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  • Organic Chemistry  (646)
  • Physics  (555)
  • COMMUNICATIONS  (315)
  • 1970-1974  (1,516)
  • 1972  (1,516)
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  • 1970-1974  (1,516)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Relativen Reaktivität der Epoxid- und Halogengruppe in Epihalogenhydrinen bei der basenkatalysierten Reaktion mit Hydroxyverbindungen (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 71-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die basenkatalysierte Reaktion von Epihalogenhydrinen mit Hydroxyverbindungen kann theoretisch primär unter Aufspaltung des Epoxidringes (Weg I), Substitution des Halogens (Weg II) oder gleichzeitig nach I und II ablaufen. Versuche mit [3-14C] markierten Epihalogenhydrinen und verschiedenen Hydroxyverbindungen zeigen, daß der Reaktionsverlauf uneinheitlich ist und stark von den Reaktionsbedingungen abhängt; wäßriges alkalisches Medium begünstigt Weg I, wasserfreies Weg II. Der Temperatureinfluß ist im Bereich von 25° bis 75° gering.Phenol z. B. reagiert in wäßriger Natronlauge bei 25° sowohl mit Epichlor- als auch Epibromhydrin fast quantitativ gemäß I. Bei 75° tritt Substitution bei Epichlorhydrin zu 5%, bei Epibromhydrin zu 10% ein; in wasserfreiem Medium steigt der Substitutionsanteil bei Epichlorhydrin auf 11%, bei Epibromhydrin auf 69%.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140110
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dehydrierung von Ketonen mit Palladium(II)-VerbindungenHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. Alfred Rieche in Verehrung und Dankbarkeit zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 170-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclohexanon reagiert mit Palladium(II)-Verbindungen in einer stöchiometrischen Reaktion unter Dehydrierung zum Cyclohexen-(2)-on. Diese Dehydrierungsreaktion ist allgemein auf Ketone anwendbar. Der Mechanismus der Reaktion wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140121
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Alkylierung 1-substituierter Pyrazolidone-(3) (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 220-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-Alkyl- und 1-aralkylsubstituierte Pyrazolidone-(3) liefern mit Alkylhalogeniden und -tosylaten cyclische Hydraziniumsalze 3, die mit Basen in resonanzstabilisierte N⊕, N⊖ - Betaine 5 überführbar sind. Die Strukturen 3 und 5 werden durch kritische Diskussion von IR- und 1H—NMR-Spektren sowie chemisch eindeutig festgelegt.1-Methyl-1-benzyl-pyrazolidon-(3)-N,N,-betain 5h wird thermisch in 1-Methyl-2-benzyl-pyrazolidon-(3) 7h umgelagert („WAWZONEK-Umlagerung“). Die thermische Spaltung von 1-Methyl-1-(1-methyl-phenäthyl)-pyrazolidon-(3)-N,N-betain 5l ergibt 86% trans- und 14% cis-β-Methyl-styrol („azaanaloge Ylid-Eliminierung“).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140204
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kationische Farbstoffe und Vorstufen. IX.VIII. Mitt.: H. HARTMANN u. F. MOHN, J. prakt. Chem. 313, 737 (1971). Darstellung von Cyaninen der 1,2- und 1,3-Dithiol-Reihe (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 240-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ausgehend von methyl- bzw. benzylsubstituierten 1,2- und 1,3-Dithiolium-Salzen wurden Versuche zur Herstellung von Trimethin- und Styryl-Cyaninen unternommen. Von diesen ließen sich vor allem die Styryl-Cyanine leicht synthetisieren.Aus einigen experimentellen Besonderheiten ergaben sich Folgerungen für den möglichen Reaktionsverlauf der Cyaninbildung.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140206
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions with 2,4-Dimethyl-butadiene-(1,3)-sultone-(1,4) (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 367-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140219
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kristallstruktur von Demissidin-hydrojodid (C27H45NO·HJ· 0,5 C2H5OH) (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 371-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140220
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetische Untersuchungen über die Methoxymercurierung offenkettiger aliphatischer Olefine (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 285-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nach der Methode der Konkurrenzreaktion wurden für 28 offenkettige aliphatische Olefine die relativen Geschwindigkeiten der Umsetzung mit Quecksilberacetat in Methanol bestimmt. Die kinetischen Daten lassen sich mit der TAFT-Gleichung korrelieren. Der Wert σ* = -1,00 ist für eine elektrophile Olefin-Addition ungewöhnlich wenig negativ; da gleichzeitig δ = 0,91 ist, ergibt sich die Sonderstellung der Methoxymercurierung auf Grund des gegenüber anderen Olefin-Additionen viel höheren Beitrags sterischer Effekte zur Reaktivität. Die Auswertung der Methoxymercurierungsgeschwindigkeiten mit Hilfe einer fünfparametrigen TAFT-Gleichung liefert Argumente dafür, daß der Übergangszustand einem unsymmetrisch verbrückten Mercuroniumion ähnlich ist. Auch bei anderen elektrophilen Olefin-Additionen kann der fünfparametrige Ansatz verwendet werden, um Feinheiten des Reaktionsmechanismus zu erkennen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140211
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese N-substituierter Aminosaccharosederivate (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 365-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140218
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kernresonanzuntersuchungen an AzaindolizinenAbweichend von den IUPAC-Regeln 1957 wird in diesem Beitrag des logischen Zusammenhangs wegen die „Aza“-Nomenklatur mit Indolizin als Stammheterocyclus verwendet. Die korrekten Namen der untersuchten Heterocyclen sind in den Tab. 2, 4 und 5 in Klammern aufgeführt. (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 515-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zwischen der chemischen Verschiebung bestimmter Protonen in unsubstituierten Azaindolizinen und den quantenchemisch berechneten π-Elektronendichten am benachbarten C-Atom wird ein linearer Zusammenhang gefunden. Diese lineare Abhängigkeit gilt auch für substituierte 1,3,4-Triazaindolizine. Die von den Substituenten hervorgerufenen Veränderungen der chemischen Verschiebung der Ringprotonen korrelieren weiterhin gut mit den HAMMETTschen σp-Substituentenkonstanten.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140317
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Reaktion von 2-Chlorvinylcarbonylverbindungen mit Thioglycolsäureester (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 499-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Chlorvinylcarbonylverbindungen reagieren mit Thioglycolsäureäthylester unter Substitution des Chloratoms. Die dabei aus 2-Chlorvinylaldehyden resultierenden 2-(Äthoxycarbonylmethylmercapto)-vinylaldehyde cyclisieren unter den Reaktionsbedingungen sofort zu substituierten Thiophen-2-carbonsäureäthylestern. Demgegenüber können aus 2-Chlorvinylketonen 2-(Äthoxycarbonylmethylmercapto)-vinylketone erhalten werden. Diese Substitution verläuft nicht stereospezifisch. Die Produkte lassen sich ebenfalls zu Thiophen-2-carbonsäureestern cyclisieren.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140315
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über α-substituierte Phosphonate. XIV. Phosphorylderivate aus 2,2-Bis-[hydroxymethyl]-norbornen-(5) (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 532-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2,2-Bis-[hydroxymethyl]-norbornen-(5) 5 läßt sich in bekannter Weise in Cyclische Derivate der phosphorigen Säure, wie z. B, das Diesterchlorid 6, den Triester 8a oder den Diester9 überführen; 6, 8a bzw. 9 wurden in verschiedener Weise weiter umgesetzt. Zum Unterschied von anderen cyclischen Phosphorigsäureestern reagiert 8a unter den Bedingungen der ARBUSOV- bzw. PERKOV-Reaktion mit verschiedenen C-Halogenverbindungen ausschließlich ohne Ringöffnung zu cyclischen Phosphonsäurederivaten, vermutlich wegen der Hinderung desnucleophilen Angriffs auf die Neopentyl-analogen CH2-Gruppen des Dioxaphosphanrings.  -  Die dargestellten Dioxan- bzw. Dioxaphosphanderivate liegen nach Ausweis der NMR-Spektren als Stereoisomerengemische vor.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140319
