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  • Angiosperms  (60)
  • Yeast  (38)
  • Nitrogen fixation  (36)
  • Springer  (134)
  • 1985-1989  (134)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1940-1944
  • 1987  (134)
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  • 1985-1989  (134)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nitrogen-fixing stem nodules on Aeschynomene afraspera (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 61-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Schlagwort(e): Stem nodulation ; Aeschynomene afraspera ; Legume ; Nitrogen fixation ; Acetylene reduction assay (ARA)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Aeschynomene afraspera is a wild annual legume growing in periodically waterlogged soils in western Africa. This legume is characterized by a profuse stem nodulation. Nodules are formed on the stem at the emergence of lateral root primordia, called nodulation sites. These sites are irregularly distributed on vertical rows all along the stem and branches. Stem nodules are hemispherically shaped. Their outside is dark green and they contain a red-pigmented central zone. Stem nodules exhibit a high nitrogen-fixing potential. Acetylene reduction assays result in stem nodule activity of 309 μmol C2H4 g−1 dry nodule h−1. Field-grown stem nodulated Aeschynomene accumulated more N (51 g N m−2 in 10 weeks) than the root nodulated one. Because of this nitrogenfixing potential and its ability to grow in waterlogged conditions, A. afraspera could probably be introduced into tropical rice cropping systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280352
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of inoculum rate on the performance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Rhizobium strains in the field (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 5 (1987), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Schlagwort(e): Inoculation ; Inoculum dose ; Nitrogen fixation ; Chickpea ; Rhizobium spp. ; Cicer arietinum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The influence of three inoculum rates on the performance of three chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Rhizobium strains was examined in the field on a Mollisol soil. Increasing amounts of inoculum improved the performance of the strains. A normal dose (104 cells per seed) applied at different intervals gave non-significant increases in nodulation, nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction assay), nitrogen uptake and grain yield. A ten-fold increase in inoculum increased nodule number, shoot dry weight, nitrogenase activity (ARA) and grain yield, but increases over the control were significant only for nodule dry weight and nitrogen uptake by shoot and grain. The highest level of inoculum (100 × normal) significantly increased nodule dry weight, grain yield, total nitrogenase activity (ARA) and nitrogen uptake by shoot and grain. Strain TAL 620 was more effective than the other two. Combined nitrogen (60 kg N ha−1) suppressed nodulation and nitrogenase activity (ARA).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264351
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Yield response of spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum and T. turgidum) to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense under field conditions (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 27-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; T. turgidum ; Nitrogen fixation ; Field inoculation ; Acetylene reduction assay (ARA)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Eight commercial Israeli spring wheat cultivars (six Triticum aestivum and two T. turgidum) grown with 40 and 120 kg N/ha were tested for responses to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. At the low level of N fertilization (40 kg/ha), five cultivars showed significant increases in plant dry weight measured at the milky ripe stage; however, by maturation only the cultivar “Miriam” showed a significant increase in grain yield. Two cultivars, which had shown a positive inoculation effect at the earlier stages, had a significant decrease in grain yield. No significant effect of inoculation was found at the high N level. To confirm those results, four wheat (T. aestivum) cultivars were tested separately over 4 years in 4 different locations under varying N levels. Only Miriam showed a consistently positive effect of Azospirillum inoculation on grain yield. Inoculation increased the number of roots per plant on Miriam compared with uninoculated plants. This effect was found at all N levels. Nutrient (N, P and K) accumulation and number of fertile tillers per unit area were also enhanced by Azospirillum, but these parameters were greatly affected by the level of applied N. It is suggested that the positive response of the spring wheat cultivar “Miriam” to Azospirillum inoculation is due to its capacity to escape water stresses at the end of the growth season.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280347
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nitrogen fixation and balance studies of rice soil (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Schlagwort(e): Nitrogen fixation ; N-balance studies ; Azolla ; Blue-green algae ; Chemical N fertilization ; Rice
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A nitrogen balance study conducted in ceramic pots under net house conditions for four seasons showed that flooded rice soil leaves a positive nitrogen balance (N increase) in soil after rice cropping in both fertilized and unfertilized soil. Recovery of nitrogen from rice soil was more than its input in unfertilized soil, but it was reverse in fertilized soil. Incorporation of Azolla or BGA twice as basal and 20 days after transplanting (DAT) alone or in combination showed higher nitrogen balance and N2-fixation (N gain) in soil than in that where it was applied once either as basal or 20 DAT. Planted soil showed more N2-fixation than that of fallow rice, and flooded soil fixed more nitrogen in comparison to non-flooded soil in light but less in dark. Soil exposed to light fixed more nitrogen than that of unexposed soil in both flooded and non-flooded conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280345
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stimulation of root exudation of rice seedlings by Azospirillum strains: carbon budget under gnotobiotic conditions (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Schlagwort(e): Rhizosphere ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root exudates ; Soil bacteria ; Carbon budget ; Rice
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The association of rice seedlings (cv. Delta) with different strains of Azospirillum was studied under monoxenic conditions in the dark. Axenic 3-day-old seedlings were obtained on a C- and N-free medium and inoculated with 6 · 107 bacteria per plant in a closed vial. Seven days later, different components of a carbon budget were evaluated on them and on sterile controls: respired CO2, carbon of shoot and roots, bacterial and soluble carbon in the medium. Two strains (A. lipoferum 4B and A. brasilense A95) isolated from the rhizosphere of rice caused an increase in exudation, + 36% and + 17% respectively compared with sterile control. Shoot carbon incorporation and respiration were reduced by inoculation. A third strain (A. brasilense R07) caused no significant change in exudation. A. lipoferum B7C isolated from maize did not stimulate rice exudation either. We further investigated a possible effect of nitrogen fixation on this phenomenon: inhibition of nitrogen fixation by 10% C2H2 did not modify the extent of C exudation by rice associated with A. lipoferum 4B or with the non-motile A. lipoferum 4T.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280344
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Yeast centromere sequences do not confer mitotic stability on circular plasmids containing ARS elements of Tetrahymena thermophila rDNA (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 353-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Tetrahymena ; Replication ; Segregation ; Yeast
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We have previously demonstrated that a 657 bp TaqI-XbaI and a 427 by XbaI-XbaI fragment from the 5′ non-transcribed spacer of the extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA of Tetrahymena thermophila function as autonomously replicating sequences (ARS) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These fragments are adjacent to each other in a region that encompasses the in vivo origin of bidirectional replication of rDNA. The presence of a yeast centromere (CEN) fragment does not confer mitotic stability on these plasmids. A sensitive yeast colony colour assay (Hieter et al. 1985a) has been used to evaluate the cis-acting effect of each ARS segment on the pattern of inheritance of a plasmid containing CEN5:URA3:SUP4. Colonies of transformed cells obtained both in the presence and absence of selection were red with no detectable white or pink sectors. The lack of sectoring indicates that both plasmids are lost at an extremely high rate, likely due to 1:0 segregation events. We conclude that while these ARS elements confer a high frequency transformation phenotype, they lack a function which is required in cis for the maintenance of mitotic stability in the presence of a centromere. This missing cis-acting function may result in the inability of the plasmids to be brought under the control of cell-cycle regulated replication.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378177
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Temperature sensitive pet mutants in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that lose mitochondrial RNA (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 359-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Mitochondrial ; Mutants ; RNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary This is a description of a new class of temperature sensitive pet mutants in Saccharomyces cereviase that lose all or part of their mitochondrial RNA at the restrictive temperature. These mutants fall into 8 different complementation groups, mna1 to mna8, and 2 different classes based on their phenotype. Class I mutations, mna1-1 through mna5-1, cause complete or partial loss of mitochondrial RNA at the restrictive temperature. The mutation, mna1-1, is especially interesting since it causes a loss of both mitochondrial DNA and RNA when the mutant is grown on a fermentable carbon source at the restrictive temperature. However, when this mutant is grown at the permissive temperature on a non-fermentable carbon source then shifted to the restrictive temperature, only the mitochondrial RNA is lost. This indicates that the primary cause for the pet phenotype is due to the loss of mitochondrial RNA and not DNA. Class II mutations, mna6-1 through man8-1, cause complete loss of the 14S rRNA after growth at the restrictive temperature in a fermentable carbon source. This loss appears to be specific for the 14S rRNA, since all other transcripts probed by Northern analysis are normal.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378178
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The disomy for chromosome IV and the spontaneous rho- mutability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 407-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Disomy for chromosome IV ; Mitochondrial rho − mutability ; Mitotic chromosome loss
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The disomy for chromosome IV in the strains studied led to: i) a reduction in the red pigmentation of ade1 mutant colonies; ii) a decrease of the spontaneous rho − mutant frequency, and iii) an impairment of sporulation in hybrids descended from disomic parents. The nuclear srm1 mutation decreasing the spontaneous rho − mutability promoted the spontaneous extra chromosome loss in the disomes for chromosome IV. This result suggests a close connexion between the spontaneous rho − mutability and mitotic chromosome stability.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378184
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Yarrowia lipolytica LEU2 gene (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 377-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Y. lipolytica ; LEU2 ; Yeast ; Leucine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A 2810 by DNA fragment containing the beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase gene of the dimorphic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica has been sequenced. The sequence contains an open reading frame of 405 codons, predicting a protein of 43,366 molecular weight. Protein sequence homology with the polypeptide encoded by the LEU2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 64%, whereas DNA sequence homology is 61%. The 5′- and 3′-flanking regions of the Y. lipolytica LEU2 gene share only some general structural features common to genes of S. cereviside such as the presence and location of TATA boxes, CAAT boxes, CACACA repeats, the lack of G residues in the 5′-untranslated region and 3′-transcription terminators. Transcription of a 1.4 kb mRNA begins at a small cluster of sites approximately 40 base pairs before the initial ATG.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378180
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic modification of the spontaneous rho − mutability in Saccharomyces cerevisiaee (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 411-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Mitochondrial rho − mutability ; Genetic analysis ; Modifying genes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The phenotypic trait “starry colony” in Saccharomyces is associated with a high spontaneous rho − petite mutability. Genetic analysis of this trait has shown the high rho − mutability to be caused by several modifying genes present together in the strains studied. Every single modifying gene produces only a relatively small enhancement of the rho − mutability.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378185
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Base analogue mutagenesis in yeast and its modulation by pyrimidine deoxynucleotide pool imbalances: incorporation of bromodeoxyuridylate and iododeoxyuridylate (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 421-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Mutagenesis ; Base analogues
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Cells of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which are auxotrophic for thymidylate (tmp1) can also incorporate analogues of thymidylate. When the base analogue, 5-bromodeoxyuridylate, is incorporated into tmp1 yeast cells it is lethal and mutagenic. Both lethality and mutation induction can be drastically altered by perturbation of the pyrimidine nucleotide pools. Analysis of mutation induction, bromodeoxyuridylate incorporation into DNA, and cell viability under various conditions revealed: (1) lethality and mutagenesis can be uncoupled, (2) thymidylate enhances mutagenesis and deoxycytidylate suppresses it, (3) mutation induction is not correlated with the magnitude of bromodeoxyuridylate incorporation into DNA. Therefore, in yeast, the pyrimidine nucleotide pools have a powerful effect on bromodeoxyuridylate mutagenesis. Both bromodeoxyuridylate and iododeoxyuridylate are extensively incorporated into the DNA of tmp1 yeast cells; however, iododeoxyuridylate is non-mutagenic. Replication proceeds at the same rate in the presence of the natural substrate or either analogue. When cells are supplied with thymidylate and bromodeoxyuridylate together, there is no discrimination against bromodeoxyuridylate as a DNA precursor. However, in the presence of thymidylate and iododeoxyuridylate, there is a 3 to 1 discrimination against iododeoxyuridylate as compared to thymidylate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384602
