ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Dynamics of EAG responses to host-plant volatiles delivered by a gas chromatograph (1996)

Marion-Poll, Frédéric ; Thiéry, Denis

Springer

Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 120-123

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ISSN: 1570-7458

Keywords: electroantennography ; Lepidoptera ; plant odours ; Ostrinia nubilalis

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194740

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2

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Modulation of Flight Activity in Lobesia botrana Den. & Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Females Studied in a Wind Tunnel (1999)

Hurtrel, Beatrice ; Thiéry, Denis

Springer

Journal of insect behavior 12 (1999), S. 199-211

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ISSN: 1572-8889

Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Lobesia botrana ; flight activity ; wind tunnel ; atmospheric pressure ; flight experience ; mating ; age ; olfaction

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract We studied modulations of flight activity in European grapevine moth females (EGVM) by individual observations in a wind tunnel. The effect of different factors was analyzed: variation in atmospheric pressure prior to the experiments, time of day, first experience of flight, age, mating, and odor of tansy, which attracts females. The circadian flight activity showed a peak the hour preceding the onset of scotophase and sustained activity occurred during the 6 h around this peak. Females with a flight experience in the tunnel took off more quickly than naive ones (3.9 ± 7.4 vs 20.3 ± 22.8 s). Three-day-old unmated females subjected to negative variations of atmospheric pressure (10 hPa) during the 4 h prior to the experiments increased their duration of flight (12.1 ± 8.7 vs 5.3 ± 3.4 s) compared to those not subjected to variation. One-day-old females were less active than older ones; flight was shorter than in 2-day-old females (2.7 ± 6.7 vs 5.1 ± 9.5 s) and fewer of them took off (28 vs 63%). Mating also affected the flight activity of 2-day-old females; mated females flew longer than virgins (12 ± 16.8 vs 5.1 ± 9.5 s) and took off more quickly (6.5 ± 14.4 vs 19.3 ± 20.1 s). Tansy odor in the tunnel did not significantly affect the flight behavior of virgin females, but it increased the proportion of mated females that initiated flight (87 vs 70%) and duration of flight (11.2 ± 24.4 vs 7.2 ± 13.7 s), and it reduced the latency to takeoff (2.1 ± 7.4 vs 8.1 ± 19.1 s). Flight duration in tansy odor was inversely correlated with the total number of eggs laid during the female's whole life. Our experimental settings did not allow observation of movements directed toward the odor source.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020914800170

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3

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Non-host plant odor (Tanacetum vulgare; Asteracea) affects the reproductive behavior ofLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (1994)

Gabel, Bruno ; Thiéry, Denis

Springer

Journal of insect behavior 7 (1994), S. 149-157

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ISSN: 1572-8889

Keywords: Tanacetum vulgare ; Tansy ; Lobesia botrana ; European grapevine moth ; Asteracea ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; oviposition ; behavior ; nonhost plant ; semiochemicals ; plant odor ; olfaction

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Females ofLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) are attracted in natural conditions by volatiles released by a nonhost plant: tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.; Asteracea). We have shown that both tansy flowers and their odor inhibit oviposition behavior and mating behavior and reduce adult longevity. The mean number of eggs laid per female isolated with tansy flowers was reduced by up to 50% every 2 days during the 6 days of exposure. This reduction was maintained after the tansy was removed. In the presence of tansy essential oil, the egg-laying reduction ranged from about 30 to 80% according to the odor concentration. The number of spermatophores found in females isolated with tansy flowers was also reduced twofold compared to the control treatment, indicating that the presence of tansy reduced mating activity. This mating activity is strongly reduced, by two-thirds, when adults face the highest dose of essential oil compared to controls. The number of eggs laid by the controls cannot be explained by the number of spermatophores. Therefore, the reduction in oviposition has been attributed to the presence of tansy flowers or to the tansy odor. Tansy flowers and tansy odor increased male mortality during the exposure (10% in the control, 50% in the tansy treatment, and up to 98% in the odor treatment). The highest rates of male mortality occurred during the 4- to 6-day period of exposure to flowers or odor. Repellence resulting in sustained locomotor activity is a possible cause of such a mortality. Female mortality was increased only in response to the highest dose of odor. This increase might be due to egg retention, and not directly to a plant effect. We discuss the effects of tansy flower odor on different patterns relative to the reproductive behavior ofL. botrana and, especially, on oviposition behavior in the ecological context of plant selection and polyphagy.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01990077