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aromatische Stickstofflostverbindungen, abgeleitet von β Aminoketonen, γ-Aminoalkoholen und γ-Aminopropenen, als potentielle Cancerostatica (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 577-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Aminomethylierung von o-[(2-Chloräthyl)-amino]-acetophenon 10, m- und p-[Bis-(2-chloräthyl)-amino]-acetophenon 9 und 8 mit Formaldehyd und sekundären Aminen werden MANNICH-Basen gewonnen. Die Reduktion der β-Aminoketone mit Lithiumalanat oder Natriumboranat führt bei p-Derivaten zu N,N-disubstituierten trans-3-Amino-1-{p[bis-(2-chloräthyl)-amino]-phenyl}-propen-(1), bei m-Derivaten zu N,N-disubstituierten 3-Amino-1-{m-[bis-(2-chloräthyl)-amino]-phenyl}-propanolen-(1). Über die cancerostatische Wirkung auf Transplantationstumoren wird kurz berichtet.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140323
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die relativen Geschwindigkeiten für den sauer katalysierten Wasserstoffisotopenaustausch von substituierten Benzolen, Thiophen, Furan, Selenophen und Pyrrol (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 603-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Geschwindigkeiten der Protodedeuterierung wurden in einer Methanol (61 Gew.-%)-Wasser (49 Gew.-%)-Mischung in Gegenwart von Schwefelsäure als Katalysator untersucht. Die Konzentrationsänderung wurde IR-spektroskopisch bestimmt.Alle Reaktionen verliefen nach pseudo-1. Ordnung.Für die einzelnen Verbindungen konnten folgende σ+-Werte bestimmt werden:Thiophen (σ2+ = -0,83; σ3+ = -0,45), Furan (σ2+ = -0,86; σ3+ 〉 -0,75), Selenophen(σ2+ = -0,95; σ3+ 〉 -0,53), Pyrrol (σ2+ = -1,7; σ3+ = -1,71). Für den Wasserstoff am C-3-Kohlenstoff im Furan und Selenophen kann nur die obere Schwelle der Austauschgeschwindigkeit angegeben werden, da Hydrolyse bzw. Zersetzung der Ringe einsetzt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140325
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140501
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Additivity of Substituent Effects in the reaction of phenacyl bromide with aromatic amines in ethanol (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 780-784 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rate constants and the kinetic parameters of the reaction of phenacyl bromide with mono and disubstituted anilines in ethanol have been determined. The substituent effects on the free energy of activation have been found to be additive. HAMMETT equation for multiple substitution was applied to correlate reactivity with structural parameters. The substituent effect is separated into inductive and resonance effects.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140510
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions with 5-Substituted Isorhodanines. I (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 799-805 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Treatment of 5-arylideneisorhodanines 1 with GRIGNARD reagents, effects addition of the reagent to the double bound of the lateral chain to yield products, proved to have structure 2.The thiono group in 1 and 2 condenses with aniline to yield the corresponding 5-substituted-4-phenylimino-2-thiazolidinones 3 and 4.Alkylation of 1 and 2 with alkyl halides or with ethereal diazomethane results in the formation of the S-alkyl derivatives 5 and 6, respectively.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140513
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of 1-Methylmercapto-3(4H)-isoquinolone and ethylene diamine. Reactivity of the product towards diazo-compounds, nitrosocompounds, bromine and aromatic aldehydes (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 827-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Treatment of 1-methylmercapto-3(4H)-isoquinolone with ethylene diamine gave 4-oxo-2.3.4.5-tetrahydro-imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline 5, which on treatment with aryldiazonium chlorides, yielded the azo compounds 6a-f. 5 was found to react with p-nitrosodimethyl aniline to give the anil 8. Compound 5 when treated with bromine, gave the dibromo-derivative 9 which was converted to 8 by treating it with p-dimethylamino aniline. 5 condensed with aromatic aldehydes to give 10a-d.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140517
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of substitution on reactivity of some alkyl halides in the reaction with sodium thiosulphate (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 822-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A comparison of the rate of displacement of halide ion by thiosulphate ion in alkyl halides, namely n-amyl iodide, n-hexyl iodide, n-heptyl iodide, n-octyl iodide, n-amyl bromide, isoamyl bromide, sec-amyl bromide and n-amyl chloride at different temperatures and in varying alcohol-water mixtures has been made. In the case of n-amyl halides, there is a much larger rate difference between chloride and bromide than between bromide and iodide.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140516
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaktion der Azlactone mit Aminoverbindungen. V. Darstellung und Struktur einiger 3,5-disubstituierter 6-Hydroxy-1,2,4-triazine (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 851-856 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Spaltung der ungesättigten Azlactone 1a-i mittels Hydrazinhydrat entstehen die Hydrazide der entsprechenden substituierten α-Acylamino-acrylsäuren 2a-i, die glatt zu den 3,5-disubstituierten 6-Hydroxy-1,2,4-triazinen 3a-i cyclisiert werden.Es wurden NMR- und IR-Spektren von 3 gemessen, um zur Aufklärung ihrer Struktur beizutragen.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140520
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1-(m-Aminophenyl)-1 H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]chinoxalin-Derivate [1-(m-Aminophenyl)-flavazol-Derivate] von Zuckern der Isomaltose-, Maltose- und Cellobiose-Reihe (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 877-883 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-(m-Aminophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]chinoxalin-Derivate [1-(m-Aminophenyl) -flavazol-Derivate] von Zuckern der Isomaltose-, Maltose- und Cellobiose-Reihe wurden durch katalytische Hydrierung der entsprechenden Nitroverbindungen erhalten. Ihre Reindarstellung erfolgte durch Papierchromatographie und Sephadex-Gelfiltration, ihre Charakterisierung durch die RF-Werte, die pH-abhängigen Extinktionsmaxima in den UV-Spektren und IR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140523
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions with 4,5-Disubstituted 2-Mercaptoimidazoles and their derivatives (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 785-792 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 4,5-Disubstituted 2-mercaptoimidazoles react with chloroacetic acid to form S-carboxy-methyl derivatives, which readily cyclise to the corresponding 2,3-dihydro-imidazo[2,1-b]-thiazol-3-ones. Substituted amides of 2-imidazolylthioacetic acids have now been obtained by the action of amines on the latter compounds.The 2-arylidene and 2-arylazo derivatives of 2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-3-ones are prepared. The action of GRIGNARD reagents on the 2-arylidene derivatives results in addition to the exocylic double bond.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140511
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaktion substituierter Hydrazone mit Phosphortrichlorid (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 806-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Arylhydrazone von Methylalkylketonen reagieren mit Phosphortrichlorid zu 4-Alkyl-2-aryl-1,2,3-phosphadiazolen 1, deren Struktur durch NMR-, IR-, Raman- und UV-Spektren sowie elektronographisch gesichert wurde. Analog verlaufen die Reaktionen von Acetaldehyd-phenylhydrazon und Aceton-(2-cyanäthyl)-hydrazon mit PCl3.Aceton-acetylhydrazon ergibt mit PCl3 1-Chlor-4-methyl-3-acetyl-1,5-dihydro-1,2,3-phosphadiazol 3, das mit Triäthylamin 4-Methyl-2-acetyl-1,2,3-phosphadiazol 4 bildet. Mit Alkoholen werden aus 3 1-Chlor-4-methyl-2-acetyl-1,5-dihydro-phosphadiazole 5, mit Aminen 4-Methyl-2-acetyl-1-aryl(alkyl)amino-1,5-dihydro-1,2,3-phosphadiazole 6 erhalten.
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    Über Sulfonylierte (β-Cyan-äthyl)-hydrazineHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. A. Reiche mit den besten Wünschen zum 70. Geburtstage gewidmet (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 833-839 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (β-Cyan-äthyl)-hydrazin wird am substituierten N-Atom sulfonyliert. Seine 1,2,2-Tris-sulfonyl-Derivate entstehen aus 3-Imino-pyrazolidin und Arylsulfochloriden in Gegenwart des R—SO2⊕-Überträgers Trimethylamin. Mit Alkohol werden sie exotherm abgebaut, wobei drei Typen von S—N-Spaltreaktionen ablaufen: SN2-Abspaltung von R—SO2—OEt, β- und α-Eliminierung von Sulfinat (R—SO2Na) sowie die bisher nicht bekannte Eliminierung von Sulfinsäureester (R—SO-OEt). Auf Grund der Produktanalyse und von Analogie-reaktionen wird der Abbaumechanismus diskutiert.
