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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The highly rearranged chloroplast genome of Trachelium caeruleum (Campanulaceae): multiple inversions, inverted repeat expansion and contraction, transposition, insertions/deletions, and several repeat families (1997)
    Springer
    Current genetics 31 (1997), S. 419-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Chloroplast DNA rearrangements ; Trachelium ; Inversions ; Transposition ; Gene loss
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Comprehensive gene mapping reveals that the chloroplast genome of Trachelium caeruleum is highly rearranged relative to those of other land plants. Evolutionary scenarios that consist of seven to ten inversions, one or two transpositions, both expansion and contraction of the typically size-conserved inverted repeat, a presumed gene loss, deletions within two large open reading frames and several insertions, are sufficient to derive the Trachelium arrangement from the ancestral angiosperm chloroplast DNA arrangement. Two of the rearrangements disrupt transcriptional units that are otherwise conserved among land plants. At least five families of small dispersed repeats exist in the Trachelium chloroplast genome. Most of the repeats are associated with inversion endpoints and may have facilitated inversions through recombination across homologous repeats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050225
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast DNA from lettuce and Barnadesia (Asteraceae): structure, gene localization, and characterization of a large inversion (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1987), S. 553-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Restriction maps ; Gene organization ; Chloroplast DNA ; Inversion ; Asteraceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have cloned into plasmids 17 of 18 lettuce chloroplast DNA SacI fragments covering 96% of the genome. The cloned fragments were used to construct cleavage maps for 10 restriction enzymes for the chloroplast genomes of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Barnadesia caryophylla, two distantly related species in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Both genomes are approximately 151 kb in size and contain a 25 kb inverted repeat. We also mapped the position and orientation of 37 chloroplast DNA genes. The mapping studies reveal that chloroplast DNAs of lettuce and Barnadesia differ by a 22 kb inversion in the large single copy region. Barnadesia has retained the primitive land plant genome arrangement, while the inversion has occurred in a lettuce lineage. The endpoints of the derived lettuce inversion were located by comparison to the well-characterized spinach and tobacco genomes. Both endpoints are located in intergenic spacers within tRNA gene clusters; one cluster being located downstream from the atpA gene and the other upstream from the psbD gene. The endpoint near the atpA gene is very close to one endpoint of a 20 kb inversion in wheat (Howe et al. 1983; Quigley and Weil 1985). Comparison of the restriction site maps gives an estimated sequence divergence of 3.7% for the lettuce and Barnadesia genomes. This value is relatively low compared to previous estimates for other angiosperm groups, suggesting a high degree of sequence conservation in the Asteraceae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384619
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implications ofrbcL sequence data for higher order relationships of theLoasaceae and the anomalous aquatic plantHydrostachys (Hydrostachyaceae) (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 194 (1995), S. 25-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Loasaceae ; Hydrostachyaceae ; Hydrostachys ; Hydrangeaceae ; Cornales ; Asteridae ; rbcL ; molecular phylogenetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Subclass and ordinal relationships ofLoasaceae, a small predominately New World family, are examined usingrbcL sequence data. Sequences were examined for eight of the fifteen genera of theLoasaceae and the morphologically anomalous aquatic genusHydrostachys (Hydrostachyaceae). Parsimony analyses of these sequences, combined with previously publishedrcbL data, indicate thatLoasaceae belong in theCornales, and are the sister group ofHydrangeaceae. This agrees with phylogenies based on chloroplast DNA inverted repeat restriction site, morphological and chemical data. TherbcL trees support the monophyly of theLoasaceae and most generic relationships correspond to current subfamily divisions. TherbcL phylogeny also provides the first suggestion thatHydrostachys is allied with theHydrangeaceae in theCornales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00983214
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cladistic study of North AmericanCoreopsis (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 73-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Coreopsis ; Cladistics ; phylogeny ; chromosome numbers ; flavonoid compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cladistic study of all 44 species of North AmericanCoreopsis was performed using 35 characters. The resulting cladogram indicated that all 11 sections are monophyletic. At the intersectional level, two lineages were revealed, one consisting of six sections occurring almost exclusively in Mexico and California, and another comprising five sections restricted largely to the eastern and southeastern United States. The cladogram is similar to phylogenies produced by less explicit methods but it differs in two major respects: the monotypic sect.Silphidium is placed with other sections from the southeastern United States rather than with Mexican sections, and sect.Anathysana from Mexico is more closely allied with the three California sections than with sect.Electra from Mexico.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939182
