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  • Cells, Cultured  (205)
  • Pregnancy  (147)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • Chemical Engineering
  • General Chemistry
  • Physics
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (351)
  • 1980-1984  (351)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1930-1934
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  • 1
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    Heterogeneity of normal human diploid fibroblasts: isolation and characterization of one phenotype (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-13
    Description: Cultures of human diploid fibroblasts contain cells that respond to exposure to the first component of complement (C1) by initiating DNA synthesis and growth. The plasma membranes of these cells have specific binding sites for the C1q subcomponent of C1. A fluorescence-activated cell sorter was used to isolate a subset of cells with a high affinity for C1q, and the growth and synthesis activities of these high-affinity cells were studied after numerous replications in vitro. These cells synthesize DNA and grow faster than the parent cultures and low-affinity cells, and they produce two to three times as much protein. About 40 percent of their total protein synthesis activity is directed to collagen production, unusually high proportions of collagen types III and V being produced. These properties and the high affinity of the cells for C1q are retained for at least six cell transfers. This phenotype has the properties expected of fibroblasts in healing wounds and inflamed tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bordin, S -- Page, R C -- Narayanan, A S -- DE-02600/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- DE-03301/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 13;223(4632):171-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6691142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Antigens, CD44 ; Carrier Proteins ; Cell Division ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen/*biosynthesis/classification ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; Fibroblasts/analysis/cytology/*physiology ; Flow Cytometry ; Gingiva ; Humans ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; Phenotype ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Receptors, Complement/*analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Cell biology of synaptic plasticity (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-21
    Description: The nervous system of mammals retains throughout the animals' life-span the ability to modify the number, nature, and level of activity of its synapses. Synaptic plasticity is most evident after injury to the nervous system, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms that make it possible are beginning to be understood. Transplantation of brain tissue provides a powerful approach for studying mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. In turn, understanding the response of the central nervous system to injury can be used to optimize transplant survival and integration with the host brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cotman, C W -- Nieto-Sampedro, M -- AG 00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH 19691/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 21;225(4668):1287-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Brain/*growth & development/*physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology/transplantation ; Denervation ; Female ; Humans ; Nerve Regeneration ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Peripheral Nerves/physiology ; Pregnancy ; Synapses/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Test-tube embryology in the dock (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickson, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 10;225(4662):606.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6740327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Embryo Research ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; *Government Regulation ; Great Britain ; Humans ; *Legislation, Medical ; Oocyte Donation ; Pregnancy ; special license be required for all embryo experimentation and that any ; unlicensed research be considered a criminal offense. Regulation would be by a ; new statutory body responsible for monitoring in vitro fertilization research and ; various types of fertility treatments. Surrogate motherhood would be prohibited. ; Reservations expressed by professional groups as well as by some committee ; members about the restrictions reflect legal and social problems surrounding the ; uses of human embryos.
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    A novel nuclear form of estradiol receptor in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-14
    Description: Nuclear estrogen receptor from MCF-7 cells undergoes a time-dependent, hormone-inducible transformation to a form that is less extractable from nuclei and less exchangeable with ligand. This receptor-modifying, intranuclear event is independent of receptor loss (processing) and appears associated with hormone responsiveness (progesterone-receptor induction) in these cells. The magnitude of receptor loss, however, is variable and apparently not a prerequisite for hormone action to induce progesterone receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kasid, A -- Strobl, J S -- Huff, K -- Greene, G L -- Lippman, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 14;225(4667):1162-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/*metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Humans ; Receptors, Estradiol ; Receptors, Estrogen/*metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/biosynthesis ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Frequent detection and isolation of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and at risk for AIDS (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-04
    Description: Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently precede AIDS (pre-AIDS) were grown in vitro with added T-cell growth factor and assayed for the expression and release of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV). Retroviruses belonging to the HTLV family and collectively designated HTLV-III were isolated from a total of 48 subjects including 18 of 21 patients wih pre-AIDS, three of four clinically normal mothers of juveniles with AIDS, 26 of 72 adult and juvenile patients with AIDS, and from one of 22 normal male homosexual subjects. No HTLV-III was detected in or isolated from 115 normal heterosexual subjects. The number of HTLV-III isolates reported here underestimates the true prevalence of the virus since many specimens were received in unsatisfactory condition. Other data show that serum samples from a high proportion of AIDS patients contain antibodies to HTLV-III. That these new isolates are members of the HTLV family but differ from the previous isolates known as HTLV-I and HTLV-II is indicated by their morphological, biological, and immunological characteristics. These results and those reported elsewhere in this issue suggest that HTLV-III may be the primary cause of AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gallo, R C -- Salahuddin, S Z -- Popovic, M -- Shearer, G M -- Kaplan, M -- Haynes, B F -- Palker, T J -- Redfield, R -- Oleske, J -- Safai, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 4;224(4648):500-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood/*microbiology ; Adult ; Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/*isolation & purification/physiology/ultrastructure ; Female ; Homosexuality ; Humans ; Immune Sera/pharmacology ; Interferon Type I/immunology ; Male ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Risk ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology
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  • 6
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    Mating and pregnancy can occur in genetically hypogonadal mice with preoptic area brain grafts (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Adult female hypogonadal mice, in whom hypogonadism is secondary to a genetic deficiency in hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), are infertile. Mating, pregnancy, and delivery of healthy litters were achieved after transplantation of normal fetal preoptic area tissue, a major site of GnRH-containing cell bodies, into the third ventricle of adult female hypogonadal mice. Immunocytochemistry revealed GnRH-containing neurons in the grafts and GnRH-containing processes extending to the lateral median eminence of the host brains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibson, M J -- Krieger, D T -- Charlton, H M -- Zimmerman, E A -- Silverman, A J -- Perlow, M J -- 1RO1NS20335/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):949-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Cerebral Ventricles/pathology ; *Copulation ; Female ; Hypogonadism/genetics/pathology/*physiopathology ; Infertility, Female/etiology/*therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons/analysis ; Ovulation ; Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones/analysis/*deficiency ; Pregnancy ; Preoptic Area/*transplantation ; *Reproduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Isolation and culture of a tetraploid subpopulation of smooth muscle cells from the normal rat aorta (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: Smooth muscle cells with 4C (double diploid) DNA content have been found in major arteries. The proportion of 4C cells increases with normal aging and with hypertension. These cells may represent a state of arrest at the G2 phase of the cell cycle or may be examples of true tetraploidy. Flow cytometric cell sorting was used to isolate 4C smooth muscle cells from the rat aorta, and the cells were cultured. Flow cytometry, Feulgen microdensitometry, and karyotyping of the progeny of the 4C cells established the presence of true tetraploid cells. These findings demonstrate the presence of reproductively viable tetraploid cells in a normal mammalian tissue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldberg, I D -- Rosen, E M -- Shapiro, H M -- Zoller, L C -- Myrick, K -- Levenson, S E -- Christenson, L -- 5-P01-CA-12662/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- AG00599/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):559-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic/analysis/*cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/analysis ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/analysis/*cytology ; *Polyploidy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Reversal of knob formation on Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-05
    Description: The human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum can produce surface protrusions (knobs) on infected erythrocytes; however, long-term culturing of the parasite results in the appearance of knobless cells. In this study it was found that a knob-producing clone lost the ability to produce knobs in vitro. Furthermore, a clone not producing knobs derived from the knob-producing clone regained the capacity to produce knobby cells in vitro. Certain parasite proteins were associated with the knobby phenotype but not with the knobless type. These results indicate that the parasites change in vitro in a spontaneous and reversible manner independent of immunological selection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gritzmacher, C A -- Reese, R T -- AI 18695/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DRR 00833/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):65-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells ; Erythrocytes/*parasitology/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plasmodium falciparum/analysis/genetics/growth & development/*physiology ; Proteins/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Studying learning in the womb (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 20;225(4659):302-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6740312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Learning/*physiology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Serotonin selectively inhibits growth cone motility and synaptogenesis of specific identified neurons (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: The motile activity of growth cones of specific identified neurons is inhibited by the neurotransmitter serotonin, although other identified neurons are unaffected. As a consequence, affected neurons are unable to form electrical synapses, whereas other neurons whose growth is unaffected can still interconnect. This result demonstrates that neurotransmitters can play a prominent role in regulating neuronal architecture and connectivity in addition to their classical role in neurotransmission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haydon, P G -- McCobb, D P -- Kater, S B -- HD18577/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS15350/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS18819/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):561-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animal Population Groups ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Neurons/*drug effects/growth & development ; Serotonin/*pharmacology ; Snails ; Synapses/*drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Monoclonal antibody to Thy-1 enhances regeneration of processes by rat retinal ganglion cells in culture (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-20
    Description: Ganglion cells were dissociated from postnatal rat retinas, identified by specific fluorescent labels, and maintained in culture on a variety of substrates. Regeneration of processes by retinal ganglion cells was enhanced when the cells were plated on glass coated with a monoclonal antibody against the Thy-1 determinant. Plain glass and glass coated with polylysine, collagen, fibronectin, or other monoclonal antibodies supported the growth of neural processes, but were less effective than antibody to Thy-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leifer, D -- Lipton, S A -- Barnstable, C J -- Masland, R H -- EY01075/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY03735/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY04179/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 20;224(4646):303-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6143400" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*physiology ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Antigens, Thy-1 ; Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Isoantibodies/*physiology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Polylysine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Retina/cytology/*physiology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Isolation of lymphocytopathic retroviruses from San Francisco patients with AIDS (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-24
    Description: Infectious retroviruses have been detected in 22 of 45 randomly selected patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in other individuals from San Francisco. The AIDS-associated retroviruses (ARV) studied in detail had a type D morphology, Mg2+-dependent reverse transcriptase, and cytopathic effects on lymphocytes. The viruses can be propagated in an established adult human T cell line, HUT-78. They cross-react with antiserum to the lymphadenopathy-associated retrovirus isolated from AIDS patients in France. Antibodies to ARV were found in all 86 AIDS patients and in a high percentage of 88 other homosexual men in San Francisco. This observation indicates the widespread presence of these lymphocytopathic retroviruses and their close association with AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, J A -- Hoffman, A D -- Kramer, S M -- Landis, J A -- Shimabukuro, J M -- Oshiro, L S -- CA-34980/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 24;225(4664):840-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6206563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/*microbiology ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Bone Marrow/microbiology ; California ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cross Reactions ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology/*isolation & purification/physiology/ultrastructure ; *Homosexuality ; Humans ; Leukocytes/microbiology ; Lymphatic Diseases/immunology ; Male ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Syndrome ; T-Lymphocytes ; Virus Cultivation
