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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Analysis of hybridization betweenGrindelia brachystephana andG. chiloensis (Asteraceae: Astereae) in Patagonia, Argentina (2000)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 224 (2000), S. 243-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Hybridization ; introgression ; Compositae ; Grindelia chiloensis ; Grindelia brachystephana ; HYWIN ; Patagonia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Intermediates between two South American species ofGrindelia were found in Chubut Province, Argentina. Twenty eight individual plants with phenotypes ofG. brachystephana, G. chiloensis, or intermediates were collected and studied together with three reference specimens of each of the putative parental species. Discriminant analysis procedure and the computer program HYWIN were applied and results of the two methods are compared. Results demonstrate that most of the specimens collected are of hybrid origin, and that most of the specimens suggested as hybrids are most likely introgressants. Hybridization and introgression are likely the major causes of the high variability previously attributed toG. chiloensis by taxonomists.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986346
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The position ofCastrilanthemum Vogt & Oberprieler and the phylogeny of Mediterranean Anthemideae (Compositae) as inferred from nrDNA ITS and cpDNAtrnL/trnF IGS sequence variation (2000)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 225 (2000), S. 145-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Asteraceae ; Anthemideae ; Castrilanthemum ; molecular phylogeny ; Mediterranean ; ITS ; trnL/trnF IGS
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Sequences of the nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the cpDNAtrnL/trnF intergenic spacer (IGS) region were analysed for 41 Mediterranean and Eurasian representatives of the Anthemideae (Compositae) to ascertain the systematic position of the unispecific genusCastrilanthemum Vogt & Oberprieler and to study the phylogeny of the Anthemideae in the Mediterranean region. Both markers consistently point to the close relationship ofCastrilanthemum with the W Mediterranean generaLeucanthemopsis (Giroux) Heywood andProlongoa Boiss., forming a strongly supported monophyletic group (theLeucanthemopsis-group which also comprises the unispecific genusHymenostemma (Kunze) Willk.). Results also demonstrate that subtribes Achilleinae, Leucantheminae, and Matricariinae sensu Bremer & Humphries are non-monophyletic. Besides results from sequence variation, a marked 5bp-deletion intrnL/trnF IGS divides all these subtribes into more basal subgroups which are related to each other and to the large Eurasian generaTanacetum L. andAnthemis L., and a monophyletic group of closely related and more advanced subgroups which also contain the monophyletic Chrysantheminae sensu Bremer & Humphries. For this second group a W Mediterranean centre of diversification is suggested, however, its sister-group relationships within the basal grade of generic groups remain unclear.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985465
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    In vitro shoot regeneration from leaf explants of Roman Chamomile (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 60 (2000), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Schlagwort(e): Anthemis nobilis ; Compositae ; medicinal plant ; organogenesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 1.0 to 4.5 μM of BA and 1.0 μM of NAA induced adventitious bud formation and shoot development in leaf explants of Roman Chamomile. A higher number of adventitious buds was observed at the proximal end of the explants. Plantlets were replicated and multiplied on MS medium supplemented with 2.25 μM of BA and 0.6 μM of IAA. Plantlets were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 μM of IBA and successfully weaned in vivo. The plants grew to maturity with high uniformity and no morphological signs of somaclonal variation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006368210670
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Micropropagation of Eclipta alba and Eupatorium adenophorum using a single-step nodal cutting technique (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 62 (2000), S. 239-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; in vitro propagation ; medicinal plants species ; micropropagation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Protocols for the micropropagation of two traditional medicinal plants Eclipta alba (L.) and Eupatorium adenophorum (L.) from nodal segments were developed. Proliferated microshoots of Eclipta alba and Eupatorium adenophorum were obtained through axillary branching by culturing nodal segments in modified MS medium and half strength of MS, respectively, with minimal strength of nutritional support. Simultaneous rooting could also be induced in the same medium. Regenerated rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized in soil where they grew normally without showing any morphological variation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006465517666
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chloroplast DNA variation inCoreopsis nuecensoides andC. nuecensis (Asteraceae), a presumed progenitor-derivative species pair (1999)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 218 (1999), S. 5-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Asteraceae ; Coreopsis ; Speciation ; chloroplast DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Coreopsis nuecensoides andC. nuecensis are narrowly distributed endemics of southeastern Texas. While they overlap in range, they differ in chromosome number, and F1 hybrids exhibit strong sterility barriers. Previous morphological, cytogenetic, and allozyme studies suggested thatC. nuecensoides andC. nuecensis are very closely related members of a progenitor-derivative species pair. The two species differ substantially in terms of their leaf flavonoid chemistry, but the flavonoid data do not address the exact nature of the relationship between them. We have further examined the relationship between the species by analyzing genetic diversity within both species using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) restriction site data. Sixteen restriction site changes were used to define thirteen distinct cpDNA haplotypes. The pattern of relationships among haplotypes provides some support for the presumed ancestor-descendent relationship, but other interpretations are possible. Only one cpDNA haplotype was shared by the two species; of the remaining twelve, seven were unique to one species and five to the other. This result is consistent with results of flavonoid studies, in which each species exhibited flavonoid compounds not seen in the other, but differs from the allozyme results, in which the vast majority of alleles were shared by both species and only the presumed progenitor exhibited unique alleles. Taken together, the data support a very close relationship between the species, but are equivocal with regard to a progenitor-derivative relationship.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01087029
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning and expression of the Apa LI, Nsp I, Nsp HI, Sac I, Sca I, and Sap I restriction-modification systems in Escherichia coli (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 260 (1998), S. 226-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Restriction endonuclease ; Methylase selection ; Gene expression ; DNA methylation ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The genes encoding the ApaLI (5′-G^TGCAC-3′), NspI (5′-RCATG^Y-3′), NspHI (5′-RCATG^Y-3′), SacI (5′-GAGCT^C-3′), SapI (5′-GCTCTTCN1^-3′, 5′-^N4GAAGAGC-3′) and ScaI (5′-AGT^ACT-3′) restriction-modification systems have been cloned in E.␣coli. Amino acid sequence comparison of M.ApaLI, M.NspI, M.NspHI, and M.SacI with known methylases indicated that they contain the ten conserved motifs characteristic of C5 cytosine methylases. NspI and NspHI restriction-modification systems are highly homologous in amino acid sequence. The C-termini of the NspI and NlaIII (5′-CATG-3′) restriction endonucleases share significant similarity. 5mC modification of the internal C in a SacI site renders it resistant to SacI digestion. External 5mC modification of a SacI site has no effect on SacI digestion. N4mC modification of the second base in the sequence 5′-GCTCTTC-3′ blocks SapI digestion. N4mC modification of the other cytosines in the SapI site does not affect SapI digestion. N4mC modification of ScaI site blocks ScaI digetion. A DNA invertase homolog was found adjacent to the ApaLI restriction-modification system. A DNA transposase subunit homolog was found upstream of the SapI restriction endonuclease gene.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050890
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Generic interrelationships of theCardueae (Compositae): A cladistic analysis of morphological data (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 207 (1997), S. 173-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Asteraceae ; Cardueae ; Carlininae ; Echinopeae ; Cladistics ; phylogeny
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A cladistic analysis of 45 genera ofCardueae for 75 characters is presented, taking into account characters of bracts, corolla, stamens, styles and cypselas. Forty-six binary characters completeBremer's (1994) work. Some of the characters considered byBremer are criticised. The traditionalCarlininae is a paraphyletic group, the ten genera studied sharing no common derived character. A new classification of theCardueae is proposed and the distribution of the tribe is presented. Several new combinations are proposed. The nomenclature ofCentaurea is discussed and the status of the genusSerratula is analysed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984388
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Revision ofDoniophyton (Compositae, Barnadesioideae) (1997)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 206 (1997), S. 33-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Barnadesioideae ; Doniophyton ; Chuquiraga ; Argentina ; Chile ; evolution ; systematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract This revision describes, illustrates and documents morphological variation inDoniophyton (Compositae, Barnadesioideae), restricted to Argentina and Chile. Two species are recognized,D. anomalum andD. weddellii (sp. nova), possessing distinct morphological and chromosomal features, elevational tolerances, and nearly allopatric distributions.Doniophyton weddellii occurs primarily in central to northern Andean Chile and Argentina from 1900–4000 m a. s. l.;D. anomalum is found principally in centralwestern Argentina and south into Patagonia at 0–1800 m a. s. l. Close relationship exists withChuquiraga of subfam.Barnadesioideae. It is hypothesized thatDoniophyton evolved out ofChuquiraga in the high central Andes between Chile and Argentina. It is suggested thatD. weddellii differentiated first, correlating with an aneuploid chromosomal decrease from n = 27 (inChuquiraga) to n = 25. Further evolution and chromosomal decrease to n = 24 resulted inD. anomalum, with accompanying migration into southern Andes and Patagonia. Nomenclatural changes result from examination of protologues and type specimens:Doniophyton anomalum replaces the commonly used nameD. patagonicum, and a new species,D. weddellii, is described for the taxon masquerading under the routinely used superfluous nameD. andicola.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987939
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of B chromosomes and T-DNA on chromosomal variation in callus cells and regenerated roots of Crepis capillaris (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 50 (1997), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Schlagwort(e): accessory chromosomes ; Compositae ; cytogenetics ; hairy roots ; polyploidy ; supernumerary chromosomes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The chromosome behaviour has been compared in three Crepis capillaris callus culture lines and the roots regenerated from these calli. The calli were obtained from explants derived from plants without and with two B chromosomes and the hairy roots were obtained from plants transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Cytological studies demonstrated that the presence of additional DNA as B chromosomes or as T-DNA had an influence on the numerical and structural variability of the standard chromosome in long-term callus cultures and in regenerated organs. The callus with two B chromosomes displayed higher levels of polyploidyzation than callus without B chromosomes. The roots regenerated from both these calli were only diploid, while roots regenerated from transformed callus were also polyploid.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005727529303
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cyclohexadienones-insect growth inhibitors from the foliar surface and tissue extracts ofSenecio cannabifolius (1996)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 52 (1996), S. 259-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Schlagwort(e): Senecio cannabifolius ; Compositae ; foliar surface chemistry ; tobacco cutworm ; Spodoptera litura ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae growth inhibition ; ethyl (1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl) acetate ; methyl (1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl) acetate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Dewaxed leaf surface extracts of 12 plants from Hokkaido, prepared by dipping fresh leaves in chloroform for 3 min, were used in a choice leaf-disk bioassay against larvae of the tobacco cutwormSpodoptera litura. Activity was found only in the extract ofSenecio cannabifolius, a very successful weed in Hokkaido. Individual fractions of the extract, however, were not active. Incorporation of the individual fractions of the surface extracts as well as fractions of the methanolic extracts of the leaf residue into an artificial diet fed to neonateS. litura led to the isolation of ethyl (1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl) acetate, the major surface compound, as the active principle. This compound was also present in the methanolic extract of the leaf residue together with methyl (1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl) acetate, which had the same growth inhibitory effect on the larvae. The presence of these compounds in the foliar surface and tissue suggests a defensive role against herbivores.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01920719
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reproductive success and clonal genetic structure of the rareArnica montana (Compositae) in The Netherlands (1996)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 201 (1996), S. 15-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Arnica montana ; Allozymes ; breeding system ; clonal structure ; conservation biology ; fitness ; genetic variation ; pollination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In a medium-sized population ofArnica montana, a threatened species in The Netherlands, the breeding system, reproductive success and genetic clonal structure were studied. Pollination experiments suggested thatA. montana is largely self-incompatible. Inbreeding depression was observed for seedling weight but not for fruit weight and germination rate. Although genetic variation is rather low in this population, the data suggest an outcrossing mating system. Analysis of the genotype of all mapped rosettes in a plot of 100 m2 indicated that dense clusters often consist of identical genotypes, suggesting a clonal structure. Open clusters frequently contained several different genotypes. This may be caused by limited fruit dispersal, since seedlings were found mainly within or in the near surroundings of the clusters.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989049
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Acmella oppositifolia micropropagation by single-node culture (1996)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 45 (1996), S. 281-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Schlagwort(e): Acmella oppositifolia ; Compositae ; medicinal plant ; micropropagation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Acmella oppositifolia plantlet formation was achieved by subculturing single-node explants on Murashige and Skoog medium without growth regulators. The explants from 1-month-old in vitro plantlets produced shoots over a 7-day culture period. From these in vitro cultured nodes readily rooted shoots elongated on auxin-free MS medium. Plants produced were easily acclimatized and subsequently flowered in a greenhouse. This species is of medicinal value in tropical America from Mexico to Colombia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00043644
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A novel strategy for the isolation of defined pyrG mutants and the development of a site-specific integration system for Aspergillus awamori (1995)
    Springer
