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  • Oxford Univ. Press  (63)
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  • 1
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS : FUCHS, K.: Investigation on the Wave Propagation in Wedge-shaped Media . . . 51 ; CHATTERJEE, N. D.: Paläomagnetische Untersuchungen an ladinischen Eruptiven der westlichen Dolomiten, Norditalien . . . 90 ; Vorlesungsverzeichnis . . . 107 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 111 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; Vulkanismus ; waves ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 2
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS : FRIEDRICH BURMEISTER zum 75. Geburtstag . . . 227 ; DEMNATI, A. und G. DOHR: Reflexionsseismische Tiefensondierungen im Bereich des Oberrheintalgrabens und des Kraichgaues . . . 229 ; GUTDEUTSCH, R. und M. KOENIG: Über die Signalgeschwindigkeit gebeugter elastischer Wellen . . . 246 ; TÄRCZY-HORNOCH, A.: Über die Genauigkeit der berechneten durchschnittlichen Geschwindigkeit bei der seismischen Reflexionsmethode . . . 260 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 273 ; Verzeichnis der geophysikalischen Vorlesungen (Wintersemester 1965/66) . . . 276 ; Mitteilung . . . 280 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 281 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Seismik ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 3
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Lucke, O.: Die dynamischen Gleichungen des Plasmas in der Magnetosphäre (S. 105); Irsraël, H.: On the Sun-Rise Effect of Sferics Activity at 27 kc (S. 138); Bosum, W.: Erdmagnetische Messungen im Deckdiabasgebiet der Dillmulde und ihre Auswertung (S. 144); Wilhelm Schweydar † (K. Jung) (S. 158).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Geomagnetismus ; Magnetosphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 4
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Harth, W.: VLF-Atmospherics ‒ Ihre Messung und ihre Interpretation (S. 815); Kremser, G., A. Korth, K. H. Saeger, P. A. Jensen, V. N. Jensen, J. Taagholt: On the Longitudinal Extension of Electron Precipitation During Magnetospheric Substorms (S. 815); Stüdemann, W.: Untersuchung der Richtungsverteilung energiereicher Elektronen und Protonen im Morgensektor der Polarlichtzone während erhöhten Teilcheneinfalles (S. 863); Klostermeyer, J.: Influence of Viscosity, Thermal Conduction, and Ion Drag on the Propagation of Atmospheric Gravity Waves in the Thermosphere (S. 881); Schmidt, G.: Determination of the Height of Ionospheric Irregularities with the Holographic Method (S. 891); Eichmeier, J.: Vergleich der Beweglichkeitsspektren von „natürlichen“ Luftionen und der verwendeten Meßverfahren (S. 915); Kohnen, H.: Über die Beziehung zwischen seismischen Geschwindigkeiten und der Dichte in Firn und Eis (S. 925); D. Heye und H. Meyer: Ein Meßverfahren zur paläomagnetischen Messung an Tiefseesedimentkernen an Bord eines Schiffes (S. 937); Ernstson, K.: Geoelektrische Messungen im Nördlinger Ries ‒ Zum Verlauf des inneren Walls (S. 949); ‒ Brief an den Herausgeber ‒ R. Kramm, K. Schlegel and W. Weiss: Partial Reflection Measurements with FM-CW ‒ A Preliminary Investigation (S. 953); ‒ Brief an den Herausgeber ‒ Losecke, W.: Über die Bestimmung von Salzstockgrenzflächen mit Hilfe der Magnetotellurik (S. 959); Buchbesprechungen (S. 963).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Aurora ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Magnetosphäre ; Ozeanografie ; Paläomagnetismus ; Sedimente ; Seismik ; Tiefsee ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 5
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Rastogi, R. G.: Some Aspects of the F2 Region at Medium Latitudes of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (S. 217); Freiburg, Ch. und W. Kertz: Anordnung von Stabmagneten zur Erzeugung homogener Feldbereiche (S. 227); Schulz, G.: Über ein Refraktionsproblem (S. 236); Haalck, F. und R. Schulze: Die mit dem UTM erreichbare Genauigkeit (S. 246); Brockamp, B.: Zur hypsographischen Kurve des Mondes (S. 271).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geodäsie ; Ionosphäre ; Magnetismus ; Mond ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 6
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS : SCHEUBE, H.-G. und J. UNTIEDT: Magnetische Messungen in der Rhön im Rahmen einer Studienfahrt . . . 283 ; HEINRICH, H.: Elastische Wellen in Eis . . . 293 ; SCHEIDEGGER, A. E.: Großtektonische Bedeutung von Erdbebenherdmechanismen . . . 300 ; Voos, K.: Über die Gestalt und das Schwerefeld der Erde . . . 313 ; PLAUMANN, S.: Berechnung der Schwerewirkung beliebig geformter dreidimensionaler Massen mit Hilfe von Auszähldiagrammen . . . 327 ; MEITZNER,W.: Zur Anwendung der FÖRSTER-Sonde bei gesteinsmagnetischen Arbeiten . . . 332 ; SOFFEL, H.: Magnetic domains of polycrystalline natural magnetite . . . 345 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Erdbeben ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Magnetismus ; Mineralogie ; Wellen
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 7
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : Übersichtsartikel: ENGELHARD, L.: Absorptionszellen-Magnetometer . . . l ; MÜLLER, H. J: Suche nach einer systematischen Änderung im Laufe des Jahres in der Phase der zweiten Harmonischen der täglichen Variation der kosmischen Strahlung . . . 39 ; CASTEN, U. and H. HIRSCHLEBER: Seismic Measurements in Jutland 1969 . . . 47 ; DRESEN, L.: Amplitudenuntersuchungen an seismischen Wellen zur Charakterisierung von Verwitterungsschichten mit vertikalem Geschwindigkeitsanstieg . . . 71 ; FUCHS, K: The Method of Stationary Phase Applied to the Reflection of Spherical Waves from Transition Zones with Arbitrary Depth-Dependent Elastic Moduli and Density . . . 89 ; HÄNEL, R.: Bestimmungen der terrestrischen Warmestromdichte in Deutschland . . . 119 , HÉDERVÁRI, P.: Map of Tectonic Flux of Japan . . . 135 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: KIND, R.: Berechnung der Quellenfunktion einer Explosion im Flachwasser mittels einer Dekonvolutionsmethode . . . 141 ; WEICHERT, D. H.: Short-Period Spectral Discriminant for Earthquake-Explosion Differentiation . . . 147 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Aurora ; Azur Satellit ; Erdkern ; Geoelektrik ; Geologie ; Geomagnetismus ; Ionosphäre ; Seismik ; Strahlung ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 8
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Probleme des Gesteins- und Paläomagnetismus. INHALTSVERZEICHNIS : SOFFEL, H.‚und N. PETERSEN: Vorwort . . . 303 ; BLEIL, U.: Cation Distribution in Titanomagnetites . . . 305 ; O’REILLY, W.‚ and P. W. READMAN: The Preparation and Unimixing of Cation Deficient Titanomagnetites . . . 321 ; READMAN, P. W., and W. O’REILLY: Oxidation Processes in Titanomagnetites . . . 329 ; PRÉVOT, M.: A Method for Identifying Naturally Occuring Titanomagnetites . . . . 339 ; PUCHER, R.: Magnetic and X-Ray Diffraction Measurements of the Synthetic Spinel System FeFe2O4 — MgFe2O4 — NiFe2O4 . . . . 349 ; SCHULT, A.: On the Strength of Exchange Interactions in Titanomagnetites and its Relation to Self-Reversal of Magnetization . . . . 357 ; HARGRAVES, R. B.‚ and N. PETERSEN: Notes on the Correlation between Petrology and Magnetic Properties of Basaltic Rocks . . . 367 ; CREER, K. M.: Geophysical Interpretation of Remanent Magnetization in Oxidized Basalts . . . 383 ; HEDLEY, I. G.: The Weak Ferromagnetism of Geothite . . . . 409 ; SCHMIDBAUER, E.: Magnetization of Fe-Cr Spinels and its Application for the Identification of Such Ferrites in Rocks . . . 421 ; SCHMIDBAUER, E.: Electrical Resistivity of Fe-Cr Spinels . . . 425 ; MANSON, A. J. : Rotational Hysteresis Measurements on Oxidized Synthetic and Natural Titanomagnetites . . . 431 ; ANDERS, W.: Untersuchung von Gesteinen mit ferrimagnetischen Mineralen mittels der Resonanz der Spin-Präzession der die Erscheinung des Ferromagnetismus bewirkenden Elektronen . . . 443 ; SOFFEL, H.: The Single Domain — Multidomain Transition in Natural Intermediate Titanomagnetites . . . 451 ; BIQUAND, D. ‚ and M. PRÉVOT: A.F.-Demagnetization of Viscous Remanent Magnetization in Rocks . . . 471 ; STORETVEDT, K. M.: Some Paleomagnetic Problems of Strongly Oxidized Rocks . . . 487 ; BUREK, P. J.: An Advanced Device for Chemical Demagnetization of Red Beds . . . 493 ; MARKERT, H., and N. STEIGENBERGER: On the Size Distribution of Submicroscopic Magnetite and Titanomagnetite Fine Particles in Basalt . . . 499 ; SOFFEL, H.: The Effect of Radiation with Fast Neutrons on the Saturation Remanence of a Basalt . . . 519 ; MARKERT, H.: On Some Magnetic and Magneto-Optic Properties to be Studied on Fine Precipitations in Glasses . . . 525 ; POHL, J.: On the Origin of the Magnetization of Impact Breccias on Earth . . . 549 ; HELLER, F.: Remanent Magnetization of the Bergell Granite . . .557 ; MÄUSSNEST, O.: Anomalien des erdmagnetischen Feldes im Gebiet der jungen Vulkane Südwestdeutschlands . . . 573 ; BOCK, G.‚ and H. STOFFEL: Paleomagnetic Investigation on Igneous Rocks from the Rhön, Germany . . . 581 ; WAGNER, J. J.: Rockmagnetic Studies on Ophiolites from Montgenevre (French-Italian Alps) . . . 589 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Alpen ; Geomagnetismus ; Magnetismus ; Paleomagnetism ; Petrologie ; Rhön ; Strahlung ; Vulkanismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 9
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS : GUTLINO, G.: Ausbau eines Wechsellichtmonochromators und seine Anwendung zur Messung des Luftleuchtens während der Dämmerung und in der Nacht . . . 115 ; RAHMAN, A.: A New Type of Wave Discovered in the Schlieren Photographs . . . 146 ; KUHN, W.: Zur Theorie der endlichen elastischen Verschiebungen und ihre Anwendung auf isotrope elastische Körper, die unter beliebigen Anfangsverzerrungen stehen . . . 159 ; MÜNCH, J. Das Auftreten von pc-Pulsationen des erdmagnetischen Feldes in Abhängigkeit von der erdmagnetischen Aktivität . . . 192 ; DUTTA. S.: Note on the Propagation of Love-Waves in a Two-Layer Heterogeneous Medium . . . 200 ; EDER, G.: Der Zuwachs des Erdradius . . . 206 ; STILLER, H. und H. VOLLSTÄDT: Bestimmung ferri- und antiferromagnetischer CURIE-Temperaturen mittels Differentialthermoanalye . . . 212 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber . . . 219 ; Mitteilungen . . . 222 ; Buchbesprechung . . . 223 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; Licht ; Magnetismus ; Mechanik ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 10
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält Artikel zu Themengebieten des Erdmagnetismus und der Ionosphäre, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1970.
    Description: 〈ul style="line-height:2;"〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0004.pdf"〉Heft 1〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0005.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0006.pdf"〉Inhaltsverzeichnis 〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0007.pdf"〉[Impressum]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0008.pdf"〉Satellite Techniques for Observing Water Vapor-Height Profiles (Bolle, H.-J.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0015.pdf"〉Time Variation of Low Energy Protons in the Inner Radiation Belt (Achtermann, E., Freden, S. C., Hovestadt, D.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0017.pdf"〉Solarer Wind und Halbjahreswelle der erdmagnetischen Aktivität (Siebert, M.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0019.pdf"〉A Method for the Interpretation of Ionospheric Absorption Measurements during the Sunrise Effect in the D-Region (Cumme, G., Knuth, R., Wagner, C.-U.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0023.pdf"〉Simultane Beobachtungen verschiedener ionosphärischer Phänomene während des erdmagnetischen Sturmes vom 31. Oktober bis 2. November 1968 (Czechowsky, P., Kochan, H., Lange-Hesse, G., Lauche, H., Möller, H. G.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0026.pdf"〉Laufzeitanomalien von P-Wellen, beobachtet an den Stationen Stuttgart und Strasbourg (Röwer, P.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0027.pdf"〉Buchbesprechungen (Israël, H., Roesner, H. A.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0028.pdf"〉[Werbung]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/ul〉
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGG
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Erdmagnetismus ; Geomagnetismus ; Ionosphäre ; Ionosphere ; Strahlung ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 11
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Raschke, E.: Die Strahlungsbilanz des Systems Erde-Atmosphäre — neuere Ergebnisse von Satellitenmessungen (S. 967); Harjes, H.-P.: Seismic Waves in Inhomogeneous Media (S. 1001); Haenel, R.: Heat Flow Measurements in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden (S. 1035); ‒ Brief an den Herausgeber ‒ G. WINTERER: Messung der Horizontalkomponente der elektrostatischen Feldstärke in der niederen Atmosphäre (S. 1049); ‒ Brief an den Herausgeber ‒ D. HEYE,: Ein Meßverfahren zur paläomagnetischen Untersuchung von Lockersedimenten im Gelände (S. 1055); ‒ Brief an den Herausgeber ‒ S. THYSSEN-BORNEMISZA,: Possible Improvement of Seismic Signal to Noise Ratio by Vertical Gravity Gradients (S. 1059).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Geoelektrik ; Gravitation ; Sedimente ; Seismik ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 12
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Übersichtsartikel: Dohr, G.: Reflexionsseismische Tiefensondierung (S. 193); Behle, A., W. Ehrismann, J. Makris, H. Menzel, O. Rosenbach und P. Steinhauser: Gravimetrische Untersuchungen in den Ostalpen II (Meßgebiet Salzburg ‒ Kärnten ‒ Tirol) (S. 221); Grafarend, E.: Isotropietests von Lotabweichungsverteilungen in Westdeutschland II (S. 243); Weidelt, P.: The Inverse Problem of Geomagnetic Induction (S. 257); Böhm, J.: Measurements of MeV-Electrons During the Recovery-Phase of a Polar Magnetic Substorm on March 6, 1970 (S. 291); Voigt, G.-H.: A Three Dimensional, Analytical Magnetospheric Model With Defined Magnetopause (S. 319); In memoriam KARL JUNG (S. 347); Buchbesprechungen (S. 351).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Magnetosphäre ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 13
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält Artikel zu Themengebieten der Geophysik, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1970.