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Extrachromosomal genetics in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. Isolation and characterization of antimycin-resistant mutants (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 475-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Kluyveromyces lactis ; Yeast ; Extrachromosomal inheritance ; Antimycin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Antimycin-resistant (AR) mutants of the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis, obtained either spontaneously or after manganese treatment, were isolated and genetically characterized. Most of the mutants obtained after manganese mutagenesis and two spontaneous mutants, tolerated high antimycin concentrations (more than 10 /gmg/ml) and were extrachromosomal. One mutant which grew only in low antimycin (1 /gmg/ml) showed a Mendelian type of inheritance. The extrachromosomal mutants could be assigned to at least two genetic loci (A I R and A II R ). Mutants representative of these two groups showed increased resistance to the antibiotic when the respiration of whole cells or mitochondria was studied. Extrachromosomal mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to antimycin were also induced with manganese, isolated and characterized. Comparative studies of the antimycin-resistant mutants of K. lactis and S. cerevisiae permitted the following observations: a) K. lactis is more resistant to antimycin, funiculosin, mucidin and diuron than S. cerevisiae, as are the AR mutants; b) K. lactis shows correlated sensitivity to funiculosin differing in this aspect from S. cerevisiae; c) the antimycin-resistant mutants of K. lactis belonging to group 11 (A II R ) were also resistant to diuron, tolerating concentrations of more than 200 /gmg/ml; d) all extrachromosomal antimycin-resistant-mutants of S. cerevisiae and some of the AR mutants of K. lactis were more sensitive to mucidin than the wild type.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384609
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phenotypic suppression and nuclear accommodation of the mit − oxi1-V25 mutation in isolated yeast mitochondria (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 305-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Mitochondria ; Translation ; Informational Suppression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Phenotypic suppression by the antibiotic, paromomycin, of the mitochondrial oxi1 −-V25 mutation, a mutation which arrests by premature ochre codon the synthesis of the cox 11 subunit, was studied in isolated yeast mitochondria competent in translation. This antibiotic is known to suppress the mutation in vivo (Dujardin et al. 1984) and allowed in vitro, at concentrations of 20–1100 Mg per ml. the synthesis of the cox II subunit. This strongly suggests that phenotypic suppression of mit − mutations is due to the direct action of paromomycin on mitochondrial ribosomes. The effect of paromomycin bears a resemblance to the function of the omnipotent nuclear suppressor mutation R705. The nuclear suppression was expressed in isolated mitochondria; suppressor mutation influenced the structure of the mitoribosome. Therefore, it appears that mitoribosomes are indeed the common target in the phenotypical and genetic nuclear suppression of the oxi1-V25 mutation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405752
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ARS activity along the yeast mitochondrial apocytochrome b region: correlation with the location of petite genomes and consensus sequences (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 583-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; ARS-like activity ; Petite genome replication
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Seven MboI fragments spanning the mitochondrial apocytochrome b gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain D273-10B were cloned in the BamHI site of the integrative yeast vector YIp5 and the capacity for autonomous replication was subsequently assayed in yeast. The positive correlation found between the ars-like activity in four fragments and the presence of regions common to multiple ethidium bromide-induced petite (rho−) genomes suggests that the mitochondrial sequences possibly active as origins of replication in low-complexity neutral or weakly suppressive rho− mutants could be functionally related to the yeast nuclear replicator 11 nucleotide motif defined by Broach et al. (1983).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368060
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A mitochondrial frameshift-suppressor (+) of the yeast S. cerevisiae maps in the mitochondrial 15S rRNA locus (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 295-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Mitochondrial ; Frameshift-Suppression ; 15S rRNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The first case of a +1 “extrageneic” frameshift suppressor (MF1), mapping in the yeast mitochondrial 15S rRNA gene is reported. The suppressor was identified by genetic analyses in a leaky mitochondrial oxi1 frameshift mutant and the respective wild-type strain 777-3A of the yeast S. cerevisiae. This is in accordance with the finding that all mitochondrial frameshift mutants isolated from this strain tend to be leaky to a variable degree. MF1 does not suppress known nonsense mutations created by a direct basepair exchange in strain 777-3A. These mutants exhibit a non-leaky phenotype (Weiss-Brummer et al. 1984).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355403
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of ploidy on the critical size for cell proliferation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 591-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Nuclear ploidy ; Critical size ; Cell proliferation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary For a polyploid series of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains ranging from haploid to tetraploid we found that the critical cell size required to initiate a new cell division process was directly and linearly proportional to ploidy, but was not influenced by the information at the MAT locus which determines cell type. Therefore, over at least a four-fold range in ploidy the cell cycle machinery which is responsive to growth is modulated by nuclear DNA content.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393920
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparative enzyme and ethanol production in an isogenic yeast ploidy series (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Ploidy ; Isogenic ; Ethanol
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Effects on ethanol production by increases in gene dosage independent of heterosis in yeast are compared for an isogenic ploidy series ranging from haploid to tetraploid. The per-cell rate of ethanol accumulation in parallel batch cultures increases with cell ploidy, and is attributable to intrinsic, ploidy-associated increases in cell mass-adjusted ethanol production rates. This increase in per-cell ethanol accumulation in the tetraploid strain is as high as 6.9 times the level of accumulation in the haploid. That is, the efficiency of ethanol production per unit cell mass is greater in cells of higher ploidy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420721
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The influence of cell ploidy on the thermotolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 595-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Heat shock ; Thermotolerance ; Ploidy ; Yeast
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to inactivation by DNA damaging agents has long been known to be affected by cell ploidy. Resistance is greater for diploid than for haploid cells, but exhibits decreases for further increases in ploidy beyond diploid. In this study S. cerevisiae cells whose genomes differ only in their ploidy were employed to investigate how ploidy directly influences resistance to thermal killing. In virtually all species resistance to thermal killing is a cellular property that is elevated by heat shock and other agents that induce the heat shock response. We therefore investigated how ploidy affected the thermal killing of S. cerevisiae cells both before and after elevation of thermotolerance by means of a 40 min 25 °C to 38 °C heat shock. Without such induction of thermotolerance there was negligible effect of ploidy on thermal killing. In contrast in the heat shocked cultures there was an appreciable decrease in thermotolerance as ploidy increased. This difference indicates that the lethal thermal damage in the thermotolerance induced cultures is not totally equivalent to that in cells not given a prior heat shock, and that gene expression changes after heat shock result in a ploidy effect on heat tolerance which is absent from cells in which the heat shock response has not been induced.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393921
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Coincident chromosomal disomy in meiotic dyads from triploid yeast (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 569-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Disomy ; Meiotic dyads
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Among meiotic asci produced by triploid (3N) Saccharomyces cerevisiae are cases in which exactly two of the four ascospores proliferate into colonies. Given the unique asymmetry problems inherent in distributing three chromosome homologues in meiosis, these ascospore dyads are of special interest. We have tested 40 of these dyads (80 ascospores) for their chromosome content by ascertaining whether they have inherited one or two copies of each of the sixteen yeast chromosomes from the parental triploid. Overall, then, ascospores in these dyads can be either haploid (N) or disomic (N + 1) for each chromosome. The principal results of this analysis include: (1) Coincident disomy (inheritence of two copies of a given chromosome in both members of an ascospore dyad) was detected for 15 of the 16 yeast chromosomes, and at least once in every dyad. (2) Coincident disomy increased as a function of the mean number of disomic chromosomes per spore in each dyad, but this increase differed functionally from that expected if coincident disomy in the two ascospores were a simple, meiotically independent, concomitant of multiple disomy. We conclude from these results that: (1) The ascospore dyads, as the two proliferating spores of single meioses from the triploid, represent meiotic sisters. That is, they stem from the same half of the first meiotic division. (2) Multiply-disomic meiotic segregants of yeast triploids proliferate at the expense of their multiple disomy, as cells in spore colonies experience repeated and independent disomic chromosome losses (N + 1 → N). (3) Aneuploid generation in triploid meiosis is chromosomally unbiased and is the consequence of the independent two-by-one segregation at MI of every homologous triad.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368058
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular evolution of theSaccharomyces cerevisiae histone gene loci (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 24 (1987), S. 252-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Schlagwort(e): Histone genes ; Gene conversion ; Diploidization ; Yeast
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The core histone genes ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae are arranged as duplicate nonallelic sets of specifically paired genes. The identity of structural organization between the duplicated gene pairs would have its simplest evolutionary origin in the duplication of a complete locus in a single event. In such a case, the time since the duplication of one of the genes should be identical to that since duplication of the gene adjacent to it on the chromosome. A calculation of the evolutionary distances between the coding DNA sequences of the histone genes leads to a duplication paradox: The extents of sequence divergence in the silent component of third-base positions for adjacent pairs of genes are not identical. Estimates of the evolutionary distance between the two H3-H4 noncoding intergene DNA sequences are large; the divergence between the two separate sequences is indistinguishable from the divergence between either of the regions and a randomly generated permutation of itself. These results suggest that the duplication event may have occurred much earlier than previously estimated. The potential age of the duplication, and the attractive simplicity of the duplication of both the H3-H4 and the H2A-H2B gene pairs having taken place in a single event, leads to the hypothesis that modern haploidS. cerevisiae may have evolved by diploidization or fusion of two ancient fungi.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02111238
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effects of nitrogen fixation, soil nitrate, and defoliation on the growth, alkaloids, and nitrogen levels of Lupinus succulentus (Fabaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 74 (1987), S. 425-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Lupinus succulentus ; Fabaceae ; Lupine ; Quinolizidine alkaloids ; Nitrogen fixation ; Defoliation ; Plant-herbivore interactions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We examined the effects of nitrogen nutrition and defoliation on the alkaloids, nitrogen levels, and growth of Lupinus succulentus by growing plants under five nitrogen/defoliation treatments: 1) fertilization with a high-nitrate nutrient solution, 2) fertilization with a low-nitrate solution, 3) inoculation with N-fixing bacteria but without available soil nitrogen, 4) high-nitrate solution plus periodic partial defoliation, and 5) low-nitrate plus defoliation. In the absence of defoliation, plants from both the N-fixing and high-N treatments had higher concentrations of alkaloids and nitrogen, and higher growth rates than the low-N plants. Periodic defoliation had little effect on the high-N plants, but defoliated N-fixing plants were severely stunted and had lower alkaloid and nitrogen levels. The experimental treatments also affected the relative concentrations of the alkaloids. Our results indicate that 1) alkaloid composition and concentration in L. succulentus are determined by both nitrogen availability and developmental state, 2) plants relying solely on N-fixation respond quite differently to defoliation than those with adequate soil nitrogen, and 3) the food value of the plant tissue can be affected by an interaction between the effects of defoliation and nitrogen status.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378940
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cryptic DNA plasmids of the heterothallic yeast Saccharomycopsis crataegensis (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 297-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Fungi ; S. crataegensis ; Yeast ; Plasmid ; Linear DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Three DNA plasmids, designated pScrl-1, pScrl-2, and pScrl-3 have been found in a strain of the heterothallic yeast Saccharomycopsis crataegensis (NRRL Y-5902). pScrl-l, -2 and -3 are, respectively, 15, 7, and 5 kilobase pairs (kbp) in size. Based on the results of exonuclease digestions, all three plasmids appear to be linear molecules with blocked 5′ ends. All three plasmids also have a lower buoyant density than does nuclear DNA of S. crataegensis. The two lower molecular weight plasmids hybridize strongly with one another, but only weakly to the higher molecular weight plasmid. Two of four related S. crataegensis strains surveyed were found to contain two plasmids that are of the same size as the two larger plasmids of Y-5902. Evidence is presented indicating that the plasmids in strain Y-5902 reside in the cytosol since they were found not to be located within the major organelles (mitochondria and nuclei).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435293
