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  • 42.80  (69)
  • Springer  (69)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • 1980-1984  (66)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1983  (16)
  • 1982  (33)
  • 1980  (17)
  • 1976  (3)
Collection
Keywords
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  • Springer  (69)
  • American Institute of Physics
Years
  • 1980-1984  (66)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1935-1939
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel spectroscopy (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 297-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.80 ; 33 ; 82 ; 34
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697859
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of laser-output noise of cataphoretic HeSe+ lasers (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 373-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigated noise and fluctuations of the output power of cataphoretic HeSe+ lasers in positive column plasma. Direct coupling of laser output power noise and fluctuations of the local population inversion was found. An investigation of the positive column plasma showed moving striations being responsible for the gain fluctuations. Whereas the local plasma properties are dominated by high frequency striations in the 100 kHz range, integrated quantities such as laser gain per pass are most strongly influenced by low-frequency waves with a continuous noise spectrum below 200 kHz. External modulation of the discharge voltage or current at a frequency near thehf striations reduces laser noise and increases laser output power.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686369
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bragg diffraction of gaussian beams by thick gratings: Numerical evaluations by plane-wave decomposition (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 383-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The validity of 2-D coupled-wave theory is investigated for the case of Bragg diffraction of a Gaussian beam by a thick unslanted phase grating in transmission mode. Fourier plane wave decomposition theory, as presented in a companion article, is used to test 2-D coupled-wave theory under circumstances when its validity is in question, namely when the incident distribution is very narrow or fast-varying, or when the parameterv o, due to Kogelnik (1969), which is proportional to the product of coupling rate and grating thickness, is very large. Numerical evaluations of the field patterns at output from the grating, obtained using plane-wave decomposition, are used to explore the effect of the gradual violation of the conditions (from the previous article) under which 2-D coupled-wave theory is valid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686370
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal analysis of a mode-locked Nd-glass laser by four-wave mixing (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 263-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The duration, shape, and background intensity level of pulses of a passively modelocked Nd-glass laser are determined by noncollinear phase-matched four-photon frequency mixing of time-separated fundamental and second-harmonic pulses in a KI crystal. The pulse shape is found to be slightly asymmetric with slower trailing than rising parts. The background intensity level before and behind the main pulse is about 5¢10−6 the peak pulse intensity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689185
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory of synchronously pumped dye lasers (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 135-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An analysis of cw synchronously pumped dye lasers is presented. Under the assumption that the cavity (tuning element) bandwidth is much wider than the bandwidth of the transform limited pulses generated, the pulse forming dynamics is rigorously treated. It is shown that for a finite mismatch between the lengths of the dye and the pump lasers, a steady-state pulse develops in the dye laser cavity with a conserved pulseshape. The characteristics (energy, shape, peak power, duration) of these pulses of ultimate width are quantitatively determined as a function of cavity mismatch. An analytical solution for the pulse envelope is determined, which yieldsI(t)∝Sech2(t/t p ) to a good approximation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695468
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Color signal correlation detection by matched spatial filtering (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.30 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A polychromatic correlation detection technique by complex spatial filtering is presented. This technique utilizes a diffraction grating and three co-lineared (red, green, and blue) coherent sources. The technique of complex spatial filter synthesis for the polychromatic corelation detection is demonstrated. This technique offers true color correlation detection which is very suitable for color signal recognition and identification. The correlation diffraction efficiency with this technique is generally higher than that of the wavelength-multiplexed technique. Several interesting experimental demonstrations of this color signal correlation detection scheme are provided. Finally we note that this color signal detection technique is a simple and versatile processing technique which has broad range of applications of complex color signal detection, recognition and identification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688766
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Waveform of the amplitude modulated laser light by means of a mechanical chopper (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 119-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The model which reproduces accurately and conveniently the waveform of the amplitude modulated cw laser light in the TEM00 mode by a mechanical chopper is developed. It is found that its predictions are in good agreement with the strict, completely accurate but rather lengthy and inconvenient treatment and with the experiment. The criterion for the efficient amplitude modulation of the laser light by a mechanical chopper is formulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688816
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bistable operation of a dual-wavelength synchronously mode-locked cw dye laser (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 7-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Bistable operation of a dual-wavelength synchronously mode-locked cw dye laser is reported. Wavelength switching is found to depend on the pump power and the dye laser cavity lengths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688767
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential amplitude contrast imaging in the scanning optical microscope (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 187-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A split detector is used in a scanning optical microscope to produce high-quality differential amplitude contrast images. A slight lateral offset in the detector position is shown to introduce information about object height variations to the image. These results are compared with images obtained by electrical differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688286
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherence requirement for partially coherent correlation detection (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 23-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The coherence requirement for correlation detection is determined using the theory of partially coherent light. It is shown that the requirement for temporal coherence strongly dependes on the spatial frequency and the spatial extension of the target (i.e., space bandwidth product). However, the spatial coherence requirement depends only on the extension of the target. Some numerical results are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692654
