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  • Kinetics  (61)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (61)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Institute of Physics
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (34)
  • 1975-1979  (27)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1981  (34)
  • 1978  (27)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (61)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Institute of Physics
  • Springer  (9)
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Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (34)
  • 1975-1979  (27)
  • 1970-1974
Year
  • 1
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    The biology of oxygen radicals (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: The reactive superoxide radical, O2-, formerly of concern only to radiation chemists and radiobiologists, is now understood to be a normal product of the biological reduction of molecular oxygen. An unusual family of enzymes, the superoxide dismutases, protect against the deleterious actions of this radical by catalyzing its dismutation to hydrogen peroxide plus oxygen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fridovich, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):875-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding Sites ; Catalase/metabolism ; Free Radicals ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Metals ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Paraquat/pharmacology ; Peroxidases/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/*metabolism ; Superoxides/*metabolism/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    beta-Adrenergic receptors in aged rat brain: reduced number and capacity of pineal gland to develop supersensitivity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: The density but not the affinity of beta-adrenergic receptors declined significantly with age in rat pineal gland, corpus striatum, and cerebellum, as determined by the binding of tritiated dihydroalprenolol. Exposing rats to light for 12 hours increased the binding of this radioligand in 3-month-old but not in 24-month-old rats. The reduced responsiveness to catecholamines seen in aging may be due to a decrease in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors which, in turn, may be caused by an impaired capacity of receptors in aged animals to adapt to changes in adrenergic neuronal input.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenberg, L H -- Weiss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Alprenolol/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; Circadian Rhythm ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Male ; Neuroglia/metabolism ; Pineal Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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  • 3
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    S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase is an adenosine-binding protein: a target for adenosine toxicity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: When adenosine deaminase activity is inhibited, low concentrations of adenosine are toxic to human lymphoblast mutants that are unable to convert adenosine to intracellular nucleotides. In order to identify the mediator of this cytotoxicity, we searched for a cytoplasmic protein capable of binding adenosine with high affinity. Such a protein was identified in extracts of human lymphoblasts and placenta as the enzyme S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hershfield, M S -- Krodich, N M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):757-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*metabolism ; Adenosine Deaminase/*deficiency ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Nucleoside Deaminases/*deficiency ; Placenta/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; S-Adenosylhomocysteine/metabolism
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  • 4
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    Cocaine plasma concentration: relation to physiological and subjective effects in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: Volunteer subjects with previous histories of cocaine use were administered cocaine hydrochloride intravenously or intranasally. There was a positive relationship between peak plasma concentration, physiological and subjective responses, and dose administered. The rate of cocaine disappearance after intravenous administration paralleled the drop in physiological and subjective drug effects. After intranasal administration, blood levels remained elevated for a considerably longer period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Javaid, J I -- Fischman, M W -- Schuster, C R -- Dekirmenjian, H -- Davis, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):227-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Cocaine/administration & dosage/*blood/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Euphoria/*drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Clearance Rate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Far-ultraviolet stopped-flow circular dichroism (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: A stopped-flow circular dichroism instrument, with a total accessible wavelength range of 200 to 750 nanometers, has been constructed and provides a spectroscopic method for kinetic investigations of a wide array of fast reactions in which optical activity changes in absorbing regions are involved. An important biochemical application depends on the far-ultraviolet capability, which allows observation of the rapid alterations in backbone conformation associated with folding and unfolding reactions of proteins. Results obtained by following two such reactions at 222 nanometers represent direct monitoring by circular dichroism of rapid secondary structure changes in proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luchins, J -- Beychok, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):425-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Circular Dichroism ; Hemoglobins ; Kinetics ; Methemoglobin ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Denaturation ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods ; *Spectrum Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Jaundice phototherapy: micro flow-cell photometry reveals rapid biliary response of Gunn rats to light (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Hepatic pigment clearance in rats can be followed continuously with photometric detectors designed for high-pressure liquid chromatography. This method showed that light has a fast effect on bilirubin metabolism in homozygous Gunn rats, even at low doses and intensities. This is consistent with geometric isomerization of bilirubin IXalpha as a primary step in phototherapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDonagh, A F -- Ramonas, L M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):829-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/581101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bile/metabolism ; Bilirubin/blood/*metabolism/radiation effects ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/*therapy ; Kinetics ; Liver/metabolism ; *Phototherapy ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Enhancement of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease activity by mercaptoethanol (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Incubation of ribonuclease with 0.1M mercaptoethanol at pH 8.5 can increase the enzyme's hydrolytic activity toward cytidine 2',3'-monophosphate (cyclic CMP) under standard assay conditions. Cation-exchange chromatography of the ribonuclease-thiol reaction mixture revealed seven fractions. The fraction with the highest activity had an approximate tenfold decrease in the apparent Michaelis constant for cyclic CMP with respect to native ribonuclease. The enhanced activity is a metastable property since this fraction reverts back to the control activity and chromatographic behavior of native ribonuclease on standing in solution at room temperature.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watkins, J B -- Benz, F W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1084-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/564548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Disulfides/pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Glutathione/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mercaptoethanol/*pharmacology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Pancreas/enzymology ; Protein Conformation ; Ribonucleases/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 8