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    At least two nuclear-encoded factors are involved together with a mitochondrial factor (MR1) in spontaneous mitochondrial frameshift-suppression of the yeast S. cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 387-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Frameshift-Suppression ; Mitochondrial/Nuclear ; Interaction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Earlier genetic analyses have identified a mitochondrial +1 frameshift suppressor (MF1) in the 15S rRNA region of a leaky mitochondrial frameshift mutant and the respective wild-type strain 777-3A (Weiss-Brummer et al. 1987). Further genetic analyses revealed that for the observed spontaneous frameshift suppression in M5631 the mitochondrial factor (MF1) must act together with at least two dominant nuclear-encoded factors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405761
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A proton-translocating adenosine triphosphatase is associated with the peroxisomal membrane of yeasts (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 147 (1987), S. 42-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Hansenula polymorpha ; Yeast ; Peroxisomes ; Proton-translocating ATPase ; Cell fractionation ; Fluorescence quenching studies ; Cytochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The association of an ATPase with the yeast peroxisomal membrane was established by both biochemical and cytochemical procedures. Peroxisomes were purified from protoplast homogenates of the methanol-grown yeast Hansenula polymorpha by differential and sucrose gradient centrifugation. Biochemical analysis revealed that ATPase activity was associated with the peroxisomal peak fractions which were identified on the basis of alcohol oxidase and catalase activity. The properties of this ATPase closely resembled those of the mitochondrial ATPase of this yeast. The enzyme was Mg2+-dependent, had a pH optimum of approximately 8.5 and was sensitive to N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), oligomycin and azide, but not to vanadate. A major difference was the apparent K m for ATP which was 4–6 mM for the peroxisomal ATPase compared to 0.6–0.9 mM for the mitochondrial enzyme. Cytochemical experiments indicated that the peroxisomal ATPase was associated with the membranes surrounding these organelles. After incubations with CeCl3 and ATP specific reaction products were localized on the peroxisomal membrane, both when unfixed isolated peroxisomes or formaldehyde-fixed protoplasts were used. This staining was strictly ATP-dependent; in controls performed i) in the absence of substrate, ii) in the presence of glycerol 2-phosphate instead of ATP, or iii) in the presence of DCCD, staining was invariably absent. Similar staining patterns were observed in subcellular fractions and protoplasts of Candida utilis and Trichosporon cutaneum X4, grown in the presence of ethanol/ethylamine or ethylamine, respectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00492903
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of ozone on ATP, cytosolic enzymes and permeability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 147 (1987), S. 105-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Ozone ; Yeast ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; ATP ; Nucleotides ; Permeability ; Cytosolic enzymes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Treatment of a yeast suspension with ozone inactivates a number of cytosolic enzymes. Among 15 studied, the most drastic inactivation was found for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and to lesser extents: NAD-glutamate dehydrogenase, pyruvate decarboxylase, phosphofructokinase-1 and NAD-alcohol dehydrogenase. Ozone treatment also effects the quantity of ATP and of other nucleoside triphosphates, reducing to about 50% of the initial value. The ATP missing in the cells appears in the medium. NAD and protein also accumulate in the medium suggesting that the yeast cells have been permeabilized. Permeabilization of the yeast cells by treatment with ozone preceeds the inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and other cytosolic enzymes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00415269
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inhibition of protein phosphorylation by chloroquine (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 147 (1987), S. 235-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Chloroquine ; Yeast ; Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase ; Phosphorylation ; Protein kinase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The rapid phase of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) inactivation following glucose addition to starved yeast cells [reported previously] is inhibited on addition of 10 mM chloroquine (CQ) at about pH 8. This inhibition of inactivation was shown to be due to the prevention of phosphorylation of the enzyme. CQ was also found to inhibit general protein phosphorylation in the yeast cells. Glycolysis, as observed by changes in intracellular glucose-6-phosphate and extracellular glucose and ethanol concentrations, was shown to be significantly inhibited in cells treated with CQ. Similarly, a decrease in ATP concentrations was observed. However, during the early stages of phosphorylation of FBPase, levels of ATP were similar in cells containing CQ as in those without CQ. Thus, decrease in ATP levels is not thought to be significantly responsible for the inhibition of protein phosphorylation. However, the phosphorylating activity of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases is inhibited in vitro by relatively low concentrations of CQ. Thus, prevention of protein phosphorylation by CQ is believed to be due to inhibition of protein kinases in yeast cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00463481
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New types of acetate-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing Desulfobacter species, D. hydrogenophilus sp. nov., D. latus sp. nov., and D. curvatus sp. nov. (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 148 (1987), S. 286-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Sulfate-reducing bacteria ; Desulfobacter species ; Acetate ; Hydrogen ; Autotrophic growth ; Nitrogen fixation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Sulfate-reducing bacteria with oval to rod-shaped cells (strains AcRS1, AcRS2) and vibrio-shaped cells (strains AcRM3, AcRM4, AcRM5) differing by size were isolated from anaerobic marine sediment with acetate as the only electron donor. A vibrio-shaped type (strain AcKo) was also isolated from freshwater sediment. Two strains (AcRS1, AcRM3) used ethanol and pyruvate in addition to acetate, and one strain (AcRS1) grew autotrophically with H2, sulfate and CO2. Higher fatty acids or lactate were never utilized. All isolates were able to grow in ammonia-free medium in the presence of N2. Nitrogenase activity under such conditions was demonstrated by the acetylene reduction test. The facultatively lithoautotrophic strain (AcRS1), a strain (AcRS2) with unusually large cells (2×5 μm), and a vibrio-shaped strain (AcRM3) are described as new Desulfobacter species, D. hydrogenophilus, D. latus, and D. curvatus, respectively.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00456706
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The calcium requirement for functional vesicle development and nitrogen fixation by Frankia strains EAN1pec and CpI1 (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 149 (1987), S. 24-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Frankia ; Nitrogen fixation ; Calcium ; Vesicle development
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A calcium requirement was shown for both vesicle development and nitrogenase activity by Frankia strains EAN1pec and CpI1. Washing cells with EGTA or EDTA inhibited both vesicle development and nitrogenase activity. The inhibition of both was reversed by the addition of calcium. A variety of agents known to affect calcium-dependent biological processes, such as a Ca-ATPase inhibitor, Ca-channel blockers, Ca-ionophores, calmodulin antagonists and the local anaesthetics, tetracaine and dibucaine, inhibited nitrogenase activity. Respiratory studies showed that a CN-insensitive respiration process occurred only under nitrogen derepressing conditions. Respiration by NH4Cl-grown cells was completely inhibited by KCN while N2-grown cells were inhibited by only 70%. Removal of calcium ions by EGTA or by the addition of dibucaine or tetracaine blocked the CN-insensitive respiration. This CN-insensitive respiration may be involved in protecting nitrogenase inside the vesicles from oxygen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00423131
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparative physiology of nitrogenase activity and vesicle development for Frankia strains CpI1, ACN1 ag , EAN1pec and EUN1f (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 147 (1987), S. 383-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Frankia ; Nitrogen fixation ; Vesicle development
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The relationship between nitrogen fixation and development of a specialized cell structure, called the vesicle, was studied using four Frankia isolates. Nitrogenase activity was repressed in all four strains during growth with ammonia. Strain CpI1 formed no vesicles during NH4 growth. Strains ACN1 ag , EAN1pec and EUN1f produced low numbers of vesicles in the presence of ammonia. Following transfer to nitrogen-free media, a parallel increase in nitrogenase activity and vesicle numbers occurred with all four isolates. Appearance of nitrogenase activity was more rapid in those strains that possessed some vesicles at the time of shift to N2 as a nitrogen source. The ratio of vesicle numbers to level of nitrogenase activity varied widely among the four strains and in response to different growth conditions and culture age of the individual strains. Optimum conditions of temperature, carbon and energy source, nitrogen source and availability of iron and molybdenum were different for each of the four strains. Those conditions that significantly reduced nitrogenase activity were always associated with decreased numbers of vesicles.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406137
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Localization of nitrogenase in vesicles of Frankia sp. Cc1.17 by immunogoldlabelling on ultrathin cryosections (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 146 (1987), S. 327-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Actinomycetes ; Nitrogen fixation ; Symbiosis ; Immunocytochemistry ; Ultracryotomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Immunogoldlabelling on ultrathin cryosections of Frankia sp. Cc1.17 showed specific labelling of nitrogenase in the spherical cells called vesicles. No label was found in the hyphae in any cells grown on a medium with combined nitrogen, nor in those to which no specific antiserum was added. Similar results were obtained with cultures grown under high (20%) and low (2%) oxygen tension in the gas phase.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410930
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The relationship between hydrogen metabolism, sulfate reduction and nitrogen fixation in sulfate reducers (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 1 (1987), S. 383-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Sulfate-reducing bacteria ; Hydrogen metabolism ; Nitrogen fixation ; Deuterium-proton exchange
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Hydrogenase and nitrogenase activities of sulfate-reducing bacteria allow their adaptation to different nutritional habits even under adverse conditions. These exceptional capabilities of adaptation are important factors in the understanding of their predominant role in problems related to anaerobic metal corrosion. Although the D2−H+ exchange reaction indicated thatDesulfovibrio desulfuricans strain Berre-Sol andDesulfovibrio gigas hydrogenases were reversible, the predominant activity in vivo was hydrogen uptake. Hydrogen production was restricted to some particular conditions such as sulfate or nitrogen starvation. Under diazotrophic conditions, a transient hydrogen evolution was followed by uptake when dinitrogen was effectively fixed. In contrast, hydrogen evolution proceeded when acetylene was substituted as the nitrogenase substrate. Hydrogen can thus serve as an electron donor in sulfate reduction and nitrogen metabolism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569336
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A quantitative method for predicting shelf life of soft drinks using a model system (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 2 (1987), S. 59-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Zygosaccharomyces ; Spoilage ; Synergism ; pH ; °Brix
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary A quantitative method for the prediction of growth of the food spoilage yeastZygosaccharomyces bailii in a model fruit-drink system is described. A factorially designed experiment was employed to produce polynomial equations relating pH and sugar concentration (°brix) to the lag period and doubling time of this yeast. Low pH values (〈3.0) and high °brix values (〉40) show a strong synergistic action on the extension of lag period, which could be used, along with the model presented, in the formulation of product preservation systems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569407
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Selection in yeast I: Assessing genetic stability and relative fitness of commercial yeasts (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 2 (1987), S. 159-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Genetic stability ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Selection ; Reproductive fitness
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary The potential for changes in allele frequencies in yeast populations by selection was examined. Cells from the wine yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae (strain Montrachet) were grown over a large number of generations using two different culturing techniques, each with two variations: serial transfers on WLN agar plates with and without UV irradiation, and continuous culture in autoclaved and in filter-sterilized grape must. A low frequency of variant isozyme patterns was found in samples taken at the end of the experiment. Growth rates in must and on agar plates were also examined, and it was found that all samples were faster-growing than the original strain, to varying degrees. Applications for the selection system developed are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569423
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cellular compartmentation of ureide biogenesis in root nodules of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) (1987)
    Springer
    Planta 172 (1987), S. 162-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): Nitrogen fixation ; Peroxisome ; Root nodules ; Ureide biogenesis ; Uricase ; Vigna
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) nodules have been investigated by means of cytochemical and immunocytochemical procedures at the ultrastructural level in order to assess the role of the uninfected cells in ureide biogenesis. Uricase activity in the nodules was shown by cytochemical methods to be localized exclusively in the numberous large peroxisomes confined to the uninfected cells; the small peroxisomes in the infected cells did not stain for uricase. Uricase was also localized in the peroxisomes of uninfected cells by immunogold techniques employing polyclonal antibodies against nodule-specific uricase of soybean. There was no labeling above background of any structures in the infected cells. The results indicate that the uninfected cells are essential for ureide biogenesis in cowpea. Although tubular endoplasmic reticulum, the presumptive site of allantoinase, increases greatly in the uninfected cells during nodule development, it virtually disappears as the nodules mature. The inconsistency between the disappearance of the tubular endoplasmic reticulum from older nodules and the high allantoinase activity reported for older plants remains to be explained.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00394584
