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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (677)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (107)
  • Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer  (25)
  • 1960-1964  (809)
  • 1960  (809)
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  • 1960-1964  (809)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Photographs are presented of various models coated with fluorescent oil to show evidence of surface vortices at a Mach number of 3.03. Vortex formation was evidently present on models with forward-facing steps, rearward-facing steps, wires, discrete surface particles, or unswept flat surfaces with sharp leading edges. Some photographs are also presented for the models coated with a sublimation material which clearly indicates the location of boundary-layer transition; however, it does not show the vortices as clearly as the fluorescent oil. The study was made on the models at an angle of attack of 0 deg at unit Reynolds numbers of 7.7 and 10.7 million per foot. The spacing of the vortices as indicated by the flow studies on the unswept model was smaller at the higher Reynolds number in accordance with Gortler's theory. The flow studies also indicated that stable surface vortices produced by either steps or surface roughness persisted over model areas known to have turbulent boundary layers.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-328
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: An investigation was conducted in the Ames 12-Foot Low-Turbulence Pressure Tunnel to determine the effects of sweep on the boundary-layer stability characteristics of an untapered variable-sweep wing having an NACA 64(2)A015 section normal to the leading edge. Pressure distribution and transition were measured on the wing at low speeds at sweep angles of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 deg. and at angles of attack from -3 to 3 deg. The investigation also included flow-visualization studies on the surface at sweep angles from 0 to 50 deg. and total pressure surveys in the boundary layer at a sweep angle of 30 deg. for angles of attack from -12 to 0 deg. It was found that sweep caused premature transition on the wing under certain conditions. This effect resulted from the formation of vortices in the boundary layer when a critical combination of sweep angle, pressure gradient, and stream Reynolds number was attained. A useful parameter in indicating the combined effect of these flow variables on vortex formation and on beginning transition is the crossflow Reynolds number. The critical values of crossflow Reynolds number for vortex formation found in this investigation range from about 135 to 190 and are in good agreement with those reported in previous investigations. The values of crossflow Reynolds number for beginning transitions were found to be between 190 and 260. For each condition (i.e., development of vortices and initiation of transition at a given location) the lower values in the specified ranges were obtained with a light coating of flow-visualization material on the surface. A method is presented for the rapid computation of crossflow Reynolds number on any swept surface for which the pressure distribution is known. From calculations based on this method, it was found that the maximum values of crossflow Reynolds number are attained under conditions of a strong pressure gradient and at a sweep angle of about 50 deg. Due to the primary dependence on pressure gradient, effects of sweep in causing premature transition are generally first encountered on the lower surfaces of wings operating at positive angles of attack.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-338
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: A configuration of a wing segment having constant chord thickness, 0 deg. sweep, a porous steel semicircular leading edge, and solid Inconel surfaces was tested in a Mach number 2.0 ethlyene-heated high-temperature air jet. Measurements were made of the wing surface temperatures at chordwise stations for several rates of helium flow through the porous leading edge. The investigation was conducted at stagnation temperatures ranging from 500 F to 2,400 F, at Reynolds numbers per foot ranging from 0.3 x 10(exp 7) to 1.2 x 10(exp 7), and at angles of attack of 0, +/- 5, and +/- 15 deg. The results indicated that the reduction of wing surface temperatures with respect to their values for no coolant flow, depended on the helium coolant flow rates and the distance behind the area of injection. The results were correlated in terms of the wall cooling parameter and the coolant flow-rate parameter, where the nondimensional flow rate was referenced to the cooled area up to the downstream position. For the same coolant flow rate, lower surface temperatures are achieved with a porous-wall cooling system. However, since flow-rate requirements decrease with increasing allowable surface temperatures, the higher allowable wall temperatures of the solid wall as compared to the structurally weaker porous wall- sharply reduce the flow-rate requirements of a downstream cooling system. Thus, for certain flight conditions it is possible to compensate for the lower efficiency of the downstream or solid-wall cooling system. For example, a downstream cooling system using solid walls that must be maintained at 1,800 F would require less coolant for Mach numbers up to 5.5 than would a porous-wall cooling system for which the walls must be maintained at temperatures less than or equal to 9000 F.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TM-X-235
