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  • Nucleic Acid Hybridization  (41)
  • Cells, Cultured  (36)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (76)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Elsevier
  • PANGAEA
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (76)
  • 1985  (76)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (76)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Elsevier
  • PANGAEA
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (76)
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Developments in microscope, sensor, and image-processing technologies have led to integrated systems for the quantification of low-light-level emission signals from biological samples. Specificity is provided in the form of monoclonal antibodies and other ligands or enzyme substrates conjugated with efficient fluorophores. Fluorescent probes are also available for cellular macromolecular constituents and for free ions of biological interest such as H+ and Ca2+. The entire spectrum of photophysical phenomena can be exploited. Representative data are presented from studies of DNA conformation and architecture in polytene chromosomes and from studies of receptor-mediated endocytosis, calcium distribution, and the organization of the contractile apparatus in muscle cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arndt-Jovin, D J -- Robert-Nicoud, M -- Kaufman, S J -- Jovin, T M -- FO6 TWOO960/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):247-56.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4048934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analog-Digital Conversion ; Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cells/*cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosomes/ultrastructure ; Drosophila ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Kinetics ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/instrumentation/*methods ; Salivary Glands/cytology
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1985-11-15
    Description: The gene encoding the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax has been cloned. The deduced sequence of the protein consists of 373 amino acids with a central region of 19 tandem repeats of the nonapeptide Asp-Arg-Ala-Asp/Ala-Gly-Gln-Pro-Ala-Gly. A synthetic 18-amino acid peptide containing two tandem repeats binds to a monoclonal antibody directed to the CS protein of Plasmodium vivax and inhibits the interaction of this antibody with the native protein in sporozoite extracts. The portions of the CS gene that do not contain repeats are closely related to the corresponding regions of the CS genes of two simian malarias, Plasmodium cynomolgi and Plasmodium knowlesi. In contrast, the homology between the CS genes of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, another malaria parasite of humans, is very limited.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arnot, D E -- Barnwell, J W -- Tam, J P -- Nussenzweig, V -- Nussenzweig, R S -- Enea, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 15;230(4727):815-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2414847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics/immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Epitopes/*genetics/immunology ; Haplorhini/parasitology ; Humans ; Malaria/parasitology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Plasmodium vivax/*genetics/immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: Two transgenic mice were obtained that contain in their chromosomes the complete hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome except for the core gene. These mice secrete particles of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum. In one mouse, HBV DNA sequences that had integrated at two different sites were shown to segregate independently in the first filial generation (F1) and only one of the sequences allowed expression of the surface antigen. Among these animals the males produced five to ten times more HBsAg than the females. A 2.1-kilobase messenger RNA species comigrating with the major surface gene messenger RNA is expressed specifically in the liver in the two original mice. The results suggest that the HBV sequences introduced into the mice are able to confer a tissue-specific expression to the S gene. In addition, the HBV transgenic mice represent a new model for the chronic carrier state of hepatitis B virus infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Babinet, C -- Farza, H -- Morello, D -- Hadchouel, M -- Pourcel, C -- CA37300-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1160-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3865370" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier State ; DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; *Genetic Engineering ; Hepatitis B/genetics ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1985-05-31
    Description: The carcinogenic process is extremely complex and is affected by diverse environmental and host factors. The mechanism for the gradual development of the transformed phenotype (a process termed "progression") was studied in type 5 adenovirus (Ad5)-transformed rat embryo cells. Progression was not correlated with major changes in the pattern of integration of viral DNA sequences. Instead, it was associated with an increased methylation of integrated viral sequences other than those corresponding to the E1 transforming genes of Ad5. A single exposure of progressed cells to the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (Aza) resulted in a stable reversion to the unprogressed state of the original parental clone. A further selection of cells after growth in agar allowed the isolation of Aza-treated clones that had regained the progressed phenotype. These observations indicate that progression is a reversible process and suggest that progression may be associated with changes in the state of methylation of one or more specific genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Babiss, L E -- Zimmer, S G -- Fisher, P B -- CA-33434/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-35675/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 31;228(4703):1099-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2581317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenoviruses, Human/*genetics ; Animals ; Azacitidine/*pharmacology ; Cell Division ; Cell Transformation, Viral/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Viral ; *Methylation ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains/embryology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: Many higher plants produce economically important organic compounds such as oils, resins, tannins, natural rubber, gums, waxes, dyes, flavors and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. However, most species of higher plants have never been described, much less surveyed for chemical or biologically active constituents, and new sources of commercially valuable materials remain to be discovered. Advances in biotechnology, particularly methods for culturing plant cells and tissues, should provide new means for the commercial processing of even rare plants and the chemicals they produce. These new technologies will extend and enhance the usefulness of plants as renewable resources of valuable chemicals. In the future, biologically active plant-derived chemicals can be expected to play an increasingly significant role in the commercial development of new products for regulating plant growth and for insect and weed control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balandrin, M F -- Klocke, J A -- Wurtele, E S -- Bollinger, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1154-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890182" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification ; Cells, Cultured ; Insecticides/isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts/analysis ; Plant Growth Regulators/isolation & purification ; *Plants/analysis ; *Plants, Medicinal
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: Rat atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is translated as a 152-amino acid precursor preproANF. PreproANF is converted to the 126-amino acid proANF, the storage form of ANF in the atria. ANF isolated from the blood is approximately 25 amino acids long. It is demonstrated here that rat cardiocytes in culture store and secrete proANF. Incubation of proANF with serum produced a smaller ANF peptide. PreproANF seems to be processed to proANF in the atria, and proANF appears to be released into the blood, where it is converted by a protease to a smaller peptide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bloch, K D -- Scott, J A -- Zisfein, J B -- Fallon, J T -- Margolies, M N -- Seidman, C E -- Matsueda, G R -- Homcy, C J -- Graham, R M -- Seidman, J G -- 1R23CA33570/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HL07208/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL26215/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1168-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2933808" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor/*biosynthesis/genetics/secretion ; Autoradiography ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Heart/physiology ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Myocardium/*cytology/metabolism ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis/genetics/secretion ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits/immunology ; Rats
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1985-06-21
    Description: Fibroblasts possess several distinct mechanisms that control cellular adhesion to extracellular matrix macromolecules. Monoclonal antibodies to a 140-kilodalton (kD) cell surface glycoprotein inhibited the adhesion of fibroblastic Chinese hamster ovary cells to fibronectin-coated substrata but did not inhibit adhesion to substrata coated with vitronectin, laminin, serum, or other adhesive macromolecules. Thus the 140-kD glycoprotein appears to be involved in the fibronectin-mediated adhesion mechanism but not in other adhesion processes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, P J -- Juliano, R L -- GM26165/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1448-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012302" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; *Cell Adhesion ; Cell Membrane/immunology/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibronectins/*metabolism ; Glycoproteins/immunology/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: Both elemental distribution and ion transport in cultured cells have been imaged by ion microscopy. Morphological and chemical information was obtained with a spatial resolution of approximately 0.5 micron for sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in freeze-fixed, cryofractured, and freeze-dried normal rat kidney cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Ion transport was successfully demonstrated by imaging Na+-K+ fluxes after the inhibition of Na+- and K+ -dependent adenosine triphosphatase with ouabain. This method allows measurements of elemental (isotopic) distribution to be related to cell morphology, thereby providing the means for studying ion distribution and ion transport under different physiological, pathological, and toxicological conditions in cell culture systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandra, S -- Morrison, G H -- R01GM24314/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1543-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990033" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/analysis ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Elements/*analysis ; Female ; Freeze Fracturing ; Kidney/*ultrastructure ; Magnesium/analysis ; Microscopy/methods ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Ovary/*ultrastructure ; Potassium/analysis ; Rats ; Sodium/analysis ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tissue Distribution
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: Fibrinogen fragment D, which is heterogeneous, has several important biological functions. Human fibrinogen fragments D94 (molecular weight, 94,000), D78 (78,000), and E (52,000) were purified. Fragments D78 and D94 but not purified fibrinogen or fragment E specifically caused disorganization of bovine aortic endothelial cells cultured as monolayers. Within 2 hours of exposure to pathophysiological concentrations of fragment D, the confluent endothelial cells retracted from each other and projected pseudopodia. These disturbed cells subsequently became rounded and detached from the substrate. The actin present in stress fibers in stationary monolayer cells was diffusely redistributed in cells with fragment D-induced alterations in morphology. This effect was not observed in monolayers of kidney epithelial cells. The results demonstrate a specific effect of fibrinogen fragment D on the disorganization of cultured vascular endothelial cell monolayers and suggest that fragment D plays a role in the pathogenesis of syndromes with vascular endothelial damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dang, C V -- Bell, W R -- Kaiser, D -- Wong, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1487-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4038818" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/analysis ; Animals ; Aorta ; Cattle ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeleton/drug effects ; Endothelium/analysis/*cytology/drug effects/ultrastructure ; Epithelial Cells ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kidney ; Pseudopodia/drug effects