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4

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Biological evidence of an oviposition-deterring pheromone inLobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) (1992)

Gabel, Bruno ; Thiéry, Denis

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 353-358

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Keywords: Pheromone ; oviposition-deterring pheromone ; oviposition ; Lobesia botrana ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Females of the European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff.) usually deposit isolated eggs on flowers and berries of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). We have investigated whether an epideictic pheromone could be present on the egg surface to explain this spacing behavior. About 21,000 eggs ofL. botrana were washed in cold methanol, and the biological activity was tested in a two-choice bioassay offering treated and nontreated areas. Different dilutions of the extract were tested in methanol, which was inactive alone. At the dose of four egg equivalents per microliter of extract, the number of eggs laid by theL. botrana females was reduced by as much as 57% on the treated areas compared to nontreated areas. A longer-term suppression of oviposition (at least 24 hr) following an exposure to the extract occurred for two doses (0.6 and 4.0 eggs/μl) of egg extract. Our results strongly suggest the occurrence of an oviposition-deterring pheromone (ODP) on the eggs ofL. botrana. The ecological value of these results is discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994236

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5

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Oviposition response ofLobesia botrana females to long-chain free fatty acids and esters from its eggs (1996)

Gabel, Bruno ; Thiéry, Denis

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 22 (1996), S. 161-171

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Keywords: Behavior ; Lobesia botrana ; oviposition ; insect ; Tortricid ; Lepidoptera ; fatty acids

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Avoidance of occupied ovisposition sites supposes that females perceive information related to their own progency. Fatty acids identified from egg extracts have been reevaluated using a different extraction method, and we have investigated the dose-dependent oviposition response of European grape vine moths (Lobesia botrana) to myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, and ethyl palmitate; all except ethyl palmitate have been identified from eggs ofL. botrana. A methylene dichloride extract of eggs fromL. botrana revealed the presence of saturated free fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, and stearic) and unsaturated acids (palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic) in amounts ranging from 3.9 ng/egg equivalent for myristic acid to 30 ng/egg equivalent for palmitic and oleic acids. The extract also contained traces of methyl palmitate and methyl stearate. The greatest avoidance indexes were observed in response to palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids. All the other compounds tested caused weaker responses. A reduction in the number of eggs laid was observed when moths were exposed to each of the esters applied at 0.3 µg per application spot. Reduction in eggs laid was also observed at a 10-fold higher dose of oleic acid. The present results confirm that general and simple molecules can be involved in the regulation of oviposition site selection and that they may participate in chemical marking of the eggs.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02040207

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6

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Sunflower aroma detection by the honeybee (1990)

Thiery, Denis ; Bluet, Jean Manuel ; Pham-Delègue, Minh -Ha ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 701-711

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Keywords: Insect-plant relationships ; olfaction ; honeybee ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; sunflower ; allelochemicals ; coupling GC-EAG

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Combined electrophysiological recordings (EAG) and gas chromatographic separation were performed in order to investigate which volatile chemical components of a sunflower extract could be detected by honeybee workers and thus are likely to trigger the foraging behavior. A direct coupling device allowed for the stimulation of the antennal receptors with individual constituents of a polar fraction of the flower aroma shown to be attractive to bees. More than 100 compounds were separated from the extract. Twenty-four compounds elicited clear EAG responses. These compounds were identified by mass spectrometry (electronic impact and chemical ionisation). Both short- and long-chain aliphatic alcohols, one short-chain aliphatic aldehyde, one acid, two esters, and terpenic compounds were found to stimulate the antennal receptors. Six compounds identified in previous behavioral experiments were found to exhibit EAG activity. The chemicals screened by this method may be used for recognition of the plant odor and the selective behavior of honeybees.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01016481

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7

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To penetrate or not to penetrate? A behavioral choice by bean beetle first-instar larvae in response toPhaseolus vulgaris seed surface quality (1994)

Thiéry, Denis ; Jarry, Marc ; Pouzat, Jean

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 1867-1875

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Keywords: Coleoptera ; Bruchidae ; Acanthoscelides obtectus ; Fabacea ; seed coat ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; taste ; insect-plant relationships ; behavior