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A study was made to determine the effect of coolant injection angularity on gaseous film-cooling effectiveness. In the correlation of experimental data an effective injection angle was defined by a vector summation of the coolant and mainstream gas flows. The cosine of this angle was used as a parameter to empirically develop a corrective term to qualify a correlating equation presented in Technical Note D-130 that was limited to tangential injection of the coolant. Data were also obtained for coolant injection through rows of holes normal to the test plate. The slot correlating equation was adapted to fit these data by the definition of an effective slot height. An additional corrective term was then determined to correlate these data.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-299 , E-689
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Measurements of the time-averaged induced velocities were obtained for rotor tip speeds as great as 1,100 feet per second (tip Mach number of 0.98) and measurements of the instantaneous induced velocities were obtained for rotor tip speeds as great as 900 feet per second. The results indicate that the small effects on the wake with increasing Mach number are primarily due to the changes in rotor-load distribution resulting from changes in Mach number rather than to compressibility effects on the wake itself. No effect of tip Mach number on the instantaneous velocities was observed. Under conditions for which the blade tip was operated at negative pitch angles, an erratic circulatory flow was observed.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-393 , L-836
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A review is made of some of the experimental data and analyses applicable to convective heat transfer in fully turbulent flow in smooth tubes with liquid metals and viscous Newtonian fluids. An empirical equation is evolved that closely approximates heat-transfer values obtained from selected analyses and experimental data for Prandtl numbers from 0.001 to 1000. The terms included in the equation are Reynolds number, Prandtl number, and an empirical diffusivity ratio between heat and momentum.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-483
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The experimental and analytical results to date of a study of a two-component gaseous vortex system are presented in this paper. Analytical expressions for tangential velocity and static-pressure profiles in a turbulent vortex show good agreement with experimental data. Airflow rates from 0.075 to 0.14 pound per second and corresponding tangential velocities from 160 to 440 feet per second are correlated by turbulent Reynolds numbers from 1.95 to 2.4. An analysis of an air-bromine gas mixture in a turbulent vortex indicates that a boundary value of bromine-to-air radial velocity ratio (u(2)/u(1)) of 0.999 gives essentially no bromine buildup, while a value of 0.833 results in considerable separation. For a constant value of (u(2)/u(1))(0) the bromine buildup increases as (1) the tangential velocity increases, (2) the air-to-bromine weight-flow ratio decreases, (3) the airflow rate decreases, (4) the temperature decreases, and (5) the turbulence decreases. Analytical temperature, pressure, and tangential-velocity profiles are also presented. Preliminary experimental results indicate that the flow of an air-bromine mixture through a vortex field results in a bromine density increase to a maximum value; followed by a decrease; the air density exhibits a uniform decrease from the outer vortex radius to the exhaust-nozzle radius.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-288 , E-800 , Nov 16, 1959 - Nov 21, 1959; Washington, DC; United States
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A series of rocket motors with varying exit to throat area ratios was tested in the 8- by 6-foot wind tunnel to determine the effects of mixing on jet diameter and temperature decay at large distances (x/d 〉 30) from the nozzle exit. An approximate method to account for effects of the initial expansion was evolved. It was determined that the combustion efficiency has an important effect on jet spreading, since the unburned products can burn downstream of the nozzle. The data showed considerable scatter; however, mixing rates were, in general, lower than those observed for subsonic jets. Data for angles of attack of 5 and 10 deg are also presented, giving the respective centerline shift and temperature decay as a function of axial distance.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TM-X-151
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Induced discharges are advantageous for ionizing low-density flows in that they introduce no electrode contamination into the flow and they provide a relatively high degree of ionization with good coupling of power into the gas. In this investigation a 40-megacycle oscillator was used to produce and maintain induced discharges in argon and mercury-vapor flows. Methods for preventing blowout of the discharge were determined, and power measurements were made with an in-line wattmeter. Some results with damped oscillations pulsed at 1,000 pulses per second are also presented.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-431 , L-986