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    Benzodiazepine inhibition of the calcium-calmodulin protein kinase system in brain membrane (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Benzodiazepines inhibit Ca2+-calmodulin-stimulated membrane protein phosphorylation. The effects of the benzodiazepines on protein phosphorylation are stereospecific and produced by membrane-bound benzodiazepine. The potency of benzodiazepine kinase inhibition is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit electric shock-induced convulsions. These findings provide evidence that some of the anticonvulsant and neuronal stabilizing effects of benzodiazepines may be modulated by the Ca2+-calmodulin protein kinase system and indicate that this calmodulin-kinase system represents an identifiable benzodiazepine receptor in brain that is distinquishable by several criteria from the previously described high affinity benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLorenzo, R J -- Burdette, S -- Holderness, J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NSI-EA-1-K04-NS245/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):546-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264605" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/metabolism ; Brain/*enzymology ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/*pharmacology ; Calmodulin/*pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Chlordiazepoxide/*pharmacology ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A
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  • 9
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    Isolation of biological materials by use of erbium (III)--induced magnetic susceptibilities (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Evans, C H -- Tew, W P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):653-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Cations ; *Erbium ; Kinetics ; *Magnetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Vagotomy abolishes cues of satiety produced by gastric distension (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonzalez, M F -- Deutsch, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1283-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Feeding Behavior ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; *Satiation ; *Satiety Response ; Stomach/*physiology ; *Vagotomy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Plasmid-assisted molecular breeding: new technique for enhanced biodegradation of persistent toxic chemicals (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: The persistence of synthetic herbicides such as 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and its release in massive amounts as a herbicide (Agent Orange) have created toxicological problems in many countries. In nature, 2,4,5-T is slowly degraded by cooxidation and is not utilized as a sole source of carbon and energy. The technique of plasmid-assisted molecular breeding has led to the development of bacterial strains capable of totally degrading 2,4,5-T by using it as their sole source of carbon at high concentrations (greater than 1 mg/ml). Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography reveal various intermediates during growth of the culture with 2,4,5-T.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kellogg, S T -- Chatterjee, D K -- Chakrabarty, A M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1133-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*metabolism ; Bacteria/*genetics/metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Cell Division ; Kinetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Plasmids
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Divalent cation ionophores stimulate resorption and inhibit DNA synthesis in cultured fetal rat bone (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Two divalent cation ionophores, A23187 and Ionomycin, which are selective for calcium, stimulated the resorption of fetal rat long bones in organ culture at 0.1 to 1 micromolar but not at higher concentrations. Both agents inhibited DNA synthesis at concentrations that stimulated resorption. These results might explain the differences in ionophore effects on bone previously reported, and they imply that cell replication is not required for osteoclast formation in fetal rat long bone cultures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorenzo, J A -- Raisz, L G -- AM 07290/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 18063/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1157-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Bone Resorption/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/drug effects/*metabolism ; Calcimycin/*pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Radioisotopes ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; DNA Replication/*drug effects ; Ethers/pharmacology ; Fetus ; Ionomycin ; Ionophores/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    The AF64a-treated mouse: possible model for central cholinergic hypofunction (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: A loss in the number of functional, sodium ion-dependent, high-affinity choline transport sites was observed in the cortex and hippocampus of mice given an intracerebroventricular injection of 65 nanomoles of AF64A (ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion) 3 days earlier. Such an effect was not observed in the striatum. This effect of AF64A represents a long-term neurochemical deficit at cholinergic nerve terminals in some brain regions which can lead to a persistent deficiency in central cholinergic transmission. The AF64A-treated animal may thus be a model for certain psychiatric or neurological disorders that appear to involve central cholinergic hypofunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mantione, C R -- Fisher, A -- Hanin, I -- MH 26320/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH/AG 34893/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):579-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6894649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aziridines/*pharmacology ; Azirines/*pharmacology ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Choline/*analogs & derivatives/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Sodium/pharmacology ; Synaptosomes/drug effects/*metabolism
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  • 14
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    Early removal of one eye reduces normally occurring cell death in the remaining eye (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: During normal development of the hamster eye, there is a substantial loss of cells from the retinal ganglion cell layer in the first two postnatal weeks. If one eye is lost at birth, this cell death is reduced in the remaining eye. This may account for the increased ipsilateral projection from this eye to the thalamus and midbrain observed in these animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sengelaub, D R -- Finlay, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):573-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Survival ; Cricetinae ; Kinetics ; Neurons/*physiology ; Rats ; Retina/cytology/*physiology
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  • 15
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    Bee venom enhances guanylate cyclase activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Bee venom and phospholipase A2 extracted from bee venom enhanced guanylate cyclase (E.C. 4.6.1.2) activity two- to threefold in rat liver, lung, heart, kidney, ileum, and cerebellum. Dose-response relationships revealed that bee venom at concentrations as low as 1 microgram per milliliter and phospholipase A2 at 1 microunit per milliliter caused a maximal enhancement of guanylate cyclase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vesely, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):359-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6113689" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bee Venoms/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; Guanylate Cyclase/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Phospholipases/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A2 ; Rats
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  • 16
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    Biopterin cofactor biosynthesis: independent regulation of GTP cyclohydrolase in adrenal medulla and cortex (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase, the enzyme that is apparently rate-limiting in biopterin biosynthesis, is increased in adrenal cortex and medulla of rats treated with insulin or reserpine. Denervation and hypophysectomy block the increase in medullary and cortical enzyme activity, respectively, whereas cycloheximide presents the increase in both tissues. These results provide evidence for induction and regulation of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Viveros, O H -- Lee, C L -- Abou-Donia, M M -- Nixon, J C -- Nichol, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):349-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex/drug effects/*enzymology ; Adrenal Glands/innervation ; Adrenal Medulla/drug effects/*enzymology ; Aminohydrolases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Biopterin/*biosynthesis ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Denervation ; GTP Cyclohydrolase/*metabolism ; Hypophysectomy ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Organ Specificity ; Pteridines/*biosynthesis ; Rats ; Reserpine/pharmacology
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  • 17
