ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • nitrogen  (44)
  • Drosophila  (41)
  • Springer  (85)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1985-1989  (85)
  • 1988  (85)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (85)
Years
  • 2015-2019
  • 1985-1989  (85)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of early adult experience on host selection in insects: Some experimental and theoretical results (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 1 (1988), S. 3-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: host preference ; habitat selection ; experience ; learning ; Drosophila ; host races ; population genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A field experiment with Drosophila melanogasterrevealed that when flies encounter a particular food type soon after emergence, the probability of their subsequently being attracted to such a resource is increased. In this experiment, the length of time flies experienced their postemergence environments was under the control of the flies themselves. The experiment thus realistically mimicked one form of experiential effect that may be important in nature. A theoretical model is developed which shows that enhanced adult preferences for the types of resources fed on as larvae can substantially increase the degree of host-based genetic subdivision within a polyphagous population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01052500
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Male mating activity and genetic aspects in imaginal diapause of Drosophila triauraria (1988)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 47 (1988), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: imaginal diapause ; male mating activity ; genetics ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les femelles de D. triauraria Bock & Wheeler (Dipt. Drosophilidae) sont connues pour présenter une diapause reproductrice aux photophases courtes. Les mâles eux aussi ont révélé une activité sexuelle réduite aux photophases courtes, c'est-à-dire qu'ils sont entrés comme les femelles en diapause reproductive. Les photophases critiques pour l'induction de la diapause des mâles et des femelles n'ont pas présenté de différences. Les diapause des mâles et des femelles s'achèvent même sous courtes photophases, mais la diapause mâle était quelque peu plus faible que la diapause femelle. La photophase critique et le taux de diapause ont varié en fonction de l'origine géographique dans l'espèce actuelle. Lors de croisements entre lignées diapausantes et non-diapausantes, la photophase critique et la durée de la diapause ont été héritées quantitativement. A partir de ces expériences et d'expériences précédentes de croisements (Kimura, 1983), quelques modèles de méchnisme d'induction de la diapause de cette espèce sont proposés.
    Notes: Abstract In Drosophila triauraria Bock & Wheeler (Diptera: Drosophilidae) of which females were known to enter reproductive diapause at short daylengths, males also showed reduced mating activity at short daylengths, i.e., males as well as females entered reproductive diapause. The critical daylength for diapause induction did not differ between females and males. Both male and female diapause ended even under short daylengths, but the male diapause was somewhat weaker than the female diapause. The critical daylength and the diapause rate varied geographically in this species. In the cross between diapausing and non-diapausing strains, the critical daylength and the diapause duration inherited in a quantitative manner. On the basis of the present and previous crossing experiments, some models are proposed on the mechanism of diapause induction of this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186719
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphism inDrosophila: Enzyme kinetics of product inhibition (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 28 (1988), S. 145-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Alcohol dehydrogenase ; Drosophila ; Enzyme kinetics ; Product inhibition ; Microevolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Because natural populations ofDrosophila melanogaster are polymorphic for different allozymes of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and becauseD. melanogaster is more tolerant to the toxic effects of ethanol than its sibling speciesD. simulans, information regarding the sensitivities of the different forms of ADH to the products of ethanol degradation are of ecological importance. ADH-F, ADH-S, ADH-71k ofD. melanogaster and the ADH ofD. simulans were inhibited by NADH, but the inhibition was relieved by NAD+. The order of sensitivity of NADH was ADH-F〈ADH-71k, ADH-S〈ADH-simulans with ADH-F being about four times less sensitive than theD. melanogaster enzymes and 12 times less sensitive than theD. simulans enzyme. Acetaldehyde inhibited the ethanolto-acetaldehyde activity of the ADHs, but at low acetaldehyde concentrations ethanol and NAD+ reduced the inhibition. ADH-71k and ADH-F were more subject to the inhibitory action of acetaldehyde than ADH-S and ADH-simulans, with ADH-71k being seven times more sensitive than ADH-S. The pattern of product inhibition of ADH-71k suggests a rapid equilibrium random mechanism for ethanol oxidation. Thus, although the ADH variants only differ by a few amino acids, these differences exert a far larger impact on their intrinsic properties than previously thought. How differences in product inhibition may be of significance in the evolution of the ADHs is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143506
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen requirements in young Douglas-fir of the Pacific North-west (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 15 (1988), S. 173-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Douglas-fir ; urea ; basal area increment ; growth response ; nitrogen ; critical level
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A series of fourteen Pacific North-west Douglas-fir installations, ranging in age from 6 to 26 years were analysed with respect to site factors, foliage nutrients, and growth response to applied fertilizer. Unfertilized basal area increment ranged from 1.2 to 3.1 m2 ha−1 yr−1 with no apparent relationship with soil, stand age or site index. Basal area increment was correlated with foliage N and a critical level for N was calculated as 1.7%. Applications of 220 kg N ha−1 as urea increased growth between 0 and 95% of the unfertilized basal area growth, with an average of 24.9%. Response could be predicted from foliage N and unfertilized basal area increment. When the same relationships were applied to previously older stand data, results were more variable as elements such as B and S showed evidence of being limiting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01050679
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen and potassium requirement of pineapple in relation to irrigation in Nigeria (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 15 (1988), S. 203-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: irrigation ; pineapples ; nitrogen ; potassium ; yield ; Nigeria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The investigation studied the effect of fertilization with four nitrogen levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha), four potassium levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha) and four irrigation treatments (0, 3, 7 and 14-day interval) on the growth and yield of smooth Cayenne pineapples. Increasing irrigation frequency increased growth parameters of number of leaves, D-leaf length and days to 50% flowering. Fruit weight was highest at N = 150 kg/ha, K = 200 kg/ ha and irrigation once a week. Higher N levels (beyond 150 kg/ha) applied after the plant crop has been harvested did not further enhance yields of the ratoon crop. For K = 200 kg/ha potential and harvested yields were reduced in all irrigation treatments when N 〉 150 kg/ha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01051342
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertilizer requirement of rice-wheat and maize-wheat rotations on coarse-textured soils amended with farmyard manure (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 17 (1988), S. 153-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: farmyard manure ; maize ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; rice ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Field experiments with rice-wheat rotation were conducted during five consecutive years on a coarse-textured low organic matter soil. By amending the soil with 12t FYM ha−1, the yield of wetland rice in the absence of fertilizers was increased by 32 per cent. Application of 80 kg N ha−1 as urea could increase the grain yield of rice equivalent to 120 kg N ha−1 on the unamended soil. Although the soil under test was low in Olsen's P, rice did not respond to the application of phosphorus on both amended and unamended soils. For producing equivalent grain yield, fertilizer requirement of maize grown on soils amended with 6 and 12 t FYM ha−1 could be reduced, respectively to 50 and 25 per cent of the dose recommended for unamended soil (120 kg N + 26.2 kg P + 25 kg K ha−1). Grain yield of wheat grown after rice on soils amended with FYM was significantly higher than that obtained on unamended soil. In contrast, grain yield of wheat which followed maize did not differ significantly on amended or unamended soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01050276
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Productivity of nitrogen fertilized plantain in intercropping systems (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 18 (1988), S. 245-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: plantain ; intercropping systems ; nitrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The investigation evaluated the productivity of plantain intercropped with cassava, cocoyam and yam, fertilized annually with 0, 320 and 480 kg N ha−1 respectively. Yields from nitrogen fertilized intercrops were higher than those of unfertilized treatments. In plantain + cassava intercrop receiving 480 kg N ha−1 plantain growth was suppressed. Plantain intercropped with yam and fertilized with 320 kg N ha−1 matured early and produced better bunches than other treatments. Plantain + yam or cocoyam intercropping systems fertilized with 320 kg N ha−1 were recommended because of improved plantain establishment and increased combined crop yields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049574
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Appendage morphogenesis in Drosophila: a developmental study of the rotund (rn) gene (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 19-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Morphogenesis ; Appendages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The phenotype of rotund (rn) null alleles is described, and compared to wild type. The mutants are expressed zygotically and cause position specific defects in certain imaginal discs (antenna, legs, wing, haltere and proboscis) and their corresponding adult derivatives. In the discs, specific folds are absent in rn mutants compared to wild type. Clonal analysis shows that the rn + gene is partially autonomous in its expression in cells destined to form certain distal parts of the adult appendages. The results are consistent with the idea that the rn + gene is required for normal morphogenesis of specific distal parts of the adult appendages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376037
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of vibrationally excited nitrogen in the ionosphere (1988)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 127 (1988), S. 529-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Ionosphere ; nitrogen ; vibrational temperatures ; N2 and CO2 and populations of N2 and CO2 in the D, E and F regions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Theoretical and experimental aspects of the production, transformation, diffusion and loss of N2 in the upper atmosphere are considered. The N2-CO2 near-resonant system in theD andE regions is taken into account. We describe our understanding of the methods necessary to find the vibrational populations of N2 and CO2 (asymmetric mode of CO2). The calculations of the vibrational temperatures in theD, E, andF regions for the mid-latitude ionosphere and an aurora are presented. The connection between the excited species and the 4.26-μm radiation intensities is considered. The models for the rate coefficient of the reaction of O+ with N2 and the electron density decrease resulting from N2 in the F region are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879824
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The type and location of homeotic transformations in the tumorous-head mutant of Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 40-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Homeosis ; Tumorous-head ; Bithorax-complex mutant ; Morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Transformations of tumorous-head Drosophila melanogaster were examined in order to investigate whether head structures were replaced by specific abdominal structures. Heads selected for the presence of genital structures were analyzed in detail. Female abnormalities included any combination of vaginal teeth, vulvar papillae, sensilla trichodea, abdominal tergites 6 (T6), 7 (T7), 8 (T8) and anal plate. Anal plate was observed in the prefrons and rostral membrane, while all other genital structures were intimately associated with modified shingle cuticle. Male abnormalities included transformation of antennal structures to penis, clasper teeth, lateral plate, anal plate and eye to T6. The distribution of each type of homeotic structure was confined to general regions of the eye-antenna, with no precise dividing lines between them. However, the spatial sequence of homeotic structures in the eye-antenna was generally the same as the sequence of the same structures in the posterior abdomen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376040
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two groups of interrelated genes regulate early neurogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 457-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Neurogenesis ; Neurogenic genes ; Achaetescute complex ; Daughterless ; Genetic interactions ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In Drosophila melanogaster the neuroblasts separate from epidermoblasts to give rise to the neural primordium. This process is under the control of several genes. The group of the so-called neurogenic genes is required for epidermal development; other genes, comprising those of the achaete-scute complex and daughterless, are required for neural development. We have studied the relationships between both groups of genes in two different ways. We have analyzed the phenotype of double-mutant embryos and our results show that the neural hyperplasia caused by neurogenic mutations can be partially prevented if a mutation in one of the other genes is present in the same genome. Only the neural cells that do not require the function of a particular gene of the achaete-scute complex in the wild-type seem to develop to a neural fate in the double mutant embryos. At least some of the genetic interactions affect the transcriptional level, as shown by in situ hybridization, since the territories of transcription of the achaetescute genes are expanded in neurogenic mutants. All cells of the neurogenic region of the double mutants apparently initiate neural development. However, during later development some of these cells switch their fate either to epidermogenesis or to cell death and this leads to the final phenotype of the double mutants. We discuss these results with respect to the events of early neurogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385679