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    Zum Mechanismus der Kationischen Polymerisation des Vinylisobutyläthers mit Jod als Katalysator (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die jodkatalysierte Polymerisation des Vinylisobutyläthers bei tiefen Temperaturen wird mit der Methode der Hochfrequenztitration sowie auch UV-spektroskopisch untersucht. Der während der Polymerisation beobachtete Leitfähigkeitsverlauf läßt auf ein “pseudokationisches” Verhalten schließen. An Hand der erhaltenen Ergebnisse wird ein Mechanismus formuliert, der auf der Annahme eines Gleichgewichtes zwischen freien Ionen und einem cyclischen Übergangskomplex mit weitgehendem Ladungsausgleich basiert.
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    MO-LCAO-SCF-Berechungen von Vinylverbindungen nach dem CNDO/2-Verfahren. Quantenchemische Interpretation der Spektralparameter und des Copolymerisationsverhaltens (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 43-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Von Vinylverbindungen CH2=CH—X werden CNDO/2-Elektronendichten und -Bindungsordnungen berechnet und mit entsprechenden spektralen Parametern (13C-NMR-chemische Verschiebungen, 13C—H-Kopplungskonstanten sowie geminale und vicinale H—H-Kopplungskonstanten, integrale Intensitäten der C=C-Valenzschwingung) und reaktionskinetischen Daten (Q- und e-Werte des ALFREY-PRICE-Schemas) verglichen. Die Güte der erhaltenen Korrelationsbeziehungen und die Ursachen von systematischen Abweichungen werden diskutiert.
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    Untersuchung der Photolyse und Thermolyse von o-Chinondiaziden des s-Triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazins (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 55-65 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Diazotierung der leicht zugänglichen 6-substituierten 7-Amino-8-hydroxy-s-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine mit Natriumnitrit in Salzsäure erhält man die sehr stabilen 7-Diazo-8-oxo-s-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine.Die Photolyse dieser Verbindungen in verd. Salzsäure liefert in einer SÜS-Umlagerung die leicht decarboxylierbaren 6-substituierten Pyrazolo[3,2-c]s-triazol-7-carbonsäuren, in Alkohol die entsprechenden Carbonsäureester. Die Struktur dieser neuen Verbindungsklasse wird IR- und NMR-spektroskopisch bewiesen. Der Einfluß der Temperatur und des Substituenten in 6-Stellung auf die Photolysegeschwindigkeit ist gering, während der Logarithmus der Photolysegeschwindigkeit mit steigendem pH-Wert linear ansteigt. Der photochemische Zerfall wird mit den Ergebnissen des thermischen Zerfalls verglichen.
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    Zur Arylierung des Phosphorylsauerstoffs. II. Tetraphenoxyphosphonium-hexachloroantimonat (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 125-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Triphenylphosphat läßt sich mit Benzoldiazonium-hexachloroantimonat zur Titelverbindung arylieren. Die gleiche Verbindung ist auch aus den Produkten der Reaktion von PCl5 mit 3 bzw. 4 Mol Phenol zugänglich. Diskrepanzen in den Angaben über die Natur dieser Reaktionsprodukte werden diskutiert.
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    Zur Arylierung des Phosphorylsauerstoffs, III. Protonierung von Phosphorylverbindungen durch das Benzoldiazonium-KationHerrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Alfred Rieche mit herzlichen Wünschen zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 129-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In auffallendem Gegensatz zur Alkylierung wird die Arylierung des Phosphorylsauerstoffs mit zunehmender Nucleophilie desselben signifikant erschwert. Als Konkurrenzreaktion zur Arylierung kommt eine Protonierung des Phosphorylsauerstoffs zum Zuge. Bei der Umsetzung von Triphenylphosphinoxid oder Phosphorsäure-tris-(dimethylamid) führt dies zur Bildung definierter kristalliner Salze, die als H-Brückenassoziat mit einem zweiten Molekül Phosphorylverbindung vorliegen; Feuchtigkeit und überschüssige Phosphorylverbindung überführen das Protonierungsprodukt des Triphenylphosphinoxids reversibel in ein 3: 1 - Assoziat des Hydronium-hexachloroantimonats.Die Deprotonierung des Benzoldiazonium-Kations durch die Base Phosphorylsauerstoff verläuft über eine Arin-Zwischenstufe, die mit Tetracyclon abgefangen werden kann.
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    Korrelationsbeziehungen bei paramagnetischen Verschiebungen mittels Tris-(dipivalomethanato)-europium(III) (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 385-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die durch Eu (DPM)3 verursachten Signalverschiebungen lassen sich bei den Verbindungen 1-6 durch eine gute lineare Abhängigkeit von 1/R3 darstellen. Dabei gibt R den Abstand des betrachteten Protons vom Zentrum des Sauerstoffatoms der untersuchten Verbindung an. Die erhaltene Abhängigkeit gestattet Aussagen über Molekülkonformationen.
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    Derivate der Zucker-mercaptale. XLV. Synthese und Oxydation von Di-O-benzoyl-dihydroxyaceton-dialkylmercaptalen (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 437-440 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Di-O-benzoyl-dihydroxyaceton 1 werden durch Umsetzungen mit Mercaptanen bei Gegenwart von Zinkchlorid Di-O-benzoyl-dihydroxyaceton-dialkylmercaptale 2 dargestellt, die sich mit Wasserstoffperoxid bei Gegenwart von Ammoniummolybdat zu 2,2-Bis-alkylsulfoxido- (3), mit Wasserstoffperoxid in Essigsäure zu 2,2-Bis-alkylsulfonyl-di-O-benzoyl-dihydroxyacetonen (4) oxydieren lassen.
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    Hydroximsäurederivate. VII. Darstellung von 1,2,4-Oxadiazol-3-carbonsäureestern (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 455-460 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-Acylamino-acetonitrile reagieren mit Alkylnitrit/Chlorwasserstoff in Alkoholen zu Oxalsäure-(N-acylamidoxim)-imidoesterhydrochloriden 4, die unter Einwirkung von Wasser in 1,2,4-Oxadiazol-3-carbonsäureester 5 übergehen.
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    Chemie der Flechteninhaltsstoffe, XCI. Chromonglucoside aus Flechten (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 488-498 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Roccellaria mollis (Hampe) Zahlbr., Schismatomma accedens (Nyl.) Zahlbr. und Roccella galapagoensis Follm. enthalten die Chromonglucoside Roccellin 1, Mollin 2 und Galapagin 3. Roccellin ist 7-O-Diacetylglucosyleugenitol und Galapagin 7-O-Diacetylglucosyl-8-methyleugenitol. Mollin liefert bei Acetylierung Acetylroccellin 4.
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    Beiträge zum Reaktionsverhalten von 2-Aminovinylcarbonylverbindungen (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 353-364 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Chlorvinylcarbonylverbindungen reagieren mit Sarkosinäthylester unter Substitution des Chloratoms. Im Falle der 2-Chlorvinylaldehyde cyclisieren die Substitutionsprodukte sofort zu 1-Methylpyrrol-2-carbonsäureestern. Im Falle der Chlorvinylketone dagegen können die 2-[N-(Äthoxycarbonylmethyl)-N-methyl-amino]-vinylketone isoliert werden. Sie sind auch durch Umsetzung von Hydroxymethylenketonen mit Sarkosinäthylester zugänglich. Die substituierte Aminogruppe wird relativ leicht wieder abgespalten, in einigen Fällen gelingt jedoch ebenfalls eine Cyclisierung zu 1-Methylpyrrolderivaten.
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    2-Amino-indene und deren Heterologe. II. Sterische Hinderung der Enolform bei heterologen Alkoxycarbonyl-indanon-(2)-DerivatenAuszugsweise vorgetragen am 10.3.1972 vor dem Kolloquium der Sektion Chemie, Universität Rostock. (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 334-352 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In Fortsetzung einer früheren Arbeit [1] wurden Thiophen-3,4-diessigsäureester mit sowohl freien als auch dialkylierten α,α′-Stellungen synthetisiert. Diese Ester wurden der DIECKMANN-Cyclisierung zu den Ketoestern 26, 27 und 28 unterworfen. Das Ausbleiben der Cyclisierung mit der 2,5-Di-tert.-butyl-Verbindung 18 wird mit sterischer Hinderung bei der Ausbildung des Ketoesterenolat-Anions 18c erklärt. Die Ketoester werden durch NMR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert und mit dem ebenfalls dargestellten Benzologen 25 verglichen. Für die Lage des Keto-Enol-Gleichgewichtes wird eine deutliche Abhängigkeit von sowohl der Größe des Alkyl-Restes in „peri“-Stellung als auch vom Alkoxy-Rest gefunden. Aus dem unsubstituierten Ketoester 27 wurde das c-annellierte Thiophenanaloge 29 zum Indanon-(2) erhalten.