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  • 13
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    Time-varying magnetic fields: effect on DNA synthesis (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-24
    Description: Human fibroblasts have exhibited enhanced DNA synthesis when exposed to sinusoidally varying magnetic fields for a wide range of frequencies (15 hertz to 4 kilohertz) and amplitudes (2.3 X 10(-6) to 5.6 X 10(-4) tesla). This effect, which is at maximum during the middle of the S phase of the cell cycle, appears to be independent of the time derivative of the magnetic field, suggesting an underlying mechanism other than Faraday's law. The threshold is estimated to be between 0.5 X 10(-5) and 2.5 X 10(-5) tesla per second. These results bring into question the allegedly specific magnetic wave shapes now used in therapeutic devices for bone nonunion. The range of magnetic field amplitudes tested encompass the geomagnetic field, suggesting the possibility of mutagenic interactions directly arising from short-term changes in the earth's field.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liboff, A R -- Williams, T Jr -- Strong, D M -- Wistar, R Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 24;223(4638):818-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; *Magnetics ; Mutation ; Periodicity
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  • 14
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    Sequential interaction of glia maturation factor with insulin (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-30
    Description: Astroblasts in culture proliferated when exposed to glia maturation factor for at least 2 hours and then to insulin, but not when exposed in the reverse order. The sequential relation suggests that glia maturation factor is a competence factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lim, R -- Miller, J F -- CA-31796/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 30;223(4643):1419-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6367047" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astrocytes/drug effects/physiology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Interactions ; Glia Maturation Factor ; Growth Substances/*pharmacology/physiology ; Insulin/*pharmacology/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*pharmacology/physiology ; Rats
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  • 15
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    Voltage-dependent calcium channels in glial cells (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-14
    Description: The electrophysiological properties of glial cells were examined in primary culture in the presence of tetraethylammonium and Ba2+, a treatment that reduces K+ permeability of the membrane and enhances currents through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Under these conditions, glial cells showed both spontaneous action potentials and action potentials evoked by the injections of current. These responses appear to represent entry of Ba2+ through Ca2+ channels because they were resistant to tetrodotoxin but were blocked by Mn2+ or Cd2+.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacVicar, B A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 14;226(4680):1345-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095454" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Barium/pharmacology ; Cadmium/pharmacology ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Evoked Potentials ; Ion Channels/*physiology ; Microelectrodes ; Neuroglia/*physiology ; Tetraethylammonium Compounds/pharmacology ; Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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  • 16
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    Prenatal exposure to carbon monoxide: learning and memory deficits (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-27
    Description: Exposing pregnant rats to carbon monoxide (150 parts per million) produced only minor reductions in the birth weights of the pups and gave no evidence of overt teratogenesis. However, behavioral evaluation of learning and memory processes in a two-way avoidance task suggested a functional deficit in the central nervous system of the exposed offspring. Multiple dependent measures and specific control groups confirmed that this deficit was independent of nonassociative or motivational alterations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mactutus, C F -- Fechter, L D -- ES 01589/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES 07094/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 27;223(4634):409-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6691152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects ; Birth Weight/drug effects ; Carbon Monoxide/*toxicity ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Female ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Pregnancy ; *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Beta-adrenergic mechanism of insulin-induced adrenocorticotropin release from the anterior pituitary (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-30
    Description: Intraperitoneal administration of insulin to control rats and to rats with pituitary stalk transections or with lesions of the median eminence resulted in increased plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) levels. The insulin-induced stimulation of ACTH release was blocked in both the control and lesioned animals by prior treatment with either the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol or the glucocorticoid analog dexamethasone. The direct application of insulin to primary cultures of the anterior pituitary did not evoke ACTH release or affect the maximal ability of corticotropin-releasing factor or epinephrine to stimulate ACTH secretion. The results suggest that insulin stimulates ACTH release by a mechanism in which catecholamines of peripheral origin act directly on the anterior pituitary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mezey, E -- Reisine, T D -- Brownstein, M J -- Palkovits, M -- Axelrod, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 30;226(4678):1085-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood/*secretion ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Median Eminence/physiology ; Pituitary Gland/physiology ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/drug effects/*secretion ; Propranolol/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Human colon cells: culture and in vitro transformation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-29
    Description: Normal human colon mucosal epithelial cells were cultured in vitro and treated with the oncogenic simian DNA virus (SV40) and the chemical carcinogen azoxymethane. Both SV40 and azoxymethane altered a number of phenotypic characteristics of the normal human colon cells, including their morphology, culture longevity, growth in soft agar, substrate adherence, and peanut agglutinin binding. The SV40 transformants synthesized intranuclear T antigen. These data indicate that normal human colon mucosal cells were transformed toward the malignant phenotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moyer, M P -- Aust, J B -- RRO5654/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 29;224(4656):1445-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Viral, Tumor/metabolism ; Azoxymethane/pharmacology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Colon/*cytology/drug effects ; Colonic Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Humans ; Lectins/pharmacology ; Simian virus 40/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Adaptive response of human lymphocytes to low concentrations of radioactive thymidine (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: When human lymphocytes were cultured with [3H]thymidine, which acts as a source of low-level chronic radiation, and then exposed to 150 rad of x-rays at 5, 7, 9, or 11 hours before fixation, the yield of chromatid aberrations was less than the sum of the yields of aberrations induced by [3H]thymidine and x-rays separately. Often fewer aberrations were found after exposure to radiation from both sources than were found after exposure to x-rays alone. At the same fixation times, nonradioactive thymidine did not affect the yield of x-ray-induced aberrations. The same phenomenon occurred at earlier fixation times, after exposure to 30 or 40 rad of x-rays and [3H]thymidine. This response is analogous to the adaptive response to alkylating agents whereby prior treatment with small doses for a long period reduces the damage occurring from large doses of similar agents given for a short time.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Olivieri, G -- Bodycote, J -- Wolff, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):594-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Deletion ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/drug effects/physiology/*radiation effects ; Metaphase/drug effects/radiation effects ; Thymidine/*toxicity ; Tritium
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Lymphokine production by cultured human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus-I (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: Cell-free conditioned media from human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV-I) were tested for the production of soluble biologically active factors, including several known lymphokines. The cell lines used were established from patients with T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and from human umbilical cord blood and bone marrow leukocytes transformed by HTLV-I in vitro. All of the cell lines liberated constitutively one or more of the 12 biological activities assayed. These included macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF), leukocyte migration enhancing factor (MEF), macrophage activating factor (MAF), differentiation inducing factor (DIF), colony stimulating factor (CSF), eosinophil growth and maturation activity (eos. GMA), fibroblast activating factor (FAF), gamma-interferon and, in rare instances, T-cell growth factor (TCGF). Some cell lines produced interleukin 3 (IL-3), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), or B-cell growth factors (BCGF). Such cells should prove useful for the production of lymphokines and as sources of specific messenger RNA's for their genetic cloning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Salahuddin, S Z -- Markham, P D -- Lindner, S G -- Gootenberg, J -- Popovic, M -- Hemmi, H -- Sarin, P S -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):703-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Neoplasm/analysis ; Bone Marrow ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia/*microbiology ; Lymphokines/*biosynthesis ; Lymphoma/*microbiology ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    Benzodiazepine receptor synthesis and degradation by neurons in culture (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: The benzodiazepine-gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor complex was used to study functional receptor synthesis and degradation in primary cultures of neurons. Fifty percent of the receptors turned over with an unusually rapid half-life (4 hours); this was followed by a second, slower phase (32 hours). These results provide the basis for elucidating the mechanism by which neurons derived from the central nervous system control neurotransmitter receptor number, an important problem in cellular neurobiology. The findings may be of significance in the study of neurological and psychiatric disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borden, L A -- Czajkowski, C -- Chan, C Y -- Farb, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):857-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Flunitrazepam/metabolism ; Half-Life ; Kinetics ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Spinal Cord/cytology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology
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  • 22
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    Expression of the c-fos gene and of an fos-related gene is stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-30
    Description: Complementary DNA clones of genes induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in BALB/c-3T3 cells were isolated; one such clone contains a domain having nucleotide sequence homology with the third exon of c-fos. This nucleotide sequence homology is reflected in the predicted amino acid sequences of the gene products. Under low stringency conditions, the mouse v-fos gene cross-hybridizes with the PDGF-inducible complementary DNA clone. However, the messenger RNA transcripts of mouse c-fos and the new fos-related gene can be distinguished by gel electrophoresis and by S1 nuclease analysis. Expression of the authentic c-fos gene is induced by PDGF and superinduced by the combination of PDGF and cycloheximide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cochran, B H -- Zullo, J -- Verma, I M -- Stiles, C D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 30;226(4678):1080-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Endonucleases ; Genes/drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Oncogenes/*drug effects ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Single-Strand Specific DNA and RNA Endonucleases ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Complete development of Cryptosporidium in cell culture (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: Protozoan parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium cause a short-term, flu-like, gastrointestinal illness in immunocompetent persons and severe, persistent, life-threatening diarrhea in immunodeficient individuals. No effective therapy is available for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in the immunodeficient host. Complete development (from sporozoite to sporulated oocyst) of a human isolate of Cryptosporidium was achieved in cultured human fetal lung cells and primary chicken kidney and porcine kidney cells. The growth of this newly recognized zoonotic agent in cell culture now provides a means of studying its behavior, development, and metabolism, and a mechanism for evaluation of potentially useful therapeutic agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Current, W L -- Haynes, T B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):603-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6710159" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Coccidia/*growth & development ; Coccidiosis/etiology/parasitology ; Culture Media ; Humans ; Mice
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  • 24
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    Homologous recombination catalyzed by mammalian cell extracts in vitro (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: An assay was developed to detect recombination events taking place in an in vitro reaction. Extracts of cultured mouse preB lymphocytes were found to catalyze homologous recombination between substrate DNA molecules but not site-specific recombination between cloned mouse immunoglobulin D and J genes. Addition of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates increased the frequency of homologous recombination. This recombination activity was not observed in two differentiated lymphocyte cell lines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Darby, V -- Blattner, F -- AI19325/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1213-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6334360" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Cells, Cultured ; Crossing Over, Genetic ; DNA, Viral ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics ; Mice ; Mutation ; Nucleoproteins/genetics ; *Recombination, Genetic
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  • 25
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    Coexistence of acetylcholinesterase and somatostatin-immunoreactivity in neurons cultured from rat cerebrum (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-06