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induced neuroma formation and target muscle perturbation in the giant fiber pathway of the Drosophila temperature-sensitive mutant shibire (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 383-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; shibire ; Neuronal development ; Muscle ; Giant fiber pathway
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The temperature-sensitive mutation shibire (shi) in Drosophila melanogaster is thought to disrupt membrane recycling processes, including endocytotic vesicle pinch-off. This mutation can perturb the development of nerves and muscles of the adult escape response. After exposure to a heat pulse (6 h at 30° C) at 20 h of pupal development, adults have abnormal flight muscles. Wing depressor muscles (DLM) are reduced in number from the normal six to one or two fibers, and are composed of enlarged fibers that appear to represent fiber fusion; large spaces devoid of muscle fibers suggested fiber deletion. The normal five motor axons are present in the peripheral nerve PDMN near the ganglion. However, while some motor axons pass dorsally to the extant fibers, other motor axons lacking end targets pass into an abnormal posterior branch and terminate in a neuroma, i.e., a tangle of axons and glia without muscle target tissue. Hemisynapses are common in axons of the proximal PDMN and within the neuroma, but they are rarely seen in control (no heat pulse) shi or wild-type flies. All surviving muscle fibers are innervated; no muscle tissue exists without innervation. Fibrillar fine structure and neuromuscular synapses appear normal. Fused fibers have dual innervation, suggesting correct and specific matching of target tissue and motor axons. Motor axons lacking target fibers do not innervate erroneous targets but instead terminate in the neuroma. These results suggest developmental constraints and rules, which may contribute to the orderly, stereotyped development in the normal flight system. The nature of the anomalies inducible in the flight motor system in shi flies implies that membrane recycling events at about 20 h of pupal development are critical to the formation of the normal adult nerve-muscle pattern for DLM flight muscles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398989
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible commitment of neural and epidermal progenitor cells during embryogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 413-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Cell interactions ; Cell commitment ; Neurogenesis ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cell-cell interactions are involved in mediating developmental fate. An example is the decision of the neuroectodermal cells of Drosophila to develop as neural or epidermal progenitors, where cellular interactions participate in the process of acquisition of either cell fate. The results of heterochronic cell transplantations we describe here suggest that both neuroblasts and epidermoblasts are not irreversibly committed to a particular developmental fate. Rather, they retain the ability to interact with neighbouring cells and, under our experimental conditions, are capable of switching their fate during a relatively long period of time, i.e. until the end of embryonic stage 11.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398992
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic interaction between homoeotic Sex combs reduced and Regulator of bithorax (or trithorax) genes of Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 435-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Homoeotic genes ; Segment differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Regulator of bithorax (Rg-bx)−, or trithorax (trx)− lethal larvae occasionally show a homoeotic transformation of the dorsal prothorax to mesothoracic structures. This transformation suggests a reduced activity of the Sex combs reduced (Scr) gene on the basis of gene dosage studies, as well as enhanced expression of the phenotypes of the weak Scr − alleles in Rg-bx − larvae. Morphological observations of adult flies doubly heterozygous for Rg-bx and Scr mutations also suggest the enhancement of an aspect of Scr adult phenotypes. I conclude that the Rg-bx + gene function is required for the optimal expression of the Scr gene in larval and imaginai cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398995
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of a reporter gene resembles that of its neighbour: an insertion in the hairy gene of Drosophila (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 507-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Reporter gene ; hairy ; Segmentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Random insertions of a promotor fused to a reporter gene, such as Lac-Z, reveal regulatory sequences that confer temporal and spatial patterns of gene expression in eukaryotes. These patterns may reflect the activity of a neighbouring gene and thus lead to the isolation of new genes essential for normal development. Here, we demonstrate that this hypothesis is true for an insertion into the well characterized segmentation gene, hairy, in Drosophila. The insertion is homozygous lethal and fails to complement other hairy alleles, giving the phenotype described for hairy mutations. The insertion is located at 66D on the polytene chromosome map, is within 300–600 bp 5′ to the first hairy exon, and is orientated in the same sense (5′-3′) as the hairy transcription unit. Expression of β-galactosidase (β-gal), deriving from the insertion, follows closely the spatio-temporal patterns of expression of hairy gene product during embryogenesis. In addition, other sites of β-galactosidase expression are shown in the third larval instar stage and in the adult ovary. The results show that some insertions, giving restricted patterns of reporter gene expression, will reflect the temporo-spatial activity of a nearby gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385685
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal ovarian morphogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster after injection of embryos with conditioned media from the Daudi cell line (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 370-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Injection of embryo ; Daudi conditioned medium ; Rudimentary ovaries ; Mean number of ovarioles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Drosophila melanogaster embryos were injected before the blastoderm stage with conditioned media from several male Burkitt's lymphoma human cell lines and the Daudi cell line. Such injections do not have any effect on the male genital apparatus or on the female tract. The Daudi conditioned medium modifies the ovarian morphogenesis of the flies and the rudimentary ovaries obtained look like nymphal gonads. Moreover, they have a drastically reduced number of germ cells. The ovaries that looked functional contain numerous necrotic germ cells and the mean number of ovarioles per fly is significantly smaller than that of the controls. The abnormalities observed resemble the results of experimental and genetic lack of germ cells. They disappear at very high dilution (1×10−6).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375958
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrically mediated protein movement inDrosophila follicles (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Electrical polarity ; Ovarian follicles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Distribution of rhodamine-conjugated lysozyme injected into the sixteen-cell syncytium comprising the germ-line portion of theDrosophila follicle is shown to be affected by charge. Positive molecules are able to migrate through intercellular bridges from the oocyte to the nurse cells, but are unable to migrate detectably from nurse cells to the oocyte. Their negatively charged counterparts can move from the nurse cells to the oocyte, but are unable to traverse the intercellular bridges in the counter direction. This charge-dependent movement of molecules is accompanied by an electrical potential difference, focused across the nurse cell-oocyte bridges, which makes the nurse cells negatively charged to the oocyte. The addition of insect hemolymph to the physiological salt solution in which the experiments were performed resulted in only a small increase in the transmembrane resistance, but enhanced the potential difference between oocyte and nurse cells from 0.2±0.3 (SE) mV (nurse cells negative) to 2.3±0.45 (SE) mV (nurse cells negative).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02439430
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maternal and zygotic requirement for thepolyhomeotic complex genetic locus inDrosophila (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Homeosis ; Epidermal development ; Embryology ; Clonal analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The complex genetic locuspolyhomeotic (ph) is a member of thePolycomb (Pc)-group of genes and as such is required for the normal expression of ANT-C and BX-C genes. It also has probably other functions since amorphicph alleles display a cell death phenotype in the ventral epidermis of 12-h-old embryos. Here it is shown that lethal alleles ofph (amorph and strong hypomorph) show transformation of most of their segments towards AB8. Theph + product is required autonomously in imaginal cells. The total lack ofph + function prevents viability of the cuticular derivatives of these cells.ph has a strong maternal effect on segmental identity and epidermal development that can not be rescued by one paternally supplied dose ofph + in the zygote. These phenotypes differ substantially from those of previously describedPc-group genes. AmongPc-group genes,ph seems to be the only one that is strongly required both maternally and zygotically for normal embryonic development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02439431
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reinforcement-extinction process of selector gene activity: a positive feed-back loop and cell-cell interactions in Ultrabithorax patterning (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 424-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Ultrabithorax ; Development ; Regulation ; Protein distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Most viable alleles of homeotic genes cause partial transformations within given lineages in a topographically specific fashion. We study this phenomenon as a way to understand the normal mechanisms involved in the spatial regulation of homeotic gene expression. To this end we have investigated the distribution of Ultrabithorax (Ubx) proteins in imaginai discs mutant for hypomorphic and neomorphic alleles of Ubx and alleles of trans-acting genes. We find that the morphological discontinuities observed in the adult transformations are caused by corresponding new patterns of the Ubx proteins in the imaginai anlagen. These novel patterns of Ubx proteins are understood as a consequence of a process of reinforcement-extinction of Ubx expression. The evidence suggesting that this process results from a positive feed-back loop and cell-cell interactions is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398994
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutational dissection of gene expression in the abdominal region of the bithorax complex of Drosophila in imaginal tissue (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Bithorax complex ; Drosophila ; Abdominal-B mutations ; Genetic mosaics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The phenotypic effects in imaginal hypodermal tissue of a number of Abdominal-B mutations of the bithorax complex are described. Evidence is given from complementation analysis that the phenotypic heterogeneity in both the spatial limits and the nature of the homeotic transformations produced is not an arbitrary classification of allelic differences that we find. We have used genetic mosaic analysis to support the interpretation that the Abdominal-B genetic unit can exist in a number of alternative functional states of expression during development and that individual Abdominal-B mutations may abolish some states whilst leaving others unaffected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427916
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of viable and lethalfused mutants ofDrosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 221-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Segment polarity gene ; Maternal effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Fused is a segmentation gene belonging to the segment-polarity class. Mutations at thefused locus are known to display pleiotropic effects, causing zygotically determined anomalies of ovaries and of some adult cuticular structures, and maternally determined embryonic segmentation defects. In order to determine the amorphic phenotype offused and to study the genetical basis of its pleiotropy, newfused alleles (18 viable and 11 lethal) were isolated. The phenotype of these mutants and of others already known are described, taking into account zygotic and maternal effects. The main results provided by this analysis are as follows. Firstly, allfused alleles show the whole complex fused phenotype, and a good correlation is observed between the strength of the wing and segmentation defects, suggesting that a single function is involved in both processes. Secondly, all embryonic and larval lethals carry deficiencies which allow us to localizefused between the 17C4 and 17D2 bands of the X-chromosome. Thirdly, the 24 viable and 2 pupal lethals examined behave as point mutants, as shown cytologically or by Southern blot analysis. However, only one of them, the pupal lethalfu mH63 was proven to carry a nullfused allele, since it displays in germ-line clones a strong maternal phenotype and a very low zygotic rescue, similar to those of the small deficiencyDf(1)fu z4. The phenotype of the amorphic mutant indicates that zygotic ezpression offused is required for normal metamorphosis, while maternal expression is necessary for a normal segmentation pattern, since a complete loss offused expression during oogenesis cannot be compensated zygotically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02439429
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental analysis of fs(1)gastrulation defective, a dorsal-group gene of Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 75-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Maternal effect mutation ; Pattern formation ; Gastrulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The gastrulation defective (gd) locus is a maternally expressed gene in Drosophila required for normal differentiation of structures along the embryonic dorso-ventral axis. Cuticular defects of the offspring from females with different combinations of gd alleles comprised a phenotypic continuum. Complementation among several alleles produced normal offspring while progressively more severe mutations produced a graded loss of structures from ventral, and then lateral, blastoderm cells. The most severely affected embryos consisted entirely of structures derived from dorsal blastoderm cells. Histological examination of staged siblings from selected allelic combinations showed that internal tissues were similarly affected. The tissues observed in amorphic embryos support new, more dorsal, assignments of fate map positions for blastoderm precursors of the cephalopharyngeal apparatus, hindgut and ventral nerve cord. The loss of ventral and lateral structures did not occur through cell death and appeared to involve a change in blastoderm cell fate. A direct effect of the mutations on blastoderm cell determination, however, was insufficient to explain the development of the dorsalized embryos. Intermediate phenotypes suggested that cell interactions or movements associated with morphogenesis are required for the determination of some cell fates in the dorsoventral axis. Thus, the developmental fate of all blastoderm cells may not be fixed at the time of blastoderm formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375930