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1985-04-12
    Description: Activated versions of ras genes have been found in various types of malignant tumors. The normal versions of these genes are found in organisms as diverse as mammals and yeasts. Yeast cells that lack their functional ras genes, RASSC-1 and RASSC-2, are ordinarily nonviable. They have now been shown to remain viable if they carry a mammalian rasH gene. In addition, yeast-mammalian hybrid genes and a deletion mutant yeast RASSC-1 gene were shown to induce morphologic transformation of mouse NIH 3T3 cells when the genes had a point mutation analogous to one that increases the transforming activity of mammalian ras genes. The results establish the functional relevance of the yeast system to the genetics and biochemistry of cellular transformation induced by mammalian ras genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeFeo-Jones, D -- Tatchell, K -- Robinson, L C -- Sigal, I S -- Vass, W C -- Lowy, D R -- Scolnick, E M -- CA37702/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 12;228(4696):179-84.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3883495" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Drosophila/genetics ; Mice ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Plasmids ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 1985-03-15
    Description: Human lymphocytes were exposed in vitro to ultrasound from two clinical devices, one of which was previously reported to have increased the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges. The ultrasonic exposures had no significant effect on the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges from three blood donors. Exposure to ultrasound also had no effect on cell cycle progression. A concomitant positive control (mitomycin C) resulted in a significant increase in sister chromatid exchanges.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciaravino, V -- Brulfert, A -- Miller, M W -- Jacobson-Kram, D -- Morgan, W F -- ES03000/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES03238/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM22680/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 15;227(4692):1349-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3883487" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; *Sister Chromatid Exchange ; Ultrasonography/*adverse effects
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: A retroviral expression vector (N2) containing the selectable gene, neoR, has been used to determine the optimal conditions for infecting murine hematopoietic progenitor cells at high efficiency. After infected bone marrow cells were introduced into lethally irradiated mice, the presence, stability, and expression of the vector DNA sequences were analyzed either in individual spleen foci 10 days later or in the blood, bone marrow, and spleens of mice 4 months later. When bone marrow cells were cultured in medium containing virus with titers of more than 10(6) colony-forming units per milliliter in the presence of purified murine interleukin-3, more than 85 percent of the resulting foci contained vector DNA. This proviral vector DNA was intact. Efficient expression of the neoR gene was demonstrated in most of the DNA-positive foci examined. The spleens of reconstituted animals (over a long term) contained intact "vector DNA" and the blood and bone marrow expressed the neoR gene in some animals. Thus, a retroviral vector can be used to introduce intact exogenous DNA sequences into hematopoietic stem cells with high efficiency and with substantial expression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eglitis, M A -- Kantoff, P -- Gilboa, E -- Anderson, W F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1395-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999985" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Bone Marrow/microbiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; *Genes, Viral ; *Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Spleen/microbiology ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 1985-02-15
    Description: Isolated rat hepatocytes were incubated in the presence or absence of extracellular calcium and alpha-tocopherol succinate with three different toxic chemicals; namely, adriamycin in combination with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, ethyl methanesulfonate, and the calcium ionophore A23187. In the absence of extracellular calcium these three compounds were far more toxic to the cells than in its presence. The addition of vitamin E to calcium-free medium, however, protected hepatocytes against toxic injury, whereas cells incubated in medium containing calcium were not protected. Hepatocyte viability during each toxic insult correlated well with the cellular alpha-tocopherol content but not with the presence or absence of extracellular calcium. These results suggest that cellular alpha-tocopherol maintains the viability of the cell during a toxic insult and that the presence or absence of vitamin E in the incubation medium probably explains the conflicting reports on the role of extracellular calcium in toxic cell death.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fariss, M W -- Pascoe, G A -- Reed, D J -- ES01978/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES07060/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 15;227(4688):751-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3918345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcimycin/toxicity ; Calcium/*physiology ; Carmustine/toxicity ; Cell Survival/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Doxorubicin/toxicity ; Ethyl Methanesulfonate/toxicity ; Liver/cytology/*drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Vitamin E/*physiology
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-04-26
    Description: The interleukins, which have a regulatory role in immune function, may also mediate inflammation associated with injury to the brain. In experiments to determine the effect of these peptide hormones on glial cell proliferation in culture, interleukin-1 was a potent mitogen for astroglia but had no effect on oligodendroglia. Interleukin-2 did not alter the growth of either type of glial cell. Activity similar to that of interleukin-1 was detected in brains of adult rats 10 days after the brains had been injured. These findings suggest that interleukin-1, released by inflammatory cells, may promote the formation of scars by astroglia in the damaged mammalian brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Giulian, D -- Lachman, L B -- EY04915/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA38043/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RR5511/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 26;228(4698):497-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3872478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Astrocytes/*pathology ; Brain Injuries/*pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange/methods ; Interleukin-1/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Interleukin-2/physiology ; Isoelectric Focusing ; *Mitogens ; Oligodendroglia/pathology ; Rats
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 1985-11-29
    Description: The transfer of the human gene for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) into human bone marrow cells was accomplished by use of a retroviral vector. The cells were infected in vitro with a replication-incompetent murine retroviral vector that carried and expressed a mutant HPRT complementary DNA. The infected cells were superinfected with a helper virus and maintained in long-term culture. The production of progeny HPRT virus by the bone marrow cells was demonstrated with a colony formation assay on cultured HPRT-deficient, ouabain-resistant murine fibroblasts. Hematopoietic progenitor cells able to form colonies of granulocytes or macrophages (or both) in semisolid medium in the presence of colony stimulating factor were present in the nonadherent cell population. Colony forming units cloned in agar and subsequently cultured in liquid medium produced progeny HPRT virus, indicating infection of this class of hematopoietic progenitor cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gruber, H E -- Finley, K D -- Hershberg, R M -- Katzman, S S -- Laikind, P K -- Seegmiller, J E -- Friedmann, T -- Yee, J K -- Jolly, D J -- AM 13622/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 28223/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD20034/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1057-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3864246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genetic Engineering ; Genetic Vectors ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*physiology ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/*genetics ; Mice ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Transfection
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 1985-03-01
    Description: A human complementary DNA clone specific for the alpha-chain of the T-cell receptor and a panel of rodent X human somatic cell hybrids were used to map the alpha-chain gene to human chromosome 14 in a region proximal to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. Analysis by means of in situ hybridization of human metaphase chromosomes served to further localize the alpha-chain gene to region 14q11q12, which is consistently involved in translocations and inversions detectable in human T-cell leukemias and lymphomas. Thus, the locus for the alpha-chain T-cell receptor may participate in oncogene activation in T-cell tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Croce, C M -- Isobe, M -- Palumbo, A -- Puck, J -- Ming, J -- Tweardy, D -- Erikson, J -- Davis, M -- Rovera, G -- CA 10 815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA16685/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA215875/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1044-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3919442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin alpha-Chains/*genetics ; Leukemia/genetics ; Lymphoma/genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: Formaldehyde, a common environmental pollutant, inhibits repair of O6-methylguanine and potentiates the mutagenicity of an alkylating agent, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, in normal human fibroblasts. Because formaldehyde alone also causes mutations in human cells, the compound may cause genotoxicity by a dual mechanism of directly damaging DNA and inhibiting repair of mutagenic and carcinogenic DNA lesions caused by other chemical and physical carcinogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grafstrom, R C -- Curren, R D -- Yang, L L -- Harris, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):89-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bronchi/cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Repair/*drug effects ; Drug Synergism ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Formaldehyde/*adverse effects/pharmacology ; Guanine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Humans ; Methylnitrosourea/pharmacology ; Mutagens/*pharmacology
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: A repeated 82 base pair sequence in genomic DNA of the rat was previously proposed as being a control element governing brain (neuron) specific genetic expression. This intronic sequence, termed the brain "identifier" (ID), is complementary to small RNA species localized in brain cytoplasm, and it was thought to be represented specifically in RNA produced by brain nuclei in vitro. The RNA blot analyses of total nuclear and polyadenylated heterogeneous nuclear RNA described in the present report show that this ID sequence is also present in the liver and kidney in abundances similar to those in the brain. This repeated sequence is not, therefore, restricted to transcripts produced in the brain as suggested from previous transcriptional "runoff" experiments. Measurements on rat and mouse nuclear RNA indicate that the abundance of ID sequence transcript is roughly proportional to the number of copies of this repeat in the respective genomes. This suggests a rather random genomic location and transcription of this sequence. From these results it seems improbable that the ID sequence functions as a transcriptional-level control element in genes expressed specifically in the brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Owens, G P -- Chaudhari, N -- Hahn, W E -- NS10813/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1263-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412293" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Brain Chemistry ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Genes ; Kidney/analysis ; Liver/analysis ; Mice ; Neural Crest/analysis ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/*analysis ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 19