    Description: 〈ul style="line-height:2;"〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0113.pdf"〉Heft 5〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0114.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0115.pdf"〉Inhaltsverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0116.pdf"〉[Impressum]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0117.pdf"〉A Possible Scattering Mechanism for Lunar Seismic Waves (Berckhemer, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0119.pdf"〉On the Determination of Velocity Depth Distributions of Elastic Waves from the Dynamic Characteristics of the Reflected Wave Field (Fuchs, K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0125.pdf"〉Auswertung seeseismischer Messungen mit einer digitalen Methode unter Anwendung der Theorie der Schallwellenausbreitung im Flachwasser (Kind, R.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0128.pdf"〉On Chemical Magnetization in Some Permian Lava Flows of Southern Norway (Storetvedt, K. M., Petersen, N.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0132.pdf"〉Auswertung von Gravimeter-Messungen in der Münchberger Gneismasse längs eines Profils von Konradsreuth nach Niederlamitz (Soffel, H., Peters, K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0133.pdf"〉Deutung der Schwereanomalien im Nördlinger Ries (Kahle, H.-G.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0135.pdf"〉Eine Methode zur direkten Bestimmung der sogenannten "Geometrischen Tortuosität" (Bitterlich, W., Wöbking, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0137.pdf"〉Observations With Synchronously-Offset Beams on a 77 km path at 1.8 and 4 cm (Jeske, H., Seehars, H. D., Pucher, G., Cassebaum, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0139.pdf"〉Scattering of Seismic Waves and Lunar Seismograms (Strobach, K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0140.pdf"〉Berechnung eines Stromsystems in der Polaren E-Region (Czechowsky, P.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0141.pdf"〉Mitteilung〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0142.pdf"〉Buchbesprechungen (Zürn, W., Seiler, E., Theile, B., Diem, Walk, )〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0143.pdf"〉[Werbung]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/ul〉
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGG
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Erdmagnetismus ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Gravimetrie ; Seismik ; Seismology ; Strahlung ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 14
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Behrens, J.:Refraktionsseismische Messungen auf See (S. 161); Bosum, W.: Erdmagnetische Messungen im Deckdiabasgebiet der Dillmulde und ihre Auswertung [Fortsetzung] (S. 177).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Geomagnetismus ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 15
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : Übersichtsartikel: GEYH, M. A.: Der Radiokohlenstoff und seine Rolle in der geowissenschaftlichen Forschung . . . 909 ; FUCHS, K., D. MAYER-ROSA, and F. LIEBAU: Lateral Inhomogenities of the Earth‘s Mantle and Their Petrological Interpretation . . . 937 ; FIELITZ, K.: Elastische Wellengeschwindigkeiten in verschiedenen Gesteinen unter hohem Druck und bei Temperaturen bis 750 °C . . . 943 ; PARTSCH, W.: Ein gravimetrisches Modell der Erdkruste im Gebiet der Ostalpen . . . 957 ; HAENEL, R.: Heat Flow Measurements and a First Flow Map of Germany . . . 975 ; FLACH, D., O. ROSENBACH, and H. WILHELM: Tidal Analyses of Simulation Records Taken ba Two Askania Borehole Tiltmeters . . . 993 ; FLACH, D., G. JENTZSCH, O. ROSENBACH, and H. WILHELM: Ball-Calibration of the Askania Borehole Tiltmeter (Earth Tide Pendulum) . . . 1005 ; RICHTER, I.: Eine Gradientschicht im oberen Teil der Erdkruste als Wellenleiter von Raumwellen . . . 1013 ; BJÖRNSSON, A., O. HILDEBRAND, and H. VOELKER: First Observational Results of Geomagnetic pi2 and pc5 Pulsations on a North-South Profile through Europe . . . 1031 ; KOTADIA, K. M., and B. M. PATEL: Ionosperic Absorption of Radio Waves on 1.725 MHz and the Winter Anomaly during Sunspot Minimum . . . 1043 ; MÜHLEISEN, R., H.-J. FISCHER and H. HOFMANN: Horizontal Electric Fields in Ionosphere Derived from Air Electric Measurements . . . 1055 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Alpen ; Alps ; Askania Borehole Tiltmeter ; C-14 ; Earth’s Mantle ; Erdmantel ; Geomagnetismus ; Geothermie ; Geothermics ; Ionosphäre ; Ionosphere ; Luftelektrizität ; Tiden ; waves ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 16
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : Übersichtsartikel: ENGELHARD, L.: Absorptionszellen-Magnetometer . . . l ; MÜLLER, H. J: Suche nach einer systematischen Änderung im Laufe des Jahres in der Phase der zweiten Harmonischen der täglichen Variation der kosmischen Strahlung . . . 39 ; CASTEN, U. and H. HIRSCHLEBER: Seismic Measurements in Jutland 1969 . . . 47 ; DRESEN, L.: Amplitudenuntersuchungen an seismischen Wellen zur Charakterisierung von Verwitterungsschichten mit vertikalem Geschwindigkeitsanstieg . . . 71 ; FUCHS, K: The Method of Stationary Phase Applied to the Reflection of Spherical Waves from Transition Zones with Arbitrary Depth-Dependent Elastic Moduli and Density . . . 89 ; HÄNEL, R.: Bestimmungen der terrestrischen Warmestromdichte in Deutschland . . . 119 , HÉDERVÁRI, P.: Map of Tectonic Flux of Japan . . . 135 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber: KIND, R.: Berechnung der Quellenfunktion einer Explosion im Flachwasser mittels einer Dekonvolutionsmethode . . . 141 ; WEICHERT, D. H.: Short-Period Spectral Discriminant for Earthquake-Explosion Differentiation . . . 147 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Geothermie ; Magnetismus ; Seismik ; Strahlung ; Tektonik ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 17
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : STUKENBRÖKER, B.: Ergebnisse von Erdgezeiten-Parallelregistrierungen mit drei ASKANIA-Gravimetern . . . 1 ; DRIMMEL, J., G. GANGL, R. GUTDEUTSCH, M. KOENIG und E. TRAPP: Modellseismische Experimente zur Interpretation makroseismischer Daten aus dem Bereich der Ostalpen . . . 21 ; BORM, G.: Solutions of Boundary Value Problems of Multilayer Analogs of Geoelectrics and Hydrology . . . 41 ; JACOBY, W. R.: Isostasie und Dichteverteilung in Kruste und oberem Mantel . . . . . . 79 ; BUNTEBARTH, G.: Modellberechnungen zur Temperatur-Tiefen-Verteilung im Bereich der Alpen und des Alpenvorlandes . . . 97 ; BUNTEBARTH, G.: Über die Größe der thermisch bedingten Bouguer-Anomalie in den Alpen . . . 109 ; EHRISMANN‚ W.‚ W. LEPPICH, O. LETTAU, O. ROSENBACH und P. STEINHAUSER: Gravimetrische Detail-Untersuchungen in den westlichen Hohen Tauern . . . 115 ; EHRISMANN, W.: Ein allgemeines Verfahren zur digitalen Berechnung der Schwerewirkung von Modellkörpern . . . 131 ; KAHLE, H.-G., and M. TALWANI: Gravimetric Indian Ocean Geoid . . . 167 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Alpen ; Alpenvorland ; Erdmantel ; Geoelectrics ; Geoelektrik ; Gravimetrie ; Gravitation ; Hohen Tauern ; Hydrologie ; Hydrology ; Indian Ocean ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 18
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: 〈b〉Inhaltsverzeichnis :〈/b〉 〈br /〉 Übersichtsartikel: EIDEN, R. und G. ESCHELBACH: Das atmosphärische Aerosol und seine Bedeutung für den Energiehaushalt der Atmosphäre . . . 189 〈br /〉 MÜLLER, G.: Theoretical Body Wave Seismograms for Media with Spherical Symmetry — Discussion and Comparison of Approximate Methods . . . 229 〈br /〉 SCHICK, R., and M. RIUSCETTI: An Analysis of Volcanic Tremors at South Italian Volcanoes . . . 247 〈br /〉 FRÖHLICH, R. K.: Combined Magnetic and Geoelectrical Investigations over Lava Flows in the Volcanic Zone of the Laacher See, West Germany . . . 263 〈br /〉 MAKRIS, J., J. ZIMMERMANN, H. C. BACHEM, and B. RITTER: Gravity Survey of South AFAR, Ethiopia . . . 279 〈br /〉 BRÜCKL, E., und W. FÜRLINGER: Ein Vergleich von geologischen Gefügeaufnahmen mit seismischen Messungen . . . 291 〈br /〉 As, J. A.: The Compensation Method for Measuring the Components of the Earth’s Magnetic Field . . . 303 〈br /〉 Briefe an den Herausgeber: FUCHS, K.: The Fine Structure of the Lower Lithosphere — a Possible Marker for its Vertical Deformation . . . 313 〈br /〉 LAUDATIO zur Verleihung der Emil-Wiechert-Medaille an Prof. Dr. LUDWIG BIERMANN . . . 317 〈br /〉 In memoriom GÜNTER DIETRICH . . . 319 〈br /〉
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Deformation ; Ethiopia ; Geoelectrics ; Geomagnetism ; Geomagnetismus ; Germany ; Gravitation ; Gravity ; Italy ; Laacher See ; Lithosphere ; Seismik ; Seismics ; Volcanism ; Vulkanismus ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 19
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält Artikel zu Themengebieten des Erdmagnetismus und der Ionosphäre, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1970.
    Description: 〈ul style="line-height:2;"〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0088.pdf"〉Heft 4〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0089.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0090.pdf"〉Inhaltsverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0091.pdf"〉[Impressum]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0092.pdf"〉Geophysics and Germany, Men and Enterprises (Chapman, S.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0093.pdf"〉Investigation of the Auroral Electrojet (Heinrich, H., Reimer, D., Siemann, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0095.pdf"〉Plasmamessungen im Polarlicht-Elektrojet und daraus erschlossene elektrische Felder (Kist, R., Spenner, K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0097.pdf"〉Polarisationsmessungen an künstlichen Bariumwolken (Möller, G. F., Haser, L.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0098.pdf"〉Der Forschungssatellit AZUR (Keppler, E.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0101.pdf"〉Crustal Structure of the Western United States from Seismic-Refraction Measurements in Comparison with Central European Results (Prodehl, C.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0105.pdf"〉MARS 66. Eine Magnetbandapparatur für seismische Tiefensondierung (Berckheimer, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0109.pdf"〉Recordings with Askania Gravimeters Before and After Important Earthquakes (Kizawa, T.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0111.pdf"〉Ergänzung zu "In memoriam Otto Lucke" (Heft 6/1969, S. 6-8) (Fanselau, G.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0112.pdf"〉[Werbung]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/ul〉
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGG
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Erdmagnetismus ; Geomagnetismus ; Geophysik ; Ionosphäre ; Ionosphere ; Seismik ; Seismology ; Strahlung ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 20
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Berckhemer H, und W. Hiller: Kurzperiodische Stationsseismographen mit Trägerfrequenzverstärker und mechanischer Registrierung (S. 1); Brockhaus, K. und H. C. Joksch. Bestimmung der hypsometrischen Kurve des Mondes aus Beobachtungen von J. Franz (S. 9); Behnke, Cl.: Über Speicherung mehrerer durch Flüssigkeitsfunken erzeugter seismischer Impulse auf einem einzigen magnetischen Tonträger (S. 24); Kautzleben, H.: Ergänzung zur Arbeit: Über das geomagnetische Normalfeld nach Fanselau (S. 41); Lucke, 0.: Bemerkungen zur Dissertation von A. Vogel: Über die Unregelmäßigkeiten der äußeren Begrenzung des Erdkerns (S. 50).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Erdkern ; Geomagnetismus ; Mond ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 21
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält Artikel zu Themengebieten der Geophysik, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1970.