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Guided waves and IR lasers (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 283-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 85.60 ; 42.80 ; 42.55 ; 33
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697857
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-polarization modifications in a multipass cavity (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 43-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 32
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper analyses the slight change undergone by the polarization of a laser beam performing a multipass between two spherical mirrors facing each other. We replace the general 16-parameter Mueller formalism by an approximate 7-parameter one, and we give a quantitative experimental criterion for the validity of this approximation. Then we apply this formalism to the analysis of our experimental data. The results evidence:i) intrinsic birefringence in the mirror coatings (typical value per reflexion ∼2 to 4×10−4 rad);ii) birefringence due to off-normal incidence (typically 3.6×10−5 rad per reflexion for an incidence of 2×10−2 rad);iii) optical rotation, of purely geometrical origin (typically 14° for a multipass with revolution symmetry and 100 forward-backward passes under constant incidencei=2°);iv) no observable circular dichroism (≲10−6). Finally these results are discussed in connection with possible associated systematics in a parity violation experiment which motivated this work.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694368
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coherent transient phenomena (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 179-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 34 ; 36 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688662
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonant upconversion of λ=1.06 μm radiation in rubidium vapors (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 157-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The experimental results on upconversion of λ=1.06 μm radiation to the near ultraviolet in rubidium vapors providing 12% photon efficiency are reported under twophoton resonance of the concerted and pump sum frequency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695472
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ambartsumian's principle of invariance and the reflection of radio waves from plane inhomogeneous slabs (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 183-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 41 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using Ambartsumian's principle of invariance we investigate for radio waves the reflection coefficient of a plane inhomogeneous slab. We find that the reflection coefficient, as a function of slab thickness, satisfies the Riccati equation. From this equation we deduce a geometric theorem on the upper and lower bounds of the reflection coefficient. We illustrate the theorem by applying it to several special cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688404
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sub-Doppler excited molecule energy transfer spectroscopy (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 153-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.80 ; 07.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A sub-Doppler spectroscopic technique involving the detection of vibrational energy transfer in excited molecules with selected velocity components at a microphone diaphragm is demonstrated. The technique is applied to the investigation of thev 3 R(16) transition in HCN and the results compared with a previously derived theoretical model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694641
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    F-center-laser. Superconductivity (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 306-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 68 ; 42.70 ; 42.60 ; 61.70 ; 61.50 ; 42.80 ; 29
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697860
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of blazed holographic gratings (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 349-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.82
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Various methods for the recording of blazed holographic diffraction gratings are presented and the regions in the wavelength-groove density plane for which they can be used are shown. The gratings are made in the positive photoresist Shipley AZ-1350. The diffraction efficiency for s and p polarization was measured as a function of wavelength and angle of incidence. An absolute efficiency of 80% was achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686365
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apparent transfer function for partially coherent optical information processing (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 359-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.30 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, the general formulations of the apparent transfer function for the partially coherent optical processor will be derived. Although these formulas show that the apparent transfer function is dependent upon the degree of spatial and temporal coherence, there is actually more variability in the spatial coherence. We note that the obtained formulas may also be used as a criterion in the selection of source size and spectral bandwidth of an incoherent light source. Thus a specific optical information processing operation can be carried out with an incoherent source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686367
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of an optical time scale (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 63-65 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A time standard based on the use of an optical oscillation period of a frequencystable He−Ne laser as a time scale is first described. We obtained highly frequency-stable oscillations in the SHF range that were locked to the oscillations of a He−Ne laser stabilized to an absorption resonance in methane at 3.39 μm. A direct comparison of frequency stabilities of a rubidium standard and He−Ne/CH4 laser has been made. The absolute measurement of the frequency of the He−Ne/CH4 laser we performed gave a new value of frequency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694370
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy transfer processes in two different bifluorophoric laser dyes (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 73-77 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 82 ; 78.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The mechanism of intramolecular energy transfer in two bifluorophoric laser dyes has been investigated by measurements of laser parameters, excited state absorption and phosphorescence spectra. The new value found for the dimethyl-POPOP triplet energy (48.0 kcal/mole) accounts for the different behaviour of the two classes of bifluorophoric dyes used in this investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692766
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel quantum-electronics phenomena and devices (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 152-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688656
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamical nonlinear optics and bistability (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688660
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
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    Ethylene monitoring by differential absorption with a CO2 waveguide laser (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 227-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 86 ; 70L ; 07.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we report on a differential absorption technique using a CO2 waveguide laser. The method is based on the measurement of the differential absorption between two different frequencies of the same selected CO2 laser line. The sensitivity of the technique depends strongly on the total pressure and has been estimated to be about a few tens of ppb or better over a 1 km path length in C2H4 diluted with air to a total pressure of a few tens of torrs. Its relative simplicity and high sensitivity at low total pressure enable this technique to be applied to gas detection either at high altitude or to local monitoring of a low pressure sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688673