    Description: Cultures derived from rat cerebral hemispheres were sequentially stained for acetylcholinesterase activity and for either somatostatin-like immunoreactivity or cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity. Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was found to coexist with acetylcholinesterase activity in individual neurons of several morphological subtypes, but cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity and acetycholinesterase activity were never seen in the same neurons. These findings suggest a specific anatomical association, perhaps even an overlap, of the cholinergic and somatostatinergic systems in the mammalian cerebrum, and indicate that the combined deficiencies of somatostatin and cholinergic markers in Alzheimer's dementia and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type may be of pathophysiological importance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Delfs, J R -- Zhu, C H -- Dichter, M A -- HD06276/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS00608/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15362/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 6;223(4631):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6140757" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase/*metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*cytology/enzymology ; Brain Chemistry ; Cells, Cultured ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Neurons/*analysis/enzymology ; Rats ; Sincalide/analysis ; Somatostatin/*analysis
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  • 26
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    VA study of twins may be canceled (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):521.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6387909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/adverse effects ; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/adverse effects ; Combat Disorders/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/adverse effects ; *Twins/psychology ; United States ; *United States Department of Veterans Affairs ; *Veterans ; Vietnam
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  • 27
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    Human chorionic gonadotropin secreted by preimplantation embryos cultured in vitro (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-24
    Description: Human oocytes were collected by laparoscopy and fertilized and cultured in vitro. Human chorionic gonadotropin was detected in the medium surrounding two embryos cultured for more than 7 days after fertilization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishel, S B -- Edwards, R G -- Evans, C J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 24;223(4638):816-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6546453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blastocyst/*physiology ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/*secretion ; *Embryonic Development ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Trophoblasts/physiology
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  • 28
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    Antigenic similarity between cells transformed by ultraviolet radiation in vitro and in vivo (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: Cells of the 10T 1/2 mouse fibroblast line transformed in vitro by ultraviolet radiation are antigenically similar to those from skin cancers produced in mice by repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Both types of tumor cells grew preferentially in ultraviolet-irradiated syngeneic mice relative to untreated animals, and both were recognized by ultraviolet radiation-induced tumor-specific suppressor lymphocytes. These properties were not shared by 10T 1/2 cells transformed in vitro by x-rays or 3-methylcholanthrene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fisher, M S -- Kripke, M L -- Chan, G L -- CA-09078/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-11751/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- N01-CO-23909/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):593-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*analysis ; Carcinogens ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Transplantation, Isogeneic ; *Ultraviolet Rays
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  • 29
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    Activation of a c-K-ras oncogene by somatic mutation in mouse lymphomas induced by gamma radiation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-14
    Description: Mouse tumors induced by gamma radiation are a useful model system for oncogenesis. DNA from such tumors contains an activated K-ras oncogene that can transform NIH 3T3 cells. This report describes the cloning of a fragment of the mouse K-ras oncogene containing the first exon from both a transformant in rat-2 cells and the brain of the same mouse that developed the tumor. Hybrid constructs containing one of the two pieces were made and only the plasmid including the first exon from the transformant gave rise to foci in NIH 3T3 cells. There was only a single base difference (G----A) in the exonic sequence, which changed glycine to aspartic acid in the transformant. By use of a synthetic oligonucleotide the presence of the mutation was demonstrated in the original tumor, ruling out modifications during DNA-mediated gene transfer and indicating that the alteration was present in the thymic lymphoma but absent from other nonmalignant tissue. The results are compatible with gamma radiation being a source of point mutations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guerrero, I -- Villasante, A -- Corces, V -- Pellicer, A -- CA-36327/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- GM-32036/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 14;225(4667):1159-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gamma Rays ; Lymphoma/*genetics ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; Rats
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  • 30
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    VA to study twins (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 16;223(4641):1157.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6367037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Combat Disorders/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Military Medicine ; Pregnancy ; *Twins ; United States ; United States Department of Veterans Affairs ; *Veterans ; Vietnam ; *Warfare
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  • 31
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    Perinatal dopamine-related drugs demasculinize rats (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-01
    Description: Administration of haloperidol, a common neuroleptic, to pregnant or lactating rats impaired the masculine sex behavior of their male offspring. Prenatal haloperidol did not affect testosterone concentrations in fetuses. Maternal administration of apomorphine, a dopamine agonist, and of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, an inhibitor of dopamine synthesis, also demasculinized male offspring. In both experiments other behaviors and developmental milestones were unaffected. Perinatal haloperidol, apomorphine, and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine did not lower testosterone in adulthood. These drugs may act directly on neurons that control masculine behavior without lowering testosterone prenatally or in adulthood.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hull, E M -- Nishita, J K -- Bitran, D -- Dalterio, S -- 2S07RR0706618/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- HD 16329/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH 3593901/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 1;224(4652):1011-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Ejaculation/drug effects ; Female ; Haloperidol/*pharmacology ; Male ; Methyltyrosines/pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*drug effects/physiology ; Testosterone/blood
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  • 32
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    Phosphorylation events during Mullerian duct regression (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: Regression of the fetal rat Mullerian duct in vitro was stimulated by sodium fluoride in the absence of Mullerian inhibiting substance. The action of Mullerian inhibiting substance was inhibited by sodium vanadate, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, and several related nucleotides in the presence of manganese ions. Epidermal growth factor specifically inhibited the substance, but only with manganese ions present. Insulin, platelet-derived growth factor, and nerve growth factor had no effect. These results suggest that dephosphorylation of membrane proteins mediates the action of Mullerian inhibiting substance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hutson, J M -- Fallat, M E -- Kamagata, S -- Donahoe, P K -- Budzik, G P -- CA-17393/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):586-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6607531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; Cations, Divalent ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Female ; *Glycoproteins ; *Growth Inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mullerian Ducts/drug effects/*physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Sodium Fluoride/pharmacology ; Testicular Hormones/*physiology ; Vanadates ; Vanadium/pharmacology
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    Inhibition of human estrogen synthetase (aromatase) by flavones (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-07
    Description: Several naturally occurring and synthetic flavones were found to inhibit the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone to estrogens catalyzed by human placental and ovarian microsomes. These flavones include (in order of decreasing potency) 7,8-benzoflavone, chrysin, apigenin, flavone, flavanone, and quercetin; 5,6-benzoflavone was not inhibitory. 7,8-Benzoflavone and chrysin were potent competitive inhibitors and induced spectral changes in the aromatase cytochrome P-450 indicative of substrate displacement. Flavones may thus compete with steroids in their interaction with certain monooxygenases and thereby alter steroid hormone metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kellis, J T Jr -- Vickery, L E -- AM1005/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 7;225(4666):1032-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androstenedione/*metabolism ; *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Benzoflavones/metabolism/pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; Binding, Competitive ; Female ; Flavonoids/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Ovary/*enzymology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/*enzymology ; Pregnancy ; Testosterone/*metabolism ; beta-Naphthoflavone
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    Differential development of two classes of acetylcholine receptors in Xenopus muscle in culture (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-05
    Description: Physiological properties of acetylcholine receptors on muscle cells at very early stages of ontogeny were compared with those of cells at later stages. Two changes were observed that contributed to an overall shortening of the mean open time of single-channels. First, there was a shift in the relative proportions of two receptor types with different conductances and mean open times, such that the contribution of receptors with large conductance and short open time increased as development proceeded. Second, there was a sharp reduction in the mean open time of channels having small conductance, with no similar change in channels having large conductance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leonard, R J -- Nakajima, S -- Nakajima, Y -- Takahashi, T -- NS08601/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32-GM-07211/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 5;226(4670):55-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474189" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Conductivity ; Muscles/*embryology/physiology ; Receptors, Cholinergic/*physiology ; Xenopus
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    Tumor-prone mice--and myc (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):823.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494912" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains/*genetics ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*genetics ; *Oncogenes ; Pregnancy
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    Prenatal alcohol exposure alters adult expression of sexually dimorphic behavior in the rat (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: Saccharin preference and performance in a Lashley III maze were found to be altered in adult male and female rats that had been exposed to alcohol during gestation. Specifically, the sexual dimorphism normally observed in both behaviors was absent in fetal alcohol-exposed animals. The lack of sexual dimorphism appeared to result from a masculinization of the exposed females and a feminization of the exposed males.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGivern, R F -- Clancy, A N -- Hill, M A -- Noble, E P -- AA-03513/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- AA05174/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- MH08645/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):896-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Discrimination Learning/drug effects ; Ethanol/*adverse effects ; Female ; Food Preferences/drug effects ; Gestational Age ; Male ; Pregnancy ; *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats ; Saccharin ; *Sex Characteristics
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    Endogenous regulation of macrophage proliferative expansion by colony-stimulating factor-induced interferon (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-01-13
    Description: Stimulation of cultures of murine bone-marrow cells with specific macrophage growth factor (colony-stimulating factor I) resulted in the production of type I interferon. Neutralization of this endogenous interferon by antiserum directed against interferons alpha and beta resulted in a significant enhancement of mononuclear phagocyte proliferation from committed marrow precursors. The effect of the antiserum was lost in cultures depleted of adherent cells, an indication that an adherent regulatory cell (or cells) in the marrow limits mononuclear phagocyte proliferation by producing antiproliferative interferon in response to high levels of specific growth factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, R N -- Larsen, H S -- Horohov, D W -- Rouse, B T -- AI-14981/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-18960/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 13;223(4632):178-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6606850" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells ; Colony-Stimulating Factors/*pharmacology ; Immune Sera ; Interferon Type I/biosynthesis/immunology/*physiology ; Macrophages/*cytology/physiology ; Mice ; Thymidine/metabolism
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    Sindbis virus mutants selected for rapid growth in cell culture display attenuated virulence in animals (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-27
