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  • Male  (108)
  • Kinetics  (41)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (144)
  • Oxford University Press
  • 1980-1984  (144)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1982  (144)
Collection
Keywords
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (144)
  • Oxford University Press
  • Springer  (7)
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  • 1980-1984  (144)
  • 1925-1929
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  • 1
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    Reexamination of acoustic evidence in the Kennedy assassination. Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, National Research Council (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Sounds recorded in Dallas at the time of the assassination of John F. Kennedy were analyzed by two research groups, whose reports formed the basis for the opinion that two gunmen fired at President Kennedy. These reports and the acoustic evidence have been studied by the Committee on Ballistic Acoustics, and further acoustic analyses, including sound spectrograms, have been performed. The committee finds that the acoustic data do not support a conclusion that a second gunman was involved in the assassination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):127-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6750789" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustics ; *Famous Persons ; *Forensic Medicine ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; Texas ; *Wounds, Gunshot
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Prenatal and neonatal exposure to cimetidine results in gonadal and sexual dysfunction in adult males (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Exposure of rats to cimetidine during intrauterine life and the immediate neonatal period results in hypoandrogenization in adult life with decreased weights of androgen-dependent tissues and decreased concentrations of testosterone. Moreover, sexual behavior patterns in adult life are disturbed as shown by a lack of sexual motivation and decreased performance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anand, S -- Van Thiel, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):493-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; Animals ; Animals, Suckling ; Cimetidine/metabolism/*toxicity ; Female ; Guanidines/*toxicity ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/drug effects ; Rats ; Sex Differentiation/*drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Measurement of intracellular free calcium in monkey kidney cells with aequorin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: A method has been developed for the measurement of intracellular free calcium in mammalian cells. The calcium-sensitive photoprotein aequorin can be incorporated into isolated cells by hypo-osmotic treatment without altering the cell viability, permeability, or metabolism. Intracellular calcium activity (Cai2+) was monitored in a perfusion system. In monkey kidney cells (LLC-MK2), Cai2+ is approximately 57 nanomoles per liter. Changes in Cai2+ with time can also be followed: exposure of the cells to anaerobiosis or the calcium ionophore A23187 reversibly increases Cai2+. The method has also been successfully tested in rat hepatocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borle, A B -- Snowdowne, K W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):252-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6806904" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aequorin ; Anaerobiosis ; Animals ; Calcimycin/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Kidney/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; *Luminescent Proteins ; Macaca mulatta
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Micromolar affinity benzodiazepine receptors: identification and characterization in central nervous system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Receptors that selectively bind micromolar concentrations of benzodiazepines are present in rat brain membrane. These micromolar receptors exhibit saturable, stereospecific binding, and the potency of benzodiazepine binding to these receptors is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit maximum electric shock-induced convulsions. Benzodiazepine receptors with nanomolar affinity differ from the micromolar receptors in their binding, kinetic, and pharmacologic characteristics. The micromolar receptors also bind phenytoin, a non-benzodiazepine anticonvulsant. These results provide evidence for a distinct class of clinically relevant benzodiazepine receptors that may regulate neuronal excitability and anticonvulsant activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bowling, A C -- DeLorenzo, R J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1247-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281893" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Benzodiazepinones/metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Calmodulin/antagonists & inhibitors ; Diazepam/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Artificial enzymes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-05
    Description: Simple chemical catalysts have been designed to achieve some desirable features of enzymes. These novel catalysts are not proteins, but they may incorporate the typical enzyme catalytic groups and they achieve selectivity in their reactions by use of geometric control, as do enzymes. Catalysts that carry out geometrically controlled chlorinations of aromatic rings and steroids have been constructed. Other catalysts achieve the selective synthesis of amino acids, and still others imitate ribonuclease in detailed mechanism and hydrolyze RNA. Optimization of geometries has led to a rate acceleration of over 10(8) in one instance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 5;218(4572):532-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Catalysis ; Cyclodextrins ; *Enzymes ; Kinetics ; Models, Chemical ; Ribonucleases ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substrate Specificity ; Transaminases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Stereoisomers of N-allylnormetazocine: phencyclidine-like behavioral effects in squirrel monkeys and rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: (+/-)-N-Allylnormetazocine is a benzomorphan opioid with psychotomimetic effects. The pure stereoisomers of this compound, as well as the racemic mixture, were compared to phencyclidine for their behavioral effects on squirrel monkeys and rats trained to discriminate phencyclidine from saline. Dose-response determinations were made for responses to phencyclidine, to a racemic mixture of N-allylnormetazocine, and to the pure levo and dextro isomers of N-allylnormetazocine. In both rats and monkeys, the dextro isomer and the racemic mixture produced dose-dependent responses appropriate for phencyclidine; the levo isomer did not produce the responses appropriate for phencyclidine at any of the doses tested. In both species, the levo isomer was more potent than the dextro isomer in decreasing the rate of responding. Thus racemic N-allylnormetazocine is a mixture of compounds that produce different behavioral effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brady, K T -- Balster, R L -- May, E L -- DA-00490/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-01442/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):178-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6274022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Phenazocine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Phencyclidine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Saimiri ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Long-term synaptic potentiation in the superior cervical ganglion (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-12
    Description: Brief tetanic stimulation of the preganglionic nerves to the superior cervical ganglion enhances the postganglionic response to single preganglionic stimuli for 1 to 3 hours. This long-term potentiation of transmission through the ganglion is apparently not attributable to a persistent muscarinic action of the preganglionic neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, since neither the magnitude nor the time course of the phenomenon is reduced by atropine. The decay of long-term potentiation can be described by a first-order kinetic process with a mean time constant of 80 minutes. We conclude that long-term potentiation, once considered a unique property of the hippocampus, is in fact a more general feature of synaptic function. This form of synaptic memory may significantly influence information processing and control in other regions of the nervous system, including autonomic ganglia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, T H -- McAfee, D A -- 12116/PHS HHS/ -- NS 16576/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 12;215(4538):1411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Learning/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Rats ; Synapses/*physiology ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Ethanol in low doses augments calcium-mediated mechanisms measured intracellularly in hippocampal neurons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: The electrophysiological effects of ethanol in low doses (5 to 20 millimoles per liter or 23 to 92 milligrams per 100 milliliters) were examined intracellularly in CA1 cells of rat hippocampus in vitro. Inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic potentials were increased when ethanol was applied to the respective synaptic terminal regions. Postsynaptically, ethanol caused a moderate hyperpolarization with increased membrane conductance, even when synaptic transmission was blocked. Ethanol augmented the hyperpolarization that followed repetitive firing or that followed the eliciting of calcium spikes in the presence of tetrodotoxin, but not the rapid afterhyperpolarization in calcium-free medium. Ethanol appears to augment calcium-mediated mechanisms both pre- and postsynaptically.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Gurevich, N -- Durand, D -- R01 NS16660-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):306-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/physiology ; Electric Conductivity ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Hippocampus/*drug effects/physiology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Potassium/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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  • 9
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    Theory and observation in cultural transmission (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Cultural phenomena may show considerable stability over time and space. Transmission mechanisms responsible for their maintenance are worthy of theoretical and empirical inquiry; they are complex and each possible pathway has different effects on evolutionary stability of traits, as can be shown theoretically. A survey designed to evaluate the importance of some components of cultural transmission on a variety of traits showed that religion and politics are mostly determined in the family, a mode of transmission which guarantees high evolutionary stability and maintenance of high variation between and within groups.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cavalli-Sforza, L L -- Feldman, M W -- Chen, K H -- Dornbusch, S M -- 10452/PHS HHS/ -- 20467/PHS HHS/ -- 20816/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):19-27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Child ; Cultural Characteristics ; *Culture ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; *Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Marriage ; Models, Psychological ; *Parent-Child Relations
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Substantia nigra: site of anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-17
    Description: Localization of the anatomic substrate for anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was examined using intracerebral injections of GABA agonists. Blockade of tonic hindlimb extension in the maximal electroshock test and blockade of tonic and clonic seizures produced by pentylenetetrazole and bicuculline were obtained by elevating GABA in the ventral midbrain tegmentum. Elevation of GABA in forebrain and hindbrain areas had no effect on convulsant activity. Blockade of tonic and clonic seizures was also obtained after microinjections of the direct GABA receptor agonist, muscimol, into the midbrain. The substantia nigra was identified as the critical midbrain site for GABA-mediated anticonvulsant activity. Local injection of GABA agonists into the midbrain provided seizure protection without a widespread augmentation of GABA-mediated activity throughout the brain and without impairing either alertness or motor function. Synapses in the substantia nigra appear to represent an important control mechanism for inhibiting the propagation of generalized convulsions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iadarola, M J -- Gale, K -- DA 02206/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH32359/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 17;218(4578):1237-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7146907" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bicuculline/pharmacology ; Brain Mapping ; GABA Antagonists ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Pentylenetetrazole/pharmacology ; Rats ; Seizures/*physiopathology ; Substantia Nigra/*physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Growth hormone stimulates longitudinal bone growth directly (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: Local administration of human growth hormone in vivo to the cartilage growth plate of the proximal tibia of hypophysectomized rats resulted in accelerated longitudinal bone growth. This finding suggests that growth hormone directly stimulates the cells in the growth plate, and does not support the theory that the increase in the plasma concentration of somatomedin that follows growth hormone administration is the cause of this stimulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Isaksson, O G -- Jansson, J O -- Gause, I A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1237-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079756" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Development/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/*drug effects ; Growth Hormone/*pharmacology ; Male ; Prolactin/pharmacology ; Rats ; Somatomedins/pharmacology ; Stimulation, Chemical
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Evidence that glucose "marks" beta cells resulting in preferential release of newly synthesized insulin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Studies of isolated islets labeled with radioactive leucine show that glucose at a critical time "marks" islets in such a way as to cause preferential release of newly synthesized insulin. The preferential release of insulin from marked islets is relatively independent of subsequent secretagogues or rates of insulin secretion. Previous kinetic studies have indicated that the critical time at which marking occurs is after proinsulin biosynthesis but before the secretory event. Thus, secretory cells may regulate the diversion of newly synthesized material for immediate release as it is approaching or transiting the Golgi apparatus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gold, G -- Gishizky, M L -- Grodsky, G M -- AM 01410/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):56-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6181562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Glucose/*pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Insulin/biosynthesis/*secretion ; Islets of Langerhans/drug effects/*secretion ; Kinetics ; Leucine ; Potassium/pharmacology ; Tolbutamide/pharmacology