    Description: 〈ul style="line-height:2;"〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0029.pdf"〉Heft 2〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0030.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0031.pdf"〉Inhaltsverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0032.pdf"〉[Impressum]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0033.pdf"〉The Influence of the Dislocation Density and Inclusions on the Coercive Force of Multidomain Titanomagnetites of the Composition 0.65 Fe₂TiO₄ 0.35 Fe₃0₄ in Basalts as Deduced from Domain Structure Observations (Soffel, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0036.pdf"〉Sonneneruptionseffekte in der Ionosphäre beobachtet in Lindau zwischen dem 27. Oktober und 2. November 1968 (Schwentek, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0039.pdf"〉Elektronendichte-Messungen in der Ionosphäre mit einer neuartigen Hochfrequenz-Impedanzsonde (Melzner, F., Rabben, H. H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0041.pdf"〉Über die Pitchwinkelverteilung von Elektronenflüssen mit Energien E〉40 keV in der Polarlichtzone (Rossberg, L.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0042.pdf"〉Raketenexperiment zur Untersuchung von Nordlichtern. Messergebnisse des Protonendetektors EI 101 (Kirsch, E.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0044.pdf"〉Schlierenoptische Untersuchungen an seismischen Gelmodellen mit photometrischer Auswertung des Wellenfeldes (Kozák, J., Waniek, L.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0046.pdf"〉Notes on Wave Theories for the Propagation of T-, Lg-, Rg-, G-Waves and Microseisms from Storms over Deep Sea (Bose, S. K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0047.pdf"〉A method for Determining Source Parameters of Small Magnitude Earthquakes (Schick, R.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0053.pdf"〉Überprüfung der Isostasie durch tiefenseismische Sondierungen (Vetter, U., Meissener, R.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0055.pdf"〉Über die Struktur des Reykjanes-Rückens nach den Ergebnissen reflexionsseismischer Messungen (Ariç, K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0056.pdf"〉In memoriam Friedrich Burmeister (Wienert, K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0057.pdf"〉[Werbung]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/ul〉
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGG
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Geophysik ; Aurora ; Earthquakes ; Erdbeben ; Ionosphäre ; Seismik ; Waves ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 22
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Übersichtsartikel: Behrens, J. und L. Waniek: Modellseismik (S. 1); Behle, A., W. Ehrismann, J. Makris, H. Menzel, C. Morelli und O. Rosenbach: Gravimetrische Untersuchungen in den Ostalpen I (Meßgebiet Mittenwald ‒ Innsbruck ‒ Verona) (S. 45); Koch, K. R.: Geophysical Interpretation of Density Anomalies of the Earth Computed from Satellite Observations and Gravity Measurements (S. 75); Haak, V.: Magnetotellurik: Bestimmung der Übertragungsfunktionen in Gebieten mit lateraler Änderung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit (S. 85) Reitmayr, G.: Die bevorzugten Polarisationsrichtungen des natürlichen erdelektrischen Feldes im Gebiet des Oberrhein-Grabens (S. 103); Caner, B. and H. Dragert: Instrumentation for Wide-Frequency-Band (0.01 - 100 Millihertz) Geomagnetic Induction Work (S. 121); Beblo, M.: Ein transportabler, netzunabhängiger Elektrograph für Dauerregistrierungen des induzierten erdelektrischen Feldes (S. 133); Tiefenau, H., P. G. Pruchniewicz and P. Fabian: Meridional Distribution of Tropospheric Ozone from Measurements Aboard Commercial Airliners (S. 145); Harth, W.: Die Beschreibung von VLF-Atmospherics-Parametern mit dem Wait-und-Walters-Modell (S. 153); Schödel, J. P., und J. W. Münch: Methode zur Untersuchung der spektralen Frequenzverteilung von Schwerewellen in der Ionosphäre (S.169); Briefe an den Herausgeber: Schröder, W.: Untersuchungen zur Tunguska-Katastrophe und den hochatmosphärischen Erhellungen vom 30. Juni 1908 (S. 179); Ernstson, K.: Bemerkungen zum Artikel von L. Engelhard über geoelektrische und magnetische Messungen im Nördlinger Ries (Z. Geophys. 37 (4), 667, 1971) (S. 183); Engelhard, L.: Zur Kritik von K. Ernstson an dem Artikel von L. Engelhard über geoelektrische und magnetische Messungen im Nördlinger Ries (Z. Geophys. 37 (4), 667, 1971) (S. 185); Buchbesprechungen (S. 189).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Geschichte ; Gravitation ; Ionosphäre ; Magnetismus ; Troposphäre ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 23
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Brocks, K.: Wechselwirkung Ozean-Atmosphäre (S. 675); Moritz, J.: Energetic Protons at Low Equatorial Altitudes (S.701); Rinnert, K.: Untersuchungen der unteren Ionosphäre mit Hilfe der Längstwellenausbreitung über große Entfernungen (S. 719); Bosum, W. und E. G. Kind: Die magnetische Anomalie von SOEST (S. 749); Mäussnest, O.: Magnetische Feldmessungen in der Hegau-Vulkanprovinz (SW-Deutschland) (S. 767); Töpfer, K. D.: Zur Berechnung des spez. Widerstandes von reinen unverfestigten Sanden (S. 773);
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Ionosphäre ; Ozeanografie ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 24
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : Übersichtsartikel: MENZEL, H: Tiefseekuppen . . . 595 ; MÜNCH, J., und W. DEMPEWOLF: Die Ablage der Orientierungsrichtung des Satelliten Azur von der Richtung des erdmagnetischen Feldes . . . 627 ; GHAZI, A., et al.: Studies on Total Ozone over Cologne . . . 641 ; Weidelt, P.: The Electromanetic Induction in Two Thin Half-Sheets . . . 649 ; ENGELHARD, L.: Geoelektrische und magnetische Messungen im Nördlinger Ries . . . 667 ; SCHLEUSENER, A. and W. Torge: Investigatione of Secular Gravity Variations in Iceland . . .679 ; JELITTO, R. J:: Vorbemerkungen zum Artikel von G. Borm über den Schwimmzustand bei sehr großen Massen . . . 703 ; BORM, G.: Über den Schwimmzustand bei sehr großen Massen . . . 707 ; GRAFAREND, E: Isotropietests von Lotabweichungsverteilungen inWestdeutschland I . . . 719 ; THYSSEN-BORNEMISZA, S. And W. R. JACOBY: Verticat Gradients of Gravity for Areal Density Contrast Exploration . . . 735 ; Briefe an den Herausgeber : MAJUMDAR, R. K:, and S. H. RAO: An Alignmant Chart for Gravity Elevation Correction . . . 743 ; THYSSEN-BORNEMISZA, S., and E. Groten: Principle of an Absolutet Gravity Meter and Gradiometer System . . . 747 ; In memoriam ALFRED EHMERT . . . 751 ; Buchbesprechungen . . . 754 ,
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Atmosphere ; Azur Satellit ; Elektrodynamik ; Flotation ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravimetrie ; Gravitation ; Gravity ; Iceland ; Meeresboden ; Nördlinger Ries ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 25
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : Übersichtsartikel: Neue Ergebnisse und Probleme in der Luftelektrizität . . . 759 ; Übersichtsartikel: RIEGER, E.:Messungen des elektrischen Feldes in der oberen Atmosphäre . . . 795 ; LEITINGER, R.: Untersuchungen über die Höhenabhängigkeit der halbtägigen gravitationserregten Gezeiten der Atmosphäre . . . 835 ; POHL, J., .und H. SOFFEL: Paleomagnetic Age Determination of the Rochechourt Impact Structure (France) . . . 857 ; STEINWACHS, M: Interpretation von Mikroerdbebenregistrierungen in Westgriechenland . . . 867 ; FRÖHLICH, R. K.: Gravity Investigations over a Salt Structure near Lübbecke, Northern Germany . . . 883 ; KARDEVÁN, P.: Die Verwendung der exponentiellen Periodenverteilung zur Feststellung der Resonanzstellen des Untergrundes aus Registrierungen industrieller Bodenunruhe . . . 899 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Erdbeben ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Gravity ; Luftelektrizität ; Paleomagnetism ; Seismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
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  • 26
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (Archiv der DGG in Leipzig) | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALTSVERZEICHNIS : BOSE, S. K.: Generation of Lg-Waves and S-Velocity Distribution in the Crust . . . 1 ; JUNG, K., MENZEL, H., und O. ROSENBACH: Gravimetermessungen im Nördlinger Ries . . . 7 ; RASTOGI, R. G.: Lunar Tidal Oscillations in H and f0F2 at Equatorial Stations . . . 27 ; PETERSCHMITT, E., MENZEL, H.‚ und K. FUCHS: Seismische Messungen in den Alpen. - Die Beobachtungen auf dem NE-Profil Lago Lagorai 1962 und ihre vorläufige Auswertung . . . 41 ; Kurzmitteilung . . . 50 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Gravimetrie ; Gravitation ; Seismik ; Tiden ; waves ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 27
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: INHALT: Vogler, G.: Ursachen emanometrischer Anomalien (S. 57); Budde, E.: Der Beweglichkeitskoeffizient der Radium-Emanation in Lockergesteinen (S. 72); Irsraël, H. und H. Dolezalek: Zur Vergleichbarkeit luftelektrischer Messungen (S. 77); Seibold, E. und R. Wiegert: Untersuchungen des zeitlichen Ablaufs der Sedimentation im Malo Jezero (Mljet, Adria) auf Periodizitäten (S. 87).
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Radioaktivität ; Radon ; Sedimente ; Strahlung ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 28
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält Artikel zu Themengebieten der Geophysik, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1970.
    Description: 〈ul style="line-height:2;"〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0144.pdf"〉Heft 6〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0145.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0146.pdf"〉Inhaltsverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0147.pdf"〉[Impressum]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0148.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0149.pdf"〉Namensverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0150.pdf"〉Sachverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0151.pdf"〉Scattering of Low-Frequency Sound in the Ocean (Essen, H.-H., Hasselmann, K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0154.pdf"〉Ringstromindizes und asymmetrischer Ringstrom (Schreiber, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0156.pdf"〉Natürliche Radioaktivität der Luft in Abhängigkeit von der Temperaturschichtung und der Windgeschwindigkeit (Trippler, K.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0159.pdf"〉Eine säkulare Schwingung des erdmagnetischen Quadrupolfeldes als Ursache einer Änderung der Erdrotation (Wilhelm, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0163.pdf"〉Eine neue Methode zur Bestimmung der terretrischen Wärmestromdichte in Binnenseen (Hänel, R.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0164.pdf"〉Versuch einer Einteilung von Gesteinen nach gefügekundlichen und elektrischen Größen (Bitterlich, W., Wöbking, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0165.pdf"〉Ionenbahnen in einem platten- und zylinderförmigen Aspirationskondensator bei ebenem bzw. parabolischem Luftgeschwindigkeitsprofil (Eichmeier, J.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0167.pdf"〉Ein einfacher elektronischer Entzerrer für Seismometer (Wielandt, E.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0169.pdf"〉A Direct Demonstration of the Lunar Barometric Tide (Haurwitz, B., Cowley, D.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0171.pdf"〉Buchbesprechungen (Walk, Czerwinski, Haug, H., Schick, R., Kertz, W.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0172.pdf"〉[Werbung]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/ul〉
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGG
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Atmosphäre ; Elektrodynamik ; Geoelektrik ; Radioaktivität ; Seismik ; Strahlung ; Tiden ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 29
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Vaněk, J.: Seismological Evidence on Discontinuities in the Mantle (S. 355); Davydova, N. I., I. P. Kosminskaya, N. K. Kapustian and G. G. Michota: Models of the Earth’s Crust and M-Boundary (S. 369); Giese, P.: The Special Structure of the PMP Traveltime Curve (395); Tregub, F. S.: Relation between P-Wave Amplitudes and Discontinuities in the Earth’s Crust (S. 407); Beranek, B.: The Results of Deep Seismic Sounding in Czechoslovakia (S. 415); Christoskov, L.: On the Amplitude Curves of Body Waves for Short Epicentral Distances and Their Oscillatory Character (S. 429); Ruprechtová, L.: Recent Interpretation of the Core Discontinuities (S. 441); Choudhury, M. A.: P-Wave Attenuation in the Mantle (S. 447); Galkin, I. N., V. T. Levshenko, V. I. Myachkin and A. V. Nikolayev: Inhomogeneity of the Earth with Respect to Physical Processes of Earthquakes (S. 455); Babuška, V.: Anisotropy of the Upper Mantle Rocks (S. 461); Červený, V.: Theory of Elastic Wave Propagation in Inhomogeneous Media (S. 469); Behrens, J., R. Bortfeld, G. Gommlich and K. Köhler: Interpretation of Discontinuities by Seismic Imaging (S. 481); Červený, V. and J. Zahradník: Amplitude-Distance Curves of Seismic Body Waves in the Neighbourhood of Critical Points and Caustics — A Comparison (S. 499); Richards, P. G.: Seismic Waves Reflected from Velocity Gradient Anomalies within the Earth’s Upper Mantle (S. 517); Nedoma, J.: Investigation of Linear Harmonic Field of SH-Waves in a Stratified Inhomogeneous Medium Using the Finite Difference Method (S. 529); Plešinger, A. and R. Vích: On the Identification of Seismometric systems and the Correction of Recorded Signals for Identified Transfer Functions (S. 543); Vaněk, J.: Seismological Evidence on Discontinuities in the Mantle (S. 355); Davydova, N. I., I. P. Kosminskaya, N. K. Kapustian and G. G. Michota: Models of the Earth’s Crust and M-Boundary (S. 369); Giese, P.: The Special Structure of the PMP Traveltime Curve (395); Tregub, F. S.: Relation between P-Wave Amplitudes and Discontinuities in the Earth’s Crust (S. 407); Beranek, B.: The Results of Deep Seismic Sounding in Czechoslovakia (S. 415); Christoskov, L.: On the Amplitude Curves of Body Waves for Short Epicentral Distances and Their Oscillatory Character (S. 429); Ruprechtová, L.: Recent Interpretation of the Core Discontinuities (S. 441); Choudhury, M. A.: P-Wave Attenuation in the Mantle (S. 447); Galkin, I. N., V. T. Levshenko, V. I. Myachkin and A. V. Nikolayev: Inhomogeneity of the Earth with Respect to Physical Processes of Earthquakes (S. 455); Babuška, V.: Anisotropy of the Upper Mantle Rocks (S. 461); Červený, V.: Theory of Elastic Wave Propagation in Inhomogeneous Media (S. 469); Behrens, J., R. Bortfeld, G. Gommlich and K. Köhler: Interpretation of Discontinuities by Seismic Imaging (S. 481); Červený, V. and J. Zahradník: Amplitude-Distance Curves of Seismic Body Waves in the Neighbourhood of Critical Points and Caustics — A Comparison (S. 499); Richards, P. G.: Seismic Waves Reflected from Velocity Gradient Anomalies within the Earth’s Upper Mantle (S. 517); Nedoma, J.: Investigation of Linear Harmonic Field of SH-Waves in a Stratified Inhomogeneous Medium Using the Finite Difference Method (S. 529); Plešinger, A. and R. Vích: On the Identification of Seismometric systems and the Correction of Recorded Signals for Identified Transfer Functions (S. 543);
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Erdbeben ; Erdkern ; Erdmantel ; Diskontinuität ; Seismik ; Wellen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: English
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    Physika-Verlag, Würzburg
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar | 8 Z NAT 2148
    Publication Date: 2022-02-28
    Description: Dieser Band enthält Artikel zu Themengebieten der Geophysik, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1970.