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    Receptor for albumin on the liver cell surface may mediate uptake of fatty acids and other albumin-bound substances (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: Kinetic analysis of the uptake of carbon-14-labeled oleate in a single-pass perfusion of rat liver and saturable and specific binding of iodine-125-labeled albumin to hepatocytes in suspension suggest the existence of a receptor for albumin on the liver cell surface. The putative receptor appears to mediate uptake of albumin-bound fatty acids by the cell and may account for the efficient hepatic extraction of many other substances tightly bound to albumin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisiger, R -- Gollan, J -- Ockner, R -- AM-07007/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-13328/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-21899/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1048-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6258226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; Fatty Acids/*metabolism ; Female ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Oleic Acids/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Receptors, Albumin ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Serum Albumin/*metabolism
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  • 18
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    Nalidixic acid, oxolinic acid, and novobiocin inhibit yeast glycyl- and leucyl-transfer RNA synthetases (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Nalidixic acid and novobiocin inhibit the aminoacylation and pyrophosphate exchange activities of glycyl- and leucyl-transfer RNA synthetases from bakers' yeast. Similar types of inhibition are observed for both enzymes, suggesting similar mechanisms. The potency of these inhibitors is comparable to that observed for their inhibition of in vivo DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wright, H T -- Nurse, K C -- Goldstein, D J -- GM 07654/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23598/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):455-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Glycine-tRNA Ligase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Leucine-tRNA Ligase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Nalidixic Acid/*pharmacology ; Novobiocin/*pharmacology ; Oxolinic Acid/*pharmacology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*enzymology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate are highly responsive to epidermal growth factor (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: An established line of mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate is highly sensitive to the stimulatory effect of epidermal growth factor on growth, labeled thymidine incorporation, and ornithine decarboxylase activity. The results suggest that epidermal growth factor may play a key role in development of various human embryonic and fetal tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoneda, T -- Pratt, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):563-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Palate/drug effects/*physiology ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy
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  • 20
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    Presynaptic alpha-receptor subsensitivity after long-term antidepressant treatment (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: After 3 weeks of twice-daily administration of desipramine to rats, the frequency-response curve for field stimulation of adrenergic neurons in isolated left atrial strips was shifted markedly to the left and the efflux of [3H]norepinephrine was enhanced greatly. After 1 day of treatment, only slight shifts in the frequency-response curve and small increases in [3H]norepinephrine efflux occurred although inhibition of [3H]norepinephrine uptake was already maximal, and phenoxybenzamine caused a further shift to the left in the frequency-response curve similar to that which occurred after 3 weeks of desipramine treatment alone. A gradual decrease in the sensitivity of the presynaptic alpha receptor would explain the delay in the onset of the linical effect of the tricyclic antidepressants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crews, F T -- Smith, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/211589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Desipramine/*pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Phenoxybenzamine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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  • 21
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    Potassium activation associated with intraneuronal free calcium (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Relations between calcium entry and activation of a calcium-dependent outward current during depolarization were examined under voltage clamp in dorid giant neurons injected with the calcium-sensitive photoprotein aequorin. Activation kinetics and amplitude of the slow calcium-dependent component were both found to be related to the rate and extent of free calcium accumulation and to the electromotive force acting on potassium ions, independent of the calcium activation kinetics. This indicates that the activation of the calcium-dependent outward current is more closely related to the transient intracellular accumulation of free calcium ions than to the movement of calcium through the plasma membrane during depolarization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eckert, R -- Tillotson, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):437-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Mollusca ; Neurilemma/physiology ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Potassium/*metabolism
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  • 22
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    Entry of insulin into human cultured lymphocytes: electron microscope autoradiographic analysis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: Electron microscope autoradiographs were prepared of IM-9 human cultured lymphocytes incubated with iodine-125-labeled insulin. With the use of [125I]insulin and Ilford L-4 emulsion, the technique had a resolution half-distance of approximately 0.085 micrometer. Autoradiographs revealed a time-dependent entry of insulin into the cell interior that was maximal after 30 minutes of incubation. At this time point nearly 40 percent of the [125I]insulin was in the interior of the cell at a distance 1 micrometer or greater from the plasma membrane. Grain distribution and volume density analyses revealed that the intracellular insulin was concentrated in the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldfine, I D -- Jones, A L -- Hradek, G T -- Wong, K Y -- Mooney, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):760-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715440" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Autoradiography ; Biological Transport ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes/*metabolism
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  • 23
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    Intracellular translocation of iodine-125-labeled insulin: direct demonstration in isolated hepatocytes (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-05-19
    Description: Insulin labeled with iodine-125 binds to receptors on isolated rat hepatocytes. At low temperatures initial binding is restricted to the plasma membrane as detected by direct quantitative autoradiographic analysis with the electron microscope. With increasing time and temperature of incubation there is a systematic and progressive translocation of autoradiographic grains to a highly limited area of the cell periphery representing no more than 15% of the radius of the cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorden, P -- Carpentier, J L -- Freychet, P -- LeCam, A -- Orci, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):782-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Endocytosis ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Rats ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
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  • 24
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    Slow axonal transport of neurofilament proteins: impairment of beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile administration (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: beta,beta'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) administration prevented normal slow axonal transport of [35S]methionine- or [3H]leucine-labeled proteins in rat sciatic motor axons. Ultrastructural and electrophoretic studies showed that the neurofilament triplet proteins in particular were retained within the initial 5 millimeters of the axons, resulting in neurofilament-filled axonal swellings. Fast anterograde and retrograde axonal transport were not affected. The IDPN thus selectively impaired slow axonal transport. The neurofibrillary pathology in this model is the result of the defective slow transport of neurofilaments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Griffin, J W -- Hoffman, P N -- Clark, A W -- Carroll, P T -- Price, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):633-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/81524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Axonal Transport/*drug effects ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Neurofibrils/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Nitriles/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Sciatic Nerve/metabolism