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  • 13
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    Serial position curve in rats: role of the dorsal hippocampus (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: In an eight-arm radial maze, normal rats demonstrated good immediate retention for the order of first items (primacy component of serial position curve) and last items (recency component of serial position curve) of an eight-item (arm) list. In contrast, rats with dorsal hippocampal lesions displayed, on an immediate retention test, disruption of the primacy but not the recency component of the serial position curve. Furthermore, imposing a 10-minute delay before the retention test impaired all components of the serial position curve. These results support correspondence in mnemonic function of the hippocampus in animals and humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kesner, R P -- Novak, J M -- RR07092-12/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):173-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123228" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Rats ; *Serial Learning
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  • 14
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    Velocity signals related to hand movements recorded from red nucleus neurons in monkeys (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Neural activity of the red nucleus was studied in monkeys trained to operate devices requiring shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand, or finger movements. Single cell activity was more closely related to movements of the hand and fingers than to movements of the other joints. Discharge consistently preceded movements by a constant time interval; duration of discharge was highly correlated with the duration of movement; and discharge rate was highly correlated with movement velocity. These data suggest a role for the rubrospinal pathway in the initiation and control of hand movements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kohlerman, N J -- Gibson, A R -- Houk, J C -- 5-R01-NS14703/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):857-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100930" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Electromyography ; Hand/*physiology ; Macaca fascicularis ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Movement ; Neural Conduction ; Neurons/physiology ; Red Nucleus/*physiology
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  • 15
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    Modulation of striatal dopaminergic function by local injection of 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-01
    Description: Rats rotated to the left when 5'-N-ethylcarboxamide adenosine (NECA) was injected into the left caudate nucleus and apomorphine was administered subcutaneously. The combination of NECA and apomorphine was more potent than L-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine and apomorphine in eliciting rotation, suggesting the involvement of adenosine receptors of the Ra type. The response was reduced when 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine was injected along with NECA into the caudate nucleus or when theorphylline was given intraperitoneally. Higher doses of apomorphine elicited a self-mutilatory response after the injection of NECA into the caudate nucleus. These results suggest that adenosine may be involved in the modulation of dopaminergic function in the striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, R D -- Proudfit, H K -- Yeung, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 1;218(4567):58-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Caudate Nucleus/*physiology ; Corpus Striatum/*physiology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Injections ; Kinetics ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Rotation ; Vasodilator Agents/*pharmacology
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  • 16
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    Fetal hemoglobin genes turned on in adults (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1295-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6183747" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/therapy ; Azacitidine/therapeutic use ; Fetal Hemoglobin/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Hemoglobin, Sickle/biosynthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Thalassemia/therapy
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  • 17
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    Purinergic regulation of food intake (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Inosine peripherally administered to rats markedly suppressed spontaneous food intake and food intake induced by diazepam, muscimol, insulin, and food deprivation. The purines 2-deoxyguanosine and 2-deoxyinosine also suppressed food deprivation-induced feeding, whereas 7-methylinosine, which does not bind to the benzodiazepine binding site in vitro, had no effect on food intake when compared with controls. These results suggest that purines may represent endogenous substances that regulate food intake through interactions with the benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, A S -- Morley, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):77-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046046" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Appetite/*drug effects ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Diazepam/pharmacology ; Eating/*drug effects ; Food Deprivation ; Inosine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Male ; Muscimol/pharmacology ; Purines/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Autocidal control of screwworms in North America (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-22
    Description: The larva of the blowfly Cochliomyia hominivorax, also known as the screwworm, eats the living flesh of cattle and sheep and other warm-blooded animals. A program to eradicate the screwworm in the United States was initiated in the 1950's. The program was very effective until 1968, but severe screwworm outbreaks occurred in 1972 to 1976 and in 1978. Although the program has again been effective since 1979, the possibility of outbreaks recurring in the future has highlighted the need for a broader understanding of the pest. Studies of screwworm populations in the United Stated and Mexico indicate that much of the genetic diversity of this insect is distributed among sympatric non-interbreeding populations. A new approach may be required to retain the effectiveness of the control program and to prevent a serious outbreak from threatening the economic viability of the U.S. livestock industry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richardson, R H -- Ellison, J R -- Averhoff, W W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 22;215(4531):361-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7199204" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/*prevention & control ; Diptera/classification/*physiology ; Ecology ; Infertility, Male ; Insect Control/methods ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Myiasis/*prevention & control ; North America ; Pest Control, Biological/*methods ; Reproduction ; Screw Worm Infection/*prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Benzodiazepine receptor-mediated experimental "anxiety" in primates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-12-24
    Description: The ethyl ester of beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid has a high affinity for benzodiazepine receptors in the brain. In the rhesus monkey this substance produces an acute behavioral syndrome characterized by dramatic elevations in heart rate, blood pressure, plasma cortisol, and catecholamines. The effects are blocked by benzodiazepines and the specific benzodiazepine receptor antagonist Ro 15-1788. The benzodiazepine receptor may consist of several subsites or functional domains that independently recognize agonist, antagonists, or "active" antagonists such as beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. These results suggest that the benzodiazepine receptor is involved in both the affective and physiological manifestations of anxiety, and that the administration of beta-carboxylic acid ethyl ester to monkeys may provide a reliable and reproducible animal model of human anxiety.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ninan, P T -- Insel, T M -- Cohen, R M -- Cook, J M -- Skolnick, P -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 24;218(4579):1332-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6293059" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anxiety/*etiology ; Benzodiazepinones ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Carbolines/pharmacology ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Flumazenil ; Heart Rate/*drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Receptors, Drug/*physiology ; Receptors, GABA-A
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  • 20
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    Preferential attack of mitochondrial DNA by aflatoxin B1 during hepatocarcinogenesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: Administration of the hepatic carcinogen aflatoxin B1 to experimental animals results in covalent binding to liver mitochondrial DNA at concentrations three to four times higher than nuclear DNA. The concentration of carcinogen adducts in mitochondrial DNA remains unchanged even after 24 hours, possible because of lack of excision repair. Similarly, mitochondrial transcription and translation remain inhibited up to 24 hours suggesting long-term effects of aflatoxin B1 on the mitochondrial genetic system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Niranjan, B G -- Bhat, N K -- Avadhani, N G -- CA-22762/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):73-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6797067" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aflatoxin B1 ; Aflatoxins/*metabolism ; Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Liver Neoplasms/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver/*metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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  • 21
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    Brain injury causes a time-dependent increase in neuronotrophic activity at the lesion site (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: A cavity was made in the brain (entorhinal cortex) of developing or adult rats, and a small piece of Gelfoam was emplaced to collect fluid secreted into the wound. The neuronotrophic activity of the fluid was assayed with sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons in culture. The results show that wounds in the brain of developing or adult rats stimulate the accumulation of neuronotrophic factors and that the activity of these factors increases over the first few days after infliction of the damage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nieto-Sampedro, M -- Lewis, E R -- Cotman, C W -- Manthorpe, M -- Skaper, S D -- Barbin, G -- Longo, F M -- Varon, S -- AG-00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH-19691/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-16349/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):860-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100931" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/physiology ; Animals ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Injuries/*physiopathology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholinergic Fibers/physiology ; Kinetics ; Nerve Growth Factors/*metabolism/pharmacology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Wound Healing
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Hemispheric asymmetries in the behavioral and hormonal effects of sexually differentiating mammalian brain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Estrogen pellets were placed in either the right or left hypothalamus of newborn female rats so that only one side of this brain area was exposed to the postnatal masculinizing and defeminizing effects of the hormone. The effects of estrogen on gonadotropin secretion and reproductive behavior depended on both the region and the side of implantation. Exposure of the left hypothalamus to estrogen resulted in defeminized development. Exposure of the right hypothalamus to estrogen resulted in masculinized development. Thus the response of the developing hypothalamus to gonadal steroids may be asymmetric.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nordeen, E J -- Yahr, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):391-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estradiol/*pharmacology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Hypothalamus/*physiology ; Male ; Ovary/growth & development ; Rats ; *Sex Differentiation/drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology
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  • 23
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    Norethisterone, a major ingredient of contraceptive pills, is a suicide inhibitor of estrogen biosynthesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: Norethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone) is an effective irreversible inhibitor of estrogen synthetase (aromatase), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens, even at a 2 X 10(-6) molar concentration. This irreversible inactivation, which is directed toward the active site of aromatase and requires the cofactor-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, is both time- and concentration-dependent. Ethisterone (17 alpha-ethynyltestosterone), in contrast, is not a suicide inhibitor of aromatase even at concentrations of 10(-4) molar.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Osawa, Y -- Yarborough, C -- HDO4945/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1249-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Binding Sites/drug effects ; Contraceptives, Oral/*pharmacology ; Estrogens/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Norethindrone/*pharmacology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy
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  • 24
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    Transplantation of leukemic bone marrow treated with cytotoxic antileukemic antibodies and complement (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: The ability of antiserum against murine L1210 leukemia to remove residual leukemia cells from murine bone marrow was investigated. Leukemic marrow was treated in vitro with antiserum and complement and used to hematologically reconstitute mice that had been irradiated with doses lethal to bone marrow. Following infusion of treated leukemic marrow, normal marrow returned without evidence of leukemia. More than 90 percent of the animals have survived for 11 months without untoward effects, suggesting that the technique may be of use in the treatment of acute leukemia in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trigg, M E -- Poplack, D G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):259-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7046048" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibodies ; *Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cell Survival ; *Complement System Proteins ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Female ; Leukemia L1210/*immunology/therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred DBA
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  • 25