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: During normal mouse development the relative amounts of two types of U1 small nuclear RNA's (U1 RNA) change significantly. Fetal tissues have comparable levels of the two major types of mouse U1 RNA's, mU1a and mU1b, whereas most differentiated adult tissues contain only mU1a RNA's. Those adult tissues that also accumulate detectable amounts of embryonic (mU1b) RNA's (for example, testis, spleen, and thymus) contain a significant proportion of stem cells capable of further differentiation. Several strains of mice express minor sequence variants of U1 RNA's that are subject to the same developmental controls as the major types of adult and embryonic U1 RNA. The differential accumulation of embryonic U1 RNA's may influence the pattern of gene expression during early development and differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lund, E -- Kahan, B -- Dahlberg, J E -- CA 33453/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 30220/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1271-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2412294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Brain/*growth & development/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; Liver/*growth & development/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/*biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis ; RNA, Small Nuclear ; Testis/*growth & development/metabolism
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: Two new methods were used to establish a rapid and highly sensitive prenatal diagnostic test for sickle cell anemia. The first involves the primer-mediated enzymatic amplification of specific beta-globin target sequences in genomic DNA, resulting in the exponential increase (220,000 times) of target DNA copies. In the second technique, the presence of the beta A and beta S alleles is determined by restriction endonuclease digestion of an end-labeled oligonucleotide probe hybridized in solution to the amplified beta-globin sequences. The beta-globin genotype can be determined in less than 1 day on samples containing significantly less than 1 microgram of genomic DNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saiki, R K -- Scharf, S -- Faloona, F -- Mullis, K B -- Horn, G T -- Erlich, H A -- Arnheim, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1350-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999980" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/*diagnosis/genetics ; Base Sequence ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Escherichia coli ; *Gene Amplification ; Globins/*genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1985-01-25
    Description: An in vitro model was developed to study the hepatic phase of Plasmodium falciparum, the only malaria parasite lethal to man. Primary cultures of human hepatocytes were inoculated with sporozoites of Brazilian and African strains of P. falciparum. On days 1 through 7 after inoculation examination of fluorescence-labeled and Giemsa-stained preparations demonstrated the presence of many intracellular parasites. In three separate sets of experiments all cultures were found to be infected with as many as 650 liver schizonts measuring up to 40 micrometers. After the addition of red blood cells, intraerythrocytic forms of P. falciparum were detected on days 12 and 13 by an immunofluorescence assay, indicating that the hepatic cycle had been completed in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mazier, D -- Beaudoin, R L -- Mellouk, S -- Druilhe, P -- Texier, B -- Trosper, J -- Miltgen, F -- Landau, I -- Paul, C -- Brandicourt, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):440-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3880923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Azure Stains ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Liver/*parasitology ; Plasmodium falciparum/cytology/*growth & development ; Time Factors
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  • 22
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-11-01
    Description: Transposon mutagenesis of the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus with the transposon Tn5 revealed a special class of bacterial mutants that transduced the transposon through culture supernatant fluids. Virus-like particles copurified with transducing activity. Transposon tagging for detecting these virus-like particles may be generally useful in isolating endogenous viral agents capable of transferring genetic information between cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Starich, T -- Cordes, P -- Zissler, J -- CA 09138/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM 19557/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):541-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996138" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteriophages/*analysis ; Centrifugation, Isopycnic ; *DNA Transposable Elements ; Microscopy, Electron ; *Mutation ; Myxococcales/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Virion/analysis
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  • 23
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-07-19
    Description: In addition to nerve growth factor (NGF), many proteins present in soluble tissue extracts and in the extracellular matrix influence the survival and development of cultured neurons. The structure, synthesis, and mechanism of action of NGF as a neurotrophic factor are considered along with the experiments on the new putative trophic molecules.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thoenen, H -- Edgar, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 19;229(4710):238-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2409599" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Cyclic AMP/physiology ; DNA/genetics ; Extracellular Matrix/physiology ; Humans ; Ion Channels/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Myocardium/cytology ; Nerve Growth Factors/genetics/isolation & purification/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Protein Precursors/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology ; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor ; Sympathetic Nervous System/cytology
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: An earlier finding that lymphocytes from African patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) react with rabbit antiserum to purified antigens of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) prompted a study of the possible cross-reactions between a BLV-infected ovine cell line and human lymphocytes inoculated with a strain of lymphadenopathy syndrome-associated virus (LAV). A solid-phase radioimmunoassay was used to detect antigenic markers of the retroviruses. Crude extracts from short-term cultures of lymphocytes infected with LAV bound rabbit antisera to the LAV glycoprotein gp13 (molecular weight 13,000) and the BLV proteins p24 and gp51, but did not bind antibodies to the p24 of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Antiserum to LAV gp13 reacted with an ovine cell line producing BLV but also weakly with virus-free ovine cells. Lymphocyte cultures from four African patients with AIDS expressed BLV-related antigens within 6 to 10 days of culture, at the moment when particle-bound reverse transcriptase was produced. BLV-related antigens were induced in lymphocyte cultures from healthy individuals by addition of filtered supernatant or irradiated cells of the original culture. The antisera to BLV used in this study may prove useful for the detection of AIDS-associated viruses in short-term cultures of lymphocytes from AIDS patients or their contacts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thiry, L -- Sprecher-Goldberger, S -- Jacquemin, P -- Cogniaux, J -- Burny, A -- Bruck, C -- Portetelle, D -- Cran, S -- Clumeck, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1482-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2579433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Animals ; Antigens, Viral/analysis/*immunology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross Reactions ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Epitopes/immunology ; Humans ; Leukemia Virus, Bovine/*immunology ; Lymph Nodes/microbiology ; Lymphocytes/immunology/*microbiology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; Sheep ; Viral Proteins/immunology
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: A complementary DNA library was constructed from messenger RNA's extracted from the brains of mice infected with the scrapie agent. The library was differentially screened with the objectives of finding clones that might be used as markers of infection and finding clones of genes whose increased expression might be correlated with the pathological changes common to scrapie and Alzheimer's disease. A gene was identified whose expression is increased in scrapie. The complementary DNA corresponding to this gene hybridized preferentially and focally to cells in the brains of scrapie-infected animals. The cloned DNA also hybridized to the neuritic plaques found with increased frequency in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wietgrefe, S -- Zupancic, M -- Haase, A -- Chesebro, B -- Race, R -- Frey, W 2nd -- Rustan, T -- Friedman, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1177-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3840915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics/pathology ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism/pathology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Scrapie/*genetics/pathology ; Sheep
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: The DNA genomes of human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) isolated from 18 individuals with AIDS or who were at risk for AIDS were evaluated for evidence of variation. Although all of the 18 viral DNA's hybridized throughout their entire genomes to a full-length cloned probe of the original HTLV-III isolate, each of the 18 isolates showed a different restriction enzyme pattern. The number of restriction site differences between isolates ranged from only 1 site in 23 to at least 16 sites in 31. No particular viral genotype was associated with a particular disease state and 2 of the 18 patients had evidence of concurrent infection by more than one viral genotype. Propagation of three different viral isolates in vitro for up to 9 months did not lead to detectable changes in their restriction patterns. These findings indicate that different isolates of HTLV-III comprise a spectrum of highly related but distinguishable viruses and have important implications regarding the pathogenicity of HTLV-III and attempts to develop effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive measures for this virus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wong-Staal, F -- Shaw, G M -- Hahn, B H -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Popovic, M -- Markham, P -- Redfield, R -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):759-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2992084" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; Carrier State ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: Consistent chromosomal translocations in neoplastic cells may alter the expression of proto-oncogenes that are located near the breakpoints. The complementary DNA sequence of the human insulin receptor is similar to those of the EGF receptor (erbB oncogene) and products of the src family of oncogenes. With in situ hybridization and Southern blot analysis of somatic cell hybrid DNA, the human insulin receptor gene was mapped to the distal short arm of chromosome 19 (bands p13.2----p13.3), a site involved in a nonrandom translocation in pre-B-cell acute leukemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yang-Feng, T L -- Francke, U -- Ullrich, A -- GM 26105/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):728-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3873110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; *Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 19-20 ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptor, Insulin/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 1985-03-08