    Description: 〈ul style="line-height:2;"〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0058.pdf"〉Heft 3〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0059.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0060.pdf"〉Inhaltsverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0061.pdf"〉[Impressum]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0062.pdf"〉Die Theorien der thermoremanenten Magnetisierung von Gesteinen (Soffel, H.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0065.pdf"〉Natural Magnetization of Deep Core Samples of Basaltic Rocks from Brazil (Schult, A.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0069.pdf"〉Crustal Structure of the East African Rift System from Spectral Response Ratios of Long-Period Body Waves (Bonjer, K.-P., Fuchs, K., Wohlenberg, J.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0071.pdf"〉Crustal Investigation from Gravity Measurements at the Scarp of the Ethiopian Plateau (Makris, J., Thiele, P., Zimmermann, J.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0074.pdf"〉Die Verbreitung von schadenverursachenden Erdbeben auf dem Gebiet der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Versuch einer seismologischen Regionalisierung (Ahorner, L., Murawski, H., Schneider, G.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0077.pdf"〉Über den Einfluß oberflächennaher Störkörper auf geoelektrische Widerstandsmessungen (Töpfer, K. D.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0079.pdf"〉Zur Problematik der Deutung paläomagnetischer Meßergebnisse auf Grund von Untersuchungen an den Basalten des Paläovulkans Vogelsberg in Hessen (Schenk, E.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0085.pdf"〉Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure of the Ethiopian Rift Derived from Seismic and Gravity Data (Makris, J., Menzel, H., Zimmermann, J., Bonjer, K.-P., Fuchs, K., Wohlenberg, J.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0036/LOG_0087.pdf"〉[Werbung]〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/ul〉
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGG
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Erdbeben ; Geoelektrik ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravitation ; Tektonik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: map
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    Springer
    In:  Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 11 (4). pp. 1359-1371.
    Publication Date: 2020-01-02
    Description: Using a portable gas analyzer system, the geogenic gas regime below and around an ancient gate to hell at Hierapolis/Phrygia was characterized. The site was first described by Strabo and Plinius as a gate to the underworld. During centuries, it attracted even ancient tourists. In a grotto below the temple of Pluto, CO2 was found to be at deadly concentrations of up to 91%. Astonishingly, these vapors are still emitted in concentrations that nowadays kill insects, birds, and mammals. The concentrations of CO2 escaping from the mouth of the grotto to the outside atmosphere are still in the range of 4–53% CO2 depending on the height above ground level. They reach concentrations during the night that would easily kill even a human being within a minute. These emissions are thought to reflect the Hadean breath and/or the breath of the hellhound Kerberos guarding the entrance to hell. The origin of the geogenic CO2 is the still active seismic structure that crosses the old town of ancient Hierapolis as part of the Babadag fracture zone. Our measurements confirm the presence of geogenic CO2 in concentrations that explain ancient stories of killed bulls, rams, and songbirds during religious ceremonies. They also strongly corroborate that at least in the case of Hierapolis, ancient writers like Strabo or Plinius described a mystic phenomenon very exactly without much exaggeration. Two thousand years ago, only supernatural forces could explain these phenomena from Hadean depths whereas nowadays, modern techniques hint to the well-known phenomenon of geogenic CO2 degassing having mantle components with relatively higher helium and radon concentrations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 32
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    In:  In: Geological Setting, Palaeoenvironment and Archaeology of the Red Sea. , ed. by Rasul, N. M. A. and Stewart, I. C. F. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 37-52. ISBN 978-3-319-99407-9
    Publication Date: 2019-04-16
    Description: Continental rifting and ocean basin formation can be observed at the present day in the Red Sea, which is used as the modern analogue for the formation of mid-ocean ridges. Competing theories for how spreading begins—either by quasi-instantaneous formation of a whole spreading segment or by initiation of spreading at multiple discrete “nodes” separated by thinned continental lithosphere—have been put forward based, until recently, on the observations that many seafloor features and geophysical anomalies (gravity, magnetics) along the axis of the Red Sea appeared anomalous compared to ancient and modern examples of ocean basins in other parts of the world. The latest research shows, however, that most of the differences between the Red Sea Rift (RSR) and other (ultra)slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges can be related to its relatively young age and the presence and movement of giant submarine salt flows that blanket large portions of the rift valley. In addition, the geophysical data that was previously used to support the presence of continental crust between the axial basins with outcropping oceanic crust (formerly named “spreading nodes”) can be equally well explained by processes related to the sedimentary blanketing and hydrothermal alteration. The observed spreading nodes are not separated from one another by tectonic boundaries but rather represent “windows” onto a continuous spreading axis which is locally inundated and masked by massive slumping of sediments or evaporites from the rift flanks. Volcanic and tectonic morphologies are comparable to those observed along slow and ultra-slow spreading ridges elsewhere and regional systematics of volcanic occurrences are related to variations in volcanic activity and mantle heat flow. Melt-salt interaction due to salt flows, that locally cover the active spreading segments, and the absence of large detachment faults as a result of the nearby Afar plume are unique features of the RSR. The differences and anomalies seen in the Red Sea still may be applicable to all young oceanic rifts, associated with plumes and/or evaporites, which makes the Red Sea a unique but highly relevant type example for the initiation of slow rifting and seafloor spreading and one of the most interesting targets for future ocean research.
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    In:  In: Oceanographic and Biological Aspects of the Red Sea. , ed. by Rasul, N. M. A. and Stewart, I. C. F. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 401-418. ISBN 978-3-319-99416-1
    Publication Date: 2018-12-14
    Description: Coral reefs in the Red Sea belong to the most diverse and productive reef ecosystems worldwide, although they are exposed to strong seasonal variability, high temperature, and high salinity. These factors are considered stressful for coral reef biota and challenge reef growth in other oceans, but coral reefs in the Red Sea thrive despite these challenges. In the central Red Sea high temperatures, high salinities, and low dissolved oxygen on the one hand reflect conditions that are predicted for ‘future oceans’ under global warming. On the other hand, alkalinity and other carbonate chemistry parameters are considered favourable for coral growth. In coral reefs of the central Red Sea, temperature and salinity follow a seasonal cycle, while chlorophyll and inorganic nutrients mostly vary spatially, and dissolved oxygen and pH fluctuate on the scale of hours to days. Within these strong environmental gradients micro- and macroscopic reef communities are dynamic and demonstrate plasticity and acclimatisation potential. Epilithic biofilm communities of bacteria and algae, crucial for the recruitment of reef-builders, undergo seasonal community shifts that are mainly driven by changes in temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen. These variables are predicted to change with the progression of global environmental change and suggest an immediate effect of climate change on the microbial community composition of biofilms. Corals are so-called holobionts and associate with a variety of microbial organisms that fulfill important functions in coral health and productivity. For instance, coral-associated bacterial communities are more specific and less diverse than those of marine biofilms, and in many coral species in the central Red Sea they are dominated by bacteria from the genus Endozoicomonas. Generally, coral microbiomes align with ecological differences between reef sites. They are similar at sites where these corals are abundant and successful. Coral microbiomes reveal a measurable footprint of anthropogenic influence at polluted sites. Coral-associated communities of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates in central Red Sea corals are dominated by Symbiodinium from clade C. Some corals harbour the same specific symbiont with a high physiological plasticity throughout their distribution range, while others maintain a more flexible association with varying symbionts of high physiological specificity over depths, seasons, or reef locations. The coral-Symbiodinium endosymbiosis drives calcification of the coral skeleton, which is a key process that provides maintenance and formation of the reef framework. Calcification rates and reef growth are not higher than in other coral reef regions, despite the beneficial carbonate chemistry in the central Red Sea. This may be related to the comparatively high temperatures, as indicated by reduced summer calcification and long-term slowing of growth rates that correlate with ocean warming trends. Indeed, thermal limits of abundant coral species in the central Red Sea may have been exceeded, as evidenced by repeated mass bleaching events during previous years. Recent comprehensive baseline data from central Red Sea reefs allow for insight into coral reef functioning and for quantification of the impacts of environmental change in the region.
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    In:  In: Remote Sensing of the Asian Seas. , ed. by Barale, V. and Gade, M. Springer, Cham, pp. 123-138. ISBN 978-3-319-94065-6
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The Laptev and Eastern Siberian shelves are the world’s broadest shallow shelf systems. Large Siberian rivers and coastal erosion of up to meters per summer deliver large volumes of terrestrial matter into the Arctic shelf seas. In this chapter we investigate the applicability of Ocean Colour Remote Sensing during the ice-free summer season in the Siberian Laptev Sea region. We show that the early summer river peak discharge may be traced using remote sensing in years characterized by early sea-ice retreat. In the summer time after the peak discharge, the spreading of the main Lena River plume east and north-east of the Lena River Delta into the shelf system becomes hardly traceable using optical remote sensing methods. Measurements of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and coloured dissolved organic matter (cDOM) are of the same magnitude in the coastal waters of Buor Khaya Bay as in the Lena River. Match-up analyses of in situ chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) show that standard Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite-derived Chl-a is not a valid remote sensing product for the coastal waters and the inner shelf region of the Laptev Sea. All MERIS and MODIS-derived Chl-a products are overestimated by at least a factor of ten, probably due to absorption by the extraordinarily high amount of non-algal particles and cDOM in these coastal and inner-shelf waters. Instead, Ocean Colour remote sensing provides information on wide-spread resuspension over shallows and lateral advection visible in satellite-derived turbidity. Satellite Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data clearly show hydrodynamics and delineate the outflow of the Lena River for hundreds of kilometres out into the shelf seas.
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    In:  In: Pattern Recognition - GCPR 2018. , ed. by Brox, T., Bruhn, A. and Fritz, M. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 11269 . Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 391-404. ISBN 978-3-030-12939-2
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The size of current plankton image datasets renders manual classification virtually infeasible. The training of models for machine classification is complicated by the fact that a large number of classes consist of only a few examples. We employ the recently introduced weight imprinting technique in order to use the available training data to train accurate classifiers in absence of enough examples for some classes. The model architecture used in this work succeeds in the identification of plankton using machine learning with its unique challenges, i.e. a limited number of training examples and a severely skewed class size distribution. Weight imprinting enables a neural network to recognize small classes immediately without re-training. This permits the mining of examples for novel classes.
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    In:  [Poster] In: deRSE19 - Konferenz für ForschungssoftwareentwicklerInnen in Deutschland, 04.-06.06.2019, Potsdam, Germany .
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
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    In:  GEOMAR, 2 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-09-02
    Description: 25.08.-01.09.2019
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 3 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-10-10
    Description: 02.09. bis 06.09.2019
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    In:  GEOMAR Pressemitteilung , 03.09.2019 , 39/2019
    Publication Date: 2019-09-04
    Description: Umweltsensoren von GEOMAR und HZG wurden offenbar gewaltsam entfernt. 03.09.2019/Kiel. Im Dezember 2016 installierten das GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel und das Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht in einem Sperrgebiet am Ausgang der Eckernförder Bucht ein Observatorium für Umweltmessungen am Meeresboden. Offenbar wurden die zwei, je 550 und 220 Kilogramm schweren Gestelle am 21. August mit großer Kraft von ihrer Position entfernt. Die Forscher fanden nur noch das zerfaserte Landanschlusskabel. Jetzt hoffen GEOMAR und HZG auf Hinweise, um die wertvollen Geräte zurückzuerhalten.
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    In:  GEOMAR, 2 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-09-10
    Description: 02.09.-08.09.2019
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 2 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-11-11
    Description: M159 (29.10. – 20.11.2019) 2. Wochenbericht vom 10. November 2019
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    In:  [Poster] In: OceanObs'19: An Ocean of Opportunity, 16.-20.09.2019, Honolulu, Hawaii .
