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  • Books  (5)
  • Articles  (4,827)
  • 550 - Earth sciences  (4,744)
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Fisheries
  • Organic Chemistry
  • 2020-2024  (11)
  • 2010-2014  (4,821)
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  • Books  (5)
  • Articles  (4,827)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-03-05
    Description: Con sus 220 km2 la región geográfica de Bahía de Nipe es el mayor acuatorio en su tipo en Cuba, donde se encuentran representaciones de diversos ecosistemas a lo largo de sus costas. Los asentamientos humanos y sus múltiples actividades productivas de importancia y magnitud, le dan a esta bahía relevancia como recurso natural que sustenta usos estratégicos para el país.
    Description: Other
    Keywords: Contaminación ; Metales pesados ; Fuentes contaminantes ; Pesquerías ; Pollution ; Heavy metals ; Plaguicides ; Fisheries ; Plaguicidas ; Sources pollution
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Thesis/Dissertation
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-01-11
    Description: The 60–80s of the last century were the period of the most rapid development of commercial oceanology in the Azov and Black Sea Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (AzCherNIRO, further renamed YugNIRO). In addition to the monitoring of oceanographic processes, it was involved in the areas of general marine ecology, monitoring of marine pollution, and space oceanology. Oceanographic information is used in forecasting the state of aquatic ecosystems at various timescales and is crucial for fishing forecasts. In 1981, a satellite data reception center was established in AzCherNIRO. In the 80–90s, in YugNIRO, an optimal procedure was created for multidimensional predictive monitoring of the state of the Black Sea ecosystem. In September 1986, within the Laboratory of Commercial Oceanology of the Black Sea, a group for the conservation of marine ecosystems was created, which turned into a sector in January 1989, and into a separate laboratory in December 1996. Its reasearchers carried out multidisciplinary environmental studies, investigating the ecological status of the aquatic areas affected by the facilities of the marine industry during their operation, monitoring the level of soil contamination, and excercising the toxicological control of fish and fish products. YugNIRO oceanological studies conducted in the World Ocean from the early 1970s to the early 1990s made it possible to link the productivity and catches of exploitable species to the atmospheric circulation, changes in the climatic fields of currents, as well as to the geo- and heliophysical factors, which enabled the fishing predictions with a one-year lead time or more for the fishing areas of the Central, Southeastern and Southwestern Indian Ocean, the Patagonian Shelf, and the Indian Ocean sector of Antarctica. In the 70–90s and early 2000s, YugNIRO conducted marine geological studies facilitating fishing operations and environmental protection in the Gulf of Aden, on the bottom elevations of the tropical and subtropical parts of the Indian Ocean, in the Antarctic Shelf area, and in the Black and Azov Seas. This article lays down the current major goals and prospects of commercial oceanology.
    Description: 60–80-е годы прошедшего столетия были в АзЧерНИРО (ЮгНИРО) периодом наиболее активного развития промысловой океанологии. Кроме мониторинга океанографических процессов она начала внедряться в сферы общей экологии моря, мониторинга загрязнения моря, космической океанологии. Океанографическая информация используется при разработке прогнозов состояния водных экосистем различной заблаговременности и является неотъемлемой составляющей рыбопромысловых прогнозов. В 1981 г. в АзЧерНИРО был создан центр приема спутниковой информации. В 1980–1990-х гг. в ЮгНИРО была создана оптимальная для Черного моря схема комплексного прогностического мониторинга состояния его экосистемы. В сентябре 1986 г. в составе лаборатории промысловой океанологии Черного моря была создана группа, в январе 1989 г. — сектор, в декабре 1996 г. — лаборатория охраны морских экосистем. Сотрудниками лаборатории проводились комплексные экологические исследования состояния акваторий предприятий морехозяйственого комплекса в условиях их производственной деятельности, контроль уровня загрязненности почв, токсикологический контроль рыбы и рыбопродукции. Океанологические исследования ЮгНИРО, проводимые в Мировом океане с начала 1970-х до начала 1990-х гг., позволили получить систему связей урожайности и вылова промысловых объектов с особенностями атмосферной циркуляции, изменениями макромасштабных полей течений, гео- и гелиофизическими факторам для прогноза промысловых характеристик с заблаговременностью год и более в промысловых районах центральной, юго-восточной и юго-западной частей Индийского океана, в районе Патагонского шельфа, в индоокеанском секторе Антарктики. Выполнение морских геологических работ в рыбопромысловых и природоохранных целях проводилось ЮгНИРО в 1970–1990-х и в начале 2000-х гг. в Аденском заливе, на поднятиях тропической и субтропической частей Индийского океана, на шельфе Антарктиды, в Черном и Азовском морях. В статье формулируются основные современные цели и пути развития промысловой океанологии.
    Description: Published
    Description: Non Refereed
    Keywords: Commercial oceanography ; Marine geology ; Ecosystems ; Fisheries ; Промысловая океанография ; Морская геология ; Экосистемы ; АзЧерНИРО ; ЮгНИРО ; Промысловые прогнозы ; Океанографическая информация ; Океанологические исследования ; YugNIRO ; AzCherNIRO ; ASFA_2015::F::Fishery oceanography ; ASFA_2015::F::Forecasting ; ASFA_2015::F::Fishery institutions ; ASFA_2015::M::Monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.159-169
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-01-25
    Description: La producción de ostión en Cuba aumenta hacia el este, y los máximos de abundancia y captura se presentan en la zona costera cercana a la cuenca del río Cauto, en la región correspondiente al municipio Manzanillo, provincia de Granma. En esta región habitan el ostión de mangle antillano (Crassostrea rhizophorae Guilding, 1828), y el ostión americano (Crassostrea virginica Gmelin, 1791). Aunque la tendencia histórica ha sido al incremento, posterior a 2013 (853 t) la producción promedio anual disminuye a 307 t. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el estado actual del recurso ostión y su aprovechamiento industrial en la región del golfo de Guacanayabo, en relación a la situación ambiental de sus hábitats. Se realizó un diagnóstico de la pesquería de ostión y de la gestión ambiental de la pesca extractiva para determinar impactos ecosistémicos. Se identificaron como principales factores de impacto negativo, que inciden sobre las poblaciones de ostión y sus hábitats, el incumplimiento del periodo de veda, el manejo inadecuado de la pesca extractiva, y eventos de contaminación, que afectan los bienes y servicios ecosistémicos del manglar y reducen las poblaciones de ostión. Se propone la ostricultura artesanal como alternativa pesquera sostenible y se proyectó un plan de producción de ostión para 2023-2030. Se estimó que a calidad ambiental de la región donde se desarrollan las especies de interés es adecuada para su desarrollo.