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    Influence of female hormonal state on rhesus sexual behavior varies with space for social interaction (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: The sexual behavior of rhesus monkeys in 15 male-female pairings was observed in both a large and a small area during the follicular and luteal phases of the female's cycle. Males ejaculated in all tests at the follicular phase of the female's cycle and in 53 percent of tests at the luteal phase. However, a significant decline in ejaculation during tests at the luteal phase occurred in the large, but not in the small area. Thus the degree to which the pair's sexual behavior was influenced by the female's hormonal state depended on the spatial conditions of the test.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wallen, K -- MH35835/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- RR-00165/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):375-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201164" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copulation ; Ejaculation ; *Estrus ; Female ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Proestrus ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Social Behavior ; *Spatial Behavior
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  • 26
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    Asian bull elephants: Flehmen-like responses to extractable components in female elephant estrous urine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Flehmen-like responses (urine tests) are one of the characteristic behavioral reactions of male Asian elephants (Elephants maximus) to cow elephants in estrus. Components of the urine of estrous cow elephants were extracted with organic solvents and partially purified by chromatography and shown to evoke Flehmen-like responses when they were presented to adult bulls.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rasmussen, L E -- Schmidt, M J -- Henneous, R -- Groves, D -- Daves, G D Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):159-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Elephants/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Estrus Detection ; Female ; Male ; Pheromones/*urine ; Sex Attractants/isolation & purification/*urine ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
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  • 27
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    Inhibition of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in the rat by immunoneutralization of corticotropin-releasing factor (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Intravenous administration of rabbit antiserum to ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) markedly reduced the CRF-induced rise of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in intact nonstressed adult male rats while blocking more than 75 percent of the ACTH release observed in rats exposed to ether stress. Furthermore, antiserum to CRF significantly lowered ACTH levels in adrenalectomized animals. These results suggest that endogenous CRF plays a physiological role in regulating ACTH secretion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rivier, C -- Rivier, J -- Vale, W -- AM18811/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM20917/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26741/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):377-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenalectomy ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood/*secretion ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/*immunology ; Male ; Rats ; Secretory Rate/drug effects
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  • 28
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    Subperiosteal expansion and cortical remodeling of the human femur and tibia with aging (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: Increases with aging in subperiosteal dimensions and second moments of area (measures of bending and torsional rigidity) in femoral and tibial cross sections are documented in an archeological sample from the American Southwest. Significant differences between cross-sectional sites and between sexes in the pattern of cortical remodeling with age are also present. These differences appear to be related to variations in the stress or strain levels in different regions of the femur and tibia which result from in vivo mechanical loadings of the lower limb.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruff, C B -- Hayes, W C -- AM00749/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM26740/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):945-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Aging ; Bone Development ; Female ; Femur/*physiology ; Fractures, Bone/etiology ; Growth ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periosteum/*physiology ; Physical Exertion ; Sex Characteristics ; Stress, Mechanical ; Tibia/*physiology
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  • 29
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    Hormonal regulation of gonadotropin receptors and steroidogenesis in cultured fetal rat tests (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-22
    Description: Gonadotropic activation of the adult rat testis in vitro and in vivo is followed by down-regulation of luteinizing hormone receptors and decreased androgen responses to subsequent hormonal stimulation. In contrast, treatment of cultured fetal testes with gonadotropins and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate enhanced steroidogenic responsiveness and did not cause the luteinizing hormone-receptor loss and desensitization that is characteristic of the adult gonad. The analysis of gonadotropin receptors and action in cultured fetal testis cells facilitates developmental studies of gonadal function, and has revealed significant differences in the responses of fetal and adult Leydig cells to gonadotropic regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Warren, D W -- Dufau, M L -- Catt, K J -- 1F33-HD06192/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):375-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289438" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Hydroxyprogesterones/biosynthesis ; Leydig Cells/*drug effects ; Luteinizing Hormone/pharmacology ; Male ; Progesterone/biosynthesis ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, LH ; Testis/*embryology/metabolism ; Testosterone/biosynthesis
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  • 30
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    Cure of mice infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and disulfiram rescue (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Mice infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense were treatment concurrently with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP), disulfiram, and hydration. Most of the mice (92.5 percent) were cured; inoculation of blood or suspensions of brain or heart from these animals did not produce disease in recipient mice. The dose of DDP needed to eliminate the trypanosomes, 3 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day for 7 days, was lethally toxic unless the animals received disulfiram orally and subcutaneous injections of physiologic saline, which reduced the acute renal necrosis caused by DDP alone. Some mild to moderate reversible renal damage was noted upon pathologic examination of the treated mice.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wysor, M S -- Zwelling, L A -- Sanders, J E -- Grenan, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):454-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cisplatin/adverse effects ; Disulfiram/*administration & dosage ; Kidney/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Necrosis/chemically induced ; Rats ; Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage ; Trypanosoma/drug effects ; Trypanosomiasis, African/pathology/*therapy
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  • 31
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    Wound tissue can utilize a polymeric template to synthesize a functional extension of skin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-08
    Description: Prompt and long-term closure of full-thickness skin wounds is guinea pigs and humans is achieved by applying a bilayer polymeric membrane. The membrane comprises a top layer of a silicone elastomer and a bottom layer of a porous cross-linked network of collagen and glycosaminoglycan. The bottom layer can be seeded with a small number of autologous basal cells before grafting. No immunosuppression is used and infection, exudation, and rejection are absent. Host tissue utilizes the sterile membrane as a culture medium to synthesize neoepidermal and neodermal tissue. A functional extension of skin over the entire wound area is formed in about 4 weeks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yannas, I V -- Burke, J F -- Orgill, D P -- Skrabut, E M -- GM 21700/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23946/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL 14322/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 8;215(4529):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7031899" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Burns/*therapy ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Collagen/therapeutic use ; Female ; Glycosaminoglycans/therapeutic use ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicone Elastomers/therapeutic use ; *Skin Transplantation ; *Wound Healing
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  • 32
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    Translational efficiency of transfer RNA's: uses of an extended anticodon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Transfer RNA's are probably very strongly selected for translational efficiency. In this article, the argument is presented that the coding performance of the triplet anticodon is enhanced by selection of a matching anticodon loop and stem sequence. the anticodon plus these nearby sequence features (the extended anticodon) therefore contains more coding information than the anticodon alone and can perform more efficiently and accurately at the ribosome. This idea successfully accounts for the relative efficiencies of many transfer RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yarus, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):646-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6753149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Kinetics ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; RNA, Transfer/*genetics ; Ribosomes/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Suppression, Genetic
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    Proton nuclear magnetic resonance of intact Friend leukemia cells: phosphorylcholine increase during differentiation (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-18
    Description: Proton nuclear magnetic resonance of intact Friend leukemia cells was used to analyze their erythroid-like differentiation. The technique, which requires only 10(3) to 10(9) cells and approximately 2 minutes for acquisition of each spectrum, demonstrated the occurrence of many signal changes during differentiation. With cell extracts, 64 signals were assigned to 12 amino acids and 19 other intermediary metabolites, and a dramatic signal change was attributed to a fourfold increase in cytoplasmic phosphorylcholines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Agris, P F -- Campbell, I D -- 1-F33-GM07826/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- 1-FOG-TW00440/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 18;216(4552):1325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079765" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Choline/*analogs & derivatives ; Kinetics ; Leukemia, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mice ; Phosphorylcholine/*analysis
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    Destruction of noradrenergic neurons in rabbit brainstem elevates plasma vasopressin, causing hypertension (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: When A1 noradrenergic neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla of rabbits are destroyed electrolytically or by local injection of the neurotoxin kainic acid, the concentration of vasopressin in plasma increases, causing hypertension. The A1 neurons may tonically inhibit the activity of vasopressin-secreting neuroendocrine cells through a direct hypothalamic projection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Blessing, W W -- Sved, A F -- Reis, D J -- HL 1894/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):661-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124043" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenergic Fibers/*physiology ; Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/*blood ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; Hypertension/*etiology ; Hypothalamus/physiology ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Male ; Neurosecretion ; Norepinephrine/physiology ; Rabbits
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    Recombinant inversion chromosomes in phenotypically normal chickens (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-22
    Description: Some progeny resulting from interbreeding of individuals heterozygous for a pericentric inversion of chromosome 1 in the chicken have the two complementary types of recombinant chromosomes arising from a single crossing-over within the inverted segment. These individuals are capable of reproduction. Their progeny can have one or the other of the two recombinant chromosomes or, if crossing-over occurs, either a normal or an inversion chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bitgood, J J -- Shoffner, R N -- Otis, J S -- Wang, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 22;215(4531):409-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chickens/*genetics ; *Chromosome Inversion ; Female ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Meiosis ; *Recombination, Genetic
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    Autoradiographic evidence for a calcitonin receptor on testicular Leydig cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-14
    Description: Previous studies have indicated that there is a relation between testicular function and adequate concentrations of zinc in testicular cells, and that calcitonin alters cellular zinc transfer in the testis. The present studies provide autoradiographic evidence that calcitonin binds in vivo to the cell membrane of testicular Leydig cells. The data thus confirm the presence of the testicular cell membrane calcitonin receptors that were previously demonstrated indirectly by Scatchard analysis of data collected from binding studies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chausmer, A B -- Stevens, M D -- Severn, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 14;216(4547):735-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281881" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Calcitonin/*metabolism ; Leydig Cells/*metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Calcitonin ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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  • 37