    Publication Date: 2019-12-13
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    In:  In: The Geology of Iberia: A Geodynamic Approach Volume 3: The Alpine Cycle. , ed. by Quesada, C. and Oliveira, J. T. Springer, Cham, pp. 487-505. ISBN 978-3-030-11294-3
    Publication Date: 2020-01-07
    Description: The Alpine orogeny is well recorded onshore and offshore by tectonic inversion of the Mesozoic rift basins. Large scale linear seamounts (more than 250 km long and with up to 5 km of uplift) involving oceanic and continental lithosphere were carried on top of thrusts, such as the Gorringe seamount and the Estremadura Spur in the SouthWest and West Iberia Margin, respectively. The SouthWest Iberia Margin also recorded the westward migration of the Gibraltar Oceanic slab as the westwards propagation of the Neo-Tethys subduction. Rotation of the tectonic compression from NW-SE to WNW-ESE inPliocene times caused the development of large scale dextral wrench faults as the present day Africa-Iberia plate boundary. Neotectonics of this plate boundary caused large to mega-scale destructive earthquakes and tsunamis.
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    Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel | GEOMAR
    In:  Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 9 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-12-16
    Description: (21th-25th October 2019)
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    In:  In: Geological Setting, Palaeoenvironment and Archaeology of the Red Sea. , ed. by Rasul, N. M. A. and Stewart, I. C. F. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 221-232.
    Publication Date: 2019-04-16
    Description: Hydrothermal circulation at mid-ocean ridges and assimilation of hydrothermally altered crust or hydrothermal fluids by rising magma can be traced by measuring chlorine (Cl) excess in erupted lavas. The Red Sea Rift provides a unique opportunity to study assimilation of hydrothermally altered crust at an ultra-slow spreading ridge (maximum 1.6 cm yr−1 full spreading rate) by Cl, due to its saline seawater (40–42‰, cf. 35‰ in open ocean water), the presence of (hot) brine pools (up to 270‰ salinity and 68 °C) and the thick evaporite sequences that flank the young rift. Absolute chlorine concentrations (up to 1300 ppm) and Cl concentrations relative to minor or trace elements of similar mantle incompatibility (e.g., K, Nb) are much higher in Red Sea basalts than in basalts from average slow spreading ridges. Mantle Cl/Nb concentrations can be used to calculate the Cl-excess, above the magmatic Cl, that is present in the samples. Homogeneous within-sample Cl concentrations, high Cl/H2O, the decoupling of Cl-excess from other trace elements and its independence of the presence of highly saline seafloor brines at the site of eruption indicate that Cl is not enriched at the seafloor. Instead we find basaltic Cl-excess to be spatially closely correlated with evidence of hydrothermal activity, suggesting that deeper assimilation of hydrothermal Cl is the dominant Cl-enrichment process. A proximity of samples to both evaporite outcrops and bathymetric signs of volcanism on the seafloor enhance Cl-excess in basalts. The basaltic Cl-excess can be used as a tracer together with new bathymetric maps as well as indications of hydrothermal venting (hot brine pools, metalliferous Hydrothermal circulation at mid-ocean ridges and assimilation of hydrothermally altered crust or hydrothermal fluids by rising magma can be traced by measuring chlorine (Cl) excess in erupted lavas. The Red Sea Rift provides a unique opportunity to study assimilation of hydrothermally altered crust at an ultra-slow spreading ridge (maximum 1.6 cm yr−1 full spreading rate) by Cl, due to its saline seawater (40–42‰, cf. 35‰ in open ocean water), the presence of (hot) brine pools (up to 270‰ salinity and 68 °C) and the thick evaporite sequences that flank the young rift. Absolute chlorine concentrations (up to 1300 ppm) and Cl concentrations relative to minor or trace elements of similar mantle incompatibility (e.g., K, Nb) are much higher in Red Sea basalts than in basalts from average slow spreading ridges. Mantle Cl/Nb concentrations can be used to calculate the Cl-excess, above the magmatic Cl, that is present in the samples. Homogeneous within-sample Cl concentrations, high Cl/H2O, the decoupling of Cl-excess from other trace elements and its independence of the presence of highly saline seafloor brines at the site of eruption indicate that Cl is not enriched at the seafloor. Instead we find basaltic Cl-excess to be spatially closely correlated with evidence of hydrothermal activity, suggesting that deeper assimilation of hydrothermal Cl is the dominant Cl-enrichment process. A proximity of samples to both evaporite outcrops and bathymetric signs of volcanism on the seafloor enhance Cl-excess in basalts. The basaltic Cl-excess can be used as a tracer together with new bathymetric maps as well as indications of hydrothermal venting (hot brine pools, metalliferous sediments) to predict where hydrothermal venting or now inactive hydrothermal vent fields can be expected. Sites of particular interest for future hydrothermal research are the Mabahiss Deep, the Thetis-HadarbaHatiba Deeps and Shagara-Aswad-Erba Deeps (especially their large axial domes), and Poseidon Deep. Older hydrothermal vent fields may be present at the Nereus and Suakin Deeps. These sites significantly increase the potential of hydrothermal vent field prospection in the Red Sea.
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    In:  In: Oceanographic and Biological Aspects of the Red Sea. , ed. by Rasul, N. M. A. and Stewart, I. C. F. Springer Oceanography Book series . Springer, Cham, pp. 185-194.
    Publication Date: 2020-08-05
    Description: The deep-sea brines of the Red Sea are unusual extreme environments and form characteristically steep gradients across the brine-seawater interfaces. Due to their unusual nature and unique combination of physical-chemical conditions these interfaces provide an interesting source of new findings in the fields of geochemistry, geology, microbiology, biotechnology, virology, and general biology. The current chapter summarizes recent and new results in the study of geochemistry and life at the interfaces of brine-filled deeps of the Red Sea.
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2020-01-27
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 3 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-11-18
    Description: M159 (29.10. – 20.11.2019) 3. Wochenbericht vom 17. November 2019
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 3 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: M159 (29.10. – 20.11.2019) 1. Wochenbericht vom 3. November 2019
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    In:  [Poster] In: ICES Symposium: Challenging the scientific legacy of Johan Hjort: time for a new paradigm in marine research?, 12.-14.06.2019, Bergen, Norway .
    Publication Date: 2019-12-13
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  • 51
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    GEOMAR
    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 2 pp.
    Publication Date: 2020-01-06
    Description: 02.12.19 - 08.12.19
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    In:  Alkor-Berichte, AL507 . GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 10 pp.
    Publication Date: 2021-01-28
    Description: Dates of Cruise: 16.04. – 29.04.2018 Areas of Research: Physical, chemical, biological and fishery oceanography Port Calls: Visby, Sweden, 21. - 22.04.2018
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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    In:  Alkor-Berichte, AL509 . GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 11 pp.
    Publication Date: 2021-01-28
    Description: Dates of Cruise: 15.05. – 30.05.2018 Areas of Research: Physical, chemical, biological and fishery oceanography Port Calls: Riga. Latvia, 22.05.2018
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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    In:  GEOMAR, 2 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-08-26
    Description: DIPLANOAGAP (Distribution of plastics in the North Atlantic garbage patch), 17.08.-24.08.2019
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 4 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-10-07
    Description: 18.-30.9.2019 The overall objective of this practical for students is to investigate the ecological role of gelatinous plankton in the Baltic Sea food webs and alongside the salinity gradient. To demonstrate the temporal as well as spatial variation of pelagic communities such as bacteria-, phyto and zooplankton as well as in the benthic food webs, different food web tracers will be used. Main focus here is therefore to obtain qualitative and quantitative sample sets of gelatinous zooplankton to investigate their distinct role on bentho-pelagic processes. Over the last several decades, a significant increase of both frequency and severity of jellyfish (JF) blooms were reported worldwide. Blooms of these organisms can extend for thousands of square kilometers, with drastic consequences and economic losses. When JF outbreak, they will not only affect the pelagic community by direct feeding on fish larvae, fish eggs or competing for the prey with bigger fishes, but only serve as organic matter source for benthic systems via sinking to the sea floor. Due to the scarcity of data on the potential role of gelatinous zooplankton from only few locations in the Baltic Sea, there is only a limited understanding on the role of JF in the bentho-pelagic food web of the Baltic Sea. A quantitative and qualitative assessment of gelatinous zooplankton in the BS systems and their functioning with regard to salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea , are now urgently needed to better account for the role of gelatinous zooplankton in the future of the system. Applicant and working group have performed this student research/educational cruise with the specific focus on jellyfish ecology every year and on a regular basis since 2013. During this two-week cruise students will perform the compulsory „Practical at Sea“. The general goal is to survey and characterize the temporal and special distribution of bacterial, phyto-, zooplankton and macroplankton specially jellyfish in Skagerrak and Baltic Sea
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2020-07-24
    Description: Poseidon 533 – AIMAC (Atmosphere–ocean–island-biogeochemical interactions in the Macaronesian Archipelagos) investigated the influence of the Cape Verdes, the Canary Islands, and Madeira on the physics, chemistry and biology of the surrounding subtropical North- East Atlantic ocean. The air – sea exchange of halocarbons from marine sources impact tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, and therewith air quality and human health. High oceanic and atmospheric concentrations of iodinated, brominated and chlorinated methanes are often found near coastlines. In particular, bromoform (CHBr3) was recently detected at unexpectedly high concentrations in seawater of subtropical coasts, e.g. at Miami and Tenerife beaches. Bromoform is produced naturally from macro algae and phytoplankton and is the major marine vector of organic bromine to the atmosphere. Together with dibromomethane (CH2Br2), it is the main contributor to natural stratospheric bromine, involved in ozone depletion. Bromoform is also a major product during disinfection of seawater for many industrial and recreational purposes and during desalination processes. While the bromoform production from phytoplankton generally leads to picomolar concentrations in seawater, macroalgal production yields nanomolar concentrations and disinfection processes involving seawater can increase concentrations to micromolar levels. The latter has led to the occasional application of this compound as tracer for the effluents of power plants and wastewater discharges. Other disinfection by-products (DBP) in the effluents can lead to unfavorable effects on the environment and human health. As bromoform shows large concentrations in urbanized and industrialized regions, the elevated concentrations at many coasts may have a major and increasing contribution to the global budget.. We hypothesize, that populated coastlines show elevated bromoform concentrations from disinfection activities, related to the amount of population and industrial activities. Coastal alongshore currents may additionally trap the compound inshore. Therefore, bromoform can be a good tracer of the terrestrial and anthropogenic signal in the island mass effect, which describes the increase in nutrients and biological productivity in the surrounding water masses of an island. POS533 investigated the bromoform distribution in ocean and atmosphere in the subtropical East Atlantic and the islands of Madeira, Tenerife, Gran Canaria and the Cape Verde Archipelago, considering physical and biogeochemical parameters, phytoplankton distribution and carbon chemistry. During the cruise new scientific tools where applied, to differentiate between the islands natural and anthropogenic interactions with ocean and atmosphere. The measurements deliver the first comprehensive biogeochemical data set of phytoplankton, microbiology, trace gases, carbon, oxygen and nutrient cycling from this region close the islands in exchange with the open ocean. Despite the novel knowledge, current climate chemistry and chemical transport models used to understand the anthropogenic signal of marine halocarbon emissions and their effects on tropospheric oxidation and stratospheric ozone will benefit from the expedition's dataset.
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    In:  In: AI Technology for Underwater Robots. , ed. by Kirchner, F., Straube, S., Kühn, D. and Hoyer, N. Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering , 96 . Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 125-135. ISBN 978-3-030-30682-3
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: This paper addresses visual navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) with and without a given map, where the latter is called Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). We summarize the challenges and opportunities in underwater environments that make visual navigation different from land navigation and also briefly survey the current state-of-the-art in this area. Then as a position paper we argue why many of these challenges could be met by a proper modeling of uncertainties in the SLAM representation. This would in particular allow the SLAM algorithm to thoroughly handle the ambiguity between “I see the same feature again.”, “I see a different but similar looking feature.” and “The environment has changed and the feature moved.”.
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 2 pp.
    Publication Date: 2020-01-06
    Description: 09.12.19 - 16.12.19
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 2 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-12-13
    Description: 18/2/2019-24/2/2019
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 11 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-06-26
    Description: R.V. Poseidon cruise no. 522 Dates, Ports: 10.04.2018 (Catania, Italy) – 29.04.2018 (Malaga, Spain) Research subject: Tephrostratigraphy of tsunami-related deposits at Stromboli Chief Scientist: Dr. Armin Freundt, GEOMAR, Kiel Number of Scientists: 11 Project: Stromboli tsunamis
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    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 3 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-09-24
    Description: 09.09. bis 12.09.2019
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2019-10-08
    Description: In early 2017 we deployed eight KOSMOS [a] mesocosm units (53 m^3 each) close to ‘Isla San Lorenzo’ about 4.5 nm off-shore the Peruvian coastline (-12.0554667°, -077.2347667°). The aim of the study was to improve our mechanistic understanding of processes controlling plankton productivity, organic matter export, and particle stoichiometry in the coastal upwelling system off Peru. About 40 days into the study, Inca terns (Larosterna inca) – an abundant sea bird species in the region – discovered the mesocosms as suitable resting places. The birds were able to start and land on the very small areas lacking anti-bird spikes that were installed on the mesocosm roofs. Resting on the flotation frames as well as the opening of the mesocosm bags, they defecated into the enclosed water columns, adding new nutrients to the system. This orni-eutrophication from day 40 to 50 triggered intense phytoplankton blooms in the uppermost part of the enclosures where light was plentiful. This video illustrates the fertilizing effect of Inca tern defecation on phytoplankton communities during our mesocosm study in the upwelling system off Peru. [a] Kiel Off-Shore Mesocosms for Ocean Simulations
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  • 63
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    GEOMAR
    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 7 pp.