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An investigation of laminar boundary-layer control by suction for purposes of drag reduction at low speed and high Reynolds numbers has been conducted in the Ames 12-Foot Pressure Wind Tunnel. The model was a 72.96-inch-chord wing panel, swept back 30 deg., which was installed between end plates to approximate a wing of infinite span. The airfoil section employed was a modified NACA 66-012 in the streamwise direction. Tests were limited to controlling the flow over only the upper surface of the model. Seventeen individually controllable suction chambers were provided below the surface to induce flow through 93 spanwise slots in the surface between the 0.0052- and 0.97-chord stations. Tests were made at angles of attack of 0 deg., +/- 1.0 deg., +/- 1.5 deg., and -2.0 deg. for Reynolds numbers from approximately 1.5 x 10(exp 6) to 4.0 x 10(exp 6) per foot. In general, essentially full-chord laminar flow was obtained for all conditions with small suction quantities. Minimum profile-drag coefficients of about 0.0005 to 0.0006 were obtained for the slotted surface at maximum values of the Reynolds number; these values include the Power required to induce suction as an equivalent drag.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-320
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The real-gas hypersonic flow parameters for helium have been calculated for stagnation temperatures from 0 F to 600 F and stagnation pressures up to 6,000 pounds per square inch absolute. The results of these calculations are presented in the form of simple correction factors which must be applied to the tabulated ideal-gas parameters. It has been shown that the deviations from the ideal-gas law which exist at high pressures may cause a corresponding significant error in the hypersonic flow parameters when calculated as an ideal gas. For example the ratio of the free-stream static to stagnation pressure as calculated from the thermodynamic properties of helium for a stagnation temperature of 80 F and pressure of 4,000 pounds per square inch absolute was found to be approximately 13 percent greater than that determined from the ideal-gas tabulation with a specific heat ratio of 5/3.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-462 , L-1135
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Hovering and steady low-speed forward-flight tests were run on a 4-foot-diameter rotor at a ground height of 1 rotor radius. The two blades had a 2 to 1 taper ratio and were mounted in a see-saw hub. The solidity ratio was 0.05. Measurements were made of the rotor rpm, collective pitch, and forward-flight velocity. Smoke was introduced into the tip vortex and the resulting vortex pattern was photographed from two positions. Using the data obtained from these photographs, wire models of the tip vortex configurations were constructed and the distribution of the normal component of induced velocity at the blade feathering axis that is associated with these tip vortex configurations was experimentally determined at 450 increments in azimuth position from this electromagnetic analog. Three steady-state conditions were analyzed. The first was hovering flight; the second, a flight velocity just under the wake "tuck under" speed; and the third, a flight velocity just above this speed. These corresponded to advance ratios of 0, 0.022, and 0.030 (or ratios of forward velocity to calculated hovering induced velocity of approximately 0, 0.48, and 0.65), respectively, for the model test rotor. Cross sections of the wake at 450 intervals in azimuth angle as determined from the path of the tip vortex are presented graphically for all three cases. The nondimensional normal component of the induced velocity that is associated with the tip vortex as determined by an electromagnetic analog at 450 increments in azimuth position and at the blade feathering axis is presented graphically. It is shown that the mean value of this component of the induced velocity is appreciably less after tuck-under than before. It is concluded that this method yields results of engineering accuracy and is a very useful means of studying vortex fields.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-458 , W-143
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A semiempirical analysis of the equation for incompressible fluctuations in a turbulent fluid, using similarity relations for round subsonic jets with uniform exit velocity, is used to predict the shape of the time-averaged fluctuation-pressure distribution along the mean-velocity boundary of jets. The predicted distribution is independent of distance downstream of the nozzle exit along the mixing region, inversely proportional to the distance downstream along the region of mean-velocity self-preservation, and proportional to the inverse square of the distance downstream along the fully developed region. Experimental results were in fair agreement with the theory. However, the measured fluctuation-pressure distributions were found to be very sensitive to changes in jet temperature and jet-nozzle profile, especially near the nozzle. These factors are not included in the theory. Increased jet temperatures produce increased pressure fluctuations and violation of similarity conditions. Nozzle-profile modifications may lead to violation of the uniform-exit-velocity requirement imposed in the theory.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-468 , E-780
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The sonic-wedge characteristics method has been used to obtain the shock shapes and surface pressure distributions on several blunt two-dimensional shapes in a hypersonic stream for several values of the ratio of specific heats. These shapes include the blunt slab at angle of attack and power profiles of the form yb = a)P, where 0 les than m less than 1, Yb and x are coordinates of the body surface, and a is a constant. These numerical results have been compared with the results of blast-wave theory, and methods of predicting the pressure distributions and shock shapes are proposed in each case. The effects of a free-stream conical-flow gradient on the pressure distribution on a blunt slab in hypersonic flow were investigated by the sonic-wedge characteristics method and were found to be sizable in many cases. Procedures which are satisfactory for reducing pressure data obtained in conical flows with small gradients are presented.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-408 , L-897