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dominant maternal interactions with Drosophila segmentation genes (1988)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 197 (1988), S. 115-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: X-Chromosome Loci ; Dominant maternal effect ; Segmentation genes ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A systematic search for X chromosome loci showing a dominant maternal interaction with the segmentation genes Krüppel, hunchback, knirps and hairy was performed using deficiencies spanning 65% of the X chromosome. No interaction with the knirps gene was observed, but five regions of the X chromosome showed a maternal dominant interaction with the Krüppel gene. Two of these regions also show a maternal dominant interaction with either hunchback (region 10A7–10A8) or hairy (region 10E1–10F3). In all of these interactions dead embryos were observed which showed the same defects as embryos homozygous for the segmentation gene tested. These results suggest that a complex repartition of maternal products necessary for subsequent segmentation may occur in the Drosophila egg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375934
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The vectoring of cactophilic yeasts by Drosophila (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 75 (1988), S. 400-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Vectoring ; Drosophila ; Cactophilic yeasts ; Dispersal ; Community structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary At two locations in the Sonoran Desert, yeasts were sampled from species of Drosophila, the flies' cactus hosts, and other neighboring sources of cactophilic yeasts to determine the relation between the yeasts vectored by the fly and the yeasts found in their breeding sites. D. mojavensis, D. nigrospiracula, and D. mettleri vectored yeast assemblages significantly more similar to the yeast species found on the rot from which the flies were collected than to the yeasts found on other rots from the flies host cactus or other rotting cactus at the same site. Rots with Drosophila had fewer yeast species than those without flies, suggesting that flies were associated with younger rots. Rots with flies and the Drosophila also had more yeast species with the capability to produce ethyl acetate than rots without flies. The results support the contention that cactophilic Drosophila feed on a subset of the yeasts available in an area, and may act to maintain differences among the yeast communities found on different species of cactus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376943
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between a picornavirus and a wild population ofDrosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 75 (1988), S. 516-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Picornavirus ; Fertility ; Embryonic and larvo-pupal death rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Drosophila C virus (DCV) has a considerable impact on ovarian morphogenesis inDrosophila melanogaster host populations. This virus also affects the developmental time and the fresh weight of infected females. In order to investigate the hypothesis that DCV may play a role in the dynamics ofDrosophila populations, the fertility and embryonic and larvo-pupal death rates of a host population and that of five DCV-free populations were determined. A comparison of two populations, one of them DCV-free, the other infected, suggested that the fertility of the DCV-infected flies was higher than that of uninfected flies, despite a greater larvo-pupal death rate. Fertility of the infected flies was greater among the infected population than for the DCV-free populations. The DCV-free populations originated from five different localities. The virus clearly does have an impact on the biotic potential of its host population. This paper reports for the first time a positive interaction between a viral population and a host population as it increases certain parameters of host population dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00776414
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial arginine kinases inDrosophila: Evidence for a single gene (1988)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 26 (1988), S. 131-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Drosophila ; arginine kinase ; mitochondria ; isozymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondrial and cytoplasmic isozymes of arginine kinase have been identified inDrosophila melanogaster. On the basis of their immunological similarity, parallel dosage responses, and cosegregation of electrophoretic mobility differences, it is concluded that both isozymes are the product of a single gene. The consequences of this in relation to the regulation and evolution of this unusual gene-enzyme system are discussed. It is inferred that the origin of the phosphagen shuttle must predate the divergence of invertebrates and vertebrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00555494
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic characterization of dipeptidase activity modifiers inDrosophila melanogaster from natural populations (1988)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 26 (1988), S. 783-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Drosophila ; dipeptidase activities ; genetic variation ; activity modifiers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An examination ofDrosophila melanogaster from natural populations revealed genetic variation for dipeptidase-A (DIP-A) and dipeptidase-B (DIP-B) activities within sets of lines that differed from one another only in the second or the third chromosome. Analyses of diallel crosses indicate that both activities are inherited additively, and coordinate control of expression is suggested by the significant positive correlation between the two activities. Electrophoresis and thermal denaturation studies failed to detect structural differences among lines with different levels of DIP-A activity. No characteristic level of activity could be associated with any DIP-A allozyme. Mapping experiments revealed the presence of activity modifiers that are in tight linkage with the structural gene, as well as those that manifest their effects from a distance. The maximum genetic distance between a high-activity effect on DIP-A and the structural gene was determined to be 0.029 map unit. These results are in accordance with the prevalence of activity modifiers for various enzymes inDrosophila melanogaster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395523
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic determinants of glutamine synthetase inDrosophila melanogaster: A gene for glutamine synthetase I resides in the 21B3-6 region (1988)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 26 (1988), S. 571-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: glutamine synthetase I ; genetic mapping ; allozymes ; null alleles ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Recombinational and deletion mapping of electrophoretic variants of the glutamine synthetase I isozyme (GSI) inDrosophila melanogaster locates the gene in the 21B region on the second chromosome. We have conducted a genetic analysis of the region extending cytologically from 21A to 21B4-6. Recessive lethal mutations were generated by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and ethyl nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis and by hybrid dysgenesis (HD). These lethals fall into seven functional groups, which were partially ordered by complementation with cytologically defined deficiencies of this region generated by hybrid dysgenesis. Two of the EMS- and two of the ENU-induced lethals fulfill biochemical criteria expected for null alleles of the GSI gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02399602
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic characterization of dipeptidase activity modifiers inDrosophila melanogaster from natural populations (1988)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 26 (1988), S. 783-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Drosophila ; dipeptidase activities ; genetic variation ; activity modifiers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An examination ofDrosophila melanogaster from natural populations revealed genetic variation for dipeptidase-A (DIP-A) and dipeptidase-B (DIP-B) activities within sets of lines that differed from one another only in the second or the third chromosome. Analyses of diallel crosses indicate that both activities are inherited additively, and coordinate control of expression is suggested by the significant positive correlation between the two activities. Electrophoresis and thermal denaturation studies failed to detect structural differences among lines with different levels of DIP-A activity. No characteristic level of activity could be associated with any DIP-A allozyme. Mapping experiments revealed the presence of activity modifiers that are in tight linkage with the structural gene, as well as those that manifest their effects from a distance. The maximum genetic distance between a high-activity effect on DIP-A and the structural gene was determined to be 0.029 map unit. These results are in accordance with the prevalence of activity modifiers for various enzymes inDrosophila melanogaster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553876
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glue proteins inDrosophila nasuta (1988)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 26 (1988), S. 527-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Drosophila ; glue proteins ; glycosylation ; Chromosomal linkage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Larval glue protein fractions ofDrosophila nasuta nasuta were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Seven major and at least four minor glue protein fractions were recognized. Six of the major fractions are glycosylated. They migrate as three prominent doublets (〉100, 43, and 30/28 kd). The synthesis of traceable amounts of these major fractions begins already during the second as well as during the early stages of the third larval instar. The 43-kd and the 30/28-kd fractions are coded by X-chromosomal genes. They are probably clustered within the huge puff of division 10, which is the most prominent X-chromosomal puff in the polytene chromosomes of the third larval instar. Complex posttranslational modification of all but one major glue protein fraction (14 kd) leads to the formation of about 15 different protein fractions in the final glue product. The amount of glue protein produced byD. n. nasuta larvae (in relation to the total saliva proteins) is nearly twice the amount produced byD. melanogaster larvae (ca. 55 and 32%, respectively).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553866
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic determinants of glutamine synthetase inDrosophila melanogaster: A gene for glutamine synthetase I resides in the 21B3-6 region (1988)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 26 (1988), S. 571-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: glutamine synthetase I ; genetic mapping ; allozymes ; null alleles ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Recombinational and deletion mapping of electrophoretic variants of the glutamine synthetase I isozyme (GSI) inDrosophila melanogaster locates the gene in the 21B region on the second chromosome. We have conducted a genetic analysis of the region extending cytologically from 21A to 21B4-6. Recessive lethal mutations were generated by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and ethyl nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis and by hybrid dysgenesis (HD). These lethals fall into seven functional groups, which were partially ordered by complementation with cytologically defined deficiencies of this region generated by hybrid dysgenesis. Two of the EMS- and two of the ENU-induced lethals fulfill biochemical criteria expected for null alleles of the GSI gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553780
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and properties of theDrosophila zen protein (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 79 (1988), S. 181-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: zerknullt gene ; homeobox protein ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The zen protein is encoded by the zerknullt gene required for normal early development inDrosophila. Like many regulatory proteins of this type, zen contains a 60 amino acid homeobox sequence. We have purified the zen protein and studied its solution behavior and its interaction with DNA. The zen protein exists as a monomer in solution with a molecular weight of about 40000. It binds specifically to a site about 900 bases upstream from thezen gene. Within this binding site DNase protection experiments indicate that binding is confined to two regions approximately 11 and 14 bases in length that are separated by about 30 base pairs. The protein concentration dependence of the binding curve suggests that protein binding is non cooperative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02424561
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glue proteins inDrosophila nasuta (1988)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 26 (1988), S. 527-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Drosophila ; glue proteins ; glycosylation ; Chromosomal linkage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Larval glue protein fractions ofDrosophila nasuta nasuta were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Seven major and at least four minor glue protein fractions were recognized. Six of the major fractions are glycosylated. They migrate as three prominent doublets (〉100, 43, and 30/28 kd). The synthesis of traceable amounts of these major fractions begins already during the second as well as during the early stages of the third larval instar. The 43-kd and the 30/28-kd fractions are coded by X-chromosomal genes. They are probably clustered within the huge puff of division 10, which is the most prominent X-chromosomal puff in the polytene chromosomes of the third larval instar. Complex posttranslational modification of all but one major glue protein fraction (14 kd) leads to the formation of about 15 different protein fractions in the final glue product. The amount of glue protein produced byD. n. nasuta larvae (in relation to the total saliva proteins) is nearly twice the amount produced byD. melanogaster larvae (ca. 55 and 32%, respectively).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02399420