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning of the gene for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from Azotobacter chroococcum, an enzyme important in aerobic nitrogen fixation (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 208 (1987), S. 481-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): PEP carboxylase ; Azotobacter chroococcum ; Nitrogen fixation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Azotobacter chroococcum Fos 189 is a Tn1-induced mutant which, unlike the parent strain MCD1, does not fix nitrogen in air when provided with glucose or pyruvate as sole carbon sources. Fos 189 showed 5% of parental activity for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase though PEP synthetase activity was normal. The A. chroococcum phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (ppc) gene was isolated after complementation of an appropriate Escherichia coli mutant using a broad host range gene bank prepared from A. chroococcum genomic DNA. The gene was localised by transposon mutagenesis and subcloning on a minimum DNA fragment of 6.6 kb. Broad host range plasmids containing the A. chroococcum ppc gene complemented the mutation in Fos 189 thereby restoring aerotolerant nitrogen fixation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328143
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of nifE-, nifN- and nifS-like genes in Bradyrhizobium japonicum (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 207 (1987), S. 503-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Bradyrhizobium ; Nif genes ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodule symbiosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The 17 kb region between the Bradyrhizobium japonicum nitrogenase genes (nifDK and nifH) was investigated for the presence of further nif or fix genes by site-directed insertion or deletion/replacement mutagenesis and interspecies hybridization. Mutant strains were tested for their ability to reduce acetylene in free-living, microaerobic culture (Nif phenotype) and in soybean root nodules (Fix phenotype). The presence of a gene, previously identified by hybridization with the Klebsiella pneumoniae nifB gene, was proved by isolation of a nifB insertion mutant which was completely Nif- and Fix-. Three other regions were found to be homologous to the K. pneumoniae genes nifE, nifN, and nifS, NifE and nifN insertion mutants were completely Nif-/Fix- whereas nifS mutants were leaky with 30% residual Fix activity. Taken together, the data show that the B. japonicum genome harbours a cluster of closely adjacent genes which are directly concerned with nitrogenase function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331622
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning and characterization of nifA and ntrC genes of the stem nodulating bacterium ORS571, the nitrogen fixing symbiont of Sesbania rostrata: Regulation of nitrogen fixation (nif) genes in the free living versus symbiotic state (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 206 (1987), S. 207-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Azorhizobium sesbaniae ORS571 ; Nitrogen fixation ; Regulation ; Tn5 mutagenesis ; lacZ fusions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A cosmid bank of ORS571, a diazotrophic bacterium capable of inducing aerial stem and root nodules on Sesbania rostrata, was constructed in the vector pLAFR1. A DNA probe carrying the Klebsiella pneumoniae nifA gene was used to identify nifA-and ntrC-like regions of ORS571 in the cosmid bank by colony hybridization. Cosmids carrying these regions were mapped by restriction endonuclease analysis, Southern blotting and transposon Tn5 mutagenesis. Selected Tn5 insertion mutations in the nifA/ntrC homologous regions were used for gene-replacement experiments and the resulting ORS571 mutants were examined for Nif, Fix and Ntr phenotypes. Two clearly distinct regulatory loci were thus identified and named nifA and ntrC. Plasmids carrying gene fusions of the ORS571 nifH and nifD genes to lacZ were constructed and the regulation of the ORS571 nifHDK promoter, and of the Rhizobium meliloti nifHDK promoter, was studied under varying physiological conditions in ORS571, ORS571 nifA::Tn5 and ORS571 nitrC::Tn5 strains. A model for the role of nifA and ntrC in the regulation of ORS571 nif and other nitrogen assimilation genes is proposed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333576
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of two classes of Rhizobium phaseoli genes required for melanin synthesis, one of which is required for nitrogen fixation and activates the transcription of the other (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 207 (1987), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Gene regulation ; Melanin synthesis ; Nitrogen fixation ; Phaseolus beans ; Rhizobium phaseoli
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The symbiotic plasmid pRP2JI of Rhizobium phaseoli strain 8002 was shown to contain two separate regions of DNA which are required and sufficient for the synthesis of the pigment melanin. One of these regions containing the class II mel gene(s) was located to other genes involved in nodulation and in nitrogen fixation. Mutations in this region abolished both the ability to synthesize melanin and to fix nitrogen in Phaseolus bean root nodules. Mutations in the other, unlinked region, containing class I mel gene(s), also abolished melanin synthesis but did not affect symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Transcriptional fusions between the class I mel gene and the Escherichia coli lacZ gene were constructed and it was demonstrated that the class II mel gene(s) activated their transcription in free-living culture. Further, strains containing the cloned regulatory class II gene(s) synthesized melanin when growing in minimal medium, in contrast to wild-type strains which became pigmented only in complete medium containing yeast extract and tryptone. It was shown by hybridization experiments that the regulatory mel gene was closely linked to or may correspond to the regulatory nifA gene; a fragment of R. phaseoli DNA which included the class II gene(s) of R. phaseoli hybridized to a previously identified nifA-like gene of R. leguminosarum, the species that nodulates peas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331503
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transformation and regeneration of the legume Lotus corniculatus: A system for molecular studies of symbiotic nitrogen fixation (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 207 (1987), S. 245-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; Plant transformation ; Transgenic legumes ; Nitrogen fixation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A procedure for transformation and regeneration of the legume species Lotus corniculatus (Bird's-foot trefoil) has been developed. The Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834 and 8196 strains were used to transform plant cells in wound site infections and transformed roots were propagated in vitro. Transformation was monitored by hybridization with pRi T-DNA sequences and by detection of agropine and mannopine. Transformation frequencies of up to 90% were obtained. Shoots spontaneously formed on hairy root cultures were excised, rooted and inoculated with Rhizobium. Root nodules formed on transformed plants had nitrogenase activities comparable to untransformed nodules. Transcript levels from the nodule-specific leghemoglobin genes and the constitutive ubiquitin genes were similar in transformed and untransformed root nodules. Transformed plants responded to R. loti and Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lotus) strains with phenotypes identical to phenotypes for untransformed plants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331585
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Retardation of cell cycle progression in yeast cells recovering from DNA damage: A study at the single cell level (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 207 (1987), S. 320-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Cell cycle ; DNA damage ; Carcinogenesis ; Yeast ; cdc2
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Pedigree analyses of individual yeast cells recovering from DNA damage were performed and time intervals between morphological landmark events during the cell cycle (bud emergence and cell separation), were recorded for three generations. The associated nuclear behavior was monitored with the aid of DAPI staining. The following observations were made: (1) All agents tested (X-rays, MMS, EMS, MNNG, nitrous acid) delayed the first bud emergence after treatment, which indicates inhibition of the initiation of DNA replication. (2) Cells that survived X-irradiation progressed further through the cell cycle in a similar way to control cells. (3) Progress of chemically treated cells became extremely asynchronous because surviving cells stayed undivided for periods of varying length. (4) Prolongation of the time between bud emergence and cell separation was most pronounced for cells treated with the alkylating agents MMS and EMS. This is interpreted as retardation of ongoing DNA synthesis by persisting DNA adducts. (5) Cell cycle prolongation in the second and third generation after treatment was observed only with MMS treated cells. (6) In all experiments, individual cells of uniformly treated populations exhibited highly variable responses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331596
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Processing of TY1 proteins and formation of Ty1 virus-like particles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 207 (1987), S. 421-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Ty-VLPs ; Ty-encoded functions ; Processing
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We have analysed functional properties of putative proteins encoded by the yeast transposable element, Ty1, by overexpression of TY genes. High-level expression was achieved by appropriate fusion of a Ty sequence, TY9C, to the yeast ADH1 promoter and transformation of yeast cells with this construction. As shown recently by others (Garfinkel et al. 1985; Mellor et al. 1985c) TY over-expression leads to an increase in particle-bound reverse transcriptase activity and to an intracellular accumulation of virus-like particles (Ty-VLPs). We have used a number of deletions in the second open reading frame (TYB) to identify functional domains required for processing and assembly of Ty proteins. Deletions in the TYB region with homology to acid proteases result in overproduction of an unprocessed form of the TYA protein (pro-TYA) which represents the major protein of Ty-VLPs. One particular mutant construction, TY9C-Δ36, led to the accumulation of a particle-bound, 160 kDa protein which cross-reacted with a mouse antiserum raised against purified pro-TYA protein. This supports the hypothesis that TYB is expressed as a TYA/TYB fusion protein which is processed by a TYB-encoded protease activity. Ty-VLPs are formed in the absence of protein processing and even when the TYB gene is not expressed. Thus, we assume that the assembly of Ty particles occurs prior to processing of Ty proteins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331610
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation and characterization of mutants of Kluyveromyces lactis defective in lactose transport (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 208 (1987), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Permease ; LAC12
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Mutants of Kluyveromyces lactis defective in lactose transport were identified among lactose-resistant revertants of lactose-sensitive strains. The mutations are closely linked to the β-galactosidase gene, LAC4, and they are located in a previously identified gene, LAC12, which has been shown to code for a lactose permease. Our data establish that LAC12 is the only lactose permease gene in K. lactis. The lactose permease also transports galactose. LAC12 is transcribed in a direction opposite to that of LAC4, there being about 2.5 kb between their transcription start sites. Transcription of LAC12 is inducible as is that of all other structural genes in the lactose-galactose regulon of K. lactis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330435
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structure of the yeast HIS5 gene responsive to general control of amino acid biosynthesis (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 208 (1987), S. 159-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): General control ; Gene regulation ; HIS5 ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Yeast
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The nucleotide sequence of a 2.1 kb DNA fragment bearing the HIS5 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which encodes histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.9), has been determined. An open reading frame of 1,152 bp was found. S1 nuclease mapping indicated that the major transcription starts at position-37 from the ATG codon and the minor (∼20%) at-34 in both repressive and derepressive conditions. Northern analysis indicated that transcription of the HIS5 gene is under the general control of amino acid biosynthesis. The 5′ noncoding region of the gene, thus far examined up to position-616, contains three copies of sequences homologous to the short repeats of the consensus sequence, 5′-A T A GTGACTC-3′, suggested for general amino acid control in the HIS1, HIS3, HIS4, and TRP5 at positions-336,-275 and-205. The consensus sequence closest to the open reading frame was shown to be necessary but not sufficient for general amino acid control, by examination of β-galactosidase appearance in S. cerevisiae cells carrying various mutant HIS5 promoter regions fused to the lac'Z gene and inserted at the leu2 locus of chromosome III.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330437
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new linear DNA plasmid isolated from the yeast Saccharomyces kluyveri (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 206 (1987), S. 377-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Saccharomyces kluyveri ; Linear plasmid ; Terminal protein ; Inverted terminal repetition
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A new linear DNA plasmid, designated pSKL, was found in the yeast Saccharomyces kluyveri. Restriction maps of the 14.2 kb plasmid were constructed. By the use of CsCl-Hoechst 33258 centrifugation containing guanidine chloride, pSKL was isolated as a DNA-protein complex. The protein was associated with the terminal regions of pSKL. The two terminal EcoRI fragments of pSKL were cloned and their nucleotide sequences were determined. pSKL had inverted terminal repeats of 483 bp with a unique structure in which fairly homologous sequences of 30 bp were repeated eight times.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428874
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification and cloning of nodulation genes from the stem-nodulating bacterium ORS571 (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 206 (1987), S. 291-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Nitrogen fixation ; Stem nodulation ; Tn5 mutagenesis ; nod genes ; nodC homology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary After random Tn5 mutagenesis of the stem-nodulating Sesbania rostrata symbiont strain ORS571, Nif-, Fix- and Nod- mutants were isolated. The Nif- mutants had lost both free-living and symbiotic N2 fixation capacity. The Fix- mutants normally fixed N2 in the free-living state but induced ineffective nodules on S. rostrata. They were defective in functions exclusively required for symbiotic N2 fixation. A further analysis of the Nod- mutants allowed the identification of two nod loci. A Tn5 insertion in nod locus 1 completely abolished both root and stem nodulation capacity. Root hair curling, which is an initial event in S. rostrata root nodulation, was no longer observed. A 400 bp region showing weak homology to the nodC gene of Rhizobium meliloti was located 1.5 kb away from this nod Tn5 insertion. A Tn5 insertion in nod locus 2 caused the loss of stem and root nodulation capacity but root hair curling still occurred. The physical maps of a 20.5 kb DNA region of nod locus 1 and of a 40 kb DNA region of nod locus 2 showed no overlaps. The two nod loci are not closely linked to nif locus 1, containing the structural genes for the nitrogenase complex (Elmerich et al. 1982).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333587