    Publication Date: 2019-10-07
    Description: 23.09. - 27.09.2019
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2019-10-08
    Description: The reformed Common Fisheries Policy of the EU, in force since 2014, stipulates that overfishing by the fleets of its member states has to end latest in the year 2020. This study examines exploitation and status of 119 stocks fished by 20 countries in the Northeast Atlantic. In the year 2018, about 40% of the stocks were still subject to overfishing (F 〉 Fmsy), about 34% of the stocks were outside safe biological limits (B 〈 Bpa) and about 68% of the stocks were too depleted to produce maximum sustainable yields (B 〈 Bmsy). Reduction in the number of overfished stocks has stalled, possible because of an agreement between the European Commission (EC) and the International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES), its advisory body for total allowed catches (TACs), wherein the EC requests ICES to give TAC advice leading to overfishing for many stocks. As a result, it is unlikely that overfishing will end in the Northeast Atlantic in 2020.
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  • 65
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    Springer
    In:  In: Landscapes and Landforms of the Maltese Islands. , ed. by Gauci, R. and Schembri, J. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 117-128.
    Publication Date: 2020-01-09
    Description: The application of acoustic techniques, such as multibeam echosounders, has permitted the identification of Maltese submarine landscapes and landforms that were progressively inundated during the postglacial sea-level rise. Remarkably, geomorphological features due to fluvial, gravity-induced and karst processes that took place under former subaerial conditions can be clearly recognised on the present seafloor around the Maltese archipelago, and they were only slightly modified by sea action during the postglacial transgression phases. The analysis of the submerged landforms described in this chapter is crucial for understanding the evolution of the Maltese Islands during the last ca. 20,000 years.
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: The study presents the results of continuous measurements of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmospheric surface layer at Tiksi and Cape Baranov Arctic stations over the period of August 2010–May 2017 and over the whole 2016, respectively. The amplitude of diurnal variations in the CO2 concentration in Tiksi from June to September is 1.1 ± 1.3, 2.4 ± 2.0, 4.1 ± 2.3, and 2.0 ± 2.4 ppm. Diurnal variations in CO2 at Cape Baranov station are absent. The observed seasonal variations in the CO2 concentration are compared with the data of the MBL empirical model for the marine atmospheric boundary layer of the Arctic region. In 2016, the difference between the observed and model concentrations at Tiksi and Cape Baranov stations amounted to 1.7 and 0.5 ppm, respectively, in winter and −3.0 and −1.9 ppm, respectively, in summer. It is shown that wildfires in Siberia caused a long synchronous increase in the CO2 concentration by 20 ppm in Tiksi and by 15 ppm at Cape Baranov station.
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  • 67
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    In:  Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 44 (4). pp. 238-249.
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: The water of Atlantic origin (Atlantic water) is of special importance for the formation of the hydrological regime of the Arctic Ocean and provides a “building material” for the main water masses in the surface and intermediate layers. Atlantic water are structurally included to the Arctic Transpolar System (ATS); it is a multicomponent physical object whose state defines the role of the Arctic Ocean in the planetary climate. The recent advances in the Atlantic water research are discussed, in particular, the role of Atlantic water in the Arctic sea ice reduction. Particular attention is paid to the possible activation of feedbacks in ATS that may result in an accelerated Arctic sea ice loss recorded after 2007.
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Three most common Arctic foraminiferal species of the family Cassidulinidae from the Laptev Sea sediment cores were analyzed for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. This paleontological study is focused on morphological characteristics of apertural elements and the wall structure. The species Cassidulina neoteretis is considered an indicator of the Atlantic influence in contrast to the Arctic species Cassidulina reniforme and Islandiella norcrossi.
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: The ecology and taxonomy of Islandiella norcrossi (Cushman, 1933), a typical representative of the Arctic calcareous benthic foraminifers, are analyzed based on microfossils from the Late Pleistocene-Holocene deposits of the Laptev Sea. This species is distributed on the shelf and continental slope of the Arctic seas, and indicates normal marine conditions with a seasonal ice cover and cold Arctic water masses. The species is also associated with a high seasonal productivity in sea-ice marginal zone. Tests are abundant in the Laptev Sea sediments, and show some variability in the size and shape of chambers, which was possibly caused by harsh environmental conditions of the Arctic (limited period of growth and reproduction); aberrant forms with an additional aperture being also present. The population contains tests of macrospherical and microspherical generations, as well as juveniles.
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: The last extended time period when climate may have been warmer than today was during the Last Interglacial (LIG; ca. 129 to 120 thousand years ago). However, a global view of LIG precipitation is lacking. Here, seven new LIG climate models are compared to the first global database of proxies for LIG precipitation. In this way, models are assessed in their ability to capture important hydroclimatic processes during a different climate. The models can reproduce the proxy-based positive precipitation anomalies from the preindustrial period over much of the boreal continents. Over the Southern Hemisphere, proxy-model agreement is partial. In models, LIG boreal monsoons have 42% wider area than in the preindustrial and produce 55% more precipitation and 50% more extreme precipitation. Austral monsoons are weaker. The mechanisms behind these changes are consistent with stronger summer radiative forcing over boreal high latitudes and with the associated higher temperatures during the LIG.
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  • 71
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    GEOMAR
    In:  GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany, 80 pp.
    Publication Date: 2021-02-25
    Description: Abstract Legal requirement in Europe asks for Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) in European seas, including considerations of trophic interactions and minimization of negative impacts of fishing on food webs and ecosystem functioning. Focusing on the interaction between fisheries and ecosystem components, the trophic model presented here shows for the first time the “big picture” of the western Baltic Sea (WBS) food web by quantifying structure and flows between all trophic elements and the impact of fisheries that were and are active in the area, based on best available recent data. Model results show that fishing pressures exerted on the WBS since the early nineties of the past century forces not only top predators such as harbour porpoises and seals but also cod and other demersal fish to heavily compete for fish as food and to cover their dietary needs by shifting to organisms lower in the trophic web, mainly to benthic macrofauna and / or search for suitable prey in adjacent ecosystems such as Kattegat, Skagerrak, central Baltic Sea and North Sea. While common sense implementations of EBFM have been proposed, such as fishing all stocks below Fmsy and reducing fishing pressure even further for forage fish such as herring and sprat, few studies compared such fishing to alternative scenarios. Different options for EBFM, with regards to recovery of depleted stocks and sustainable future catches, are presented here based on the WBS ecosystem model, the legal framework given by the new Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) of the European Union. The model explores four legally valid future fishery scenarios: 1) business as usual, 2) maximum sustainable fishing (F = Fmsy), 3) half of Fmsy, and 4) EBFM with F = 0.5 Fmsy for forage fish and F = 0.8 Fmsy for other fish. In addition, a “No-fishing” scenario demonstrates, that neither individual stocks nor the whole system would collapse when all fishing activities from 2017 on would cease. Simulations show that “Business as usual” would perpetuate low 2016 catches from depleted stocks in an unstable ecosystem where endangered species may be lost. In contrast, an “EBFM” scenario - with herring and sprat fished at 0.5 Fmsy level and cod and other stocks fished at 0.8 Fmsy level - allows the recovery of all stocks with strongly increased catches close to the maximum (at Fmsy) for cod and flatfish and catches similar to the 2016 level for herring and sprat but with strongly reduced fishing effort. Model and methodology presented here are considered suitable to assess MSFD Criterion D4C2 in the WBS.
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  • 72
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    Springer
    In:  In: Pattern Recognition: 41st DAGM German Conference, DAGM GCPR 2019, Dortmund, Germany, September 10–13, 2019, Proceedings. , ed. by Fink, G. A., Frintrop, S. and Jiang, X. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 11824 . Springer, Cham, pp. 79-92. ISBN 978-3-030-33676-9
    Publication Date: 2020-02-26
    Description: Dome ports act as spherical windows in underwater housings through which a camera can observe objects in the water. As compared to flat glass interfaces, they do not limit the field of view, and they do not cause refraction of light observed by a pinhole camera positioned exactly in the center of the dome. Mechanically adjusting a real lens to this position is a challenging task, in particular for those integrated in deep sea housings. In this contribution a mechanical adjustment procedure based on straight line observations above and below water is proposed that allows for accurate alignments. Additionally, we show a chessboard-based method employing an underwater/above-water image pair to estimate potentially remaining offsets from the dome center to allow refraction correction in photogrammetric applications. Besides providing intuition about the severity of refraction in certain settings, we demonstrate the methods on real data for acrylic and glass domes in the water.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2020-07-27
    Description: 4/2/2019 – 24/2/2019, Mindelo (Republic of Cape Verde) – Mindelo (Republic of Cape Verde) DeepC-Jelly We proposed to test the hypothesis that large gelatinous macrozooplankton (e.g. tunicates, hydrozoans) are a significant carbon storage in midwater, and a vector for carbon from midwater to the ocean floor in Cape Verde. To test this hypothesis, we studied 1) the distribution, diversity and abundance of gelatinous organisms in the epi-, meso-, and bathypelagic zone, 2) their role in transporting carbon through the pelagic foodweb to the seafloor and 3) their behavior and associations. We worked in the coastal deep sea off Santo Antão and Fogo as well as in the open ocean at the time series station CVOO and an eddy. A manned submersible was used for mesopelagic surveys, to document the behaviour and associations of deep-sea organisms and to collect living specimens. We performed pelagic video transects, discrete net sampling, and eDNA sampling down to 3000 m. ADCP and CTD transects allowed a detailed reconstruction of the effect of the islands on currents and productivity. To quantify the carbon flux of pelagic foodfalls, we also surveyed the seafloor. Sample and video analysis is still in progress, but first results indicate the impact of the pelagic tunicate Pyrosoma atlanticum, which is an upwelling-favored species largely absent from the oligotrophic open ocean, in the nearshore regions of Cape Verde as well as in the cyclonic eddy sampled. It was also observed on the seafloor and resembles a food source and a habitat in the water column and in the benthos. Specimens of pelagic fauna were collected that allow new species descriptions. New records and a new species for the region were also observed during benthic surveys. The cruise was documented in various outreach activities including national television in Cabo Verde.
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: We discuss the results of measurements in the region of Cape Baranov (the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago) of the set of physicochemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol: aerosol optical depth, aerosol and black carbon concentrations, elemental and ion compositions of aerosol, organic and elemental carbon contents in aerosol, as well as the isotopic composition of carbon in the aerosol and snow samples. It is shown that the average values of most aerosol characteristics, measured in April–June 2018, are a little lower than in the Arctic settlement Barentsburg (Spitsbergen archipelago) and several-fold smaller than in the south of Western Siberia in the same period.
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  • 75
  • 76
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    In:  In: YOUMARES 9 - The Oceans: Our Research, Our Future. , ed. by Jungblut, S., Liebich, V. and Bode-Dalby, M. Springer, Cham, pp. 101-120.
    Publication Date: 2020-03-06
    Description: Plastic has become indispensable for human life. When plastic debris is discarded into waterways, these items can interact with organisms. Of particular concern are microscopic plastic particles (microplastics) which are subject to ingestion by several taxa. This review summarizes the results of cutting-edge research about the interactions between a range of aquatic species and microplastics, including effects on biota physiology and secondary ingestion. Uptake pathways via digestive or ventilatory systems are discussed, including (1) the physical penetration of microplastic particles into cellular structures, (2) leaching of chemical additives or adsorbed persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and (3) consequences of bacterial or viral microbiota contamination associated with microplastic ingestion. Following uptake, a number of individual-level effects have been observed, including reduction of feeding activities, reduced growth and reproduction through cellular modifications, and oxidative stress. Microplastic-associated effects on marine biota have become increasingly investigated with growing concerns regarding human health through trophic transfer. We argue that research on the cellular interactions with microplastics provide an understanding of their impact to the organisms’ fitness and, therefore, its ability to sustain their functional role in the ecosystem. The review summarizes information from 236 scientific publications. Of those, only 4.6% extrapolate their research of microplastic intake on individual species to the impact on ecosystem functioning. We emphasize the need for risk evaluation from organismal effects to an ecosystem level to effectively evaluate the effect of microplastic pollution on marine environments. Further studies are encouraged to investigate sublethal effects in the context of environmentally relevant microplastic pollution conditions.
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Stable carbon isotopes of sediment organic matter (δ13COM) are widely applied in paleoenvironmental studies. Interpretations of δ13COM, however, remain challenging and factors that influence δ13COM may not apply across all lakes. Common explanations for stratigraphic shifts in δ13COM include changes in lake productivity or changes in inputs of allochthonous OM. We investigated the influence of different oxygen conditions (oxic versus anoxic) on the δ13COM values in the sediments of Lake Tiefer See. We analysed (1) a long sediment core from the deepest part of the lake, (2) two short, sediment–water interface cores from shallower water depths, and (3) OM in the water column, i.e. from sediment traps. Fresh OM throughout the entire water column showed a relatively constant δ13COM value of approximately − 30.5‰. Similar values, about − 31‰, were obtained for well-varved sediments in both the long and short, sediment–water interface cores. In contrast, δ13COM values from non-varved sediments in all cores were significantly less negative (− 29‰). The δ13COM values in the sediment–water interface cores from different water depths differ for sediments of the same age, if oxygen conditions at the time of deposition were different at these sites, as suggested by the state of varve preservation. Sediments deposited from AD 1924 to 1980 at 62 m water depth are varved and exhibit δ13COM values around − 31‰, whereas sediments of the same age in the core from 35 m water depth are not varved and show less negative δ13COM values of about − 29‰. The relation between varve occurrence and δ13COM values suggests that δ13COM is associated with oxygen conditions because varve preservation depends on hypolimnetic anoxia. A mechanism that likely influences δ13COM is selective degradation of OM under oxic conditions, such that organic components with more negative δ13COM are preferably decomposed, leading to less negative δ13COM values in the remaining, undegraded OM pool. Greater decomposition of OM in non-varved sediments is supported by lower TOC concentrations in these deposits (~ 5%) compared to well-varved sediments (~ 15%). Even in lakes that display small variations in productivity and terrestrial OM input through time, large spatial and temporal differences in hypolimnetic oxygen concentrations may be an important factor controlling sediment δ13COM.