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    Interference with dimethylhydrazine induction of colon tumors in mice by epsilon-aminocaproic acid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The antifibrinolytic agent epsilon-aminocaproic acid given in the drinking water to Swiss ICR/Ha mice significantly counteracted the appearance of colorectal tumors induced by 21 weekly infections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. The drug affected both the number and the location of the tumors and, in some animals, altogether prevented their appearance. The low concentrations of epsilon-aminocaproic acid in the plasma of four control mice given the agent labeled with carbon-14 for 3 days suggest that the effect may depend not on inhibition of plasminogen activator activity, but on interference with the binding of some substance to the strong lysine binding site of plasminogen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Corasanti, J G -- Hobika, G H -- Markus, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1020-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6805074" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/*chemically induced ; Aminocaproates/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Colonic Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Dimethylhydrazines/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Female ; Male ; Methylhydrazines/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced ; Plasminogen/metabolism ; Plasminogen Activators/antagonists & inhibitors ; Plasminogen Inactivators ; Protein Binding
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    Rotating shift work schedules that disrupt sleep are improved by applying circadian principles (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Workers on rotating shifts dislike those aspects of their work schedules that violate circadian sleep-wake cycle physiology. Work schedule satisfaction, subjective health estimates, personnel turnover, and worker productivity improve when schedules are introduced that are designed to incorporate circadian principles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Czeisler, C A -- Moore-Ede, M C -- Coleman, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):460-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089576" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Activity Cycles ; Adult ; Aged ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Health ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Sleep ; *Work
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    Molecular biology of the sea urchin embryo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Research on the early development of the sea urchin offers new insights into the process of embryogenesis. Maternal messenger RNA stored in the unfertilized egg supports most of the protein synthesis in the early embryo, but the structure of maternal transcripts suggests that additional functions are also possible. The overall developmental patterns of transcription and protein synthesis are known, and current measurements describe the expression of specific genes, including the histone genes, the ribosomal genes, and the actin genes. Possible mechanisms of developmental commitment are explored for regions of the early embryo that give rise to specified cell lineages, such as the micromere-mesenchyme cell lineage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davidson, E H -- Hough-Evans, B R -- Britten, R J -- GM20927/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD05753/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR00986/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):17-26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blastocyst/physiology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/*physiology ; Female ; Fertilization ; Gastrula/physiology ; Histones/genetics ; Kinetics ; Larva/physiology ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; RNA/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins/genetics ; Sea Urchins/*physiology ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Habituation and sensitization of startle reflexes elicited electrically from the brainstem (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-12
    Description: Repetitive elicitation of startle-like responses by electrical stimulation of the cochlear nucleus led to sensitization followed by habituation. In contrast, repetitive elicitation of startle-like responses by electrical stimulation of the reticular formation led only to sensitization. Since these different locations represent different points along the acoustic startle circuit, the data suggest that sensitization may be related to the motor side of reflex arcs, whereas habituation may be related to the sensory side.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, M -- Parisi, T -- Gendelman, D S -- Tischler, M -- Kehne, J H -- MH-00004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-18949/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH-25642/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 12;218(4573):688-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134967" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Pathways/*physiology ; Brain Stem/*physiology ; Cochlear Nerve/physiology ; *Habituation, Psychophysiologic ; Male ; Rats ; Reflex ; Reflex, Startle/*physiology ; Sound
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    Sexual dimorphism in the human corpus callosum (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: Preliminary observations suggest a sex difference in the shape and surface area of the human corpus callosum. The sexual dimorphism is striking in the splenium, the caudal or posterior portion of the corpus callosum. The female splenium is both more bulbous and larger than the male counterpart. Since peristriate, parietal, and superior temporal fibers course through the splenium, this finding could be related to possible gender differences in the degree of lateralization for visuospatial functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLacoste-Utamsing, C -- Holloway, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1431-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089533" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Corpus Callosum/*anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Size ; *Sex Characteristics ; Visual Perception
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  • 42
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    Multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco leaf disks is inhibited by (2'-5) oligoadenylate (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: The oligonucleotide (2'-5') oligoadenylate that is induced in interferon-treated animal cells protects plant tissue from infection by the tobacco mosaic virus. This inhibition of virus multiplication was obtained at concentrations comparable to those affecting protein synthesis and antiviral activities in animal cells. After treatment with (2'-5') oligoadenylate, the multiplicability of tobacco mosaic virus was reduced by 80 to 90 percent as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These results, along with the observation that human interferon protects tobacco tissue from infection by tobacco mosaic virus, indicate that plants and animals may have a common pathway for virus resistance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Devash, Y -- Biggs, S -- Sela, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1415-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178155" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Interferons/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Oligonucleotides/*pharmacology ; Oligoribonucleotides/*pharmacology ; Plants, Toxic ; Tobacco/microbiology ; Tobacco Mosaic Virus/*drug effects ; Virus Replication/drug effects
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    Cannabinoids in male mice: effects on fertility and spermatogenesis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalterio, S -- Badr, F -- Bartke, A -- Mayfield, D -- DA 02342/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 16;216(4543):315-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6801767" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cannabinoids/*pharmacology ; Chromosome Aberrations/*chemically induced ; Chromosome Disorders ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Infertility, Male/*chemically induced/genetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Mice ; Spermatogenesis/*drug effects ; Testosterone/blood
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    Rabbit hepatic progesterone 21-hydroxylase exhibits a bimodal distribution of activity (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: Progesterone 21-hydroxylase activity varies extensively among liver microsomes prepared from individual New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. The 21-hydroxylase activities are distributed between two groupings that differ by more than tenfold in mean activity. Both male and female animals are represented in the two groupings. However, females exhibited the higher activity more frequently than males. The 21-hydroxylation of progesterone is catalyzed by one of the liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 isozymes, form 1, and these differences in activity are suggestive of differences in the occurrence of this isozyme among NZW rabbits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dieter, H H -- Muller-Eberhard, U -- Johnson, E F -- HD04445/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):741-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6808664" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Desoxycorticosterone/metabolism ; Female ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Liver/*enzymology ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism ; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase/metabolism ; Progesterone/*metabolism ; Rabbits ; Sex Factors ; Steroid 21-Hydroxylase/*metabolism ; Steroid Hydroxylases/*metabolism
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    Iodine-125-labeled triiodothyronine in rat brain: evidence for localization in discrete neural systems (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-01-15
    Description: Autoradiograms prepared from adult rat brains demonstrate that nerve cells and neuropil in different brain regions selectively concentrate and retain intravenously administered triiodothyronine, by mechanisms susceptible to saturation with excess triiodothyronine. A neuroregulatory role for thyroid hormones, strongly supported by the observations, may account for their marked effects on behavior and the activity of the autonomic nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dratman, M B -- Futaesaku, Y -- Crutchfield, F L -- Berman, N -- Payne, B -- Sar, M -- Stumpf, W E -- HD03110/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH29549/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS09914/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 15;215(4530):309-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7053582" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Brain/cytology/*metabolism ; Brain Mapping ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Triiodothyronine/*metabolism
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    Mus poschiavinus Y chromosome in the C57BL/6J murine genome causes sex reversal (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eicher, E M -- Washburn, L L -- Whitney, J B 3rd -- Morrow, K E -- AM 17947/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 20919/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR 01183/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 6;217(4559):535-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crosses, Genetic ; Disorders of Sex Development/genetics ; Female ; Fertility ; Gonadal Dysgenesis/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/genetics ; Muridae/*genetics ; Ovary/embryology ; Phenotype ; *Sex Chromosomes ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; Testis/abnormalities/embryology ; *Y Chromosome
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    Hypotensive effect of fasting: possible involvement of the sympathetic nervous system and endogenous opiates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: Fasting lowers blood pressure to a greater extent in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in normotensive rats. While fasting reduced cardiac sympathetic activity to an equivalent extent in both groups of animals, only in the hypertensive rats did fasting elicit an opiate-mediated vasodepressor response that was independent of sympathetic withdrawal. Both sympathetic nervous system suppression and endogenous opiate activation, therefore, may contribute to the hypotensive effect of fasting in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Einhorn, D -- Young, J B -- Landberg, L -- AM 20378/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL 24084/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RR 76/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):727-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Endorphins/*physiology ; *Fasting ; Hypertension/physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Naltrexone/pharmacology ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Sympathetic Nervous System/*physiology
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    Prevention of allograft rejection by immunization with donor blood depleted of Ia-bearing cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Strain-specific unresponsiveness was induced in adult mice by immunizing them with donor blood treated with antiserum to Ia (I region-associated antigens) prior to the transplantation of islets of Langerhans. This regimen alone produced greater than 100-day survival of islet allografts transplanted across a major histocompatibility barrier.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Faustman, D -- Lacy, P -- Davie, J -- Hauptfeld, V -- AI-12734/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM-01226/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM-07200/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):157-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6806903" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Complement System Proteins ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/immunology ; Erythrocytes/immunology ; Graft Survival ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*immunology ; Immune Sera ; Immunization ; Immunosuppression ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Transplantation, Homologous
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    Amphetamine, haloperidol, and experience interact to affect rate of recovery after motor cortex injury (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Rats subjected to unilateral ablation of the motor cortex and placed on a narrow beam displayed transient contralateral paresis. An immediate and enduring acceleration of recovery was produced by a single dose of d-amphetamine given 24 hours after injury. This effect was blocked by haloperidol or by restraining the animals for 8 hours beginning immediately after amphetamine administration. A single dose of haloperidol given 24 hours after injury markedly slowed recovery. This effect was also blocked by restraining the animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feeney, D M -- Gonzalez, A -- Law, W A -- RR 08139-07/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):855-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100929" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catecholamines/physiology ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Drug Interactions ; Haloperidol/*pharmacology ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Motor Cortex/*physiology ; Paralysis/etiology/therapy ; Practice (Psychology) ; Rats ; Restraint, Physical ; Wound Healing/drug effects
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    The inevitability of cancer (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):108.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123223" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms/epidemiology/*etiology ; Prostatic Neoplasms/etiology