    Description: Transfection of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells with a plasmid carrying the ras oncogene of Harvey murine sarcoma virus (v-Ha ras) changed the growth requirements, terminal differentiation, and tumorigenicity of the recipient cells. One of the cell lines isolated after transfection (TBE-1) was studied extensively and shown to contain v-Ha ras DNA. Total cellular RNA from TBE-1 cells hybridized to v-Ha ras structural gene fragment probes five to eight times more than RNA from parental NHBE cells. The TBE-1 cells expressed phosphorylated v-Ha ras polypeptide p21, showed a reduced requirement for growth-factor supplements, and became aneuploid as an early cellular response to v-Ha ras expression. As the transfectants acquire an indefinite life-span and anchorage independence they became transplantable tumor cells and showed many phenotypic changes suggesting a pleiotropic mechanism for the role of Ha ras in human carcinogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoakum, G H -- Lechner, J F -- Gabrielson, E W -- Korba, B E -- Malan-Shibley, L -- Willey, J C -- Valerio, M G -- Shamsuddin, A M -- Trump, B F -- Harris, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1174-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bronchi/*cytology/microbiology ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic/genetics ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Culture Media ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium/microbiology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Rats ; *Transfection
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 1985-08-23
    Description: The human c-mos proto-oncogene is located on chromosome 8 at band q22, close to the breakpoint in the t(8;21) (q22;q22) chromosome rearrangement. This translocation is associated with acute myeloblastic leukemia, subgroup M2. The c-myc gene, another proto-oncogene, has been mapped to 8q24. The breakpoint at 8q22 separates these genes, as determined by in situ hybridization of c-mos and c-myc probes. The c-mos gene remains on the 8q-chromosome and the c-myc gene is translocated to the 21q+ chromosome. Southern blot analysis of DNA from bone marrow cells of four patients with this translocation showed no rearrangement of c-mos.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diaz, M O -- Le Beau, M M -- Rowley, J D -- Drabkin, H A -- Patterson, D -- CA 16910/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 25568/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD 13432/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 23;229(4715):767-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3860954" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; *Translocation, Genetic
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 1985-02-01
    Description: Potomac horse fever, a disease characterized by fever, anorexia, leukopenia, and occasional diarrhea, is fatal in approximately 30 percent of affected animals. The seasonal occurrence of the disease (June to October) and evidence of antibodies to the rickettsia Ehrlichia sennetsu in the serum of convalescing horses suggested that a related rickettsia might be the causative agent. Such an agent was isolated in cultured blood monocytes from an experimentally infected pony. This intracytoplasmic organism was adapted to growth in primary cultures of canine blood monocytes. A healthy pony inoculated with these infected monocytes also developed the disease. The organism was reisolated from this animal which, at autopsy, had pathological manifestations typical of Potomac horse fever. Cross serologic reactions between the newly isolated agent and antisera to 15 rickettsiae revealed that it is related to certain members of the genus Ehrlichia, particularly to Ehrlichia sennetsu. Since the disease occurs in other parts of the United States as well as in the vicinity of the Potomac River, and since it has also been reported in Europe, the name equine monocytic ehrlichiosis is proposed as being more descriptive.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holland, C J -- Ristic, M -- Cole, A I -- Johnson, P -- Baker, G -- Goetz, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 1;227(4686):522-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3880925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Bacterial/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross Reactions ; Ehrlichia/growth & development/immunology/*isolation & ; purification/ultrastructure ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Horse Diseases/blood/*microbiology/transmission ; Horses ; Monocytes/*microbiology ; Rickettsiaceae/*isolation & purification ; Rickettsiaceae Infections/blood/microbiology/transmission/*veterinary ; Terminology as Topic ; Vacuoles/ultrastructure
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  • 31
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: The sites of transcript accumulation for six different homeotic loci of the Antennapedia and bithorax gene complexes (ANT-C and BX-C) were identified within embryo tissue sections by in situ hybridization. These six loci belong to the Antennapedia class of the homeo box gene family. Transcripts encoded by each locus are detected primarily in discrete, nonoverlapping regions of the embryonic central nervous system (CNS). The regions of the CNS that contain transcripts encoded by each of these loci correspond to the embryonic segments that are disrupted in mutants for these genes. The maintenance of spatially restricted expression of each ANT-C and BX-C locus could involve hierarchical, cross-regulatory interactions that are mediated by the homeo box protein domains encoded by these genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harding, K -- Wedeen, C -- McGinnis, W -- Levine, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1236-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3898362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Central Nervous System/growth & development ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drosophila/*genetics/growth & development/physiology ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: Infection of normal peripheral blood T cells by the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated retrovirus (ARV) was evaluated in long-term cultures of helper-inducer T cells (T4 cells). Cells that were inoculated with ARV and maintained in medium supplemented with interleukin-2 remained productively infected with this virus for more than 4 months in culture, although they showed no cytopathic effects characteristic of acute ARV infection. The presence of replicating virus was demonstrated by reverse transcriptase activity of culture fluids and by viral antigens and budding particles detected on cells by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Virus produced in these cultures remained infectious and could induce cytopathic effects and viral antigens in uninfected lymphoid cells. The finding that normal lymphocytes may be productively infected by an AIDS retrovirus in the absence of cell death suggests that a range of biologic effects may occur after infection in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoxie, J A -- Haggarty, B S -- Rackowski, J L -- Pillsbury, N -- Levy, J A -- CA-34980/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1400-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/*microbiology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Retroviridae Infections/immunology/microbiology ; T-Lymphocytes/*microbiology
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: Regulation of transcription of members of the ras gene family undoubtably plays an important role in controlling cellular growth. Examination of this level of regulation requires identification of the promoter regions of the ras proto-oncogenes. Four major transcriptional start sites were detected in the human Harvey ras 1 proto-oncogene. The promoter region contains neither a TATA box nor a CAAT box in their characteristic upstream positions, has an extremely high G+C content (80 percent), and contains multiple GC boxes including seven CCGCCC repeats and three repeats of the inverted complement, GGGCGG. This region has strong promoter activity when placed upstream from the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene and transfected into monkey CV1 cells. In these ways the Harvey ras 1 proto-oncogene promoter resembles the promoter of the gene encoding the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. The similarity between the two proto-oncogene promoters may be relevant to the mechanism by which the expression of such "growth control" genes is regulated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ishii, S -- Merlino, G T -- Pastan, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1378-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; *Genes ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmids ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: The genes encoding the alpha chain of the human T-cell receptor have been mapped to chromosome 14, the chromosome on which the human immunoglobulin heavy chain locus resides. Thus, genes encoding two different classes of antigen receptor are present on the same chromosome. Furthermore, breaks involving chromosome 14 are frequently seen in tumors of T-cell origin. The potential relation of these chromosome abnormalities to alpha-chain genes is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, C -- Morse, H G -- Kao, F T -- Carbone, A -- Palmer, E -- CA-18734/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HD-02080/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-17717/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):83-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3919444" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Disorders ; *Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, 13-15 ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin alpha-Chains/*genetics ; Leukemia/genetics ; Lymphoma/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 1985-01-18
    Description: The T-cell receptor for antigen (Ti) was purified from the human tumor cell line HPB-ALL. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of an acid-cleaved peptide of the Ti alpha chain showed that it is highly homologous to a putative murine alpha chain recently described. Amino-terminal sequence analysis of the Ti beta chain revealed that it shares 50 percent homology with the Ti beta chain amino acid sequences from two other human T-cell tumors. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a complementary DNA clone encoding the Ti beta chain from the HPB-MLT cell line showed that this chain represents a second human constant region gene segment and suggested that it arises from direct joining of the variable and joining gene segments without any intervening D region sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jones, N -- Leiden, J -- Dialynas, D -- Fraser, J -- Clabby, M -- Kishimoto, T -- Strominger, J L -- Andrews, D -- Lane, W -- Woody, J -- 5 R01 AI15669/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI10736/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Y001CP00502/CP/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 18;227(4684):311-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3871253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/genetics ; Leukemia, Lymphoid/immunology ; Lymphoma/immunology ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 36