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Harmonic detection with tunable diode lasers —two-tone modulation (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 279-285 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The minimum absorption detectable by a tunable diode laser spectrometer utilising harmonic techniques is often limited by interference fringes generated by scattered light. The sensitivity of the spectrometer to absorption can be increased by applying a jitter modulation. In this paper, the theory of harmonic response for single- and two-tone modulation over optical fringes and Lorentzian absorption lines is developed and compared to experimental measurements. A simple analytic expression for the two-tone harmonic line shape is derived. This expression provides a physical understanding of the effects of the second modulation, and a means to unravel the effects of the second modulation on the linewidth and line shape. For a specific choice of the jitter frequency and phase, it is possible to simultaneously minimise the fringe signal and increase the harmonic absorption signal. The results of this investigation are applicable to trace gas detection using tunable diode lasers, and to other areas of spectroscopy and magnetic resonance where harmonic techniques are used.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689188
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  • 26
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    Complete and reversible absorption of radiation (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 153-156 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 44.40 ; 05.70 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Kirchhoff's law has caused confusion in the discussion about the theoretical maximum work from radiation because it permits only infinitesimal or irreversible absorption. With the aid of an optical circulator, non-Kirchhoff behaviour is possible in principle which permits at the same time complete and reversible radiation absorption. The key to overcome Kirchhoff's law seems to be the magnetic field, a condition explicitly excluded by Kirchhoff. The work extracted in complete reversible conversion of radiation is calculated. The irreversibilities connected with the emission process are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688821
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
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    Low threshold optical bistability with optical pumping (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 79-87 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.50 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract By use of circularly polarized light we have exploited optical pumping within the Zeeman sublevels of the ground state to obtain optical bistability in sodium vapours with low threshold power (around 1 mW) and a wide tuning range (〉12 GHz). Experimental results are presented for different conditions of operation and compared to computer calculations, that include propagation effects and inhomogeneous broadening, based on a three-level atomic model that accounts for optical pumping.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692767
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  • 28
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    The analysis of excite and probe measurements of relaxation times with fluctuating pulse duration (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 135-138 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 06 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of fluctuations in the pulse duration of synchronously pumped modelocked pulse trains on excite and probe measurements is discussed. Relaxation times comparable with the pulse durations can be measured even when large pulse-to-pulse fluctuations in duration exist. The pump and probe pulse durations are assumed to be correlated. When the probe pulses are the second harmonic of the pump, or vice versa, the third harmonic must also be generated to permit deconvolution of experimental excite and probe data. When the pump and probe pulses have the same time dependence, the excite and probe curves consist of the desired response function convolved with the time-averaged second harmonic autocorrelation function which is easily measured. Deconvolution yields the relaxation time but fluctuations in pulse duration increase the root-mean-square voltage fluctuation at the output of the detector system and limit the accuracy with which the relaxation time can be calculated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692776
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  • 29
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    Surface spectroscopy (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 182-185 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 36 ; 42.80 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688663
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  • 30
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    Effective upconversion of CO2-laser radiation in sodium vapors (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 53-55 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effective upconversion of CO2-laser radiation to the uv spectral range has been obtained in sodium vapors, the photon efficiency being 65%, the corresponding power efficiency being 2640%.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692659
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  • 31
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    Diffraction efficiencies of evanescent-wave holograms (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 87-94 
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    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.40 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In contrast to previous models diffraction efficiencies of evanescent-wave holograms are calculated within the framework of a slab model that takes into account the finite thickness of the recording medium. This modification leads to characteristic diffraction efficiency oscillations with respect to reconstruction angle and medium thickness as well. One obtains higher diffraction efficiency maxima and pseudo-optical tunnelling. The analysis covers TE-polarized fields.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688482
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  • 32
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    Propagation in unstable and plane-mirror optical resonators (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 9 (1976), S. 343-345 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that propagation in an unstable resonator can be expressed in a form similar to that applicable to a plane-mirror resonator, but with the magnification appearing as a scaling parameter.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900462
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  • 33
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    Three-dimensional surface measurement using the confocal scanning microscope (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 211-213 
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    Keywords: 06 ; 42.80
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    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The use of the depth discriminination property of the confocal scanning microscope for surface profiling has been adapted to provide a method of high-resolution three-dimensional surface profilometry. Measurements on a semiconductor specimen demonstrate the technique; depth variations of the order of 0.1 μm are clearly resolved.
