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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity of diazotroph populations in the rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays L.) growing on different French soils (1991)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 11 (1991), S. 210-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Rhizosphere ; Maize ; Bacillus circulans ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Nitrogen fixation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary We studied the dominant diazotrophs associated with maize roots and rhizosphere soil originating from three different locations in France. An aseptically grown maize plantlet, the “spermosphere model”, was used to isolate N2-fixing (acetylene-reducing) bacteria. Bacillus circulans was the dominant N2-fixing bacterium in the rhizosphere of maize-growing soils from Ramonville and Trogny, but was not found in maize-growing sandy soil from Pissos. In the latter soil, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella terrigena, and Pseudomonas sp. were the most abundant diazotrophs. Azospirillum sp., which has been frequently reported as an important diazotroph accociated with the maize rhizosphere, was not isolated from any of these soils. The strains were compared for their acetylene-reducing activity in the spermosphere model. The Bacillus circulans strains, which were more frequently isolated, also exhibited significantly greater acetylene-reducing activity (3100 nmol ethylene day-1 plant-1) than the Enterobacteriaceae strains (180 nmol ethylene day-1 plant-1). This work indicates for the first time that Bacillus circulans is an important maizerhizosphere-associated bacterium and a potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335769
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of root exudation of rice seedlings by Azospirillum strains: carbon budget under gnotobiotic conditions (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Rhizosphere ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root exudates ; Soil bacteria ; Carbon budget ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The association of rice seedlings (cv. Delta) with different strains of Azospirillum was studied under monoxenic conditions in the dark. Axenic 3-day-old seedlings were obtained on a C- and N-free medium and inoculated with 6 · 107 bacteria per plant in a closed vial. Seven days later, different components of a carbon budget were evaluated on them and on sterile controls: respired CO2, carbon of shoot and roots, bacterial and soluble carbon in the medium. Two strains (A. lipoferum 4B and A. brasilense A95) isolated from the rhizosphere of rice caused an increase in exudation, + 36% and + 17% respectively compared with sterile control. Shoot carbon incorporation and respiration were reduced by inoculation. A third strain (A. brasilense R07) caused no significant change in exudation. A. lipoferum B7C isolated from maize did not stimulate rice exudation either. We further investigated a possible effect of nitrogen fixation on this phenomenon: inhibition of nitrogen fixation by 10% C2H2 did not modify the extent of C exudation by rice associated with A. lipoferum 4B or with the non-motile A. lipoferum 4T.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280344
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genotypic diversity of Pseudomonas brassicacearum populations isolated from roots of Arabidopsis thaliana: influence of plant genotype (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 37 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pseudomonas brassicacearum is a newly described bacterial species isolated from the rhizosphere of Arabidopsis thaliana. The P. brassicacearum populations were isolated from the rhizosphere of two ecotypes of A. thaliana (Wassilewskija (WS) and Columbia (COL)), a mutant of Columbia impaired in starch metabolism (pgm mutant), and a genetically distant plant (wheat), grown in a French eutric cambisol (Méréville). The strains were isolated on semi-selective media. Their diversity was assessed using repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR profiling and their affiliation to the P. brassicacearum species using ARDRA and siderotyping. A total of 379 strains isolated in two experiments were clustered into 68 REP-genotypes. Statistical analysis showed that the genetic structure of the P. brassicacearum populations was homogeneous for strains isolated from different plants of the same genotype within the same experiment, but significantly differed across the four tested plant genotypes. Comparison of the REP-genotype distributions showed that some bacterial genotypes were poorly represented, whereas others were strongly stimulated by plant roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2001.tb00849.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Root colonization by symplasmata-forming Enterobacter agglomerans (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 13 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Enterobacter agglomerans strains are able to form cell aggregates called symplasmata when grown in a liquid medium. The nitrogen-fixing E. agglomerans strain NO30, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rice, was inoculated onto roots of axenically grown wheat and rice seedlings and could colonize the roots of both plants. The ability of NO30 cells to colonize the plant roots seemed comparable in the host and non-host plants, as far as colony forming units (cfu) measurements were concerned. Nevertheless, electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) revealed that, in the case of rice, the normal host plant for NO30, the colonization was characterized by the formation of symplasmata, whereas only individual cells were found on wheat roots. Symplasmata formation seems to be specific for colonization of the host plant, rice. This finding also means that colonization of the host plant may be largely underestimated when measured by conventional techniques. Symplasmata formed in liquid medium or on the roots of rice were stained using Thiery's and Swift's technique, and the presence of polysaccharides and proteins was revealed in the extracellular matrix as well as in fibrils anchoring symplasmata to other symplasmata or to plant cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1994.tb00075.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and partial characterization of an outer membrane protein involved in the adhesion of Rahnella aquatilis to wheat roots (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 16 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A 38 kDa major outer membrane protein isolated from the nitrogen-fixing enterobacterium Rahnella aquatilis CF3 showed high affinity for wheat roots in an in vitro adhesion assay. Antibodies directed against the 38 kDa protein were able to bind to whole cells of R. aquatilis and strongly reduced attachment to wheat roots, suggesting a role in adhesion to and colonization of plant roots. The N-terminal sequence of the 38 kDa protein revealed a strong homology with enterobacterial porins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00264.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro chitinase and antifungal activity of a soil, rhizosphere and rhizoplane population of Bacillus polymyxa