    Current genetics 27 (1995), S. 536-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Filamentous fungi ; 5-fluoro-orotic acid ; Homologous transformation system
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A homologous gene transfer system for Aspergillus awamori for site-specific integration is described, based on two components. First, a defined A. awamori pyrG mutant strain constructed by a selection strategy for gene-replacement in fungi. Second, a vector with a homologous pyrG selection marker containing a defined mutation at a site different from that of the mutations in the pyrG gene of the defined mutant strain. Defined mutation in the A. awamori pyrG gene, isolated from a genomic library by heterologous hybridisation with the A. niger pyrG gene as a probe, were introduced by specifically altering sequences at restriction sites in the coding region of the gene. After transformation of the A. awamori wild-type strain with vectors containing these mutated pyrG genes, and selection for 5-fluoro-orotic acid resistance (5-FOAR), on the average 60% of the 5-FOAR colonies originated from replacement of the wild-type pyrG gene by the mutated pyrG allele. After transformation of a mutant strain, carrying a mutation near the 5′ end of the pyrG gene with vectors containing a mutation near the 3′ end of the pyrG gene, 35% of the resulting transformants contained one copy of the vector at the pyrG locus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314444
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gerbera hybrida (Asteraceae) imposes regulation at several anatomical levels during inflorescence development on the gene for dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (1995)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 28 (1995), S. 935-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): anthocyanin ; Compositae ; corolla ; dfr ; flower development ; gene expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In the ornamental cut flower plant Gerbera hybrida the spatial distribution of regulatory molecules characteristic of differentiation of the composite inflorescence is visualized as the various patterns of anthocyanin pigmentation of different varieties. In order to identify genes that the plant can regulate according to these anatomical patterns, we have analysed gene expression affecting two enzymatic steps, chalcone synthase (CHS) and dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), in five gerbera varieties with spatially restricted anthocyanin pigmentation patterns. The dfr expression profiles vary at the levels of floral organ, flower type and region within corolla during inflorescence development according to the anthocyanin pigmentation of the cultivars. In contrast, chs expression, although regulated in a tissue-specific manner during inflorescence development, varies only occasionally. The variation in the dfr expression profiles between the varieties reveals spatially specific gene regulation that senses the differentiation events characteristic of the composite inflorescence.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042077
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Karyotypes, C-banding and nucleolar numbers inGuizotia (Compositae) (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 195 (1995), S. 121-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Guizotia arborescens ; G. scabra subsp.scabra ; G. scabra subsp.schimperi ; G. villosa ; G. zavattarii ; Karyotype ; satellite chromosomes ; nucleolar number ; C-banding ; silver nitrate staining ; phylogenetic relationships
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Karyotypes, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar numbers of five recognized taxa and two systematically new populations ofGuizotia have been studied using Giemsa or aceto-orcein staining, C-banding and silver nitrate staining. All accessions have 2n = 30 chromosomes, but satellite chromosome number and nucleolar number varied from four to eight. Centromere positions varied from predominantly median to submedian and subterminal in different materials. The satellites and an interstitial region in the short arm of one chromosome pair were C-banded in all materials. Telomeric and centromeric C-bands were also observed. The material could be classified into three groups, indicating possible phylogenetic relationships.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982319
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    11 S seed storage proteins fromHelianthus species (Compositae): Biochemical, size and charge heterogeneity (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 198 (1995), S. 195-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Helianthus annuus ; Sunflower ; storage protein ; 11S globulin ; Mr polymorphism ; charge polymorphism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The seeds of 19 sunflower species were compared on the basis of their protein contents and the relative proportions of their protein fractions. The globulin content varied from 50% to about 70% and the albumin content from 18% to 35% according to the species. The level of intermediateMr polypeptides showed a great variability (9.6 to 24.3%). Comparative studies onMr polymorphism were carried out by means of sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of non reduced and/or reduced samples using both mono- and bidimensional procedures. Polypeptide constituents of helianthinin were compared including both number and molecular size (cultivatedH. annuus was used as a standard). Studies focused on differences observed between the major two α (Mr 38 000), α′ (Mr 32 000) and β (Mr 25 500), β′ (21 000) polypeptides families constituting the main A, B, and C subunits.α and α′ polypeptides analyses permit to discriminate easilyH. petiolaris from the other species. Charge polymorphism was studied using isoelectric focusing (IEF) and IEF-PAGE in mono and bidimensional procedures in the presence or absence of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME). Only a specific α4 polypeptide enables an easy discrimination betweenH. petiolaris and all the other species. Detailed nomenclature of the α, α′ and β, β′ polypeptides constituting the different helianthinin globulin subunits is given via the results of pI andMr analyses. Monodimensional IEF patterns of the more basic albumins (pI 〉 8.0) appear to provide a more valuable approach to identifying specific protein markers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984737
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dioecy in the endemic genusDendrocacalia (Compositae) on the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of plant research 108 (1995), S. 443-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-0860
    Schlagwort(e): Bonin Islands ; Compositae ; Dendrocacalia ; Dioecy ; Feral honeybee
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Dendrocacalia crepidifolia Nakai (Compositae, Senecioneae), the only species of this arboreal genus endemic to Haha Island in the Bonin Islands, was found to be dioecious. Male flowers differ from female ones in having a stunted style (style in female exserted from corolla and deeply bifurcating) and anthers filled with fertile pollen (anthers in the female lacking pollen). The size of the corolla and number of florets per head were similar between male and female flowers. The crown area of this arboreal species was also similar in male and female plants. The sex ratio was 0.55 male, not significantly different from 0.5. Both sexes produced nectar of similar sugar concentration (ca. 50%). The flowers are pollinated by feral honeybees (Apis mellifera), but they are thought to have been pollinated by small, lesshairy, endemic solitary bees before honeybees were introduced and subsequently became the dominant bee species on the island. The evolution of dioecy ofDendrocacalia on the island is thought to stem from the deleterious effects of inbreeding that are inherent in plants with geitonogamy. The increased geitonogamy on the island has resulted from increased woodiness (i.e., increased number of flowers per plant) and the original dependence on endemic bee pollinators, which are now endangered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344232
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation and characterization of a mouse amelogenin expressed in Escherichia coli (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 54 (1994), S. 312-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Amelogenin ; Expression ; Enamel ; Recombinant DNA ; Tooth
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract A mouse cDNA encoding a 180 amino acid amelogenin was subcloned into the pET expression plasmid (Novagen, Madison, WI) for production in Escherichia coli. A simple growth and purification protocol yields 20–50 mg of 95–99% pure recombinant amelogenin from a 4.5-liter culture. This is the first heterologous expression of an enamel protein. The expressed protein was characterized by partial Edman sequencing, amino acid composition analysis, SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, laser desorption mass spectrometry, and hydroxyapatite binding. The recombinant amelogenin is 179 amino acids in length, has a molecular weight of 20,162 daltons, and hydroxyapatite binding properties similar to the porcine 173 residue amelogenin. Solubility analyses showed that the bacterially expressed protein is only sparingly soluble in the pH range of 6.4–8.0 or in solutions 20% saturated with ammonium sulfate. The purified protein was used to generate rabbit polyclonal anti-amelogenin antibodies which show specific reaction to amelogenins in both Western blot analyses of enamel extracts and in immunostaining of developing mouse molars.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295956
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A corolla-and carpel-abundant, non-specific lipid transfer protein gene is expressed in the epidermis and parenchyma of Gerbera hybrida var. Regina (Compositae) (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 26 (1994), S. 971-978 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; corolla ; flower development ; LTP
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We are examining the floral organ differentiation in Compositae by isolating and characterizing corolla abundant genes. Differential screening of a cDNa library made from the ray floret corolla of Gerbera hybrida var. Regina revealed an abundant cDNA clone which is expressed in the corolla but not in leaves. This cDNA (gltp1) codes for a polypeptide similar to non-specific lipid transfer proteins of the plants. The gltp1 gene is expressed only in the corolla and carpels and is developmentally regulated during corolla development. The gltp1 mRNA accumulates both in epidermal cell layers and in the mesophyll of the corolla. In the stylar part of the carpel, the gltp1 mRNA can be detected in the epidermal and in parenchymal cells but not in the transmitting tissue. Analogous patterns of gltp1 expression in the corolla and carpel may indicate that similar genetic programmes operate during the development of these two tissues.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028863
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A stable reddish purple anthocyanin in the leaf ofGynura aurantiaca cv. ‘Purple Passion’ (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of plant research 107 (1994), S. 209-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-0860
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Epidermal vacuolar pH ; Gynura aurantiaca ; Gynura bicolor ; Polyacylated anthocyanins ; Rubrocinerarin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The anthocyanin (GAA) in the epidermis and hair of the leaf ofGynura aurantiaca cv. ‘Purple Passion’ was isolated and identified as cyanidin tetra-glucoside acylated by three molecules of caffeic acid and one molecule of malonic acid. GAA was also isolated from the lower epidermis of the leaf ofG. bicolor DC. GAA showed a very stable reddish purple color from weakly acid to neutral pH region, but the color of the deacylated compound disappeared rapidly in the same region. This indicated that the attached organic acids must play an essential role in the stabilization of the color. Comparison of the profiles of the visible absorption spectra of the intact epidermal peels and cells ofG. aurantiaca andG. bicolor with those of GAA dissolved in various pH solutions suggested that the pH of the epidermal vacuole containing GAA was nearly 4.3. GAA was indistinguishable from the anthocyanin (rubrocinerarin) which we had previously isolated from the purplish red flowers ofSenecio cruentus DC. by means of UV-Vis, NMR and Mass spectra.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344246
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A novel method for efficient expression cloning of fungal enzyme genes (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 243 (1994), S. 253-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Endo-β-glucanase ; Endo-xylanase ; Heterologous expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We have developed a method for fast and efficient isolation of enzyme genes from filamentous fungi by combining the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to express heterologous genes with the utilisation of sensitive and reliable enzyme assays. A cDNA library from the fungus Humicola insolens was constructed in a S. cerevisiae/Escherichia coli shuttle vector in E. coli. Sub-pools of the library were subsequently screened for enzyme activity in S. cerevisiae. More than 130 clones were identified as positive in either an endo-β-glucanase or an endo-xylanase assay. Based on a partial characterization of the DNA sequence of the individual clones, they could be grouped into five distinct types of endo-β-glucanases and three types of endo-xylanases. A representative cDNA from each type was sub-cloned in an Aspergillus vector and expressed in A. oryzae. The new cloning method may be an important alternative to traditional cloning methods based on amino acid sequence information.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301060
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Secondary metabolites in hairy root cultures of Leontopodium alpinum Cass. (Edelweiss) (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 38 (1994), S. 321-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Schlagwort(e): Anthocyanins ; chlorogenic acid ; Compositae ; Edelweiss ; essential oil ; hairy roots
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The formation of 5 hairy root lines of Leontopodium alpinum was induced by infection of sterile plants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The transformed roots were grown as batch cultures in a phytohormone-free modified Murashige & Skoog medium. A time-course experiment with the most productive line showed that a culture period of 6 weeks was optimum for biomass production yielding a 70-fold increase in fresh weight. A 70% enhancement of anthocyanin formation could be induced by addition of benzyladenine (to a final concentration of 0.5 mg l-1) to the culture medium 14 days before harvest. The presence in the cultures of chlorogenic acid as well as other hydroxycinnamic acid esters was confirmed by TLC. An essential oil (ca. 0.6%) was separated from the hairy roots by steam distillation, a high variability in oil yield being observed between the different lines. GC analyses showed the oils to be complex mixtures of 〉 30 compounds, with 2 of these consistently representing ca. 60% of the oils. The essential oils isolated from hairy roots were found to be qualitatively similar to the natural root oil, although quantitative differences in oil components were apparent. Oil yields could be increased by growing roots in the absence of light.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033892
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    IV. Yeast sequencing reports. A Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding a potential adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 659-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; purine salvage enzymes ; conserved sequences ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The nucleotide sequence of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding a potential adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) has been determined. The protein encoded by this gene shows a high degree of similarity with APRTs from a variety of other species. The S. cerevisiae gene, named APT2, has been mapped to chromosome IV. The sequence has been deposited in the GenBank data library under Accession Number L14434.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320100510
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Two new multi-purpose multicopy Schizosaccharomyces pombe shuttle vectors, pSP1 and pSP2 (1993)
    Springer
    Current genetics 23 (1993), S. 547-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Autonomously replicating sequence ; Recombinant DNA ; Nested deletions ; Mutagenesis ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Plasmids pSP1 and pSP2 are two new Schizosaccharomyces pombe ars1 multicopy vectors with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae LEU2 and URA3 genes as selectable markers. They are derivatives of S. cerevisiae integrative plasmids. These plasmids allow classical molecular genetic techniques, such as mutagenesis, nested deletions and sequencing, to be performed directly.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312650