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    Source encoding for partially coherent optical processing (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 99-104 
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    Keywords: 42.30 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract A relation between spatial coherence function and source encoding intensity transmittance function is presented. Since the spatial coherence is depending upon the information processing operation, a strictly broad spatial coherence function may not be required for the processing. The advantage of the source encoding is to relax the constraints of strict coherence requirement, so that the processing operation can be carried out with an extended incoherent source. Emphasis of the source encodings and experimental demonstrations are given. The constraint of temperal coherence requirement is also discussed.
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    Bragg diffraction of finite beams by thick gratings: Two rival theories (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 63-72 
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    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract Two rival techniques used in the analysis of Bragg diffraction of two-dimensional light beams by thick unslanted phase gratings, namely Fourier plane wave decomposition and 2-D coupled-wave theory, are compared. The advantages and regions of applicability of each are discussed, and the conditions found under which they yield identical results. In particular, the results of plane-wave decomposition are used to provide quantitative conditions for validity of 2-D coupled-wave theory. These conditions are not easily derived using any other technique, and set quantitative limits to how narrow or fast-varying the incident distribution may be before 2-D coupled-wave theory fails. It is also shown that 2-D coupled-wave theory is inadequate when the parameterv 0, due to Kogelnik (1969), which is proportional to the product of coupling rate and grating thickness, is very large.
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    Applications of ps-pulses (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 246-254 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.65 ; 34 ; 42.55 ; 42.70 ; 78
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    Theory II (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 255-261 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 36.20 ; 36.10 ; 02 ; 36 ; 42.80
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    Coherent transient phenomena (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 274-282 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 33 ; 36 ; 36.10 ; 14 ; 32
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    Modulation of radiation in nonstationary resonant media (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 41-45 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.10 ; 42.55
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    Notes: Abstract We study the propagation of radiation in a gas, the resonant frequency of which changes with time when affected by external electric and magnetic fields. It is shown that for an harmonic change of the resonant frequency under appreciable energy exchange between electromagnetic field and medium, deep amplitude modulation of radiation may be achieved. The analytical expressions obtained for a field in a gas allow rather accurate calculation of the space-time structure of the radiation penetrated through the medium layer. The numerical calculations are compared with the known experiment [4], good agreement is obtained. The transformation of radiation between dispersive branches with adiabatic stepwise variation of the resonant frequency has been also studied. Branch-tobranch transformation is investigated and the adiabatic invariant is found to be the total number of the high and low frequency radiation quanta corresponding to two dispersive branches.
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    New lasers II (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 233-239 
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    Keywords: 42.70 ; 42.55 ; 42.80
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    Laser fusion (1982)
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    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 269-273 
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    Keywords: 52 ; 42.55 ; 42.80 ; 51
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    Generation of tunable picosecond light pulses covering the frequency range between 2700 and 32,000 cm−1 (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 113-119 
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    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract The travelling-wave parametric process allows the generation of intense picosecond pulses tunable between 2700 and 17,000 cm−1. Angle- and temperature tuning was investigated using LiNbO3 crystals of different cuts. Various factors determining the bandwidth of the new pulses are evaluated and experimental spectra are presented. Frequency doubling readily leads to light pulses up to 32,000 cm−1. The jitter of two parametric systems operating in parallel is less than 1 ps for pump pulses of 7 ps.