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  • 25
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    Rod-cone dysplasia in Irish setters: a defect in cyclic GMP metabolism in visual cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: An abnormality in retinal guanosine 3,5-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) metabolism is demonstrated in the inherited rod-cone dysplasis of Irish Setter dogs. Affected visual cells are deficient in cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activity and have elevated levels of cyclic GMP. The biochemical abnormalities observed in affected retinas of Irish Setters are similar to those in the retinas of mice with inherited retinal degeneration before visual cell degeneration begins. A defect in cyclic GMP metabolism may be characteristic of early-onset degenerative diseases of the retina, possibly including those that affect humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aquirre, G -- Farber, D -- Lolley, R -- Fletcher, R T -- Chader, G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1133-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases/*deficiency ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Chromosome Aberrations/genetics/metabolism/pathology/veterinary ; Chromosome Disorders ; Cyclic GMP/*metabolism ; Dog Diseases/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Dogs ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Photoreceptor Cells/metabolism/pathology ; Retina/enzymology/*metabolism/pathology ; Retinal Degeneration/genetics/metabolism/pathology/*veterinary
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  • 26
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    Muscle crossbridge stroke and activity revealed by optical diffraction (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: Optical diffraction measurements during rapid releases of active toad muscle show that the sarcomeres contract within 1 millisecond by an amount up to but not greater than 12 nanometers. This crossbridges immediately start cycling to produce the normal contraction velocity in unloaded muscle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barden, J A -- Mason, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1212-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415364" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bufo marinus ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/*ultrastructure ; Scattering, Radiation ; Tendons/physiology
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  • 27
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    Models for the specific adhesion of cells to cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-05-12
    Description: A theoretical framework is proposed for the analysis of adhesion between cells or of cells to surfaces when the adhesion is mediated by reversible bonds between specific molecules such as antigen and antibody, lectin and carbohydrate, or enzyme and substrate. From a knowledge of the reaction rates for reactants in solution and of their diffusion constants both in solution and on membranes, it is possible to estimate reaction rates for membrane-bound reactants. Two models are developed for predicting the rate of bond formation between cells and are compared with experiments. The force required to separate two cells is shown to be greater than the expected electrical forces between cells, and of the same order of magnitude as the forces required to pull gangliosides and perhaps some integral membrane proteins out of the cell membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bell, G I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 12;200(4342):618-27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/347575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; *Cell Adhesion ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Chemistry, Physical ; Electrophysiology ; Enzymes/physiology ; Glycoproteins/physiology ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Membrane Proteins/physiology ; *Models, Biological ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Receptors, Drug/physiology
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  • 28
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    Light stimulates tyrosine hydroxylase activity and dopamine synthesis in retinal amacrine neurons (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-11-24
    Description: Retinal dopamine-containing amacrine neurons are rapidly activated by light, as shown by an increase in the rate of dopamine formation in vivo and a concomitant increase in the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, measured in vitro with a subsaturating concentration of pteridine cofactor. Activation of tyrosine hydroxylase also occurs when isolated eyes from rats killed in the dark are exposed to a strobe light. Studies of amacrine neurons should provide basic data about the biochemical processing of visual information, as well as the physiological presynaptic regulatory mechanisms of dopamine-containing neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iuvone, P M -- Galli, C L -- Garrison-Gund, C K -- Neff, N H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 24;202(4370):901-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30997" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Circadian Rhythm ; Dopamine/*biosynthesis ; Enzyme Activation/radiation effects ; Kinetics ; *Light ; Male ; Neurons/metabolism ; Rats ; Retina/cytology/enzymology/*metabolism ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/*biosynthesis
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  • 29
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    Polypeptide hormones: what are they doing in cells? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):895-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Biological Transport ; Cells/*metabolism ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/metabolism ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Hormones/*metabolism ; Insulin/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Receptor, Insulin/immunology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
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  • 30
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    Rapid changes in brain benzodiazepine receptors after experimental seizures (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-24
    Description: Seizures induced in the rat by electroshock or by injections of pentylenetetrazol increase the specific binding of diazepam to putative receptor sites in cerebral cortical membranes. The enhancement of diazepam binding results from a rapid increase in the number of available binding sites rather than a change in receptor affinity. The postictal increase in cortical benzodiazepine receptors suggests that the cerebral cortex might be more sensitive to the anticonvulsant effects of the benzodiazepines after seizures. This observation may be related to the mechanism of action of these drugs in the treatment of recurrent seizures such as status epilepticus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paul, S M -- Skolnick, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 24;202(4370):892-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anoxia/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Diazepam/*metabolism ; Electroshock ; Kinetics ; Male ; Pentylenetetrazole ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Seizures/*metabolism ; Synaptosomes/metabolism
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  • 31
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    Sickling rates of human AS red cells infected in vitro with Plasmodium falciparum malaria (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: The kinetics of sickling of malaria-infected red cells from humans with sickle cell trait were studied in vitro in an attempt to obtain direct experimental evidence for a selective advantage of the hemoglobin S heterozygote in a malarious region. The sickling rates of cells infected with Plasmodium falciparum and of non-infected cells were studied both in the total absence of oxygen (by dithionite addition) and at several different concentrations of oxyhemoglobin which might obtain in vivo. In all cases, red cells containing small plasmodium parasite forms (ring forms) sickled approximately eight times as readily as uninfected cells. Cells containing large parasitic forms (trophozoites and schizonts) appeared to sickle less readily than uninfected cells, by light microscopy criteria, but electron micrographs demonstrated the presence of polymerized deoxyhemoglobin S with a high frequency. It is concluded that enhanced sickling of plasmodium-infected AS cells may be one mechanism whereby the hemoglobin S polymorphism is balanced in favor of the heterozygote.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roth, E F Jr -- Friedman, M -- Ueda, Y -- Tellez, I -- Trager, W -- Nagel, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):650-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/360396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*parasitology ; Erythrocytes, Abnormal/*parasitology ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Malaria/*blood ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Sickle Cell Trait/parasitology