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  • 78
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In:  Science Advances, 5 (4). eaav7337.
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Variations in Earth’s orbit pace the glacial-interglacial cycles of the Quaternary, but the mechanisms that transform regional and seasonal variations in solar insolation into glacial-interglacial cycles are still elusive. Here, we present transient simulations of coevolution of climate, ice sheets, and carbon cycle over the past 3 million years. We show that a gradual lowering of atmospheric CO2 and regolith removal are essential to reproduce the evolution of climate variability over the Quaternary. The long-term CO2 decrease leads to the initiation of Northern Hemisphere glaciation and an increase in the amplitude of glacial-interglacial variations, while the combined effect of CO2 decline and regolith removal controls the timing of the transition from a 41,000- to 100,000-year world. Our results suggest that the current CO2 concentration is unprecedented over the past 3 million years and that global temperature never exceeded the preindustrial value by more than 2°C during the Quaternary.
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  • 79
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    Springer
    In:  In: Die Folgen des Klimawandels. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 257-274. ISBN 978-3-662-59580-0
    Publication Date: 2020-01-23
    Description: In den tropischen und subtropischen Meeren existieren in mittleren Tiefen riesige sauerstoffarme Zonen. Im Zuge des Klimawandels dehnen sie sich immer stärker aus. Auch in Küstenregionen entstehen durch Stickstoffbelastung aus der Landwirtschaft lebensfeindliche Zonen ohne Sauerstoff – mit verheerenden Folgen für das marine Ökosystem.
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: The invasive round goby has established a viable population within 9 years of its first introduction to Lithuanian coastal waters (SE Baltic Sea). During its expansion phase, abundances increased 23-fold, which led to the near complete eradication of its main prey, the blue mussel, at 〈 20 m depth. The round goby population showed a stabilizing trend after blue mussel biomass was depleted; however, their abundance has not declined. The round goby feeds efficiently on newly settled mollusks, causing a severe constraint for blue mussel recovery. Changes in blue mussel availability and size structure induced a dietary shift in wintering long-tailed duck towards fish prey. An energetically dense food source sustains a good body condition in long-tailed ducks, however the change in trophic position (from 3.1 to 4.3 trophic level) suggests the potential for a reduction in their carrying capacity. Results from this study also show that coastal habitats with low and unpredictable population dynamics of blue mussel become less attractive wintering sites for long-tailed duck in the Baltic Sea. We also document a cascading effect of invasive species in the food web.
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  • 81
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    In:  In: Computational Science – ICCS 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 11539 . Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 393-409.
    Publication Date: 2020-05-13
    Description: We introduce a new parallelizable numerical multiscale method for advection-dominated problems as they often occur in engineering and geosciences. State of the art multiscale simulation methods work well in situations in which stationary and elliptic scenarios prevail but are prone to fail when the model involves dominant lower order terms which is common in applications. We suggest to overcome the associated difficulties through a reconstruction of subgrid variations into a modified basis by solving many independent (local) inverse problems that are constructed in a semi-Lagrangian step. Globally the method looks like a Eulerian method with multiscale stabilized basis. The method is extensible to other types of Galerkin methods, higher dimensions, nonlinear problems and can potentially work with real data. We provide examples inspired by tracer transport in climate systems in one and two dimensions and numerically compare our method to standard methods.
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  • 82
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    Springer
    In:  In: Marine-Derived Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications. , ed. by Choi, A. and Ben-Nissan, B. Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, 14 . Springer, Singapore, pp. 443-487, 45 pp. ISBN 978-981-13-8855-2
    Publication Date: 2020-06-12
    Description: Natural polysaccharides of marine origin are gaining interest in biomedical applications. Seaweeds are most abundant source of polysaccharides, as alginates, agar and agarose as well as Carrageenans. Even cellulose and amylose have been extracted from the macroalgae. Chitin and chitosan are derived from the exoskeleton of marine crustaceans. Interdisciplinary fields involving various science and technology aspects such as cell sciences, biomaterials, medical sciences and engineering are referred to as tissue engineering, which is an upcoming new field intended to replace biological functions in human body. Tissue engineered scaffolds and artificial organs developed by such technique has replace injured parts in human body. Technological advancements have made it possible to obtain active ingredient in marine organisms by controlling the growth and isolation conditions. Present review has focused on progress in discovering and producing new applications of marine polysaccharides in biomedical and tissue engineering.
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Differences in habitat and diet between species are often associated with morphological differences. Habitat and trophic adaptation have therefore been proposed as important drivers of speciation and adaptive radiation. Importantly, habitat and diet shifts likely impose changes in exposure to different parasites and infection risk. As strong selective agents influencing survival and mate choice, parasites might play an important role in host diversification. We explore this possibility for the adaptive radiation of Lake Tanganyika (LT) cichlids. We first compare metazoan macroparasites infection levels between cichlid tribes. We then describe the cichlids’ genetic diversity at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which plays a key role in vertebrate immunity. Finally, we evaluate to what extent trophic ecology and morphology explain variation in infection levels and MHC, accounting for phylogenetic relationships. We show that different cichlid tribes in LT feature partially non-overlapping parasite communities and partially non-overlapping MHC diversity. While morphology explained 15% of the variation in mean parasite abundance, trophic ecology accounted for 16% and 22% of the MHC variation at the nucleotide and at the amino acid level, respectively. Parasitism and immunogenetic adaptation may thus add additional dimensions to the LT cichlid radiation.
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Common problems in state-of-the-art climate models are a cold sea surface temperature (SST) bias in the equatorial Pacific and the underestimation of the two most important atmospheric feedbacks operating in the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO): the positive, i.e. amplifying wind-SST feedback and the negative, i.e. damping heat flux-SST feedback. To a large extent, the underestimation of those feedbacks can be explained by the cold equatorial SST bias, which shifts the rising branch of the Pacific Walker Circulation (PWC) too far to the west by up to 30°, resulting in an erroneous convective response during ENSO events. Based on simulations from the Kiel Climate Model (KCM) and the 5th phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), we investigate how well ENSO dynamics are simulated in case of underestimated ENSO atmospheric feedbacks (EAF), with a special focus on ocean–atmosphere coupling over the equatorial Pacific. While models featuring realistic atmospheric feedbacks simulate ENSO dynamics close to observations, models with underestimated EAF exhibit fundamental biases in ENSO dynamics. In models with too weak feedbacks, ENSO is not predominantly wind-driven as observed; instead ENSO is driven significantly by a positive shortwave radiation feedback. Thus, although these models simulate ENSO, which in terms of simple indices is consistent with observations, it originates from very different dynamics. A too weak oceanic forcing on the SST via the positive thermocline, the Ekman and the zonal advection feedback is compensated by weaker atmospheric heat flux damping. The latter is mainly caused by a biased shortwave-SST feedback that erroneously is positive in most climate models. In the most biased models, the shortwave-SST feedback contributes to the SST anomaly growth to a similar degree as the ocean circulation. Our results suggest that a broad continuum of ENSO dynamics can exist in climate models and explain why climate models with less than a half of the observed EAF strength can still depict realistic ENSO amplitude.
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Diseases increasingly threaten aquaculture of kelps and other seaweeds. At the same time, protection concepts that are based upon application of biocides are usually not applicable, as such compounds would be rapidly diluted in the sea, causing ecological damage. An alternative concept could be the application of immune stimulants to prevent and control diseases in farmed seaweeds. We here present a pilot study that investigated the effects of oligoalginate elicitation on juvenile and adult sporophytes of Saccharina japonica cultivated in China and on adult sporophytes of Saccharina latissima cultivated in Germany. In two consecutive years, treatment with oligoalginate clearly reduced the detachment of S. japonica juveniles from their substrate curtains during the nursery stage in greenhouse ponds. Oligoalginate elicitation also decreased the density of endobionts and the number of bacterial cells on sporophytes of S. latissima that were cultivated on sea-based rafts. However, the treatment increased the susceptibility of kelp adults to settlement of epibionts (barnacles in Germany and filamentous algal epiphytes in China). In addition, oligoalginate elicitation accelerated the aging of S. japonica adults. Based upon these findings, oligoalginate elicitation could be a feasible way to provide “environmentally friendly” protection of kelp juveniles in nurseries. The same treatment causes not only beneficial, but also unwanted effects in adult kelp sporophytes. Therefore, it is not recommended as a treatment after the juvenile stage is completed. Future tests with other elicitors and other cultivated seaweed species may allow for the development of more feasible applications of targeted defense elicitation in seaweed aquaculture.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Diurnal vertical migration (DVM) is a widespread phenomenon in the upper ocean, but it remains unclear to what degree it also involves passively transported micro- and meso-zooplankton. These organisms are difficult to monitor by in situ sensing and observations from discrete samples are often inconclusive. Prime examples of such ambiguity are planktonic foraminifera, where contradictory evidence for DVM continues to cast doubt on the stability of species vertical habitats, which introduces uncertainties in geochemical proxy interpretation. To provide a robust answer, we carried out highly replicated randomised sampling with 41 vertically resolved plankton net hauls taken within 26 hours in a confined area of 400 km2 in the tropical North Atlantic, where DVM in larger plankton occurs. Manual enumeration of planktonic foraminifera cell density consistently reveals the highest total cell concentrations in the surface mixed layer (top 50 m) and analysis of cell density in seven individual species representing different shell sizes, life strategies and presumed depth habitats reveals consistent vertical habitats not changing over the 26 hours sampling period. These observations robustly reject the existence of DVM in planktonic foraminifera in a setting where DVM occurs in other organisms.
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The present study details the effects of basin-scale hydrographic characteristics of the Red Sea on the macroecology of Chaetognatha, a major plankton component in the pelagic realm. The hydrographic attributes and circulation of the Red Sea as a result of its limited connection with the northern Indian Ocean make it a unique ecohydrographic region in the world ocean. Here, we aimed to identify the prime determinants governing the community structure and vertical distribution of the Cheatognatha in this ecologically significant world ocean basin. The intrusion of Gulf of Aden Water influenced the Chaetognatha community composition in the south, whereas the overturning circulation altered their vertical distribution in the north. The existence of hypoxic waters (〈 100 µmol kg−1) at mid-depth also influenced their vertical distribution. The detailed evaluation of the responses of the different life stages of Chaetognatha revealed an increased susceptibility of adult individuals to hypoxic waters compared to immature stages. Higher oxygen demands of the adults for the egg and sperm production might have prevented them from inhabiting the oxygen-deficient mid-depth zones. The carbon and nitrogen content of the Copepoda and Chaetognatha communities and the quantification of the predation impact of Chaetognatha on Copepoda based on the feeding rate helped in corroborating the significant trophic link between these two prey–predator taxa. The observed influences of physical and chemical attributes on the distribution of Chaetognatha can be used as a model example for the role of the hydrography on the zooplankton community of the Red Sea.
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: To provide an observational basis for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projections of a slowing Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in the 21st century, the Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP) observing system was launched in the summer of 2014. The first 21-month record reveals a highly variable overturning circulation responsible for the majority of the heat and freshwater transport across the OSNAP line. In a departure from the prevailing view that changes in deep water formation in the Labrador Sea dominate MOC variability, these results suggest that the conversion of warm, salty, shallow Atlantic waters into colder, fresher, deep waters that move southward in the Irminger and Iceland basins is largely responsible for overturning and its variability in the subpolar basin.
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: As coastal areas become increasingly vulnerable to climate change, the study of nearshore sediment textures along the littoral cell of the Medjerda delta in the Gulf of Tunis, southern Mediterranean coast can provide valuable information (i) on the origin (continental or marine) of the sediment, (ii) its transport direction, and (iii) constitutes an important tool in the assessment of coastal sensitivity. A total of 120 sediments samples underwent grain size analysis and statistic parameters have been calculated. These allowed the identification of five different Sedimentary Types (ST). Accordingly, using grain size indexes (i.e. Mz, SKI and Ku), Sediment Trend Analysis (STA) modeling tools were applied to define the seasonal sediment transport pathways throughout the nearshore of the Medjerda sedimentary cell. Results show that grain size distribution (GSD) and STA model pathways are determined by cross-shore geomorphology, location of the sediment-cell, seasonal incident wave and local terrestrial supply. The appearance in an atypical seabed location of the finer (Mo = 0.1 mm) and the coarser STs (Mo = 0.8 mm) can be indicative of human influence since the coarser particles are usually retained by dam structures. Moreover, the bimodality and the increased distribution of mud are also related to the seasonal incident wave winnowing of the historic deltaic plain submerged by the relative rise in sea level. The evolution of the sediment pattern towards a greater proportion of very fine grains indicates a deficit of sediment supply, particularly of the coarser grains, and demonstrates the coastal vulnerability of the Gulf of Tunis due to anthropic effects.