    Description: Oyster production in Cuba increases to the east, and the maximum abundance and catch occur in the coastal zone near the Cauto river basin, in the region corresponding to the Manzanillo municipality, Granma province. The West Indian mangrove oyster (Crassostrea rhizophorae Guilding, 1828), and the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica Gmelin, 1791) inhabit this region. Although the historical trend has been to increase, after 2013 (853 t) the average annual production decreases to 307 t. The objective of this research was to evaluate the current state of the oyster resource and its industrial use in the region of the Guacanayabo Gulf, in relation to the environmental situation of its habitats. A diagnosis of the oyster fishery and the environmental management of extractive fishing was carried out to determine ecosystem impacts. The main factors of negative impact, which affect oyster populations and their habitats, were identified as non-compliance with the closed season, inadequate management of extractive fishing, and pollution events, which affect the goods and ecosystem services of the mangrove and reduce oyster populations. Artisanal oyster farming is proposed as a sustainable fishing alternative and an oyster production plan was projected for 2023-2030. It is estimated that the environmental quality of the region where the species of interest develop is adequate for their development.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Golfo de Guacanayabo ; Gestión ambiental ; Pesquería ; Ostricultura ; Gulf of Guacanayabo ; Environmental management ; Fisheries ; Ostrich farming
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-06-10
    Description: This draft White Paper has been prepared as part of the Vision 2030 process of the United Nations (UN) Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (hereafter, Ocean Decade). The Vision 2030 process aims to identify tangible measures of success for each of the ten Ocean Decade Challenges by 2030. From a starting point of existing initiatives underway in the Ocean Decade and beyond, and through a lens of priority user needs, the process determines critical gaps in science and knowledge, needs for capacity development, priority datasets, infrastructure, and technology for each Challenge. Focusing investments in science and knowledge to address these needs will help ensure progress towards meeting each critical Challenge by the end of the Ocean Decade in 2030. The results of the process will contribute to the scoping of future Decade Actions, identification of resource mobilisation priorities, and ensure relevance of the Challenges over time. This draft White Paper is one of a series of ten White Papers, all of which have been authored by an expert Working Group and discussed at the 2024 Ocean Decade Conference. A synthesis report, authored by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO/IOC), will accompany the White Papers. With a substantial portion of people depending on the ocean as a primary source of nutrition and livelihood, a significant challenge comes into focus: How can we ensure that the ocean's resources continue to effectively nourish an expanding global population? The Ocean Decade responds to this critical concern through its Challenge 3: “Sustainably nourish the global population”.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Food ; Agriculture ; Sustainable economy ; Fisheries ; World population ; Ocean economy ; Nutrition ; Aquatic foods ; Aquaculture ; Sustainable production ; Forward look ; Vision paper
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report
    Format: 33pp.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-05-20
    Description: To ensure the long-term sustainable use of African Great Lakes (AGL), and to better understand the functioning of these ecosystems, authorities, managers and scientists need regularly collected scientific data and information of key environmental indicators over multi-years to make informed decisions. Monitoring is regularly conducted at some sites across AGL; while at others sites, it is rare or conducted irregularly in response to sporadic funding or short-term projects/studies. Managers and scientists working on the AGL thus often lack critical long-term data to evaluate and gauge ongoing changes. Hence, we propose a multi-lake approach to harmonize data collection modalities for better understanding of regional and global environmental impacts on AGL. Climate variability has had strong impacts on all AGL in the recent past. Although these lakes have specific characteristics, their limnological cycles show many similarities. Because different anthropogenic pressures take place at the different AGL, harmonized multilake monitoring will provide comparable data to address the main drivers of concern (climate versus regional anthropogenic impact). To realize harmonized long-term multi-lake monitoring, the approach will need: (1) support of a wide community of researchers and managers; (2) political goodwill towards a common goal for such monitoring; and (3) sufficient capacity (e.g., institutional, financial, human and logistic resources) for its implementation. This paper presents an assessment of the state of monitoring the AGL and possible approaches to realize a long-term, multi-lake harmonized monitoring strategy. Key parameters are proposed. The support of national and regional authorities is necessary as each AGL crosses international boundaries.
    Description: Published
    Description: 101988
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Biodiversity ; Climate change ; Erosion
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The aim of this second Eng Special Issue is to collect experimental and theoretical re-search relating to engineering science and technology. The general topics of Eng are as follows: electrical, electronic and information engineering; chemical and materials engineering; energy engineering; mechanical and automotive engineering; industrial and manufacturing engineering; civil and structural engineering; aerospace engineering; biomedical engineering; geotechnical engineering and engineering geology; and ocean and environmental engineering. Therefore, the following editorial is a selection of representative works of these topics.
    Keywords: &nbsp ; Environment Management ; Environmental Engineering ; Chemical Engineering ; Materials Engineering&nbsp ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-13
    Description: In a marine environment that is rapidly changing due to anthropogenic activities and climate change, area-based management tools are often used to mitigate threats and conserve biodiversity. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are amongst the most widespread and recognized marine conservation tools worldwide, however, MPAs alone are inadequate to address the environmental crisis. The promotion of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) under draft Target 3 of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, i.e., conserving 30% of marine areas by 2030, holds promise to acknowledge sites and practices occurring beyond MPAs that contribute to conservation. Here, we evaluate the potential recognition of OECMs into Indonesia's national policy framework on marine resource management and provide the first-ever overview of distribution and types of potential marine OECMs in Indonesia, including a review of the existing evidence on conservation effectiveness. We identified 〉 390 potential marine OECMs, led by government, customary and local communities, or the private sector, towards diverse management objectives, including habitat protection, traditional/customary management, fisheries, tourism, or other purposes. While some evidence exists regarding the conservation effectiveness of these practices, the long-term impacts on biodiversity of all potential marine OECMs in Indonesia are unknown. Many OECM elements have been included in several national policies, yet there are no established mechanisms to identify, recognize and report sites as OECMs in Indonesia. We propose four transformational strategies for future OECM recognition in Indonesia, namely: (i) safeguard customary and traditional communities, (ii) leverage cross-sector and cross-scale collaboration, (iii) focus on delivering outcomes, and (iv) streamline legal frameworks. Our study shows that OECMs have the potential to play a significant role in underpinning marine area-based conservation in Indonesia, including supporting the Government of Indonesia in reaching national and international conservation targets and goals.
    Keywords: Area-based management ; Biodiversity conservation ; Customary management ; Fisheries ; Co-management ; Sustainable marine management
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
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    De Gruyter | De Gruyter
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The essential principles of green chemistry are the use of renewable raw materials, highly efficient catalysts and green solvents linked with energy efficiency and process optimization in real-time. Experts from different fields show, how to examine all levels from the molecular elementary steps up to the design and operation of an entire plant for developing novel and efficient production processes.
    Keywords: Process Engineering ; Chemical Engineering ; Technical Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The Frontiers in Chemistry Editorial Office team are delighted to present the inaugural “Frontiers in Chemistry: Rising Stars” article collection, showcasing the high-quality work of internationally recognized researchers in the early stages of their independent careers. All Rising Star researchers featured within this collection were individually nominated by the Journal’s Chief Editors in recognition of their potential to influence the future directions in their respective fields. The work presented here highlights the diversity of research performed across the entire breadth of the chemical sciences, and presents advances in theory, experiment and methodology with applications to compelling problems. This Editorial features the corresponding author(s) of each paper published within this important collection, ordered by section alphabetically, highlighting them as the great researchers of the future. The Frontiers in Chemistry Editorial Office team would like to thank each researcher who contributed their work to this collection. We would also like to personally thank our Chief Editors for their exemplary leadership of this article collection; their strong support and passion for this important, community-driven collection has ensured its success and global impact.
    Keywords: Green and Sustainable Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry ; Theoretical and Computational Chemistry ; Polymer Chemistry ; Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry ; Nanoscience ; Catalysis and Photocatalysis ; Supramolecular Chemistry ; Electrochemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry ; Chemical Biology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: living marine resources ; Forecasting ; prediction ; fish ; Fisheries ; Seasonal to Decadal Prediction ; Climate services ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas and oceans)
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access book explores fishing livelihoods in the context of the wider contexts in which they are embedded. Drawing on case studies from across the Asia-Pacific region, the book highlights how fishing livelihoods are shaped by globalisation, social relationships and governance. The book concludes by showing how better understanding these relationships can contribute to governance for healthier ecosystems and social wellbeing. This is an open access book. This is an open access book.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; marine social science ; fishing livelihoods in the Asia-Pacific ; sustainable fishing ; environmental sustainability ; food security ; coastal conservation ; fish stocks ; fisheries governance ; Fishing livelihoods and social diversity ; Fishing livelihoods and wellbeing ; Open Access ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGB Physical geography and topography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography
    Language: English
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2021-01-30
    Description: The first meeting of the South West Indian Ocean EAF Regional Task Group (RTG) was held in Mombasa, Kenya, from 27 to 30 January 2009, together with an ecological risk assessment methodology workshop. It was attended by 20 partic ipants from the South West Indian Ocean (SWIO) countries, the South West Indian Ocean Fisheries Project (SWIOFP), the Agulhas and Somali Currents Large Marine Ecosystems (ASCLME) project, the Scientific Committee of the South West Indian Ocean Fisheries Commission, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)/Nairobi Convention Implementation Unit, the African Union Commission and FAO. The RTG is an implementation structure under the EAF-Nansen project GCP/INT/003/NOR and serves as the forum for training in ecological risk assessment that is the methodology used for the identification and prioritization of issues requiring management attention. The main objectives of the meeting and workshop we re to discuss and facilitate key processes and activities for the implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management in the South West Indian Ocean region including the modalities for the formation and functioning of the RTG and National Task Groups (NTGs). It was explained that, to be able to achieve the objectives of implementing an ecosystem approach to fisheries at the national level, certain key structures have to be in place including the NTG with representatives of key stakeholders in a given fishery and that would take the lead in the process. An overview of the key concepts and process of the ecological risk assessment methodology were clarified. Participants were also introduced to the preparation of EAF baseline reports to be used as initial input for the work on ecosystems approach to fisheries. It was explained that the preparation of the report is to be led by national and regional experts and overseen by the NTG. For the exercises the participants worked in three subgroups formed during the meeting with each group selecting a chairman who moderate d the discussions and a rapporteur. The participants expressed satisfaction with the development of a communication strategy for the project and especially with the participatory approach used.