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    Quasi-optics of the group delay of guided magnetic waves (1980)
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    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 141-147 
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    Keywords: 42.10 ; 85.70 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract The wave-packet of a magnetic wave on reflection at an interface between a ferrimagnetic medium and free space is shown to undergo no lateral shift but only a time delay. The time delay introduced on reflection is included to obtain a quasi-optical description for the group delay of a magnetic wave guided by a planar slab of ferrimagnet in free space for the case of the magnetizations (a) normal to the surfaces of the slab, and, (b) parallel to the surfaces of the slab and to the direction of propagation. The group delay of the guided magnetic wave is caused partly by the group delay produced in the bulk of the ferrimagnet and partly by the group delay produced on reflections. The characteristics of these two contributions to the resultant group delay of the guided magnetic wave are examined.
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    New TEA-lasers based onD′→A′ transitions in halogen monofluoride compounds: ClF (284.4 nm), BrF (354.5 nm), IF (490.8 nm) (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 283-287 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80 ; 33
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    Notes: Abstract As an outcome of a systematic study of excitation kinetics and fluorescence spectra concerning theD′(3π2u )→A′(3π2g ) transitions in homonuclear diatomic halogens and corresponding transitions in interhalogen molecules [1], this paper describes, for the first time, TEA laser action in the three halogen monofluorides ClF, BrF, and IF. Output energies in the mJ range were demonstrated in a fast TEA discharge arrangement at the wavelengths of 284.4, 354.5, and 490.8 nm for ClF, BrF, and IF, respectively. The results suggest parameter scalability and wavelength tunability.
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    The influence of intrisic defects on the degradation and luminescence of GaAs and other III–V compounds (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 303-309 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 61.70 ; 61.80 ; 78.20
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A significant contribution to the degradation of GaAs-based lasers and light-emitting diodes arises from the formation of so-called dark line defects. It is shown that these defects are accumulations of non-radiative recombination centres around dislocations. The centres are identified as As vacancies, which are emitted by climbing dislocations, concomitantly with the absorption of Ga interstitials. From scanning deep-level transient spectroscopy observations it is concluded that the so-called DX centres are Ga interstitials. The driving force for dislocation climb and thus for dark-line-defect formation is a supersaturation of Ga interstitials originating from the growth of the GaAs crystals under Ga-rich conditions as a consequence of the high volatility of As. Phenomena in other III–V compound semiconductors related to the formation of dark line defects in GaAs are also discussed.
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    The dielectric constant of PbTe at 4.2 K and $$\tilde v$$ =84.15 cm-1, 96.97cm−1, 103.60cm−1 (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 229-233 
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    Keywords: 77 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract The dielectric constant of a PbTe epitaxial layer has been measured by surface wave spectroscopy using an optically pumped far-infrared laser and the technique of attenuated total reflection.
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    Beugungstheoretische Behandlung eines Differentialinterferometers für ausgedehnte Phasenobjekte (1976)
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 241-246 
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    Notes: Abstract The diffraction theory of image construction has been used, in the case of a differential interferometer employing a Wollaston prism, to derive the position of the interference fringes in dependence upon the phase object and the prism position. This procedure is not only more correct, but proves also to be simpler than the corresponding geometric-optical treatment. An example is presented in which the fringe shift resulting from a symmetrical gas flow has been used to evaluate the gradient of the optical path perpendicular to the rotational axis of symmetry.
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    Holography with guided optical waves (1980)
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    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 55-64 
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    Keywords: 42.30 ; 42.80 ; 42.82
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    Notes: Abstract Waveguide holograms are recorded in a storage material layer covering a planar dielectric waveguide with a guided mode as reference wave. They are also read-out with a guided mode. In the storage material, assumed to have a lower refractive index than the waveguiding film, the fields of the reference and of the read-out wave are evanescent waves. We describe the preparation of the epoxy resin (Araldit) waveguides on glass substrates, their coating with a dichromated gelatin (DCG) layer as storage material, the processing of the DCG, and the recording and reconstruction techniques. Waveguide holograms of good quality with a size of several square centimeters have been realized for the first time. The holograms were recorded and read-out with wavelength λ=488 nm. They have a length of about 25 mm and a width of 17 mm. To obtain holograms that wide a special prism coupler had to be used which allowed to couple in a laser beam of elliptical cross section, and thus to excite a guided reference or read-out mode with a width of 17 mm.