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: It is shown that adequate means are available for calculating inviscid direct and induced pressures on simple axisymmetric bodies at zero angle of attack. The extent to which viscous effects can alter these predictions is indicated. It is also shown that inviscid induced pressures can significantly affect the stability of blunt, two-dimensional flat wings at low angles of attack. However, at high angles of attack, the inviscid induced pressure effects are negligible.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-449 , L-1051
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Convective heat-transfer tests were made on a 5-inch-diameter hemisphere to determine the variation of Stanton number with the ratio of wall temperature to total temperature. The tests were made at a nominal Mach number of 2 for stagnation temperatures of 760 deg R, 1,030 deg R, and 1,380 deg R. The model was constructed so that radiation effects and also streamwise conduction effects within the model skin were minimized. The results of the tests verified that these effects were small. Tests which were made with different masses of air inside the model to check for conduction effects to the internal air cavity showed these effects to be negligible. For laminar flow on the hemisphere, the Stanton number remained essentially constant as the ratio of wall temperature to total temperature increased. However, for fully established turbulent flow, the Stanton number at some stations decreased on the order of 50 percent as the ratio of wall temperature to total temperature increased. A theory which agreed fairly well with the trend of this decrease is shown for comparison.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-399 , L-463
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An experimental investigation has been made in the Langley highspeed hydrodynamics facility to determine the force and moment characteristics of two hydrofoils (one having an aspect ratio of 1 and the other having an aspect ratio of 3) designed to have improved lift-drag ratios when operating under either supercavitating or ventilated conditions. Measurements were made of lift, drag, and pitching moment over a range of angles of attack from 40 to 200 for depths of submersion varying from 0 to approximately 1 chord. The range of speed for the investigation was from 110 to 200 feet per second. When the upper surface of the hydrofoils was completely unwetted, the experimental values of lift and drag forces were in good agreement with the theoretical values obtained from the zero-cavitation-number theory. The theoretical values for minimum angle of attack for operation with the upper surface of the hydrofoil unwetted define the lower limits of angle of attack for which the experimental values of lift coefficient are either in agreement with or slightly greater than those predicted by theory.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-436 , L-913
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the heat-transfer characteristics of a hypersonic glide configuration having 79.5 deg of sweepback (measured in the plane of the leading edges) and 45 of dihedral. The tests were conducted at a nominal Mach number of 4.95 and a stagnation temperature of 400 F. The test-section unit Reynolds number was varied from 1.95 x 10(exp 6) to 12.24 x 10(exp 6) per foot. The results indicated that the laminar-flow heat-transfer rate to the lower surface of the model decreased as the distance from the ridge line increased except for thermocouples located near the semispan at an angle of attack of 00 with respect to the plane of the leading edges. The heat-transfer distribution (local heating rate relative to the ridge-line heating rate) was similar to the theoretical heat-transfer distribution for a two-dimensional blunt body, if the ridge line was assumed to be the stagnation line, and could be predicted by this theory provided a modified Newtonian pressure distribution was used. Except in the vicinity of the apex, the ridge-line heat-transfer rate could also be predicted from two-dimensional blunt-body heat-transfer theory provided it was assumed that the stagnation-line heat-transfer rate varied as the cosine of the effective sweep (sine of the angle of attack of the ridge line). The heat-transfer level on the lower surface and the nondimensional heat-transfer distribution around the body on the lower surface were in qualitative agreement with the results of a geometric study of highly swept delta wings with large positive dihedrals made in reference 1.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TM-X-247
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The results are presented for a flight test program using a fighter type jet aircraft flying at pressure altitudes of 10,000, 20,000, and 30,000 feet at Mach numbers from 0.3 to 0.8. Specially designed apparatus was used to measure and record the output of microphones and hot-wire anemometers mounted on the forward-fuselage section and wing of the airplane. Mean-velocity profiles in the boundary layers were obtained from total-pressure measurements. The ratio of the root-mean-square fluctuating wall pressure to the free-stream dynamic pressure is presented as a function of Reynolds number and Mach number. The longitudinal component of the turbulent-velocity fluctuations was measured, and the turbulence-intensity profiles are presented for the wing and forward-fuselage section. In general, the results are in agreement with wind-tunnel measurements which have been-reported in the literature. For example, the variation the square root of p(sup 2)/q times the square root of p(sup 2) is the root mean square of the wall-pressure fluctuation, and q is the free-stream dynamic pressure) with Reynolds number was found to be essentially constant for the forward-fuselage-section boundary layer, while variations at the wing station were probably unduly affected by the microphone diameter (5/8 in.), which was large compared with the boundary-layer thickness.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-280