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavior, stress, and variability (1988)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 18 (1988), S. 293-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: stress ; domestication ; extreme environments ; human evolution ; mice ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic variability of behavioral traits under optimal and stressful environments is considered with examples fromDrosophila, rodents, and our own species. In agreement with direct fitness and life history traits, behavioral traits show a maximization of preexisting andde novo variation under stress. In order to understand evolutionary change,it appears necessary to emphasize those traits showing interactions with habitats under conditions of environmental stress; this can be shown at the behavioral level especially for domestication and adaptation to novel habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01260931
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variability of sexual behavior in a natural population ofDrosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 18 (1988), S. 389-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: sexual selection ; sexual behavior ; assortative mating ; polymorphism ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Although many experiments on laboratory stocks ofDrosophila have suggested that mate choice is a major feature of sexual selection in this organism, few attempts have been made to measure its extent in wild populations. In this study, a crossing design was used to obtain a set of 13 genetically identical independent lines representative of genotypes from an African population ofDrosophila melanogaster. They were tested for variation in sexual behavior using dyadic tests. Significant variation in orientation and vibration latencies was found for males, and in mating speed and copulation duration for both sexes. No evidence of assortative mating, either positive or negative, was found. The absence of a correlation in mating speed between males and females sharing the same genotype leads us to doubt the applicability of the notion of “male eagerness” and “female reluctancy” inDrosophila and the importance of “vigor” as a factor in mating speed. The absence of mate choice in natural populations ofDrosophila seems to us the most likely hypothesis on the basis of both theory and empirical evidence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01260939
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral analysis ofDrosophila courtship songs:D. melanogaster, D. simulans, and their interspecific hybrid (1988)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 18 (1988), S. 675-703 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: reproductive behavior ; pulse song ; sine song ; acoustic spectrum ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Digital signal processing methods have revealed spectral components inDrosophila melanogaster's andD. simulans' male courtship songs that had gone undetected in previous studies. We found that a bout of courtship hum (“sine song”) inD. simulans typically consists of a narrowband fundamental frequency, accompanied by second and third harmonics that can comprise a major fraction of the power in the signal. The pulse song spectra consisted of single broad-band peaks of highly variable frequencies, which, nevertheless, are characteristically different in these two species. Genetic elements of the newly discovered song components were examined by analysis of theD. melanogaster/D. simulans hybrid. Such males were found to be intermediate in production of sine song harmonics as well as in other parameters of courtship song, except for sine song and intrapulse frequency bandwidths, for which there may be dominant factors inD. simulans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01066850
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Components of fitness in a compound chromosome strain of Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 468-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Compound chromosomes ; Fitness ; Drosophila ; Assortative mating ; Pest control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The relative net fitness of a compound chromosome strain of Drosophila melanogaster was about 0.05, compared with the chromosomally normal strain from which it was derived. Based on meiotic considerations alone, the expected relative fitness was about 0.25. There were no significant differences in fertility between the compound and normal strains; the compound strain produced about 28% as many offspring as the normal strain and developed faster than the normal strain in two replicates, and slower in one replicate. The low relative fitness of the compound strain was apparently due to assortative mating, in which normal females discriminated strongly against compound males. Implications for pest control projects are dicussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276751
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of β1 and β3 tubulin genes of Drosophila melanogaster is spatially regulated during embryogenesis (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 211 (1988), S. 8-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: β tubulin genes ; Drosophila ; Mesoderm ; Neural system ; Oogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In Drosophila β tubulins are encoded by a small gene family and the four members of this family are differentially expressed. mRNAs transcribed from two of these genes, namely the β1 and β3 tubulin genes, are abundant during embryogenesis. While the β1 tubulin gene is constitutively expressed during development, β3 mRNA is restricted to two distinct phases: mid embryogenesis and metamorphosis. The transcription initiation sites are identical in both these stages and comparison of presumptive promoter regions reveals no extensive homologies between the genes. In situ localization shows β1 tubulin mRNA to be maternally expressed in the nurse cells of the egg chambers and evenly distributed during early embryogenesis. In contrast, during later stages of embryogenesis β1 tubulin transcripts are predominantly expressed in neural derivatives. The β3 tubulin gene expression is also spatially regulated, β3 mRNA being restricted to the mesoderm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338387
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molybdoenzymes in Drosophila. IV. Further characterization of the cinnamon phenotype (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 213 (1988), S. 505-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Molybdoenzymes ; cinnamon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mutations at the cin gene display drastically lowered levels of the molybdoenzymes, xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and aldehyde oxidase (AO), and lack pyridoxal oxidase (PO) and sulfite oxidase (SO) activities. Certain mutations at cin also display varying degrees of female sterility, which is maternally affected. Here we characterize five new cin alleles with respect to the molybdoenzyme activities as well as the molybdenum cofactor, commonly required for molybdoenzyme activity. In complementing cin heterozygotes we find that, in addition to the previously reported unusually high levels of XDH and AO activities, there are unusually elevated levels of SO activity, as well as complementation for PO activity. The levels of immunologically crossreacting material in such heterozygotes indicate that the elevated levels of molybdoenzyme activities cannot be due to increases in the number of enzyme molecules. Measurements of the level of molybdenum cofactor activity normally present in XDH, AO, PO, and SO point to the possibility that a larger fraction of the enzyme molecules are active in these heterozygotes. The possible role of SO with respect to cinnamon's female sterility is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339623
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppressible P-element alleles of the vestigial locus in Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 212 (1988), S. 370-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Cytotype ; Drosophila ; Gene expression ; P-element ; Vestigial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A series of P-element insertion mutations at one site in the vestigial (vg) locus was tested for cytotype dependent effects on vg expression. The mutant phenotypes for four P-element vg alleles were suppressed when the alleles were stabilized in the P-cytotype. The suppression was observed whenever repressor-producing P-elements were present in the genome. Genetic and molecular analysis indicated that the suppression is not due to excision or other irreversible alterations of the inserts. The results are consistent with a model in which somatic P-element repressor binding to the ends of P-element inserts can modify the effects of these inserts on target gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334709
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retention of autonomous replicating plasmids in cultured Drosophila cells (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 213 (1988), S. 359-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Autonomous replication ; Drosophila ; Plasmid retention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Six kinds of autonomously replicating sequences (ARSs) derived from Drosophila or tobacco were inserted into the vector pDSV, constructed with pSV2-gpt and the copia long terminal repeat (LTR). The resulting ARS-containing plasmids, pDSV-ARSs, were transfected into the cultured Drosophila cells of GM1 S1cl1. Most of the plasmids remained for about 2 weeks and some for about 1 month in these cells. The retention time of the plasmid was not directly correlated with autonomously replicating activity of ARSs detected in the yeast. Two plasmids, one carrying ARS of Drosophila nuclear DNA and the other carrying tobacco DNA, showed the longest retention time in transformed cells and replication was confirmed in these cells. Some of these long lived plasmids were recovered, however, as modified forms. Other plasmids had disappeared 1 month after transfection. Two months following transfection, none of plasmids were recovered but they were detected in nuclear DNA as the integrated form. The integration patterns in all the cells transformed by different kinds of ARS-containing plasmids were similar to each other, and to the distribution pattern of copia LTR in the genome. These results suggest that copia LTR sequences contained in the pDSV-ARSs may participate in the integration process of these plasmids into Drosophila DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339603
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular studies on interspersed repetitive and unique sequences in the region of the complementation group uncoordinated on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 213 (1988), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Uncoordinated gene ; Repetitive DNA ; Type 1 insertion sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The technique of chromosome walking was used to isolate approximately 60 kb of DNA from the region containing the complementation group uncoordinated of Drosophila melanogaster, located in that part of the X chromosome which spans the euchromatin-heterochromatin junction. The cloned DNA can be divided into two distinct regions. The first contains sequences that are low copy number or unique and are largely conserved between strains. The second region is characterized by units repeated in tandem arrays and is polymorphic within, and between, strains. Each repetitive unit is separated by a member of an abundant sequence family, part of which is homologous to the ribosomal type 1 insertion sequence of D. melanogaster. The molecular organization of the cloned DNA was compared with that of sequences isolated from regions of intercalary heterochromatin and also with genes which have been characterized from more conventional euchromatic regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333399
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myofibril form and function: New insights from the molecular genetic approach (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 145 (1988), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Myofibril assembly ; Contractile proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349349
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biota and abiotic environment in the Westerschelde estuary (1988)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 22 (1988), S. 31-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: estuaries ; tidal mixing ; suspended matter ; sedimentation ; nitrogen ; plankton ; benthos
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An estuary such as the Westerschelde is a highly dynamic environment, both on an ecological time scale where climatic and hydrodynamic forces, mainly the tides, shape a very variable environment and on a geological, evolutionary time scale, since estuaries are young and very unstable habitats. Low species diversity and high adaptability of the resident animal and plant populations are characteristic of estuarine habitats where large fluctuations in submersion, salinity, temperature etc. occur. The existing biota are therefore resilient to environmental stress and effects of the important influx of anorganic and organic pollutants from the river Schelde and its tributaries on the biota in the estuary are not easy to detect. Although water movement and sedimentation patterns in the Westerschelde are relatively well known, there exists little information on important ecological processes such as primary production and heterotrophic metabolism in the estuary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256779
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation of the amino acid scores and of the nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors in barley grain as a function of nitrogen content as compared with wheat and rye (1988)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 38 (1988), S. 175-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: barley ; Triticeae ; grain ; amino acid composition ; nitrogen ; chemical score
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Barley grains (9 samples from 7 cultivars) with nitrogen contents (N) ranging from 1.45 to 4.01% of dry matter were analysed for their amino acid (AA) composition with high accuracy from six different hydrolysates per sample. AA levels in grain increased as linear functions ofN with correlation coefficients close to unity. A comparison with literature data confirmed that the AA composition of any grain sample of normal barley can be predicted from itsN for all phenotypes and genotypes. AAs in grain protein changed as hyperbolic functions ofN which increased for Phe, Pro and Glx but more or less strongly decreased for the other AAs. By plotting AA scores againstN, barley proteins were shown to be always richer than wheat and rye in Val and Phe + Tyr; sometimes richer than both other species forN〈2 (Lys); 2.2 (Leu and Ile); 3.4 (Thr); sometimes intermediate to wheat and rye above the latterN values. They were also intermediate in sulphur AAs forN〈1.9 and drastically poorer forN〉1.9. However, they were richer than both other species in Trp forN〉1.6. The hyperbolic variations of non-protein nitrogen and nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors were determined as a function ofN and also compared with those of wheat and rye.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01091722