    Description: FAO, NORAD, Institute of Marine Research
    Description: Published
    Description: National task groups
    Description: Regional task groups
    Description: Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries
    Keywords: Ecosystems ; Fisheries ; Ecosystems ; Fishery resources ; Fisheries management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Non-Refereed
    Format: 36
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  • 13
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    Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research | Lagos, Nigeria
    Publication Date: 2021-01-30
    Description: Published
    Description: Fisheries newsletter
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Marine sciences ; Fisheries literature
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Non-Refereed
    Format: 30pp.
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  • 14
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    Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research | Lagos, Nigeria
    Publication Date: 2021-01-30
    Description: Published
    Description: Fisheries newsletter
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Marine sciences ; Fisheries literature
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Non-Refereed
    Format: 34pp.
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  • 15
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    Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research | Lagos, Nigeria,
    Publication Date: 2021-01-30
    Description: Published
    Description: Fisheries newsletter
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Fisheries literature
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Non-Refereed
    Format: 11pp.
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  • 16
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    Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, | Lagos, Nigeria,
    Publication Date: 2021-01-30
    Description: Published
    Description: Fisheries newsletter
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Fisheries literature
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Non-Refereed
    Format: 8pp.
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Formation of turions, the vegetative perennation organs, plays an important role in the survival strategy of Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden. Turion formation [quantified as number of turions formed per frond; specific turion yield (SY)] was investigated in 27 clones collected from a wide geographical range. The Pearson correlation was tested with (1) duration of growing season (monthly average temperature of ≥10°C), (2) relative growth rate of the fronds, (3) longitude and latitude, and (4) several climatic parameters, in all possible single and multiple regressions. All single coefficients of determination were below 0.10. The highest correlation (R2 = 0.61; adjusted for the number of explaining variables 0.54) was found in a multiple linear regression with the following five parameters: average temperatures over the year and during the growing season, duration of the growing season and precipitation over the year and during the growth period. All these parameters were shown to have significant contributions. This equation was used successfully to predict the SY of five newly isolated clones. Finally, on the basis of all 32 clones the following conclusions were drawn: The mean annual temperature has the highest impact. It is suggested that lower temperatures decrease the survival rate of turions and that adaptation refers to increasing SY. The different levels of SY in the clones (ranging from SY = 0.22 to 5.9) were detected even after several years of in vitro cultivation. It is therefore assumed that these adaptations to the climatic conditions are genetically determined.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The GPS orbit precision of the IGS ultra-rapid predicted (IGU-P) products has been remarkably improved since 2007. However, the satellite clock offsets of the IGU-P products have not shown sufficient high-quality prediction to achieve sub-decimeter precision in real-time precise point positioning (RTPPP), being at the level of 1–3 ns (30–90 cm) RMS in recent years. An improved prediction model for satellite clocks is proposed in order to enhance the precision of predicted clock offsets. First, the proposed prediction model adds a few cyclic terms to absorb the periodic effects, and a time adaptive function is used to adjust the weight of the observation in the prediction model. Second, initial deviations of the predictions are reduced by using a recomputed constant term. The simulation results have shown that the proposed prediction model can give a better performance than the IGU-P clock products and can achieve precision better than 0.55 ns (16.5 cm) in real-time predictions. In addition, the RTPPP method was chosen to test the efficiency of the new model for real-time static and kinematic positioning. The numerical examples using the data set of 140 IGS stations show that the static RTPPP precision based on the proposed clock model has been improved about 22.8 and 41.5 % in the east and height components compared to the IGU-P clock products, while the precisions in the north components are the equal. The kinematic example using three IGS stations shows that the kinematic RTPPP precision based on the proposed clock model has improved about 30, 72 and 44 % in the east, north and height components.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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    Springer
    In:  GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report | Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    In:  Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The influence of plant and canopy architecture on canopy bidirectional reflectance and the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is the subject of this paper. To understand BRDF-influenced reflectance signals, this influence must be identified and quantified, which requires detailed knowledge concerning the structure and BRDF of the observed canopies. In situ BRDF measurements of canopies are time consuming and depend on the availability of a field goniometer. In contrast to field measurements, computer-based simulations of the canopy BRDF offer an alternative approach that considers parameter-driven setups of virtual canopies under constant illumination conditions. This paper presents the hyperspectral simulation of canopy reflectance (HySimCaR) system, which has been developed in the context of the EnMAP mission. This spectral, spatial, and temporal simulation system consists of detailed virtual 3-D cereal canopies of different phenological stages, whose geometries are linked to the corresponding spectral information. The system enables the simulation of realistic bidirectional reflectance spectra on the basis of virtual 3-D scenarios by incorporating any possible viewing position with ray- tracing techniques. The parameterization of a number of canopy structure parameters, such as phe nological stage, row distance, and row orientation, enables the modeling of the bidirectional reflectance and, based on them, the approximation of the BRDF for many structurally different cereal canopies. HySimCaR has been validated with respect to structural and spectral accuracy using three cereal types, namely, wheat, rye, and barley, at 13 different phenological stages. The results show that the virtual cereal canopies are re-created in a realistic way, and it is possible to model their detailed canopy bidirectional reflectance and their BRDF using HySimCaR.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: It is disputed whether Terrae Rossae form mainly out of the bedrock residue, from allochthonous material like aerosols, or by isovolumetric replacement. Furthermore, whether they are mainly relic soils or are still forming is subject to debate. These questions were addressed by comparing the geochemistry of several limestone and basalt based Red Mediterranean Soils with Lithosols on sandstone and limestone in Jordan. The bedrock residue was included at all test sites. Paleosols and initial soils on the limestone Regolith of historic ruins delivered insights into the possible time frame of soil development. A major reduction of elements in the soils compared to bedrock could be observed for CaO in carbonaceous, SiO2 in arenaceous, and Fe2O3 and MgO in basaltic rocks. All Terrae Rossae, however, are characterised by a significant increase of SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, Fe2O3, K2O, and a range of mainly metallic minor elements that cannot be derived from the bedrock. A reasonable explanation could be input via aeolian transfer of minerals, with clay minerals as the major carrier plus quartz. This input probably originates in Egypt and Sudan and has remained largely unchanged over long periods. Growing aridity during the Holocene has apparently increased the share of silt while clay deposition and soil development has been reduced. At some sites, metasomatic processes have contributed to soil development and might help to explain the depth of some profiles. However, formation of red soils during the Holocene seems very limited, and the Red Mediterranean Soils may represent remains of a paleolandscape.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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    In:  Early Warning for Geological Disasters : Scientific Methods and Current Practice | Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    In:  Observation of the System Earth from Space - CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE and future missions | GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report | Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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    In:  Early Warning for Geological Disasters : Scientific Methods and Current Practice
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  • 36
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    In:  Safety, reliability, risk and life-cycle performance of structures and infrastructures : proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, New York, USA, 16-20 June 2013 | A Balkema Book
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 37
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    In:  Observation of the System Earth from Space - CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE and future missions | GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report ; No. 20 ; Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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  • 38
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    In:  Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet ; proceedings of the IAG General Assembly, Melbourne, Australia, June 28 - July 2, 2011 | International Association of Geodesy Symposia ; vol. 139
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    In:  Observation of the System Earth from Space - CHAMP, GRACE, GOCE and future missions | GEOTECHNOLOGIEN Science Report ; No. 20 ; Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 42
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    In:  Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet : Proceedings of the IAG General Assembly, Melbourne, Australia, June 28 - July 2, 2011 | International Association of Geodesy Symposia ; Vol. 139