    Description: Mutants of Sindbis virus were selected for rapid growth in baby hamster kidney (BHK) cell cultures and screened for attenuation of virulence in suckling mice. Comparisons among independently isolated virulent and attenuated strains, as well as a classical reversion analysis, showed that accelerated penetration of BHK cells was correlated with attenuation in vivo. Both phenotypic changes resulted from a reorganization of virion structure as detected by monoclonal antibodies. These results suggest that mutants selected for rapid growth in cell culture may be useful as attenuated vaccines and for studies of the molecular basis of virus pathogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Olmsted, R A -- Baric, R S -- Sawyer, B A -- Johnston, R E -- AI19433/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 27;225(4660):424-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6204381" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Kidney/cytology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neutralization Tests ; RNA/biosynthesis ; Sindbis Virus/genetics/growth & development/immunology/*pathogenicity ; Togaviridae Infections/microbiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Vitamin D3--resistant fibroblasts have immunoassayable 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: Cultured fibroblasts obtained from patients with tissue resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D3--dependent rickets, type II) contain normal, low, or undetectable concentrations of this hormone's receptor protein as measured by a ligand-binding assay. Extracts from these cells were evaluated for receptors by immunoassay with a recently developed monoclonal antibody to the chick receptor. The results show that a protein sedimenting at 3.7S and recognizable by the antibody exists in comparable concentrations in cells from both normal and resistant patients, irrespective of the hormone-binding abnormalities of the cells. This implies that deficiencies in hormone binding associated with inherited tissue resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 probably arise from structural variations in the receptor molecule and not from defective receptor synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pike, J W -- Dokoh, S -- Haussler, M R -- Liberman, U A -- Marx, S J -- Eil, C -- AM 15781/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 32313/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):879-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6326262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts/*analysis ; Humans ; Hypophosphatemia, Familial/*metabolism ; Radioimmunoassay ; Radioligand Assay ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; Receptors, Steroid/*analysis ; Skin/cytology
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    Insulin-mediated regulation of neuronal maturation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-09-14
    Description: Exposure to insulin increased stimulus-evoked transmission at synapses formed in culture by cholinergic retinal neurons derived from fetal rats. This effect occurred at physiological concentrations and was long lasting. The findings support the hypothesis that insulin may serve as a developmental signal to regulate the emergence of effective neurotransmission across nascent synapses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Puro, D G -- Agardh, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 14;225(4667):1170-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Insulin/pharmacology/*physiology ; Muscles ; Neurons/*growth & development/physiology ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Rats ; Retina ; Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
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    Effect of cell-cell interactions on drug sensitivity and growth of drug-sensitive and -resistant tumor cells in spheroids (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: Multicellular spheroids were grown from mixtures of rat brain tumor cells sensitive (9L) and resistant (R3) to 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. Percentages of each cell subpopulation in these spheroids were estimated with the sister chromatid exchange assay and were found to be approximately the same as those used to initiate spheroids. Spheroids grown from 9L cells alone had a higher growth rate than spheroids grown from R3 cells alone. However, the growth rate of mixed-cell spheroids was essentially the same as that of pure 9L spheroids and was independent of the percentages of R3 cells in mixed-cell spheroids. The sensitivity of 9L cells in mixed-cell spheroids treated with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, estimated by changes in the number of sister chromatid exchanges per metaphase induced by treatment, decreased as the percentage of R3 cells increased. These effects are probably the result of an interaction between the two cell subpopulations held in three-dimensional contact, a situation similar to that in tumors in situ. The results suggest why one cell subpopulation of tumors does not become dominant during growth and indicate that interactions between cell subpopulations can influence the sensitivity of one subpopulation to 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tofilon, P J -- Buckley, N -- Deen, D F -- CA-09215/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-31867/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-31868/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):862-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carmustine/pharmacology ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Resistance ; Male ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*physiopathology ; Rats ; Sister Chromatid Exchange/drug effects
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    Suppression of prolactin in pigs by Escherichia coli endotoxin (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: An endotoxin produced by Escherichia coli caused a decrease in prolactin concentrations in the plasma of sows when given at low dosages 2 days postpartum. Five to tenfold increases occurred in the plasma cortisol concentrations. Piglet growth, used as an indicator of milk secretion by the sows, was significantly depressed after the endotoxin administration. Some cases of lactation failure in the periparturient sow may thus be due to endotoxins suppressing prolactin concentrations. This appears to be the first report of a bacterial endotoxin having an effect on prolactin in any species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, B B -- Wagner, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):605-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6369541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endotoxins/*pharmacology ; *Escherichia coli ; Female ; Lactation/drug effects ; Lactation Disorders/etiology ; Pregnancy ; Prolactin/*blood ; Swine/*physiology
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    Schwann cell galactocerebroside induced by derivatives of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-04-06
    Description: Indirect immunofluorescence was used to show the presence of galactocerebroside (galC), a lipid found in myelin, on the surface of about half of the Schwann cells isolated from neonatal rat sciatic nerves and cultured for 1 day without neurons. By day 4 in vitro, the Schwann cells had all lost their surface galC. Three days after beginning treatment with 10(-3) molar 8-bromo-adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (8-bromo cyclic AMP) or N6,O2'-dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (dibutyryl cyclic AMP), galC reappeared on the Schwann cells, and 2 days later 48 percent of the cultured Schwann cells showed surface galC. Tritium from tritiated D-galactose was incorporated into galC by the 8-bromo cyclic AMP-and dibutyryl cyclic AMP-treated cultures at a rate 15 times the control rate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sobue, G -- Pleasure, D -- HD08536/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS08075/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS11037/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 6;224(4644):72-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6322307" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate/pharmacology ; Adenosine Monophosphate/*analogs & derivatives ; Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Butyrates/pharmacology ; Butyric Acid ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebrosides/*metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Galactosylceramides/*metabolism ; Myelin Sheath/metabolism ; Rats ; Schwann Cells/*drug effects/metabolism ; Sciatic Nerve/metabolism
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    Modulation of the metastatic activity of melanoma cells by laminin and fibronectin (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: Metastatic mouse melanoma cells have a high affinity for the basement membrane and the ability to degrade it; these properties may allow tumor cells to invade the membrane and disseminate. In this study it was found that the metastatic potential of mouse melanoma cells varied when the cells were exposed in culture to fibronectin or laminin. After removal of fibronectin or exposure to laminin, the cells had an increased affinity for basement membrane collagen, were more invasive of basement membranes in vitro, and produced more lung colonies in vivo. These changes are correlated with and may be due to an increase in the laminin-binding capacity of the tumor cell surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Terranova, V P -- Williams, J E -- Liotta, L A -- Martin, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):982-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505678" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amnion/physiology ; Animals ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Female ; Fibronectins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Kinetics ; Laminin/*pharmacology ; Melanoma/*pathology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*pathology ; Pregnancy
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    Decreased oxidation of labeled glucose by dissociated brain cells in the presence of fetal bovine serum (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: The effect of serum on the rate of substrate oxidation by dissociated brain cells in vitro was examined. At a serum protein concentration of approximately 0.55 milligram per milliliter, oxidation of [6-14C]glucose to 14CO2 was decreased more than 50 percent. Oxidation of [3-14C]-3-hydroxybutyrate and [U-14C]glutamine was decreased much less. Serum from cows, rats, horses, and humans produced similar effects, as did serum from young and old animals and from both sexes. The effect on [6-14C]glucose oxidation was proportional to serum protein concentration, and significant inhibitory activity was obtained with dialyzed serum. Heating (80 degrees C for 10 minutes) significantly reduced the inhibitory activity. These results suggest the presence of a factor in serum that can preferentially decrease glucose oxidation. Such a factor would have profound implications for metabolic regulation in vivo and for studies of cells in vitro in which serum is included in the growth medium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tildon, J T -- Stevenson, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):903-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719124" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Blood ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; *Culture Media ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Glutamine/metabolism ; Hydroxybutyrates/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Constitutive fragile sites and cancer (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-12-07
    Description: Breaks were observed at 51 sites in homologous chromosomes in lymphocytes from ten humans and two great apes when cells were deprived of thymidine. The incidence of breaks was enhanced by caffeine, a substance that inhibits DNA repair in replicating cells. The locations of 20 sites were correlated with breakpoints that have been related to human malignancy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yunis, J J -- Soreng, A L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Dec 7;226(4679):1199-204.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6239375" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Caffeine/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Chromosome Fragile Sites ; *Chromosome Fragility ; Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; Floxuridine/pharmacology ; Folic Acid/metabolism ; Gorilla gorilla ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; Pan troglodytes ; Thymidine/metabolism
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    Identification of an infective stage of Leishmania promastigotes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-03-30
    Description: Sequential development of Leishmania promastigotes from a noninfective to an infective stage was demonstrated for promastigotes growing in culture and in the sandfly vector. The generation of an infective stage was found to be growth cycle-dependent and restricted to nondividing organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sacks, D L -- Perkins, P V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 30;223(4643):1417-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Insect Vectors/parasitology ; Leishmania/growth & development/*physiology ; Leishmaniasis/parasitology/transmission ; Macrophages/parasitology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Psychodidae/parasitology
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    Genetic screening: marvel or menace? (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-13
    Description: Genetic screening is a systematic search in the population for persons of certain genotypes. The usual purpose is to detect persons who themselves or whose offspring are at risk for genetic diseases or genetically determined susceptibilities to environmental agents. Is genetic screening a marvel about to free us from the scourge of genetic disease or a menace about to invade our privacy and determine who may reproduce? There are three different types of genetic screening. Newborn screening identifies serious genetic disease at birth, permitting prompt treatment to prevent mental and physical retardation. Fetal screening and prenatal diagnosis identify genetic disease in the fetus permitting selective termination of pregnancy and the opportunity to have children free of defects detectable in utero. Carrier screening identifies individuals heterozygous for a gene for a serious recessive disease who may be at risk for affected offspring. The challenge to society is to provide (by way of cost-effective programs) expert services, including genetic counseling and follow-up, to all who may benefit, to ensure confidentiality and freedom of choice, and to avoid misunderstanding and stigmatization. It is recommended that the objective of screening programs should be to maximize the options available to families at risk rather than to reduce the incidence of genetic diseases. Whenever possible, the providers of these services should be the providers of primary health care. Urgently needed are a greater awareness of avoidable genetic diseases on the part of primary care providers and efforts to familiarize the public with the basic concepts of human genetics through the public school system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rowley, P T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 13;225(4658):138-44.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6729472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amniocentesis ; Disclosure ; Ethics, Medical ; Female ; *Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; *Genetic Testing ; Heterozygote ; Heterozygote Detection ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Information Dissemination ; Insemination, Artificial ; Mandatory Programs ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics ; Occupational Medicine ; Personal Autonomy ; Phenylketonurias/genetics ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; *Risk Assessment ; Spermatozoa ; Tay-Sachs Disease/genetics ; Voluntary Programs ; fetal, and carrier, Rowley describes the development and current status of each, ; as well as the ethical, legal, psychological, and social issues involved. He ; briefly considers the special cases of genetic screening of industrial employees ; and of semen donors. He recommends that the goal of screening programs should be ; to maximize the options available to families at risk rather than to reduce the ; incidence of genetic disease. To accomplish this goal, he urges public and ; professional education on human genetics, research on the best delivery ; mechanisms for current technologies, and the clarification and coordination of ; the roles of health care providers, voluntary organizations, and government ; agencies.