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic relationships in theCampanulales based onrbcL sequences (1994)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 190 (1994), S. 79-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Campanulales ; Asterales ; Campanulaceae ; Lobeliaceae ; Cyphiaceae ; Pentaphragmataceae ; Sphenocleaceae ; Stylidiaceae ; rbcL sequencing ; cpDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phylogenetic relationships within the angiosperm orderCampanulales were investigated by comparative sequencing of the chloroplast generbcL. CompleterbcL sequences were obtained for ten species in six families within the order. These data were analyzed along with previously publishedrbcL sequences from other taxa (for a total of 117 species) within the subclassAsteridae and outgroups, producing 32 equally parsimonious trees. A subset consisting of 44 of these taxa was then chosen and more rigorous analyses performed, resulting in four equally parsimonious trees. Results indicate that two major clades roughly corresponding to traditionally circumscribedAsterales andCampanulales exist as sister taxa. In particular, therbcL trees indicate thatSphenoclea is not a member ofCampanulales orAsterales, thatPentaphragma is more closely allied toAsterales thanCampanulales, that theCyphiaceae are not monophyletic, thatCampanulaceae andLobeliaceae are not sister taxa, and thatStylidiaceae are correctly placed withinCampanulales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937860
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA evidence for multiple origins of intergeneric allopolyploids in annualMicroseris (Asteraceae) (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 198 (1995), S. 253-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Lactuceae ; Microseris ; Chloroplast DNA ; Nuclear ribosomal DNA ; hybridization ; polyploidy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seventy populations of North American annualMicroseris, Stebbinsoseris, andUropappus species were examined for chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal DNA restriction site variability to determine the origin of the allotetraploid speciesS. heterocarpa andS. decipiens. Previously identified chloroplast DNA restriction site variants were used in concert with restriction site variation forNco I in the nuclear-encoded ribosomal DNA repeat. The presence of two, mutually exclusive restriction site gains were observed in diploid populations ofM. douglasii; these same variants were also found in populations of allotetraploidS. heterocarpa, indicating mutiple origins of this species from different maternal diploid populations ofM. douglasii. Variation in the rDNA repeat between the diploid annual species and the putative paternal genome ofU. lindleyi was found to be additive inS. heterocarpa. A similar relationship was observed for the origin ofS. decipiens; cpDNA restriction site variants found inM. bigelovii andM. douglasii were present inS. decipiens. The rDNANco I variants also were additive in this purported allotetraploid. These results confirm the reticulate evolutionary pattern inStebbinsoseris and provide another example of multiple origins of intergeneric allopolyploids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984740
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and molecular comparisons ofCampsis grandiflora andC. radicans (Bignoniaceae), an eastern Asian and eastern North American vicariad species pair (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 196 (1995), S. 173-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Bignoniaceae ; Campsis ; Morphological stasis ; morphology ; chloroplast DNA ; disjunction ; Flora of eastern Asia ; eastern North America
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Morphological and molecular comparisons were made forCampsis grandiflora (Thunb.)K. Schumann (Bignoniaceae) from eastern Asia andC. radicans (L.)Seemann from eastern North America. Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) variation was surveyed with 20 restriction endonucleases. The cpDNA divergence between the two vicariad species was 2.44%, which is the highest reported among North Temperate disjunct taxa and one of the highest reported for infrageneric taxa. Detailed morphological comparisons also suggest a high level of divergence. Cluster analyses based on 22 morphological characters and 39 OTUs revealed two distinct groups corresponding with the two species. The average taxonomic distance between the two species was 1.806. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) revealed that 12 of the 18 quantitative characters differed significantly (α ⩽ 0.01) betweenC. grandiflora andC. radicans. Divergence time based on cpDNA data was estimated as 24.4 million years. The Bering land bridge hypothesis was favored over the North Atlantic land bridge hypothesis based on the estimated divergence time and the geological history of the North Temperate region. The high levels of morphological and cpDNA divergence are not consistent with morphological stasis, which has been proposed as a common mode of evolution for North Temperate disjunct taxa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982958