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: Based on cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al analyses in 15 individual detrital quartz pebbles (16e21 mm) and cosmogenic 10Be in amalgamated medium sand (0.25e0.50 mm), all collected from the outlet of the upper Gaub River catchment in Namibia, quartz pebbles yield a substantially lower average denudation rate than those yielded by the amalgamated sand sample. 10Be and 26Al concentrations in the 15 indi- Accepted 9 April 2012 Available online xxx vidual pebbles span nearly two orders of magnitude (0.22 ± 0.01 to 20.74 ± 0.52 x 10 6 10 Be atoms g-1 and 1.35 ± 0.09 to 72.76 ± 2.04 x 106 26Al atoms g-1, respectively) and yield average denudation rates of w0.7 m Myr-1 (10Be) and w0.9 m Myr-1 (26Al). In contrast, the amalgamated sand yields an average Keywords: Beryllium-10 10Be concentration of 0.77 ± 0.03 x 106 atoms g-1, and an associated mean denudation rate of Aluminium-26 Neon-21 Cosmogenic nuclide Grain size bias Namibia 9.6 ± 1.1 m Myr-1, an order of magnitude greater than the rates obtained for the amalgamated pebbles. The inconsistency between the 10Be and 26Al in the pebbles and the 10Be in the amalgamated sand is likely due to the combined effect of differential sediment sourcing and longer sediment transport times for the pebbles compared to the sand-sized grains. The amalgamated sands leaving the catchment are an aggregate of grains originating from all quartz-bearing rocks in all parts of the catchment. Thus, the cosmogenic nuclide inventories of these sands record the overall average lowering rate of the landscape. The pebbles originate from quartz vein outcrops throughout the catchment, and the episodic erosion of the latter means that the pebbles will have higher nuclide inventories than the surrounding bedrock and soil, and therefore also higher than the amalgamated sand grains. The order-of-magnitude grain size bias observed in the Gaub has important implications for using cosmogenic nuclide abundances in deposi- tional surfaces because in arid environments, akin to our study catchment, pebble-sized clasts yield substantially underestimated palaeo-denudation rates. Our results highlight the importance of carefully considering geomorphology and grain size when interpreting cosmogenic nuclide data in depositional surfaces.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2014-10-04
    Description: Ethanol toxicity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae limits titer and productivity in the industrial production of transportation bioethanol. We show that strengthening the opposing potassium and proton electrochemical membrane gradients is a mechanism that enhances general resistance to multiple alcohols. The elevation of extracellular potassium and pH physically bolsters these gradients, increasing tolerance to higher alcohols and ethanol fermentation in commercial and laboratory strains (including a xylose-fermenting strain) under industrial-like conditions. Production per cell remains largely unchanged, with improvements deriving from heightened population viability. Likewise, up-regulation of the potassium and proton pumps in the laboratory strain enhances performance to levels exceeding those of industrial strains. Although genetically complex, alcohol tolerance can thus be dominated by a single cellular process, one controlled by a major physicochemical component but amenable to biological augmentation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4401034/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4401034/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lam, Felix H -- Ghaderi, Adel -- Fink, Gerald R -- Stephanopoulos, Gregory -- R01 GM035010/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM035010/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):71-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1257859. Epub 2014 Oct 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA. gfink@wi.mit.edu gregstep@mit.edu. ; Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA. gfink@wi.mit.edu gregstep@mit.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25278607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biofuels ; Cation Transport Proteins/genetics ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Chemical Engineering ; *Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics ; Ethanol/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Fermentation ; Genetic Engineering ; Glucose/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Phosphates/*metabolism ; Potassium Compounds/*metabolism ; Proton Pumps/genetics ; Proton-Translocating ATPases/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects/genetics/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Up-Regulation ; Xylose/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 47
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2014-11-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Langer, Robert S -- Gura, Trisha -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Nov 28;346(6213):1146. doi: 10.1126/science.346.6213.1146.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Trisha Gura is a freelance writer who lives in Boston. For more on life and careers visit www.sciencecareers.org.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25430772" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biotechnology ; *Career Choice ; Chemical Engineering ; *Entrepreneurship ; *Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Over the last decade eutrophication of freshwater artificial reservoirs in Cuba occurred in parallel to oligotrophication of estuarine and coastal waters. These two processes influenced both freshwater and marine fisheries. A dramatic shift in species composition in freshwater fisheries has occurred, from dominance by cichlids (tilapia) to dominance by cyprinids. The high fishery yield from some reservoirs, and shift in species composition, seems related to progressive eutrophication of reservoirs by nutrient subsidies from different anthropogenic activities; particular those related to the size of urban areas within their watersheds. On the other hand, marine landings of estuarine-dependent species declined more significantly than for other groups associated with seagrass beds–coral reefs and oceanic waters. The ratio between catches of estuarine-dependent species and those associated with seagrass beds and coral reefs, decreased significantly over the last 20 years. The decrease in landings was more evident in typical estuarine species, such as shrimps (Litopenaeus schmitti and Farfantopenaeus notialis), mangrove oyster (Crassostrea rhizophorae) and mullets (Mugil spp.). River damming increased during the same period and is significantly correlated with these decreases. It is hypothesized that two different processes acted synergistically, leading to dramatic decreases of several orders of magnitude, in the catches of estuarine species over the last decade: the trapping of nutrients and sediments by river damming, and a drastic reduction in nutrient inputs from land-based sources due to reduced fertilizer use. These are postulated to have affected not only estuarine resources, but also the whole coastal ecosystem.
    Description: Durante la última década, la eutrofización de los embalses artificiales de agua dulce en Cuba se produjo en paralelo a oligotrophication de estuarios y costeras aguas. Estos dos procesos de influencia de agua dulce y la pesca marina. Un cambio dramático en la composición de las especies en la pesca de agua dulce se ha producido, de la dominación de los cíclidos (tilapia) a la dominación de ciprínidos. La alta producción de la pesca de algunos embalses, y el cambio en las especies composición, parece relacionada con la progresiva eutrofización de los embalses de las subvenciones de nutrientes de diferentes actividades antropogénicas, especialmente las relacionado con el tamaño de las zonas urbanas dentro de sus cuencas. Por otro lado, los desembarques de especies marinas de estuario-dependientes disminuyeron significativamente más que para otros grupos asociados con algas marinas Los arrecifes de coral-camas y las aguas oceánicas. La relación entre las capturas de las especies que dependen de los estuarios y las asociadas a las praderas marinas y Los arrecifes de coral, se redujo significativamente en los últimos 20 años. La disminución en los desembarques fue más evidente en especies típicas de estuarios, tales como camarones (Litopenaeus schmitti y Farfantopenaeus notialis), ostra de mangle (Crassostrea rhizophorae) y la lisa (Mugil spp.). El represamiento del Río aumentó durante el mismo período y se correlaciona significativamente con estas disminuciones. Se planteó la hipótesis de que dos procesos diferentes actúan de forma sinérgica, que conduce a una disminución drástica de varios órdenes de magnitud, en las capturas de las especies de estuario en la última década: la captura de nutrientes y sedimentos por represas río, y una reducción drástica de los aportes de nutrientes de fuentes terrestres, debido a la reducción del uso de fertilizantes. Se postula que han afectado no sólo a los recursos estuarinos, sino también todo el ecosistema costero.
    Description: Published
    Description: ríos
    Description: impactos antropogénicos
    Keywords: river ; Fisheries ; Eutrophication
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se muestra la evolución de las capturas de las sierras y pintadas, se describen las 3 maneras en que las especies pueden quedar atrapadas en la redes de enmalles, así como también los tipos de redes (deriva, media agua y de fondo).
    Description: Published
    Description: Scomberomorus regalis
    Description: Scomberomorus maculatus
    Description: Scomberomorus cavalla
    Description: spanish mackerel
    Description: king mackerel
    Description: painted mackerel
    Description: enmalle
    Description: arte de pesca
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Artisanal fishing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Published
    Description: Mugil curema
    Description: Mugil liza
    Description: Mugil cephalus
    Description: Gerres cinereus
    Description: patao
    Description: coastal lagoons
    Keywords: Mullet fisheries ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Ce travail représente une contribution à l'étude de l'activité de pêche hauturière dans le gouvernorat de Médenine, particulièrement, au niveau du port de Zarzis ; durant la période (juin 2005-juin 2006). Il consiste à réaliser, grâce à des enquêtes menées au port, deux types d'analyses : une analyse quantitative afin de déterminer les débarquements saisonniers moyens des espèces les plus débarquées par la pêche hauturière et une analyse qualitative pour établir les structures démographiques des espèces les plus exploitées dans la région. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que, durant la période d'étude, les principales espèces débarquées par la pêche hauturière sont la sardinelle, le maquereau, le saurel, le rouget blanc, le pageot, la thonine, la seiche et la crevette royale. En examinant les débarquements saisonniers moyens des espèces les plus débarquées par type de pêche, nous avons remarqué que deux ou trois espèces dominent pour chaque saison. De plus, l'analyse des structures démographique des apports a montré que la majorité des individus débarqués sont matures, à l’exception du maquereau dont les captures sont constituées d’individus immatures, surtout pendant les saisons d’été et d’automne.