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Survival ofAcanthoscelides obtectus larvae depends on the ability of the first instar to pierce the seed coat ofPhaseolus vulgaris, which represents a critical sequence because of physical characteristics and toxicity. We have investigated the influence of seed surface quality on larval boring behavior by the usual method of surface washing with different solvents, or by removing the testa, or by coating the testa with a polymer spray. Observations were made on isolated larvae in no-choice and dual-choice bioassays. In the no-choice situation, larval penetration was reduced after seed coats were soaked with chloroform, whereas water, diethyl ether, or methanol had no significant effect. The ratio of boring attempts to successful penetrations was increased on seeds washed with chloroform. In the dual-choice situation, larvae avoided artificially coated seeds and preferred untreated seeds over those washed with chloroform or methanol. These results indicate that boring stimulants exist on the seed coat and that they are removed by chloroform and methanol or made inaccessible by artificial coating. The high mortality of first instars on seeds washed with these two solvents is attributed to a lack of chemicals necessary to initiate and sustain boring behavior, causing larval stress, possibly due to prolonged locomotory activity and starvation. Thus, seed coat quality may influence the population dynamics ofA. obtectus.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02066228

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8

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Floral volatiles ofTanacetum vulgare L. attractive toLobesia botrana den. et schiff. females (1992)

Gabel, Bruno ; Thiéry, Denis ; Suchy, Vaclav ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 693-701

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Keywords: Lobesia botrana ; Vitis vinifera ; Tanacetum vulgare ; tansy ; grapevine ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Compositae ; plant-insect relationships ; olfaction ; allelochemicals ; terpenoids ; coupling GC-EAG

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract The European grapevine moth (EGVM),Lobesia botrana, is a major pest of grapes in Europe. Females are attracted to a nonhost plant: tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.), which is a common weed in Slovakian vineyards. A steam distillate extract of tansy flowers was analyzed by means of a GC-EAG technique to screen constituents detected by the olfactory receptors of EGVM females. From more than 200 GC peaks, nine peaks corresponding to monoterpenoids released an EAG response in more than 70% of the females (N=15):p-cymene,d-limonene,α-thujene,α-thujone,β-thujone, thujyl alcohol, terpinene-4-ol, (Z)-verbenol, and piperitone. The steam distillate of tansy as well as a synthetic blend of identified compounds released consistent attraction in a field cage. The use of nonhost plants and host plant odors in integrated pest management is discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994607

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9

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Egg dispersion in codling moth: Influence of egg extract and of its fatty acid constituents (1995)

Thiéry, Denis ; Gabel, Bruno ; Farkas, Pavel ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 2015-2026

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Keywords: Behavior ; Cydia pomonella ; oviposition ; pheromone ; synomone ; insect ; offspring dispersion ; fatty acids ; egg age ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Codling moth females (Cydia pomonella, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (CM) usually lay single eggs and have a tendency to disperse. In a first experiment we observed that single females exposed to 20 apples distribute their eggs regularly among apples, suggesting a dispersive oviposition behavior. In a dual-choice situation, isolated females avoided oviposition on areas of cardboard treated with a methylene dichloride egg extract at the dose of ca. 1.0 egg equivalent/cm2. A strong avoidance was obtained in response to a 20-fold dose, which was accompanied by a significant reduction of total oviposition. Seven major compounds found by GC analyses in the methylene dichloride extract of 2 to 3-day-old eggs were saturated or unsaturated C14-C18 straight-chain fatty acids: myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. This was confirmed by GC-MS analysis of an extract made by ethyl ether. Smaller amounts of three methyl esters were also identified as methyl myristate, methyl palmitate, and methyl stearate. A blend of the seven fatty acids (FA) mimicked rather well the avoidance provoked by the extract, and this avoidance was confirmed by choice between treated and untreated fruits by single females. The treatment of apples with the 7FA mixture induced an aggregative distribution of the eggs among apples. We also found that the amounts of fatty acids harvested in the extract depend on the egg age. Amounts of fatty acids increased until eggs were 4 days old and then decreased before hatching. In this paper we discuss the possible role of simple molecules, such as fatty acids and their esters, as semiochemicals indicative of juvenile tissues.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033859

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