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    Critical care at Tianjin's First Central Hospital and the fourth modernization (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-20
    Description: This case study of the Critical Care Unit at Tianjin's First Central Hospital, its physician-director, and one of its patients provides a portrait of how the policy of the four modernizations is being applied to the field of medicine in the People's Republic of China. On this unit of an urban hospital the "fourth modernization," science and technology, is systematically brought to bear on the problems of critically ill patients. The Chinese dualities and dilemmas that this "scaling the heights" policy entails are continually played out on the Critical Care Unit. An intricate balancing is involved between modern Western and traditional Chinese medicine, and between rural public health programs and primary and tertiary care services, within a medical morality framework that combines present-day political ideology with age-old ethical precepts. At this juncture the overall balance seems to be moving in the direction of modern, city-based, curative medicine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fox, R C -- Swazey, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 20;217(4561):700-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100911" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; China ; *Critical Care ; Health Priorities ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units/*organization & administration ; Male ; Medical Laboratory Science/trends
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    Cystine transport is defective in isolated leukocyte lysosomes from patients with cystinosis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-24
    Description: The activity of a cystine transport system in lysosomes prepared from the leukocytes of patients with cystinosis was found to be deficient. In normal subjects, this system was resistant to N-ethylmaleimide and demonstrated saturation kinetics. Lysosomes from individuals heterozygous for cystinosis demonstrated a reduced maximum velocity for cystine egress from lysosomes. The rate of cystine escape from normal lysosomes was enhanced by adenosine triphosphate. The availability of normal and mutant lysosomes provides a means of investigating mechanisms of amino acid transport across lysosomal membranes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gahl, W A -- Bashan, N -- Tietze, F -- Bernardini, I -- Schulman, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 24;217(4566):1263-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Transport/drug effects ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cysteine/metabolism ; Cystine/*metabolism ; Cystinosis/*metabolism ; Ethylmaleimide/pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leukocytes/*metabolism ; Lysosomes/metabolism
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    Female control of male reproductive function in a Mexican Snake (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: Male Thamnophis melanogaster court immediately when exposed to estrogen-treated, attractive females and continue courting for 6 to 8 days. Males exposed to estrogen-treated females will court both intact and ovariectomized females. These males undergo a period of testicular recrudescence, whereas males exposed only to ovariectomized females do no. Sexual attractivity can be induced in female T. melanogaster without estrogen treatment by heavy feeding, which results in significant increases in liver size and activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garstka, W R -- NICHHDHD 12709/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NIMH 1 KOZ MH 00135/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NINCDS 15305/DS/DS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1159-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7202252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Castration ; Estrogens/pharmacology ; Male ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Reproduction ; Snakes/*physiology ; Testis/physiology
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    Flexor reflex control of the external sphincter of the urethra in paraplegia (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-11
    Description: In paraplegics and quadriplegics a profound paralysis of skeletal muscles occurs below the level of the spinal lesion. Unexplained in this state is the development of an overactive external urethral sphincter, which interferes with emptying of the bladder and may lead to infection of the urinary tract. Studies of cats show that the discharge of motoneurons causing this contraction has all the characteristics of a flexor reflex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jolesz, F A -- Cheng-Tao, X -- Ruenzel, P W -- Henneman, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 11;216(4551):1243-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7200635" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Paraplegia/*physiopathology ; Reflex/physiology ; Urethra/*innervation/physiopathology
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    Histocompatibility and isoenzyme differences in commercially supplied "BALB/c" mice (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: BALB/c mice obtained commercially were found to differ significantly from the standard phenotype of BALB/c strain mice. Isoenzyme tests and H-2 haplotype analyses indicated that the majority of mice from two of the three sources tested appeared mixed, frequently heterozygous, and did not consistently express either the expected H-2 or glucose phosphate isomerase type.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahan, B -- Auerbach, R -- Alter, B J -- Bach, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):379-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6953593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Markers ; Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase/genetics ; H-2 Antigens/genetics/immunology ; Inbreeding ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C/*genetics ; Phenotype
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    Human myeloma cell line carrying a Philadelphia chromosome (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: A new human plasmacytoma cell line (Karpas 707) has been established from a myeloma patient. The cultured cells are negative for Epstein-Barr viral nuclear antigen and free of mycoplasma. They are similar to plasma cells and secrete only lambda light chains. The cells are hypodiploid and contain the Philadelphia chromosome and other abnormalities. This cell line may be suitable for the production of human monoclonal antibodies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Karpas, A -- Fischer, P -- Swirsky, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):997-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7079750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal/*biosynthesis ; *Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Hybridomas/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plasmacytoma/*genetics/immunology/ultrastructure
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    Mammalian tyrosinase catalyzes three reactions in the biosynthesis of melanin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: The biosynthesis of melanin is initiated by the catalytic oxidation of tyrosine to dopa by tyrosinase in a reaction that requires dopa as a cofactor. Tyrosine then catalyzes the dehydrogenation of dopa to dopaquinone. The subsequent reactions can proceed spontaneously in vitro. Tyrosinase, purified from murine melanomas and the skins of brown mice, has now been shown to catalyze a third reaction in mammalian melanogenesis, namely the conversion of 5,6-dihydroxyindile to melanochrome. This reaction requires dopa as a cofactor and is inhibited by tyrosine. Conversely, 5,6-dihydroxyindole inhibits the oxidation of tyrosine to dopa, so that the relative concentrations of tyrosine and 5,6-dihydroxyindole within the mammalian pigment cell are capable of regulating melanogenesis in a previously unrecognized fashion. Tyrosinase has the unusual property of catalyzing three distinct reactions within a single biochemical pathway: the hydroxylation of a monophenol, the dehydrogenation of a catechol, and the dehydrogenation of a dihydroxyindole. The first and third of these reactions require dopa as a cofactor; in the second reaction, dopa is a substrate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korner, A -- Pawelek, J -- DA-01147/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-05186/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1163-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6810464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Catechol Oxidase/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine/metabolism ; Indoles/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Melanins/*biosynthesis ; Melanoma/enzymology ; Monophenol Monooxygenase/*metabolism ; Neoplasms, Experimental/enzymology ; Substrate Specificity ; Tyrosine/metabolism
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    Amplification and adaptation in regulatory and sensory systems (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- Goldbeter, A -- Stock, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):220-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089556" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acclimatization ; *Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Environment ; Kinetics ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological ; Models, Neurological ; Sense Organs/*physiology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology
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    Stimulation of feeding in rats by intraperitoneal injection of antibodies to glucagon (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: Intraperitoneal injections of antibodies to pancreatic glucagon at the onset of the first meal after 12 hours of food deprivation increased meal size 63 percent and meal duration 74 percent in rats. The antibodies also reduced the increase in hepatic vein blood glucose that occurred during meals in control rats, but did not affect the prandial increase in portal vein blood glucose. These results suggest that, under these conditions, pancreatic glucagon is necessary for the normal termination of meals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Langhans, W -- Zeiger, U -- Scharrer, E -- Geary, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):894-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134979" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Glucagon/immunology/*physiology ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Satiation/*physiology
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    Differential breakdown of phylogenetically diverse ribosomal RNA's inserted via liposomes into mammalian cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Liposomes were used to deliver ribosomal RNA's from the different organisms into cultivated mouse plasmacytoma cells. Ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli was degraded intracellularly within 1 hour, whereas mouse and yeast ribosomal RNA's were degraded more slowly. This indicates that cells can discriminated between different ribosomal RNA's.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lavelle, D -- Ostro, M J -- Giacomoni, D -- GM 27935/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):59-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6178157" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Escherichia coli ; Kinetics ; *Liposomes ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Plasmacytoma/*metabolism ; RNA, Bacterial/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Species Specificity
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    Precipitated withdrawal by a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist (Ro 15-1788) after 7 days of diazepam (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: Baboons implanted with intragastric catheters were given diazepam (10 milligrams per kilogram of body weight) twice daily for 45 consecutive days. On days 7 and 35, they were given intramuscular injections of the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist Ro 15-1788. Mild and intermediate withdrawal signs, including retching and vomiting, were observed after 7 days of diazepam, and more frequent and intense withdrawal signs, including tremor and convulsion, occurred after 35 days of diazepam. With the termination of the diazepam injections after 45 days, a mild to intermediate withdrawal syndrome was observed over the next 15-day period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lukas, S E -- Griffiths, R R -- DA-01147/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-05186/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1161-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6287579" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepinones/*pharmacology ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Flumazenil ; Humans ; Male ; Papio ; Receptors, Drug/*drug effects ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/*chemically induced ; Time Factors
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    Pituitary receptor site blockade by a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist in vivo: mechanism of action (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Administration of a potent gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist [Nac-L-Ala1,pCl-D-Phe2,D-Trp3,6]GnRH as a single subcutaneous injection to castrated adult male rats reduced, by more than 90 percent, both serum luteinizing hormone concentrations and specific pituitary GnRH receptor binding. This effect persisted for 24 hours. The dissociation rate of the antagonist from pituitary membrane homogenates was fourfold slower than the dissociation rate of a potent agonist. The prolonged in vivo inhibition of pituitary GnRH receptor binding and luteinizing hormone secretion by the GnRH antagonist may be mediated by the slower dissociation rate of the antagonist from its specific pituitary membrane receptor site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Heber, D -- Dodson, R -- Swerdloff, R S -- Channabasavaiah, K -- Stewart, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):420-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6280278" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Male ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, LHRH
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    Looking at genes in the workplace (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 23;217(4557):336-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Industry ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Disease Susceptibility ; Ethics ; Female ; Genetic Testing/*trends ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Occupational Diseases/*prevention & control ; hearing that many corporations are considering genetic screening of employees. ; Biochemical genetic screening of "susceptible" workers is aimed at identifying ; individuals unsuitable for specific jobs, and cytogenic monitoring involves the ; testing of groups of workers for chromosome aberrations that might occur as a ; result of exposure to chemicals. The apparent surge of interest in such testing ; requires that several legal, ethical, and policy issues be addressed, including ; the potential for discrimination, the misuse of screening as an alternative to ; cleaning up the workplace, the predictive capability of the tests, and the ; necessity for the development of guidelines for screening programs.