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    Die Reaktion tertiärer Amine mit Bromcyan und Wasser in Gegenwart von anorganischen Basen (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 382-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Kationische Farbstoffe und Vorstufen. XVI. Styrylcyanine der 1,3-Oxathiolium-Reihe (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 419-427 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In einer Einstufenreaktion werden 1,3-Oxathiolium-styrylcyanine 7 bzw. 8 aus aromatischen Aldehyden, N,N-disubstituierten Alkylthioamiden und Phenacylhalogeniden bzw. p-Chinonen hergestellt. Ein möglicher Cyanin-Bildungsmechanismus wird diskutiert.
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    Über das Säure-Base-Verhalten von Benzimidazolonen (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 621-626 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Verschiedene Benzimidazolone wurden auf ihr Säure-Base-Verhalten in Dioxan-Wasser-Gemischen untersucht und die Aciditätskonstanten wurden bestimmt.
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    Neue Naphthyl-formamidine (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 639-645 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Notiz zur Darstellung von 3-Phenyl-4,5-dialkylthiazol-2-selenonen (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 646-648 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140331
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    Untersuchungen zur Reaktion von 2-Nitrocyclohexanon mit AminenHerrn Prof. Dr. Drs. h. c. Alfred Rieche in Dankbarkeit zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 891-895 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von 2-Nitrocyclohexanon 1 mit Aminen, Ammoniak oder Hydrazin werden unter Ringöffnung ε-Nitrocapronsäureamide 2a-d bzw. unter Wasserabspaltung ohne Ringöffnung substituierte Nitroenamine 3d-e gebildet. Das unsubstituierte 1-Amino-2-nitrocyclohexen-(1) 6 konnte ebenfalls dargestellt werden.
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    1-(2-Quinolylazo)-2-phenanthrol (QAP) as a spectrophotometric reagent and as an indicator for the determination of cobalt(II) (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 965-968 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    Extraction and Spectrophotometric Study of Copper(II) with 4-Isonitroso-1-phenyl-3-methyl-pyrazolone-5 (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 181-183 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    Masthead (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972) 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    The STOBBE condensation. X. The cyclisation of (E)-3-methoxycarbonyl-4-(5′-methyl-2′-furyl)-but-3-enoic acidi.e. COOCH3 group is in trans-position to furan ring. The nomenclature of cis/trans isomers used herein follows the IUPAC 1968 Tentative Rules, Section E, Fundamental Stereochemistry, J. org. Chemistry 35, 2849 (1970). See also: J. E. BLACKWOOD, C. L. GLADYS, K. L. LOENING, A. E. PETRARCA and J. E. RUSH, J. Amer. chem. Soc. 90, 510 (1968); Introduction to Subject Index of Chem. Abst. 66 (1963)., and (E)-3-methoxycarbonyl-4-(2′-furyl)-pent-3-enoic acid, to Benzofuran Derivatives (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 213-219 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The condensation of 5-methyl-furan-2-aldehyde and 2-furyl-methyl ketone with dimethyl succinate using either potassium t-butoxide or sodium hydride as condensing agents, gives predominantly (E)-3-methoxycarbonyl-4-(5′-methyl-2′-furyl)-but-3-enoic acid 1a and (E)-3-methoxy-carbonyl-4-(2′furyl)-pent-3-enoic acid 5 respectively. Their configurations are inferred by cyclisation with sodium acetate in acetic anhydride to the corresponding benzofuran derivatives 2,6. Alcoholysis of (E)-3-carboxy-4-(5′-methyl-2′-furyl)-but-3-enoic anhydride 3 gives the half-ester 1c which is isomeric with the half-ester 1a. A competing side reaction also gives the self-condensation product of the succinic ester 4.
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    Some reactions with 3-Methyl-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran-1-one (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 271-280 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Methyl-1H-naphtho[2,1-b]pyran-1-one 1 has been shown to react with various aldehydes to give the styryl derivatives 2. Reaction of 1 with P2S5 gave the thio-derivative 3 which reacted with aldehydes giving the thiostyryl-derivatives 4. Hydroxylamine reacted with 1 giving the isoxazole derivative 5. Hydrazine reacted with 2 giving the pyrazole derivative 6. Compounds 2 have been shown to undergo DIELS-ALDER reaction to give the adducts 7, 8 and 9. When 1 was allowed to react with different dicarboxylic acid anhydrides, the phthalide derivatives 10 were obtained, which on reaction with phenol, gave the dihydroxyphthalophenones 11.
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    Zur basenkatalysierten Reaktion von methylenaktiven Nitrilen mit Schwefel (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 303-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Reaktion von Schwefel mit Cyanessigsäurederivaten führt in Gegenwart von Basen bei Raumtemperatur zu Thiophen- und Pyrrolderivaten: Aus Malonitril erhält man 2,5-Diamino-3,4-dicyano- und 2,4-Diamino-3,5-dicyanothiophen, Cyanessigester liefert je nach Reaktionsbedingungen Bis-[2-amino-3,4-dicarbäthoxy-pyrrolidyl-(5)]-disulfid,2-Amino-5-mercapto-3,4-dicarbäthoxy-pyrrol und 2,4-Diamino-3,5-dicarbäthoxy-thiophen, mit Cyanacetamid entsteht das 2-Amino-5-mercapto-3,4-dicarbamoyl-pyrrol. Die Reaktionsverläufe, die mit einer Dehydrodimerisierung beginnen, werden erörtert und einige Folgereaktionen der erhaltenen Verbindungen beschrieben.
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    Masthead (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140301
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    Spektroskopisches Verhalten von organischen Schwefelverbindungen. VIV. Mitt.: K. DOERFFEL u. J. BRUNN, J. prakt. Chem. 312, 701 (1970).. Rotationsisomerie um die CS-Bindung bei Benzylalkylsulfiden (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 401-418 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In den Benzylalkylsulfiden wird die Lage der CS-Valenzschwingungen in den verschiedenen Konformationen durch die unterschiedliche Stärke der Nebenvalenzkräfte bestimmt.Die kleinen Wellenzahldifferenzen der CS-Valenzschwingungen von ≤20 cm-1 haben einmal ihre Ursache in der geringfügigen Veränderung der Nebenvalenzkräfte in den unterschiedlichen Formen, zum anderen in der schwachen Kopplung der CS-Valenzschwingungen mit anderen Schwingungen infolge der großen Masse des S-Atoms.Es liegen in ihrer Polarität wenig differenzierte Raumformen vor. Ihre Zahl und Stabilität wird im wesentlichen durch sterische Effekte bedingt.Als energieärmste Form muß man für die Benzylakylsulfide die Cs-Form, d. h. die ebene Zick-Zack-Struktur annehmen. Aus Modellbetrachtungen und aus der Intensitätsverteilung der CS-Valenzschwingungen ergibt sich weiterhin, daß in geradkettigen Verbindungen die Atomanordnung „auf Lücke“ erfolgt, während in i-PrS- und s-BuS-Verbindungen auch ekliptische Formen existieren können.