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural hybridization between an outcrossing and a selfingPhlox (Polemoniaceae): The maternal species of F1 hybrids (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 218 (1999), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Polemoniaceae ; Phlox ; hybridization ; F1 hybrids ; breeding systems ; restriction site analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Natural F1 hybrids between the outcrossingPhlox drummondii and the predominantly selfingP. cuspidata were examined to ascertain the proportion of hybrid individuals mothered by each species. Species-specific restriction fragment patterns (both nrDNA and cpDNA) were established as markers, and synthetic hybrids of known parentage were utilized to determine that the chloroplast genome is maternally inherited. Of 89 mature natural hybrids examined, approximately two thirds were mothered byP. drummondii, the outcrosser. That the outcrosser should mother most hybrids is expected since it is dependent upon incoming pollen for fertilization, and hybrids may result when heterospecific pollen is received. The fact that the highly selfingP. cuspidata mothered nearly one third of the hybrids is surprising, and may be related to both pre-zygotic and post-zygotic factors. Which species mothers hybrids has important implications for the potential for introgression as well as its direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01087043
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast DNA variation among five species ofRanunculaceae: Structure, sequence divergence, and phylogenetic relationships (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 178 (1991), S. 9-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Ranunculaceae ; Caltha palustris ; Chloroplast DNA ; chloroplast genes ; phylogeny ; restriction site maps ; sequence divergence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A restriction site map of the chloroplast genome ofCaltha palustris L. (Ranunculaceae) has been constructed for 13 restriction endonucleases using filter hybridization with cloned tobacco chloroplast DNA fragments. A size of 153.8 kb has been estimated for theCaltha chloroplast genome. Forty-six chloroplast genes and four open reading frames have been mapped using small tobacco chloroplast gene probes. Chloroplast DNA sequence divergence has been estimated for all pairs of five species ofRanunculaceae, Caltha palustris, Ranunculus bulbosus, R. fascicularis, R. recurvatus, andTrollius ledebourii, and ranges between 0.2% and 9.6% for the total genome. Divergence values are much higher in the small and large single copy regions than in the inverted repeat. Phylogenetic relationships between the five species have been hypothesized using chloroplast DNA restriction site mapping. One hundred and six informative restriction site mutations have been detected using eleven restriction endonucleases. Cladistic analyses of the restriction site mutations have been performed using Wagner and Dollo parsimony algorithms, and confidence intervals have been calculated for the resulting monophyletic groups using bootstrapping. It is demonstrated that restriction site comparisons are applicable to theRanunculaceae on intergeneric level, with the exception of groups having extensive genomic rearrangements. Moreover, sequence divergence is low enough at the interspecific level to allow phylogenetic analyses within genera such asRanunculus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937979
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast DNA variation inCoreopsis nuecensoides andC. nuecensis (Asteraceae), a presumed progenitor-derivative species pair (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 218 (1999), S. 5-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Compositae ; Asteraceae ; Coreopsis ; Speciation ; chloroplast DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Coreopsis nuecensoides andC. nuecensis are narrowly distributed endemics of southeastern Texas. While they overlap in range, they differ in chromosome number, and F1 hybrids exhibit strong sterility barriers. Previous morphological, cytogenetic, and allozyme studies suggested thatC. nuecensoides andC. nuecensis are very closely related members of a progenitor-derivative species pair. The two species differ substantially in terms of their leaf flavonoid chemistry, but the flavonoid data do not address the exact nature of the relationship between them. We have further examined the relationship between the species by analyzing genetic diversity within both species using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) restriction site data. Sixteen restriction site changes were used to define thirteen distinct cpDNA haplotypes. The pattern of relationships among haplotypes provides some support for the presumed ancestor-descendent relationship, but other interpretations are possible. Only one cpDNA haplotype was shared by the two species; of the remaining twelve, seven were unique to one species and five to the other. This result is consistent with results of flavonoid studies, in which each species exhibited flavonoid compounds not seen in the other, but differs from the allozyme results, in which the vast majority of alleles were shared by both species and only the presumed progenitor exhibited unique alleles. Taken together, the data support a very close relationship between the species, but are equivocal with regard to a progenitor-derivative relationship.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01087029
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