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation and sequence of HSP30, a yeast heat-shock gene coding for a hydrophobic membrane protein (1993)
    Springer
    Current genetics 23 (1993), S. 435-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Heat shock ; Recombinant DNA ; Membrane protein ; Nutritional limitation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Using differential hybridization, a gene preferentially expressed during entry into stationary phase has been isolated. Subsequent analysis indicated that this gene corresponds to a heat-shock gene. The nucleotide sequence has been determined. It revealed a 332 aminoacid protein. No similarities to any previously known protein have been noted. The protein is very hydrophobic and is predicted to have a membraneous localisation. In agreement with this hypothesis, the analysis of membrane proteins from stationary-phase cells showed that a strain carrying this gene on a multicopy vector overproduces a protein of 30 kDa. This protein was recognized by antibodies directed against the N-terminal portion of the gene product. Considering its induction in response to heat shock and the apparent molecular weight of its product, this gene was designated HSP30.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312631
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning of cDNA coding for dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR) and characterization of dfr expression in the corollas of Gerbera hybrida var. Regina (Compositae) (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 22 (1993), S. 183-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; dfr ; flavonoid genes ; flower development
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract We are approaching corolla differentiation in Compositae by studying the regulation of flavonoid pathway genes during inflorescence development in gerbera. We have cloned a dfr cDNA from a ray floret corolla cDNA library of Gerbera hybrida var. Regina by a PCR technique based on homologies found in genes isolated from other plant species. The functionality of the clone was tested in vivo by complementing the dihydrokaempferol accumulating petunia mutant line RL01. By Southern blot analysis, G. hybrida var. Regina was shown to harbour a small family of dfr genes, one member of which was deduced to be mainly responsible for the DFR activity in corolla. Dfr expression in corolla correlates with the anthocyanin accumulation pattern: it is basipetally induced, epidermally specific and restricted to the ligular part of corolla. By comparing the dfr expression in different floret types during inflorescence development, we could see that dfr expression reflects developmental schemes of the outermost ray and trans florets, contrasted with that of the disc florets.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00014927
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chromosome banding patterns in Lettuce species (Lactuca sect.Lactuca, Compositae) (1993)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 185 (1993), S. 249-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Lactuca sect.Lactuca ; Lactuca sativa ; L. serriola ; L. saligna ; L. virosa ; Chromosome banding ; karyotype evolution ; C-banding ; N-banding ; Ag-NOR staining
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Chromosome banding patterns obtained with C- and N- banding, and AgNO3 staining were studied in somatic metaphase complements of fourLactuca species.L. sativa andL. serriola have almost identical chromosome morphology, andL. saligna differs only slightly from them, butL. virosa is quite distinct from the other species. A gross comparison of the banded karyotypes suggests a closer relationship ofL. saligna toL. sativa/serriola than toL. virosa. Our data agree with the results of previous crossing experiments in these species but conflict partly with recent RFLP data which indicate a closer phenetic relationship ofL. saligna toL. virosa than toL. sativa/serriola. Such a discrepancy may be explained assuming that domestication ofL. sativa/serriola resulted in an increased selection pressure on unique DNA sequences as demonstrated by the RFLP data. Differential evolution of specific heterochromatin classes (and presumably of highly repetitive DNA classes), as revealed by chromosome banding techniques was not linked to domestication. Thus the disparity in conclusions about relationship (in terms of genetic similarity) as based on the different experimental approaches reflects a non-parallel evolution of highly repetitive vs. unique DNA classes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937661
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Plant regeneration and thiophene formation in tissue cultures of Tagetes mendocina (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 35 (1993), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; biocides ; organogenesis ; secondary metabolites
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Plants of the wild species Tagetes mendocina were regenerated, via organogenesis, from explants and callus cultures, and the occurrence of biocidal metabolites, thiophenes, by such undifferentiated tissues and regenerated plants was investigated. Differences between explant sources were apparent in terms of their competence for dedifferentiation and subsequent organogenesis. Leaf-derived cultures were more responsive than the root-derived ones. Biochemical studies revealed that the plants produced were capable of synthezising thiophene like-compounds following in vitro regeneration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037272
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isozyme evidence and the origin ofSenecio vulgaris (Compositae) (1992)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 179 (1992), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Senecio vulgaris ; S. vernalis ; S. squalidus ; Ancestry ; autopolyploidy ; allopolyploidy ; isozyme variation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract An electrophoretic survey of isozyme variation was conducted to test the hypothesis thatSenecio vulgaris L. (2n = 40) is of autotetraploid origin fromS. vernalis Waldst. & Kit. (2n = 20). It was established thatS. vulgaris exhibited fixed heterozygosity at three loci examined, showed disomic inheritance at all polymorphic loci, and contained a gene (αEst-1) and an allele (Aat-3b) which were not present in the single population ofS. vernalis surveyed. From this it is concluded thatS. vulgaris is not of autotetraploid origin. Instead, the genetic evidence is in keeping with an allopolyploid origin ofS. vulgaris with the possibility thatS. vernalis acted as one of its two parents.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937594
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of a transformation system for the thermophilic fungus Talaromyces sp. CL240 based on the use of phleomycin resistance as a dominant selectable marker (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 234 (1992), S. 489-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Shotgun cloning ; Filamentous fungi ; Promoter sequence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A transformation system for the thermophilic cellulolytic fungus Talaromyces sp. CL240 has been developed, using the phleomycin resistance gene from Streptoalloteichus hindustanus (Sh ble) as a dominant selectable marker. The plasmids (pAN8-1 and pUT720) carrying the Sh ble gene under the control of the Aspergillus nidulans glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd) promoter, allowed selection of phleomycin-resistant transformants. A new promoter sequence cloned from chromosomal DNA of Trichoderma reesei (pUT737) was also able to drive efficient expression of the Sh ble gene in Talaromyces sp. CL240, resulting in the selection of transformants that were highly resistant to phleomycin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00538710
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expression of luciferase genes from different origins in Bacillus subtilis (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 232 (1992), S. 498-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): luminescence ; Recombinant DNA ; Grampositive organisms ; Shuttle vectors ; luc and lux genes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A group of vectors for luciferase expression in Bacillus subtilis was constructed. So far, only bacterial luciferases have been expressed in Bacillus, but in this study we wanted also to express genes encoding eukaryotic luciferases to perform direct comparisons of the light levels produced by the two different systems in B. subtilis. The vectors constructed can replicate both in Escherichia coli and B. subtilis, and the luciferase expression is strictly regulated due to the dual plasmid system used. Nearly a 100-fold increase in light production compared to previous results was achieved when genes encoding bacterial luciferase were inserted into the constructs and transformed into B. subtilis. An additional tenfold increase in light production was obtained when luciferase genes from the North American firefly (Photinus pyralis) or a click beetle (Pyrophorus plagiophtalamus) were introduced in a similar fashion into B. subtilis. Measurement of the light emission was performed without disruption of bacterial cells in a real-time manner, which is a common feature when working with all of these constructions. Structures of the shuttle vector constructs and results from light emission measurements are presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266255
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Processing by OmpT of fusion proteins carrying the HlyA transport signal during secretion by theEscherichia coli hemolysin transport system (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 233 (1992), S. 42-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Secretion ; Recombinant DNA ; Hemolysin ; HlyB/H1yD complementation ; OmpT protease
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A fusion gene (ces-hlyA s) was constructed by ligating the genetic information for the C-terminal 60 amino acids (hlyA s) ofEscherichia coli hemolysin (H1yA) to the ces gene for a cholesterol esterase/lipase (CE) from aPseudomonas species. Part (about 30 %) of the expressed fusion protein CE-H1yAs was secreted inE. coli carryinghlyB andhlyD genes. Following the insertion between the reporter gene andhlyA s of a linker sequence that contains the information for potential cleavage sites for the outer membrane protease OmpT, two different fusion proteins (PhoA-H1yAs and CE-HlyAs) were shown to be cleaved by OmpT between the two parts during H1yB/H1yD-mediated secretion. Processed PhoA and CE accumulated in the supernatant. The efficiency of cleavage by OmpT was considerably improved by increasedompT gene dose. It was further shown that OmpT preferentially recognizes potential cleavage sites within the linker sequence.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587559
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quantitative nuclear DNA differences associated with genome evolution in Guizotia (Compositae) (1992)
    Springer
    Genetica 85 (1992), S. 241-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; DNA amount ; evolution ; Guizotia ; karyotype
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The present communication deals with 2C nuclear genome size variation in a fairly small genus Guizotia. Twenty-four accessions belonging to six species, out of seven known, were analysed in order to elucidate the extent of DNA variation both at an intra—as well as interspecific level. At the intraspecific level none of the species exhibited significant differences in their genome size. Between the species, the 2C DNA amounts ranged from 3.61 pg in G. reptans to 11.37 pg in G. zavattarii; over three-fold DNA variation is evident. Apparently these interspecific DNA differences have been achieved independent of the numerical chromosomal change(s), as all the Guizotias share a common chromosome number 2n=2x=30. The cultivated oilseed crop, G. abyssinica (7.57 pg), has accommodated nearly 78% extra DNA in its chromosome complement during the evolutionary time scale of its origin and domestication from the wild progenitor G. schimperi (4.25 pg). The extent of genomic DNA difference(s) between the species has been discussed in the light of their interrelationships and diversity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00132276
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Properties of theβ-glucosidase fromCellulomonas flavigena and fromEscherichia coli harboring the recombinant plasmid pJS3 (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1992), S. 185-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): β-Glucosidase ; C. flavigena ; Cellobiase ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Plasmid-coded β-glucosidase produced byEscherichia coli was characterized and compared to the enzyme produced byCellulomonas flavigena. Cell-free extracts, non-denaturing PAGE and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (X-glu) as substrate were used to compare both enzymes. The β-glucosidase was assayed for cellobiose andp-nitrophenyl-glucopyranoside (PNPG). Cellobiose hydrolysis was performed at 50°C for the enzyme fromC. flavigena and at 37°C for that fromE. coli pJS3, both with an optimal pH of 6.5. For PNPG hydrolysis, the optimal conditions were pH 5.5 and 37°C for both cell extracts. Most of the β-glucosidase activity was intracellular. When cultures ofC. flavigena were grown with cellobiose or carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as inducers, the expression of β-glucosidase was increased considerably.E. coli pJS3 produces a cellobiase which hydrolyzes cellobiose and PNPG. TheK m values for cellobiose and PNPG indicated that the β-glucosidase activity ofC. flavigena had a higher affinity for cellobiose as substrate, whereas the β-glucosidase fromE. coli pJS3 showed higher affinity for PNPG.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569764
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Floral volatiles ofTanacetum vulgare L. attractive toLobesia botrana den. et schiff. females (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 693-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Lobesia botrana ; Vitis vinifera ; Tanacetum vulgare ; tansy ; grapevine ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Compositae ; plant-insect relationships ; olfaction ; allelochemicals ; terpenoids ; coupling GC-EAG
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The European grapevine moth (EGVM),Lobesia botrana, is a major pest of grapes in Europe. Females are attracted to a nonhost plant: tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.), which is a common weed in Slovakian vineyards. A steam distillate extract of tansy flowers was analyzed by means of a GC-EAG technique to screen constituents detected by the olfactory receptors of EGVM females. From more than 200 GC peaks, nine peaks corresponding to monoterpenoids released an EAG response in more than 70% of the females (N=15):p-cymene,d-limonene,α-thujene,α-thujone,β-thujone, thujyl alcohol, terpinene-4-ol, (Z)-verbenol, and piperitone. The steam distillate of tansy as well as a synthetic blend of identified compounds released consistent attraction in a field cage. The use of nonhost plants and host plant odors in integrated pest management is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994607
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The interaction between exogenous DNA and sperm cells (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 31 (1992), S. 161-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Schlagwort(e): Sperm cell ; Recombinant DNA ; Fertilization ; Genetic transformation ; Transgenic animals ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Epididymal sperm cells, incubated with plasmid DNA, showed a spontaneous tendency to interact with the exogenous nucleic acid. We have investigated the molecular basis of such interaction. Exogenous DNA is taken up by sperm cells over a 15- to 20-min period and is specifically localized on the nuclear area of the sperm head. DNA was reversibly bound to spermatozoa since it can be competed out by excess of cold competitor DNA or by other polyanions as heparin and dextran sulphate. By contrast, poly-L-lysine, a polycation, favours the uptake. DNA molecules of large size (7 kb) were preferentially taken up as compared to smaller ones (150-750 bp). Acidic proteins were also taken up and concentrated, as for DNA, at the nuclear level. These data strongly suggested that ionic interactions may occur between foreign molecules and a substrate located in the sperm head. On the basis of Southwestern analysis, a sperm head protein(s) of 30-35 KD is identified as potential substrate for exogenous DNA binding. Moreover, we have found that seminal plasma contains factor(s) which abolish sperm permeability, exerting a powerful inhibitor effect on DNA uptake. The presence of a specific binding protein for the DNA and of a factor inhibiting such interaction support the existence of a mechanism controlling, through specific factors, the sperm-DNA interaction.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080310302