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  • 32
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    Time-resolved resonance raman spectroscopy of hemoglobin derivatives: heme structure changes in 7 nanoseconds (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Resonance Raman spectra of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and the corresponding myoglobin derivatives have been obtained with 7-nanosecond laser pulses at 531.8 nanometers. The results suggest that no transient constraint of the heme group by the globin structure occurs on this time scale, and thus establish a temporal sequence for the early events that may participate in the stereochemical trigger mechanism of hemoglobin cooperativity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woodruff, W H -- Farquharson, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):831-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Carboxyhemoglobin ; *Heme ; *Hemoglobins ; Kinetics ; Myoglobin ; Oxyhemoglobins ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman
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  • 33
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    Transport of energy in muscle: the phosphorylcreatine shuttle (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: In order to explain the insulin-like effect of exercise, it was proposed in 1951 that contracting muscle fibers liberate creatine, which acts to produce an acceptor effect--later called respiratory control--on the muscle mitochondria. The development of this notion paralleled the controversy between biochemists and physiologists over the delivery of energy for muscle contraction. With the demonstration of functional compartmentation of creatine kinase on the mitochondrion, it became clear that the actual form of energy transport in the muscle fiber is phosphorylcreatine. The finding of an isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase attached to the M-line region of the myofibril revealed the peripheral receptor for the mitochondrially generated phosphorylcreatine. This established a molecular basis for a phosphorylcreatine-creatine shuttle for energy transport in heart and skeletal muscle and provided an explanation for the inability to demonstrate experimentally a direct relation between muscle activity and the concentrations of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bessman, S P -- Geiger, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):448-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6450446" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Animals ; Creatine/metabolism ; Creatine Kinase/metabolism ; *Energy Metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Myosins/metabolism ; Phosphocreatine/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol increase plasma testosterone concentrations in mice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Oral administration of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol had a biphasic effect on plasma testosterone concentrations in male mice, causing rapid sustained increases at low doses and subsequent decreases at higher doses. In hypophysectomized and intact mice receiving gonadotropins (human chorionic gonadotropin), treatment with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol maintained higher plasma testosterone concentrations. Thus, this cannabinoid may interact with gonadotropin and directly influence testicular steroidogenesis in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalterio, S -- Bartke, A -- Mayfield, D -- 1R01 DA 02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P 30 HD 10202/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):581-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Dronabinol/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Hypophysectomy ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; Male ; Mice ; Testosterone/*blood
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    Blood-brain glucose transfer: repression in chronic hyperglycemia (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: Diabetic patients with increased plasma glucose concentrations may develop cerebral symptoms of hypoglycemia when their plasma glucose is rapidly lowered to normal concentrations. The symptoms may indicate insufficient transport of glucose from blood to brain. In rats with chronic hyperglycemia the maximum glucose transport capacity of the blood-brain barrier decreased from 400 to 290 micromoles per 100 grams per minute. When plasma glucose was lowered to normal values, the glucose transport rate into brain was 20 percent below normal. This suggests that repressive changes of the glucose transport mechanism occur in brain endothelial cells in response to increased plasma glucose.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gjedde, A -- Crone, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):456-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7027439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; *Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/blood supply ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Hyperglycemia/*metabolism ; Insulin/physiology ; Kinetics ; Rats ; Regional Blood Flow
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    Retinal chromophore of rhodopsin photoisomerizes within picoseconds (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: A new picosecond resonance Raman technique shows that resonance Raman lines characteristic of a distorted all-trans retinal appear within 30 picoseconds after photolysis of rhodopsin or isorhodopsin. This finding suggests that isomerization is nearly complete within picoseconds of the absorption of a photon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayward, G -- Carlsen, W -- Siegman, A -- Stryer, L -- EY-02387/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isomerism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Retinal Pigments/*radiation effects ; *Retinaldehyde/radiation effects ; Rhodopsin/*radiation effects ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; *Vision, Ocular ; *Vitamin A/analogs & derivatives
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    Serum albumin beads: an injectable, biodegradable system for the sustained release of drugs (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Biologically active compounds were entrapped in cross-linked serum albumin microbeads. Injection of these drug-impregnated beads into rabbits produced no adverse immunological reactions. Sustained release (20 days) of progesterone was demonstrated in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, T K -- Sokoloski, T D -- Royer, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):233-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6787705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Glutaral ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Kinetics ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Norgestrel/administration & dosage ; Progesterone/*administration & dosage/blood ; Rabbits ; Serum Albumin, Bovine/*administration & dosage
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    Pancreatic islet-acinar cell interaction: amylase messenger RNA levels ar determined by insulin (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Pancreatic amylase messenger RNA progressively decreases in rats rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. Insulin reverses this effect, inducing a selective decrease in amylase messenger RNA in the pancreas. Parotid amylase messenger RNA is not significantly affected by either diabetes or insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korc, M -- Owerbach, D -- Quinto, C -- Rutter, W J -- AM 21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6166044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amylases/*genetics ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*enzymology ; Insulin/pharmacology/*physiology ; Islets of Langerhans/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Pancreas/drug effects/*enzymology ; Pancreatic Elastase/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Trypsinogen/genetics