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    Epitaxial growth of ferroelectric PLZT thin film and their optical properties (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 339-343 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 78.20 ; 85.60
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    Notes: Abstract A series of experiments for growing epitaxial PLZT thin films has been made with rf sputtering. X-ray and electron diffraction analyses confirm that the fabricated films grow epitaxially on SrTiO3 and MgO crystals. A good transparency in the region above 0.4 μm to infrared with good ferroelectric properties is obtained. Propagation loss of He−Ne laser light is less than 6 dB/cm, and the PLZT thin film is a promising candidate for the optical modulator and other functional elements for integrated optics.
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    Signal statistics of laser light scattering (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 369-376 
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    Keywords: 05.40 ; 02.50 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract After a brief survey of number fluctuations, a topic of current interest in light scattering research, the theory is developed for a particular case of this type. A laser beam of Gaussian cross section illuminates a volume in which there is a fluctuating number of identical particles. For incoherent detection the scattered intensities are additive. The interest centers on the statistics of the total scattered intensity. Starting from the moment generating function, the distribution function of scattered intensity is computed using two different methods. In an experiment designed to test the computed distributions, agreement between theory and measurement is found if the mean particle number within the scattering volume exceeds 3. The experimental procedure is described and some difficulties are explained which so far did not permit application of the theory for particle numbers much below 3.
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    Holography with guided optical waves (1980)
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    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 161-170 
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    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with “waveguide holograms” recorded in a layer of storage material covering a planar dielectric waveguide. Reference and read-out waves are guided modes of the waveguide. Their field in the storage medium is evanescent. A theory of the diffraction efficiencies of these waveguide holograms is presented fors-polarized wavefields. To calculate the hologram structure the attenuation of the reference wave caused by absorption in the light-sensitive storage material is taken into account. Analytical expressions for the local and the overall diffraction efficiencies and for the intensity profiles of the diffracted fields are derived. The dependence of these quantities on experimental parameters (the waveguide thickness, the mode numbers of the reference and read-out waves, and the angle of incidence of the plane object wave) is presented graphically, i.e., by computer plots. Grating couplers for integrated optics can be made by waveguide holography. We consider this application to be interesting because incoupling efficiencies for Gaussian beams of up to 96% can be achieved theoretically.
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    Application of pressure-tuned diode lasers to high-resolution spectroscopy (1980)
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    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 241-243 
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    Keywords: 07.65 ; 42.55 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract The application of the high-pressure chamber with a pressure transmitting medium (liquid at room temperature) to diode-laser tuning was found to be a useful method for high-resolution spectroscopy. Ammonia absorbtion spectra in the 10 μm region were recorded with a resolution approaching the Doppler limit.
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    Time averaging by means of a computer controlled dye-laser spectrometer (1980)
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    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 361-364 
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    Notes: Abstract The noise characteristic of available laser sources limits the sensitivity of saturated absorption spectroscopy. Time averaging is one method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. A computer controlled dye-laser spectrometer is described which has the capability to scan several times any selected frequency range with an absolute accuracy of ±200 kHz. The sensitivity of this system is demonstrated by measuring the isotope shift of the low abundant38Ar and by detecting a weak83Kr-hyperfine component.
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    Transient behaviour of pulsed dye lasers (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 353-359 
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    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.60 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract Some aspects of the transient behaviour of pulsed dye lasers are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Relaxation oscillations induced in the output from a dye cell by an external reflector have been observed and explained, using a rate equation approximation to the physical situation in the dye cell. These oscillations are shown to play an important part in the generation of short laser pulses from long cavity dye lasers. Finally, it is proposed that 10 ps pulses can be obtained from conventional dye lasers pumped by 100 ps pulses from a high-pressure nitrogen laser.
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    Towards an ideal photon correlator with a SAW-device (1980)
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    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 113-114 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 85.60 ; 07
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    Notes: Abstract The advantages and disadvantages of the clipped correlator for photoelectric correlation measurements are analysed. A scheme is suggested by which the problem of inversion (an inherent disadvantage of clipping) is obviated. With the availability of surface acustic wave (SAW) delay lines, we would like to point out that one can make an almost ideal photon correlator.