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular cloning and expression of a Tetrahymena pyriformis ubiquitin fusion gene coding for a 53-amino-acid extension protein (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 230 (1991), S. 186-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Gene cloning ; Ubiquitin fusion gene ; Ubiquitin extension protein ; Expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The genome of Tetrahymena pyriformis has been shown to contain a ubiquitin multigene family consisting of several polyubiquitin genes and at least one ubiquitin fusion gene. We report here the isolation and characterization of one genomic clone (pTUl1), that encodes a ubiquitin extension protein. A comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of the ubiquitin extension protein gene of T. pyriformis with those from other organisms indicated a high degree of homology. However, the Tetrahymena ubiquitin extension protein contains 53 and not 52 amino acids. This feature is different from all ubiquitin 52-amino-acid extension protein genes thus far sequenced. Furthermore, we found an array of four cysteine residues similar to those found in nucleic acid binding proteins. Also, the C-terminal sequence possesses a conserved motif which may represent a nuclear translocation signal. The ubiquitin 53-amino-acid extension protein gene encodes the smallest class of ubiquitin mRNAs in T. pyriformis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290667
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New classes ofStreptomyces coelicolor A3(2) mutants blocked in undecylprodigiosin (Red) biosynthesis (1991)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 227 (1991), S. 28-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Antibiotic production ; Genetic organization ; Directed mutant screen ; Prodigiosin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Fifteen mutants ofStreptomyces coelicolor A3(2) blocked in both the bipyrrole branch (redA) and a second site specific to the undecylprodigiosin pathway were characterized. Some of the mutants were ordered biosynthetically based on cosynthesis experiments. Complementation of each of the mutants with wild-type DNA cloned in low- and high-copy number plasmid vectors allowed the mutants to be separated into 12 new classes which are physically clustered within approximately 37 kb on theS. coelicolor genome. Early-step biosynthetic genes are centrally located and are flanked by later-step and regulatory genes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260702
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dioecy inMikania (Compositae:Eupatorieae) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 175 (1991), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Eupatorieae ; Mikania ; Mikania swartziana complex ; Dioecy ; Flora of the Greater Antilles
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract For the first time dioecy inMikania and in the tribeEupatorieae is described and discussed. The condition is known only in members of theMikania swartziana Griseb. complex, a group of eight species, all endemic to the Greater Antillean Islands of Cuba, Hispaniola, and Jamaica.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00942147
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of mutations altering SOS regulation on a nalidixic acid-inducible system for the production of heterologous proteins inEscherichia coli (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 6 (1990), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Fermentation ; Recombinant DNA ; Phage λp L promoter ; Expression vector ; α1-Antitrypsin ; Malaria vaccine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary The major leftward early promoter of phage λp L, has frequently been used to drive expression of heterologous genes inEscherichia coli.p L is typically maintained fully repressed by the lambda cl protein. When induction of heterologous protein synthesis is desired, one of several potential mechanisms of destroying cl function is employed and the expression of the foreign gene commences. One method of derepressingp L involves exposing cells to nalidixic acid, which results in the “activation” of RecA protein and the subsequent RecA-mediated proteolytic cleavage of cl. Activated RecA also mediates the cleavage of theE. coli LexA protein, resulting in induction of the SOS regulon (at least 15E. coli genes, includingrec A). We have examined the effect of two chromosomal mutations on the productivity of nalidixic acid inductions. One of the tested mutations (recA o) increased the intracellular concentration of RecA prior to induction; the other (lexAind−) resulted in a mutated lexA protein insensitive to RecA-mediated cleavage. These mutations were introduced into a strain carrying acl+ defective lysogen. Synthesis of two heterologous proteins, human α1-antitrypsin and a fusion protein partially derived from thePlasmodium falciparum circumsporozooite surface antigen, was examined in the wild-type and mutant strains. The maximum α-1 antitrypsin concentration achieved was improved by 50% when therecA o strain was used rather than the wild type; however; only smaller changes (20% or less) in the maximum concentration of the malaria fusion protein wer observed. Use of thelexAind− strain resulted in a decrease in the maximum concentration attained for both heterologous products.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01577696
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning of the PYR4 gene encoding orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase in Cephalosporium acremonium (1990)
    Springer
    Current genetics 17 (1990), S. 223-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase ; Cephalosporium acremonium ; Recombinant DNA ; Evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We have cloned the Cephalosporium acremonium pyr4 gene by cross-hybridization with the equivalent gene from Neurospora crassa, the closest relative from which this gene is available. The C. acremonium pyr4 gene complements an E. coli pyrF mutant lacking orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase (OMPdecase), and most probably does not contain introns. Maxicell analysis in E. coli shows that it encodes a 46 kDa polypeptide. The C. acremonium OMPdecase contains a highly conserved pentadecapeptide characteristic for this category of enzyme. Extensive sequence comparison suggests an important role of this region in enzymatic activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312613
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Investigations into the evolutionary history of theAntennaria rosea (Asteraceae: Inuleae) polyploid complex (1990)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 169 (1990), S. 97-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Compositae ; Inuleae ; Antennaria ; A. rosea ; Agamic complex ; agamospermy ; asexual reproduction ; clonal organism ; dioecy ; morphology ; numerical taxonomy ; phenetics ; polyploidy ; systematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract TheAntennaria rosea polyploid agamic complex is one of the most morphologically diverse and widespread complexes of N. AmericanAntennaria. The group is taxonomically confusing because of numerous agamospermous microspecies, having been recognized as distinct species. Morphometric analyses have demonstrated that the primary source of morphological variability in the complex derives from six sexually reproducing progenitors,A. aromatica, A. corymbosa, A. media, A. microphylla, A. racemona, andA. umbrinella. Additionally, two other sexually reproducing species,A. marginata andA. rosulata, may have contributed to the genetic complexity of theA. rosea complex. Cluster analysis indicates that four discrete morphological groups exist within theA. rosea complex. Each group could be the result of predominance of genes from different groups of sexual progenitors. AsA. rosea is of multiple hybrid origin, from among several sexual progenitors, it is advisable to recognizeA. rosea as a distinct species from its sexual progenitors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935988
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Numerical analyses of karyotypic diversity in the genusEupatorium (Compositae, Eupatorieae) (1990)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 170 (1990), S. 215-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Eupatorium ; Chromosomal distance ; chromosomal identity ; karyotype analysis ; statistics phenetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Somatic metaphase karyotypes were analyzed for 22 diploid species ofEupatorium. The karyotypic comparisons were made using two indices: minimal chromosomal distance (MCD), measuring overall dissimilarities, and chromosomal identity (CI), measuring number of morphologically identical chromosomes between species. The resulting phenograms from these indices are largely compatible. The 22 species cluster into four groups in the phenogram using MCD, and the grouping corresponds well with morphology or geographic distribution into the three N. American groupsEutrochium, Uncasia, Traganthes, and the E. Asian group. These results suggest that karyotypes in perennialEupatorium have been considerably conservative and changed not through large chromosomal mutations but through small chromosomal mutations gradually fixed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937705
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ant nests as primary habitats ofSilybum marianum (Compositae) (1990)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 169 (1990), S. 209-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Silybum marianum ; Formicidae ; Messor semirufus ; Myrmecochory ; preadaptations ; synanthropic plant ; grasslands
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The common Mediterranean ruderal thistleSilybum marianum is associated with nutrient-rich sites. Its wind-dispersed achenes possess an oily food body, that is attractive to harvester-ants. Following removal of the oily body, the achenes are deposited in the refuse zone together with rich organic material and soil removed from the nest; while in the nest the achenes are partly protected from fires. The thistle grows successfully in the nutrient-enriched refuse zone and thus dominates patches in the grassland. Preadaptations to live in association with harvester-ants enableS. marianum to occur also on marking stations of male gazelle, on cattle dung deposits, and in synanthropic ruderal habitats.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937675
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Systematics and evolution within theCompositae, seen with the eyes of a chemist (1990)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 171 (1990), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Chemistry ; systematics ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The broad knowledge of the chemistry of theCompositae allows the discussion of its relevance for the systematics and evolution within the family. Furthermore a separation into subfamilies can be supported by the observed differences in the distribution of the main constituents in the tribes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940593
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation and molecular characterisation of the benzoate-para-hydroxylase gene (bphA) of Aspergillus niger: A member of a new gene family of the cytochrome P450 superfamily (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 223 (1990), S. 192-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Monooxygenase ; Recombinant DNA ; Overexpression ; Upstream reading frames ; Complementation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The gene coding for benzoate-para-hydroxylase (bphA) of Aspergillus niger was cloned using differential hybridisation techniques and complementation of mutants deficient in this enzyme activity. The nucleotide sequence of the gene was determined, the presence of two introns was shown and the transcription start and termination sites were determined. The structure of the mRNA upstream from the long open reading frame (ORF) is unusual. It contains two small, overlapping ORFs whose function is unknown. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the protein with the sequences present in the databanks, indicated a significant similarity of BPH to the superfamily of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Further analysis revealed that this protein is a member of a new P450 gene family designated P450LIII. The gene is designated CYP53. To increase the BPH activity of A. niger, multiple copies of the bphA gene were introduced into the genome of a recipient strain by transformation. Although increased intracellular levels of the BPH protein could be detected, the BPH enzyme activity was decreased, suggesting titration of another essential component.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265053
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Crossing experiments of lettuce cultivars and species (Lactuca sect.Lactuca, Compositae) (1990)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 171 (1990), S. 233-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Lactuca sativa ; L. serriola ; L. saligna ; L. virosa ; Hybridization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The degree of relationships withinLactuca sativa and three wild relativesL. serriola, L. saligna, andL. virosa was studied by observing the performance, vigour and fertility of the F 1 hybrids obtained from crosses made in and between the four species. The crosses ofL. saligna ×L. virosa and the reciprocal crosses produced no hybrids.L. saligna andL. virosa are the least related of the four species.L. sativa ×L. serriola and the reciprocal crosses were successful and produced fertile hybrids These two species are genetically very closely related.L. saligna is known to produce, as a female parent, hybrids withL. sativa andL. serriola. Now the reciprocal cross was successful for the first time, so the unability to obtain hybrids in the past was based on the choice of accessions and not caused by unilateral incompatibility.L. virosa ×L. sativa and the reciprocal combination produced hybrids. The combinationL. serriola ×L. virosa produced hybrids with very limited fertility. In contrast to earlier reports (sterile hybrids) one combination of the reciprocal cross too produced hybrids with very limited fertility.—Some of theL. saligna ×L. sativa (and reciprocal) hybrids were found to look strikingly likeL. serriola. This adds evidence for the descent ofL. serriola andL. sativa:L. saligna also made part of the ancestral complex of the cultivated lettuce.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940608
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Construction of full-length cDNA clones of cucumber mosaic virus RNAs 1, 2 and 3: Generation of infectious RNA transcripts (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 222 (1990), S. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Plant virus ; T7 promoter ; In vitro transcription
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Full-length cDNA copies of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) RNAs 1 and 2 of the Fny strain were constructed from partial cDNA clones and were cloned downstream of bacteriophage T7 promoters. In one pair of clones, transcription proceeded from an unaltered T7 promoter such that in vitro transcripts representing RNAs 1 and 2 contained an additional 17 nucleotides at their 5′ termini. In a second pair of clones, the T7 promoter/cDNA junction was altered by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis such that the in vitro transcripts contained only an additional G residue at their 5′ ends. In addition, a full-length cDNA copy of Fny-CMV RNA 3 was constructed from two overlapping cDNA clones and was cloned downstream of an altered T7 promoter such that the resultant in vitro transcripts also contained only an additional G residue at their 5′ ends. In vitro transcripts derived from all clones contained an additional C residue at their 3′ ends. In vitro transcripts representing RNAs 1, 2 and 3 which contained an additional residue at each terminus were shown to be infectious together in several hosts of CMV.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00633825
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expression of foreign epitopes in P-fimbriae ofEscherichia coli (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 222 (1990), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Vaccine development ; Carrier protein
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Hypervariable regions (HRs) of the major subunit of F11 fimbriae were exploited for insertion of foreign epitopes. Two insertion vectors were created that contain a unique cloning site in HR1 or HR4 respectively. Several oligonucleotides, coding for antigenic determinants derived from different pathogens, were cloned in both insertion vectors. Hybrid fimbrial subunits were generally shown to be assembled in fimbriae when the length of the inserted peptide did not exceed 14 amino acids. The inserted peptides appeared to be exposed in the fimbrial filament. One hybrid fimbrial protein induced detectable levels of antibodies against the inserted epitope if injected into mice.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00633832