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    Dopamine receptor binding is increased in diabetic rats (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: The binding of [3H]spiperone, a dopamine receptor ligand, to striatal membranes was increased 30 to 35 percent in rats made diabetic with alloxan or streptozotocin. Binding of [3H]spiperone was normal in rats made diabetic with alloxan but treated with insulin. Thus the number of dopamine receptors and central dopaminergic transmission may be altered in diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lozovsky, D -- Saller, C F -- Kopin, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1031-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6458088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alloxan/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/*metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy/*metabolism ; Insulin/therapeutic use ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects/*metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Streptozocin/pharmacology
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    Regulation of leucine metabolism in man: a stable isotope study (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: Leucine catabolism is regulated by either of the first two degradative steps: (reversible) transamination to the keto acid or subsequent decarboxylation. A method is described to measure rates of leucine transamination, reamination, and keto acid oxidation. The method is applied directly to humans by infusing the nonradioactive tracer, L-[15N,1-13C]leucine. Leucine transamination was found to be operating several times faster than the keto acid decarboxylation and to be of equal magnitude in adult human males under two different dietary conditions, postabsorptive and fed. These results indicate that decarboxylation, not transamination, is the rate-limiting step in normal human leucine metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D E -- Bier, D M -- Rennie, M J -- Edwards, R H -- Halliday, D -- Millward, D J -- Clugston, G A -- AM-25994/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-10667/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Carbon Isotopes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/*metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction
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    Somatomedin-C mediates growth hormone negative feedback by effects on both the hypothalamus and the pituitary (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: Somatomedin-C stimulates somatostatin release to a maximum of 390 percent of basal release during short-term (20-minute) incubation of rat hypothalamus. It has no effect on basal or stimulated growth hormone release from primary cultures of rat adenohypophyseal cells during a 4-hour incubation, but inhibits stimulated release by more that 90 percent after 24 hours. These findings suggest that somatomedin-C participates in the growth hormone negative feedback loop with an immediate effect on hypothalamic somatostatin and a delayed effect on the anterior pituitary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berelowitz, M -- Szabo, M -- Frohman, L A -- Firestone, S -- Chu, L -- Hintz, R L -- AM 18722/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 24085/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6262917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Feedback ; Growth Hormone/pharmacology/*secretion ; Hypothalamus/drug effects/*physiology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Kinetics ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/drug effects/*secretion ; Rats ; Somatomedins/*pharmacology
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    Neuroleptic drug-induced dopamine receptor supersensitivity: antagonism by L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: An animal model of tardive dyskinesia was used to evaluate the potential antidyskinetic properties of the neuropeptide L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG). In rats, PLG administered concurrently with the neuroleptic drug haloperidol or chlorpromazine antagonized the enhancement of specific [3H]spiroperidol binding in the striatum that is associated with long-term neuroleptic treatment. The results are discussed in relation to a possible functional coupling of the putative PLG receptor with neuroleptic-dopamine receptor complex and clinical implications for tardive dyskinesia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chiu, S -- Paulose, C S -- Mishra, R K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1261-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6117947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Butyrophenones/*metabolism ; Chlorpromazine/*pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/*metabolism ; Haloperidol/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone/*pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects/*metabolism ; Spiperone/*metabolism
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    Long-term potentiation in the hippocampal slice: evidence for stimulated secretion of newly synthesized proteins (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Long-term potentiation of the hippocampal slice preparation results in an increase in the incorporation of labeled valine into the proteins destined for secretion into the extracellular medium. Double-labeling methods established that the increased secretion of the labeled proteins was limited to the potentiated region of a slice; incorporation of labeled valine was increased in the hippocampus if potentiation was through the Schaffer collaterals and in the dentate if potentiation was through the perforant path. Controls for nonspecific stimulation showed no changes. There appears to be a link between long-term potentiation and the metabolic processes that lead to protein synthesis in the hippocampal slice system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duffy, C -- Teyler, T J -- Shashoua, V E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1148-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233208" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbon Radioisotopes ; Electric Stimulation ; Hippocampus/*metabolism/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis/secretion ; Rats ; Tritium ; Valine
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    Dye coupling and possible electrotonic coupling in the guinea pig neocortical slice (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: Iontophoretic injection of the fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow CH into single neurons of guinea pig neocortical slices resulted in the staining of more than one cell. Dye-coupled neuronal aggregates were found only in the superficial cortical layers and were often organized in vertical columns. Antidromic stimuli evoked all-or-none, subthreshold depolarizations in some superficial cells. These potentials were not eliminated by manganese and did not collide with spikes originating in the soma, suggesting that they arose from electrotonic interaction between superficial cortical neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gutnick, M J -- Prince, D A -- NS 06477/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 12151/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):67-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cell Communication ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Guinea Pigs ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intercellular Junctions/physiology ; Kinetics ; Manganese/pharmacology
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    Inhibition of purine nucleoside phosphorylase by 8-aminoguanosine: selective toxicity for T lymphoblasts (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: The guanosine analog 8-aminoguanosine is an effective inhibitor of the purine degradative enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase, both in vitro and in intact lymphoid cells. In a human lymphoblast tissue culture system, 8-aminoguanosine, in combination with low concentrations of 2'-deoxyguanosine, causes toxicity toward T cells but not B cells. The selective T cell toxicity correlates with increased accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate in the treated T lymphoblasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kazmers, I S -- Mitchell, B S -- Dadonna, P E -- Wotring, L L -- Townsend, L B -- Kelley, W N -- AM 19045/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA 26032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 26284/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1137-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6795718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Cell Line ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Guanosine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Pentosyltransferases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*enzymology
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    Binding and mobility of the cell surface receptors for 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: A fluorescent derivative of the thyroid hormone 3,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine binds to cultured mouse fibroblasts; such binding is saturable. Video intensification fluorescence microscopy indicates that binding occurs at the plasma membrane. Diffusion coefficients, obtained by fluorescence photobleaching recovery, are consistent with binding to a protein receptor on the cell surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maxfield, F R -- Willingham, M C -- Pastan, I -- Dragsten, P -- Cheng, S Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):63-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6255563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism ; Diffusion ; Endocytosis ; Kinetics ; Membrane Fluidity ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ; Triiodothyronine/*metabolism