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    Transmammary infection of newborn by larval trematodes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-09
    Description: Newborn cats and mice became infected with Alaria marcianae if they nursed from females that had been experimentally infected with the parasite. All lactating females showed mesocercarial stages in their mammary glands. This may be the first trematode found to undergo transmission through the mammary glands under experimental conditions. Similarities in the behavior of mesocercariae in humans and in the mouse suggest that an infected human female might infect her infant if she elected to nurse it.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shoop, W L -- Corkum, K C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 9;223(4640):1082-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cats ; Feces/parasitology ; Female ; *Lactation ; Mammary Glands, Animal/*parasitology ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Trematode Infections/congenital/parasitology/*transmission
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    Toxicant-disease-environment interactions associated with suppression of immune system, growth, and reproduction (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-01
    Description: The effects of marginal malnourishment , infections, and environmental chemicals on growth and reproductive success in Swiss-Webster white mice and wild deer mice were studied with fractional factorial designs. Interaction effects were discovered. For example, malnourished mice were more sensitive to virus exposure and environmental chemicals (a plant growth regulator or polychlorinated biphenyls). Since several commercial plant growth regulators also appear to suppress the immune system, these results cast doubt on the adequacy of current toxicity testing procedures in which factors are studied individually and not in combination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Porter, W P -- Hinsdill, R -- Fairbrother, A -- Olson, L J -- Jaeger, J -- Yuill, T -- Bisgaard, S -- Hunter, W G -- Nolan, K -- 5-T32-ES07015/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 1;224(4652):1014-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6426058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Chlormequat/adverse effects ; Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects ; Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine/physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Food Supply ; Growth/*drug effects ; Humans ; Immunity/*drug effects ; Mice ; Nutrition Disorders/physiopathology ; Peromyscus ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction/*drug effects ; Water Supply
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    Association of parvoviruses with rheumatoid arthritis of humans (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-30
    Description: A small virus resembling parvoviruses in its morphological and physicochemical properties was derived from synovial tissue of a patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis. This virus, designated RA-1, elicits a syndrome in neonatal mice that includes neurological disturbances, permanent crippling of limbs, dwarfism, alopecia, blepharitis, "masking," and a rigid curvature of the thoracic spine. Polyclonal antibodies against RA-1 display high virus neutralizing activity and in immunoassays detect reactive antigen in synovial cells from different rheumatoid arthritis patients but not persons with osteoarthritis. Putative parvoviruses isolated from several other rheumatoid arthritis patients are only weakly pathogenic for newborn mice but can generate RA-1 virus-specific antigens in tissues of these animals. It has not been established that RA-1 and existing parvoviruses of mammalian species are related.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simpson, R W -- McGinty, L -- Simon, L -- Smith, C A -- Godzeski, C W -- Boyd, R J -- AI-14359/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-17262/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AM-15796/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 30;223(4643):1425-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/microbiology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/*microbiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Mice ; Microscopy, Electron ; Osteoarthritis/microbiology ; Parvoviridae/immunology/*isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; Rabbits ; Synovial Fluid/cytology/microbiology
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    Homeostasis of the antibody response: immunoregulation by NK cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: When injected into mice, the synthetic double-stranded polynucleotide poly(inosinic) X poly(cytidylic) acid induces high natural killer (NK) cell activity within 4 to 12 hours. Induction of NK activity in mice immunized 2 or 3 days previously, or the addition of NK cells to cultures immunized in vitro 2 or 3 days previously, promotes early termination of the ongoing primary immunoglobulin M antibody response. A target for NK cells is a population of accessory cells that has interacted with antigen and is necessary for sustaining the antibody response. The inference is strong that NK cells induced normally by immunization also terminate the usual antibody response in vivo by elimination of antigen-exposed accessory cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abruzzo, L V -- Rowley, D A -- 5-T32-CA-09267/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-10242/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):581-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6685343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibody Formation ; Antibody-Producing Cells/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Homeostasis ; Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology/radiation effects ; Lymphocyte Cooperation ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Mice ; Poly I-C/immunology ; Spleen/immunology
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    Primary murine bone marrow cultures support continuous growth of infectious human trypanosomes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: The human parasite Trypanosoma brucei gambiense grew continuously at 37 degrees C in primary cultures of murine bone marrow. Cultured parasites remained virulent for mice. Rapid parasite growth coincided with the appearance of adherent adipocyte-epitheloid cell aggregates that also promoted hematopoiesis. This culture system should permit studies of host cell control of trypanosome proliferation, pathogenic effects of trypanosomes on blood cell development, and the relative trypanocidal and marrow suppressive activities of drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Balber, A E -- CA 14049/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):421-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bone Marrow ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/growth & development ; Trypanosoma brucei gambiense/*growth & development ; Trypanosomiasis, African/parasitology
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    The development of human fetal hearing (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-04
    Description: Blink-startle responses to vibroacoustic stimulation were monitored ultrasonically in human fetuses of known gestational age. Responses were first elicited between 24 and 25 weeks of gestational age and were present consistently after 28 weeks. Defining the developmental sequence for audition provides a foundation for diagnosing deafness and recognizing aberrant responses antenatally.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Birnholz, J C -- Benacerraf, B R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 4;222(4623):516-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623091" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Ear/*embryology ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Gestational Age ; *Hearing ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography ; Vibration
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    Regulation of carcinogen metabolism in the rat ovary by the estrous cycle and gonadotropin (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: The activity of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene hydroxylase in the rat ovary is several times higher in the proestrous phase of the estrous cycle than in the estrous and metestrous plus diestrous phases. Administration of gonadotropin leads to a similar increase in the capacity of the ovary to metabolize xenobiotics. This variation in the activity of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene hydroxylase during the estrous cycle may be related to the marked changes in the incidence of ovarian cancer during menopause and in women taking contraceptive pills.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bengtsson, M -- Rydstrom, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1437-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6681915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases/*metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Epoxide Hydrolases/metabolism ; *Estrus ; Female ; Glutathione Transferase/metabolism ; Gonadotropins, Equine/*pharmacology ; Metestrus ; Ovary/*physiology ; Pregnancy ; Proestrus ; Quinone Reductases/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Alcohol and pregnancy (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1244-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6684327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ethanol/*adverse effects ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects
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    Recent trends in fertility in less developed countries (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: The rate of increase of population in less developed countries accelerated rapidly from 1850 to 1960 because of a rapid decline in mortality while fertility remained high. In the 1960's, the birth rate as a whole began to decline more rapidly than the death rate--very rapidly in some populations, most notably that of China, more gradually in others, and not at all in some of the poorest populations. The momentum of growth implies continued increase in populations for several decades even in countries where fertility has fallen the most, and very large additional increases where there has been no decline in the rate of childbearing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coale, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):828-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879179" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Birth Rate ; *Developing Countries ; Female ; *Fertility ; Humans ; Marriage ; Parity ; Pregnancy
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    Collagen formation by the hepatocyte in primary monolayer culture and in vivo (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-18
    Description: Immunohistochemical techniques were used to confirm biochemical evidence that parenchymal cells isolated from adult rat liver and maintained in nonreplicating monolayer culture for 2 days synthesized type IV basement membrane collagen. On continued incubation in serum-free medium, the hepatocytes also synthesized the interstitial collagens, types I and III. Consistent with these results in culture, type IV collagen was localized to the hepatocytes in slices of pathologic rat liver. Hence collagen formation is a previously unrecognized function of the hepatocyte that may be important in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis or cirrhosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diegelmann, R F -- Guzelian, P S -- Gay, R -- Gay, S -- AM18976/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- DE02570/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- HL11310/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 18;219(4590):1343-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basement Membrane/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen/*biosynthesis/immunology ; Liver/cytology/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Rats
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    Transformation of Bloom's syndrome fibroblasts by DNA transfection (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-09
    Description: Nonmalignant diploid human fibroblast cells (GM3498B) derived from a skin biopsy of a patient with Bloom's syndrome have been transformed by transfection with DNA from a tumorigenic mouse cell line (Ha-8) carrying a single copy of the Harvey murine sarcoma virus (Ha-MuSV) genome. The transformed cell lines have an extended life-span, form colonies in agarose, and proliferate in nude mice--characteristics of neoplastic transformation. Like the parental cells, they also exhibit a high spontaneous level of sister chromatid exchanges. Finally, the transformed cells contain most, if not all, of the Ha-MuSV genome as well as the human rasH sequence. These experiments show that these diploid nonmalignant human cells can be used as recipients in transfection experiments for studying the genetic control of neoplastic transformation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Doniger, J -- Di Paolo, J A -- Popescu, N C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 9;222(4628):1144-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6648529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bloom Syndrome/*genetics ; Cell Adhesion ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Neoplasm/*genetics ; Humans ; Oncogenes ; Transfection
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    Formaldehyde damage to DNA and inhibition of DNA repair in human bronchial cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-08
    Description: Cultured bronchial epithelial and fibroblastic cells from humans were used to study DNA damage and toxicity caused by formaldehyde. Formaldehyde caused the formation of cross-links between DNA and proteins, caused single-strand breaks in DNA, and inhibited the resealing of single-strand breaks produced by ionizing radiation. Formaldehyde also inhibited the unscheduled DNA synthesis that occurs after exposure of cells to ultraviolet irradiation or to benzo[a]pyrene diolexpoxide but at doses substantially higher than those required to inhibit the resealing of x-ray-induced single-strand breaks. Therefore, formaldehyde could exert its mutagenic and carcinogenic effects by both damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA repair.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grafstrom, R C -- Fornace, A J Jr -- Autrup, H -- Lechner, J F -- Harris, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 8;220(4593):216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828890" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bronchi/*cytology/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; *DNA/biosynthesis ; DNA Repair/*drug effects ; Epithelium/drug effects ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Formaldehyde/*pharmacology ; Humans
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    Neuron-glia adhesion is inhibited by antibodies to neural determinants (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-07
    Description: Suspensions of embryonic chick neuronal cells adhered to monolayers of glial cells, but few neurons bound to control monolayers of fibroblastic cells from meninges or skin. Neuronal cell-glial cell adhesion was inhibited by prior incubation of the neurons with Fab' fragments of antibodies to neuronal membranes. In contrast, antibodies to the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) did not inhibit the binding. These results suggest that a specific adhesive mechanism between neurons and glial cells exists and that it is mediated by CAM's that differ from those so far identified.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grumet, M -- Rutishauser, U -- Edelman, G M -- AI-11378/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HD-09635/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD-16550/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 7;222(4619):60-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6194561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; *Cell Adhesion ; Cell Membrane/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Epitopes ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; Neuroglia/*physiology ; Neurons/immunology/*physiology
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    External human fertilization: an evaluation of policy (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-14
    Description: In vitro fertilization, in its first 5 years of use, has met minimum standards for efficacy and safety, as judged by published clinical reports. It is becoming more widely available as an approach for overcoming sterility in married couples and appears also to be gaining social acceptance in that context. Several technical options presented by the procedure, particularly storage of frozen embryos and embryo transfers involving third-party contributions, are less fully evaluated clinically and raise social, ethical, and legal questions that go beyond the original medical model for therapeutic intervention. The clinical success of in vitro fertilization and the options it affords call for careful policy consideration. Estimates of costs and of potential demand for and supply of services are provided and the current status of relevant policy in the United States and abroad is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grobstein, C -- Flower, M -- Mendeloff, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 14;222(4620):127-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623063" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Embryo Transfer ; Ethical Review ; Ethics ; Fallopian Tube Diseases/therapy ; Federal Government ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro/*methods ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/therapy ; Infertility, Male/therapy ; Legislation, Medical ; Male ; Obstetrics/economics/standards ; Oocyte Donation ; Pregnancy ; Resource Allocation ; *Risk Assessment ; during its first five years. Efficacy, safety, costs, demand and supply, and ; feasible extensions of the basic procedure are discussed. The authors contend ; that, while Australia and Great Britain have made progress toward formulating ; public policy on IVF, efforts in the United States have not gone beyond a 1979 ; report and recommendations issued by the Department of Health, Education, and ; Welfare's Ethics Advisory Board. Given the ready clinical and public acceptance ; of IVF, there is need for an oversight mechanism at the federal level, perhaps ; via a forum concerned also with the overlapping area of human genetic ; intervention.