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A single base change in the extra-arm of yeast mitochondrial tyrosine tRNA affects its conformational stability and impairs aminoacylation (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 206 (1987), S. 498-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Yeast ; Mitochondrial tRNA ; syn - mutation ; Mitochondrial protein synthesis ; tRNA structure-function relationship
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The mitochondrial temperature-sensitive mutation tsm-8 maps on a 1.8 kb HpaII fragment of mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA) which contains genes for tRNAAla, tRNAIle and tRNATyr. The phenotype of this mutation is, among multiple pleiotropic defects, a temperature-induced reduction of mitochondrial translation. DNA sequencing of the HpaII fragment from the wild type and mutant tsm-8 revealed a single transversion from T to A in position 56 of the mutant tRNATyr gene. This nucleotide change disrupts a base pairing in the long extra arm of the tRNA cloverleaf. Revertants of the tsm-8 mutant restore correct base pairing in the extra arm by a second-site mutation in the tRNATyr gene. Analysis of the tRNATyr transcripts revealed that neither transcription nor processing of the tRNA is affected in the mutant. However, the base alteration destabilizes the conformation of the tRNA and affects its charging parameters. At the non-permissive temperature, the Michaelis-Menten constant of the mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase for the mutant tRNA is increased over 20-fold when compared to the wild-type tRNA. As a consequence, mitochondrial protein synthesis is drastically reduced at the restrictive temperature. Moreover, synthesis of apocytochrome b and of cytochrome oxidase subunit 3 is decreased relative to the other mitochondrially synthesized polypeptides.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428891
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterisation of an autonomously replicating sequence from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 207 (1987), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Origin of replication ; ARS ; Yeast
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A DNA sequence has been isolated from Schizosaccharomyces pombe which promotes high frequency transformation of plasmids in the same organism. It is closely linked to the DNA ligase gene CDC17 and has therefore been named ARS17 although in structure it differs substantially from ARS elements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ARS17 spans some 1.8 kb of DNA and deletion of any part of this region affects activity. Moreover, there does not appear to be any short sequence which is, by itself, sufficient for high frequency transformation. ARS17 lies between and partly overlaps two divergently transcribed genes and it is extremely AT rich. It lacks the consensus sequence found in S. cerevisiae ARSs and it has no ARS activity in S. cerevisiae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331504
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phagnalon rechingeri (Inuleae, Asteraceae), a new species from Iran (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 45-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Inuleae ; Phagnalon ; Ph. rechingeri spec. nova ; Taxonomy ; Flora of Iran
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Phagnalon rechingeri spec. nova from S Baluchestan (Iran) is described as a species new to science and illustrated; its relationships to other species of the genus, in particular to thePh. woodii group from S Arabia, are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936285
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Salsola griffithii (Chenopodiaceae) comb. nova. — a remarkable species from the sand deserts of SW. Asia (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Chenopodiaceae ; Noaea griffithii ; Salsola griffithii ; Taxonomy ; sand vegetation ; psammophytes ; Flora SW Asia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Noaea griffithii, which hitherto was known from the type collection only, is transferred toSalsola by reason of its horizontal embryo and other fruit characters. The description is completed; ecological, phytocoenological and distributional data are given. The species is a common endemic psammophyte of SE Iran, S Afghanistan and adjacent Pakistan Baluchistan.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936286
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The genusCarex (Cyperaceae) in the Flora Iranica area (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 27-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cyperaceae ; Carex ; Endemics ; floristical connections ; Flora Iranica area ; Flora of: Iran ; Afghanistan ; Iraq ; Turkemenia ; Pakistan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract 88 species and 20 subspecies ofCarex, altogether 94 taxa, occur in the area ofRechinger's Flora Iranica. Of these, 48 taxa, have an Euro-Siberian, 11 an Irano-Turanian and 35 a Central Asiatic distribution, the last including five species with connections to E. and tropical SE. Asia. The Saharo-Sindian element is missing. Endemic taxa are found in all groups. Eight taxa, endemic to the NW. Himalayas occur in the E. part of the area. The Euro-Siberian taxa are concentrated in the NW. of the area, but have connections to the east; similarly, Central-Asiatic taxa are concentrated in E. Afghanistan and N. Pakistan, but have connections to the west. Some Euro-Siberian taxa are widely distributed in the area, but avoid the most arid regions. The Irano-Turanian taxa are few and extend from Egypt through the area of Flora Iranica to Kazakhstan SSR and Central China.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936284
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the distribution of the genusCousinia (Compositae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 15-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Cousinia ; Generic distribution map ; centres of diversity ; distribution patterns ; Flora of the Irano-Turanian Region ; Flora of SW. Asia ; of Iran ; Iraq ; Afghanistan ; Pakistan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract On the basis of new floristic works a distribution map of the genusCousinia is given and discussed. The generic distribution area ofCousinia is nearly identical with the Irano-Turanian Region, but most of the 662 species are concentrated on the Iranian and Turkestanian mountain regions. Here, both in the eastern and in the western parts of the distribution area, four centres of diversity with high numbers of—mostly endemic—species are found: The western Tienshan (61 species), Pamiro-Alaj (169), NE-Afghanistan (80), NW-Afghanistan (44); Kopetdagh (66 in Iran, 33 in Turkmenia), Elburz (66), the northern part of Zagros (44), Azerbaijan (36). The outlines of the generic area are formed by genetic-historical and by climatic factors. The distribution patterns ofCousinia species confirm the close connections between the Iranian and the Turkestanian mountains as centres of origin and conservation of palaeo-xeromorphic mountain floras, contrasting with the Turanian lowland flora.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936283
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Notes on the capsule dehiscence inAcanthophyllum (Caryophyllaceae) and allied genera (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 67-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Caryophyllaceae ; Acanthophyllum ; Diaphanoptera ; Ochotonophila ; Scleranthopsis ; Capsule dehiscence ; Flora of Iran ; Afghanistan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The shape and the mode of dehiscence of the capsule had been regarded as good differential characters betweenAcanthophyllum and related genera.—Studies of these characters, including the shape of the ovary, in species ofAcanthophyllum, Diaphanoptera, Ochotonophila andScleranthopsis show, however, that they cannot be used as differential characters for the genusAcanthophyllum.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936289
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Three new species ofGalium (Rubiaceae) from Pakistan (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Rubiaceae ; Rubieae ; Galium ; G. subfalcatum ; spec. nova ; G. campylotrichum ; spec. nova ; G. tetraphyllum ; spec. nova ; Flora of Pakistan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Three new species ofGalium from the NW. Himalaya in Pakistan are described and illustrated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936290
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The vicarious differentiation of the alpineGalium serpylloides group (Rubiaceae), endemic to the W. Himalaya (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 77-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Rubiaceae—Rubieae:Galium gymnopetalum ; spec. nova ; G. lahulense ; spec. nova ; G. saipalense ; spec. nova ; G. nepalense ; spec. nova ; G. serpylloides Royle exHook. f. typified ; Alpine flora of the Himalaya
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Galium serpylloides agg. comprises a group of locally endemic, disjunct and vicarious taxa in the (sub)alpine zone of the W. Himalaya, from W to E:G. gymnopetalum, G. lahulense, G. serpylloides s. str.,G. saipalense, andG. nepalense. Four of these are new to science;G. serpylloides is newly typified. The main characters of the five species are compared and illustrated, their affinities and evolution are discussed, and a map of distribution is presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936291
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Even more new taxa from South and East Anatolia II (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 93-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; new taxa ; Arenaria ; Campanula ; Scutellaria ; Stachys ; Calamintha ; Aristolochia ; Allium ; Flora of Turkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract 10 new Turkish taxa are described:Arenaria eliasiana, A. sivasica, A. monscragus, A. angustifolioides; Campanula lycica; Scutellaria orientalis subsp.tortumensis; Stachys choruhensis, S. tundjeliensis; Calamintha caroli-henricana; Aristolochia rechingeriana, the latter two species named in honour ofKarl Heinz Rechinger;Allium vuralii.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936293
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An Iranian floristic link with Socotra inHypericum (Hypericaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Hypericaceae ; Hypericum ; H. dogonbadanicum ; H. socotranum subsp.smithii ; Chorology ; phytogeography ; Flora of Iran ; Socotra
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Hypericum dogonbadanicum Assadi, a local species from theQuercus brandtii forests of the Zagros Mountains in south-western Iran, belongs to sect.Campylosporus (Spach)R. Keller and is most closely related to a Socotran endemic,H. socotranum Good subsp.smithii N. Robson. Despite the inclusion of these forests in the Irano-Turanian Element of the Iran flora byZohary (1963),H. dogonbadanicum appears to belong rather to the Mediterranean dwarf-shrub maquis type of community and therefore to be a member ofZohary's (1963) Mediterranean/Irano-Turanian group of Iranian species.—The key position of the Socotran endemics to the understanding of the inter-sectional relationships is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936292
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the origin ofVeronica persica (Scrophulariaceae)—a contribution to the history of a neophytic weed (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 105-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Scrophulariaceae ; Veronica ; Veronica agrestis group ; V. bungei ; V. ceratocarpa ; V. persica ; V. polita ; V. siaretensis ; V. francispetae ; V. agrestis ; V. opaca ; V. filiformis ; Allopolyploidy ; significance of polyploidy ; neophytes ; anthropochory ; migration ; evolution of weeds ; Flora of Iran ; SW. Asia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A character analysis reveals a clearly intermediate position of the tetraploidV. persica (2n = 28) between the two diploid speciesV. polita andV. ceratocarpa (both 2n = 14) which are morphologically rather different and have been placed by several authors in different sections of the genus.V. ceratocarpa is native to subhumid deciduous forests of the Caucasus and of the Elburz mountains (N. Iran);V. polita has its centre of variation in the Elburz range where it grows in therophyte habitats. Three other closely related species,V. bungei, V. siaretensis, andV. francispetae, are endemic to the Elburz range which is the main centre of diversity and variability of theV. agrestis group. This comprises all the above mentioned species and also two more European weeds:V. agrestis andV. opaca. Veronica polita, was probably originally native to open places in deciduous mountain forests, before becoming a weed in neolithic times and migrating to Europe; nowadays it has an almost world-wide distribution. The allotetraploidV. persica combines the ecological characters of its parents, the slightly xerophyticV. polita and the more mesophyticV. ceratocarpa, thus being preadapted to become a highly successful weed with a large ecological range. It has spread rapidly almost all over the world since the early 19th century.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936294
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On subspecific taxa ofHypericum empetrifolium (Hypericaceae) from Crete (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 165-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Guttiferae ; Hypericaceae ; Growth form ; vicarious taxa ; nomenclature ; Flora of the Mediterranean ; of Greece ; of Crete
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The morphology, altitudinal distribution and phytocoenology ofHypericum empetrifolium Willd., var.oliganthum Rech. fil. and var.tortuosum Rech. fil. are reassessed and as a result, the taxa are treated at subspecific rank. Essential characters proved to be growth form, number of flowers, foliage and epidermal surface characters, shape of seeds and testa sculpturing. The different growth forms can be interpreted as adaptations to the local habitats.Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp.empetrifolium is a low subshrub of various vegetation types known as phrygana whereasHypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp.oliganthum (Rech. f.)Hagemann grows as a cushion-like dwarf shrub in chasmophyte associations rich in relic species.Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. subsp.tortuosum (Rech. f.)Hagemann is confined in the high mountain regions and grows as a true dwarf espalier shrub with low spreading shoots.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936297
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pistacia lentiscus cv. Chia (Anacardiaceae) on Chios island (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Anacardiaceae ; Pistacia lentiscus var.chia. ; Taxonomy ; mastic production ; Flora of Greece
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The author discusses the history of an unusual form ofPistacia lentiscus L. (referred to as var.chia (Desf. exPoiret) DC. on the basis of literature data and personal field observations on Chios island. As a result of incisions made on the trunk and stems the tree exudes a specific resinous gum called mastic. The production of mastic currently amounts to 160–170 tons per annum and plays an important role in the economy of the island constituting the main source of income for approx. 20 villages in the south of Chios. The history of mastic dates back 2500 years to the time ofHerodotus. The author points out that on the plantation only male individuals are cultivated; these have been selected over a long period based on mastic yield. As they represent a group of cultivated clones it would be preferable to consider them as a collective cultivar ‘Chia’.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936298