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of cytoplasmically transferred mitochondrial DNA in female germlines of Drosophila and its propagation in the progeny (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 211 (1988), S. 381-385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA ; Restriction-site heteroplasmy ; Transmission genetics ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The composition of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was analyzed in single female flies that developed from fertilized Drosophila melanogaster eggs, into which germ plasm of D. simulans had been introduced. HpaII cleavage patterns showed that all 12 individual female flies examined had developed from eggs in which 37%–71% of the total mtDNA was D. simulans mtDNA (Ds mtDNA) and the rest was D. melanogaster mtDNA (Dm mtDNA). The stability of this heteroplasmic state in these isofemale lines was monitored for seven generations at both individual and population levels. Results showed that the heteroplasmy of Dm and Ds mtDNAs was stably transmitted for at least three generations at the population level, but showed stochastic segregation at the individual level. After 4–6 generations, all individuals lost Ds mtDNA. The mechanisms of preferential loss of Ds mtDNA and of transmission of heteroplasmic mtDNA to descendants are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425689
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and germline transformation of the ribosomal protein rp21 gene of Drosophila: Complementation analysis with the Minute QIII locus reveals nonidentity (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 213 (1988), S. 354-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Minute ; Ribosomal protein ; Transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Minute loci represent a class of about 50 different Drosophila genes that appear to be functionally related. These genes may code for components of the protein synthetic apparatus. While one Minute locus has been recently shown to code for a ribosomal protein, it is not yet known whether any of the other Minute loci also code for ribosomal proteins. We have addressed this question by a combined molecular and genetic approach. In this report, a cloned DNA encoding the ribosomal protein rp21 is partially characterized. The rp21 gene maps to the same region (region 80 of chromosome 3L) as the temperature-sensitive Minute QIII gene. Using P-element mediated transformation, the rp21 gene was transformed into the germline of Drosophila. RNA blot experiments revealed that the transformed gene is expressed in transgenic flies. However, genetic complementation analysis indicated that the QIII locus and the rp21 gene are not identical. Implications of these findings for the relationship between Minutes and ribosomal protein genes are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339602
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen mineralization ofSesbania sesban used as green manure for lowland rice in Sri Lanka (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 108 (1988), S. 201-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: decomposition ; green manure ; litterbag ; nitrogen ; paddy rice ; Sesbania sesban ; Sri Lanka
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sesbania sesban was evaluated as green manure crop for lowland rice in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka. The legume was grown during a fallow period before lowland rice (Oryza sativa) and ploughed under just before transplanting. Weight loss and nitrogen content in litterbags containing leaves, stems and roots of the legume were monitored. Comparisons were made between rice yields from 20 m2 plots after green manuring in combination with different nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 gm−2) and nitrogen fertilizer (9.6 gm−2) alone. Above-ground biomass ofS. sesban was 440 gm−2 (dry wt) when ploughed under after 84 days growth. N-content in leaves, stems and roots was 3.76%, 0.41% and 0.73%, respectively. This gave a N-input fromS. sesban of 9.2 gm−2 (8.3 g from above-ground parts and 0.9 g from roots). The corresponding K and P inputs were 7.3 and 0.6 gm−2 respectively. The nitrogen rich leaves, which contained 88% of the nitrogen in the above-ground parts, decomposed and released its nitrogen much more rapidly than the stems and roots. After only four days the leaves had released 5.3 g Nm−2 and after 14 days they had released 6.4 g Nm−2. The highest rice yield (505 gm−2) was obtained usingS. sesban and 4.8 gm−2 of N-fertilizer. The yields with only N-fertilizer or onlyS. sesban were 442 gm−2 and 396 gm−2, respectively. Due to the rapid decomposition of the nitrogen rich leaves,S. sesban did not behave as a slow release fertilizer. Thus, it is not necessary to apply nitrogen fertilizers as a basal dose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02375650
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    C, N, and S mineralization of crop residues as influenced by crop species and nutrient regime (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 106 (1988), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: carbon ; crop residue ; mineralization ; nitrogen ; organic matter ; sulfur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The mineralization of C, N, and S from residues of three different crop species (wheat, lentil, and rape) grown under diverse nutritional regimes was measured over a 12-week incubation period under controlled conditions. The rate of decomposition, as measured by CO2 evolution, varied considerably among treatments and appeared to be controlled almost entirely by N content of the residue (R2=0.98). Similarly, N mineralization was strongly tied to N concentration. The critical N concentration, below which significant immobilization of N occurred, declined over time, ranging from 1.9% at day 14 to 1.1% at day 84. Mineralization of S was positively correlated with initial S concentration (R2=0.95) and negatively related to N concentration, apparently because of a dilution effect. The results demonstrate that decomposition and N and S mineralization of crop residues, under conditions prevalent in the experiment, are primarily a function of their nutrient concentrations rather than biochemial composition related to crop species. As a result, it should be possible to enhance rate of residue decomposition, increase quantities of N and S mineralized, and avert detrimental immobilization losses in the following year by governing the nutritional regime under which the crop is grown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371192
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lignin and nitrogen in the decomposition of leaf litter in a sub-tropical forest ecosystem at Shiroy hills in north-eastern India (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 106 (1988), S. 59-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: decomposition ; lignin ; litter ; nitrogen ; sub-tropical-forest
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of the initial lignin and nitrogen contents of the leaves of five tree species, on their decomposition dynamics, was studied in the sub-tropical forest ecosystem existing at Shiroy hills. The decomposition dynamics of litter materials are described by inverse linear relationships between the percentage of the original biomass remaining and the nitrogen concentration in the residual material. Initial lignin and nitrogen were highly correlated with remaining biomass (r=0.94 and 0.77). The rate constants (K), for the annual leaf mass loss, ranged from −0.18 to −0.56. The values for initial lignin (%), initial nitrogen (%), the ratio between initial lignin, initial nitrogen and the annual decomposition rate constants were compared with similar results from other studies in various climatic zones of the world.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371195
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of ion-exchange resin bags for measuring nutrient availability in an arid ecosystem (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 105 (1988), S. 105-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: chronosequence ; desert ; ion-exchange resins ; mineralization ; nitrogen ; nutrient availability ; phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Anin situ resin bag technique was used to measure the relative availabilities of N and P along a chronosequence of soils in southern New Mexico, and was compared to two more common indices of nutrient availability. Accumulations of N and P during 10-week intervals over an 18 month period were separable into wet season (September–January) and dry season (February–August) groups, with wet season values significantly greater than dry season values. Only accumulations during the wet season showed significant differences among sites, thus stressing the role of field water regime in interpreting resin accumulation results. Total mineral N (NO3+NH4) sorbed by resins was significantly correlated to laboratory N mineralization rates. Although accumulation patterns of N and P were similar to patterns of %N and %P in shrub species growing along the chronosequence, these similarities were not statistically significant. A laboratory experiment demonstrated that bicarbonate-form anion resins are preferable to hydroxyl-form resins, as long as standards are made from solutions extracted by resins to account for variable ion recovery efficiencies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371147
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformations of carbon and nitrogen in a Calciorthid soil amended with a range of organic residues (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 105 (1988), S. 205-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: extractable carbon ; fulvic acids ; humic acids ; humification ; mineralization ; nitrogen ; oxidizable carbon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A calcareous soil was treated with an organic fertilizer mixture of grape debris and peat, or with pig manure, chicken manure, city refuse or with aerobic or anaerobic sewage sludges. Changes in different fractions of carbon and nitrogen were followed by analysis of the soil, immediately after these additions, after they had decomposed for six months in the soil, after a maize harvest, and after a subsequent barley harvest. The various forms of carbon had decreased after six months. The rate of decrease varied with the nature of the organic materials. In all samples, the fulvic acids fraction decreased most. The main transformations happened during the first six months whether there was a crop growing or not, but the crops had no influence on the breakdown of the organic materials. The ratio of humic acids/fulvic acids had increased after six months of humification and, in general terms, the final values of the ratio oxidizable carbon/extractable carbon were lower than the initial ones, indicating a higher degree of humification in the organic matter by the end of the experiment. The total nitrogen level remained practically constant after the first six months of humification even after the second crop. Part of the organic nitrogen of the soil samples amended with chicken manure, city refuse or the two sludges was transformed into mineral nitrogen during the humification process. The extractable nitrogen values increased because of the fertilizer applied during the pot trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02376784
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effectiveness of some Indonesian strains of Rhizobium on four tropical legumes (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 108 (1988), S. 171-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Legume growth ; nitrogen ; nodulation ; Rhizobium strains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Nodules were collected from 14 legume species from the Indonesian Islands of South Sulawesi, Java and Sumatra. Their rhizobia were isolated and growth characteristics, nodulation ability and nitrogen fixing effectiveness were assessed against recommended commercially available Australian strains. The test legumes wereMacroptilium atropurpureum Urb. cv. Siratro,Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv Eureka,Centrosema pubescens Benth cv. Belalto andDesmodium heterocarpon (L) DC. A significant portion of the native rhizobial isolates were of the fast growing type. Dry matter and total nitrogen production forM. atropurpureum andV. unguiculata was highest when inoculated with native strains while the commerical strains produced superior dry matter production forC. pubescens andD. heterocarpon. However the total nitrogen production of native and commercial strains was not significantly different for the latter two legumes. The study indicated that a potential exists for developing inocula from local Rhizobium strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370112
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection of lucerne roots in a cellulose-amended soil (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 112 (1988), S. 99-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: biological control ; cellulose ; nitrogen ; VAM fungi ; VAM symbiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Lucerne plants inoculated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were grown in pots in a sandy soil amended or not amended with cellulose. Whatever the endophyte or cellulose sources used, the rate of VAM colonization was lower in amended soil. The inhibition of VAM infection increased with the cellulose concentration in the soil. Sequential harvest experiments showed a clear reduction of root colonization from the early stages of plant growth. The effectiveness of cellulose in reducing VAM colonization was influenced by the addition of N fertilizer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181758
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of root pruning of wheat at different nitrogen levels (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 109 (1988), S. 128-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: nitrogen ; root pruning ; shoot ; root ratio ; Thornley's model ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In two experiments, wheat plants growing in solutions of different nitrogen concentration were subjected to root pruning. In higher concentrations of nitrogen the growth rate was higher, and the proportional allocation of growth to shoot higher, but pruning did not affect the allocation of growth at either level of nitrogen. This result gives no support to Thornley's source-sink model of the control of shoot: root ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197591
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rice straw decomposition in rice-field soil (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 109 (1988), S. 145-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: biomass ; carbon ; decomposition ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; rice straw
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Rice straw, buried in a rice-field during the dry season decomposed at a rate of 0.0075 day-1. Seventy five percent of the biomass, 70 percent carbon, 50 percent nitrogen and 30 percent phosphorus remained after 139 days of decomposition. Rice straw decomposition furnished 33% N and 8% P of the total nitrogen and phosphorus provided by man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197596