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: While a number of oncogenes are expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner, their role in the control of cell proliferation can only be established by a direct functional assay. The c-myc protein, upon microinjection into nuclei of quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells, cooperated with platelet-poor plasma in the stimulation of cellular DNA synthesis. This suggests that c-myc protein, like platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), may act as a competence factor in the cell cycle to promote the progression of cells to S phase. The presence in the medium of an antibody against PDGF abolished DNA synthesis induced by microinjected PDGF; however, the microinjected c-myc protein stimulated DNA synthesis even when its own antibody was present in the medium. The c-myc protein may act as an intracellular competence factor, while PDGF expresses its biological activity only from outside the cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaczmarek, L -- Hyland, J K -- Watt, R -- Rosenberg, M -- Baserga, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1313-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001943" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Mice ; *Oncogenes ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Endothelial cells, which line the interior walls of blood vessels, proliferate at the site of blood vessel injury. Knowledge of the factors that control the proliferation of these cells would help elucidate the role of endothelial cells in wound healing, tumor growth, and arteriosclerosis. In vitro, endothelial cells organize into viable, three-dimensional tubular structures in environments that limit cell proliferation. The process of endothelial cell organization was found to result in decreased levels of the sis messenger RNA transcript and increased levels of the messenger RNA transcript for fibronectin. This situation was reversed on transition from the organized structure to a proliferative monolayer. These results suggest a reciprocity for two biological response modifiers involved in the regulation of endothelial cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaye, M -- McConathy, E -- Drohan, W -- Tong, B -- Deuel, T -- Maciag, T -- 14147/PHS HHS/ -- 310765/PHS HHS/ -- 4807/PHS HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):882-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; Endothelium/*cytology/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibronectins/biosynthesis/genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Growth Substances/pharmacology ; Humans ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: Induction of cytochrome P1-450 has been linked to susceptibility to certain chemically induced cancers in mouse and man. Treatment of the human cell line MCF-7 with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) results in high levels of aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (P1-450) activity. This cell line was used to isolate a human P1-450 full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) clone. The cDNA is 2566 nucleotides in length, encodes a polyadenylated messenger RNA (2.8 kilobases in length), and has a continuous reading frame producing a protein with 512 residues (molecular weight, 58,151). The human P1-450 cDNA and protein are 63 percent and 80 percent similar to mouse P1-450 cDNA and protein, respectively. Whereas the mouse TCDD-inducible P-450 gene subfamily has two members (P1-450 and P3-450), the human TCDD-inducible gene subfamily appears to have only one gene (P1-450).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaiswal, A K -- Gonzalez, F J -- Nebert, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):80-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3838385" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carcinogens/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*genetics ; DNA/*genetics ; Dioxins/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Induction ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rabbits ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/*pharmacology
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: Mutagenesis was studied in cultured F9 embryonal carcinoma cells infected with a variant of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Proviral insertion induced the inactivation of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus, and the virus was used to isolate the mutated genes rapidly. Mutagenesis by these methods may be useful for the genetic dissection of the various mammalian cell phenotypes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, W -- Patel, M D -- Lobel, L I -- Goff, S P -- Nguyen-Huu, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):554-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3838595" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA/genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Mice ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/physiology ; *Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rats ; Retroviridae/*physiology ; Teratoma/*genetics/microbiology
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  • 40
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-05-17
    Description: Primary cultures of astrocytes from neonatal rat brain were incubated with tritiated serotonin. After fixation they were stained by immunofluorescence for the astrocyte-specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein and processed for autoradiography. Silver grain density was increased over cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and was reduced to background levels when sodium was omitted from the medium or the specific inhibitors of serotonin uptake fluoxetine and chlorimipramine were present. The results indicate that mammalian astrocytes can take up serotonin by a sodium-dependent, high-affinity system previously thought to be the exclusive property of serotonergic nerve endings.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kimelberg, H K -- Katz, D M -- NS 19492/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 17;228(4701):889-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3890180" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astrocytes/analysis/drug effects/*metabolism ; Autoradiography ; Biological Transport ; Cells, Cultured ; Clomipramine/pharmacology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluoxetine/pharmacology ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/analysis ; Rats ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Sodium/pharmacology
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 1985-08-09
    Description: Microfluorometric recordings were made of changes in the concentration of cytosolic-free calcium in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells treated with quin 2, an intracellularly trapped dye, under several conditions. Nitroglycerin decreased calcium in both the presence and absence of extracellular calcium and strongly and progressively decreased the extent of transient increases in calcium induced by repeated applications of caffeine in the absence of extracellular calcium. Therefore nitroglycerin probably decreases cytosolic-free calcium by accelerating the extrusion of calcium through the sarcolemmal membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kobayashi, S -- Kanaide, H -- Nakamura, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Aug 9;229(4713):553-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3927484" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminoquinolines ; Animals ; Aorta ; Caffeine/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects/*metabolism ; Nitroglycerin/pharmacology ; Photomicrography ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Rats
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 1985-06-07
    Description: Infection of human T cells by human T-lymphotropic virus, type I (HTLV-I), a retrovirus, is uniformly associated with the constitutive expression of large numbers of cellular receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2). Comparison with normal T cells shows that neither IL-2 receptor gene organization nor IL-2 receptor messenger RNA processing are altered in the leukemic cells. However, mitogenic stimuli activate IL-2 receptor gene expression in normal T cells, whereas these stimuli paradoxically inhibit IL-2 receptor gene transcription in HTLV-I-infected leukemic T cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kronke, M -- Leonard, W J -- Depper, J M -- Greene, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 7;228(4704):1215-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988127" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Nucleus/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/genetics ; Deltaretrovirus ; Humans ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Molecular Weight ; Poly A/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Immunologic/*genetics ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 43
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-03-08
    Description: Cholesterol accumulates within smooth muscle cells and macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions, thereby contributing to the progressive enlargement of these lesions. The mechanism of this cellular accumulation of cholesterol is not known. The possibility that platelets may have a role in the cellular cholesterol accumulation that occurs during atherogenesis was investigated. Incubation of thrombin-activated washed rat platelets (or platelet-free supernatants prepared from thrombin-activated platelets) with cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells induced cholesteryl ester lipid droplet accumulation within the smooth muscle cells. No cholesteryl ester lipid droplets accumulated when smooth muscle cells were incubated with unactivated platelets. Smooth muscle cell lipid droplet accumulation occurred in the absence of serum lipoproteins and was not inhibited by mevinolin, a drug that blocks cholesterol synthesis. These findings suggest that activated platelets may release cholesterol, which can be accumulated by cells and stored as lipid droplets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kruth, H S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 8;227(4691):1243-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975612" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/physiopathology ; Arteriosclerosis/*physiopathology ; Blood Platelets/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol/*physiology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*cytology/physiopathology ; Platelet Aggregation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Thrombin/physiology
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  • 44
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-06-21
    Description: Repeated administration of morphine in increasing doses delayed normal cell death in the ciliary ganglion of the chick embryo; the effect was completely blocked by naloxone. Survival of spinal motoneurons was not affected. Morphine also inhibited potassium-stimulated synthesis of acetylcholine in ganglion cells cultured with muscle, suggesting that morphine can influence neurotransmission. Morphine's effect on cell death may be due to an inhibition of transmission at the neuromuscular junction, but opiates may also directly affect cell death. Although it is now known whether the endogenous opiates in the ciliary ganglion influence neuronal survival during embryogenesis, exogenous opiates can affect normal cell death in the autonomic nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meriney, S D -- Gray, D B -- Pilar, G -- NS 10338/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 19640/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2990029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Animals ; Birds ; Cell Survival/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Ganglia, Parasympathetic/*cytology/drug effects/metabolism ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Spinal Nerves/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: The T-cell antigen receptor is a cell-surface molecule that participates in the immune response. In the present experiments the genes encoding the beta chain of the T-cell receptor were found to reside on the long arm of human chromosome 7 at or near band q32. Related sequences were found on the short arm of chromosome 7 in bands p15-21 in some experiments. Chromosomal rearrangements in T-cells from normal individuals and patients with ataxia telangiectasia have previously been observed at and near these map assignments for the beta-chain genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morton, C C -- Duby, A D -- Eddy, R L -- Shows, T B -- Seidman, J G -- CA-07511/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM-20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD-05196/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):582-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3983642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ataxia Telangiectasia/genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations/genetics ; Chromosome Disorders ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*genetics
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: When vole cells that had been transformed by Rous sarcoma virus were treated with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA), specific phosphorylation of pp60v-src was increased. Partial V8 protease mapping indicated that the increased phosphorylation occurred exclusively on serine residues located in the amino terminus of the molecule. Treatment of cells with dimethyl sulfoxide or 4 alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate did not elicit this response. Two-dimensional tryptic phosphopeptide mapping of pp60v-src immunoprecipitated from untreated and TPA-treated cells indicated that a specific tryptic amino-terminal peptide was hyperphosphorylated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Purchio, A F -- Shoyab, M -- Gentry, L E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1393-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae ; Carcinogens/*pharmacology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) ; Phorbol Esters/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Sarcoma, Avian/*genetics ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/*metabolism