    Description: This work represents a contribution to the study of the offshore fishing activity in the governorate of Medenine, particularly at the port of Zarzis, during the period (june 2005-june 2006. It is to realize, through surveys conducted at the port, two types of analyzes: a quantitative analysis to determine the average seasonal landings of most landed species by fishing offshore units and qualitative analysis to determine the demographic structure of the most exploited species in the region. The obtained results showed that during the period of study, the main landed species by offshore fishing are sardinella, mackerel, horse mackerel, white mullet, sea bream, skipjack tuna, cuttlefish and the caramote prawn. By examining the average seasonal landings of the most landed species, we noticed that, for each season, two or three species dominate. Furthermore, analysis of demographic structures of the landings showed that the majority of landed individuals are mature, with the exception of mackerel catches which are composed of immature individuals, especially during the seasons of summer and autumn.
    Description: Published
    Description: analyse qualitative
    Description: pêche hauturière
    Keywords: Quality analysis ; Offshore ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Proceedings Paper , Refereed , Meeting abstract
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se muestran las capturas históricas de la biajaiba (1935-2000), la evolución de las capturas del pargo (una de las especies de mayor interés económico en Cuba). Se evalúa la utilización de éstas artes de pesca en especies comerciales y su implicación con daños al medio ambiente. Se tiene en cuenta que los pargos criollos, la biajaiba y el caballerote representan el 20 % de las capturas.
    Description: Published
    Description: pesquería artesanal
    Description: cubera
    Description: cherna criolla
    Description: pesca del alto
    Description: pargo
    Description: rabirrubia
    Description: caballerote
    Description: biajaiba
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Artisanal fishing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Un análisis de los datos arqueológicos e históricos sobre la pesca en Cuba muestra que el impacto de la población aborigen sobre los recursos pesqueros no fue significativo debido a su baja densidad poblacional y a las tecnologías de pesca. El interés por el oro, el tamaño de la población, las limitaciones tecnológicas para la pesca y preservación de las capturas así como las preferencias dietéticas de los españoles todas indican que la pesca tampoco fue una actividad económica importante durante los tres siglos que siguieron a la llegada de Colón. Las preferencias por la carne de res y el bacalao salado y la baja tasa de crecimiento poblacional durante el período colonial determinaron que la mayor parte de los recursos pesqueros, con la excepción del manatí y las tortugas marinas, permanecieran prácticamente inexplorados durante varios siglos después de la Conquista. Los datos estadísticos e históricos revelan que la pesca experimentó un rápido crecimiento desde 1950 y este patrón parece ser una característica común en el Caribe así como en otras partes del mundo. Las presiones sobre la vida marina fueron más evidentes en la segunda mitad del siglo xx cuando el crecimiento poblacional, las mejoras tecnológicas y las demandas del mercado aceleraron el sector pesquero así como la urbanización en la mayoría de los países del caribe.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Integrated management ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Proceedings Paper , Refereed , Article
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: A yield per recruit model has been used to compare the effects of mesh size increment on the yields and revenues of the fisheries of Cameroon under two different cases. Case 1 assumes the commercial fishery to move from the exploitation of three age-groups to two age-groups with no interactions with the artisanal fishery, whereas Case 2 takes into account these interactions. The difference in the percentage increase of yield per recruit between case 1 and case 2 is 61% at current fishing (46% and 18% yield per recruit increment in cases 1 and 2 respectively). The usually accepted long-term yield per recruit increment with increase of age at first capture (with a single non-interacting fisheries) is, in this case, cancelled out. However, the revenues increase by 72% and 63% in cases 1 and 2 respectively. Therefore the economic approach, compared with purely biological analyses, is more convincing. In general, as fisheries always interact, a single-fishery management approach should not be the rule as it is at present; management strategies should consider interactions between different fisheries and be based on their economic performances and not, as said earlier, on purely biological considerations. This is because a biological approach to fisheries management will, at best, be modified by economic factors, or, at worst, be ignored totally in favour of economic policies.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Biological interaction ; Sciaenidae ; Fisheries development ; Fishery management ; Yield/recruit ; Commercial fisheries ; Artisanal fishing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La pêche au Sénégal joue un rôle économique et social très important par une contribution globale de près de 11% du PIB primaire et 2,3% du PIB total. Elle occupe de façon directe et indirecte environ 600 000 personnes, soit près de 17% de la population active selon la DP M. Cependant ces dernières décennies, les études ont montré que le secteur traverse une crise aiguë se traduisant par une raréfaction croissante des ressources, notamment les espèces nobles qui ont une forte valeur commerciale. Cette crise est due entre autres à une surexploitation de ces ressources qui est le résultat d’un manque de maîtrise de l’effort de pêche surtout pour les pêcheries artisanales (80% des débarquements et plus de 60% des approvisionnements des industries de la place) au regard du volume de ressources disponibles. Ce manque de maîtrise est dû essentiellement par un défaut du suivi contrôle et surveillance au niveau de la pêche artisanale par l’Etat, qui n’a pas les moyens humains et matériels pour appliquer des mesures de gestion, qui pour la plupart ne sont pas adaptées aux réalités des acteurs à la base. L’objet de cette étude est d’analyser une nouvelle approche axée sur la surveillance participative basée sur l’émergence d’initiatives locales de cogestion au niveau des quatre (04) sites du programme GIRMaC que sont ; Ouakam, Ngaparou, Foundiougne et Bétenty. Il ressort de cette étude que : • Le secteur de la pêche traverse une crise aiguë due principalement selon les acteurs à un défaut de suivi, contrôle et surveillance tel que appliqué actuellement ; • L’approche de cogestion avec des bases juridiques cohérentes, comme le propose le programme GIRMaC peut être un moyen viable pour solutionner à la crise que traverse la pêche ; • D’une part le système Suivi Contrôle et Surveillance coûte cher, d’autre part que ces coûts sont fortement amoindris lorsque les acteurs participent à l’effort de surveillance, par une démarche de surveillance participative en cogestion.
    Description: Président : Omar Thiom THIAW, Professeur UCAD Membres : • Niokhor DIOUF, Chercheur IUPA. • Luis Tito Morais, Chercheur IRD Dakar. • Djiby THIAM, Chercheur GIRMac
    Description: Published
    Description: surveillance; contrôle; cogestion; effort de pêche; pêcherie; surexploitation; biodiversité; pêche artisanale
    Keywords: Ocean surveillance ; Ecosystem management ; Fishing effort ; Overexploitation ; Biodiversity ; Artisanal fishing ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Master thesis
    Format: 87
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Published
    Description: espéces pélagiques
    Description: sardine
    Description: pêche industrielle
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Pelagic fisheries ; Industrial fish ; Fish products ; Fishing industry ; Fishing fleet
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: conservation
    Description: chaine froide
    Description: poisson
    Keywords: Food conservation ; Fisheries ; Fish conversion ; Conservation (fishery products) ; Glass ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Published
    Description: Pêche
    Description: Senneur
    Keywords: Seining ; Fisheries ; Fisheries ; Seiners
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: ACDI;CRDI; République Française, Ministère des Affaires Etrangéres; CDE; Enda Graf Sahel;
    Description: Conseil Info MPEA, Projer d'Accés à l'information et au Conseil pour les microet petites entreprises agroalimentaires; Projet d'Appui aux Opérateurs/trices de l'Agroalimentaires (PAOA); Cintech Agroalimentaire; Groupe de Recherche et d'Echanges Technologiques (GRET); Enda GRaf Sahel; SNC-LAVALIN International
    Description: Published
    Description: transformation; transformation artisanale; échantillonage; collecte de données; commercialisation
    Keywords: Processing fishery products ; Biological sampling ; Data collections ; Marketing and distribution ; Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Master thesis
    Format: 41
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Français - Les traits essentiels de la côte sénégalaise, repères historiques de la pêche, communautés de pêcheurs, caractéristiques des flottes et modes d’accès à la ressource et d’interaction sont analysés. Les caractéristiques, tendances décroissantes de l’abondance,niveaux d’exploitation, mesures d’aménagement, relations interspécifiques, changements potentiels et sources de variation des stocks démersaux côtiers sont précisés. Les notions de tactiques et stratégies de pêche sont passées en revue, conceptualisées puis étudiées.Le modèle «Dynamique Conjointe Exploitation Ressource» utilisé repose sur la définition de 4 typologies. L’utilisation de méthodes de classification et de connaissances d’experts conduit à considérer 32 stocks, 31 strates, 82 tactiques et 25 flottilles artisanales et chalutières. Les typologies sont articulées avec la prise en compte de paramètres relatifs à l’économie, aux stocks, flottilles et règles de décisions. L’ajustement est satisfaisant en partie. Toutefois, le modèle garde son importance en matière de prospective et d’objectifs à atteindre via la définition de variables de contrôle. Notre travail peut être considéré comme une esquisse invitant à un groupe de travail élargi aux experts des institutions halieutiques nationales voire, sous-régionales. Des propositions sont faites sur les bases de données, les licences de pêche et l’étude des tactiques et stratégies à mener suivant des pas de temps raisonnables pour tenir compte du grand dynamisme des pêcheries. Dès lors qu'il s’agit de caractériser l'impact de la pêche sur l'écosystème, ces travaux sont des éléments essentiels des recherches à faire sur la dynamique des écosystèmes exploités. English - The essential features of the Senegalese coast, fisheries history, fishermen's communities, artisanal and trawling fleet’s characteristics and their way of accessing to the resource and interactions are described. The characteristics, evolutionary tendencies of abundance, level of exploitation, measures of fisheries management, interspecific relationship, potential evolutionary changes and sources of variation of coastal demersal stocks are specified. Tactics and strategies are reviewed, conceptualized and studied. We used the model "Dynamique Conjointe Exploitation Ressource" which lies on 32 stocks, 31 strata, 82 tactics, 25 fleets and several other parameters dealing with stocks, fleets, economy and making decision rules. The adjustment is partially satisfactory but the model is of great interest for prospective studies and objectives to reach once defined variables of control. Our work is an outline calling for an enlarged working group implying national or sub regional fisheries institutional experts. Tactics and strategies studies, re-actualized in artisanal fisheries, are performed for the first time in industrial fisheries. The typological approach is simple, pertinent, efficacy and fast. Propositions are made relatively to databases, fishing licenses and tactics and strategies studies that should be implemented according to a reasonable time steps in order to take into account the big dynamism of the Senegalese fisheries. As it is intended to characterize fisheries impact on ecosystem, these works are one of essential research elements on the dynamic of exploited ecosystems.