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A taxonomical revision ofThymus sect.Teucrioides (Lamiaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 197-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Lamiaceae (Labiatae) ; Thymus sect.Teucrioides ; Th. teucrioides ; Th. rechingeri spec. nov. ; Th. leucospermus spec. nov. ; Taxonomy ; Mountain flora of Greece
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract TheThymus teucrioides Boiss. & Spruner aggregate is revised and the following new taxa, all from the alpine zone in the Greek mountains, are described:Th. leucospermus Hartvig from the calcareous mountains of Pindhos and Mt Parnassos in Sterea Ellas,Th. rechingeri Hartvig with the subsp.macrocalyx Hartvig from calcareous mountains in Sterea Ellas and N Peloponnissos, andTh. teucrioides subsp.alpinus Hartvig from the serpentine areas of N Pindhos. In the variableTh. teucrioides s. str. many characters have turned out to be markedly geographically correlated and many local populations can be distinguished by a particular combination of characters.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936299
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Onobrychis aliacmonia (Leguminosae) — the unusual story of a rediscovery (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 215-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Fabaceae ; Onobrychis aliacmonia ; Endemism ; threatened plants ; rediscovery ; Flora of Greece (Makedhonia, Peloponnisos)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Onobrychis aliacmonia was discovered in 1956 and described in 1973, the year when it was last collected. Its single known locality was flooded soon afterward by an artificial lake now extending over the middle portion of the Aliakmon Valley (western Greek Makedhonia), and the species was believed extinct. It has now been rediscovered in the southern Peloponnisos, in an area far south of the locus classicus and in a widely different ecological context.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936300
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the taxonomic position ofSilene thebana (Caryophyllaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 251-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Caryophyllaceae ; Silene ; S. fabaria ; S. thebana ; S. ionica ; New combination ; Flora of Greece
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Silene thebana Orph. exBoiss. is transferred as a subspecies toS. fabaria (L.)Sm., resulting in the new combinationS. fabaria (L.)Sm. subsp.thebana (Orph. exBoiss.)Melzh. The chromosome count of 2n = 24 is recorded for the first time for this taxon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936302
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Differentiation patterns in the E. MediterraneanScutellaria rubicunda group (Lamiaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 219-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Lamiaceae ; Scutellaria rubicunda ; S. rupestris ; S. brevibracteata ; Biosystematics ; experimental crosses ; morphological variation ; genetic differentiation ; Flora of Greece
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Strict sterility barriers where found between theScutellaria populations on Sicily and the Greek populations. The material from Samos is separated by a strict sterility barrier from the other Greek populations. In contrast, the populations on mainland Greece and adjacent islands are all ± interfertile. Three species are recognized,S. rubicunda Hornem., endemic to Sicily, andS. brevibracteata subsp.icarica, endemic to Samos and Ikaria. All other populations are referred toS. rupestris with eight subspecies, most of which are endemic to one island or to one mountain. Three new subspecies are described, viz. subsp.rechingeri and subsp.olympica, endemic to mt Vourinos and mt Olympus in North Greece, respectively, and subsp.caroli-henrici, native to the Malea peninsula of Peloponnisos. The phytogeographical connections and genetic differentiation within and between populations are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936301
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Delimitation and classification ofBromus fasciculatus (Poaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Bromus fasciculatus subsp.delilei. ; Callus shape ; leafsheath indumentum ; Near East and Mediterranean flora
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The syntypes ofBromus madritensis var.delilei Boiss. comprise two different elements: specimens ofB. haussknechtii Boiss. and ofB. fasciculatus C. Presl s.l. By its lectotypification and on the basis of new morphological characters, the validation ofB. fasciculatus subsp.delilei (Boiss.)H. Scholz 1971 was substantiated. This subspecies represents the eastern marginal segregate of the south-Mediterranean species.B. fasciculatus var.alexandrinus Thell. is a minor variant of the typical subspecies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936304
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ThePulmonaria dacica group: Its affinities with central and south-east European allies and with the genusParaskevia (Boraginaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 257-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Boraginaceae ; Pulmonaria ; P. dacica s.l. ; P. mollis s.l. ; P. rubracarnica-stiriaca-vallarsae group ; P. australis s.l. ; Paraskevia ; P. cesatiana ; Polyploidy ; dysploidy ; diploid ; tetraploid and new triploid ; hypo- and hypertriploid species ; chorology ; phylogeny ; Flora of Eurasia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Comparative morphological, karyological and chorological studies prove the distinctness of the SE European and Asiatic populations ofPulmonaria mollis s.l., to be treated asP. dacica (Figs. 4, 5).P. mollis s.str. is interpreted as a relatively young taxon, which probably has evolved from an older stock ofP. dacica ancestors during the Pleistocene (Figs. 6, 8) and might have migrated, perhaps with oak woodland communities, from SE to C. Europe. A similar evolution can be postulated for S—SE European dysploidP. rubra-carnica-stiriaca-vallarsae group; this may have involved still unknown tetraploids (P. carnica?, Fig. 7). This group is linked via the hypertriploid speciesP. vallarsae with theP. saccharata group and at least the eastern species of theP. australis group. The monotypic genusParaskevia apparently marks the earliest divergence from the common Tertiary ancestral stock (Fig. 8). It exhibits a tetraploid chromosome number (2n = 28) but has preserved the most primitive characters. — Some comments on the systematics and nomenclature ofP. australis andParaskevia are added.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936303
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The flavonoids of theFagonia bruguieri complex (Zygophyllaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 311-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Zygophyllaceae ; Fagonia ; F. kassasii ; F. bruguieri ; F. schimperi ; F. olivieri ; Flavonoids ; chemosystematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seven flavonol glycosides were identified from the main taxa of theF. bruguieri complex. Of these, kaempferol 3-rhamno-galactoside, Quercetin 3-rhamnogalactoside and Quercetin 3-galactoside are new records for the genusFagonia L. and theZygophyllaceae s. str. The distribution of these flavonoid glycosides is discussed with respect to the morphology, chemosystematics, and possible phylogeny of the complex and the genus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936307
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fertility relationships ofGeranium (Geraniaceae): sectt.Ruberta, Anemonifolia, Lucida andUnguiculata (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 283-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Geraniaceae ; Geranium ; New hybrids ; interspecific fertility level as index of relationship ; autopolyploidy ; allopolyploidy ; asymmetry in reciprocal crossings ; Hogenboom's theory of incongruity ; climatic influence on crossing success
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Cross-pollinations were carried out among 11 briefly described species ofGeranium. Eight species pairs produced hybrids, of which five had not been reported before. The close relationship ofG. purpureum, G. robertianum andG. rubescens (sect.Ruberta) was confirmed; they form a polyploid series (diploid, tetraploid and octoploid on base x = 16). ForG. canariense (sect.Anemonifolia), another octoploid on base x = 16, the results suggest greater affinity with the former section.G. maderense andG. palmatum of sect.Anemonifolia (2n = 68) are confirmed as closely related to each other.G. maderense produced hybrids withG. robertianum (2n = 64; sect.Ruberta) and withG. cataractarum (2n = 36; sect.Unguiculata). Meiosis in the latter hybrid suggests allopolyploidy between parents with 2n = 32 and 2n = 36. Whereas all these species clearly form a very close alliance,G. lucidum (sect.Lucida) andG. macrorrhizum andG. dalmaticum (both sect.Unguiculata), appear genetically more isolated from them. One plant ofG. macrorrhizum ×G. dalmaticum was raised. — In crosses where hybrids or non-germinating seeds resulted, the reciprocal cross in the majority of cases produced a greatly inferior result or none at all. This asymmetry of response could in some cases be explained by inability of pollentubes from short-styled parents to reach the ovary of a long-styled species and in others by a modification of Hogenboom's theory of incongruity, but neither explanation works for every case. In all our asymmetric results where the ploidy level differed the diploid was the successful female, not the tetraploid, as is usually the case. — Some variation in results from year to year could be attributed to weather conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936305
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New and noteworthyHabenaria spp. (Orchidaceae) from New Guinea and adjacent islands (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 319-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Orchidaceae ; Habenaria ; Flora of New Guinea and Australia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract 5 new taxa ofHabenaria, namelyH. bougainvillae, H. elongata R. Br. var.leptophylla, H. ensigera, H. rechingeri andH. trichoglossa, are described and illustrated, with reference to affinities to related Australian and Indo-malayan species. The occurrence in New Guinea of severalHabenaria spp. typical for a savanna-like vegetation, led to look more thoroughly at these taxa:H. elongata R. Br. andH. ochroleuca R. Br., considered so far to be endemic in Northern Australia, andH. khasiana Hook. f., hitherto only known from southeastern Asia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936308
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pelargonium caroli-henrici (Geraniaceae), a new species from the Western Cape Province (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 333-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Geraniaceae ; Pelargonium sect.Hoarea ; P. caroli-henrici spec. nova ; Taxonomy ; Flora of South Africa
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Pelargonium caroli-henrici spec. nova (sect.Hoarea) is described. The new species is apparently endemic to quartzite areas of Vanrhynsdorp Division in the western Cape Province (South Africa). The chromosome number 2n = 22 was counted on specimens in cultivation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936309
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New species ofBeaufortia andChamaelaucium (Myrtaceae),Drosera (Droseraceae) andPultenaea (Fabaceae) from SW. Australia (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 339-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Beaufortia ; Chamaelaucium ; Drosera ; Pultenaea ; Flora of Australia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Four new species of the generaBeaufortia, Chamaelaucium, Drosera, andPultenaea are described based on the author's collections from SW. Australia. Their affinities are discussed and full illustrations are provided.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936310
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    OnPinguicula lignicola, an epiphytic heterophyllic member of theLentibulariaceae in Cuba (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 349-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Lentibulariaceae ; Pinguicula lignicola ; P. casabitoana ; Heteromorphy ; Flora of Cuba
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Some new morphological features of the endemicPinguicula lignicola of Cuba are discussed, a detailed description of the heteromorphic habit and illustrations of this epiphytic species are presented. The identity of the other member of sect.Discoradix, P. casabitoana from Española, is considered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936311
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nuclear DNA contents in the genusFicus (Moraceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Moraceae ; Ficus ; Nuclear DNA contents ; speciation ; woody habit
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Nuclear DNA contents in 15 species of large tropical hardwood genusFicus have been determined by cytophotometry. The 2 C-values are rather low and uniform, suggesting no appreciable changes during speciation. The small genome size is discussed in relation to woody habit.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937196
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analysis of the clinal variation pattern inSilene latifolia (Caryophyllaceae) pollen morphology (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Caryophyllaceae ; Silene latifolia ; S. alba ; S. pratensis ; Geographic variation in pollen morphology ; clinal variation ; detrended correspondence analysis ; character incongruence ; pollen dimorphism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Reticulate and microechinate pollen forms withinSilene latifolia (S. alba, S. pratensis) were first described from N. America, where the species is an introduced weed. A previous study showed that the two forms also exist in Europe and intergrade along a zone roughly congruent with intergradation zones in seed morphology and flavone glycosylation genotypes. The present survey of pollen from herbarium specimens is more extensive and covers localities from nearly the whole of the species' native Eurasian and North African range. The first axis of a detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) of qualitative characterstate data for 11 pollen morphological characters shows a gradient between the two extreme exine types, reticulate and microechinate. When mapped, the co-ordinates of pollen samples on this axis indicate a broad zone of intergradation which coincides approximately with the somewhat sharper transition between low- and high-tubercle seeds in C. and N. Europe, but becomes diffuse in Italy and the Mediterranean region and diverges from the seed transition zone in SW. Asia and the Middle East. The biological significance of the pollen morphs is unknown; the variation pattern in pollen morphology, unlike that in seeds, is not consistently correlated with macroclimate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937197
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Karyology of theScorzonera (Compositae) species from the Iberian Peninsula (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 29-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Lactuceae ; Scorzonera ; Karyology ; karyosystematics ; chromosome morphology ; evolution ; Flora of the Iberian Peninsula