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: Unexplained debilitating dementia or encephalopathy occurs frequently in adults and children with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Brains from 15 individuals with AIDS and encephalopathy were examined by Southern analysis and in situ hybridization for the presence of human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III (HTLV-III), the virus believed to be the causative agent of AIDS. HTLV-III DNA was detected in the brains of five patients, and viral-specific RNA was detected in four of these. In view of these findings and the recent demonstration of morphologic and genetic relatedness between HTLV-III and visna virus, a lentivirus that causes a chronic degenerative neurologic disease in sheep, HTLV-III should be evaluated further as a possible cause of AIDS encephalopathy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shaw, G M -- Harper, M E -- Hahn, B H -- Epstein, L G -- Gajdusek, D C -- Price, R W -- Navia, B A -- Petito, C K -- O'Hara, C J -- Groopman, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):177-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2981429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/microbiology ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Brain Diseases/*microbiology ; Cerebral Cortex/analysis/*microbiology ; Child ; Deltaretrovirus/*isolation & purification ; Dementia/microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Viral/analysis
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 1985-04-12
    Description: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a soluble protein that causes damage to tumor cells but has no effect on normal cells. Human TNF was purified to apparent homogeneity as a 17.3-kilodalton protein from HL-60 leukemia cells and showed cytotoxic and cytostatic activities against various human tumor cell lines. The amino acid sequence was determined for the amino terminal end of the purified protein, and oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes were synthesized on the basis of this sequence. Complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding human TNF was cloned from induced HL-60 messenger RNA and was confirmed by hybrid-selection assay, direct expression in COS-7 cells, and nucleotide sequence analysis. The human TNF cDNA is 1585 base pairs in length and encodes a protein of 233 amino acids. The mature protein begins at residue 77, leaving a long leader sequence of 76 amino acids. Expression of high levels of human TNF in Escherichia coli was accomplished under control of the bacteriophage lambda PL promoter and gene N ribosome binding site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, A M -- Creasey, A A -- Ladner, M B -- Lin, L S -- Strickler, J -- Van Arsdell, J N -- Yamamoto, R -- Mark, D F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 12;228(4696):149-54.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/*genetics/isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Xenopus
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: In an attempt to establish a model of the healthy carrier state in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, transgenic mice expressing HBV genes were produced. Fertilized one-cell eggs were microinjected with subgenomic fragments of HBV DNA containing the coding regions for the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and pre-S and X antigens. Either the normal (HBV) or metallothionein promoters were used to obtain expression of the HBV genes. There was no evidence of viral replication or tissue pathology. The integrated HBV DNA sequences were inherited in a normal Mendelian fashion. Three of 16 transgenic mice expressed HBV-encoded gene products to which they were immunologically tolerant. Expression was not tissue specific and may be influenced by the genomic integration site and cellular factors. Both HBsAg and pre-S antigen were detectable within the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells. High serum concentrations of HBsAg were detectable and the secreted product appeared authentic as judged by mean density, morphology, mean particle diameter, polypeptide composition, and antigenicity. The absence of tissue pathology in these immunologically tolerant animals supports the hypothesis that cellular injury under these conditions is not a direct consequence of expression of the pre-S or HBs regions of the HBV genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chisari, F V -- Pinkert, C A -- Milich, D R -- Filippi, P -- McLachlan, A -- Palmiter, R D -- Brinster, R L -- AI00585/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI20001/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI20720/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1157-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3865369" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier State/*genetics/immunology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; *Genetic Engineering ; Hepatitis B/*genetics/immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/*genetics ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics ; Humans ; Liver/microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: Cotton-top tamarins were inoculated with sufficient Epstein-Barr virus to induce multiple tumors in each animal within 14 to 21 days. The tumors consisted of large-cell lymphomas that contained multiple copies of the Epstein-Barr virus genome and generated Epstein-Barr virus-carrying cell lines showing no detectable consistent chromosomal abnormality. Hybridization of tumor DNA with immunoglobulin gene probes revealed that each lymphoma was oligo- or monoclonal in origin and that individual tumors from the same animal arose from different B-cell clones. Thus the virus induced multiple transformation events in tamarins in vivo to cause malignant tumors resembling the Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphomas of patients with organ transplants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleary, M L -- Epstein, M A -- Finerty, S -- Dorfman, R F -- Bornkamm, G W -- Kirkwood, J K -- Morgan, A J -- Sklar, J -- CA 34233/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):722-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*microbiology ; Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics/*microbiology ; Cell Line ; DNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Heart Transplantation ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/microbiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Saguinus
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 1985-05-03
    Description: A porcine class I major histocompatibility complex (SLA) gene has been introduced into the genome of a C57BL/10 mouse. This transgenic mouse expressed SLA antigen on its cell surfaces and transmitted the gene to offspring, in which the gene is also expressed. Skin grafts of such transgenic mice were rejected by normal C57BL/10 mice, suggesting that the foreign SLA antigen expressed in the transgenic mice is recognized as a functional transplantation antigen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frels, W I -- Bluestone, J A -- Hodes, R J -- Capecchi, M R -- Singer, D S -- GM 07825/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 2116B/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 3;228(4699):577-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3885396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA/genetics ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Engineering ; Graft Rejection ; H-2 Antigens/genetics ; *Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Microinjections ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Skin Transplantation ; Swine
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 1985-12-06
    Description: A novel potential cell surface receptor of the tyrosine kinase gene family has been identified and characterized by molecular cloning. Its primary sequence is very similar to that of the human epidermal growth factor receptor and the v-erbB oncogene product; the chromosomal location of the gene for this protein is coincident with the neu oncogene, which suggests that the two genes may be identical.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coussens, L -- Yang-Feng, T L -- Liao, Y C -- Chen, E -- Gray, A -- McGrath, J -- Seeburg, P H -- Libermann, T A -- Schlessinger, J -- Francke, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 6;230(4730):1132-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA/genetics ; Fetus/metabolism ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 1985-01-04
    Description: The eye lens of the Fraser mouse contains a dominantly inherited cataract with reduced amounts of seven distinct but homologous gamma crystallins encoded by a family of gamma-crystallin genes. The results of experiments with cultured lenses, cell-free RNA translation, and Northern blot hybridization indicated a specific loss of the family of gamma-crystallin messenger RNA's in the Fraser mouse lens. Southern blot hybridization of genomic DNA's from normal and Fraser mice showed no differences in gamma-crystallin coding sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garber, A T -- Winkler, C -- Shinohara, T -- King, C R -- Inana, G -- Piatigorsky, J -- Gold, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 4;227(4682):74-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3964960" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cataract/*genetics ; Crystallins/*genetics ; Genes ; Lens, Crystalline/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 1985-03-22
    Description: Endothelial cell functions, such as arachidonic acid metabolism, may be modulated by membrane stresses induced by blood flow. The production of prostacyclin by primary human endothelial cell cultures subjected to pulsatile and steady flow shear stress was measured. The onset of flow led to a sudden increase in prostacyclin production, which decreased to a steady rate within several minutes. The steady-state production rate of cells subjected to pulsatile shear stress was more than twice that of cells exposed to steady shear stress and 16 times greater than that of cells in stationary culture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frangos, J A -- Eskin, S G -- McIntire, L V -- Ives, C L -- HL-17437/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-18672/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-23016/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 22;227(4693):1477-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3883488" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Blood Circulation ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium/cytology/*metabolism ; Epoprostenol/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Models, Biological ; Stress, Mechanical
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 1985-09-20
    Description: A complementary DNA clone encoding the alpha subunit of the adenylate cyclase stimulatory G protein (Gs) was isolated and identified. A bovine brain complementary DNA library was screened with an oligonucleotide probe derived from amino acid sequence common to known G proteins. The only clone that was obtained with this probe has a complementary DNA insert of approximately 1670 base pairs. An antibody to a peptide synthesized according to deduced amino acid sequence reacts specifically with the alpha subunit of Gs. In addition, RNA that hybridizes with probes made from the clone is detected in wild-type S49 cells; however, cyc- S49 cells, which are deficient in Gs alpha activity, are devoid of this messenger RNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harris, B A -- Robishaw, J D -- Mumby, S M -- Gilman, A G -- GM09731/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM34497/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 20;229(4719):1274-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3839937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cattle ; Cerebral Cortex ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*analysis ; Enzyme Activation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Retina
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 1985-02-15