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    Imaging properties and applications of scanning optical microscopes (1980)
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    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 119-128 
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    Keywords: 42.30 ; 42.80 ; 72.40
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    Notes: Abstract This review paper is concerned with the imaging properties and major uses of scanning optical microscopes. It is shown that the confocal scanning microscope exhibits a form of super-resolution and that the instrument in general has great application in nonlinear microscopy and the inspection of electronic devices.
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    Review of coherent optical processing (1976)
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    Applied physics 10 (1976), S. 203-217 
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    Notes: Abstract The use of laser light to perform linear and nonlinear computational operations is reviewed. On linear operations, we discuss schemes involving gratings, computer holograms and optical feedback for addition, subtraction, differentiation, generalized orthogonal transformations and feedback operations. The important methods for implementing the spatial filters and for real-time processing are then briefly described. On nonlinear operations, we discuss technique involving ϕ-modulation, half-tone-screen processes, and nonlinear optical elements with and without coherent feedback for logarithm and thresholding operations. The state-of-the-art of optical processing research and its application areas are then considered at the end.
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    Borrmann-like anomalous effects in volume holography (1980)
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    Applied physics 22 (1980), S. 335-353 
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    Keywords: 42.30 ; 42.10 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract In this review, a surgey of the evidence for the appearance in volume holography of certain anomalous effects (akin to the Borrmann effect in x-ray crystallography) is conducted, with reference to both experimental observations and theoretical models. The main part of the paper is devoted to the application of a recently-developed two-dimensional coupled-wave theory (an extension of Kogelnik's one-dimensional theory) to the modelling of such anomalous phenomena. Extensive calculations based upon this theory, for the case of Gaussian wave incidence on a uniform mixed grating for various boundary conditions, are presented in a unified two-dimensional description of Borrmann-like effects in volume holography. In particular, certain qualitative predictions of the dynamical theory of x-ray diffraction are expressed quantitatively in the two-dimensional theory.
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    Brewster window and windowless resonant spectrophones for intracavity operation (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 319-326 
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    Keywords: 06 ; 07.65 ; 42.80
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    Notes: Abstract We report a new design for an acoustically resonant spectrophone well suited for intracavity operation with widely tunable lasers. Operation with Brewster angle windows or in a windowless mode is possible, and high quality factors (560 and 509, respectively) are achieved. Windowless operation permits continuous monitoring of ambient air. We discuss factors limiting the sensitivity, ∼10−7 cm−1, and present a double chopping scheme capable of significantly reducing the acoustical background encountered in windowless operation. The sensitivity of the spectrophone's performance to misalignment is also examined.
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    Effects of a magnetic field on the optical properties of dielectric mirrors (1983)
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    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 63-67 
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    Keywords: 42.80 ; 78.20 ; 78.65
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    Notes: Abstract We have measured the changes in the polarization state of a monochromatic (λ=514.5 nm) light beam on reflection at normal incidence by a multilayer dielectric mirror placed in a time-modulated magnetic field. The dominant effect is a Faraday rotationΦ≃3.7×10−10 rad/G. The sensitivity (around 40Hz) obtained is $$ \simeq 6 \times 10^{ - 9} {\text{ rad/}}\sqrt {{\text{Hz}}} $$ which is dominated by the shot-noise limit (100 mW of light power).