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    Über Sterische Hinderungen bei der thermischen Umlagerung von Verbindungen mit cis-Propenyl-bicyclo[2,2,1]hepten- und cis-Propenyl-bicyclo[2,2,2]octen-Struktur (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 483-487 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die endo-Konfiguration ist für die COPE-Umlagerung von 2-α-Alkenyl-bicyclo[2,2,1]-heptenen-(5) und 2-α-Alkenyl-bicyclo[2,2,2]octenen-(5) eine notwendige, aber keine hinreichende Voraussetzung. cis-Propenylgruppierungen in der Seitenkette der endo-Bicycloalkene verhindern die COPE-Umlagerung vollständig; an Stelle der COPE-Umlagerung wurde Retrodien-Spaltung beobachtet.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    Molekülspektren und Elektronenstruktur von Monoamino-benzochinonen (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 525-531 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Elektronenstruktur von Monoamino-benzochinonen ist auf Grund von Kopplungseffekten zwischen je einem Polyen- und einem Polymethin-Strukturelement interpretierbar. Die Richtigkeit der Kopplungskonzeption wird durch UV-, IR- und NMR-spektroskopische Messungen und durch das reaktive Verhalten der Aminochinone bestätigt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140318
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    Über Mehrparameterkorrelationen der kationischen Polymerisation von Vinylmonomeren (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 557-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden eine Reihe p-substituierter Styrole kationisch mit SnCl4 in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln polymerisiert. Die dilatometrisch ermittelten Bruttogeschwindigkeiten sowie die Molekulargewichte der Polymeren können als Zielgrößen einer Reaktion mit den Einflußgrößen auf die Elementarprozesse korreliert werden. Substituentenkonstanten, Lösungsmittelparameter und spektroskopische Daten liefern lineare Abhängigkeiten von den genannten Zielgrößen.
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    Steroide aus Hyodesoxycholsäure: 6-Methyl-Steroide (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 592-602 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von 3α-Hydroxy-6-oxo-5β-cholansäuremethylester 1 mit Methylmagnesiumjodid wurden 6α, 24, 24-Trimethyl-5β-cholantriol-(3α, 6β, 24) 2a und 6β, 24, 24-Trimethyl-5β-cholantriol-(3α, 6α, 24) 3a im Verhältnis 4:1 erhalten, während bei der entsprechenden Grignardierung des 3α-Hydroxy-6-oxo-5α-cholansäuremethylesters 7 nur 6α, 24, 24-Trimethyl-5α-cholantriol-(3α, 6β, 24) 8a isoliert wurde. Die Eigenschaften weiterer 24, 24-Dimethylcarbinole werden angegeben. Für die Darstellung von 6α-Methyl-progesteron aus Hyodesoxycholsäure wurde 20, 20-Äthylendioxy-3β-hydroxy-5α-pregnanon-(6) 13 durch Grignardierung und Dehydratisierung in Derivate des 6-Methyl-pregnenolons 15 überführt.
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    Pyridyl-formamidin-Derivate (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 627-635 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140328
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    Azomethine mit Stickstofflost-Gruppen. XII. Über die Reaktion von Estern der Cyanessigsäure mit p-Nitroso-N.N-bis-(β-chloräthyl)-anilin (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 649-654 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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    Synthesis of 2-(1-Pentyl-4-one)-3-methyl-indole and Higher Homologues (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 669-672 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19723140336
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    Synthesis of some substituted salicylanilides of expected biological activity (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 727-734 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substituted salicylanilides are prepared by condensation of phenyl salicylates with amines. Their phenylazo and amino derivatives are also obtained and their properties discussed.
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    Hydrazinverbindungen als Heterobestandteile in Peptiden. XV. Synthese von Eledoisin-Octapeptiden mit den Carbazylresten Azaglycin und α-Azaasparagin statt Glycin und Asparagin (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 759-768 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mit Hilfe aktivierter Ester von Azaglycin bzw. α-Azaasparaginpeptiden werden 5-Azasn-, 9-Azgly- und 5-Azasn-7-NHPhe-Eledoisin-Octapeptid 4-11Abkürzungen nach IUPAC-Information Bulletin Nr. 25, 32 (1966), vgl. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. physiol. Chem. 348, 256 (1967). Azasn = = α-Azaasparaginyl, Azgly = —NH—NH—CO— = Azaglycyl, NHPhe = α-Hydrazino-β-phenylpropionsäure; ONp = p-Nitrophenylester, OTcp = 2,4,5-Trichlorphenylester, TFA = Trifluoressigsäure. synthetisiert, ihre biologische Wirksamkeit geprüft und Betrachtungen zu ihrer Konformation angestellt.
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    Hydrazinverbindungen als Heterobestandteile in Peptiden. XVIXV. Mitt.: J. prakt. Chem. 314, 759 (1972), vorstehend.. Synthese von 9-Hydrazinoessigsäure-, 9-Azaglycin- und 5-α-Azaasparagin-OxytocinDie Ergebnisse wurden im Rahmen von Akademie-Abkommen zwischen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin und der Tschechoslovakischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Prag am Institut für Pharmakologie der DAW und bei Studienaufenthalten von H. N. in der Abteilung Peptidsynthese des Institutes für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der CSAV, Prag, unter der Anleitung von Prof. Dr. J. RUDINGER erarbeitet. (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 769-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zur Untersuchung des Einflusses von Modifikationen der Polyamidkette auf die Konformation und die biologische Aktivität des Oxytocins wurden 9-NHGly-OT-, 9-Azgly-OT und 5-Azasn-OTAbkürzungen nach IUPAC-Information Bulletin Nr. 25, 32 (1966), vgl. a. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. physiol. Chem. 348, 256 (1967).NHGly.- = NH—NH—CH2—CO— = Hydrazinoacetyl- bzw. Hydrazinoessigsäure; Azgly- = NH—NH—CO— = Azaglycyl-; Azasn- = NH—N(CH2—CONH2)—CO— = α-Azaasparaginyl-; —OQCl = 5-Chlor-8-hydroxychinolinester; —N(Tos)Gly— = Nα-p-Toluolsulfonyl-hydrazinoacetyl- = NH—N(Tos)-CH2—CO—; APM = Aminopeptidase M; LAP = Leucinaminopeptidase; TFA = Trifluoressigsäure; OT = Oxytocin. synthetisiert. Zur Synthese des C-terminalen Hexapeptides wurden aktivierte Tripeptidester eingesetzt. Die 3 + 6-Azidsynthese erwies sich auch hier einer 6 + 3-Synthese überlegen.
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    Reactions of Arylhydrazones of Some α-Cyanoketones with GRIGNARD Reagents (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 815-821 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The arylhydrazones of ethyl α-oxo-cyanoacetate 1a-e and the α-arylhydrazones of β-phenyl-α,β-diketopropionitrile 2a-e, react with GRIGNARD reagents at room temperature to yield the cyanocarbinols 3a-h. On the other hand, 1 and 2 react with phenylmagnesium bromide in refluxing ether-benzene mixture, to yield the imino derivatives 4a-d. 3a-e are dehydrated by hot acetic acid to yield compounds 5a-d. Similar treatment of 41-d affords the α-arylazo-β-phenylchalcones 6a-d which react with hydroxylamine to yield isoxazoline derivatives 7a-d.Treatment of 1b, d with ethereal diazomethane results in the formation of the N-methylarylhydrazones 8a, b.The arylhydrazono-malodinitriles 9 react with GRIGNARD reagents to yield the imino derivatives 10.
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    Synthese von optisch aktiven und racemischen 3-Alkyl-tetrahydrofuranen (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 840-850 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird eine allgemeine Herstellungsmethode von 2-Alkyl-1,4-butandiolen 3 und deren Umwandlung zu den entsprechenden 3-Alkyl-tetrahydrofuranen 6 beschrieben: Ausgangsprodukte sind die 2-Alkyl-allylalkohole 1, deren Hydroformylierung in Gegenwart von Rhodium-Katalysatoren praktisch isomerisierungsfrei verläuft. Die Darstellung von (+) (3S, 1′S)- und (-) (3R, 1′S)-3-(1′-Methylpropyl)-tetrahydrofuran 6 d erfolgt nach dem hier beschriebenen Verfahren; die optische Reinheit der beiden Diastereomeren 6 d wurde bestimmt.
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    Eu(DPM)3-induzierte Verschiebungen in den 1H-NMR-Spektren von vinylogen N,N-Dimethylformamiden (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 884-890 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Einfluß von Eu(DPM)3-Zusätzen auf die 1H-NMR-chemischen Verschiebungen der Methyl- und der Methinprotonen von vinylogen N,N-Dimethylformamiden (einfache Merocyanine) der Formel (CH3)2N(CH)nO mit n = 1,3,5 und 7 wurde untersucht. Die Meßergebnisse können quantitativ mit Hilfe der Theorie der Pseudokontaktverschiebung wiedergegeben werden. Im untersuchten Konzentrationsbereich lagert sich der Europiumkomplex nur am Sauerstoffatom der Merocyaninkette an.