    Description: Published
    Description: pêcherie; démersale côtière; modélisation; stocks; écosystème; communauté de pêcheurs; eaux continentales; eaux marines; saison hydrologique; pêcheur; flottille; crevettier; capture; aménagement des pêcheries; pêche chalutière; pêche artisanale; licence de pêche; permis de pêche
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Demersal fisheries ; Modelling ; Stocks ; Ecosystems ; Community fishing ; Inland waters ; Marine water ; Hydrologic cycle ; Fishermen ; Fishing fleet ; Shrimp fisheries ; Capture fisheries ; Fisheries management ; Trawling ; Artisanal fishing ; Fishing licenses
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Theses and Dissertations , Bachelor thesis
    Format: 234
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Published
    Description: conservation
    Description: produits
    Description: pêche
    Keywords: Conservation ; Fisheries ; Fish products
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © Ecological Society of America, 2013. This article is posted here by permission of Ecological Society of America for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Ecological Applications 23 (2013): 959–971, doi:10.1890/12-0447.1.
    Description: The biological benefits of marine reserves have garnered favor in the conservation community, but “no-take” reserve implementation is complicated by the economic interests of fishery stakeholders. There are now a number of studies examining the conditions under which marine reserves can provide both economic and ecological benefits. A potentially important reality of fishing that these studies overlook is that fishing can damage the habitat of the target stock. Here, we construct an equilibrium bioeconomic model that incorporates this habitat damage and show that the designation of marine reserves, coupled with the implementation of a tax on fishing effort, becomes both biologically and economically favorable as habitat sensitivity increases. We also study the effects of varied degrees of spatial control on fisheries management. Together, our results provide further evidence for the potential monetary and biological value of spatial management, and the possibility of a mutually beneficial resolution to the fisherman–conservationist marine reserve designation dilemma.
    Description: M. G. Neubert acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation (DMS-0532378, OCE-1031256) and a Thomas B. Wheeler Award for Ocean Science and Society. H. V. Moeller acknowledges support from a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. This research is based in part on work supported by Award No. USA 00002 made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).
    Keywords: Bioeconomics ; Destructive fishing practices ; Fisheries ; Habitat damage ; Marine protected areas ; Marine reserves ; Optimal control ; Optimal harvesting ; Spatial management
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 63
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    Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino | Madrid (Espagne)
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Description du secteur de la pêche Avec la Mauritanie, le Sénégal est de loin le plus grand producteur de produits de pêche de la sous région. Avec 718 km de cote et un territoire maritime de 198km2, 15 745 km2 de superficie fluviale, 2 estuaires, des mangroves et un lac de 350km2, le Sénégal possède tous les atouts des plus grands producteurs de pêche. Le potentiel annuel de captures s’élève à 500 000 tonnes. Le secteur a subi une croissance spectaculaire ces trente dernières années : les débarquements sont passés 50 000 tonnes en 1965 à plus de 450 000 en 1997. Le secteur se compose principalement de deux sous-secteurs : la pêche industrielle et la pêche traditionnelle ou artisanale. Cette dernière, vielle de plusieurs siècles a su s’adapter et se moderniser au cours des dernières décennies. La flotte de pêche artisanale est dynamique et diversifiée ; selon les estimations, en 2005 il y avait plus de 13 000 pirogues. La pêche artisanale se concentre dans sept régions maritimes et fluviales du pays: Dakar, Thiès, Saint Louis, Fatick, Zinguinchor, Louga et Kaolack. Le port de Kayar dans la région de Thiès correspond à la principale zone de débarquement de la pêche artisanale avec environ 70% des débarquements. Dans le secteur industriel, les pêcheurs travaillent à bord d’une flottille de petits sardiniers, de 143 chalutiers destinés à la pêche d’espèces demersales, de 3 sardiniers et de 42 thoniers. Alors que le Sénégal domine largement le sous-secteur demersale avec 70% des chalutiers opérants, le pays ne possède que 6 thoniers contre 38 étrangers, dont une partie seulement des captures est débarquée au Sénégal. La pêche industrielle est concentrée autour de la capitale dans le Port autonome de Dakar et des ports secondaires de Saint Louis, Kaolack et Ziguinchor. Aujourd’hui, le secteur de la pêche sénégalaise est largement dominé par la pêche artisanale, qui constituait 90% des cargaisons totales des produits de la mer en 2006 avec 350 000 tonnes. Plus de 60% des produits de la pêche artisanale sont destinés à l’exportation et la transformation. En 2006, le secteur dans son ensemble représentait 9% du PIB du secteur primaire, 1.5% du PIB total, et 1/3 des devises étrangères (250 millions de dollars par an). Plus importante que le poids économique du secteur, est son poids social : la pêche génère indirectement 600 000 emplois, dont 67% au sein du secteur artisanal. En outre, les produits de la pêche comblent les besoins en protéines animales de la population sénégalaise à hauteur de 75%1. La pêche a connu une expansion spectaculaire au cours des dernières décennies grâce à l’impulsion de politiques publiques de développement basées sur une logique sectorielle productiviste. Une flotte nationale artisanale et industrielle a été progressivement mise en place ainsi que de fortes capacités de transformation industrielle. Cet engagement de l’Etat a ensuite connu un net ralentissement du fait, entre autre, des politiques d’ajustement structurel. Le renchérissement des coûts de production subséquents à la dévaluation du franc CFA en 1994 a lourdement affecté les pêcheurs. Parallèlement, avec la forte demande en produits halieutiques et en l’absence de politiques adéquates et cohérentes de gestion durable des ressources exploitables, une situation de surexploitation des ressources halieutiques s’est installée. En conséquence de la raréfaction des ressources halieutiques, la pêche sénégalaise traverse une crise sans précédent, dont les effets commencent à se faire sentir à tous les niveaux : appauvrissement des communautés de pêcheurs, menace de l’approvisionnement en poisson des populations, baisse des captures à haute valeur ajoutée, baisse des exportations, baisse de la rentabilité et des revenus des unités de pêche. Par ailleurs, de plus en plus d’établissements de transformation industrielle ferment (23 entreprises entre 1999 et 2006).