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Derivation of critical nutrient concentrations for growth rate from data from field experiments (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 109 (1988), S. 159-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Brassica oleracea vargemmifera ; Brussels sprout ; model ; nitrate ; nitrogen ; sap ; simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Present methods for determining critical nutrient concentrations in plants and soils are unsatisfactory if concentrations change with time while the crop is growing. In such cases the critical concentration can only be applied in relation to growth rate at any given moment. For interpreting field experiments this introduces considerable difficulties: two possible approaches to these problems are suggested, one of which uses a simple simulation model. Results from a Brussels sprout nitrogen experiment are used to show how, using this approach, a single critical sap nitrate concentration (380 mg NO3 N.l−1 for 95% of potential growth rate) may serve to explain the results at all growth stages in three seasons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02202080
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microcosm study of nitrogen utilization in the Great Salt Lake, Utah (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 158 (1988), S. 89-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: halophiles ; hypersalinity ; Great Salt Lake ; microcosm ; nitrogen ; ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Microcosms were used to study the effects of two inorganic nitrogen sources (ammonia and nitrate) and two organic nitrogen sources (urea and glutamic acid) on the growth of algae and bacteria found in the Great Salt Lake, Utah. Ammonia, nitrate and urea stimulated bacterial growth indirectly through increased algal production of unknown organic substances. Glutamic acid, representing readily available organic carbon and nitrogen, stimulated the bacteria directly. No nitrification was observed in the microcosms although nitrite was found when the microcosms were supplemented with nitrate. Lake sediment contained a number of anaerobic bacteria producing hydrogen sulfide, methane and other gases. Production of these gases was stimulated in the columns with high algal and bacterial activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026268
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrient-phytoplankton relationships in a tropical meromictic soda lake (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 158 (1988), S. 15-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Nutrients ; phosphorus ; nitrogen ; phytoplankton ; Lake Sonachi ; Kenya
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seasonal variation through one year in total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), phytoplankton biomass, phytoplankton species composition and other environmental factors were examined in Lake Sonachi, a tropical meromictic soda lake. Mean concentrations of TN and TP were 11 000 µg N l-1 and 100 µg P l-1, respectively. Maximum concentrations of TN and TP occurred in the monimolimnion. Phytoplankton biomass ranged from 350 to 1260 mg m-3. Synechococcus bacillaris, a small coccoid cyanophyte, dominated the phytoplankton. The mean chlorophyll a concentration of 37 mg · m-3 was a modest value when compared with those of other tropical soda lakes. High TN:TP ratios indicated phosphorus limitation in the lake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026265
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of indicators of nitrogen limitation in deep prairie lakes with laboratory bioassays and limnocorrals (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 159 (1988), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: blue-green algae ; prairie lakes ; limnocorrals ; nitrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The deep lakes in central Alberta are characterized by relatively high total nitrogen (TN) to total phosphorus (TP) ratios (33 to 64, by weight) and high TP (10 to 100 µg 1−1) in the euphotic zone in summer. These same lakes show indications of nitrogen limitation: (1) blue-green algae are relatively important in summer (7 to 88% of total biomass) and a large proportion of the filaments contain heterocysts and (2) inorganic nitrogen levels are extremely low in the surface waters (NO inf2 sup− + NO inf3 sup− + NH inf4 sup+ − N 〈 10 µg 1−1). In 1985 and 1986 inorganic nitrogen (25 to 1200 µg 1−1 − N) and/or phosphorus (12 to 100 µg 1−1 − P) was added to water in 31 m3 limnocorrals or 21 bottles from four deep prairie lakes. In most cases, phytoplankton biomass (estimated as chlorophyll a) was stimulated only by phosphorus additions. However, for a short period (8 d) after an unusual storm, phytoplankton biomass was stimulated by nitrogen additions. After this storm, TP increased by up to 75% in the epilimnion of the study lakes whereas TN did not increase. The algae which increased in these experiments tended to be the dominant algae in the control vessels, which varied with the experiment and the lake. Thus, a large proportion of blue-green algae and low inorganic nitrogen levels are not indicative per se of nitrogen limitation in lakes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008240
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing nitrate depletion in a rural stream (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 160 (1988), S. 111-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: denitrification ; mass balance ; nitrogen ; streams ; water residence time ; water temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A mass balance procedure was used to analyze rates of nitrate depletion in three adjacent reaches of West Duffin Creek, Ontario, Canada. Daily nitrate losses in individual reaches were highly variable (0.5–24 kg N) during low and moderate stream flows in May–October, 1982–1985. Nitrate removal efficiency (nitrate loss as a % of nitrate input) showed a rapid exponential decline with increased nitrate inputs to each reach. Nitrate losses and nitrate removal efficiency also had a significant negative correlation with stream discharge. The association of large nitrate loads with high stream discharge reduced the nitrate removal capacity of the stream because of shorter residence times and a higher ratio of water volume to stream bed area. Water temperature exhibited a significant positive correlation with nitrate loss which may reflect increased denitrification at higher temperatures. Variations in nitrate losses and nitrate removal efficiency between the three reaches were highly influenced by differences in water residence time. Standarized nitrate losses with respect to water residence time revealed a longitudinal decline in nitrate depletion between the reaches which was associated with a downstream decrease in stream nitrate concentration and in the organic carbon content of fine textured sediments from pool habitats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00015474
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth regulation of Scots pine seedlings with different fertilizer compositions and regimes (1988)
    Springer
    New forests 2 (1988), S. 119-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: Pinus sylvestris ; fertilization ; nitrogen ; potassium ; phosphorus ; outplanting performance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings were grown in containers filled with peat, using two different fertilizers and three different fertilizer regimes. Seedling shoot and root growth and shoot content of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus were followed in the nursery and after outplanting in the field. Attempts to regulate growth rate by an exponential nutrient supply were not successful, but the root/shoot ratio was influenced by the fertilization regime. Internal nitrogen concentration was stable only for seedlings with low relative growth rate, while seedlings with high nutrient supply in the nursery showed strong nutrient dilution in the shoot after planting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027763
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) to some different fertilizers applied at planting (1988)
    Springer
    New forests 2 (1988), S. 89-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5095
    Keywords: slow release fertilizers ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; nutrient uptake ; planting stock ; growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Four fertilization at planting experiments were conducted with Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) on eastern Vancouver Island. In experiment 1 Agriform (20-10-5, AGR) and Osmocote (17-7-12, OSM) supplied N at 0, 4.2, 8.4, 16.8 or 33.6 g/tree either broadcast, within 15 cm of the tree, or in a hole 15 cm from the tree (adjacent). In experiment 2 AGR, diammonium phosphate (21-55-0, DAP), ammonium sulphate (21-0-0, AMS), sulphur coated urea (35-0-0, SCU) supplied N at 0, 8.4, 16.8 and 25.2 g/tree. Triple superphosphate (0-45-0, TSP) supplied P at the same levels as DAP: 0, 9.6, 19.2 and 28.8 g/tree. In experiment 3 AGR and SCU (32-0-0) supplied N at 0, 8.4 and 16.8 g/tree. In experiment 4 DAP was used to fertilize trees on five different dates, between March and October, and each treatment supplied 16 g N/tree. Two-year old, bare root, planting stock was used except in experiment 3, where container stock was compared with bare root stock. Little growth response was obtained after one year, but height growth responses of 12 to 31% were measured after 3 to 6 years with fertilizers supply 8.4 to 16.8 g N per tree. Growth responses were little affected by the type of fertilizer and were primarily due to N, with release rate having no marked effect. The exception to this was TSP which did not increase growth but did increase survival. Survival was reduced by AMS and to a lesser extent by AGR. Container seedlings responded more to fertilization at planting than bare root seedlings. Seedling N, P and K concentrations and contents declined following planting for 6 months and only started to recover after July. Application of fertilizer caused a small increase in seedling nutrient concentration regardless of date, but this had no detectable effect on dry weight measured six weeks later.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027761
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ecology of deepwater rice-fields in Bangladesh 5. Mineral composition of the rice plant and other aquatic macrophytes (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 169 (1988), S. 57-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Mineral composition ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; aquatic macrophyte ; deepwater rice ; Meghna ; Azolla pinnata ; Eichhornia ; Alternanthera phyloxeroides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mineral composition of deepwater rice (cultivar Kartik Sail) was studied during 1986 in a field near Sonargaon, Bangladesh, which is flooded by water from R. Meghna. Samples were taken four times, once prior to flooding and three times during the flood season. On two of the latter days (10 August = end of first flood peak, 23 September = second flood peak) the study was extended to other components of the ecosystem (sediments + soil, water, other aquatic macrophytes). On 23 September, 32% of the mass of the plant was out of water, 65% in water and 3% in sediment/soil. There were marked differences between elements in their pattern of accumulation by deepwater rice through the season. In comparison with the final totals for each element, about 48% of N, but only 11% of P and 10% of Na had been accumulated by the time the floodwater had arrived. The aquatic roots doubled in mass between the times of the two flood peaks and it is suggested that much of the P taken up by the plant may reach the plant via its aquatic roots after having becoming mobilized and released to the water when sediments become anaerobic. In comparison with other parts of the plant, Na was always much higher in the stem and Zn in the basal roots. Other aquatic macrophytes (‘weeds’) increased from 0.40% of the mass (dry weight) of deepwater rice on 10 August to 4.0% on 23 September. However their content of each element (% dry weight) was considerably higher than that in deepwater rice, so they may at times compete effectively with the rice for nutrients. During the flood period (to 23 September) weeds accumulated 16% of the N accumulated by rice during the same period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00007933
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of C, N, P and S in grassland soils: a model (1988)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 5 (1988), S. 109-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: soil organic matter ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; sulfur ; simulation ; grasslands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We have developed a model to simulate the dynamics of C, N, P, and S in cultivated and uncultivated grassland soils. The model uses a monthly time step and can simulate the dynamics of soil organic matter over long time periods (100 to 10,000 years). It was used to simulate the impact of cultivation (100 years) on soil organic matter dynamics, nutrient mineralization, and plant production and to simulate soil formation during a 10,000 year run. The model was validated by comparing the simulated impact of cultivation on soil organic matter C, N, P, and S dynamics with observed data from sites in the northern Great Plains. The model correctly predicted that N and P are the primary limiting nutrients for plant production and simulated the response of the system to inorganic N, P, and S fertilizer. Simulation results indicate that controlling the C:P and C:S ratios of soil organic matter fractions as functions of the labile P and S levels respectively, allows the model to correctly simulate the observed changes in C:P and C:S ratios in the soil and to simulate the impact of varying the labile P and S levels on soil P and S net mineralization rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02180320
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrient uptake by barley roots under field conditions (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 109 (1988), S. 171-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Black Solod ; inflow ; magnesium ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; root efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A field study with barley was conducted in 1984 and 1985 to provide data on uptake rates of N, P, K and Mg and their variation as the growing season progressed. Two varieties were grown: Galt in 1984 and Otal in 1985. Soil fertility was maintained at or near optimum conditions. Samples were obtained approximately every 10 days for shoot dry weight, nutrient content and root length measurements. The approximate method (Williams, 1948) traditionally used for calculating uptake rates was found to be invalid for most of the nutrients studied. The method used for measuring uptake rates was the functional approach proposed by Hunt (1973). Inflow,i.e. uptake rate per unit root length, of plant nutrients, decreased with time. However, maximum uptake rates measured in kg ha−1d−1 occurred at about 50 days from sowing because of increasing root length density with time. Inflow or uptake rates were low in 1985 because of moisture deficiency, and grain yield (0.89 t ha−1) was severely depressed. This study demonstrated that Hunt's method is superior and more advantageous than the traditional, approximate method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02202081