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    The STOBBE Condensation with Dimethyl Glutarate (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 915-922 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The condensation of some heterocyclic aldehydes with dimethyl glutarate in the presence of sodium hydride, gave predominantly the (E)-half esters 1a-1es. S. 916.. Some of the aldehydes also gave the α,γ-disubstituted glutaric acids 4a-4c, which were converted to the corresponding anhydrides 5a-5c.
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    Darstellung von N-Chlor-1,2,4-triazolen. Kinetik und Mechanismus der Umlagerung von 1-Chlor-1,2,4-triazol zu 3-Chlor-1,2,4-triazol (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 923-935 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-Chlor-1,2,4-triazol 2a wird nach mehreren Varianten erstmalig dargestellt und seine Struktur IR- und NMR-spektroskopisch gesichert. 3-Methyl- und 3-Äthyl- 1,2,4-triazol liefern bei der Chlorierung Gemische von 1-Chlor-3-alkyl- und 1-Chlor-5-alkyl-1,2,4-triazol, in denen das letzte Derivat überwiegt, während 3-Phenyl- und 3-Chlor-1,2,4-triazol ausschließlich 1,3-Derivate ergeben. 1-Chlor-1,2,4-triazol 2a lagert sich beim Erhitzen in Wasser oder tert.-Butanol in hohen Ausbeuten in 3-Chlor-1,2,4-triazol 3a um. Die Reaktion gehorcht dem Geschwindigkeitsgesetz v = k [2a]2. Es wird bewiesen, daß 1-Chlor-1,2,4-triazol 2a das entscheidende Zwischenprodukt bei der Synthese von 3-Chlor-1,2,4-triazol 3a und 1,3-Dichlor-1,2,4-triazol 4a darstellt.
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    Reduction of Some 5-Acylthiazoles by sodium borohydride (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 961-964 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Korrektur: Zur Struktur der „Methan-tris-phosphorylderivate“ (1972)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 314 (1972), S. 969-974 
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    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die von uns kürzlich beschriebenen 3-kernigen P-Verbindungen [1] haben nicht die Struktur von Methan-tris-phosphorylverbindungen 2, sondern sind Phosphorylamide von α-Arylaminomethan-bis-phosphorylverbindungen 3. Die Struktur von 3 wurde u. a. mittels 31P- bzw. 13C-NMR-Messungen sichergestellt.
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    Correlations to evaluate permeation of vapor and liquid hydrocarbons through polymer membranes (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1-9 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It has been shown in this investigation that the permeation of propane and propylene through polyethylene membranes exhibit a generalized behavior in the vicinity of the condensation point of the penetrant. Correlations to evaluate the permeation flux are presented.
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    Creep and other tensile properties of rubber cross-linked by dicumyl peroxide (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 43-50 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Natural rubber crosslinked by dicumyl peroxide in amounts up to 25 parts per hundred of rubber (phr) showed a maximum in tensile strength near 1 phr, followed by a steep decrease to a minimum near 5 phr. The ultimate elongation decreased from 870% at 0.5 phr. to about 10% above 10 phr. The modulus increased linearly with increase of crosslinking. The creep rate decreased from 5.6% per decade at 0.5 phr to zero at 5 phr and higher values. Crystallization, with a resultant abrupt increase in creep, was noted in specimens held in the stretched condition for more than one day. Between 5 and 25 phr this system (when crystallization is avoided) appears to function as an ideal elastic network and can be recommended for studies of rubber elasticity since no variation of modulus with time is observed.
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    Incompatibility of blocks in an isolated molecule of A-B block copolymer (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 151-157 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The problem of the segregation of subchains in an isolated molecule of an A-B block copolymer is closely related to that of the mutually excluded volume of two chemically differing macromolecules. Therefore, by resorting to the “segment cloud” model used by Flory and Krigbaum to calculate the excluded volume, it was possible to derive an expression for the number of contacts between the two blocks in the same molecule. From the results of the calculation it follows that only partial block segregation can be expected unless the condensation of one of the subcoils to a dense globule occurs, owing to the effect of a poor solvent quality.
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    A semi-empirical approach to the viscosities of polyelectrolyte solutions (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 171-189 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The concentration dependence of the reduced viscosity of a number of polyelectrolytes was found to be adequately described by the equation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm \eta }_{sp} /c = [{\rm \eta }]_\infty [1 + k/\sqrt c ] $\end{document} as long as the concentration is not too low. The parameter [η]∞ represents the intrinsic viscosity of the well-shielded polyion and corresponds to values of [η] determined in salt solutions and may possibly correspond to the theory of Harris and Rice on polyion expansion. Heuristic arguments based in part on the work of Katchalsky et al. lead to a definite expression for the parameter k in terms of molecular properties. This result shows that the above equation is valid only for strong polyelectrolytes with constant activity coefficients of counterion. The calculated values of k agree well with experiment except when specific intramolecular interactions (e.g., internal hydrogen bonding) occur. For highly charged polyions we find, surprisingly, that k depends only on the properties of the polymer backbone and not on electrical properties.
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    Poly(2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenyl oxide): Characterization by gel-permeation chromatography, light scattering, and solution viscosityPresented at the IUPAC International Symposium on Macromolecules, Leiden, 1970, Paper No. Ial. (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 273-282 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Ten unfractionated poly(2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) samples were examined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and intrinsic viscosity [η] at 50°C in benzene, by intrinsic viscosity at 25°C in chloroform, and by light scattering at 30°C in chloroform. The GPC column was calibrated with ten narrow-distribution polystyrenes and styrene monomer to yield a “universal” relation of log ([η]M) versus elution volume. GPC-average molecular weights, defined as M̄gpc = \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\Sigma w_i [\eta ]_i M_i /\Sigma w_i [\eta ]_i$\end{document}, wi denoting the weight fraction of polymer of molecular weight Mi, were computed from the GPC and [η] data on the polyethers. The M̄GPC were then compared with the weight-average M̄w from light scattering. The intrinsic viscosity (dl/g) versus molecular weight relations for the unfractionated poly(2,6-diphenyl-1,4-phenylene oxides) determined over the molecular weight range 14,000 ≤ M̄w ≤ 1,145,000 are log [η] = -3.494 + 0.609 log M̄w (chloroform, 25°C) and log [η] = -3.705 + 0.638 log M̄w (benzene, 50°C). The M̄w(GPC)/M̄n(GPC) ratios for the polymers in the molecular weight range 14,000 ≤ M̄w ≤ 123,000 approximate 1.5 according to computer integrations of the GPC curves with the use of the “universal” calibration and the measured log [η] versus log M̄w relation. The higher molecular weight polymers (326,000 ≤ M̄w ≤ 1,145,000) show slightly broadened distributions.
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    Crystallization and melting of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) in ternary mixtures with toluene and polystyrenePresented at the IUPAC Symposium on Macromolecules, Leiden, Aug. 31-Sept. 4, 1970. (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 307-316 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The crystallization and melting temperatures of an unfractionated poly(2,6-dimethyl 1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) sample, PM2, were determined at 0.25°C/min cooling and heating rates in five binary toluene - PM2 and fifteen ternary toluene - polystyrene - PM2 solutions. The total polymer weight fraction range studied was 0.12-0.40 and the PM2 weight fraction range was 0.026-0.40. The heat of fusion Hf of the PM2 was computed to be 10.1 cal/g from the melting point depressions. A toluene - PM2 pair interaction parameter χ13 = 0.890 - 223.5/T was found. Although a reliable polystyrene-PM2 interaction parameter could not be computed, the data are consistent with χ23 = 0. Setting χ23 = 0 we calculate the toluene - polystyrene interaction parameter to be χ12 = 0.495 - 15.46/T. This χ12 is in remarkable agreement with values reported in osmotic pressure studies.
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    Gel chromatography of once-broken rod molecules (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 381-384 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100219
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    Characterization of the structure and organization of β-form crystals in type III and type IV isotactic polypropylene spherulites (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 385-432 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Anisotropic growth of β-form crystals of isotactic polypropylene in type III and type IV spherulites has made possible microanalysis of the unit cell structure, optical properties, and crystal arrangement within the spherulites. Micro x-ray studies of the type III and type IV spherulites show that interspherulitic β-form crystals have a hexagonal unit cell with dimensions; a = 19.08 Å and c = 6.49 Å. The intrinsic refractive indices of these β-form crystals are 1.506 along the a axis and 1.536 along the c axis. The organization of the crystals within the spherulites and the optical properties of the spherulites are also quantitatively evaluated. Both the type III and type IV spherulites have the a axis of the crystal radial while the crystals rotate randomly around the type III spherulite radii and periodically around the type IV spherulite radii. The radial refractive index for both the type III and type IV spherulites has the same value of 1.496. The tangential refractive index of the type III spherulite has a constant value of 1.509; it varies periodically between a minimum of 1.496 and a maximum of 1.519 in the type IV spherulite. Microtechniques such as micro x-ray diffraction, interference microscopy, birefringence, and optical microscopy were required for acquisition of the data.