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    Refractive index profiles of LiNbO3: Ti waveguides (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 32 (1983), S. 125-127 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 66.30 ; 85.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Eight LiNbO3: Ti waveguides have been fabricated under differing conditions. The effective refractive indices of guided modes have been measured and successfully fitted to Gaussian index profiles. The change of refractive index and titanium concentration are related by a power law, the exponents being different for the extraordinary and the ordinary beam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616607
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    Photoconducting tellurium for submillimeterwave detectors (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 35-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 72.40 ; 78.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Undoped tellurium single crystals show at low temperatures (2.2 K) strong photoeffect under submillimeter irradiation. Therefore, tellurium was used as a FIR-detector. For a comparison with other detectors signal-to-noise ratio, response time, and noise equivalent power were determined. Tests were carried out with HCN-laser radiation (λ = 337 μm,≈ν = 30 cm- t). The sensitivity of the Tc-photoconductor is comparable to that of a TGS-bolometer but lower than that of a Ge-bolometer. The Te-detector is much faster than the bolometers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01197544
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  • 63
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    Experimental method for the measurement of hyperfine transition saturation intensities in a gaseous medium (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 21 (1980), S. 135-140 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 35 ; 42.55 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A saturated absorption technique, using an actively stabilized cw dye laser has been developed to measure the saturation intensities of hyperfine transitions in a gaseous medium. Hyperfine lines belonging to theB-X system of molecular iodine have been investigated. The experimental method proposed, provides a means for measurement of the absolute value of the saturation parameter of the transition with an accuracy better than 10%. The behavior of the saturation intensity of some transitions with iodine pressure has been investigated in the range 30 m Torr→90mTorr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900675
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    Influence of the solvent matrix on the overlapping of the absorption and emission bands of solute fluorescent dyes (1980)
    Springer
    Applied physics 23 (1980), S. 369-372 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 61.40 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract It has been observed that the separation between the absorption and the emission bands of a fluorescent dye is smaller in a rigid polymer matrix than in the liquid monomer. Low temperature measurements have been carried out in order to understand this phenomena. It has been found, that the molecular mobility of the matrix, in which the dye is dissolved, plays an important role. By doping the rigid matrix with molecules of high mobility, the separation between the absorption and emission bands can be increased. A nearly complete separation can be achieved by this doping method if the difference of the dipole moments in the ground and excited states of the dye molecules is very large. This allows, for example, to increase the brightness of the fluorescence-activated liquid-crystal display (FLAD) and the efficiency of solar collectors based on fluorescent dyes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00903218
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  • 65
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    Optical properties determination at 10.6 μm of thin semiconducting layers (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 30 (1983), S. 23-26 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 07.60 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An optical characterization of thin semiconducting multilayers in the infrared range, using a combination ofm-lines and reflection spectroscopy techniques is exposed. Such a method, non-destructive, allows to determine the thickness and the refractive index of each component of a multilayer multimodal planar waveguide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617709
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  • 66
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    Measuring the Magnetooptic Kerr effect by diffraction (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.20 L ; 42.80 ; 75.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A method is presented to measure the Magnetooptic Kerr Effect (MOKE) by diffraction. This is accomplished by giving the magnetized surface a magnetization distribution which functions like a linear diffraction grating. It is shown that the first and higher orders of the light diffracted by such a grating are produced by MOKE whereas the zero order approximately represents the reflectivity of the surface (given by the Fresnel formulae assuming zero magnetization). The procedure used here to form a grating is restricted to thin soft magnetic films, and has been demonstrated on evaporated Fe-Ni films. It uses the magnetic field of a pulse-driven meandered stripe-conductor placed in close contact with the film in the presence of a homogeneous external magnetic field. Experimentally determined Kerr intensities were compared with those measured by ellipsometric methods. Good agreement was found in the case of films with uniaxial anisotropy. For films with no anisotropy, the relative dependence of Kerr intensity vs wavelength, polarisation and angle of incidence could be derived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616305
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    Optical method for measuring the coupling constant of surface acoustic waves (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 95-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 62
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The coupling constant of common or thin-layered-piezoelectric interdigital transducers for surface acoustic waves up to the highest frequencies can be determined in an optical way with reproducibility better than 3%. Being a nondestructive and noncontact method one can apply it in the technological process for fabricating uniform piezoelectric layered transducers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00615811
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    Space-time resolved reflectivity measurements of picosecond laser-pulse induced phase transitions in (111) silicon surface layers (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 27 (1982), S. 153-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.20 ; 81 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The changes in reflectivity of a silicon surface, irradiated by a green picosecond pulse, are probed during and following that pulse with a spatial resolution of 10 μm. The data indicate the development of a liquid phase, and a resolidification either into a single crystal or an amorphous phase. The latter has a characteristic ring-type pattern, and occurs only at locations where the incident picosecond laser fluence lies between 0.2 and 0.26 J/cm2. The reflectivity data appear to be in good quantitative agreement with a “simple heating” model, in which the electrons and phonons maintain a local thermodynamic equilibrium on a picosecond time scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616666
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    Radiation sensitivity of thick core all-glass fibers in reactor radiation fields (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.80 ; 78.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Radiation induced losses and the recovery behavior of several optical fibers have been determined by in situ steady state and by pulse measurements in a nuclear reactor. Agreement with the literature was found for Suprasil and Fibropsil core fibers in ionizing radiation, but our results on Suprasil-W core fibers show an appreciably higher radiation hardness of this material than reported elsewhere. Additionally, increased long term losses were observed, when the mixed radiation flux contained a noticeable content of neutrons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617781
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