new injection pulse phenomenon is reported which may have a variety of applications including the detection of infrared (IR) radiation. Injection current pulses were observed in simple circuits containing forward biased silicon p-i-n diodes at liquid-helium temperatures. Under exposure to IR radiation, the pulse rate was observed to increase approximately linearly with increasing incident IR intensity. The substantial voltage, current, and power output may eliminate the need for on-chip amplifiers in many applications. Figures of merit are discussed, although the performance of the devices has not yet been optimized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5532-5534 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The time-dependent partial differential equation governing the two-dimensional driven diffusion in a cylindrical rod is solved analytically with an exchange strength at the surface that is either (i) proportional to the local surface concentration, or (ii) a constant. Both solutions are in the form of infinite series containing Bessel functions. Results from these calculations can be used to determine various thermodynamic properties of a solute in a homogeneous solid solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5539-5541 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Light-induced effects in lightly boron-doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon alloys have been studied in coplanar and sandwich sample configurations. It is observed that metastable changes in these films anneal out at a significantly lower temperature (≤ 100 °C) than in undoped films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5542-5543 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CdS and Cd1−xZnxS single crystals have been grown by a modified vapor growth technique. They have high transmission and high resistivity (〉1010 Ω cm). The results of transmission measurements are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 5535-5538 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper presents the changes of electrical characteristics in zinc oxide varistors subjected to hydrostatic pressure up to 4 kbar. Electrical measurements have been carried out with pressurized samples. Beyond 1 kbar, the leakage current increases exponentially with pressure as described by the relationship IF=P7,4. This leads to a decrease, by a factor of 2, of the nonlinear coefficient. In spite of choosing a different experimental approach and different material compounds, our results are in very good agreement with those already published.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4843-4848 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An electro-optical technique has been developed to measure high-frequency electric fields in free space. Electrically induced birefringence in an electro-optical crystal is used to modulate a linearly polarized continuous-wave laser beam. The modulation impressed on the laser beam contains both frequency and field intensity information. A way to use this technique as both a frequency and power meter is discussed. A proof-of-principle experiment has been carried out with a 3.1-GHz magnetron source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4849-4855 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A fast and simple algorithm is presented for calculating the effects of energy loss and scattering on electrons which pass through a converter foil. This algorithm is designed to be integrated into particle-in-cell codes for electron-beam transport. The results of this algorithm for such quantities as energy and number transmission and reflection coefficients compare very favorably with results obtained from a more sophisticated Monte Carlo transport code for pertinent applications. The savings in time is appreciable: this algorithm is approximately 30 times faster than the more sophisticated code.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4839-4842 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method is developed to describe the off-equilibrium property of an open system by taking the difference between the forward and backward stochastic processes into account. Here the forward probability is concerned with an initially conditioned ensemble of fluctuations whereas the backward one is concerned with the finally conditioned ensemble of fluctuations described by the Bayes' probability. An asymmetrical property between the correlation function of the forward process and that of the backward one is shown to be an experimentally useful measure of off-equilibrium property. The above method is applied to the time series of stationary brain waves to find that the brain waves in both the active and meditative state of the brain are regarded as off-equilibrium fluctuations. The violation of the principle of detailed balance results in the asymmetry between forward and backward conditional entropies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4820-4822 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We calculate the contributions of pure collision and phonon-assisted Auger processes within the framework of the Kane model to the nonradiative lifetime of p-doped GaAs. Our approach employs refined expressions for the wavefunction overlap integrals. Further, in contrast to previous treatments, our theory correctly describes the temperature dependence of the optical phonon-assisted Auger processes. Our values for the Auger lifetimes are in good agreement with experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4823-4825 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In Se–Tl, Se–Cd, Se–Au, and Se–Te contacts prepared by evaporation on a crystallized selenium layer, Schottky barrier heights were measured from junction capacitance. These were found to decrease systematically with the work function of the contacting metal. From this variation, the density of interface states was estimated to be about 1014 cm−2 eV−1, assuming an interfacial layer thickness of 10 A(ring). The neutral level of the states was estimated to lie close to the valence band edge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4826-4827 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-temperature (∼4 K) photoluminescence has been studied on as-grown and thermally annealed Si-doped GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The peak intensities of the defect-related emissions, due to the defect-induced bound exciton (d, X) and the defect complex (d) are decreased by thermal annealing. On the other hand, Hall measurements show that free carrier concentrations are decreased only slightly by thermal annealing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 102-104 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: SnOx films with different values of x were deposited by rf sputtering. Secondary emission yield δ, physical density γ, and electrical resistivity ρ of the films were investigated. Higher values of δ than those of bulk SnO and SnO2 were found. From the experiment it results that δ, γ, and ρ increase with the increase of x. The crossover energy Ec, the primary electron energy for δ=1, decreases with x. Analysis of the experimental data and theory leads to the conclusion that the main factor which determines the maximum secondary electron emission yield δm is the ratio between the escape probability and the work function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...