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    Investigation into the mechanism of tack of rubbers (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 541-548 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The tack of cis-polybutadiene was measured by means of a Skewis tackmeter, and the results, which showed considerable variability, could be represented by a double exponential cumulative distribution function of Gumbel. It was concluded that there exists a linear relationship between the applied forces (contact and break) and the time that these forces are applied in the tack test. The mechanism of tack is considered in terms of two distinct processes: (a) the development of a bond and (b) the strength of the bond thus formed. The latter is rationalized by applying Eyring's absolute rate theory. A simple equation is derived which predicts an inverse linear relation between the breaking time and breaking force, which is in agreement with the experiment. The theory also suggests that the area of actual interpenetration of polymer interfaces depends largely on the contact pressure, whereas the depth of penetration appears to depend to a similar degree on both contact pressure and contact time.
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    Effect of molecular weight on the tensile strength of glassy plastics (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 571-573 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100314
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    Empirical probability-density functions for the radii of gyration of linear random-flight chains (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 607-614 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A number of empirical equations are presented that are good approximations to computed probability density functions of the one, two and three-dimentional radii of gyration of linear random-flight chains. Equations are given that are in good agreement with the distributions over the range of the radii of most physical interest. Alternative equations are presented that give especially good fit for small values of the one and two-di-mensional radii.
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    Effects of melting on dielectric relaxation in poly(hexamethylene sebacamide) (nylon 610) (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 647-656 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In order to investigate the role of solid morphology on molecular relaxation in crystaline polymers, the effect of melting on the α relaxation in poly(hexamethylene sebacamide) (nylon 610) was measured dielectrically. It was found that the α loss peak was continuous into the melt with respect to location in the frequency-temperature domain and with respect to the shape of the peak. However, the strength of the process, as measured by the difference in the relaxed and unrelaxed dielectric constants, was discontinuous on melting, the process being much stronger in the melt. These observations are consistent with a two-phase model of discrete crystalline and amorphous regions. The relaxation takes place in the amorphous regions, and melting creates more of this material but does not greatly after its nature. The correlation of the amount of amorphous material as measured by dielectric relaxation with that infrared from density measurements is discussed for nylon610, polyoxymethylene, and poly(ethylene oxide).
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    Extension and compression behavior of rubbery polymer networks (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 715-720 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The elastic behavior of different types of rubbery polymers (natural rubber, polybutadiene, silicone, and polyisoprene) networks at various degrees of vulcanization and swelling was examined in extension and compression. The data are represented by the Mooney-Rivlin equation. In compression, although C2 is zero, C1 decreases strongly with increasing swelling to a limiting value which, in some cases, may be correlated with the value of C1 found in extension and hence related to the theoretical modulus for highly swollen networks. A possible explanation is presented in terms of supramolecular order in the amorphous materials.
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    Epitaxial crystallization of polyethylene: Temperature dependence of overgrowth thickness (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 755-760 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100417
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    Comments on light scattering arising from anisotropic regions in ABA block copolymer films (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 767-768 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    Melting behavior of isotactic polystyrene (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 823-833 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The melting behavior of isotactic polystyrene, crystallized from the melt and from dilute solutions in trans-decalin, has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry and solubility measurements. The melting curves show 1, 2, or 3 melting endotherms. At large supercooling, crystallization from the melt produces a small melting endotherm just above the crystallization temperature Tc. This peak originates from secondary crystallization of melt trapped within the spherulites. The next melting endotherm is related to the normal primary crystallization process. Its peak temperature increases linearly with Tc, yielding an extrapolated value for the equilibrium melting temperature Tc° of 242 ± 1°C as found before. By self-seeding, crystallization from the melt could be performed at much higher temperature to obtain melting temperatures as high as 243°C, giving rise to doubt about the value of Tc° found by extrapolation. For normal values of Tc and heating rate, an extra endotherm appears on the melting curve. Its peak temperature is the same for both melt-crystallized and solution-crystallized samples, and independent of Tc, but rises with decreasing heating rate. From the effects of heating rate and partial scanning on the ratio of peak areas and of previous heat treatment on dissolution temperature, it is concluded that this peak arises from the second one by continuous melting and recrystallization during the scan.
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    Novel diffraction effects in the combined wide-angle and low-angle X-ray diffraction patterns of solution-grown nylon crystals (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 857-861 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It was shown previously that in sedimented mats of solution-grown nylon crystals the 001 wide-angle reflection due to the unit-cell period along the chain and the low-angle reflection due to the lamellar periodicity are both along the same azimuth (meridian) in the x-ray diffraction pattern.1 Presently in photographs which contain both the wide-angle and low-angle regions a series of new meridional reflections have been observed between the low-angle and 001 reflections and between 001 and 002 reflections. This finding implies that, with the large chemical repeat distances in question, diffraction effects at low and wide angles cannot be considered in isolation as is usual in most polymer crystal studies. In particular, the new reflections promise to provide a direct diffraction approach to the structure of the chain-folded lamellae.
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    Experimental investigation of the concept of molecular migration within sheared polystyrene (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 877-886 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Several important aspects of the flow in polymer melts through capillaries remain unexplored. This paper examines experimentally one such effect associated with the radial shear-stress gradient in capillaries. During capillary melt flow of a polymer with a wide molecular weight distribution, migration of the large molecules away from the region of highest shear stress, i.e., at the capillary wall, has been predicted but only modestly investigated. This effect has the potential to produce a molecular weight spectrum over the cross section of extruded polymer. Studies of distribution in shear were conducted on a well-characterized wide-distribution polystyrene (M̄w = 234,000). An Instron Rheometer equipped with a long capillary (length/diameter ratio of 66.7) was used to perform the extrusion at temperatures of 160-250°C. A solvent coring procedure was used to dissolve away concentric layers of polymer from the extrudate for molecular weight analyses. The method has been shown to cut clean sections without selective extraction. Values of M̄w, M̄n and M̄w/M̄n were calculated from complete molecular weight distribution data obtained by calibrated gel permeation chromatography. For a wide range of shear rates and temperatures, no evidence for molecular fractionation was observed. Shear degradation of this polymer was found to be small. However, at high shear rates at 250°C, evidence indicating extensive shear-induced thermal degradation was found. No evidence for oxidative degradation at the extrudate surface was found at either low or high shear rates at this temperature.
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    Measurement of surface area of polymer shavings (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 909-918 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A modified BET apparatus has been developed to measure the surface area of polymer samples in the range 0.2-3.0 m2. The sample holder is designed to permit easy entry for bulky samples, such as polymer shavings, which cannot be loaded through a capillary or exposed to the high temperature required to seal glass. Other apparatus modifications, which allow the accurate measurement of surface area, include the addition of a dibutyl phthalate differential manometer in conjunction with a pressure reservoir. Corrections for the dead volume, nonideality of nitrogen, and the thermal gradient in the sample holder are developed. Calibrations of the equipment with inorganic samples of known areas from 1.81 to 11.8 m2 gave highly accurate values of 1.74 to 11.6 m2. Results on high-density polyethylene shavings showed precision in determinations and very close agreement in the value of 49.7 for C in the BET equation with the published value, 47.7.
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    Electric and magnetic properties of polymeric organic semiconductors (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 957-959 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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    Elastic and thermoelastic behavior of cis-polybutadiene crosslinked in the swollen state (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 975-981 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Samples of cis-polybutadiene were cross-linked in the presence of decalin at values of φr (the volume fraction of rubber) ranging from 0.25 to 0.50. After the diluent had been removed, a study was made of the force-extension and thermoelastic behavior of the networks. Within experimental error, the ratio of the Mooney-Rivlin constants 2C2/2C1 was found to be zero for networks prepared at low φr (0.25 and 0.30) but started to increase towards the conventional value at higher φr. The quantity fe/f was found to be independent of the ratio 2C2/2C1 and of the extension ratio α; the average value of fe/f was found to be 0.11.