    Description: Addition of norepinephrine to primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes stimulates the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has been observed in serum-free medium containing epidermal growth factor and insulin. Stimulation of DNA synthesis by norepinephrine was strongly antagonized by the alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin but not by an alpha 2 antagonist or by a beta-adrenergic blocker. The beta agonist isoproterenol did not stimulate significant DNA synthesis. These results indicate that catecholamines interact with the alpha 1 adrenoreceptor to stimulate DNA synthesis in hepatocytes. Since alpha 1 receptors are present in most cells, this receptor may be important in cell growth regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cruise, J L -- Houck, K A -- Michalopoulos, G K -- CA 35373/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM07184/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 15;227(4688):749-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2982212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Female ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Liver/*cytology ; Liver Regeneration ; Norepinephrine/*physiology ; Prazosin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/drug effects/*physiology ; Yohimbine/pharmacology
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 1985-04-05
    Description: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by a genetic deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). A full-length complementary DNA clone of human PAH was inserted into a eukaryotic expression vector and transferred into mouse NIH3T3 cells which do not normally express PAH. The transformed mouse cells expressed PAH messenger RNA, immunoreactive protein, and enzymatic activity that are characteristic of the normal human liver products, demonstrating that a single gene contains all of the necessary genetic information to code for functional PAH. These results support the use of the human PAH probe in prenatal diagnosis and detection of carriers, to provide new opportunities for the biochemical characterization of normal and mutant enzymes, and in the investigation of alternative genetic therapies for PKU.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ledley, F D -- Grenett, H E -- DiLella, A G -- Kwok, S C -- Woo, S L -- HD-06495/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-17711/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 5;228(4695):77-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3856322" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; *Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Phenylalanine Hydroxylase/*genetics ; Phenylketonurias/diagnosis/genetics ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Rats
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: A scheme for partial purification of biologically active v-sis-coded protein from cells transformed with simian sarcoma virus (SSV) has made possible a functional comparison of the transforming protein with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). The SSV-transforming gene product is capable of specifically binding PDGF receptors, stimulating tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGF receptors, and inducing DNA synthesis in quiescent fibroblasts. Each of these activities was specifically inhibited by antibodies to different regions of the v-sis gene product. Moreover, viral infection of a variety of cell types revealed a strict correlation between those cells possessing PDGF receptors and those susceptible to transformation by SSV. These findings provide evidence that SSV-transforming activity is mediated by the interaction of a virus-coded mitogen with PDGF receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leal, F -- Williams, L T -- Robbins, K C -- Aaronson, S A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):327-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996133" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; *Genes ; *Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Mink ; Molecular Weight ; Muscle, Smooth/metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/isolation & purification/*metabolism ; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey/*genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: The human interleukin-2 receptor is an inducible growth factor receptor present on the surface of activated T lymphocytes. The receptor is required for a normal T-cell immune response. High-resolution fluorescence-activated chromosome sorting and DNA spot-blot analysis with complementary DNA's for the interleukin-2 receptor indicated that the receptor gene was located on chromosome 9, 10, 11, or 12. In situ hybridization studies showed that the interleukin-2 receptor gene is on the short arm of chromosome 10, p14----15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leonard, W J -- Donlon, T A -- Lebo, R V -- Greene, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1547-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3925551" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA/analysis ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology ; Receptors, Immunologic/*genetics ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; T-Lymphocytes/analysis/immunology
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  • 60
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-07-26
    Description: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is essential for the development and differentiation of sympathetic or sensory neurons. A complementary DNA was cloned that corresponds to a gene sequence induced more than 50-fold in a cultured target cell line of pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) 5 hours after the addition of NGF. The induced messenger RNA encodes a 90,000-dalton polypeptide that may represent one of the primary events in NGF-induced differentiation of neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levi, A -- Eldridge, J D -- Paterson, B M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 26;229(4711):393-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3839317" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/genetics ; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chickens ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes ; Nerve Growth Factors/*physiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pheochromocytoma/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Rabbits ; Rats
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 1985-09-27
    Description: The retrovirus frequently isolated from patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has two novel open reading frames previously designated "A" and "B." The "A" region was found to be specifically expressed as polyadenylated RNA's of 5.5 and 5.0 kilobases in infected cells. The "B" region was expressed as 1.8- to 2.0-kilobase RNA species. Additional full-length and spliced messenger RNA's of the env region were also identified.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rabson, A B -- Daugherty, D F -- Venkatesan, S -- Boulukos, K E -- Benn, S I -- Folks, T M -- Feorino, P -- Martin, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 27;229(4720):1388-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/*microbiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 1985-11-08
    Description: A panel of human-mouse somatic cell hybrids and specific complementary DNA probes were used to map the human tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase genes to human chromosomes 8 and 10, respectively. This result is in contrast to a previous assignment of a plasminogen activator gene to chromosome 6. As neoplastic cells produce high levels of plasminogen activator, it is of interest that aberrations of chromosome 8 have been linked to various leukemias and lymphomas and that two human oncogenes, c-mos and c-myc, have also been mapped to chromosome 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rajput, B -- Degen, S F -- Reich, E -- Waller, E K -- Axelrod, J -- Eddy, R L -- Shows, T B -- GM20454/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD05196/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 8;230(4726):672-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3840278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA/genetics ; Genes ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Leukemia/genetics ; Lymphoma/genetics ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oncogenes ; Plasminogen Activators/*genetics ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/*genetics
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 1985-07-12
    Description: Supernatants from cultures of human monocytes that had been stimulated with endotoxin or silica induced the synthesis of prostacyclin in endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The lymphokine mediating these effects on the cells of the blood vessel wall was identified as interleukin-1; interferons and interleukin-2 were inactive. Interleukin-1-induced prostacyclin synthesis represents a new aspect of the interaction between the immune system (as well as other tissues) and the vessel wall and may serve as a basis for the development of new strategies in antithrombotic therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rossi, V -- Breviario, F -- Ghezzi, P -- Dejana, E -- Mantovani, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jul 12;229(4709):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2409598" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Vessels/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium/*metabolism ; Epoprostenol/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Interferons/pharmacology ; Interleukin-1/*pharmacology ; Interleukin-2/pharmacology ; Monocytes/physiology ; Muscle, Smooth/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 1985-11-29
    Description: In situ hybridization was used to detect human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of some naturally infected (seropositive) individuals. A subpopulation of cells hybridized specifically to a portion of the HCMV genome that is heavily transcribed during the immediate-early period of infection. The hybridization signal was markedly reduced by base hydrolysis and ribonuclease, and therefore the probe appears to be detecting viral RNA. A fluorescence-activated cell sorter was used to select lymphocytes bearing the OKT4 and OKT8 markers. Hybridization with the HCMV probe revealed a higher proportion of positive cells in the OKT4 than in the OKT8 subset. This observation specifically identifies lymphocytes as a cell population involved in natural HCMV infection and suggests that lymphocytes may be a reservoir for maintaining infection and may also serve as a vehicle for its spread by blood transfusion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schrier, R D -- Nelson, J A -- Oldstone, M B -- AI-07007/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-21640/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA-35048/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1048-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2997930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; Antigens, Surface/analysis ; Cytomegalovirus/*isolation & purification ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/*microbiology ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/immunology/*microbiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Virus Replication
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 1985-03-01
    Description: Analysis of DNA from human embryo fibroblasts showed that ten Eco RI fragments were hybridizable with the Yamaguchi sarcoma virus oncogene (v-yes). Four of the Eco RI fragments were assigned to chromosome 18 and one to chromosome 6. There was evidence for multiple copies of yes-related genes in the human genome; however, only a single RNA species, 4.8 kilobases in length, was related to yes in various cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Semba, K -- Yamanashi, Y -- Nishizawa, M -- Sukegawa, J -- Yoshida, M -- Sasaki, M -- Yamamoto, T -- Toyoshima, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 1;227(4690):1038-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2983418" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, 16-18 ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; DNA/genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Transduction, Genetic
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 1985-10-18