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: A broad variety of materials of biological origin have been successfully used in recent decades for the removal of pollutants from waters. These biosorbents include natural polymers that play a key role for adsorption. It is therefore critical to understand the physicochemical properties of the chemical groups of these biopolymers. The acid–base properties of biomass are affected by pH, ionic strength and medium composition. Nevertheless, these parameters are not always considered during biosorption studies. According to the literature, less than 3% of biosorption reports include studies on proton binding. Moreover, in 60% of these papers, there is key experimental information missing such as the calibration of the electrodes employed for potentiometric titrations. We consider therefore that there is an important need for reviewing the role of proton binding in biosorption studies. This review outlines the major advances on data interpretation and modelling of proton binding on biosorbents. In addition, we discuss issues concerning the acid–base properties of biosorbents.
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Sponges are one of the most dominant organisms in marine ecosystems. One reason for their success is their association with microorganisms that are besides the host itself responsible for the chemical defence. Sponge abundances have been increasing on coral reefs in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and are predicted to increase further with rising anthropogenic impacts on coral reefs. However, there is a paucity of information on chemical ecology of sponges from the WIO and their prokaryotic community composition. We used a combination of Illumina sequencing and a predictive metagenomic analysis to (i) assess the prokaryotic community composition of sponges from Zanzibar, (ii) predict the presence of KEGG metabolic pathways responsible for bioactive compound production and (iii) relate their presence to the degree of observed chemical defence in their respective sponge host. We found that sponges from Zanzibar host diverse prokaryotic communities that are host species-specific. Sponge-species and respective specimens that showed strong chemical defences in previous studies were also predicted to be highly enriched in various pathways responsible for secondary metabolite production. Hence, the combined sequencing and predictive metagenomic approach proved to be a useful indicator for the metabolic potential of sponge holobionts
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  • 92
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    In:  Mineralium Deposita, 54 (6). pp. 789-820.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Hydrothermal fluids on the modern seafloor are important carriers of base and precious metals in a wide range of volcanic and tectonic settings. The concentrations and distribution, especially of gold and silver, in associated seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) deposits are strongly influenced by variable source rocks, fluid chemistry, and precipitation mechanisms. Compositional data of 130 SMS deposits around the world show a large range of gold and silver grades, in part reflecting strong buffering of the hydrothermal fluids by their host rocks. Geochemical reaction-path modeling shows that in most cases the investigated hydrothermal fluids are undersaturated with gold and silver, and solubilities can be orders of magnitude higher than the Au and Ag concentrations measured in the corresponding fluids. Precipitation of gold during conductive cooling of mid-ocean ridge black smoker (MOR) fluids occurs at low temperatures but can be very rapid, with 〉 90% of the gold deposited in the first 25 °C of cooling below ~ 150 °C. The result is a Zn–Au polymetallic assemblage with Au and Ag deposited at the same time together with Pb and sulfosalts. In ultramafic-dominated (UM) systems, the strongly reduced hydrothermal fluids promote the deposition of gold at higher temperatures and explain the correlation between gold and copper in these deposits. In this case, the lower stability of the AuHS° complex at low ƒO2 (buffered by fayalite, magnetite, and quartz) results in gold deposition at 〉 250 °C with early bornite and chalcopyrite and before sphalerite and silver, producing a high-temperature Cu–Au assemblage. In sediment-hosted (SED) systems, the much higher pH stabilizes Au(HS)2− and keeps gold in solution to very low temperatures, after the precipitation of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena, resulting in Au-poor polymetallic sulfides and very late-stage deposition of gold, commonly with amorphous silica. In arc-related (ARC) systems, gold deposition occurs at somewhat higher temperatures than in the MOR case, in part because the fluids start with higher gold concentrations. This can be explained by probable direct magmatic contributions, and the high ƒO2 of the fluids, which promotes the solubility of gold at the source. During cooling, gold precipitates at about 160 °C with sphalerite, tennantite, silver, and galena, resulting in an Au-rich polymetallic sulfide assemblage. The mixing of hydrothermal fluids with seawater generally causes oxidation and eventually a decrease in the pH at a mixing ratio of 1:1, causing an initial increase in the solubility of gold and silver. This can delay gold deposition from aqueous species to very low temperatures. These complex systematics make prediction of Au and Ag grades difficult. However, important new data are coming to light on the actual concentrations of the precious metals in hydrothermal fluids. In particular, the input of magmatic volatiles and leaching of pre-existing gold can lead to significant increases in the Au and Ag concentrations of the venting fluids and earlier deposition. In several cases, it appears that at least part of the gold load is present as nanoparticles in suspension, allowing bulk gold concentrations that may be far in excess of liquid saturation. Boiling at the seafloor is now widely observed, even at great water depths close to the critical point of seawater. Model calculations of phase separation during boiling show the competing effects on gold solubility of H2, H2S, and CO2 partitioning into the vapor, which can result in highly variable gold-to-base metal ratios in the deposits. Flashing of the vent fluids into steam at high temperatures is also commonly observed and can lead to spectacular Au grades, with a strong Cu–Au association in the deepest and hottest vents.
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The ecological approach to comparative cognition emphasizes that the ecological and social environment are important predictors of cognitive performance. We used this approach to test whether differences in habitat use and social behavior in the facultative Caribbean cleaning goby Elacatinus prochilos predict differences in learning performance in two discriminatory two-choice tasks. This species has two behavioral ecotypes: one that frequently engages in cleaning interactions and inhabits corals in male–female pairs (cleaning gobies) and another that rarely engages in cleaning interactions and inhabits barrel sponges in large groups (sponge-dwellers). We predicted that cleaning gobies would outperform sponge-dwellers in a pattern-cued task, which consisted of identifying the pattern on a plate that consistently provided food, while sponge-dwellers would outperform cleaning gobies in a spatial task, which consisted of identifying the location of the plate. Contrary to our predictions, there was no difference in performance between the two ecotypes. Most of the gobies performed poorly in the pattern-cued task and well in the spatial task. A possible explanation for these results is that the association of a pattern with positive and negative reinforcement may not be a pre-requisite for engaging in cleaning interactions, while spatial skills might be equally required in both ecotypes. Alternatively, the two ecotypes can flexibly adjust to new feeding conditions, which would explain their similar performance in the spatial task. Further research should investigate which aspects of E. prochilos’ social and ecological environment might impose challenges that require spatial cognition and whether individuals can flexibly adjust to new habitats and feeding conditions.
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Precipitation in California is modulated by variability in the tropical Pacific associated with El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO): more rainfall is expected during El Nino episodes, and reduced rainfall during La Nina. It has been suggested that besides the shape and location of the sea surface temperature ( SST) anomaly this remote connection depends on the strength and location of the atmospheric convection response in the tropical Pacific. Here we show in a perturbed physics ensemble of the Kiel Climate Model and CMIP5 models that due to a cold equatorial SST bias many climate models are in a La Nina-like mean state, resulting in a too westward position of the rising branch of the Pacific Walker Circulation. This in turn results in a convective response along the equator during ENSO events that is too far west in comparison to observations. This effect of the equatorial cold SST bias is not restricted to the tropics, moreover it leads to a too westward SLP response in the North Pacific and too westward precipitation response that does not reach California. Further we show that climate models with a reduced equatorial cold SST bias have a more realistic representation of the spatial asymmetry of the teleconnections between El Nino and La Nina.
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The spatial pattern of the first mode of interannual variability associated with the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), obtained from a multivariate Empirical Orthogonal Functions (MV-EOF) analysis, corresponds to the Pacific–Japan (PJ) pattern and is referred to as the PJ-mode. The present study investigates the interannual variation of the PJ-mode from the perspective of the intraseasonal timescale. In particular, the impact of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) on the interannual variation of the PJ-mode is investigated. The results show that the MJO has a significant influence on the interannual variation of the PJ-mode mainly in the lower troposphere (850 hPa) and that the former accounts for approximately 11% of the amplitude of the latter. The major part of the contribution comes from a change in frequency of the different phases of the MJO, especially that of MJO phase 6. This suggests that intraseasonal variation of the convection anomalies over the tropical eastern Indian and western Pacific Oceans plays an important role in the interannual variation of the PJ-mode. In addition, MJO phase 7 also contributes to the interannual variability of the PJ-mode, in this case induced by both the change in frequency and the change in circulation anomalies associated with MJO phase 7.
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  • 96
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    In:  Springer Oceanography Book series . Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 550 pp. ISBN 978-3-319-99417-8
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: This book includes invited contributions presenting the latest research on the oceanography and environment of the Red Sea. In addition to covering topics relevant to research in the region and providing insights into marine science for non-experts, it is also of interest to those involved in the management of coastal zones and encourages further research on the Red Sea
    Type: Book , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 97
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    In:  International Journal of Earth Sciences, 108 . pp. 587-620.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The nature of the warm climates of the Cretaceous has been enigmatic since the first numerical climate models were run in the late 1970s. Quantitative simulations of the paleoclimate have consistently failed to agree with information from plant and animal fossils and climate sensitive sediments. The ‘cold continental interior paradox’ (first described by DeConto et al. in Barrera E, Johnson C (eds) Evolution of the Cretaceous Ocean/climate system, vol 332. Geological Society of America Special Paper, Boulder, pp 391–406, 1999), has been an enigma, with extensive continental interiors, especially in northeast Asia, modeled as below freezing in spite of plant and other evidence to the contrary. We reconsider the paleoelevations of specific areas, particularly along the northeastern Siberian continental margin, where paleofloras indeed indicate higher temperatures than suggested by current climate models. Evidence for significant masses of ice on land during even the otherwise warmest times of the Cretaceous is solved by reinterpretation of the δ18O record of fossil plankton. The signal interpreted as an increase in ice volume on land is the same as the signal for an increase in the volume of groundwater reservoirs on land. The problem of a warm Arctic, where fossil floras indicate that they never experienced freezing conditions in winter, could not be solved by numerical simulations using higher CO2 equivalent greenhouse gas concentrations. We propose a solution by assuming that paleoelevations were less than today and that there were much more extensive wetlands (lakes, meandering rivers, swamps, bogs) on the continents than previously assumed. Using ~ 8 × CO2 equivalent greenhouse gas concentrations and assuming 50–75% water surfaces providing water vapor as a supplementary greenhouse gas on the continents reduces the meridional temperature gradients. Under these conditions the equatorial to polar region temperature gradients produce conditions compatible with fossil and sedimentological evidence.
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Climate model components involve both high-dimensional input and output fields. It is desirable to efficiently generate spatio-temporal outputs of these models for applications in integrated assessment modelling or to assess the statistical relationship between such sets of inputs and outputs, for example, uncertainty analysis. However, the need for efficiency often compromises the fidelity of output through the use of low complexity models. Here, we develop a technique which combines statistical emulation with a dimensionality reduction technique to emulate a wide range of outputs from an atmospheric general circulation model, PLASIM, as functions of the boundary forcing prescribed by the ocean component of a lower complexity climate model, GENIE-1. Although accurate and detailed spatial information on atmospheric variables such as precipitation and wind speed is well beyond the capability of GENIE-1’s energy-moisture balance model of the atmosphere, this study demonstrates that the output of this model is useful in predicting PLASIM’s spatio-temporal fields through multi-level emulation. Meaningful information from the fast model, GENIE-1 was extracted by utilising the correlation between variables of the same type in the two models and between variables of different types in PLASIM. We present here the construction and validation of several PLASIM variable emulators and discuss their potential use in developing a hybrid model with statistical components.
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  • 99
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    In:  Climate Dynamics, 53 (1-2). pp. 1111-1124.
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: There is a controversy about the origin of the recent decadal Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) slowing observed at 26.5°N and concurrent sea surface temperature cooling in the central and eastern mid-latitude North Atlantic. We investigate decadal AMOC slowing events simulated in a multi-millennial preindustrial control integration of the Kiel Climate Model (KCM), providing an estimate of internal AMOC variability. Preindustrial control integrations of 15 models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 also are investigated, as well as historical simulations with them providing estimates of AMOC variability during 1856–2005. It is shown that the recent decadal AMOC decline is still within the range of the models’ internal AMOC variability and thus could be of natural origin. In this case, the decline would represent an extreme realization of internal variability provided the climate models yield realistic levels of AMOC variability. The model results suggest that internal decadal AMOC variability is large, requiring multi-decadal observational records to detect an anthropogenic AMOC signal with high confidence. When analyzing the strongest decadal AMOC slowing events in the KCM, which have amplitudes similar to or larger than the recently observed decadal AMOC decline, the following composite picture emerges: a very strong decadal AMOC decline is preceded by a decadal rise in atmospheric surface pressure over large parts of the mid-latitude North Atlantic. The change in low-level atmospheric circulation drives reduced oceanic heat loss over and diminished upper-ocean salt content in the Labrador Sea. In response, oceanic deep convection and subsequently the AMOC and northward oceanic heat transport weaken, and anomalously cold sea surface temperatures develop in the central and eastern mid-latitude North Atlantic
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: We quantify the oceanic sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) over the period 1994 to 2007 by using observations from the global repeat hydrography program and contrasting them to observations from the 1990s. Using a linear regression–based method, we find a global increase in the anthropogenic CO 2 inventory of 34 ± 4 petagrams of carbon (Pg C) between 1994 and 2007. This is equivalent to an average uptake rate of 2.6 ± 0.3 Pg C year −1 and represents 31 ± 4% of the global anthropogenic CO 2 emissions over this period. Although this global ocean sink estimate is consistent with the expectation of the ocean uptake having increased in proportion to the rise in atmospheric CO 2 , substantial regional differences in storage rate are found, likely owing to climate variability–driven changes in ocean circulation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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