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    Adsorption of polymers at the solution-solid interface. VII. Poly(acrylic acids), model compounds, and vapors on nylon fibers (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1013-1022 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Nylon fibers of various draw ratios have been used as the adsorbents in the adsorption of low molecular weight acids and of polyacrylic acids from solution. Polymer adsorption is lower than on a precipitated nylon and decreases with fiber orientation; however, propionic acid and glutaric acids do not show this dependence on nylon structure. The structural alterations consequent on fiber drawing also reduce swelling in hydroxylated liquids. The greater accessibility of the precipitated nylon is shown by vapor sorption and extends to nonhydroxylated vapors; however, the differences in behavior between polyamide powder and fiber cannot be fully attributed to the former possessing a porous structure, in the sense normally employed in surface chemistry.
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    Adsorption of polymers at the solution-solid interface. VIII. Competitive effects in the adsorption of polystyrenes on silica (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1023-1028 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The adsorption behavior on silica of some polystrenes of moderate molecular weight distribution, both singly and in mixtures, has been examined. The adsorption isotherms indicate that, in both a good solvent (trichloroethylene) and under theta conditions, the species of higher molecular weight is preferentially adsorbed at or near full surface coverage, but that the smaller adsorbate has an improved opportunity for adsorption at low surface coverage. The use of tritiated adsorbates substantiate the isotherm data in cyclohexane solution.
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    Steady flow measurements on moderately concentrated solutions of poly(sodium acrylate) (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1047-1059 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Shear stress P21 and normal stress P11 -P22 functions of moderately concentrated aqueous solutions of sodium poly (acrylate) were measured under steady shear flow at various shear rates \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\dot \gamma$\end{document} with a Weissenberg rheogoniometer. The compliance function Js = (P11 - P22)/2P212 is found to vary with shear rate. The double logarithmic plot of Js versus \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\dot \gamma$\end{document} can be superposed with respect to molecular weight at constant concentrations of added neutral salt and polymer. These reduced plots differ markedly as the concentration of added salt is varied but converge to a single line at high shear rates.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100608
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    Crazing of polystyrene containing two rubber balls: A model for ABS plastics (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1085-1095 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In order to study the crazing behavior in rubber-toughened glassy polymers, polystyrene samples containing two rubber balls of the same diameter with varying separations have been prepared. They were subjected to simple tension, and their crazing behavior was observed. When the two balls are close together, the craze-initiation stress is considerably lower than that of single-ball samples. With increase in the distance between the two balls the craze-initiation stress increases at first almost linearly and levels off when l/d reaches about 1.45, where l and d are the center-to-center distance and the diameter of the balls, respectively. When l is sufficiently small, the crazes are seen to develop extensively at the inner surfaces of the balls and finally bridge with each other. The crazes bridged between the balls expand largely in the plane perpendicular to the applied load.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100610
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    Excluded-volume effects in dilute polymer solutions. IV. Polyisobutylene (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 23-42 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Statistical radii of gyration, second virial coefficients, and intrinsic viscosities of sharp fractions (M̄w/M̄n ≈ 1.1) of polyisobutylene (PIB) covering a wide range of molecular weight (1.6 × 105 to 4.7 × 106) were determined in isoamyl isovalerate (IAIV) at a number of temperatures ranging from 20 to 60°C, in n-heptane at 25°C, and in cyclohexane at 25°C by light-scattering and viscosity measurements. It was found that IAIV at 22.1°C is a theta solvent for PIB. Analysis of the data by the methods described in preceding papers of this series indicated that, except for minor differences, the conclusions derived from similar studies with polychloroprene, polystyrene, and poly-p-methylstyrene hold equally for solutions of the typical linear polymer investigated here. In particular, no decisive evidence for the drainage effect was found.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100103
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    Kinetics of the dissociation of nonionic detergent micelles by a temperature-jump technique (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 89-99 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The rate of dissociation of a nonionic detergent, octylphenyl polyoxyethylene ether, was studied by a temperature-jump technique. A relaxation process which is concentration-dependent was observed. A linear relation between the reciprocal relaxation time and the detergent concentration above the critical micelle concentration was obtained, from which the rate constant of dissociation kn,n-1 of one molecule of detergent from the micelle has been determined. Values of kn,n-1 equal to 0.4 ± 0.05 and 73 ± 5 sec-1 at 24.8°C were obtained for detergents with 16 and 30 ethylene oxide units per molecule of surfactant, respectively, showing and increase of the rate constant of dissociation with the length of the hydrophilic-head chain.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100107
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    Ultimate tensile properties of elastomers. VII. Effect of crosslink density on time-temperature dependence (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 133-150 
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    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Data on tensile strength and elongation at break for a series of Viton A-HV vulcanizates are discussed. The data were obtained at various extension rates at temperatures from -5 to 230°C (25 ≲ T  -  Tg ≲ 260°C) on seven vulcanizates having crosslink densities ve (estimated from C1 in the Mooney-Rivlin equation) from 0.46 × 10-5 to 24.4 × 10-5 mole/cm3. At an extension rate of 1 min-1, an increase in ve affects the tensile strength σb (based on the undeformed cross-sectional area) and the true tensile strength σbσb (based on the cross-sectional area of a deformed specimen) as follows: σb is essentially constant at a low temperature; it passes through a decided maximum at intermediate temperatures; and it increases to a plateau at elevated temperatures. In contrast, λbσb decreases markedly at all temperatures, an exception being the most lightly crosslinked vulcanizate(s). Application of time - temperature superposition to the ultimate-property data gave log aT; its temperature dependence is that typical of nonpolar rubbery polymers. Data on the vulcanizates were compared in corresponding temperature states by plotting log 273σb/T, log 273λbσb/T, and (λb  -  1)/(λb  -  1)max against logtb/(tb)max, where tb is the temperature-reduced time to break and (tb)max is the value at which the ultimate extension ratio λb attains its maximum, (λb)max. Except for the most lightly crosslink vulcanizate, the comparison shows that 273λbσb/T and (λb  -  1)/(λb  -  1)max are substantially independent of (or only weakly dependent on) crosslink density, that 273λb/T increases with ve, and that 273λb/T ∝ ve0.6 and λb ∝ ve-0.4 at a large value of tb/(tb)max.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100110
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    Comparison of optical and mechanical limits of linear relaxation behavior in glassy polycarbonate (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 159-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The decay in birefringence of glassy polycarbonate held at constant extension has been studied at 23°C, in the time-scale range 10-103 sec, up to about 6% strain. The results show that, under these conditions, the birefringence can be validly expressed as a linear hereditary integral of the strain history up to a relatively high strain level which is about 3.4% for an experimental time-scale of 100 sec. Comparison with previously obtained data on the stress relaxation behavior of the same polymer shows that, other factors remaining constant, mechanical relaxation is linear only up to about 1.1% strain. The earlier onset of mechanical nonlinearity is discussed and it is suggested that the mechanical relaxation spectrum is richer than the optical spectrum in relatively long relaxation times, corresponding to relatively slow molecular motions. It is further suggested that these slow molecular motions are accelerated first as the polymer is extended beyond the limit of linear viscoelastic behavior. The observed nonidentity between strain limits for linear mechanical and linear optical behavior is discussed in the light of current practices in photomechanical stress analysis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100112
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    Effect of cyclic loading on the morphology of polytetrafluoroethylene (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1145-1152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100616
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    Single crystals of poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1167-1170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100618
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    Anomalous behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene surfaces caused by an absorption process (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1175-1177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100620
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    Anisotropy of mechanical and dielectric relaxation in oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1153-1165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The anisotropy of the α and β relaxations in oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate) has been studied by dynamic mechanical and dielectric relaxation measurements. The α relaxation shows considerable mechanical anisotropy but gives rise to an isotropic dielectric process. The β relaxation, on the other hand, shows pronounced dielectric anisotropy but very little mechanical anisotropy. The implication of these results with regard to possible interpretations of the relaxations are discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100617
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    Formation of γ-form crystals in irradiated polypropylene (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1171-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100619
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    Dielectric and dynamic mechanical observations of stress relaxations in poly(ethylene terephthalate) films (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1179-1182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100621
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