    Description: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a virus with known carcinogenic potential, integrates into cellular DNA during long-term persistent infection in man. Hepatocellular carcinomas isolated from viral carriers often contain clonally propagated viral DNA integrations. As small chromosomal deletions are associated with several types of carcinomas, the occurrence of chromosomal deletions in association with HBV integration in hepatocellular carcinoma was studied. HBV integration was accompanied by a deletion of at least 13.5 kilobases of cellular sequences in a human hepatocellular carcinoma. The viral DNA integration and deletion of cellular sequences occurred on the short arm of chromosome 11 at location 11p13-11p14. The cellular sequences that were deleted at the site of HBV integration were lost from the tumor cells, leaving only a single copy of the remaining cellular allele.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rogler, C E -- Sherman, M -- Su, C Y -- Shafritz, D A -- Summers, J -- Shows, T B -- Henderson, A -- Kew, M -- AM17702/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA32605/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA37232-02/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Oct 18;230(4723):319-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2996131" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*genetics/microbiology ; *Chromosome Deletion ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Hepatitis B virus/*genetics ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/cytology ; Liver Neoplasms/*genetics/microbiology ; Mice ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: Cultured diploid fibroblasts from a patient with a previously undescribed inborn error of cobalamin metabolism accumulate unmetabolized, nonprotein-bound vitamin B12 in lysosomes. These cells are able to endocytose the transcobalamin II-B12 complex and to release B12 from transcobalamin II. The freed vitamin B12 is not released from lysosomes into the cytoplasm of the cell. This suggests that there is a specific lysosomal transport mechanism for vitamin B12 in the human.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenblatt, D S -- Hosack, A -- Matiaszuk, N V -- Cooper, B A -- Laframboise, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1319-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4001945" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Transport ; Cell Compartmentation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Endocytosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lysosomes/*metabolism ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors/*metabolism ; Vitamin B 12/*metabolism
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1367-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3877982" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Interleukin-2/immunology/*therapeutic use ; Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/*therapy ; United States
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  • 69
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-12-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Dec 20;230(4732):1365.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2999982" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*diagnosis/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Female ; Gene Amplification ; Genes ; Globins/genetics ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 1985-11-01
    Description: The major light-harvesting complex in cyanobacteria and red algae, the phycobilisome, is composed of chromophoric and nonchromophoric polypeptides. Two linked genes encoding major chromophoric components, the polypeptide subunits of phycocyanin, were isolated from the cyanobacterium Fremyella diplosiphon. Transcripts from this phycocyanin subunit gene cluster were present as major species in the cyanobacterium grown in red light, but not in cultures maintained in green light. The genes for the subunits of the red light-induced phycocyanin were transcribed together (beta-phycocyanin followed by alpha-phycocyanin) on two messenger RNA species; one contained 1600 bases while the other had 3800 bases. The latter, which encompassed the smaller transcript, contained additional sequences extending from the 3' end of the coding region of the alpha-phycocyanin gene. It may encode other light-induced components of the phycobilisome. Since phycocyanin, which effectively absorbs red light, becomes a dominant constituent of the phycobilisome in red light, these different levels may reflect an important adaptive mechanism of these organisms to their environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conley, P B -- Lemaux, P G -- Grossman, A R -- GM 33436-01/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Nov 1;230(4725):550-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3931221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cyanobacteria/*genetics ; Light ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Phycobilisomes ; Phycocyanin/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
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  • 71
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1985-03-29
    Description: The cells and tissues of patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), an inherited disease characterized by a high degree of proneness to cancer, are abnormally sensitive to ionizing radiation. Noncycling cultures of normal human and A-T fibroblasts were exposed to x-rays so that the breakage and rejoining of prematurely condensed chromosomes in the G1 phase could be compared. After a dose of 6.0 grays, both cell types had the same initial frequency of breaks and the same rate for rejoining of the breaks, but the fraction of breaks that did not rejoin was five to six times greater for the A-T cells. The results also show that progression of cells into the S phase is not a prerequisite for the increased frequency of chromosome fragments that appear in mitosis after A-T cells are irradiated in the G1 or G0 phase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cornforth, M N -- Bedford, J S -- CA 18023/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 36447/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Mar 29;227(4694):1589-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3975628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ataxia Telangiectasia/*genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin/radiation effects ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human/radiation effects ; DNA/radiation effects ; Humans ; X-Rays
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 1985-06-14
    Description: A cytochemical method was developed to differentially stain cellular DNA, RNA, and proteins with fluorochromes Hoechst 33342, pyronin Y, and fluorescein isothiocyanate, respectively. The fluorescence intensities, reflecting the DNA, RNA, and protein content of individual cells, were measured in a flow cytometer after sequential excitation by three lasers tuned to different excitation wavelengths. The method offers rapid analysis of changes in the cellular content of RNA and protein as well as in the RNA-protein, RNA-DNA, and protein-DNA ratios in relation to cell cycle position for large cell populations. An analysis of cycling cell populations (exponentially growing CHO cultures) and noncycling CHO cells arrested in the G1 phase by growth in isoleucine-free medium demonstrated the potential of the technique.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crissman, H A -- Darzynkiewicz, Z -- Tobey, R A -- Steinkamp, J A -- 1R0CA23296/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 28704/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P41-RR01315-02/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 14;228(4705):1321-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2408339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; DNA/*analysis ; DNA Replication ; Female ; Flow Cytometry/*instrumentation ; Ovary ; Proteins/*analysis ; RNA/*analysis ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 1985-01-11
    Description: A study was conducted of the genetic relation between human T-cell lymphotropic retroviruses and visna virus. The human T-cell lymphotropic viruses include those associated with T-cell malignancies (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) as well as the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HTLV-III). Visna virus, a slowly replicating and pathogenic but nononcogenic retrovirus of sheep, is a member of the subfamily Lentivirinae. Results obtained by molecular hybridization and heteroduplex analysis indicated that a greater extent of nucleotide sequence homology exists between HTLV-III and visna virus than between HTLV-III and any of the other viruses. The homology observed under conditions of low stringency spanned the entire genome, but was strongest in the gag/pol region. The morphogenesis and fine structure of HTLV-III and visna virus also demonstrated striking similarities. The data provide strong evidence for a close taxonomic and thus evolutionary relation between HTLV-III and the Lentivirinae subfamily.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonda, M A -- Wong-Staal, F -- Gallo, R C -- Clements, J E -- Narayan, O -- Gilden, R V -- N01-CO-23910/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):173-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2981428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics/ultrastructure ; Genes, Viral ; Microscopy, Electron ; Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Viral ; Visna-maedi virus/*genetics/ultrastructure
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 1985-04-19
    Description: The integration of retroviral genomes into cellular DNA can induce mutations by altering the expression of nearby cellular genes and can serve to identify the gene affected. The construction of a retrovirus that stably carries a suppressor transfer RNA gene from Escherichia coli has allowed facile recovery of the viral genome in vectors marked with amber mutations. This virus can be used for rapid isolation of cellular sequences at the site of proviral insertion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lobel, L I -- Patel, M -- King, W -- Nguyen-Huu, M C -- Goff, S P -- 2 P30 CA 23767/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA 37176/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Apr 19;228(4697):329-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2984770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA Transposable Elements ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; *Genes, Bacterial ; *Genes, Viral ; Moloney murine leukemia virus/genetics ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; Retroviridae/*genetics ; *Suppression, Genetic
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 1985-05-10
    Description: Splicing of the Tetrahymena ribosomal RNA precursor is mediated by the folded structure of the RNA molecule and therefore occurs in the absence of any protein in vitro. The Tetrahymena intervening sequence (IVS) has been inserted into the gene for the alpha-donor fragment of beta-galactosidase in a recombinant plasmid. Production of functional beta-galactosidase is dependent on RNA splicing in vivo in Escherichia coli. Thus RNA self-splicing can occur at a rate sufficient to support gene expression in a prokaryote, despite the likely presence of ribosomes on the nascent RNA. The beta-galactosidase messenger RNA splicing system provides a useful method for screening for splicing-defective mutations, several of which have been characterized.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Price, J V -- Cech, T R -- GM28039/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 10;228(4700):719-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2986286" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Escherichia coli/*genetics ; Galactosidases/*genetics ; *Genetic Engineering ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Plasmids ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics ; Tetrahymena/*genetics ; beta-Galactosidase/biosynthesis/*genetics
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 1985-02-08
    Description: The mode of integration of the glycoprotein thy-1 within the cell membrane has been controversial due to an apparent lack of a transmembrane hydrophobic segment. Rat and mouse complementary DNA and genomic clones encoding the thy-1 molecule have been isolated and sequenced. These studies have enabled us to determine the intron-exon organization of the thy-1 gene. Furthermore, they have revealed the existence of a sequence which would encode an extra segment (31 amino acids) at the carboxyl terminus of the thy-1 molecule. These extra amino acids include a 20-amino acid hydrophobic segment which may be responsible for integration of thy-1 within the plasma membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seki, T -- Chang, H C -- Moriuchi, T -- Denome, R -- Ploegh, H -- Silver, J -- CA38404/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Feb 8;227(4687):649-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2857501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, Surface/*genetics ; Antigens, Thy-1 ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rats
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