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    Rat pro-opiomelanocortin contains sulfate (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Intermediate lobes isolated from rat pituitary glands incorporated [35S]sulfate into pro-opiomelanocortin and other adrenocorticotropic hormone-containing peptides. Incubation of intermediate lobes in medium containing the arginine analog canavanine inhibited the cleavage of pro-opiomelanocortin into smaller products. Pro-opiomelanocortin that accumulated in the presence of canavanine was also sulfated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoshina, H -- Hortin, G -- Boime, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):63-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6283633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*biosynthesis ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Leucine ; Pituitary Gland/*metabolism ; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior/*biosynthesis ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin ; Protein Precursors/*biosynthesis ; Radioisotope Dilution Technique ; Rats ; Sulfur Radioisotopes ; Sulfuric Acids/*metabolism ; Tritium
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    Reversal of induced ischemic neurologic deficit in gerbils by the opiate antagonist naloxone (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hosobuchi, Y -- Baskin, D S -- Woo, S K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 1;215(4528):69-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6274019" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Ischemia/*complications ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/chemically induced/*drug therapy ; Gerbillinae ; Hemiplegia/*drug therapy/etiology ; Levorphanol ; Male ; Morphine ; Naloxone/*therapeutic use ; Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
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    Hydrolysis of nerve gas by squid-type diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate hydrolyzing enzyme on agarose resin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-03-05
    Description: An enzyme purified from squid nerve that hydrolyzes the cholinesterase inhibitor diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) has now been coupled to agarose beads. A column of this agarose-DFPase hydrolyzes the nerve gas 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (Soman). Although the more inhibitory of the four diastereoisomers of Soman are hydrolyzed least rapidly, a column of sufficient length will accomplish 95 percent hydrolysis whether measured by fluoride release or loss of cholinesterase-inhibiting power. The results suggest a means for detoxifying unwanted chemical warfare agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoskin, F C -- Roush, A H -- ES-02116/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Mar 5;215(4537):1255-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Decapodiformes/*enzymology ; Enzymes, Immobilized ; Isoflurophate/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Organophosphorus Compounds/*metabolism ; Soman/*metabolism ; Stereoisomerism ; Substrate Specificity
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    Rehnquist's drug dependence poses dilemma (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jan 22;215(4531):379-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6460316" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Back Pain/drug therapy ; Ethchlorvynol/adverse effects ; *Ethics, Medical ; Famous Persons ; History of Medicine ; Humans ; Male ; Substance-Related Disorders/therapy
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    New disease baffles medical community (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):618-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Haiti/ethnology ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*epidemiology/etiology ; Male ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/complications ; Substance-Related Disorders ; United States
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  • 69
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    Colloidal solution of water in organic solvents: a microheterogeneous medium for enzymatic reactions (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: To simulate in vitro the conditions under which enzymes act in vivo, enzyme molecules have been entrapped in hydrated reverse micelles of a surfactant in organic solvents. In this system the catalytic activity of one of the enzymes studied (peroxidase) became much higher than in water, and the specificity of the other enzyme (alcohol dehydrogenase) was dramatically altered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martinek, K -- Levashov, A V -- Khmelnitsky, Y L -- Klyachko, N L -- Berezin, I V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):889-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6753152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcohol Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; *Catalysis ; Enzymes/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Micelles ; Peroxidases/metabolism ; Solvents ; *Water
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    Autoimmunity in left-handers. Left-handedness may be associated with an increased risk of autoimmune disease. Is testosterone the link between the two? (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):141-2,4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*physiopathology ; Brain/embryology/pathology/*physiology ; Dyslexia/pathology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Learning Disorders/complications ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Male ; Rats ; Testosterone/pharmacology/physiology
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  • 71
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    How the brain controls birdsong (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-09-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 17;217(4565):1125-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112119" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Birds/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Testosterone/physiology
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  • 72
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    Light-induced modification of Drosophila retinal polypeptides in vivo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: The effect of light on the polypeptide map profile of the Drosophila eye preparation was examined by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results show (i) that illuminating the living fly reversibly changes the isoelectric points of three classes of polypeptides specific for the photoreceptor layer and (ii) that the norpA mutation, which prevents the generation of the receptor potential, blocks the modifications.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matsumoto, H -- O'Tousa, J E -- Pak, W L -- EY 00033/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY 07008/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):839-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100927" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila/*metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Eye Proteins/*metabolism ; Isoelectric Point ; Kinetics ; *Light ; Mutation ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Photoreceptor Cells/metabolism ; Retina/*metabolism
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    A new marker for diabetes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):651.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058330" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/pathology ; Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Obesity ; Sex Factors
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  • 74
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    Biological markers for chemical exposure (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):643-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosomes/*drug effects ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reproduction/*drug effects
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  • 75
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    Intracellular oxidation-reduction state measured in situ by a multichannel fiber-optic surface fluorometer (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-06
    Description: The principles of the measurement in vivo of the oxidation-reduction state of intramitochrondrial pyridine nucleotides were used in establishing a multichannel fluorometer-reflectometer. This approach made possible the study of changes of mitochrondrial redox states in four different organs (brain, liver, kidney, and testis) of the same animal, as well as the monitoring of four different cortical areas of the same brain hemisphere. In the measurement of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide fluorescence, oximetric and movement artifacts are negligible, but blood volume changes and tissue absorption properties are a source of error. The corrected fluorescence is obtained by subtracting the reflectance from the fluorescence signed in 1:1 ratio., During graded hypoxia, the corrected fluorescence showed a gradual increase and was maximal during anoxia in all four organs tested.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mayevsky, A -- Chance, B -- NINDS 10939/DS/DS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 6;217(4559):537-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Fiber Optic Technology/*instrumentation ; Fluorometry/*instrumentation ; Gerbillinae ; Kidney/metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria/*metabolism ; Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism ; NAD/metabolism ; Optical Fibers ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen Consumption ; Rats ; Testis/metabolism
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    High-affinity choline transport in proteoliposomes derived from rat cortical synaptosomes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Functional high- and low-affinity choline transport processes from rat cortical plasma membranes were reconstituted in phosphatidylcholine bilayer liposomes. The high-affinity choline transporter demonstrated a pharmacological profile and ion dependency that were identical to those of intact synaptosomes. This preparation may be used to further characterize choline transport and, with appropriate supplementation, to investigate the release of acetylcholine in the absence of synaptic vesicles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meyer, E M -- Cooper, J R -- NS 09836/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):843-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7100928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Choline/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lipid Bilayers/metabolism ; Liposomes/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylcholines/metabolism ; Rats ; Sodium/metabolism ; Synaptosomes/*metabolism
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    Cysteamine: a potent and specific depletor of pituitary prolactin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-30
    Description: Cysteamine rapidly reduces the concentration of prolactin in pituitary tissue in vivo and in vitro. The effect is dose-dependent, reversible, and cannot be accounted for by prolactin release. Cysteamine does not appear to exert its effect through dopamine receptors and does not alter lactotrope morphology, as determined by electron microscopy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Millard, W J -- Sagar, S M -- Landis, D M -- Martin, J B -- AM 26252/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 30;217(4558):452-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cysteamine/*pharmacology ; Domperidone/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Kinetics ; Male ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*metabolism ; Prolactin/analysis/*metabolism/secretion ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/physiology ; Spiperone/pharmacology
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    Leukotriene D4: a potent coronary artery vasoconstrictor associated with impaired ventricular contraction (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Leukotriene D4 (2 c 10(-9) mole), injected into the left circumflex coronary artery of anesthetized sheep, produced profound coronary vasoconstriction and impaired regional ventricular wall motion. This cardiac effect was neither inhibited by prior treatment of the sheep with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor nor associated with thromboxane B2 release into the coronary sinus. Intravenous FPL 55712 completely abolished the coronary vasoconstriction of leukotriene D4, but a significant reduction of regional wall shortening persisted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michelassi, F -- Landa, L -- Hill, R D -- Lowenstein, E -- Watkins, W D -- Petkau, A J -- Zapol, W M -- HL23591/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):841-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6808665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Chromones/pharmacology ; Coronary Circulation/drug effects ; Coronary Vessels/*drug effects ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; Female ; Heart Ventricles/drug effects ; Ibuprofen/pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; SRS-A/*pharmacology ; Sheep ; Thromboxane B2/metabolism ; Vasoconstriction/*drug effects
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    Neonatal treatment with antiserum to prolactin lowers blood pressure in rats (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Prolactin administration reportedly increases blood pressure in rats and rabbits. To study the effects of prolactin deficiency on blood pressure, rats were given saline, normal rabbit serum, or rabbit antiserum to rat prolactin on postnatal days 2 to 5. Both males and females given antiserum had significantly lower blood pressure at 14 weeks than rats given saline or normal rabbit serum. Blood pressure differences between females given antiserum and females given saline disappeared during and following pregnancy. The antiserum also lowered the concentration of prolactin in plasma 49 percent in males and decreased the prolactin response to ether stress in both sexes. These results suggest that endogenous prolactin is involved in blood pressure regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mills, D E -- Buckman, M T -- Peake, G T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):162-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; *Blood Pressure ; Female ; Immune Sera/pharmacology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal ; Prolactin/blood/immunology/*physiology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Sex Characteristics ; Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