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A karyological study of 15 taxa ofScorzonera L. from the Iberian Peninsula has been made. The chromosome numbers found inS. hispanica var.pinnatifida, S. baetica, S. reverchonii, S. angustifolia, S. laciniata var.calcitrapifolia and var.subulata (2n = 14) are new. Diploid cytotypes with 2n = 14 and 2n = 12 prevail, andS. hispanica var.crispatula is the only taxon which exhibits autopolyploidy (2n = 14, 28). x = 7 is considered to be the base chromosome number within the genus, with x = 6 being derived from it by translocation. This and detailed karyotype analyses allow to group the Iberian Peninsula species ofScorzonera into three groups.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937199
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low-molecular-weight rRNAs sequences and plant phylogeny reconstruction: Nucleotide sequences of chloroplast 4.5 S rRNAs fromAcorus calamus (Araceae) andLigularia calthifolia (Asteraceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 13-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Ligularia calthifolia ; Araceae ; Acorus calamus ; Evolution ; phylogenetic trees ; 4.5 S rRNA ; 5 S rRNA ; chloroplasts
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Chloroplast 4.5 S rRNAs of the monocotAcorus calamus and the dicotLigularia calthifolia have been sequenced. Phylogenetic trees for the chloroplast 4.5 S and 5 S rRNAs and also for cytosol 5 S rRNAs have been constructed by several methods. They are compared with previous studies. Evidently, it is necessary to consider the inequality of nucleotide substitution rates in different lines for adequate phylogenetic reconstructions. Some relevant conclusions are presented. The possibilities and prospects for using data on low-molecular-weight rRNAs from cytosol and organelles for deducing phylogenetic relationships in plants are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937198
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chromosome numbers of the European seagrasses (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 55-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Potamogetonaceae ; Hydrocharitaceae ; seagrasses ; Zostera marina ; Z. noltii ; Posidonia oceanica ; Cymodocea nodosa ; Halophila stipulaceae ; Chromosome numbers ; cytotaxonomy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The chromosome numbers of the five European seagrasses have been determined in material from several sites along the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Mediterranean:Zostera marina L., 2n = 12;Z. noltii Hornem., 2n = 12;Posidonia oceanica (L.)Delile, 2n = 20;Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria)Aschers., 2n = 14, 2n = 28;Halophila stipulacea (Forsk.)Aschers., 2n = 18. The difference in chromosome morphology betweenZ. marina andZ. noltii supports the division of the genus into two subgenera.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937201
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isozyme and seed protein phylogeny of the genusCitrullus (Cucurbitaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 61-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cucurbitaceae ; Citrullus lanatus ; C. colocynthis ; C. ecirrhosus ; Praecitrullus fistulosus ; Acanthosicyos naudinianus ; Isozymes ; seed protein electrophoresis ; phylogeny ; domestication
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Electrophoretic analysis of 26 enzyme coding genes was conducted on accessions of threeCitrullus species and the relatedPraecitrullus fistulosus andAcanthosicyos naudinianus. The isozyme phylogeny of the genusCitrullus and the related species was constructed based on pairwise measurements of the respective genetic distances between the species and races.P. fistulosus andA. naudinianus form two distinct outgroups toCitrullus which is characterized by two main clusters: The first includes twoC. colocynthis races and the second,C. lanatus andC. lanatus var.citroides, which are more closely related to each other than they are toC. ecirrhosus. The isozyme phylogeny is consistent with the variability in six seed protein bands and with the crossability relations among the examined species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937202
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evolution, pollination, and systematics of the tribeNeottieae (Orchidaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 91-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Neottieae ; Limodorinae ; Cephalantherinae ; Neottinae ; Listerinae ; Pollination ; evolutionary trends ; phylogenetics of orchids
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The various classifications of the orchid tribeNeottieae are reviewed and a new classification is proposed that divides the tribe into three subtribes,Neottiinae, Limodorinae, andCephalantherinae, based primarily on characters of the column (gynostemium). A cladistic analysis illustrates that these three subtribes are more closely related to one another than either is to any other group in subfam.Neottioideae, although there are very few apomorphic characters for the tribe. Pollination biology is also discussed showing links between breeding systems and distribution. There is also a possible role between column and labellum morphology and the emergence of a deceptive pollination syndrome from one of reward.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937204
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transferzellen im Xylem derValerianaceae (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 69-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Valerianaceae ; Xylem transfer cells
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Stems, incl. rhizomes, and roots of 42 species ofValerianaceae were investigated in order to reveal the occurrence, structure and distribution of xylem transfer cells. Within nodes and internodes their frequency, distribution and gradients of development are similar to other families. — Within the secondary xylem of some species transfer cells can develop from cambial derivates, inValeriana tuberosa andPatrinia villosa even from pith cells. Within the turnip ofV. tuberosa transfer cells are very frequent and well developed. Here, after degradation of the cell-wall ingrowths they can be redifferentiated into storage cells which usually contain starch grains (“Hüllenstärkekörner”). In the transitional zone between stem and root of some predominantly herbaceous taxa transfer cells are often very frequent and form large protuberances before they degrade and lignify. SEM observations inValeriana decussata show that the cell-wall ingrowths are degradated at the beginning of lignification with the exception of brush-like protuberances remaining in the half-bordered pit-pairs. During the subsequent process of lignification the simple pits of a wall adjacent to a vessel can be transformed into corresponding pit-pairs. In this case the residues of the protuberances within the pit chamber can be transformed into incrustations similar to the vestures of bordered pits described byBailey (1933). Structural similarities between the brush-like protuberances in the half-bordered pits of theValeriana transfer cells and the ingrowths found inLauraceae (Castro 1982, 1985) are evident. Supposedly, all the cambial derivatives inValerianaceae can develop protuberances at least within their pits. Thus, it appears possible to interpret the vestures of the bordered pits as rudimentary protuberances, and to suggest that they have a specific function in the selective transport of solutes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937203
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Breeding systems and pollination inVigna minima (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Papilionoideae ; Vigna minima ; Polymorphism ; floral breeding systems ; pollination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Four types of floral breeding systems—(i) chasmogamy, (ii) aerial pseudocleistogamy, (iii) subterranean pseudocleistogamy and (iv) obligate subterranean true cleistogamy—are observed in the populations ofVigna minima inhabiting the Western Ghats (India). Five categories of phenotypes are recognized based on the number and kinds of floral breeding systems found in a given individual. The frequencies of different categories of phenotypes not only show intra- and interpopulation variation, but also fluctuate from generation to generation suggesting differences in the genetic structure of populations. This polymorphism in the breeding system of a single species is unique and may be adaptive. Obligate subterranean true cleistogamy and amphicarpy appear to be adaptations to jungle fires and soil erosion.—The flowers are of the flag-blossom type and insect visitors act as tripping agents. The tripping mechanism together with the polymorphic floral breeding system result in a balanced mixture of selfing and outcrossing. Such a recombination system may enhance the fitness ofV. minima which is essentially a colonizing species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936066
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the morphological and systematic position of the genusMoldenkeanthus (Eriocaulaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; monocotyledons ; Eriocaulaceae ; Moldenkeanthus ; Paepalanthus ; Leiothrix ; Syngonanthus ; Systematics ; flower morphology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The genusMoldenkeanthus has to be rejected; its two species have to be placed inPaepalanthus Kunth. The supposed differential character of fused filaments and petals as well as the fusions between petals and stigmas are due to erroneous observations. A revised and emended description ofPaepalanthus itremensis (Morat)Stützel comb. nov. andPaepalanthus bosseri (Morat)Stützel comb. nov. is presented. Furthermore, it is shown that the generaPaepalanthus andLeiothrix also can be distinguished by characters of the gynoecium even when appendices are lacking.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936068
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evolution of the secondary haustoria to a primary haustorium in the parasiticScrophulariaceae/Orobanchaceae (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 127-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Scrophulariaceae ; Orobanchaceae ; Lesquereuxia = Siphonostegia syriaca ; Parasitism ; secondary haustoria ; primary haustorium ; apical meristem ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In the parasiticScrophulariaceae andOrobanchaceae, two types of contact organs exist: secondary and primary haustoria. Secondary haustoria are lateral organs, developing in large numbers and only when the seedling is fully established. In contrast, a primary haustorium represents the first developmental stage of the seedling itself. In the root system of the parasiticLesquereuxia syriaca (=Siphonostegia syriaca) there are only secondary haustoria, but a few of them apparently develop in a terminal position. This is achieved by transferring the haustorial initiation region closer to the root apex. One can interpret this as a transformation of the apical meristem into a meristematic haustorial tissue. On the condition that an extreme shortening (abbrevation) of the primary root could happen, we discuss the transformation of the terminal secondary into a primary haustorium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936067
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Embryology ofKyllinga monocephala (Cyperaceae) and its systematic position (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 143-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cyperaceae ; Pseudomonads ; Juncus-variation ; cotyledonary sheath
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Aspects of the life history ofKyllinga monocephala are described. Anther wall development corresponds to the Monocot type. The endothecium shows spiral thickenings. The tapetum is glandular and has uninucleate cells. Ubisch granules are present. Mature pollen grains (pseudomonads) are 3-celled at maturity. Ovules are bitegmic, crassinucellate and develop a funicular obturator. The embryo development conforms to theJuncus-variation of the Onagrad type. Endosperm, seed coat and pericarp are described.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936069
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pollen flow, self-pollination and gender specialization: Factors affecting seed-set in the tristylous speciesLythrum salicaria (Lythraceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 151-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Lythraceae ; Lythrum salicaria ; Evolution ; heterostyly ; pollen ; gender specialization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Some of the factors governing seed-set in three populations ofLythrum salicaria are examined during two seasons. Plants spatially segregated from legitimate neighbours by distances exceeding 1m set few seeds. Plants with small inflorescences set fewer seeds than those with medium or large inflorescences. Flowers having self pollen applied to the stigma before legitimate pollination set fewer seed per flower than those pollinated with legitimate pollen only. Seeds of the mid-style morph germinated more effectively than those of the long style morph and seeds of the short-style morph showed very low levels of germination.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936070
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genome relationship betweenPsathyrostachys huashanica andP. fragilis (Poaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 183-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Psathyrostachys ; Hybrids ; meiosis ; C-banding patterns
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Hybrids between the Chinese endemic speciesPsathyrostachys huashanica Keng and the SW. Asian speciesP. fragilis (Boiss.)Nevski (all 2n = 14) developed normally but were completely sterile. Meiotic analyses revealed a high chiasma frequency indicating that the two species as well asP. juncea (Fisch.)Nevski share the same basic genome (called N). The hybrid nature of the plants was established through karyotype analysis and Giemsa C-banding.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936073
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Two remarkable newCruciferae from Saudi Arabia (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 197-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Cruciferae ; Dolichorhynchus arabicus ; genus et spec. nov. ; Arabidopsis erysimoides ; spec. nov. ; Flora of Saudi Arabia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new genus ofCruciferae, Dolichorhynchus Hedge & Kit Tan (D. arabicus Hedge & Kit Tan) and a new speciesArabidopsis erysimoides Hedge & Kit Tan, both from northern Saudi Arabia, are described and illustrated. An addendum lists new Crucifer generic or species records for the Arabian peninsula.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936075
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Experimental evidence on the affinities ofPapaver somniferum (Papaveraceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Papaveraceae ; Papaver somniferum subsp.somniferum ; subsp.setigerum ; P. glaucum ; P. gracile ; Triploidy ; crossing relationships ; meiotic chromosome pairing ; F2 chromosome number segregation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Results obtained from crossing experiments betweenP. somniferum subsp.somniferum (2n = 22) and subsp.setigerum (2n = 44),P. glaucum (2n = 14) andP. gracile (2n = 14) and from the observation of meiotic chromosome pairing in the various hybrids obtained do not provide straightforward evidence for the hypothesis thatP. somniferum originated as a triploid hybrid between taxa similar toP. glaucum andP. gracile (Kadereit 1986a, b).—On the one hand, the pattern of crossability found reflects the closer similarity of subsp.somniferum toP. glaucum and of subsp.setigerum toP. gracile, which was interpreted as segregation of parental characters, and the high frequency of 2n = 28 chromosomes among F2-progeny from the hybrid subsp.somniferum × subsp.setigerum (2n = 33) might reveal n = 7 as the base number also ofP. somniferum. On the other hand, however, the general difficulty of obtaining hybrids, and the low incidence of bivalent formation in their meiosis, probably indicating a lack of chromosome homology between the different species, do not fit the above hypothesis.—These results are in marked contrast to the morphological similarity between the three species involved.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936074