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    Contiguity to males in utero affects avoidance responding in adult female mice (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-22
    Description: Female mice that had been situated in utero between two female fetuses displayed higher levels of active avoidance responding in adult life than females that had been located between two male fetuses and males for whom uterine position was without effect. Uterine position, therefore, influences acquired as well as species-typical behaviors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hauser, H -- Gandelman, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 22;220(4595):437-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/physiology ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Sex Factors ; Uterus
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    Tumor-derived growth factor increases bone resorption in a tumor associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: Evidence is presented that a tumor-derived transforming growth factor is responsible for stimulating bone resorption and causing hypercalcemia in an animal tumor model of the hypercalcemia of malignancy. Both conditioned medium harvested from cultured tumor cells and tumor extracts of the transplantable rat Leydig cell tumor associated with hypercalcemia contained a macromolecular bone resorbing factor with the chemical characteristics of a tumor-derived transforming growth factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ibbotson, K J -- D'Souza, S M -- Ng, K W -- Osborne, C K -- Niall, M -- Martin, T J -- Mundy, G R -- AM-28149/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA-29537/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1292-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6577602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bone Resorption ; Calcium ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Growth Substances/*physiology ; Hypercalcemia/*etiology ; Leydig Cell Tumor/complications/*physiopathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins/*physiology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/complications/physiopathology ; Peptides/*physiology ; Rats ; Transforming Growth Factors
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    Fragile sites in chromosomes: possible model for the study of spontaneous chromosome breakage (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-01
    Description: The tissue culture condition that is required for the type of chromosome breakage seen at most fragile sites, namely, the absence of folic acid and thymidine in the medium, greatly enhanced micronucleus formation in proliferating lymphocyte cultures from normal individuals. This suggests that chromosome breakage at fragile sites and the apparently spontaneous damage that gives rise to micronuclei are controlled by the same mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacky, P B -- Beek, B -- Sutherland, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):69-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828880" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Nucleus/drug effects/ultrastructure ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; *Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Fragile Sites ; *Chromosome Fragility ; Culture Media ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Folic Acid/pharmacology ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/ultrastructure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thymidine/pharmacology
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    Oxygen tension regulates the expression of angiogenesis factor by macrophages (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: When cultured in a hypoxic environment similar to that found in the center of a wound, macrophages secreted active angiogenesis factor into the medium. Under conditions similar to those of well-oxygenated tissue, macrophages did not secrete active angiogenesis factor. Macrophages that secreted the factor at hypoxic conditions stopped secreting it when returned to room air. Thus the control of angiogenesis in wound healing may be the result of macrophages responding to tissue oxygen tension without the necessity of interacting with other cell types or biochemical signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knighton, D R -- Hunt, T K -- Scheuenstuhl, H -- Halliday, B J -- Werb, Z -- Banda, M J -- GM27345/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL26323/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1283-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612342" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents/*biosynthesis ; Animals ; Anoxia/physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cornea ; Growth Substances/*biosynthesis ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Oxygen/*physiology ; Rabbits ; *Wound Healing
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    Drug-induced alterations of cytokeratin organization in cultured epithelial cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: The distribution of keratin intermediate filaments, previously considered static in organization and imperturbable by conventional drugs used to alter the structure and organization of the cytoskeleton, can be altered significantly by treatment with colchicine and cytochalasin D. The loss of microfilaments and microtubules converts the keratin cytoskeleton from a branching, even distribution to a series of starlike structures whose filaments are maintained by multiple membrane attachment sites. These findings provide a means for manipulating cytokeratin organization to investigate the role of keratins in cytoskeletal structure and function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knapp, L W -- O'Guin, W M -- Sawyer, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):501-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6186022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Colchicine/*pharmacology ; Cytochalasin D ; Cytochalasins/*pharmacology ; Cytoskeleton/*drug effects ; Epithelium ; *Keratins ; Mice ; Microtubules/drug effects
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    Human endothelial cells: use of heparin in cloning and long-term serial cultivation (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: Endothelial cells from human blood vessels were cultured in vitro, with doubling times of 17 to 21 hours for 42 to 79 population doublings. Cloned human endothelial cell strains were established for the first time and had similar proliferative capacities. This vigorous cell growth was achieved by addition of heparin to culture medium containing reduced concentrations of endothelial cell growth factor. The routine cloning and long-term culture of human endothelial cells will facilitate studying the human endothelium in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thornton, S C -- Mueller, S N -- Levine, E M -- AG-00839/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32-CA-09171/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):623-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells/enzymology ; Endothelium/*cytology ; Growth Substances/pharmacology ; Heparin/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Time Factors
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    Interaction with membrane remnants of target myotubes maintains transmitter sensitivity of cultured neurons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Parasympathetic neurons, when cultured alone, lose sensitivity to acetylcholine, but if striated muscle is included in the culture, neuronal chemosensitivity is maintained. The membrane remnants of myotubes ruptured by osmotic shock also supported the responsiveness of the cultured neurons to transmitter, whereas muscle-conditioned medium or membrane remnants of nonmuscle embryonic skin cells did not support this responsiveness. The regulation of chemosensitivity by contact of neurons with the target cell membrane may be important in the formation and maintenance of neuronal circuitry.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tuttle, J B -- NS-10338/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):977-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6133352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/physiology ; Animals ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Fibroblasts/physiology ; Muscles/*physiology ; Nervous System/growth & development ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*physiology ; Synapses/physiology
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    High-frequency transfection and cytopathology of the hepatitis B virus core antigen gene in human cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-10-28
    Description: A protoplast fusion method was developed to stably transfect human cells with pSV2-derived plasmids at frequencies greater than 10(-3). This procedure made it possible to test the biological effect of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene independent of the viral structures required for infection. A pSV2gpt+ plasmid constructed to carry a subgenomic fragment of HBV that contained the core antigen gene (HBc gene) was transfected into human cells. A human epithelial cell line was stably transfected with the HBc+ gene by selecting recipient cells for expression of guanine phosphoribosyl transferase expression. With this gpt+/HBc+ cell line it was shown that growth in serum-free medium or treatment with 5'-azacytidine stimulates the production of the HBV core antigen. A hepatocellular carcinoma carrying the entire HBV genome was stimulated to produce the HBc gene product in response to the same factors that stimulated HBcAg production in the gpt+/HBc+ cell line constructed by transfection. The temporal relation between the cytopathologic response and HBc gene expression was similar for both cell types, indicating a primary role for HBc gene expression in the cytopathology of HBV-infected human liver.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoakum, G H -- Korba, B E -- Lechner, J F -- Tokiwa, T -- Gazdar, A F -- Seeley, T -- Siegel, M -- Leeman, L -- Autrup, H -- Harris, C C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):385-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6194563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Azacitidine/pharmacology ; Cell Fusion ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral ; Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects ; Genes, Viral ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens/*genetics ; Humans ; Transfection
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    Insulin receptor: evidence that it is a protein kinase (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-21
    Description: Highly purified preparations of insulin receptor catalyzed the phosphorylation of the 95,000-dalton subunit of the insulin receptor. This subunit of the insulin receptor was also labeled with [alpha-32P]8-azidoadenosine 5'-triphosphate, a photoaffinity label for adenosine triphosphate binding sites. The identity of the 95,000-dalton band was confirmed in both cases by precipitation with a monoclonal antibody to the insulin receptor. These results suggest that the insulin receptor is itself a protein kinase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roth, R A -- Cassell, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 21;219(4582):299-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Lymphocytes ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphoproteins/physiology ; Protein Kinases/*physiology ; Receptor, Insulin/*physiology
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    Recombination during gene transfer into mouse cells can restore the function of deleted genes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-01-14
    Description: Two plasmids containing nonoverlapping deletions of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene were introduced into thymidine kinase-deficient mouse L cells by DNA-mediated gene transfer. Thymidine kinase-producing transformants were generated by a mixture of the two plasmids at a frequency significantly greater than that generated by either plasmid alone. Southern blot analyses demonstrated that functional thymidine kinase genes were generated by homologous recombination between the two deletion mutants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Small, J -- Scangos, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 14;219(4581):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6294829" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosome Deletion ; *Genetic Engineering ; Mice ; Mutation ; *Plasmids ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Simplexvirus ; Thymidine Kinase/*genetics
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    Human macrophages armed with murine immunoglobulin G2a antibodies to tumors destroy human cancer cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-26
    Description: Macrophages isolated from tumor-bearing patients as well as cultured human monocytes express Fc receptors that cross-react strongly with murine immunoglobulins of the G2a but only slightly or not at all with the G1, G2b, or G3 subclasses. Such macrophages in the presence of murine immunoglobulin G2a monoclonal antibodies to tumors mediated the killing of tumor cells in vitro. These data suggest that monoclonal antibodies of the G2a subclass may be useful in the immunotherapy of human cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steplewski, Z -- Lubeck, M D -- Koprowski, H -- CA-10815/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-21124/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-25874/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 26;221(4613):865-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879183" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Humans ; *Immunity, Cellular ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Immunotherapy ; Macrophages/*immunology ; Mice ; Monocytes/immunology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology/therapy ; Receptors, Fc/*immunology ; Species Specificity
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    Hepatitis B virus infection in cultured human lymphoblastoid cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: Since it has been postulated that liver hepatocytes may become infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) in vivo through direct contact with infected macrophages, the possibility that a circulating cell of hematopoietic origin might be susceptible to infection with HBV was investigated. Cells positive for HBV surface antigen were identified in aspirates of bone marrow cells from people infected with HBV. These cells were used to prepare a lymphoblastoid suspension culture that contains HBV-infected cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romet-Lemonne, J L -- McLane, M F -- Elfassi, E -- Haseltine, W A -- Azocar, J -- Essex, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):667-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Hepatitis B/*microbiology/pathology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology ; Hepatitis B virus/growth & development ; Humans ; Liver/pathology ; Lymphocytes/*microbiology/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged
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    Synaptic activity mediates death of hypoxic neurons (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-04-29