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    Bilirubin-induced modulation of cerebral protein phosphorylation in neonate rabbits in vivo (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: Protein phosphorylation in cerebral cell-free preparations from neonate rabbits was inhibited by bilirubin and promoted by aminophylline when these substances had been administered intravenously. In animals given both compounds, the bilirubin-induced inhibition of phosphorylation was partly reversed by aminophylline. Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate added in vitro during the assays also increased protein phosphorylation. These data introduce new concepts in the pathogenesis of kernicterus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morphis, L -- Constantopoulos, A -- Matsaniotis, N -- Papaphilis, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):156-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aminophylline/pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bilirubin/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Rabbits
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    Calcium and age in fibroblasts from control subjects and patients with cystic fibrosis (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: Intracellular calcium increases significantly as human fibroblasts age in culture. The calcium increase occurs 5 to 6 weeks (passages) earlier and is significantly greater in fibroblasts from subjects with cystic fibrosis in comparison with cells from control subjects. Intracellular calcium, which is thought to be a pathogenetic factor in cystic fibrosis, may also be a meaningful marker in cell aging.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, B L -- Lam, L F -- AG-02114/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):417-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7071590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Calcium/*metabolism ; *Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Cystic Fibrosis/*metabolism/pathology ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Infant ; Male
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  • 82
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    Heroin "overdose" death: contribution of drug-associated environmental cues (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-23
    Description: A model of "overdose" deaths among heroin addicts is proposed which emphasizes recent findings concerning the contribution of drug-associated environmental cues to drug tolerance. Results of animal experiments performed to evaluate this model suggest that conditioned drug-anticipatory responses, in addition to pharmacological factors, affect heroin-induced mortality.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siegel, S -- Hinson, R E -- Krank, M D -- McCully, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):436-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7200260" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Tolerance ; Environment ; Heroin/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Substance-Related Disorders/*physiopathology
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  • 83
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    Diazepam impairs lateral position control in highway driving (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-02
    Description: Nine expert drivers operated an instrumented vehicle in tests over a highway at night after being treated with diazepam (5 and 10 milligrams), a placebo, and nothing. They reacted to 10 milligrams of diazepam with increased lateral position variability. Potentially dangerous impairment was inferred from the reactions of some subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Hanlon, J F -- Haak, T W -- Blaauw, G J -- Riemersma, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 2;217(4554):79-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089544" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; *Automobile Driving ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity/*drug effects ; Placebos
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  • 84
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    Familial renal cell carcinoma with a 3;11 chromosome translocation limited to tumor cells (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-09-03
    Description: Cytogenic studies were performed on the direct chromosome preparations of the renal cell carcinoma cells and the cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with familial renal cell carcinoma. The results revealed a specific, acquired translocations (3p;11p) present in the majority of metaphases of the tumor, indicating that the development of renal cell carcinoma is associated with a deletion in the proximal end of 3p. Renal cell carcinoma is thus the third example--the first two being retinoblastoma and Wilms' tumor--of a chromosomal deletion occurring germinally or somatically in association with a specific tumor. This finding adds further support to the existence of specific human cancer genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pathak, S -- Strong, L C -- Ferrell, R E -- Trindade, A -- CA 27925/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Sep 3;217(4563):939-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7112106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma/*genetics ; Adult ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosomes, Human, 1-3/*ultrastructure ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X/*ultrastructure ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Kidney Neoplasms/*genetics ; Lymphocytes/ultrastructure ; Male ; Pedigree ; *Translocation, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    (+)-Amphetamine binding to rat hypothalamus: relation to anorexic potency for phenylethylamines (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-29
    Description: Saturable and stereospecific binding sites for (+)-[3H]amphetamine were demonstrated in membrane preparations from rat brain. The density of these binding sites varies among brain regions and is highest in the hypothalamus and brainstem. Specific (+)-[3H]amphetamine binding in hypothalamus is largely confined to synaptosomal membranes, rapidly reversible, and sensitive to both heat and proteolytic enzymes. Scatchard analysis of the equilibrium binding data revealed two distinct sites with apparent affinity constants of 93 and 300 nanomoles per liter, respectively. The effects of various psychotropic drugs as well as a number of putative neurotransmitters and related agonists and antagonists in displacing specific (+)-[3H]amphetamine binding demonstrate that these binding sites are not associated with any previously described neurotransmitter or drug receptors, but are specific for amphetamine and related phenylethylamine derivatives. Furthermore, the relative affinities of a series of phenylethylamine derivatives for (+)-[3H]amphetamine binding sites in hypothalamic membranes is highly correlated to their potencies as anorexic agents. These results suggest the presence of specific receptor sites in hypothalamus that mediate the anorexic activity of amphetamine and related drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paul, S M -- Hulihan-Giblin, B -- Skolnick, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 29;218(4571):487-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anorexia/physiopathology ; Appetite Depressants/*pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Dextroamphetamine/*metabolism ; Hypothalamus/drug effects/*metabolism/physiology ; Male ; Phenethylamines/metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 86
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    Oxytocin, vasopressin, and estrogen-stimulated neurophysin: daily patterns of concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: The concentrations of oxytocin, arginine vasopressin, and estrogen stimulated neurophysin in cerebrospinal fluid of monkeys showed a daily fluctuation with high concentrations occurring during the light period. The patterns of oxytocin and estrogen-stimulated neurophysin in the cerebrospinal fluid were not observed in the plasma nor were they altered after the administration of a dose of estradiol that increased concentrations of estrogen-stimulated neurophysin in plasma. The disassociation between these cerebrospinal fluid and plasma patterns and values suggests that the secretory activity of neurons that release estrogen-stimulated neurophysin and oxytocin into the cerebrospinal fluid is controlled by mechanisms different from those that control their release into the plasma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perlow, M J -- Reppert, S M -- Artman, H A -- Fisher, D A -- Self, S M -- Robinson, A G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1416-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7201163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/blood/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Circadian Rhythm ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Neurons, Efferent/secretion ; Neurophysins/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Oxytocin/blood/*cerebrospinal fluid
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  • 87
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    Sex preselection in mammals? Separation of sperm bearing Y and "O" chromosomes in the vole Microtus oregoni (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: The two sex determining sperm populations of the vole Microtus oregoni were separated according to DNA content by use of flow sorting instrumentation. Although the sperm were not viable, they should be useful for addressing the question of haploid expression of genes linked to sex chromosomes and for efficiently searching for biochemical markers that differentiate the two populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pinkel, D -- Gledhill, B L -- Lake, S -- Stephenson, D -- Van Dilla, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):904-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6753153" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arvicolinae/genetics ; DNA/analysis ; Flow Cytometry/methods ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Male ; Sex Chromosomes/ultrastructure ; *Sex Determination Analysis ; Spermatozoa/*physiology
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  • 88
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    Nonopiate effects of dynorphin and des-Tyr-dynorphin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-12-10
    Description: Intracerebroventricular administration of dynorphin produced potent and long-lasting effects on motor function and the electroencephalogram in rats. In addition, local iontophoretic or pressure ejection of dynorphin consistently inhibited hippocampal unit activity. None of these effects were significantly affected by naloxone even at high doses. Moreover, a fragment of dynorphin that failed to displace any of a number of tritiated narcotics from rat brain homogenates produced similar effects on these physiological measures in vivo. On the basis of a variety of criteria for "opiate action," the results suggest that a second biologically active site within the dynorphin sequence is capable of quite potent but nonopiate effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Walker, J M -- Moises, H C -- Coy, D H -- Baldrighi, G -- Akil, H -- 1F32DA04183/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA02265/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Dec 10;218(4577):1136-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6128791" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Dynorphins ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Hippocampus/*physiology ; Male ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 89
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    Insulin stimulation of nucleoside triphosphatase activity in isolated nuclear envelopes (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-05-28
    Description: The activity of nucleoside triphosphatase, an enzyme that regulates nuclear messenger RNA transport, was measured in highly purified nuclear envelopes isolated from rat liver. Addition of picomolar concentrations of insulin to freshly prepared nuclear envelopes directly increased the enzyme activity. The major effect of insulin on this enzyme was to increase the maximum velocity of its activity; no significant effects were seen on the affinity constant. These studies raise the possibility, therefore, that the nuclear envelope is a site where insulin regulates nuclear functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Purrello, F -- Vigneri, R -- Clawson, G A -- Goldfine, I D -- AM 26667/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 28;216(4549):1005-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6281885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell-Free System ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Liver/enzymology ; Nuclear Envelope/*enzymology ; Nucleoside-Triphosphatase ; Nucleotides/metabolism ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Antidepressants alter cerebrovascular permeability and metabolic rate in primates (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-07-16