    Description: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Y Medio Rural y Marino
    Description: Pablo Manuel Xandri Royo CTP Proyecto (INT/07/16M/SPA) Este trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del Convenio de Colaboración entre el actual Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino de España y la Organización Internacional del Trabajo de 28 de diciembre de 2007
    Description: Published
    Description: environnement; socio-économie; pêche; capture; débarquement; engin de pêche; femme; pêcheur; convention internationale; réglementation
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Marine environment ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Capture fisheries ; Landing statistics ; Fishing gear ; Women ; Fishermen ; Conventions ; Fishery regulations
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Non-Refereed
    Format: 208
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Programme KURUKAN FUGAN (Union Européenne/Gouvernement du Sénégal/EndaGraf/GRET)
    Description: Published
    Description: politique de pêche; environnement marin; socio-économie; co-gestion; aquaculture; pêche artisanale; pêche industrielle; pêcherie; ONG; AMP; ressource halieutique; organisations professionnelles
    Keywords: Marine environment ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Fishery management ; Aquaculture ; Artisanal fishing ; Fisheries ; Industrial fish ; Fishery resources ; Fishing policy ; Protected areas ; Professionals
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book , Non-Refereed , Article
    Format: 26
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2021-09-18
    Description: En la época colonial algunas especies de peces cubanos retienen sus nombres por los cuales eran conocidos por los aborígenes: biajaca, biajaiba, cojinúa, jiguagua, cibí. Aún hoy se designan de igual forma. En esta época aparece la primera obra científica impresa en Cuba, los primeros pueblos pescadores y los primeros científicos.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2021-09-18
    Description: Published
    Description: especies nativas
    Description: pesca
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Indigenous species ; Indigenous fishing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2021-09-18
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fisheries
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2021-09-18
    Description: Recuento en forma breve de las pesquerías de estas especies durante varios siglos, en los cuales los sabios Parra y Felipe Poey ofrecen descripciones. Precios, lugares de captura y pescadores son los protagonistas.
    Description: Published
    Description: Emperador-Xiphias gladius
    Description: pez espada
    Description: castero-Makaira nigricans
    Description: aguja blanca-Tetrapturus albidus
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Fishes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2021-09-18
    Description: Causas del descenso en las pesquerías de estas especies a partir de 1975. Se describen las técnicas y artes de pesca empleadas y se abunda en la complejidad de las capturas y las características de los palangres empleados para cada especie. Una comparación es establecida además con países del área. De forma muy didáctica e instructiva.
    Description: Published
    Description: castero-Makaira nigricans
    Description: Emperador-Xiphias gladius
    Description: aguja blanca-Tetrapturus albidus
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Fishes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non-Refereed , Article
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  • 70
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    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-12695, 2013
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 71
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    In:  12th IAGA Scientific Assembly (Merida, Mexico 2013)
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: We present a new interface between the geochemical simulator PHREEQC and the open source language R. It represents a tool to flexibly and efficiently program and automate every aspect of geochemical modelling. The interface helps particularly to setup and run large numbers of simulations and visualise the results. Also profiting of numberless high-quality R extension packages, performing sensitivity analysis or Monte Carlo simulations becomes straightforward. Further, an algorithm to speedup reactive transport simulations starting from homogeneous or zone- homogeneous state is programmed and successfully evaluated through the interface. It proved effective and could therefore be included in any reactive transport simulator.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: We studied 40 artesian wells (AWs) in the Amu Darya Delta. These wells include high-salinity (∼ 52 g/l) and saline (5 – 24 g/l) waters but are mostly low-salinity waters (1.3 – 2.9 g/l). The low-salinity AWs cluster into three types, reflecting the variable mixing of different end-member solutes: (residual) brines and solutes deriving from silicate alteration, dissolution of limestone and dissolution of gypsum. The solutes are all undersaturated in calcite and gypsum, contain a substantial cation excess against dissolved inorganic carbon and are characterised by low Ca/SO4 ratios. On the basis of the hydrochemical mass budgets of model cases, we demonstrate that Na-rich Cl-brines (45-48%) and a Na2SO4-brine (30-47%) are the dominant solute components. The solutes derived from aluminium silicate alteration are minor components (7.3 – 19.4%). Even less important are solutes from limestone or gypsum dissolution (0.05 – 3.7%). These waters are unlikely to have originated from sediments hosting gypsum. The low-salinity AWs must have acquired their dominant hydrochemical signatures under non-equilibrium conditions between their remote (unknown) seepage areas and their discharge locations. This acquisition may have begun during the early hydrochemical groundwater evolution when meteoric or surface water passed the critical zone under an arid climate regime. Warmer saline AWs (∼40°C) hosted in deeper Cretaceous formations contain a high portion of NaCl-rich brine (85%) and some are saturated in gypsum. These waters were derived from fluids rising along faults from pre-Cretaceous strata. The high-salinity and relatively cold AWs discharge close to the retreating Aral Sea south of its western basin. These AWs are suboxic, and Si concentrations are very low. The AW hydrochemical signatures reflect the dissolution of halite and gypsum. We observed positive correlations between temperature, Br, B and Si. The temperature correlation with bromide likely documents the transformation of organically bound Br. The silica concentrations in low-salinity AWs southeast of the Aral Sea (eastern basin) are close to quartz saturation and define a chemical Si-geothermometer.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: We applied scaled physical analogue experiments to investigate the early development of salt diapirs induced by differential sedimentary loading in an intra-continental basin realm (e.g. the North German Basin). During the experiments, deformation in a salt-analogue viscous layer was initiated by variations in the thickness of an overlying brittle material and subsequent accumulation of the brittle material further sustained deformation. A 2D optical image correlation system was used to monitor the strain evolution in the salt analogue material. Our models indicate that the formation of salt pillow structures can be achieved by minimum variations in the overburden loading. The increase of differential loading by adding synkinematic layers in the subsided areas causes not only an active piercing of the viscous layer through the brittle overburden but also an additional uplift in the adjacent areas. These elevations, named “secondary structures”, act as origins for a successive generation of diapirs. Consequently, an initial perturbation of the salt–sediment-interface can lead to a lateral propagation temporally shifted diapirs. The linkage between primary and secondary structures is reflected in the synkinematic overburden layers such as overlapping peripheral sinks in the transition zone between two diapirs. These sinks, in turn, are a frequently observable phenomenon around salt structures of the North German basin indicating that “secondary diapirism” is an underestimated process – besides regional tectonic stresses – influencing the evolution of salt structures.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 78
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    In:  Mineralogical Magazine - Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 80
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    In:  Lecture Notes from the Summer School of DFG SPP1257 Global Water Cycle | Schriftenreihe Institut für Geodäsie und Geoinformation ; 30
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: On 2012 May 20 and 29, two damaging earthquakes with magnitudes Mw 6.1 and 5.9, respectively, struck the Emilia-Romagna region in the sedimentary Po Plain, Northern Italy, causing 26 fatalities, significant damage to historical buildings and substantial impact to the economy of the region. The earthquake sequence included four more aftershocks with Mw ≥ 5.0, all at shallow depths (about 7–9 km), with similar WNW–ESE striking reverse mechanism. The timeline of the sequence suggests significant static stress interaction between the largest events. We perform here a detailed source inversion, first adopting a point source approximation and considering pure double couple and full moment tensor source models. We compare different extended source inversion approaches for the two largest events, and find that the rupture occurred in both cases along a subhorizontal plane, dipping towards SSW. Directivity is well detected for the May 20 main shock, indicating that the rupture propagated unilaterally towards SE. Based on the focal mechanism solution, we further estimate the co-seismic static stress change induced by the May 20 event. By using the rate-and-state model and a Poissonian earthquake occurrence, we infer that the second largest event of May 29 was induced with a probability in the range 0.2–0.4. This suggests that the segment of fault was already prone to rupture. Finally, we estimate peak ground accelerations for the two main events as occurred separately or simultaneously. For the scenario involving hypothetical rupture areas of both main events, we estimate Mw = 6.3 and an increase of ground acceleration by 50 per cent. The approach we propose may help to quantify rapidly which regions are invested by a significant increase of the hazard, bearing the potential for large aftershocks or even a second main shock.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Language: English
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 83
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    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU2013-3192, 2013