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of pollen donors on seed formation inEspeletia schultzii (Compositae) populations at different altitudes (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 166 (1989), S. 45-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Espeletia ; Diallel cross ; pollen donors ; parental effects ; outcrossing distance ; inbreeding ; seed abortion ; incompatibility ; pollen tube growth
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The influence of different pollen donors on seed formation was investigated in three populations ofEspeletia schultzii that differ in environmental conditions and life history characteristics. Self pollen and pollen from different donors (〈 15m apart) within each population was used in a diallel design in order to test the genetic base of seed set variation. Three measures of seed formation were used: (1) achene number; (2) proportion of filled achenes (fruits) that distinguishes between achenes with seeds and empty achenes; (3) proportion of aborted seeds that distinguishes between viable and aborted seeds. Self-pollinations resulted in empty achenes. Achene number did not vary between the different pollen donors. A bimodal pattern of filled achenes was found in two populations in two consecutive years. On the other hand, a unimodal pattern was found in crosses between more distant donors (〉 30m). These patterns seems to be the results of a sporophytic incompatibility system. Seed abortion was highest at the higher elevations and seems to be correlated with elevation rather than with any genetic effect.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937875
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Karyological studies in someHypochoeris spp. (Compositae) from Sicily (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 168 (1989), S. 49-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Hypochoeris ; Karyotype ; karyogram ; idiogram ; basic chromosome number ; symmetry of karyotype ; asymmetrical index
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract FiveHypochoeris spp. from Sicily have been investigated:H. glabra L. (2n=10),H. radicata L. (2n=8),H. cretensis L. (2n=6),H. laevigata L. (2n=12),H. robertia Fiori (2n=8). Basic chromosome numbers are very variable, x = 3, 4, 5, 6. The karyotype of each species is presented. Geographical origin (S. America or Mediterranean region) of the genusHypochoeris and the taxonomic position ofH. robertia are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936106
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    DNA sequence of the metC gene and its flanking regions from Salmonella typhimurium LT2 and homology with the corresponding sequence of Escherichia coli (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 216 (1989), S. 164-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): metC ; Cystathionine-β-lyase ; Nucleotide sequence ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The DNA sequence of the Salmonella typhimurium metC gene and its flanking regions was determined. The metC gene contains an open reading frame of 1185 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 395 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 42874 daltons. S1 nuclease mapping experiments located the transcription start site of the metC gene. The nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence for the metC genes of S. typhimurium and Escherichia coli were compared. Although there are 279 nucleotide replacements, most do not change the amino acid sequence. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the flanking regions of the S. typhimurium metC gene shows that there is an open reading frame upstream and an open reading frame downstream of the gene. The existence of the divergently transcribed upstream open reading frame (designated ORF1) was confirmed by the construction of an ORF1-lacZ fusion. The transcription start site of ORF1 was determined by S1 nuclease mapping.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332246
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparison of within-plant karyological heterogeneity between agamospermous and sexualTaraxacum (Compositae) as assessed by the nucleolar organiser chromosome (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 163 (1989), S. 177-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Taraxacum ; Agamospermy ; NOR-chromosome ; chromosomal rearrangement ; transposable genetic elements
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Morphological variation for the NOR chromosome was studied for four half-siblings of a sexual outbreedingTaraxacum, for three siblings of the obligate agamospermT. pseudohamatum, and for two individuals of the agamospermT. brachyglossum. No rearrangement was detected for the 113 chromosomes of sexuals, or for 41 chromosomes of two agamospermous individuals. In the other three agamospermous individuals, 3/16, 5/50, and 5/20 chromosomes showed evidence of chromosomal rearrangement. The majority of rearrangement events (10/13) occurred to the satellite rather than to the body of the NOR-chromosome. It is considered that such high levels of somatic chromosomal rearrangement in agamospermousTaraxacum may be the result of activity by transposable genetic elements. This recombination may be of selective advantage to asexual plants which cannot generate genetic variability through the sexual process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936513
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ontogeny of intruding non-periplasmodial tapetum in the wild chicory,Cichorium intybus (Compositae) (1989)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 167 (1989), S. 149-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Cichorium intybus ; Tapetum ; pollen ; exine ; pollenkitt
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The tapetal development ofCichorium intybus L. is investigated using LM and TEM and discussed in relation to the development in other species. During the second meiotic division the tapetal cells become binucleate and lose their cell walls. They intrude the loculus at the time of microspore release from the meiotic callose walls, which means that a locular cavity is never present in this species. During pollen development they tightly junct the exine, especially near the tips of the spines. During the two-celled pollen grain stage they degenerate and most of their content turns into pollenkitt. Until anther dehiscence they keep their individuality, which means that these intruding tapetal cells never fuse to form a periplasmodium. The ultrastructural cytoplasmatic changes during this development are discussed in relation to possible functions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936403
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning and sequence analysis of the 18 S ribosomal RNA gene of tomato and a secondary structure model for the 18 S rRNA of angiosperms (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 219 (1989), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Small subunit ; Ribosomal DNA ; Sequence comparison ; Lycopersicon esculentum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The gene of a cytoplasmic 18 S ribosomal RNA (18 S rDNA) of the dicotyledonous plant tomato (ycopersicon esculentum) cv. Rentita has been cloned, and its complete primary structure has been determined. The tomato 18 S rDNA is 1805 by long with a G+C content of 49.6%. Its sequence exhibits 94%–96% positional identity when it is colinearly aligned with the previously reported sequences of the 17–18 S rDNAs of the dicot soybean and the monocots maize and rice. A model of the secondary structure of the 18 S rRNA of angiosperms is presented and its genera-specific structural features are compared with a current eukaryotic 18 S rRNA consensus model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261152
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stable-light-emitting Escherichia coli as a biosensor (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 4 (1989), S. 551-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; luminescence ; luciferase gene ; Vibrio harveyi ; toxic substances ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: We have studied possibilities for constructing Escherichia coli strains capable of producing stable light. Light production in E. coli is achieved by cloning the genes encoding bacterial luciferase from Vibrio harveyi. To gain the advantage of sensitive detection of light we transferred the genes under the control of a strong, regulatable promoter system.Stabilization of light produced by E. coli clones was accomplished by finding the optimal plasmid construction and growth conditions as well as suitable measuring buffers. The adjustment of the luciferase synthesis for bioluminescence measurements to a high but not harmful level gives healthy cells and stable luciferase. Cultivation at 30 °C in an uninduced state was found to be the most important factor in getting stable-light production. The overall cell metabolism being unstressed gives us the possibility of monitoring cell physiology and factors affecting it via bioluminescence reactions in vivo. To make the results easy to interpret the light emission has to be stable during a measurement period of one to several hours. In the case of the original light-producing bacteria, Vibrio and Photobacterium strains it has not thus far been possible to find conditions where light emission would be stable for several hours. Based on our findings an automated biosensor system can be developed to monitor the effects of biologically active compounds against stable-light-producing bacteria.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170040172
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the Salmonella typhimurium LT2 metF gene and its homology with the corresponding sequence of Escherichia coli (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 212 (1988), S. 246-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): metF ; 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ; Recombinant DNA ; Nucleotide sequence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The Salmonella typhimurium LT2 metF gene, encoding 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, has been cloned. Strains with multicopy plasmids carrying the metF gene overproduce the enzyme 44-fold. The nucleotide sequence of the metF gene was determined, and an open reading frame of 888 nucleotides was identified. The polypeptide deduced from the DNA sequence contains 296 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 33 135 daltons. Mung bean nuclease mapping experiments located the transcription start point and possible transcription termination region for the gene. There is a 25bp nucleotide sequence between the translation termination site and the possible transcription termination region. This region possesses a GC-rich sequence that could form a stable stem and loop structure once transcribed (ΔG=-9 kcal/mol), followed by an AT-rich sequence, both of which are characteristic of rho-independent transcription terminators. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the S. typhimurium metF gene are compared with the corresponding sequences of the Escherichia coli metF gene. The nucleotide sequences show 85% homology. Most of the nucleotide differences found do not alter the amino acid sequences, which show 95% homology. The results also show that a change has occurred in the metF region of the S. typhimurium chromosome as compared to the E. coli chromosome.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334692
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The repressor gene (c) of the Streptomyces temperate phage ϕc31: Nucleotide sequence, analysis and functional cloning (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 213 (1988), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Helix-turn-helix motifs ; In vitro transcription-translation ; Phage immunity ; Exonuclease III deletions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The nucleotide sequence of the 3.4 kb SphI-G fragment that contained the repressor gene (c) of the temperate Streptomyces phage ϕc31 was determined. Analysis of this sequence revealed a large open reading frame with protein coding character and sequence changes in c gene point and deletion mutants identified this as the coding region of the repressor. Two of the mutants studied had undergone deletions of 1.1 kb and 1.4 kb that had occurred across short direct repeats of 6 bp and 11 bp, respectively. Coupled in vitro transcription-translation experiments using the cloned SphI-G fragment and Streptomyces lividans cell free extracts identified a protein product of approximately 72 kDa, in close agreement with that predicted from the nucleotide sequence. A strongly predicted helix-turn-helix motif that may be involved in DNA binding occurred towards the carboxy-terminus of the amino acid sequence. Initial attempts to clone the SphI-G fragment in Streptomyces failed; using information gained from the sequence analysis a smaller segment of this DNA fragment was cloned in S. lividans and conferred immunity to a clear plaque mutant (c1) of ϕc31.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339591
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A multigene family in Calothrix sp. PCC 7601 encodes phycocyanin, the major component of the cyanobacterial light-harvesting antenna (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 211 (1988), S. 296-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Complementary chromatic adaptation ; Gene expression ; Photoregulation ; Phycobilisome ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary In cyanobacteria, light is harvested by phycobilisomes which are essentially made up of chromophoric proteins called phycobiliproteins. We have characterized two gene clusters (cpcB1, cpcA1 and cpcB3, cpcA3) each encoding the two subunits of phycocyanin (βPC and αPC, respectively), one of the major phycobiliproteins in Calothrix 7601. Downstream from the gene encoding the PCα subunit in cluster 1, an open reading frame was found, cpcE1. These genes are organized in two transcriptional units, namely: cpcB3 A3 and cpcB1 A1 E1. All these genes are transcribed whatever the chromatic light received during cell growth. Consequently, although only one type of “constitutive” PC has been biochemically characterized, we have demonstrated that there are two cpc operons “constitutively” transcribed in this strain. With the previously described red light “inducible” cpcB2 A2 operon, there are three copies of the PC encoding genes in Calothrix 7601. The significance of this newly described multigene family in cyanobacteria is discussed. We have also mapped the 5′ and 3′ termini of the major transcript from the cpc1 operon. Analysis of the 5′ untranslated region of this transcript has revealed alternative secondary structures which are proposed to play a role in the regulation of the expression of this operon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330607
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Secretion and export of IGF-1 in Escherichia coli strain JM101 (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 215 (1988), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): IGF-1 ; Escherichia coli secretion/export ; LamB leader peptide ; Heterologous gene expression ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The processing of LamB-IGF-1 fusion protein and the export of processed IGF-1 (insulin-like growth-factor-1) into the growth medium was examined in the Escherichia coli host strain, JM101. Several strain or plasmid modifications were tried to increase export of periplasmic (Processed) IGF-1 into the growth medium of JM101. These included: (1) use of a lon null mutant strain to increase accumulation levels of unprocessed LamB-IGF-1 fusion protein; (2) use of an alternative drug resistance marker on the expression plasmid rather than beta-lactamase, thereby reducing any competition for processing of LamB-IGF-1 by signal peptidase; (3) examination of whether phage M13 gene III protein expression caused more periplasmic IGF-1 to be exported into the growth medium due to increased outer membrane permeability; and (4) examination of the effect of E. coli or yeast optimized IGF-1 codons. None of these strain or plasmid modifications caused any significant increase in export of IGF-1 into the growth medium of JM101. Solubility studies of LamB-IGF-1 and processed IGF-1 showed that virtually all of the LamB-IGF-1 and IGF-1 remaining within the cell after a 2 h induction period was insoluble. This implied that only soluble LamB-IGF-1 was processed to IGF-1 and that only soluble IGF-1 was exported into the growth medium. Taken together, the results indicated that LamB-IGF-1 and IGF-1 solubility were the limiting factors in secretion of IGF-1 into the periplasm and export of IGF-1 into the growth medium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331297