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New details on the morphology of fossil onagraceous pollen grains (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Onagraceae ; Corsinipollenites oculusnoctis parvus ; Fossil pollen grains ; pollen grain ultrastructure ; viscin threads
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Fossil onagraceous pollen grains from two Upper Miocene localities in E. Austria were investigated by LM and EM. Exine structure and sculpture as well as viscin threads suggest affinities with the extant genusCircea.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939177
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A new infrageneric classification and phylogenetic trends in the genusRhododendron (Ericaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 9-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Ericaceae ; Rhododendron ; Systematics ; infrageneric classification ; phylogeny ; flavonoids ; anthocyanins ; flower colour
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Recent studies have improved the infrageneric classification ofRhododendron, including my own investigations on flavonoids and anthocyanins as chemosystematic markers. From a synoptical comparison of morphological, anatomical and phytochemical characters a new system for the genus is proposed. Phylogenetic character progressions and relationships among subgenera, sections and subsections are discussed and illustrated. Key positions for subg.Candidastrum between chori subgenerumRhododendron andNomazalea, and for subg.Choniastrum between chori subgenerumHymenanthes andNomazalea are suggested.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939178
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phylogenetic relationships inSecale (Poaceae): An isozymatic study (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 33-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Secale cereale ; S. montanum ; S. vavilovii ; S. silvestre ; Rye ; evolution ; genetic similarity ; isozymes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The genetic frequencies of 9 isozyme loci have been estimated in 23 samples of 4 species ofSecale by means of starch gel electrophoresis. The populations ofS. silvestre andS. vavilovii were monomorphic and uniform within each species, those ofS. montanum andS. cereale were polymorphic for most of the isozyme loci. On the basis of isozyme patterns as well as allelic and genotypic frequencies of isozyme loci,S. silvestre can be distinguished fromS. vavilovii, and both fromS. cereale andS. montanum; but there is no clear differentiation between the two latter species. Clusters constructed from genetic distances separateS. silvestre andS. vavilovii, whereasS. cereale andS. montanum were grouped together. The isozymatic data presented here, along with cytogenetic and life habit data, agree with the generally admitted existence of 4 species inSecale, and support the relationships suggested byKhush & Stebbins (1961).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939179
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pollination-related characteristics in the mimosoid legumeAcacia terminalis (Leguminosae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 49-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Leguminosae ; Mimosoideae ; Acacia terminalis ; Bee- and bird-pollination ; extrafloral nectaries ; intraspecific variation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Intraspecific variation has been found for several pollination-related characteristics in two isolated populations of the self-incompatible treeAcacia terminalis: floral characteristics including colour and flowering time; style length; size and colour of extrafloral nectaries on the leaf petioles; chemical components of the extrafloral nectar; different taxa of bee pollinators; and frequency differences in bird pollinators. These differences possibly reflect the evolution of two different pollination syndromes within this species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939180
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reproductive biology of the genusDamasonium (Alismataceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Alismataceae ; Damasonium ; Breeding system ; autogamy ; protandry ; pollen ; seeds
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The reproductive biology of the genusDamasonium was studied in cultivation and in nature. A correlation was shown between flowering time and latitude. All species are self-compatible but the N. American member of the genus (D. californicum) is strongly protandrous and probably experiences high levels of outcrossing in nature. In the European taxa the stamens and the stigmas mature simultaneously but the levels of inbreeding appear to be greater in the southern species (D. bourgeai, D. polyspermum) than in the northern (tetraploid) speciesD. alisma. The Australian memberD. minus resembles the southern European species in being strongly autogamous and bud-pollination was shown to occur. Floral morphology, stigma exertion, pollen/ovule (P/O) ratio and seed weight each show a strong correlation with the degree of autogamy. Vegetative reproduction occurs only inD. californicum andD. alisma through the production of corm-buds. This study suggests that autogamy inDamasonium is accompanied by a shift in resource allocation from male (pollen) toward female (seed) function. However, further studies are required to assess the quality of seeds and their survivorship in nature.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939181
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A cladistic study of North AmericanCoreopsis (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 73-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Coreopsis ; Cladistics ; phylogeny ; chromosome numbers ; flavonoid compounds
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A cladistic study of all 44 species of North AmericanCoreopsis was performed using 35 characters. The resulting cladogram indicated that all 11 sections are monophyletic. At the intersectional level, two lineages were revealed, one consisting of six sections occurring almost exclusively in Mexico and California, and another comprising five sections restricted largely to the eastern and southeastern United States. The cladogram is similar to phylogenies produced by less explicit methods but it differs in two major respects: the monotypic sect.Silphidium is placed with other sections from the southeastern United States rather than with Mexican sections, and sect.Anathysana from Mexico is more closely allied with the three California sections than with sect.Electra from Mexico.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939182
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Relationships ofLomatium among other genera ofApiaceae (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Umbelliferae ; Apiaceae ; Lomatium ; Cladistics ; phenetics ; phylogeny ; sister-taxon
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Lomatium is the largest North American genus ofApiaceae (=Umbelliferae). Relations amongLomatium and other genera have not been well understood. TheApiaceae-Araliaceae lineage and genera of North AmericanApiaceae were analyzed phenetically and cladistically in turn, and seven phenetic alliances of genera are identified. Data on frequencies of character-state combinations were assembled and usingSporne's notions of maximal and minimal co-variation of states, two character-states were identified that are derived among Umbellifer genera. Using cladistic analysis of the alliance consisting ofLomatium and six other genera we identified three sister groups toLomatium:Polytaenia alone;Polytaenia withPseudocymopterus, and a group of four genera. Not all genera in the group of seven withLomatium are supported by autapomorphies impeding phylogenetic reconstructions. Both phenetics and cladistics have helped to suggest and evaluate relationships; to call attention to groups requiring further study, and in particular to identify derived character-states.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939184
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlations between pollen exine sculpturing and angiosperm self-incompatibility systems — a reply (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 143-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Pollen exine sculpturing ; self-incompatibility systems
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The exine morphology and pore size of pollen from diverse angiosperm taxa with homomorphic gametophytic, homomorphic sporophytic, and heteromorphic self-incompatibility have been studied. The results indicate that correlations alleged to exist between the type of self-incompatibility system and the nature of the pollen wall morphology should be treated with considerable caution.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936194
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biochemical variation to determine phylogenetic relationships betweenHordeum chilense and other American species of the genusHordeum (Poaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 105-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Poaceae ; Hordeum ; sectt.Critesion andAnisolepis ; Isozyme patterns ; kernel proteins ; phylogenetic relationships
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Slab gel electrophoresis techniques have been applied to the study of isozyme and kernel protein patterns in 20 accessions ofHordeum chilense and related species in order to elucidate their phylogenetic relationships. On the basis of our results we can conclude that: (1) Conventional classification based on morphological characters does not totally agree with biochemical data. (2) Sectt.Anisolepis andCritesion seem to be clearly differentiated. (3) The accessions classified asH. compressum present biochemical phenotypes quite different from the rest of the species. (4)H. stenostachys, H. muticum andH. chilense constitute a group of variable species with many biochemical similarities and close phylogenetic relationships. (5) The evolutionary pattern of these American species seems to follow a model of reticulate evolution.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936192
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phyletic and evolutionary relationships ofBrachyscome lineariloba (Compositae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 121-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Asteroideae ; Brachyscome (=Brachycome)lineariloba ; B. breviscapis ; Life pattern ; annual inbreeding ; ascending dysploidy ; amphidiploidy ; karyotype ; hybridization ; meiotic pairing ; Flora of Australia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A comparison of karyotypes ofBrachyscome breviscapis (2n = 8),B. lineariloba cytodemes E (2n = 10), B (2n = 12) and C (2n = 16) suggests that these species have a homoelogous basic set of four chromosome pairs, two large pairs and two small, and that theB. lineariloba cytodemes E, B and C are related toB. breviscapis by successive additions of small chromosomes. A pronounced asynchrony of chromosome condensation between these large and small chromosomes has been observed. In the artificial hybrids betweenB. dichromosomatica (2n = 4) ×B. breviscapis, and theB. lineariloba cytodemes, theB. dichromosomatica chromosomes are similar in size and condensation behaviour to the small chromosomes ofB. breviscapis and ofB. lineariloba cytodemes E, B and C. Meiotic pairing in these hybrids also demonstrates the strong affinities between these chromosomes. It is suggested thatB. breviscapis may be of amphidiploid origin between a species with two large early condensing chromosome pairs and another,B. dichromosomatica-like species with two small late condensing pairs. It seems most likely that the additional small and late condensing chromosomes inB. lineariloba cytodemes E, B and C are derived from theB. dichromosomatica-like parent, and that each addition increases vigour, fecundity and drought tolerance, allowing these cytodemes to colonize more open and arid environments. Transmission of the univalents in the quasidiploidB. lineariloba cytodeme E was verified as being via the pollen, and not via the embryo sacs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936193
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nuclear DNA changes, genome differentiation and evolution inNicotiana (Solanaceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 161-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Solanaceae ; Nicotiana ; Nuclear DNA ; heterochromatin ; chromosome differentiation ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A survey of 51 species fromNicotiana subgg.Tabacum, Rustica andPetunioides has shown that evolution was accompanied by a five-fold variation in nuclear DNA amounts. This variation, however, was not directly correlated with the changes in chromosome number. Drastic rearrangement of karyotypes is characteristic for the evolution ofNicotiana spp. Significant gain or loss in nuclear DNA has often accompanied such changes, but DNA variation has also occurred without significant changes in karyotype arrangements.—The distribution of nuclear DNA is discontinuous inNicotiana, species cluster into DNA groups with consistently regular increments in the mean DNA amounts. The discontinuities are viewed as “steady states” in terms of genomic balance and biological fitness.—Changes in the amount of nuclear DNA and in the heterochromatin are compared with the morphological, chromosomal and adaptive changes which accompanied speciation in 14 subgeneric sections. The evolutionary significance of DNA variation is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936195
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nectar flow and pollinators' efficiency in two co-occurring species ofCapparis (Capparaceae) in Israel (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Capparaceae ; Capparis spinosa ; C. ovata ; Hawkmoths ; Proxylocopa ; Pollination syndrome ; nectar flow
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two closely related species ofCapparis, C. ovata andC. spinosa, which are exposed to the same pollination environment were studied. The nectar volume and concentration ofC. ovata are higher than inC. spinosa. Both species have similar pollination efficiency, but the relative contribution of each pollinator is different.C. ovata is pollinated mainly hy hawkmoths while the principal pollinators inC. spinosa are bees.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936196
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Two new species ofPhyllagathis related toP. tuberculata (Melastomataceae) from Peninsular Malaysia (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Melastomataceae ; Phyllagathis ; Taxonomy ; inflorescence and floral morphology ; Flora of Malesia and Malaysia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Phyllagathis tuberculata King and two closely allied new species,P. magnifica A. Weber andP. stonei A. Weber, are described and illustrated. Within the genus, these species form a distinct and isolated group which is restricted to Peninsular Malaysia.P. tuberculata occurs in Perak (probably confined to G. Bujang Melaka),P. magnifica andP. stonei are found in the mountains on the Pahang/Selangor border (Genting Highlands, Gombak valley). The distinctive characters of the three species are listed and some general information relating to inflorescence morphology, tubercle anatomy, fruit structure and seed dispersal is provided.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936197
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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