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen fixation, transfer and turnover in upland and lowland grass-clover swards, using15N isotope dilution (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 112 (1988), S. 247-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: isotope dilution ; 15N ; nitrogen ; nitrogen fixation ; nitrogen transfer ; ryegrass ; white clover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The stable isotope15N is particularly valuable in the field for measuring N fixation by isotope dilution. At the same time other soil-plant processes can be studied, including15N recovery, and nitrogen transfer between clover and grass. Three contrasting sites and soils were used in the present work: a lowland soil, an upland soil, and an upland peat. Nitrogen fixation varied from 12 gm−2 on lowland soil to 2.7 gm−2 on upland peat. Most N transfer occurred on upland soil (4.2 gm−2) which, added to nitrogen fixed, made a total of 8.7 gm2 input during summer 1985.15N recovery for the whole experiment was small, around 25%. Measurement of dead and dying leaves, stubble and roots, suggests that plant organ death is the first stage in N transfer from white clover to ryegrass, through the decomposer cycle. Decomposition was fastest on lowland soils, slowest on peat. On lowland soil this decomposer nitrogen is apparently subverted before transfer, probably by soil microbes. Variations in natural abundance of15N in plants were found in the two species on the different soils. These might be used to measure nitrogen fixation without adding isotope, but the need for many replicates and repeat samples would limit throughput.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02140002
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The response ofPlantago lanceolata L. andP. major L. spp.major to nitrate depletion (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 107 (1988), S. 197-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: nitrate ; nitrate reductase activity ; nitrogen ; nitrogen use efficiency ; osmotic solutes ; Plantago lanceolata ; Plantago major ; redistribution ; sugars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract To study aspects of the ecology of grassland species, in a comparative experiment, plants ofP. lanceolata andP. major were grown in pots in a greenhouse, and subjected to a gradual nitrate depletion for several weeks. Control plants were weekly supplied with nitrate. Growth, leaf appearance and disappearance, concentrations of cations and inorganic anions, soluble and insoluble reduced nitrogen concentrations,in vivo nitrate reductase activity (NRA) and the concentration of non-structural carbohydrates in several parts of the plants were followed. Depletion of nitrate caused a reduction of shoot growth, both in biomass and number of leaves. Withering of leaves increased. Accumulation of root dry matter was little (P. lanceolata), or not (P. major) affected. The concentration of reduced nitrogen in all tissues also decreased, both that of the soluble and that of the insoluble fraction. As a result, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE, g dry matter produced per mmol N incorporated) increased by nitrate depletion. NRA was higher in the roots than in the leaves, and decreased with increasing nitrate depletion. In control plants, nitrate became also limiting. This resulted in decreasing nitrate concentrations in leaves and roots. In the leaves, the decrease in nitrate concentration was preceded by a decrease in NRA. The decrease of the nitrate concentration was parallelled by an increase in the concentration of soluble sugar. No major differences in the response towards nitrate depletion were observed between the two species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370547
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant and soil nitrogen dynamics in California annual grassland (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 110 (1988), S. 9-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: grassland ; Mediterranean ; microbial biomass ; nitrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Seasonal changes in soil water and nitrogen availability were related to the phenology and growth of plants in California annual grassland. Plant accumulation of nitrogen was mainly confined to two short periods of the year: fall and early spring. At these times, plants were in the vegetative growth phase, roots were growing rapidly and soil moisture was high. During these periods, soil nitrate was low or depleted. High flux of nitrogen in this ecosystem, however, is indicated by the rapid disappearance of the previous year's detrital material, high microbial biomass, and high mineralizable nitrogen and nitrification potential. At the end of the summer drought, significant amounts of the previous year's detrital material had disappeared, chloroform-labile N (expressed as microbial biomass N) was at its seasonal maximum, and soil inorganic nitrogen pools were high. This suggests inorganic nitrogen flux during the drought period. The ‘drought escaper’ life history characteristics of annual grasses in California annual grassland, however, may prevent plants from utilizing available nitrogen during a large part of the year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143533
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrient release from decomposing foliar litter of three tree species with spicial reference to calcium, magnesium and potassium dynamics (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 110 (1988), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acer rubrum ; calcium ; cations ; Cornus florida ; decomposition ; litter ; magnesium ; nitrogen ; nutrient release ; phosphorous ; potassium ; Quercus prinus ; sulfur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Calcium, magnesium and potassium dynamics in decomposing litter of three tree species were measured over a two-year period. The speices studied were flowering dogwood (Cornus florida), red maple (Acer rubrum) and chestnut oak (Quercus prinus). The order of decomposition was:C. florida〉A. rubrum〉Q. prinus. Calcium concentrations increased following any initial leaching losses. However, there were net releases of Ca from all three litter types since mass loss exceeded the increases in concentration. Net release of Ca by the end of two years from all three species combined was 42% of initial inputs in litterfall. Magnesium concentrations increased in the second year, following decreases due to leaching during the first year inC. florida andA. rubrum litter. Net release of Mg by the end of two years was 58% of initial inputs. Potassium concentrations decreased rapidly and continued to decline throughout the study. Net release of K by the end of two years was 91% of initial inputs. These data on cation dynamics, and similar data on N, S and P dynamics from a previous study, were combined with annual litterfall data to estimate the release of selected nutrients from foliar litter of these tree species at the end of one and two years of decomposition. The relative mobility of all six elements examined in relation to mass loss after two years was; K〉Mg〉mass〉Ca〉S〉P〉N.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143538
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of residual N effect of faba bean and pea on two succeeding cereals using15N methodology (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 110 (1988), S. 81-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: isotope dilution method ; 15N ; N2 fixation ; nitrogen ; Pisum sativum ; residue ; rhizobium ; Vicia faba L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A field experiment was conducted using15N methodology to study the effect of cultivation of faba bean (Vicia faba L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on the N status of soil and their residual N effect on two succeeding cereals (sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) followed by barley). Faba bean, pea and barley took up 29.6, 34.5 and 53.0 kg N ha−1 from the soil, but returned to soil through roots only 11.3, 10.8 and 5.7 kg N ha−1, respectively. Hence, removal of faba bean, pea and barley straw resulted in a N-balance of about −18, −24, and −47 kg ha−1 respectively. A soil nitrogen conserving effect was observed following the cultivation of faba bean and pea compared to barley which was of the order of 23 and 18 kg N ha−1, respectively. Cultivation of legumes resulted in a significantly higher AN value of the soil compared to barley. However, the AN of the soil following fallow was significantly higher than following legumes, implying that the cultivation of the legumes had depleted the soil less than barley but had not added to the soil N compared to the fallow. The beneficial effect of legume cropping also was reflected in the N yield and dry matter production of the succeeding crops. Cultivation of legumes led to a greater exploitation of soil N by the succeeding crops. Hence, appreciable yield increases observed in the succeeding crops following legumes compared to cereal were due to a N-conserving effect, carry-over of N from the legume residue and to greater uptake of soil N by the succeeding crops when previously cropped to legumes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02143543
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of hydrological fluctuations on the growth and nutrient dynamics ofPhalaris arundinacea L. in a riparian environment (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 112 (1988), S. 53-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: carbon ; flood plain ; macrophytes ; nitrogen ; nutrient cycling ; Phalaris arundinacea ; phosphorus ; potassium ; wate table
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Seasonal changes in aboveground and belowground tissues ofPhalaris arundinacea L. were studied in a population colonizing an ancient meander of the Garonne river (France) submitted to important fluctuations of the permanent water table. Waterlogged conditions in spring stopped the growth of rhizomes and promoted the translocation of nutrient to the shoots. The early senescence of plants after flowering could be related to the withdrawal of the water table. It was characterized by a distribution of nutrients in belowground tissues and a release in litter and soil. Aerated conditions in late summer permitted the growth of belowground tissues. At this time a partition of resources between aboveground and belowground biomass of a new generation of plants was observed. Rising water and decreasing temperatures in winter induced the death of aboveground parts. Reconstitution of nutrient stocks in rhizomes and losses by leaching then occured. Beside a very high primary production this strategy confers toPhalaris arundinacea a great interest in different uses, especially in the removal of nutrients from water in riparian zones as in artificial sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181752
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response surface analysis of the effects of seeding rates, N-rates and irrigation frequencies on durum wheat I. Grain yield and yield components (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 17 (1988), S. 197-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Durum ; grain yield ; irrigation ; modoc ; nitrogen ; response surface model ; seeding rate ; Triticum turgidum ; yield components
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Interactive effects of nitrogen (N) rates, seeding (S) rates and irrigation frequencies on grain yield and yield components of durum wheat were studied for four years under field conditions at Tulelake, California. Each year the experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with 4 irrigation frequencies as main plots and combinations of 5 N-rates (0 to 360 kg/ha) and 5 S-rates (50 to 250 kg/ha) as subplot treatments replicated 4 times. A quadratic response surface model (RSM) was used to study the effects of these treatments on grain yield and yield components (tillers/area, kernel number/spike, kernel weight/spike and 100-seed weight). The RSM was very effective for analysis and data reduction for estimating the optimum combinations of N and S for maximizing the grain yield and yield components. The N utilization and uptake efficiency increased with each irrigation treatment and peaked at irrigation treatment C. Both N and uptake utilization efficiency decreased with each increment of N-rate. In most cases, the effect of irrigation was independent of N and S. One irrigation at tillering increased grain yield and yield components significantly over only a preplant irrigation. The response of additional irrigations were comparatively small and significant only in some cases. Both N and S had significant effects on grain yield and yield components, however, the response of N was larger than that of S. With increasing N-rate, grain yield and tiller number increased with the expected peak beyond 360kg N ha−1 but the increments beyond 180 kg N ha−1 were of progressively smaller magnitude. The kernel number and kernel weight per spike also increased with N-rate giving a peak between 270 and 360 kg N ha−1. With increasing S grain yield and tiller number/area increased while kernel number and kernel weight per spike decreased progressively. It was impossible to maximize yield and yield components at a given combination of N, S, and irrigation. According to the model, grain yield and tiller number were maximized at the highest level of N and S, while kernel number and kernel weight/spike were maximized at the lowest S (50 kg ha−1) and about 314 kg N ha−1 under adequate water supply. On the basis of the findings of this study and output of the model, 180–360 kg N ha−1, 150–250 kg S ha−1 and two post-sowing irrigations (at tillering and at boot stage) in addition to a preplant irrigation was recommended for optimum yield. An additional irrigation might be required depending on the weather conditions during the grain filling period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049578
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica II. Cacao and wood production, litter production and decomposition (1988)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 6 (1988), S. 37-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: Theobroma cacao ; shade trees ; Erythrina poeppigiana ; Cordia alliodora ; modelling ; organic matter ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; calcium ; magnesium ; litter production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract During 7 years (1979–1985) cacao harvests (beans and husks) have been recorded for the agroforestry systems ofTheobroma cacao underCordia alliodora andErythrina poeppigiana shade trees. The mean oven dry cacao yields were 626 and 712 kg.ha−1.a−1 cocoa beans underC. alliodora andE. poeppigiana respectively. Harvests have gradually increased over the years and the plantation has now reached maturity. Annual extraction of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in fruits, which is relatively small, was calculated on the basis of chemical analyses. The following average values were found (kg.ha−1.a−1): At the age of 8 years, theC. alliodora trees have reached 26.7 cm diameter (DBH) and 14.0 m in height. Mean annual growth (from age 5 to 7) is 14.6 m3.ha−1.a−1. Natural plant residue production has been measured for 4 years (Nov. 1981–Oct. 1985). UnderE. poeppigiana it has reached a value of 8.91 t.ha−1.a−1 and underC. alliodora 7.07 t.ha−1.a−1. The shade trees have contributed 57 and 47% respectively. Transference and decomposition rates are high and important in the nutrient cycles. The nutrient content of the litter was analysed and corresponding average yearly transfers were (kg.ha−1.a−1):
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344744