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of genetic transformation in Streptococcus oralis NCTC 11427: Expression of the pneumococcal amidase in S. oralis using a new shuttle vector (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 215 (1988), S. 53-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Competence ; Autolysins ; Choline ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We have worked out conditions for the study of competence development and genetic transformation in Streptococcus oralis NCTC 11427 (type strain), a species that contains choline in the cell wall. The peak of competence was found at the early exponential phase of growth and the optimal conditions for transformation were achieved with shuttle plasmids prepared from S. pneumoniae or from Escherichia coli serving as donor DNA. Transformation with dye-bouyant density gradient purified plasmid preparations followed first-order kinetics. The pneumococcal amidase can be expressed in S. oralis harbouring a plasmid carrying the lytA gene. This enzyme lysed the cell wall of the transformed cell in the presence of detergents.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331302
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Non-equivalency of genera inAngiospermae: Evidence from DNA hybridization studies (1988)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 161 (1988), S. 155-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Umbelliferae ; Iridaceae ; DNA hybridization ; systematics ; rank of taxa
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The problem of taxa equivalency in phylogenetically distant groups can hardly be solved by comparing morphological differences alone. An attempt is made to approach the problem by means of DNA comparisons, e.g., DNA hybridization. Data obtained forCompositae, Umbelliferae andIridaceae indicate that both unique and repetitive DNA sequence comparisons lead to the conclusions that genera within these families are not equivalent, e.g., the differences in the DNA among the species ofIris are much more pronounced than among those ofAchillea; some genera ofUmbelliferae occupy an intermediate position.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937296
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning, sequencing and expression of a Bacillus bacteriolytic enzyme in Escherichia coli (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 214 (1988), S. 241-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Autolysin ; Hydrolase ; In vitro transcription and translation ; Recombinant DNA ; Transcriptional and translational signals
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Several hundred bacterial isolates were screened for bacteriolytic activity by growing them on agar medium containing autoclaved, lyophilized Micrococcus lysodeikticus cells as the substrate. A Bacillus sp. producing the largest lytic zone was selected. A genomic bank of this selected bacterium was constructed in the multi-functional vector pTZ18R, with partial SauIIIA DNA fragments inserted at the SalI restriction site. Screening of 800 colonies of this bank for cell lysis gave 5 recombinants exhibiting lytic activity, as detected by analysis of extracts of sonicated Escherichia coli cells on denaturing polyacrylamide gels containing autoclaved, lyophilized M. lysodeikticus cells as the substrate. One clone (pBH2500), expressed inE. coli strain NM522, was found to code for a lytic enzyme corresponding, in molecular weight, to the 27 kDa Bacillus sp hydrolase. This clone with an insertion of 2.5 kb was then subcloned as a 929 bp EcoRI-SauIIIA fragment in pTZ18R (pBH929) and showed higher cell lytic activity. A unique open reading frame for a protein of 251 amino acids, followed by a putative terminator sequence, was found after a consensus ribosome binding site. A putative leader sequence was identified in the first 37 amino acids. One truncated subclone (pBH703), corresponding to 196 out of 251 residues from the protein N-terminal end, still possessed lytic activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337717
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning of two chloramphenicol acetyltransferase genes from Clostridium butyricum and their expression in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 214 (1988), S. 328-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Chloramphenicol resistance ; cat gene ; Plasmids pC194 and pUB110 ; Inducible gene expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Two non-homologous chloramphenicol (Cm) acetyltransferase (CAT) genes, designated catA and catB, were cloned from Clostridium butyricum type strains and characterized by restriction mapping. Both genes are efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. In contrast to analogous genes from staphylococci and bacilli, gene expression is not dependent on induction by Cm. The genes are considered as chromosomal, since no association with endogenous plasmids was detectable. Southern hybridization revealed a homology between catA and the staphylococcal Cm resistance plasmid, pC194. The subunit size of the clostridial CAT enzymes expressed in E. coli was determined as 22.5 kDa (catA) and 24 kDa (catB), respectively. The C. butyricum cat genes provide potentially useful selection markers for the construction of cloning vectors from cryptic clostridial plasmids.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337731
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The isolation of specific genes from the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune (1987)
    Springer
    Current genetics 12 (1987), S. 547-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Schizophyllum commune ; Transformation ; Gene isolation ; Basidiomycetes ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary We have developed a routine way to isolate genes directly from the basidiomycete fungus, Schizophyllum commune. Plasmid DNA from a genomic gene library was used to isolate five specific genes by complementation of Schizophyllum mutations via transformation. The mutant strains were deficient in the ability to synthesize either adenine (ade2 and ade5), uracil (ural, encoding orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase; OMPdecase), tryptophan (rpl, encoding indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthetase; IGPS) or para aminobenzoic acid (pab1). In each case, Southern analysis revealed that transformation to prototrophy was concomitant with the integration of vector sequence into the genome of the S. commune mutant. Total DNA from transformants was restricted, religated, and used to transform E. coli. Ampicillin resistant plasmids were recovered from E. coli and tested for their ability to transform the corresponding mutant of S. commune. Plasmids complementing the ade2, adeS, pabl, trpl, and ural mutations were recovered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00419565
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fermentation of recombinant yeast producing hepatitis B surface antigen (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 2 (1987), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Fermentation ; Recombinant DNA ; Hepatitis B surface antigen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Fermentations were performed to determine parameters affecting the expression of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae containing the HBsAg gene. These studies emphasized inereasing both the relative abundance (HBsAg: cell mass) and total production of HBsAg. Specific activity was increased 70-fold when cells were grown in shake flasks containing nonselective rather than selective medium. The addition of adenine, ammonium sulfate or glucose to the complex medium reduced the production of antigen. Results similar to those achieved in shake flasks were obtained when the growth was performed in fermenters. A nutrient addition system was employed to increase the production of cells and HBsAg. The addition of glucose to the culture medium increased cell mass 6-fold but decreased the production of antigen. This imbalance was corrected by supplementing the glucose with complex nutrients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569510
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol), a mosquito feeding and ovipositional repellent from volatile oil ofHemizonia fitchii (Asteraceae) (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 13 (1987), S. 2131-2141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Hemizonia fitchii ; Asteraceae ; Compositae ; 1,8-cineole ; eucalyptol ; mosquito repellent ; Aedes aegypti ; Diptera ; Culicidae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The mosquito feeding and ovipositional repellency of the major monoterpenoid present in the volatile oil ofHemizonia fitchii (Asteraceae), i.e., 1,8-cineole, was investigated. Although 1,8-cineole did not exhibit any significant mosquito larvicidal activity, it was moderately effective as a feeding repellent and highly effective as an ovipositional repellent against adultAedes aegypti (yellow fever mosquito). The ovipositional repellency of 1,8-cineole, coupled with the presence of severalHemizonia chromenes previously shown to possess mosquito larvicidal activity, may therefore account in large part for the observed suppression of local mosquito populations which was associated withH. fitchii plants in northern California.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012562
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Saccharomyces cerevisiae MET3 gene: Nucleotide sequence and relationship of the 5′ non-coding region to that of MET25 (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 210 (1987), S. 307-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Methionine metabolism ; Negative control ; Regulatory regions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the expression of several genes implicated in methionine biosynthesis is coregulated by a specific negative control. To elucidate the molecular basis of this regulation, we have cloned two of these genes, MET3 and MET25. The sequence of MET25 has already been determined (Kerjan et al. 1986). Here, we report the nucleotide sequence of the MET3 gene along with its 5′ and 3′ flanking regions. Plasmids bearing different deletions upstream of the transcribed region of MET3 were constructed. They were introduced into yeast cells and tested for their ability to complement met3 mutations and to respond to regulation by exogenous methionine. The regulatory region was located within a 100 bp region. The sequence of this regulatory region was compared with that of MET25. A short common sequence which occurs 250–280 bp upstream of the translation initiation codon of the gene was found. This sequence is a good candidate for the cis-acting regulatory element.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325699
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the distribution of the genusCousinia (Compositae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 155 (1987), S. 15-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Cousinia ; Generic distribution map ; centres of diversity ; distribution patterns ; Flora of the Irano-Turanian Region ; Flora of SW. Asia ; of Iran ; Iraq ; Afghanistan ; Pakistan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract On the basis of new floristic works a distribution map of the genusCousinia is given and discussed. The generic distribution area ofCousinia is nearly identical with the Irano-Turanian Region, but most of the 662 species are concentrated on the Iranian and Turkestanian mountain regions. Here, both in the eastern and in the western parts of the distribution area, four centres of diversity with high numbers of—mostly endemic—species are found: The western Tienshan (61 species), Pamiro-Alaj (169), NE-Afghanistan (80), NW-Afghanistan (44); Kopetdagh (66 in Iran, 33 in Turkmenia), Elburz (66), the northern part of Zagros (44), Azerbaijan (36). The outlines of the generic area are formed by genetic-historical and by climatic factors. The distribution patterns ofCousinia species confirm the close connections between the Iranian and the Turkestanian mountains as centres of origin and conservation of palaeo-xeromorphic mountain floras, contrasting with the Turanian lowland flora.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936283
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Karyology of theScorzonera (Compositae) species from the Iberian Peninsula (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 156 (1987), S. 29-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Lactuceae ; Scorzonera ; Karyology ; karyosystematics ; chromosome morphology ; evolution ; Flora of the Iberian Peninsula
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A karyological study of 15 taxa ofScorzonera L. from the Iberian Peninsula has been made. The chromosome numbers found inS. hispanica var.pinnatifida, S. baetica, S. reverchonii, S. angustifolia, S. laciniata var.calcitrapifolia and var.subulata (2n = 14) are new. Diploid cytotypes with 2n = 14 and 2n = 12 prevail, andS. hispanica var.crispatula is the only taxon which exhibits autopolyploidy (2n = 14, 28). x = 7 is considered to be the base chromosome number within the genus, with x = 6 being derived from it by translocation. This and detailed karyotype analyses allow to group the Iberian Peninsula species ofScorzonera into three groups.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937199
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phyletic and evolutionary relationships ofBrachyscome lineariloba (Compositae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 121-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Asteroideae ; Brachyscome (=Brachycome)lineariloba ; B. breviscapis ; Life pattern ; annual inbreeding ; ascending dysploidy ; amphidiploidy ; karyotype ; hybridization ; meiotic pairing ; Flora of Australia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A comparison of karyotypes ofBrachyscome breviscapis (2n = 8),B. lineariloba cytodemes E (2n = 10), B (2n = 12) and C (2n = 16) suggests that these species have a homoelogous basic set of four chromosome pairs, two large pairs and two small, and that theB. lineariloba cytodemes E, B and C are related toB. breviscapis by successive additions of small chromosomes. A pronounced asynchrony of chromosome condensation between these large and small chromosomes has been observed. In the artificial hybrids betweenB. dichromosomatica (2n = 4) ×B. breviscapis, and theB. lineariloba cytodemes, theB. dichromosomatica chromosomes are similar in size and condensation behaviour to the small chromosomes ofB. breviscapis and ofB. lineariloba cytodemes E, B and C. Meiotic pairing in these hybrids also demonstrates the strong affinities between these chromosomes. It is suggested thatB. breviscapis may be of amphidiploid origin between a species with two large early condensing chromosome pairs and another,B. dichromosomatica-like species with two small late condensing pairs. It seems most likely that the additional small and late condensing chromosomes inB. lineariloba cytodemes E, B and C are derived from theB. dichromosomatica-like parent, and that each addition increases vigour, fecundity and drought tolerance, allowing these cytodemes to colonize more open and arid environments. Transmission of the univalents in the quasidiploidB. lineariloba cytodeme E was verified as being via the pollen, and not via the embryo sacs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936193
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sexual tetraploid and apomictic pentaploid populations ofHieracium pilosella (Compositae) (1987)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 157 (1987), S. 219-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Hieracium sect ; Pilosellina ; Mode of reproduction ; cytology ; crossing and germination experiments
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Five species are recognized inHieracium subgen.Pilosella sect.Pilosellina Fries. Four are diploid (2x, 2n = 18), one (H. pilosella L.) is highly variable morphologically and cytologically (from 2x to 10x), in its mode of reproduction (self-incompatibility, agamospermy, amphimixis, apo-amphimixis) and in its hybridization pattern. A part of this huge agamic complex was analysed by comparing sexual 4x and apomictic 5x plants (crossing and germination experiments, measurements of vegetative reproduction by stolons etc.). In the experimental garden apomictic 5x produced more stolons than the sexual 4x plants and the total length of the stolons per rosette was greater. However, in nature, the competitive potential of the sexual plants seems to be higher, presumably as a result of the higher mortality of ramets in 5x. Sexual 4x plants often grow in dense and grazed grass vegetation, whereas 5x apomicts often occur in dunes with patchy vegetation. Apomicts produce more capitula per rosette, and sexual rosettes form only about 60% of the number of viable achenes as compared to apomictic ones. Therefore, apomicts appear to be characterized by a greater colonizing ability than sexual plants. Apomictic plants produce equal numbers of viable achenes under conditions of both open pollination and isolation. Sexual plants do not form any viable achenes after isolation and produce a somewhat lower percentage of achenes after open pollination than do apomictics. 5xreproduce exclusively apomictically. Apo-amphimixis was never observed in pentaploids and only very rarely in tetraploids. Addition hybrids are very rare. The cross sexual 4x × apomictic 5x failed in 70% of the attempts, but the recombination of genomes carrying genes for apomixis is possible and results in apomictic 4x and sexual 5x, both with a reduced number of viable achenes. In nature sexual and apomictic plants may occur in close proximity. In such cases the germination rate of the achenes of 4x and 5x is lower; this may indicate that apomictic plants fertilize sexual plants in nature (unidirectional gene-flow). 5x plants form euploid gametes carrying two or three genomes. The results of the crossing experiments can be explained in terms ofNogler's theory of monogenic inheritance of apospory.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00936199