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Soil Biology and Biochemistry 26 (1994), S. 801-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 0038-0717
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(94)90277-1
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by rhizobacteria (1992)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 38 (1992), S. 248-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere, the rhizobacteria, of sorghum, pearl millet, wheat, alfalfa and rice were screened for the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS). Nearly a quarter of the strains produced exopolysaccharides, either capsular or hydrosoluble slime. A majority of the isolates produced slime. Physico-chemical analyses have indicated the ability of certain diazotrophic Pseudomonas paucimobilis isolates from millets and sorghum to produce unique types of EPS, which are highly viscous and thermostable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174477
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial antagonists of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) fungal pathogens (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 133 (1991), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: antagonistic bacteria ; biological control ; Helianthus annuus ; Pseudomonas spp. ; Sclerotium rolfsii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Bacteria isolated on nutrient agar and King's medium B from sunflower leaves, crown and roots inhibited in vitro growth of the leaf spot and wilt pathogens Alternaria helianthi, and Sclerotium rolfsii, respectively, and also the root rot pathogensRhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. Antagonistic bacteria from leaves were mainly actinomycetes and pigmented Gram-positive bacteria, while those from roots and crowns were identified asPseudomonas fluorescens-putida, P. maltophilia, P. cepacia, Flavobacterium odoratum andBacillus sp. In soil bioassays, when used as seed inoculum in the presence ofS. rolfsii, P. cepacia strain N24 increased significantly the percentage of seedling emergence. Bacterial strains which exhibited broad spectrum in vitro antagonistic activity were tested for colonisation of sunflower roots, when used as a seed inoculum. Good colonisers (104 to 106 bacteria/g root) were consistent in their ability to reduce disease and fungal wilt. A seedling having a primary root length 〈 5 cm with fewer lateral roots, necrosed cotyledons or crown and a wilted shoot indicated its diseased status. On an average, only 30% of seedlings were diseased when treated with the antagonistic strains, in the presence of the pathogen, while 60% of the seedlings were diseased in the presence of the pathogen alone. In microplots treated with strain N24, only 1 to 3% of the seedlings were wilted, while 14% of the seedlings were wilted in the presence of the pathogen alone. The results obtained show that bacterial antagonists of sclerotial fungi can be used as seed inocula to improve plant growth through disease suppression
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011907
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repeated beneficial effects of rice inoculation with a strain of Burkholderia vietnamiensison early and late yield components in low fertility sulphate acid soils of Vietnam (2000)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 218 (2000), S. 273-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: β proteo-bacteria ; Burkholderia vietnamiensis ; inoculation ; lowland rice ; nitrogen nutrition ; PGPR effect ; acid sulphate soil ; yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract TVV75, a strain of Burkholderia vietnamiensis, was isolated from an acid sulphate soil of south Vietnam, and selected for its high in vitro nitrogen fixation potential. This plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) had been used in a previously reported pot experiment. It was used in two new pot experiments and four field experiments to inoculate lowland rice at sowing and at transplanting, in three different South Vietnam acid sulphate soils. We first studied the effect of inoculation during early plant growth in nurseries. Seedlings were then transplanted both to field and pots. Treatments included two levels of inoculation (inoculated vs uninoculated) and three levels of N fertilizer (0, recommended rate and half this rate), in a randomized block design with six replicates. In all four experiments nitrogen appeared to be the limiting factor for yield. Inoculation had already had a strong beneficial effect at the transplanting stage (day 24), as measured by shoot weight (+33%) root weight (+57%), and leaf surface (+30% at day 14). Final results indicated that inoculation of rice with B. vietnamiensis TVV75 significantly increased several yield components, resulting in a final 13 to 22% increase in grain yield. A late yield component, 1,000 grain weight, was significantly increased by inoculation, but not by nitrogen fertilizers, in all pot and field experiments, indicating a long-lasting effect of the inoculated bacteria. It was possible to evaluate the nitrogen fertilizer equivalent of inoculation (NFEI): at the medium rate of N fertilizer, inoculation ensured a yield equivalent to that obtained in the uninoculated control with 25 to 30 kg more nitrogen fertilizer. Comparison of the local cost of NFEI kg N-fertilizer and the cost of inoculation would help in making the decision to inoculate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1014986916913
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of inoculation of EPS-producing Pantoea agglomerans on wheat rhizosphere aggregation (1999)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 211 (1999), S. 93-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: EPS-producing bacteria ; rhizosphere ; soil microbiology ; soil physics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of bacteria secreting an extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) on the physical properties of rhizosphere soil has been investigated as a function of soil water content by using an approach in which wheat seedlings were inoculated with a strain Pantoea agglomerans (NAS206) selected from the rhizosphere of wheat (Triticum durum L.) growing in a Moroccan vertisol. Colonization by strain NAS206 occurred both on the rhizoplane and the root-adhering soil as opposed to the bulk soil. The intense colonization of the wheat rhizosphere by these EPS-producing bacteria was associated with significant aggregation and stabilization of root-adhering soil, as shown by the combined increases of (i) aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD), (ii) aggregate macro-porosity (pore throat diameter between 10 and 80 μm), (iii) adhering soil:root mass ratio (RAS/RT), (iv) water-stable 〉200 μm aggregates and (v) 0.1–2 μm elementary clayey micro-aggregates. Biological exudation and capillary pressure interactions leading to root-adhering soil aggregation are also analysed and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004403009353
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