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermal conductivity of pure nitrogen and of mixtures of nitrogen and carbon dioxide at elevated temperatures and pressures (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 9 (1988), S. 3-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; high pressures ; mixtures ; nitrogen ; thermal conductivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal conductivities of nitrogen at 470 K and six mixtures of nitrogen and carbon dioxide at various temperatures have been measured as a function of pressure up to 25 MPa. The mixtures were measured at the following temperatures: one at 302 K, three at 380 K, one at 430 K, and one at 470 K. The data were used to test three prediction methods for the thermal conductivity of gas mixtures under pressure. Surprisingly good agreement was found with predictions using the corresponding-states method of Ely and Hanley. The predictions of the more theoretically based method of Mason et al. were low throughout, due partly to its use of the Hirschfelder-Eucken equation as the low-density limit, but also because the predicted density dependence rises too slowly. The simplified version of this method proposed by Svojskij gave slightly worse predictions, particularly at higher densities. The zero- density results for nitrogen are examined by comparing the zero-and first-density coefficients with the trends shown at lower temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00503996
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compressibility and sound velocity measurements on N2 up to 1 GPa (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 9 (1988), S. 103-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: adiabatic compressibility ; equation of state ; density ; high pressure ; isothermal compressibility ; nitrogen ; pVT ; sound velocity ; ultrasonics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A gas expansion technique has been used to determine the pVT properties of N2 up to 1 GPa at 298.15 K, with an accuracy of 0.08% in density, 1 mK in temperature, and 0.05%+0.2 MPa in pressure. The sound velocity has been measured by a phase-comparison pulse-echo technique between 123 and 298 K at intervals of 25 K and at pressures up to 1 GPa, with an accuracy of better than 0.02% in sound velocity, 10 mK in temperature, and 0.05%+0.2 MPa in pressure. An equation of state is presented that correlates the density data over the wide pressure range of 36–1000 MPa with maximum deviations between the calculated and the experimental densities of less than 0.05%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00504003
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New equations for enthalpy of vaporization from the triple point to the critical point (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 9 (1988), S. 567-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: alcohols ; alkanes ; carbon dioxide ; nitrogen ; propylene ; water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two new equations are proposed for the enthalpy of vaporization from the triple point to the critical point. One of these equations containing four parameters is exceptionally good for fitting the data. The other equation containing three parameters is quite adequate for fitting the data but it is exceptionally suited for interpolation when the data do not cover the entire range. These equations have been tested using the enthalpy of vaporization of water from the triple point to the critical point and are compared with other equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00503155
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica II. Cacao and wood production, litter production and decomposition (1988)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 6 (1988), S. 37-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: Theobroma cacao ; shade trees ; Erythrina poeppigiana ; Cordia alliodora ; modelling ; organic matter ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; calcium ; magnesium ; litter production
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract During 7 years (1979–1985) cacao harvests (beans and husks) have been recorded for the agroforestry systems ofTheobroma cacao underCordia alliodora andErythrina poeppigiana shade trees. The mean oven dry cacao yields were 626 and 712 kg.ha−1.a−1 cocoa beans underC. alliodora andE. poeppigiana respectively. Harvests have gradually increased over the years and the plantation has now reached maturity. Annual extraction of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in fruits, which is relatively small, was calculated on the basis of chemical analyses. The following average values were found (kg.ha−1.a−1): At the age of 8 years, theC. alliodora trees have reached 26.7 cm diameter (DBH) and 14.0 m in height. Mean annual growth (from age 5 to 7) is 14.6 m3.ha−1.a−1. Natural plant residue production has been measured for 4 years (Nov. 1981–Oct. 1985). UnderE. poeppigiana it has reached a value of 8.91 t.ha−1.a−1 and underC. alliodora 7.07 t.ha−1.a−1. The shade trees have contributed 57 and 47% respectively. Transference and decomposition rates are high and important in the nutrient cycles. The nutrient content of the litter was analysed and corresponding average yearly transfers were (kg.ha−1.a−1):
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220107
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica III. Cycles of organic matter and nutrients (1988)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 6 (1988), S. 49-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: Theobroma cacao ; shade trees ; Erythrina poeppigiana ; Cordia alliodora ; modelling ; organic matter ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; calcium ; magnesium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Models for cycles for organic matter and nutrients element (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) are presented for the agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) withCordia alliodora orErythrina poeppigiana in Turrialba, Costa Rica. For the models, system reserves (soil, humus, vegetation divided into leaves, branches, stems, fine roots, fruits) and transference between compartments (production and decomposition of litter residues) inputs (fertilizer, rainfall) and outputs (harvests) of the system are considered. The implications of the models are discussed in detail. Aspects of net primary production in the systems studied are considered. N fixation is calculated on the basis of balances. Analysis of soil water showed high variations that coincided with rainfall patterns and pruning of theE. poeppigiana.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220108
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) with laurel (Cordia alliodora) and poro (Erythrina poeppigiana) in Costa Rica III. Cycles of organic matter and nutrients (1988)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 6 (1988), S. 49-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: Theobroma cacao ; shade trees ; Erythrina poeppigiana ; Cordia alliodora ; modelling ; organic matter ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; calcium ; magnesium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Models for cycles for organic matter and nutrients element (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) are presented for the agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) withCordia alliodora orErythrina poeppigiana in Turrialba, Costa Rica. For the models, system reserves (soil, humus, vegetation divided into leaves, branches, stems, fine roots, fruits) and transference between compartments (production and decomposition of litter residues) inputs (fertilizer, rainfall) and outputs (harvests) of the system are considered. The implications of the models are discussed in detail. Aspects of net primary production in the systems studied are considered. N fixation is calculated on the basis of balances. Analysis of soil water showed high variations that coincided with rainfall patterns and pruning of theE. poeppigiana.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344745
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on spikelet sterility induced by low temperature at the reproductive stage of rice (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 109 (1988), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; rice ; low temperature ; reproductive stage ; flag leaf ; auricle distance ; spikelet sterility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Spikelet sterility induced by low temperature at the reproductive stage of rice increased further with the increase of nitrogen supply. Spikelet sterility in Fujisaka-5 did not increase due to low temperature when nitrogen supply was increased from 10 to 40 ppm and at 80 ppm nitrogen supply it was less affected than IR36. Total nitrogen content in the leaves increased with the increase of nitrogen supply and was forced to be associated with the spikelet sterility induced by low temperature. Based on auricle distance between the last two leaves, the most sensitive stage to low temperature damage differed in Fujisaka-5 and IR36. Spikelet sterility induced by low temperature for 10 days was very high in both the varieties and the effect of nitrogen was not clear. The effect of phosphorus on the spikelet sterility induced by low temperature at reproductive stage was not clear except that at the highest phosphorus (P) level (10 ppm) the spikelet sterility increased both in Fujisaka-5 and IR36. Spikelet sterility induced by low temperature at the reproductive stage of rice decreased with the increase of Potassium (K) supply in both Fujisaka-5 and IR36. With an increase of potassium supply, nitrogen (N) content decreased in the leaves and panicles and spikelet sterility induced by low temperature decreased with an increase of the K to N ratio in the leaves and panicles. The results suggest that potassium might play a major role to counteract the low temperature damage at the reproductive stage of rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197577
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparisons of primary production and nutrients absorption by aMiscanthus sinensis community in different soils (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 112 (1988), S. 143-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: absorption ; clay ; Miscanthus sinensis ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; primary production ; serpentine gangue ; standing biomass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Soil properties, primary production, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in aMiscanthus sinensis community on serpentine gangue area were compared with that on nonserpentine area. Soil water content, soil pH and nitrogen content were quite different between the serpentine gangue area and nonserpentine area; but phosphorus content of the soil was similar between the two sites. The maximum above-ground net production in the serpentine gangue and nonserpentine areas was 4.5±0.2 kg m−2 yr−1 and 7.8±0.2 kg m−2 yr−1, respectively. The total maximum standing biomass in the serpentine gangue and nonserpentine areas was 8.5±0.8 kg m−2 and 11.9±0.4 kg m−2, respectively. Nitrogen uptake by plants in the nonserpentine area was 2.4 times greater than that in the serpentine gangue area. Phosphorus uptake by plants were similar for the two sites. The most probable reasons for the small biomass produced by theMiscanthus sinensis community in this serpentine gangue area are the low levels of nitrogen and water availability in the soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181764
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineralization of N and P along a trophic gradient in a freshwater mire (1988)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 6 (1988), S. 31-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: nitrogen ; phosphorus ; mineralization ; productivity ; peatlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Release of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil of a peatland (fen) in The Netherlands was measured by means of an in situ incubation technique. Three sampling stations were chosen along a gradient in the plant productivity and water chemistry of the fen. The station with the highest biomass production was located near the ditch that supplied the fen with water in amounts matching water losses through evaporation and downward percolation to the groundwater. Water chemistry at this station strongly resembled that of the ditch water. The two stations remote from the ditch had much lower plant biomass, and significantly lower pH, conductivity, and calcium and bicarbonate concentrations. The vegetation at these two stations was characterized by a thick Sphagnum carpet. The release of inorganic N and P was much faster at the two stations remote from the ditch than at that located near the ditch. The differences in mineralization rate are probably due to the differences in water chemistry; phosphates are more soluble at low than at high pH. The fast N mineralization at stations with a thick Sphagnum carpet may be related to the chemical composition of Sphagnum litter. The difference in productivity is not explained by the N and P mineralization rates. Direct supply of N and P from the ditch are probably the main cause of the high productivity at the station bordering the ditch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00002931
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and weed control on nutritive quality of carrots (Daucus carota L.) (1988)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 38 (1988), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: carrots ; carotene ; T.S.S. ; herbicides ; nitrogen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The nutritive quality of carrots, obtained from different herbicide-treated plots and under different levels of nitrogen application ranging from zero to 80kg nitrogen/ha, was compared. There were significant differences in carotene content, T.S.S. (total soluble solids) and organolptic characteristics under the influence of different treatments. The maximum carotene content, T.S.S. and organoleptic characteristics were observed with the application of 80 kg. nitrogen/ha and fluchloralin herbicide at 0.90 and 1.20 kg/ha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01092312
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A qualitative analysis of some life-history correlates of longevity inDrosophila melanogaster (1988)
    Springer
    Evolutionary ecology 2 (1988), S. 85-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Keywords: Drosophila ; longevity ; mate tolerance ; body size ; flight ; life history
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Three likely traits were examined for their possible connection with increased life span in strains ofDrosophila melanogaster selected for longevity. First, pairing with males caused a substantial reduction in survival of females from the short-lived control strain but, long-lived females were relatively unaffected. A significant component of the improvement in selected females is, therefore, increased tolerance to the presence of mates. Females only slightly affected male survival in either long- or short-lived populations. Selected strains survive substantially better than controls independently of any effect of mate presence. The (dry) weight of whole flies is equivalent in long- and short-lived populations. Variation in body size does not appear to contribute significantly to extended longevity here. A third character, the duration of tethered flight, was found to be from three to five times greater in long-lived populations than controls. This suggests the existence of a common physiological basis of longevity to which multiple components contribute in adaptive improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02071591
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...