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning of two type II methylase genes that recognise asymmetric nucleotide sequences: FokI and HgaI (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 209 (1987), S. 570-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Methylase ; Plasmid vector ; Gel electrophoresis ; Clearage map
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The modification genes of Flavobacterium okeanokoites and Haemophilus galinarum have been cloned into the vector pBR322 and expressed in Escherichia coli cells. FokI methylase gene is contained on a 3.80 kb piece of F. okeanokoites DNA. Plasmid constructs carrying this fragment of DNA are resistant to digestion by FokI restriction endonuclease but are sensitive to cleavage by HindIII, EcoRI and PstI. Unmodified λ DNA molecules, exposed in vitro to cell extracts prepared from cells habouring this plasmid, became resistant to digestion by FokI. The smallest HgaI methylase clone carries the pBR322 plasmid containing a 3.50 kb piece of H. galinarum DNA. This plasmid is resistant to digestion by HgaI. Neither the FokI nor the HgaI restriction endonuclease was detected in either clone. This is the first report of cloning modification genes whose protein products recognise asymmetric nucleotide sequences.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331164
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Factors affecting the expression of foreign proteins inEscherichia coli (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 1 (1987), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Gene expression ; Genetic engineering ; Biotechnology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary A variety of factors affect the expression of foreign proteins inEscherichia coli. These include: promoter strength, efficiency of ribosome binding, stability of the foreign protein inE. coli, location of the foreign protein inE. coli, the codons used to encode the foreign protein, the metabolic state of the cell, and the location, stability and copy number of the foreign gene. This paper contains a critical review of these factors with the idea that a detailed understanding of them is the key to the development of strategies for the efficient large-scale production of foreign proteins inE. coli.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569305
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Allelopathic effect of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) extract and residue on some agronomic crops and weeds (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 13 (1987), S. 1739-1747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Allelopathy ; parthenium ; Parthenium hysterophorus ; Compositae ; corn ; Zea mays ; ryegrass ; Lolium multiflorum ; wheat ; Triticum aestivum ; velvetleaf ; Abutilon theophrasti ; soybean ; Glycine max ; inhibition
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Allelopathic effects of entire shoot extract, plant part extracts, and shoot residue of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) on corn (Zea mays L.), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.), and soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] growth were examined. Parthenium shoot contained water-soluble materials that were toxic to root growth of velvetleaf and wheat. At 4% (w/ v) concentration, root growth of velvetleaf and wheat were reduced by 60 and 75%, respectively. The order of increasing sensitivity to parthenium was ryegrass, corn, wheat, and velvetleaf. There was a strong correlation between extract concentration and increased toxicity to test species. The toxicity of plant part extracts was also concentration dependent. At 1 and 2% (w/v), the inflorescence and leaves caused more root inhibition than stem extract. Parthenium shoot incorporated in soil at 1% (w/w) caused significantly more root inhibition of wheat than soybean, corn, and ryegrass. At 4% (w/w), root growth of all the test species was inhibited compared to the control. Toxicity of parthenium residue to wheat diminished with increasing periods of decomposition. Residue decomposed for four weeks was less toxic than the undecomposed residue.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00980214
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular cloning of a ribosomal protein gene from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1986)
    Springer
    Current genetics 10 (1986), S. 365-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Cross hybridization ; 2D-electrophoresis ; Hybrid selection translation ; Transformation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Using the structural gene for the ribosomal protein L3 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a probe, we isolated a homologous fragment from genomic DNA of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Analysis of the plasmid carrying this fragment by hybridization selection and 2D-electrophoresis revealed a 31 kDa ribosomal protein. Transformation of the vector pDB248x containing this fragment into Schizosaccharomyces pombe leads to an increased level of mRNA suggesting that we have cloned the entire and actively transcribed gene.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418408
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Large mitochondrial genome and mitochondrial DNA size polymorphism in the mosquito parasite, Romanomermis culicivorax (1986)
    Springer
    Current genetics 11 (1986), S. 71-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Mitochondrial DNA ; Population heterogeneity ; Molecular evolution ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Physical characterization of the mitochondrial genome derived from the obligate mosquito parasite, Romanomermis culicivorax has generated some surprising physical properties regarding the molecular structure of nematode mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Restriction enzyme analysis of this mtDNA has revealed a mitochondrial genome size of approximately 26 kb, the largest metazoan mtDNA reported to date. Isofemale lineages are monomorphic for one of three size variants, differing by 500-1,000 base pairs, present in our original field population. Cloned hybridization probes derived from a single region exhibiting a 600 by size polymorphism share strong homology with several spatially separated sites distributed about the mtDNA. This suggests that the homology is a result of repeated DNA sequence elements contained within this mitochondrial genome that contribute to mtDNA size polymorphism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389428
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Allelopathic polyacetylenes fromCentaurea repens (Russian knapweed) (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1205-1211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Allelopathy ; polyacetylenes ; Russian knapweed ; Centaurea repens ; Compositae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The allelopathic weed Russian knapweed (Centaurea repens) was found to contain polyacetylenes VIII–XIV in the roots. Dose vs. response of the root length elongation against lettuce, alfalfa, barnyard grass, and red millet showed IX to be active. Closely related isomers were not active. Examination of the soil surrounding the Russian knapweed roots revealed the presence of IX in sufficient concentration to have an appreciable effect on the surrounding plant community.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012342
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gene cloning in Aspergillus nidulans: isolation of the isocitrate lyase gene (acuD) (1986)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 202 (1986), S. 271-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Aspergillus ; Isocitrate lyase ; Cloning ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary An Aspergillus nidulans gene library was constructed in a high-frequency transformation vector, pDJB3, based on the Neurospora crassa pyr4 gene. This gene library was used to isolate the structural gene for isocitrate lyase (acuD) by complementation of a deficiency mutation following transformation of A. nidulans. Plasmids rescued in Escherichia coli were able to transform five different A. nidulans acuD mutants. Transformation using plasmids containing the cloned fragment resulted in integration at the acuD locus in six of nine transformants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331649
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Integration of foreign DNA following microinjection of tobacco mesophyll protoplasts (1986)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 202 (1986), S. 179-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Gene transfer ; Plant cell transformation ; Plant tissue culture ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary DNA from a bacterial plasmid containing the T-DNA border sequences of Agrobacterium tumefaciens was transferred into the nucleus or the cytoplasm of tobacco mesophyll protoplasts by microinjection. Following culture in hanging drops, some of these protoplasts produced calli containing the foreign DNA sequences. Evidence for the presence of the injected plasmid DNA in these calli was provided by Southern hybridization analysis. The results demonstrated that random portions of the bacterial plasmid were linked to plant DNA and that integration did not occur at the T-DNA borders present on the injected plasmid. The average number of integrated copies ranged from less than one to 1–2 per tobacco genome. The frequency of integration averaged 14% with intranuclear injections compared to 6% with cytoplasmic injections. With further refinement, the use of microinjection may allow the introduction of many different types of genetic elements into plants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331634
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    In vivo cloning of DNA into multicopy cosmids by mini-Mu-cosduction (1986)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 205 (1986), S. 546-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Transposition ; Genomic libraries ; Recombinant DNA
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A general in vivo procedure for cloning Escherichia coli genes into cosmids has been developed. The method we describe here uses a deleted Mu phage (a mini-Mu) to transpose E. coli genes into cosmids during mini-Mu replication. The resulting cosmids clones are packaged in-vivo into λ phage particles. Plasmids carrying a particular DNA sequence can be selectively recovered after infection of a new host with the in vivo constructed genomic cosmid library. This system was used succesfully to clone several E. coli genes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338096
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Investigations into the evolutionary history of the polyploid complexAntennaria neodioica (Asteraceae: Inuleae) (1985)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 150 (1985), S. 143-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Asteraceae ; Compositae ; Inuleae ; Antennaria ; Polyploidy ; compilospecies ; agamospermy ; dioecy ; agamic complex ; phenetics ; numerical taxonomy ; interspecific hybrids ; morphology ; origins
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract TheAntennaria neodioica polyploid agamic complex is a polymorphic species occurring across North America mainly north of the terminal margin of the Wisconsin glacier. This taxonomically difficult group has recently been treated as consisting of the four subspeciesA. neodioica subsp.canadensis, subsp.howellii, subsp.neodioica, and subsp.petaloidea. TheA. neodioica agamic complex has been considered of hybrid origin with several sexual diploid species constituting its parentage. Crosses were made among five sexual diploid species ofAntennaria, morphologically similar toA. neodioica s.l., in an attempt to discover its origins. Representative specimens of the five diploid species,A. neodioica s. l., and the synthetic interspecific F1 hybrids were subjected to various analyses including PCA, cluster (UPGMA), and discriminant analyses. Results suggest that theA. neodioica complex is of multiple hybrid origin involving the four diploid speciesA. neglecta, A. plantaginifolia, A. racemosa, andA. virginica. BecauseA. neodioica is the result of diverse origin it is more desirable to consider the agamic complex as a separate, distinct species from its sexual diploid relatives. Several morphological characters in the diploid species were determined to be polygenically inherited.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984192
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cosmos pollen ontogeny: A scanning electron microscope study (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 126 (1985), S. 91-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Cosmos bipinnatus ; Freeze-fracture ; Cytoplasmic maceration ; Pollen ontogeny ; Scanning electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Ontogenetic data concerning pollen not only clarifies the mode of deposition of the elaborate walls but has considerable functional and taxonomic relevance. Hitherto such studies have used optical or transmission electron microscopy but here a recently devised preparative technique has enabled pollen development inCosmos bipinnatus to be studied using the scanning electron microscope. The technique involves freeze-fracturing of osmium fixed, cryoprotected anthers, maceration in dilute osmium tetroxide, critical point drying, sputter coating and examination. The processes of pollen wall development can then be observed in three dimensions, an important aid to understanding the spatial relationships involved in the determination of ornamentation and apertures. Details of the pollen and tapetum are described at various stages between meiosis and anthesis. A close conformity is demonstrated between the results obtained and those of earlier transmission electron microscopic studies of the same and related species although very different interpretations are made.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01287676
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electroantennogram responses ofTrirhabda bacharides (weber) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to plant volatiles (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 767-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Host plant ; biological control of weeds ; Trirhabda bacharides ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; Compositae ; Baccharis ; green leaf volatiles ; plant odor ; electroantennogram ; olfaction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Electroantennograms (EAGs) were recorded fromTrirhabda bacharides Le Conte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) females to 28 odorants and volatiles emanating from leaves of 26 plant species including three known host plants,Baccharis halimifolia L.,B. neglecta Britt, andB. salicina T. & G. (Compositae: Asterae). Antennal receptors were highly responsive to components of the green leaf volatile complex, especially 6-carbon saturated and monounsaturated alcohols andtrans-2-hexenal. EAGs elicited by heptanal were greater than those elicited by any other saturated aldehyde. Oxygenated monoterpenes were more active than monoterpene hydrocarbons. β-Bisabolol was the most active sesquiterpene. In general, EAGs to volatiles emanating fromBaccharis and other composite species were greater than those elicited by species from other families. Furthermore, when one considers only plants occurring in the environs ofT bacharides hostB. neglecta, EAGs elicited by its host plant were at least two times greater than those elicited by other coinhabiting plants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988304