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    Pineal N-acetyltransferase is inactivated by disulfide-containing peptides: insulin is the most potent (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Pineal N-acetyltransferase can be inactivated in broken cell preparations by cystamine through a mechanism of thiol-disulfide exchange. Some, but not all, disulfide-containing peptides can inactivate this enzyme; the most potent inactivator is insulin. These findings suggest that a disulfide-containing peptide with high reactivity toward N-acetyltransferase may participate in the intracellular regulation of this enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Namboodiri, M A -- Favilla, J T -- Klein, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):571-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Disulfides/pharmacology ; Dithiothreitol/pharmacology ; Hormones/pharmacology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pineal Gland/*enzymology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 48
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    Corticosterone increases the amount of protein 1, a neuron-specific phosphoprotein, in rat hippocampus (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Corticosterone increased the amount of the neuron-specific phosphoprotein protein 1 in the hippocampus, a brain region rich in corticosterone receptors, but not in several brain regions that contain relatively few corticosterone receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nestler, E J -- Rainbow, T C -- McEwen, B S -- Greengard, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1162-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Corticosterone/*pharmacology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Organ Specificity ; Rats ; Receptors, Steroid/metabolism ; Synapsins
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    Quantitative autoradiography of [3H]muscimol binding in rat brain (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: A simple quantitative autoradiographic technique for the study of neurotransmitter receptors that includes the use of a tritium-sensitive film permits saturation, kinetic, and competition studies of brain samples as small as 0.01 cubic millimeter. This technique was used to study [3H]muscimol binding in rat brain. Unilateral gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor supersensitivity was observed in the substantia nigra pars reticulata after production of localized lesions of the ipsilateral corpus striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Penney, J B Jr -- Pan, H S -- Young, A B -- Frey, K A -- Dauth, G W -- NS00420-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS00464-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15140-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1036-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272394" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Muscimol/*metabolism ; Oxazoles/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Tritium
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    Vertebrate cell cycle modulates infection by protozoan parasites (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: Synchronized HeLa cell populations were exposed to Trypanosoma cruzi or Toxoplasma gondii, obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that cause Chagas' disease and toxoplasmosis, respectively, in humans. The ability of the two parasites to infect HeLa cells increased as the HeLa cells proceeded from the G1 phase to the S phase of their growth cycle and decreased as the cells entered G2-M. Characterization of the S-phase cell surface components responsible for this phenomenon could be beneficial in the development of vaccines against these parasitic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dvorak, J A -- Crane, M S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1034-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7029713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle ; HeLa Cells/physiology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Toxoplasma/pathogenicity/*physiology ; Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Metkephamid, a systemically active analog of methionine enkephalin with potent opioid alpha-receptor activity (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: Metkephamid is an analog of methionine enkephalin that retains high affinity for the delta receptor and is a systemically active analgesic. Since it is at least 100 times more potent than morphine as an analgesic when placed directly into the lateral ventricles, and is 30 to 100 times more potent on the delta receptor and yet is roughly equipotent on the mu receptor in vitro, it is concluded that it probably produces analgesia by action on delta receptors as well as, or rather than, on mu receptors. It has less tendency to produce respiratory depression, tolerance, and physical dependence than standard analgesics, and it is presently undergoing clinical trial.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederickson, R C -- Smithwick, E L -- Shuman, R -- Bemis, K G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):603-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6256856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesics ; Animals ; Brain/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; *Enkephalin, Methionine/*analogs & derivatives ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Male ; Mice ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance-Related Disorders/etiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 52
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    Optical recording of calcium action potentials from growth cones of cultured neurons with a laser microbeam (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Simultaneous recordings of calcium action potentials directly from growth cones and from somata of neuroblastoma cells indicated that they could be generated in the neurites at or near growth cones. Growth cone responses were measured with a fluorescent voltage-sensitive dye and a 5-milliwatt helium-neon laser microbeam as a monitoring light source.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grinvald, A -- Farber, I C -- NS14716/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1164-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chickens ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology
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    Two distinct central serotonin receptors with different physiological functions (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-05-15
    Description: Two distinct serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors designated serotonin 1 and serotonin 2 bind tritium-labeled serotonin and tritium-labeled spiroperidol, respectively. Drug potencies at serotonin 2 sites, but not at serotonin 1 sites, predict their effects on the "serotonin behavioral syndrome," indicating that serotonin 2 sites mediate these behaviors. The limited correlation of drug effects with regulation by guanine nucleotides suggests that serotonin 1 sites might be linked to adenylate cyclase. Drug specificities of serotonin-elicited synaptic inhibition and excitation may reflect serotonin 1 and serotonin 2 receptor interactions, respectively.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peroutka, S J -- Lebovitz, R M -- Snyder, S H -- DA-00074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):827-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Guanine Nucleotides/physiology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Serotonin/*physiology ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 54