    Description: External detection of the annihilation radiation produced by water labeled with oxygen-15 was used to measure cerebrovascular permeability and cerebral blood flow in six rhesus monkeys. Use of oxygen-15 also permitted assessment of cerebral metabolic rate in two of the monkeys. Amitriptyline produced a dose-dependent, reversible increase in permeability at plasma drug concentrations which are therapeutic for depressed patients. At the same concentrations the drug also produced a 20 to 30 percent reduction in cerebral metabolic rate. At higher doses normal autoregulation of cerebral blood flow was suspended, but responsivity to arterial carbon dioxide was normal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Preskorn, S H -- Raichle, M E -- Hartman, B K -- HL-13851/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- NS-06833/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-17252/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 16;217(4556):250-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amitriptyline/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Blood-Brain Barrier/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Capillaries/physiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/*drug effects ; Kinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Permeability ; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    The carboxy terminus of the precursor to vasopressin and neurophysin: immunocytochemistry in rat brain (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: A pituitary glycopeptide whose amino acid sequence was previously identified has now been recognized as the final portion of the precursor to arginine vasopressin and its associated neurophysin. Immunocytochemical techniques with antiserums against this 39 amino acid peptide and vasopressin were used to study their distribution in the rat central nervous system. The peptide is located in vasopressin-synthesizing cells in the neurosecretory magnocellular nuclei. Positively stained fibers project from the magnocellular nuclei through the median eminence to the posterior pituitary. Studies of the homozygous Brattleboro rat, which is known to be deficient in the production of vasopressin and its related neurophysin, also show the absence of immunoreactivity to this peptide. These immunocytochemical data strongly indicate that the peptide is synthesized with vasopressin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Seidah, N G -- Chretien, M -- DA00154/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA02265/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):853-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6125034" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/*metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Dynorphins ; Endorphins/metabolism ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Male ; Neurophysins/*metabolism ; Peptide Fragments ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior/metabolism ; Protein Precursors/analysis/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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  • 92
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    Dynorphin and vasopressin: common localization in magnocellular neurons (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-02
    Description: The opioid peptide dynorphin is widely distributed in neuronal tissue of rats. By immunocytochemical methods, it was shown previously that dynorphin-like immunoreactivity is present in the posterior pituitary and the cells of the hypothalamic neurosecretory magnocellular nuclei which also are responsible for the synthesis of oxytocin, vasopressin, and their neurophysins. By using an affinity-purified antiserum to the non-enkephalin part of the dynorphin molecule it has now been demonstrated that dynorphin and vasopressin occur in the same hypothalamic cells of rats, whereas dynorphin and oxytocin occur in separate cells. Homozygous Brattleboro rats (deficient in vasopressin) have magnocellular neurons that contain dynorphin separate from oxytocin. Thus dynorphin and vasopressin, although they occur in the same cells, appear to be under separate genetic control and presumably arise from different precursors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Akil, H -- Fischli, W -- Goldstein, A -- Zimmerman, E -- Nilaver, G -- van wimersma Griedanus, T B -- DA 00254/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA 02265/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA1199/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 2;216(4541):85-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6121376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arginine Vasopressin/*metabolism ; Dynorphins ; Endorphins/*metabolism ; Enkephalin, Leucine ; Enkephalins/metabolism ; Hypothalamus/cytology/*metabolism ; Immunologic Techniques ; Male ; Rats
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  • 93
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    Lesion-induced sprouting in the rat dentate gyrus is inhibited by repeated ethanol administration (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-11-19
    Description: The effect of ethanol on hippocampal axonal sprouting was studied with a histochemical technique for identifying acetylcholinesterase. Unilateral lesion of the entorhinal cortex in adult rats produced an increase in the density of acetylcholinesterase staining in the outer molecular layer and a concomitant increase in the width of the pale-staining commissural-associational zone of the dentate gyrus. Other rats were given ethanol (11.3 +/- 0.45 grams per kilogram) for 2 weeks before and 9 days after receiving the lesion. Ethanol abolished the expansion of the commissural-associated zone. The effect of ethanol on sprouting axons suggests that it may inhibit recovery of function after brain injury.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉West, J R -- Lind, M D -- Demuth, R M -- Parker, E S -- Alkana, R L -- Cassell, M -- Black, A C Jr -- AA-03884/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 19;218(4574):809-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7134977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/drug effects/*physiology ; Ethanol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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  • 94
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    Bronchoconstrictor effects of leukotriene C in humans (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-04-09
    Description: Maximum expiratory flow rate at 30 percent of vital capacity above residual volume served as an index of airway obstruction in comparing the effects of leukotriene C and histamine administered by aerosol to five normal persons. Leukotriene C was 600 to 9500 times more potent than histamine on a molar basis in producing an equivalent decrement in the residual volume. The leukotriene C response was slow in onset and prolonged, reminiscent of the effects of aerosol allergen challenge in asthmatic allergic subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, J W -- Drazen, J M -- Coles, N -- McFadden, E R Jr -- Weller, P F -- Corey, E J -- Lewis, R A -- Austen, K F -- AI-00399/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-07722/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-10356/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Apr 9;216(4542):196-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7063880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Airway Resistance/*drug effects ; Bronchi/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Histamine/pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostaglandins F/pharmacology ; SRS-A/*pharmacology ; Time Factors
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  • 95
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    Different synaptic location of mianserin and imipramine binding sites (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: The high-affinity binding sites for mianserin and imipramine appear to be locate in different neurons of rat brain. Studies in which lesions were produced with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine and other studies in which the 5-hydroxytryptamine content was decreased with p-chlorophenylalanine indicate that some of the imipramine binding sites are on serotonin axon terminals and others are on nonserotonergic synapses. The sites that bind mianserin are on postsynaptic serotonin sites as well as on synapses of other neuronal systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brunello, N -- Chuang, D M -- Costa, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1112-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine/pharmacology ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Dibenzazepines/*metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Imipramine/*metabolism ; Male ; Mianserin/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*metabolism
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  • 96
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    Central regulation of intestinal motility by somatostatin and cholecystokinin octapeptide (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-06-25
    Description: When injected continuously into the lateral ventricles of the rat, somatostatin increased the frequency of the migrating myoelectric complexes of the small intestine in a dose-related manner. A significant increase was obtained at a dose as low as 0.066 picomole per minute. In contrast, cholecystokinin octapeptide decreased the frequency of the migrating myoelectric complex of the small intestine or disrupted this pattern when injected into the lateral ventricle at rates of 0.073 to 0.23 picomole per minute. These findings support the hypothesis that somatostatin and cholecystokinin octapeptide act on central nervous system structures that are involved in the control of intestinal motility.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bueno, L -- Ferre, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jun 25;216(4553):1427-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6124037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cholecystokinin/administration & dosage/analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; *Gastrointestinal Motility ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Somatostatin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
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  • 97
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    Phosphorylation of myosin light chains in mouse fast-twitch muscle associated with reduced actomyosin turnover rate (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Phosphorylation of the 18,000-dalton light chains of the fast-twitch myosin in mouse extensor digitorum longus muscles was correlated with reduction in the rate of the actomyosin adenosinetriphosphatase in vivo, but neither of these changes occurred in the soleus muscle. These results suggest that actomyosin interactions can be down-regulated by a reversible covalent modification of myosin light chains, that a mechanism for thick-filament regulation occurs in vertebrate skeletal muscle, and that the expression of this regulation may be limited to a specific fiber type.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crow, M T -- Kushmerick, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):835-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6285472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actomyosin/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Animals ; Energy Metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth/metabolism ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Myosin-Light-Chain Phosphatase ; Myosins/*metabolism ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism ; Phosphorylation
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  • 98
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    Postural asymmetry and movement disorder after unilateral microinjection of adrenocorticotropin 1-24 in rat brainstem (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-10-08
    Description: A unilateral microinjection of adrenocorticotropin 1-24 in the rat brainstem in the region of the locus ceruleus resulted in postural asymmetry and movement disorder that resembled human dystonia, the severity and duration (2 to 3 days) being dose-dependent. These results show for the first time that neuropeptides in the brainstem may modulate posture and movement, and they suggest that some forms of movement disorder such as dystonia may be due to a disordered regulation of postural and locomotor mechanisms by adrenocorticotropin 1-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacquet, Y F -- Abrams, G M -- K07 00478/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 8;218(4568):175-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6289433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*analogs & derivatives ; Animals ; Brain Stem/drug effects/*physiology ; Cosyntropin/*pharmacology ; Male ; Microinjections ; Motor Activity/*drug effects ; *Posture ; Rats
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  • 99
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    Hyperglycemia of diabetic rats decreased by a glucagon receptor antagonist (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: The glucagon analog [l-N alpha-trinitrophenylhistidine, 12-homoarginine]-glucagon (THG) was examined for its ability to lower blood glucose concentrations in rats made diabetic with streptozotocin. In vitro, THG is a potent antagonist of glucagon activation of the hepatic adenylate cyclase assay system. Intravenous bolus injections of THG caused rapid decreases (20 to 35 percent) of short duration in blood glucose. Continuous infusion of low concentrations of the inhibitor led to larger sustained decreases in blood glucose (30 to 65 percent). These studies demonstrate that a glucagon receptor antagonist can substantially reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic animals without addition of exogenous insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, D G -- Goebel, C U -- Hruby, V J -- Bregman, M D -- Trivedi, D -- AM21085/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM25318/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1115-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy ; Glucagon/*analogs & derivatives/*antagonists & inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Hyperglycemia/*drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects ; Receptors, Glucagon ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 100
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    Role of serotonergic input in the regulation of the beta-adrenergic receptor-coupled adenylate cyclase system (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-11-26
    Description: The action of desipramine on the norepinephrine-sensitive adenylate cyclase system and the density of beta-adrenergic receptors in rat cortex was studied after selective lesioning of serotonergic neurons with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine. In animals with lesions desipramine failed to reduce the density of beta-adrenoceptors but decreased the response of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate to isoproterenol and norepinephrine to the same degree as in animals without lesions. The results demonstrate a functional linkage between serotonergic and noradrenergic systems in the rat cortex, with beta-adrenergic receptors and neurohormonal sensitivity of the adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-generating system being under separate regulatory control.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Janowsky, A -- Okada, F -- Manier, D H -- Applegate, C D -- Sulser, F -- Steranka, L R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Nov 26;218(4575):900-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6291152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Cyclic AMP/biosynthesis ; Desipramine/pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*physiology ; Serotonin/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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