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning of the ribokinase gene of Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus in Staphylococcus carnosus (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 140 (1984), S. 218-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; Cloning ; Staphylococcus carnosus and S. hyicus subsp. hyicus ; Ribose degradation ; Ribokinase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A gene library with DNA of Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus was established in S. carnosus by using the plasmid vector pCT20. Two clones of S. carnosus were isolated which were able to ferment d-ribose. The two hybrid plasmids (pRib 1) and (pRib 2) were isolated and characterized. They contained inserted DNA fragments of S. hyicus subsp. hyicus with sizes of 10.2 and 8.2 kb, respectively. d-Ribose uptake and enzyme activities were studied. All strains tested [S. hyicus subsp. hyicus, S. carnosus (wild type) and the two S. carnosus clones] possessed an inducible uptake system for d-ribose. S. hyicus subsp. hyicus possessed in addition enzyme activities of d-ribokinase and d-ribose-5-P isomerase. None of these enzyme activities could be detected in S. carnosus (wildtype). Only in the S. carnosus clones containing (pRib 1) or (pRib 2) could a d-ribokinase activity be demonstrated, indicating that the gene for d-ribokinase of S. hyicus subsp. hyicus was cloned in S. carnosus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454931
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chromosome counts inCalea (Asteraceae-Heliantheae) (1984)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 144 (1984), S. 151-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Asteraceae-Heliantheae ; Calea ; Chromosome numbers ; polyploidy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Chromosome numbers are reported for six taxa ofCalea, among them tetraploidC. septuplinervia, the only known polyploid inCalea s. str. The base chromosome number ofCalea is interpreted as x = 19.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986673
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Beiträge zur Kenntnis der GattungCousinia (Compositae) in Afghanistan (1983)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 142 (1983), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Asteraceae ; Compositae ; Cousinia ; C. gigantoptera sp. n. ; C. acanthodendron sp. n. ; C. pseudactinia ; C. rudis ; C. tirinensis ; Flora of Afghanistan
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Cousinia gigantoptera Rech. f. &Podl., sp. n., described from the type collection from Takhar province, has a unique broadly winged stem and cannot be placed in any of the sections (sect.Racemosae?).—C. acanthodendron, described from the type collection from Samangan province, probably belongs to sect.Actinia and is related toC. pseudactinia andC. rudis.—ForC. pseudactinia, C. rudis, andC. tirinensis new records are given.—The descriptions ofC. rudis andC. tirinensis are completed and by that the placement of the latter within sect.Pugioniferae is confirmed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989599
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphological dispersal structures in relation to growth habit in theCompositae (1983)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 143 (1983), S. 1-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Dispersal ; pappus ; growth form: annuals ; biennials ; perennial herbs ; shrubs and trees ; weeds and non-weeds
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The relationship between gross morphological dispersal structures, growth habit, and weediness is reported for a worldwide sample of 5893 Compositae species from 18 regional floras. A significantly smaller percentage of annual species than perennial species has dispersal structures. Among species with dispersal structures, plumed types are more frequent in perennials while adhesive types are more frequent in annuals. Differences in the occurrence and nature of dispersal structures between perennial herbs, shrubs and trees were minor. Weeds are less likely to have well developed morphological dispersal structures than non-weeds. The data support the idea that dispersal in space may be more important for perennial or non-weedy plants than for annual and weedy plants.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984109
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Flavonoids and phylogenetic reconstruction (1983)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 143 (1983), S. 83-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiospermae ; Compositae ; Coreopsis ; Flavonoids ; chalcones ; chronistics ; cladistics ; patristics ; phenetics ; chemosystematics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Flavonoids have been used successfully for interpreting evolutionary relationships in many groups of angiosperms. These interpretations often have been presented in narrative fashion without specific indications of the kinds of relationships expressed. In this paper a method of phylogeny reconstruction with flavonoid data showing cladistic, patristic, and phenetic relationships is presented. Such a phylogram contains maximal information about flavonoid evolution. As an example, relationships in the North American species ofCoreopsis (Compositae), containing 46 species in 11 sections, are analyzed by this approach. A phylogeny of sections of the genus from previous morphological, chromosomal and hybridization data is compared with that from data on anthochlors (chalcones and aurones). Strong correspondence of these evolutionary interpretations gives support to the hypothesized evolutionary trends within the group.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984113
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reproductive relationships between annual species ofCalendula (Compositae) (1983)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 143 (1983), S. 311-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Angiosperms ; Compositae ; Calendula ; Selfing ; interspecific hybrids ; speciation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Breeding experiments were carried out inCalendula species. In the annuals, which are selfers, rarely some outcrossing was observed only in the most peripheral flowers. In experimental crosses fruit was produced in all combinations. Fertile F1 and F2 hybrids could be grown from crosses between parents with similar chromosome numbers:C. palaestina ×C. pachysperma and crosses of different morphological forms ofC. arvensis. In crosses of species with different chromosome numbers at least partly fertile F1 hybrids were obtained fromC. tripterocarpa ×C. stellata andC. tripterocarpa ×C. arvensis and crosses of the latter withC. palaestina. Fertile F2 plants were grown from the combination ofC. arvensis ×C. tripterocarpa. Considering this information and previously obtained data, a scheme is proposed for explaining speciation in the genusCalendula.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986612
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A functional interpretation ofLactuceae (Compositae) pollen (1982)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 141 (1982), S. 153-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Lactuceae ; Catananche ; Cichorium ; Epilasia ; Scorzonera ; Tragopogon ; Function ; harmomegathy ; palynology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Pollen morphology and ultrastructure inLactuceae pollen is considered in relation to the accomodation of volume changes, pollination biology and exine-held substances. Echinate pollen grains, such as those ofCatananche, are shown to accomodate volume changes by folding along the colpi and possibly by volume changes in the cavea. The different patterns of echinolophate pollen respond in different ways. Folding along the colpi is important inScorzonera andTragopogon and to a limited extent inCichorium andEpilasia whilst inScolymus the colpi are almost immobilized. Movements of the lacunar floors take over the harmomegathic function to compensate for lack of colpus mobility. Bulging of the intine at the apertures and changes in the size of the cavea may account for part of the volume change accomodated in any pollen type. Echinolophate pollen is interpreted as being a superior means of regulating volume changes with the most economical and mechanically efficient use of wall material which has evolved independently in several tribes ofCompositae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00986415
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloning and analysis of recombinant plasmids containing genes for Aspergillus nidulans 5 S rRNA (1981)
    Springer
    Current genetics 4 (1981), S. 173-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Aspergillus ; 5S rRNA ; Recombinant DNA ; Restriction Analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Genes coding for 5S rRNA were found to be dispersed in the Aspergillus nidulans genome. Three different recombinant plasmids hybridizing to 5S rRNA were isolated and their restriction enzyme maps were established.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420494
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies in the embryology ofHeliantheae (Compositae) (1981)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 137 (1981), S. 203-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Heliantheae ; Embryology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The embryology ofLagascea mollis, Zinnia angustifolia andGalinsoga parviflora has been studied. The anther archesporium is hypodermal and consists of a single row of 6–8 cells, there are two layers below the epidermis of the anther and a periplasmodial tapetum. Ripe pollen grains are tricolpate and 3-celled. The ovary contains a single ovule, but in a few cases ofGalinsoga parviflora two ovules have been found. The female archesporium is unicellular, but sometimes more than one archesporial cell occurs inLagascea mollis andZinnia angustifolia. The embryo sac development is of the Polygonum type, the synergids are hooked, antipodal cells show great variation. The endosperm development is cellular inGalinsoga parviflora and peripheral layer persists in the mature seed. The embryo development conforms to the Senecio variation of the Asterad type. The pericarp structure and cmbryological features support the disputed systematic position ofLagascea withinHeliantheae.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989874
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies onArtemisia afra Jacq.: The phloem in stem and leaf (1981)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 109 (1981), S. 217-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Anatomy ; Artemisia ; Cell wall composition ; Compositae ; Phloem ; Sieve element
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The structure of the phloem was studied in stem and leaf ofArtemisia afra Jacq., with particular attention being given to the sieve element walls. Both primary and secondary sieve elements of stem and midvein have nacreous walls, which persist in mature cells. Histochemical tests indicated that the sieve element wall layers contained some pectin. Sieve element wall layers lack lignin. Sieve elements of the minor veins (secondary and tertiary veins) lack nacreous thickening, although their walls may be relatively thick. These walls and those of contiguous transfer cells are rich in pectic substances. Transfer cell wall ingrowths are more highly developed in tertiary than in secondary veins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01287443
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Systematic implications of the flavonoids and chromosomes ofFlyriella (Compositae—Eupatorieae) (1981)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 137 (1981), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Eupatorieae ; Alomiinae ; Flyriella ; Brickellia andAlomia ; Flavonoids ; quercetin glycosides ; quercetin methyl ethers ; chemotaxonomy ; chromosome numbers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The leaves of five species ofFlyriella were found to contain from one to four glycosides of quercetin and its 4′- and 7,4′-methyl ethers. These patterns are distinct from those observed for more than seventy species ofBrickellia and support morphological and chromosomal data which indicate thatFlyriella should not be treated as an element ofBrickellia. Alternative treatments are briefly considered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982791
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Allelopathic potential ofPiqueria trinervia (Compositae) and piquerols A and B (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 7 (1981), S. 509-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Allelopathy ; Piqueria trinervia ; Compositae ; monoterpenes ; piquerol A ; piquerol B
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Bioassays were carried out to test extracts of roots and leaves ofPiqueria trinervia and solutions of piquerol A and B, in order to appraise their allelopathic potential. Leaves seem to have greater concentrations of inhibitory compounds than roots. Both piquerol compounds show strong biological activity, but piquerol A is the more active.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987699
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cloned ß-galactosidase gene of Escherichia coli is expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1980)
    Springer
    Current genetics 2 (1980), S. 109-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Schlagwort(e): Recombinant DNA ; 2 µm DNA ; Heterologous gene expression ; Eukaryotic host
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The expression of the lacZ gene of E. coli in S. cerevisiae has been studied. The enzymatic activity coded by the lacZ gene in E. coli, β-galactosidase, is detectable in yeast cells harboring a chimeric plasmid carrying the gene. On the basis of size and immunological criteria, no difference was detected between the Coli-in-yeast β-galactosidase and the E. coli enzyme.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00420622
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Beiträge zur Systematischen Anatomie derAsteraceae-Anthemideae: Die Trichome (1980)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 136 (1980), S. 169-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Asteraceae ; Anthemideae ; Achillea ; Anthemis ; Artemisia ; Chrysanthemum ; Matricaria ; etc. ; Systemical anatomy ; indumentum ; trichomes ; hair types
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Biseriate glandular trichomes and uniseriate flagellar covering hairs occur in all or most of the 20 genera examined and thus do not provide important taxonomical hints. In contrast, T- or Y-shaped hairs have been found inSantolina, Anthemis, Leucanthemopsis, Dendranthema, Tanacetum,Balsamita, Sphaeromeria (?),Artemisia, andAchillea clavenae only. Stellate hairs appear to be rare (inSantolina andArtemisia sect.Dracunculus). For details, additional hair types, and relationships see Tab.1 and Fig. 6.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01004625
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variability of the inflorescence ofMicroseris laciniata (Compositae: Cichorieae) (1979)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 131 (1979), S. 17-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Cichorieae ; Microseridinae ; Perennials ; variability ; inflorescence ; achenes ; phyllotaxis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Quantitative characters of the flowering head of a garden population ofMicroseris laciniata were scored during the second, third, and fourth season of growth. Number of achenes per head, number of phyllaries per head and the average number of pappus parts per achene in single heads show significant plant to plant variation. Achenes per head and pappus parts per achene were scored in identical plants in two subsequent seasons. The number of pappus parts per achene varies freely between five and ten. This contrasts with annual species ofMicroseris in which either five or ten pappus parts are found, depending on the species. In spite of a clear plant-specific average of pappus parts, both high and low pappus part determination can be demonstrated in all specimens. The number of pappus parts depends on the position of an achene on the receptacle, marginal achenes usually having fewer pappus parts than central ones. This gradient is not closely correlated with the position of an achene on the “genetic spiral”.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984120
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evolution of male sterility mechanisms in gynodioecious and dioecious species ofCirsium (Cynareae, Compositae) (1979)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 132 (1979), S. 327-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Schlagwort(e): Compositae ; Cynareae ; Cirsium ; Gynodioecy ; subdioecy ; dioecy ; male sterility ; sex ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The genusCirsium comprises both gynodioecious and dioecious species. The observation of microsporogenesis in female plants ofC. montanum, C. oleraceum, C. palustre andC. spinosissimum shows that the male sterility is due to a degeneration of the tapetum. This degeneration occurs more or less early according to the species and, in the light of these results, a scheme of evolution in the male sterility mechanism is proposed. Furthermore, the male sterility mechanism inC. montanum is very similar to that previously found in female plants of the dioecious speciesC. arvense. This fact enhances the possibility of evolution of the dioecy ofC. arvense from the gynodioecy found in other species. According to these results, a general scheme of evolution of sexes in the genusCirsium is proposed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982395
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