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    Intestinal diffusion barrier: unstirred water layer or membrane surface mucous coat? (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: The dimensions of the small intestinal diffusion barrier interposed between luminal nutrients and their membrane receptors were determined from kinetic analysis of substrate hydrolysis by integral surface membrane enzymes. The calculated equivalent thickness of the unstirred water layer was too large to be compatible with the known dimensions of rat intestine. The discrepancy could be reconciled by consideration of the mucous coat overlying the intestinal surface membrane. Integral surface membrane proteins could not be labeled by an iodine-125 probe unless the surface coat was first removed. The mucoprotein surface coat appears to constitute an important diffusion barrier for nutrients seeking their digestive and transport sites on the outer intestinal membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smithson, K W -- Millar, D B -- Jacobs, L R -- Gray, G M -- AM 05418/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 11270/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 15802/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1241-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Diffusion ; Disaccharides/metabolism ; *Intestinal Absorption ; Jejunum/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Kinetics ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microvilli/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Subpicosecond spectroscopy of bacteriorhodopsin (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Subpicosecond pulses have been used to study the ultrafast dynamics of the photochemistry of bacteriorhodopsin. An optically induced absorption that appears in about 1.0 picosecond at physiological temperatures has been resolved in time. The data can be interpreted in terms of the photochemical formation of bathobacteriorhodopsin and provide support for an excitation mechanisms involving molecular rearrangement in the protein induced by electron redistribution in the chromophore.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ippen, E P -- Shank, C V -- Lewis, A -- Marcus, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Bacteriorhodopsins ; Biological Transport, Active ; *Carotenoids ; Halobacterium ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; Photochemistry ; Protons ; Spectrum Analysis ; Temperature
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  • 56
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    Tumor-promoting phorbol esters inhibit binding of epidermal growth factor to cellular receptors (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Tumor-promoting phorbol esters and related plant macrocyclic diterpenes inhibit the binding of epidermal growth factor to its receptors on HeLa cells. This effect shows marked structural specificity and correlates with other biological effects of these compounds on mouse skin and in cell culture systems. The active compounds inhibited binding of 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor with a 50 per-cent effective dose in the range of 10(-8) to 10(-9) M. Inhibition appears to be due to a decrease in the number of available epidermal growth factor receptors rather than a change in receptor affinity. These results suggest that certain biologic effects of tumor promoters may result from alterations in the function of cell surface receptors involved in growth regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, L S -- Weinstein, I B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):313-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/308698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding, Competitive ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Kinetics ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Phorbol Esters/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Phorbols/*metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/drug effects/*metabolism ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/metabolism
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    Fasting decreases triiodothyronine receptor capacity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-10
    Description: Fasting decreases the ratio of hepatic nuclear to serum triiodothyronine (T3) by diminishing the binding capacity of nuclear T3 receptors. In combination with the lower serum T3 concentration caused by fasting, the decrease in receptor content results in a marked decrease in nuclear T3-receptor complexes. The changes in T3 receptor content and circulating T3 in fasted animals appear to be independent synergistic adaptations for caloric conservation in the fasted state. Unlike changes in hormonal level, the modification of nuclear receptor content provides a mechanism that may protect cells with a low caloric reserve independently of the metabolic status of the whole animal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schussler, G C -- Orlando, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 10;199(4329):686-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204004" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; *Fasting ; Female ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Triiodothyronine/blood/*metabolism
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    The glycosylation of hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Glucose reacts nonenzymatically with the NH2-terminal amino acid of the beta chain of human hemoglobin by way of a ketoamine linkage, resulting in the formation of hemoglobin AIc. Other minor components appear to be adducts of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate. These hemoglobins are formed slowly and continuously throughout the 120-day life-span of the red cell. There is a two- to threefold increase in hemoglobin AIc in the red cells of patients with diabetes mellitus. By providing an integrated measurement of blood glucose, hemoglobin AIc is useful in assessing the degree of diabetic control. Furthermore, this hemoglobin is a useful model of nonenzymatic glycosylation of other proteins that may be involved in the long-term complications of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bunn, H F -- Gabbay, K H -- Gallop, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):21-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus/*blood/diagnosis ; Diphosphoglyceric Acids/blood ; Glycosides/blood ; Glycosuria/etiology ; Hemoglobin A/*metabolism ; Hemoglobins/*analysis/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Oxygen/blood ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Pressure-adaptive differences in lactate dehydrogenases of congeneric fishes living at different depths (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: The muscle-type (M4) lactate dehydrogenases of Sebastolobus altivelis, a deep-water scorpaenid, and S. alascanus, a shallower species, are electrophoretically indistinguishable, yet differ in pressure sensitivities. The lactate dehydrogenase of S. altivelis exhibits lower pressure sensitivities of substrate and coenzyme binding and catalytic rate. Such apparently pressure-adaptive kinetic properties may be important for establishing species depth zonation patterns in the ocean.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siebenaller, J -- Somero, G N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):255-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Fishes/*physiology ; *Hydrostatic Pressure ; Isoenzymes ; Kinetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism ; Muscles/enzymology ; NAD/metabolism ; *Pressure ; Pyruvates/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Temperature
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    Membrane enzymes: artifacts in Arrhenius plots due to temperature dependence of substrate-binding affinity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: For the membrane sodium-stimulated magnesium-adenosinetriphosphatase of Acholeplasma laidlawii B both the Vmax and Km values in the Michaelis equation very strongly with temperature. Simulations of Arrhenius plots show that an enzyme with a temperature-dependent Km can yield a variety of Arrhenius plot artifacts, most notably erroneous "breaks," if activity is assayed at a fixed substrate concentration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silvius, J R -- Read, B D -- McElhaney, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):902-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/146257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acholeplasma laidlawii/enzymology ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/*metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Magnesium/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Membranes/*enzymology ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics
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    Dopaminergic inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission as a model for studies on dopamine receptor mechanisms (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Dopamine and apomorphine produced concentration-dependent inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission in the isolated, perfused, rabbit ear artery. The inhibitory action of both dopamine and apomorphine was competitively antagonized by haloperidol and several other antipsychotic drugs. The calculated affinities of these drugs for the dopaminergic receptor correlate closely with both the pharmacological potencies of these drugs in vivo and their reported potencies as inhibitors of [3H]haloperidol binding to "dopamine receptors" in brain homogenates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinsland, O S -- Hieble, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):443-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22933" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/*pharmacology ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Dopamine/*pharmacology ; Ear/blood supply ; Haloperidol/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Dopamine/*drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects ; Vasoconstriction/drug effects
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