    Description: Cultured hippocampal neurons, when exposed to cyanide or an anoxic atmosphere in the early stages of differentiation, were not visibly affected. However, neurons in the mature cultures died when exposed to cyanide or anoxia. Cell death could be prevented by treatment with magnesium, which eliminates synaptic activity. These observations suggest that damage in hypoxic neurons is mediated by synaptic activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rothman, S M -- 5 K07 N500568-02/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 29;220(4596):536-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6836300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Anoxia/*metabolism/physiopathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Magnesium/pharmacology ; Magnesium Chloride ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neurons/metabolism/*physiology ; Rats ; Sodium Cyanide/pharmacology ; Synapses/drug effects/*physiology
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    Infection of normal human epithelial cells by Epstein-Barr virus (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-03-11
    Description: Primary cultures of epithelial cells were grown from the tonsils and adenoids of patients with diseases not related to Epstein-Barr virus. The cells could not be infected by Epstein-Barr virus. Fluorescein-labeled Epstein-Barr virus and a cytofluorograph were then used to show that the epithelial cells do not have detectable receptors for the virus. However, implantation with Epstein-Barr virus receptors gave the cells the ability to bind the labeled virus. One to 5 percent of receptor-implanted cells exposed to the transforming B95-8 substrain of the virus expressed Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen. The early and viral capsid Epstein-Barr virus-determined antigens were not detected in the virus-infected cultures. The results show that normal human epithelial cells from the nasopharynx become susceptible to infection by Epstein-Barr virus when the membrane barrier resulting from the lack of viral receptors is overcome by receptor implantation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, I M -- Volsky, D J -- 1R01 CA33386-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 11;219(4589):1225-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6298935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Epithelium/*microbiology ; Herpesviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human/growth & development ; Humans ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism ; Virus Replication
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    Axonal proteins of presynaptic neurons during synaptogenesis (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-23
    Description: Changes occur in the synthesis and axonal transport of neuronal proteins in dorsal-root ganglia axons as a result of contact with cells from the spinal cord during synapse formation. Dorsal-root ganglia cells were cultured in a compartmental cel culture system that allows separate access to neuronal cell bodies and their axons. When cells from the ventral spinal cord were cultured with the dorsal-root ganglia axons, synapses were established within a few days. Metabolic labeling and two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed that four of more than 300 axonal proteins had changed in their expression by the time synapses were established. The highly selective nature of these changes suggests that the proteins involved may be important in the processes of axon growth and synapse formation and their regulation by the regional environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sonderegger, P -- Fishman, M C -- Bokoum, M -- Bauer, H C -- Nelson, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 23;221(4617):1294-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6612344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Isoelectric Point ; Molecular Weight ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Synapses/*metabolism
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    Latrunculins: novel marine toxins that disrupt microfilament organization in cultured cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-04
    Description: Two toxins, latrunculins A and B, which contain a new class of 16- and 14-membered marine macrolides attached to the rare 2-thiazolidinone moiety, were purified recently from the Red Sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica. The effects of these toxins on cultured mouse neuroblastoma and fibroblast cells have been evaluated. In both types of cells, submicromolar toxin concentrations rapidly induce striking changes in cell morphology that are reversible upon removal of the toxin. Immunofluorescence studies with antibodies specific for cytoskeletal proteins reveal that the toxins cause major alterations in the organization of microfilaments without obvious effects on the organization of the microtubular system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spector, I -- Shochet, N R -- Kashman, Y -- Groweiss, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 4;219(4584):493-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6681676" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/metabolism ; Animals ; *Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeleton/*drug effects ; Fibroblasts/ultrastructure ; Marine Toxins/*pharmacology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Microtubules/drug effects ; Neuroblastoma/ultrastructure ; Thiazoles/*pharmacology ; Thiazolidines
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    Glucose stimulation of the antilipolytic effect of insulin in humans (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-03
    Description: Dose-response studies of the inhibition of lipolysis by insulin in isolated human adipocytes were conducted with the use of a sensitive bioluminescent assay of glycerol release. The addition of glucose to the incubation medium was associated with an increase in insulin sensitivity and an increase in the maximum insulin effect. The results suggest that glucose plays an important role in regulating the antilipolytic action of insulin in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arner, P -- Bolinder, J -- Ostman, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 3;220(4601):1057-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6342138" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Synergism ; Glucose/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Lipolysis/*drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 80
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    Rheumatoid factors and Chagas' disease (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clarkson, A B Jr -- Mellow, G H -- AI 19015-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 11;219(4589):1238-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6402816" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chagas Disease/*immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Lactation ; Pregnancy ; Rheumatoid Factor/*immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 81
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    Fluoride directly stimulates proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of bone-forming cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-10-21
    Description: Fluoride is one of the most potent but least well understood stimulators of bone formation in vivo. Bone formation was shown to arise from direct effects on bone cells. Treatment with sodium fluoride increased proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of bone cells in vitro and increased bone formation in embryonic calvaria at concentrations that stimulate bone formation in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farley, J R -- Wergedal, J E -- Baylink, D J -- AM31061/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM31062/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Oct 21;222(4621):330-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6623079" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkaline Phosphatase/*metabolism ; Animals ; Bone Development/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/*cytology/embryology/enzymology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fluorides/*pharmacology ; Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 82
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    Chromosomal mosaicism confined to the placenta in human conceptions (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-08-12
    Description: Placental and fetal tissues from 46 human pregnancies were cultured and cytogenetically analyzed in an attempt to document the existence of chromosomal mosaicism confined strictly to tissues of extraembryonic origin. In two gestations in which chromosomal mosaicism was found, it was expressed exclusively in placental chorionic cells and was not detected in cells derived from the embryo proper. This demonstration of confined chorionic mosaicism may have implications for the understanding of the fetoplacental unit and for prenatal diagnosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kalousek, D K -- Dill, F J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Aug 12;221(4611):665-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amnion/physiology ; Chorion/physiology ; Chromosomes, Human ; Female ; Fetal Blood/physiology ; Fetal Growth Retardation/genetics ; Fetus/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; *Mosaicism ; Placenta/*physiology ; Pregnancy
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  • 83
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    Cell growth on liquid microcarriers (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: Anchorage-dependent cell growth is demonstrated on microcarriers of fluorocarbon fluid formed by emulsification and stabilized with polylysine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keese, C R -- Giaever, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1448-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828872" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Division ; *Cell Physiological Phenomena ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Emulsions ; Fluorocarbons ; Kinetics
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  • 84
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    Spread of AIDS sparks new health concern (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):42-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics/*transmission ; Blood Transfusion/adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemophilia A/*complications ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Substance P and somatostatin regulate sympathetic noradrenergic function (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-09-09
    Description: Peptidergic-noradrenergic interactions were examined in explants of rat sympathetic superior cervical ganglia and in cultures of dissociated cells. The putative peptide transmitters substance P and somatostatin each increased the activity of the catecholamine-synthesizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase after 1 week of exposure in culture. Maximal increases occurred at 10(-7) molar for each peptide, and either increasing or decreasing the concentration reduced the effects. Similar increases in tyrosine hydroxylase were produced by a metabolically stable agonist of substance P, while a substance P antagonist prevented the effects of the agonist. The data suggest that the increased tyrosine hydroxylase activity was mediated by peptide interaction with specific substance P receptors and that peptides may modulate sympathetic catecholaminergic function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kessler, J A -- Adler, J E -- Black, I B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 9;221(4615):1059-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6192502" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacitracin/pharmacology ; Captopril/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Techniques ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ganglia, Sympathetic/*enzymology ; Rats ; Somatostatin/*pharmacology ; Substance P/*pharmacology ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/*metabolism
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  • 86
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    Vaginal stimulation: an important determinant of maternal bonding in sheep (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-07
    Description: The immediate induction of the full complement of maternal behavior in nonpregnant ewes primed with estrogen and progesterone has been obtained after 5 minutes of vaginal-cervical stimulation. A similar period of such stimulation given to recently parturient ewes, after the development of selective bonding to their own lambs, reversed their rejection behavior of alien lambs and produced a state of plasticity in maternal behavior, such that ewes receiving vaginal stimulation would accept and adopt alien lambs. These findings implicate vaginal-cervical stimulation as playing a role in the onset of maternal behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keverne, E B -- Levy, F -- Poindron, P -- Lindsay, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jan 7;219(4580):81-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6849123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; *Maternal Behavior ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone/pharmacology ; Sheep/*physiology ; Time Factors ; Vagina/*physiology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Action potentials in macrophages derived from human monocytes (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-25
    Description: The electrical activity of macrophages derived from human blood monocytes was recorded in vitro with intracellular microelectrodes and was analyzed with computer-assisted data acquisition and analysis techniques. In cells impaled 6 to 8 days after the cultures were prepared, the resting potentials reached a maximum value of -72 millivolts. The cells were electrically excitable; spikes exhibited a slow upstroke, a fast downstroke, a discrete threshold, a large overshoot, and a brief undershoot. Repetitive firing was induced by a maintained depolarizing current. A positive relation was observed between transmembrane currents and resting potential. Voltage-current relations were nonrectifying for subthreshold current injections. Since these cells had not been treated with any specific activation factors, the electrical activity recorded is evidence for the presence of voltage-dependent inward and outward currents in the membranes of mature macrophages. The electrical signals generated by these cells may be useful for the assay of sensor and effector functions of macrophages, such as chemotaxis, receptor-ligand interactions, and phagocytosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McCann, F V -- Cole, J J -- Guyre, P M -- Russell, J A -- AM0535/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- BRSG05392/RS/DRS NIH HHS/ -- CA17323/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):991-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6823563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Monocytes/cytology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Cooperation between oncogenes. Investigators focus on cooperation between two or more oncogenes to help explain the multistep development of human cancers (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-11-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Nov 11;222(4624):602-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6635658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cells, Cultured ; Mice ; *Oncogenes ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/*genetics