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: We present regional-scale mass balances for 25 drainage basins of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) from satellite observations of the Gravity and Climate Experiment (GRACE) for the years 2002–2011. Satellite gravimetry estimates of the AIS mass balance are strongly influenced by mass movement in the Earth interior caused by ice advance and retreat during the last glacial cycle. Here, we develop an improved glacial-isostatic adjustment (GIA) estimate for Antarctica using newly available GPS uplift rates, allowing us to more accurately separate GIA-induced trends in the GRACE gravity fields from those caused by current imbalances of the AIS. Our revised GIA estimate is considerably lower than previous predictions, yielding an (upper) estimate of apparent mass change of 48 ± 18 Gt yr−1. Therefore, our AIS mass balance of −103 ± 23 Gt yr−1 is considerably less negative than previous GRACE estimates. The Northern Antarctic Peninsula and the Amundsen Sea Sector exhibit the largest mass loss (−25 ± 6 Gt yr−1 and −126 ± 11 Gt yr−1, respectively). In contrast, East Antarctica exhibits a slightly positive mass balance (19 ± 16 Gt yr−1), which is, however, mostly the consequence of compensating mass anomalies in Dronning Maud and Enderby Land (positive) and Wilkes and George V Land (negative) due to interannual accumulation variations. In total, 7% of the area constitute more than half of the AIS imbalance (53%), contributing −151 ± 9 Gt yr−1 to global mean sea-level change. Most of this imbalance is caused by long-term ice-dynamic speed up expected to prevail in the future.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 85
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    In:  Joint Annual Meeting Deutsche Mineralogische Gesellschaft & Geologische Vereinigung e.V. / Sediment (Tübingen, Germany 2013)
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 87
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    In:  5th TerraSAR-X / 4th TanDEM-X Science Team Meeting (Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany 2013)
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 89
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    In:  38th Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering (Stanford, USA 2013)
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: 3000 m of ice sheet thickness has ensured that central Greenland has kept it geothermal heat flow (GHF) distribution enigmatic. Some few direct ice temperature measurements from deep ice cores reveal a GHF of 50 to 60 mW/m2 in the Summit region and this is noticeably above what would be expected for the underlying Early Proterozoic lithosphere. In addition, indirect estimates from zones of rapid basal melting suggest extreme anomalies 15 to 30 times continental background. Subglacial topography indicates caldera like topographic features in the zones hinting at possible volcanic activity in the past [1], and all of these observations combined hint at an anomalous lithospheric structure. Further supporting this comes from new high-resolution P-wave tomography, which shows a strong thermal anomaly in the lithosphere crossing Greenland from east to west [2]. Rock outcrops at the eastern and western end of this zone indicate significant former magmatic activity, older in the east and younger in the west. Additionally, plate modelling studies suggest that the Greenland plate passed over the mantle plume that is currently under Iceland from late Cretaceous to Neogene times, consistent with the evidence from age of magmatism. Evidence of rapid basal melt revealed by ice penetrating radar along the hypocentre of the putative plume track indicates that it continues to affect the Greenland continental geotherm today. We analyse plume-induced thermal disturbance of the present-day lithosphere and their effects on the central Greenland ice sheet by using a novel evolutionary model of the climate-ice-lithosphere-upper mantle system. Our results indicate that mantle plume-induced erosion of the lithosphere has occurred, explaining caldera-type volcanic structures, the GHF anomaly, and requiring dyke intrusion into the crust during the early Cenozoic. The residual thermo-mechanical effect of the mantle plume has raised deep-sourced heat flow by over 25 mW/m2 since 60 Ma and explains the high basal melting rates of the Greenland ice sheet observed in the study area. [1] Fahnestock, M., Abdalati, W., Joughin, I., Brozena, J., Gogineni, P., 2001. High geothermal heat flow, Basal melt, and the origin of rapid ice flow in central Greenland. Science (New York, N.Y.). 294, 2338–2342. [2] Jakovlev, A.V., Bushenkova, N.A., Koulakov, I.Y., Dobretsov, N.L., 2012. Structure of the upper mantle in the Circum-Arctic region from regional seismic tomography. Russian Geology and Geophysics. 53, 963–971.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: We present in a statistical study a comparison of thermospheric mass density enhancements (ρrel) with electron temperature (Te), small-scale field-aligned currents (SSFACs), and vertical ion velocity (Vz) at high latitudes around noon magnetic local time (MLT). Satellite data from CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) and DMSP (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program) sampling the Northern Hemisphere during the years 2002–2005 are used. In a first step we investigate the distribution of the measured quantities in a magnetic latitude (MLat) versus MLT frame. All considered variables exhibit prominent peak amplitudes in the cusp region. A superposed epoch analysis was performed to examine causal relationship between the quantities. The occurrence of a thermospheric relative mass density anomaly, ρrel 〉1.2, in the cusp region is defining an event. The location of the density peak is taken as a reference latitude (Δ MLat = 0°). Interestingly, all the considered quantities, SSFACs, Te, and Vz are co-located with the density anomaly. The amplitudes of the peaks exhibit different characters of seasonal variation. The average relative density enhancement of the more prominent density peaks considered in this study amounts to 1.33 during all seasons. As expected, SSFACs are largest in summer with average amplitudes equal to 2.56 μA m−2, decaying to 2.00 μA m−2 in winter. The event related enhancements of Te and Vz are both largest in winter (Δ Te =730 K, Vz =136 m s−1) and smallest in summer (Δ Te = 377 K, Vz = 57 m s−1. Based on the similarity of the seasonal behaviour we suggest a close relationship between these two quantities. A correlation analysis supports a linear relation with a high coefficient greater than or equal to 0.93, irrespective of season. Our preferred explanation is that dayside reconnection fuels Joule heating of the thermosphere causing air upwelling and at the same time heating of the electron gas that pulls up ions along affected flux tubes.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 92
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    In:  Sedimentary Basins Jena - Research, Modelling, Exploration (Jena, Germany 2013)
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 93
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    In:  Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 15, EGU2013-12938, 2013
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 94
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    In:  CLEAN. CO2 Large-Scale Enhanced Gas Recovery in the Altmark Natural Gas Field | Geotechnologien science report ; 19 ; Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 96
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    In:  Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment | Ecosystem Development ; 4
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: We document Quaternary fluvial incision driven by fault-controlled surface deformation in the inverted intermontane Gökırmak Basin in the Central Pontide mountains along the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau. In-situ-produced 10Be, 21Ne, and 36Cl concentrations from gravel-covered fluvial terraces and pediment surfaces along the trunk stream of the basin (the Gökırmak River) yield model exposure ages ranging from 7 ± 1 ka to 346 ± 45 ka and average fluvial incision rates over the past ~350 ka of 0.28 ± 0.01 mm a-1. Similarities between river incision rates and coastal uplift rates at the Black Sea coast suggest that regional uplift is responsible for the river incision. Model exposure ages of deformed pediment surfaces along tributaries of the trunk stream range from 60 ± 5 ka to 110 ± 10 ka, demonstrating that the thrust faults responsible for pediment deformation were active after those times and were likely active earlier as well as explaining the topographic relief of the region. Together, our data demonstrate cumulative incision that is linked to active internal shortening and uplift of ~0.3 mm a-1 in the Central Pontide orogenic wedge, which may ultimately contribute to the lateral growth of the northern Anatolian Plateau.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Plinian and Ignimbrite deposits represent explosive activity (ca. 17-19 cal ka) within the predominantly effusive and mildly explosive (Strombolian) volcanic history of Mount Etna (Italy). Proximal glasses from the Biancavilla Ignimbrites and Unit D Plinian fall deposits are characterised. Fall deposits recorded at Acireale (D1b and D2b) and Giarre (D1a and D2a) are geochemically distinct confirming they relate to different eruptions. The Acireale Plinian fall (D1b and D2b) deposits compositionally overlap with the Biancavilla Ignimbrite deposits. These explosive eruptions from Etna are considered responsible for widespread ash dispersals throughout the central Mediterranean region, producing the marker tephra layers (Y-1/Et-1) recorded in marine and lacustrine sedimentary archives. Stratigraphically these distal tephras occur at or close to the onset of the last deglaciation (Termination 1) within their respective palaeoenvironmental records, therefore making them potentially crucial tephrostratigraphic markers. This study investigates distal tephra deposits thought to be from Etna recorded in the Ionian Sea (Y-1), Lago Grande di Monticchio (LGdM, Italy; tephras TM-11 and TM-12-1), Lago di Mezzano (Italy) and the Haua Fteah cave (Libya). The glass chemistry of Y-1 tephras recorded in the Ionian Sea and at Haua Fteah are consistent with the Biancavilla Ignimbrites (16,965-17,670 cal yrs BP) and the upper Acireale Plinian fall (D2b). The LGdM record indicates that explosive activity on Etna associated with Unit D spans a minimum of 1540 ± 80 varve years. TM-12-1 (19,200-19,804 cal yrs BP) in LGdM appears to represent the oldest distal counterpart of Etna Unit D explosive activity and is associated with the lower Acireale (D1b) Plinian eruption. The proximally undefined TM-11 (17,640-18,324 cal yrs BP) and distal correlatives are geochemically distinct from the Ionian Sea Y-1 tephra. Such significant compositional differences seen between distal tephra layers are not observed within individual proximal units and are likely to indicate that the distal tephras relate to separate eruptive phases. Until proximal relationships can be established, the TM-11 type Y-1 equivalents should be termed TM-11. Great care should be exercised when using these distal ash layers to synchronise sedimentary records during a crucial period of environmental change.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
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