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  • 89
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    Human trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive (TLX) antigens define a new alloantigen system (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-12-09
    Description: Antisera to human syncytiotrophoblast microvillous cell surface membranes from different placentas are cytotoxic for lymphocytes from some people but not others, demonstrating the presence of allotypic trophoblast-lymphocyte cross-reactive (TLX) antigens. Exploratory principal components factor analysis, performed on limited data consisting of 300 cytotoxic reactions produced by ten separate trophoblast antisera on a panel of lymphocytes from 30 random donors, suggested the presence of three distinct TLX antigen groupings. It is proposed that such TLX alloantigens are central in establishing maternal recognition and protection of the blastocyst, and that lack of recognition results in implantation failure and spontaneous abortion. These findings are compatible with contemporary results of immunotherapy to prevent recurrent spontaneous abortions, and their implications extend to other conditions of allogeneic coexistence, such as organ transplantation and the tumor-host relationship.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McIntyre, J A -- Faulk, W P -- Verhulst, S J -- Colliver, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Dec 9;222(4628):1135-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6648525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Trophoblasts/*immunology
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  • 90
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    Fetal surgery for neural defects (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):441.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6408734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Fetus/*surgery ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Neural Tube Defects/*surgery ; Pregnancy
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  • 91
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    RNA splice site selection: evidence for a 5' leads to 3' scanning model (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-06-24
    Description: Human G gamma-globin genes containing tandem duplications of the donor (5') or acceptor (3') RNA splice sites of the second intervening sequence were constructed in order to ascertain the directionality of RNA splice site selection. These genes were introduced into cultured monkey cells, and their transcripts were analyzed. Transcripts of these duplication variants were spliced only at the proximal copy of the duplicated splice sites. These data are consistent with a 5' leads to 3' model of splice site selection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lang, K M -- Spritz, R A -- AM28598/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jun 24;220(4604):1351-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6304877" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Globins/genetics ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Plasmids ; *RNA Splicing ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/physiology ; Simian virus 40/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic
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  • 92
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    Vasoactive intestinal peptide alters membrane potential and cyclic nucleotide levels in retinal horizontal cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-09
    Description: Vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulated the synthesis of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in fractions of isolated carp horizontal cells. When applied extracellularly to isolated and cultured horizontal cells, the peptide also induced a slow depolarization (30 to 40 millivolts) accompanied by a decrease in membrane resistance. However, analogs of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate applied extracellularly or intracellularly, and forscolin applied extracellularly, had no effect on the membrane potential of cultured horizontal cells, indicating that the induced depolarization was not related to the accumulation of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in these cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lasater, E M -- Watling, K J -- Dowling, J E -- EY-00811/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY-00824/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY-05476/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 9;221(4615):1070-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6308770" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carps ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP/*metabolism ; Dopamine/pharmacology ; Gastrointestinal Hormones/*pharmacology ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Membrane Potentials/*drug effects ; Retina/*drug effects/physiology ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/*pharmacology
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  • 93
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    Evidence for the recessive nature of cellular immortality (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-09-02
    Description: Fusion of immortal cell lines with normal human fibroblasts or certain other immortal cell lines yields hybrids having limited division potential. Cellular immortality was found to be a recessive phenotype in hybrids. It was also found that at least two separate events in the normal cell genome can result in immortality. In fusions involving certain immortal parent cells, these events can be complemented to result in hybrids with finite division capacity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pereira-Smith, O M -- Smith, J R -- AG 03262/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Sep 2;221(4614):964-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6879195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Division ; Cell Line ; *Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/*physiology ; Phenotype
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  • 94
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    Activation of 2-aminofluorene by cultured plant cells (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: Cultured tobacco plant cells activated 2-aminofluorene to an agent mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98. The plant activation of 2-aminofluorene is heat-inactivated and may not involve solely cytochrome P-450. The kinetics of activation demonstrated both time- and concentration-dependent responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Plewa, M J -- Weaver, D L -- Blair, L C -- Gentile, J M -- ES02384/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1427-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6338591" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotransformation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fluorenes/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens/*metabolism ; *Mutation ; *Plants, Toxic ; Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects ; Tobacco/*metabolism
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  • 95
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    Isolation and transmission of human retrovirus (human t-cell leukemia virus) (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-02-18
    Description: Nine new isolates of human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) were obtained from cells of seven patients with malignancies of mature T cells and from two clinically normal relatives of a T-cell leukemia patient. These people were from the United States, Israel, the West Indies, and Japan. The virus was detected in the fresh T cells and was isolated from the established T-cell lines. Each isolate is closely related to the first HTLV isolate, and all the new HTLV isolates were transmitted into normal human T cells obtained from the umbilical cord blood of newborns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Popovic, M -- Sarin, P S -- Robert-Gurroff, M -- Kalyanaraman, V S -- Mann, D -- Minowada, J -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Feb 18;219(4586):856-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6600519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia/*microbiology ; Male ; Retroviridae/growth & development/*isolation & purification ; T-Lymphocytes/*microbiology
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  • 96
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    Evidence for olfactory function in utero (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: Pregnant rats received 2-[14C]deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) intravenously on the last day of gestation, and their fetuses were delivered 1 hour later by cesarean section. Fetal brains showed high 2DG uptake spread throughout the accessory olfactory bulb and little or no differential uptake in the main olfactory bulb. These findings demonstrate that functional activity occurs in the accessory olfactory bulb in utero and suggest that the accessory olfactory system may be the pathway by which fetal rats detect the odor quality of their intrauterine milieu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pedersen, P E -- Stewart, W B -- Greer, C A -- Shepherd, G M -- F32-NS06978/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 16993/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):478-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6867725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Brain/radionuclide imaging ; Deoxyglucose/metabolism ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Olfactory Bulb/physiology/radionuclide imaging ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Smell/*physiology
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  • 97
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    Mobilization of cellular calcium-45 and lead-210: effect of physiological stimuli (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Isolated rat hepatocytes in primary culture were used as a model system to evaluate the effects of selected hormones and culture conditions on the efflux of calcium-45 and lead-210 from cells labeled with these isotopes. Alpha-adrenergic stimuli, angiotensin, vasopressin, dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, and reduced phosphate concentrations in the medium increased the efflux of calcium-45 and lead-210. Glucagon and insulin had no effect, but increased phosphate concentrations decreased the efflux of both isotopes. Experiments with hepatocytes cultured in a medium free of calcium and lead demonstrated that the increased efflux of calcium-45 and lead-210 induced by hormones was the result of mobilization of the ions from intracellular stores. The data indicate that the physiological stimuli that mobilized calcium ions also mobilized lead ions, and that the mobilized lead would be available to interact with calcium-mediated cell functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pounds, J G -- Mittelstaedt, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):308-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6301003" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiotensin II/pharmacology ; Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Calcium Radioisotopes/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Lead/*metabolism ; Liver/cytology ; Phosphates/pharmacology ; Propranolol/pharmacology ; Radioisotopes ; Rats ; Vasopressins/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    Overproduction and elimination of retinal axons in the fetal rhesus monkey (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-03-25
    Description: Quantitative electron microscopic analysis reveals 2.85 million retinal axons in fetal rhesus monkeys--a number that is more than twice the 1.2 million present in the adult. More than 1 million supernumerary optic axons are eliminated before birth, simultaneously with the segregation of inputs from the two eyes into separate layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus. Selective elimination of optic axons may not only play a role in the segregation of binocular visual connections but, secondarily, may establish the ratio of crossed and uncrossed retinogeniculate projections.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rakic, P -- Riley, K P -- EY02593/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- RR00168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Mar 25;219(4591):1441-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6828871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Female ; Fetus/physiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Optic Nerve/*embryology/ultrastructure ; Pregnancy ; Retina/*embryology/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    Maternal coordination of the fetal biological clock in utero (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-27
    Description: Deoxyglucose labeled with carbon-14 was used in studying the utilization of glucose in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of fetal rats. The results showed that an entrainable circadian clock is present in the suprachiasmatic nuclei during fetal development and that the maternal circadian system coordinates the phase of the fetal clock to environmental lighting conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reppert, S M -- Schwartz, W J -- 1 K07 NS 00672/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- HD 14427/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 May 27;220(4600):969-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6844923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Darkness ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Gestational Age ; Glucose/metabolism ; Lighting ; *Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Irreversible ligands with high selectivity toward delta and mu opiate receptors (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-04-15
    Description: Alkylating agents that display strong selectivity for opiate receptor types delta or mu were prepared by appropriate modification of the structures of the strong analgesics fentanyl, etonitazene, and endoethenotetrahydrooripavine. The availability of these substances should facilitate studies of the structural basis of receptor specificity and of the physiologic roles of these receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rice, K C -- Jacobson, A E -- Burke, T R Jr -- Bajwa, B S -- Streaty, R A -- Klee, W A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):314-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6132444" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alkylation ; Animals ; Benzimidazoles/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Brain/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Enkephalin, Methionine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Fentanyl/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; *Isothiocyanates ; Ligands ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*metabolism/physiology ; Thebaine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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