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The laminar compressible boundary layer in the two-dimensional and axisymmetric stagnation regions has been analyzed to show the effects of the injection of a radiation absorbing foreign gas on an incident radiation field, and on the enthalpy profiles across the boundary layer. Total heat transfer to the stagnation region is evaluated for numerous cases and the results are compared with the no shielding case. Required absorption properties of the foreign gas are determined and compared with properties of known gases.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-329
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The spatial characteristics of a spray formed by two impinging water jets in quiescent air were studied over a range of nominal jet velocities of 30 to 74 feet per second. The total included angle between the 0.089-inch jets was 90 deg. The jet velocity, spray velocity, disappearance of the ligaments just before drop formation, mass distribution, and size and position of the largest drops were measured in a circumferential survey around the point of jet impingement. Photographic techniques were used in the evaluations. The distance from the point of jet impingement to ligament breakup into drops was about 4 inches on the spray axis and about 1.3 inches in the radial position +/-90 deg from the axis. The distance tended to increase slightly with increase in jet velocity. The spray velocity varied from about 99 to about 72 percent of the jet velocity for a change in circumferential position from the spray axis to the +/-80 deg positions. The percentages tended to increase slightly with an increase in jet velocity. Fifty percent of the mass was distributed about the spray axis in an included angle of slightly less than 40 deg. The effect of jet velocity was small. The largest observed drops (2260-micron or 0.090-in. diam.) were found on and about the spray axis. The size of the largest drops decreased for an increase in radial angular position, being about 1860 microns (0.074 in.) at the +/-90 deg positions. The largest drop sizes tended to decrease for an increase in jet velocity, although the velocity effect was small. A drop-size distribution analysis indicated a mass mean drop size equal to 54 percent of an extrapolated maximum drop size.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-301 , E-419
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The results are reported of hot-wire anemometer measurements of the fluctuating longitudinal component of the turbulent velocities in the mean flow downstream of screens in an air jet. These measurements have been analyzed by well-established techniques to give the influence of tile screen mesh size on the turbulent intensity, scale, and the power-spectral-density. The results show a linear dependence of the intensity upon the screen mesh size for locations within the central core of the air jet. The spectral-density curves show that the screens redistribute the turbulent energy from the low frequencies (〈1000 cps) to the high frequencies (〉1000 cps). The effects of the screens are overwhelmed in the mixing region of the jet flow by the turbulence levels existing there. The large pressure drops occurring across the screens reduce the velocity of the jet as compared to the jet without screens by approximately one-third for the velocity and range of mesh sizes investigated and reported in this report. The turbulence scale is a linear function of distance from the nozzle exit and is somewhat greater than comparable jets without screens.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-297 , E-798
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Measurements of the location of boundary-layer transition and the local heat transfer have been made on 2-inch-diameter hemispheres in the Langley gas dynamics laboratory at a Mach number of 4.95, a Reynolds number per foot of 73.2 x 10(exp 6), and a stagnation temperature of approximately 400 F. The transient-heating thin-skin calorimeter technique was used, and the initial values of the wall-to-stream stagnation- temperature ratios were 0.16 (cold-model tests) and 0.65 (hot-model test). During two of the four cold tests, the boundary-layer flow changed from turbulent to laminar over large regions of the hemisphere as the model heated. On the basis of a detailed consideration of the magnitude of roughness possibly present during these two cold tests, it appears that this destabilizing effect of low wall temperatures (cooling) was not caused by roughness as a dominant influence. This idea of a decrease in boundary-layer stability with cooling has been previously suggested. (See, for example, NASA Memorandum 10-8-58E.) For the laminar data obtained during the early part of the hot test, the correlation of the local-heating data with laminar theory was excellent.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-391 , L-752
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The problem of noise suppression of turbojet engines has shown a need for turbulence data within the flow field of various types of nozzles used in ad hoc investigations of the sound power. The result of turbulence studies in a nozzle configuration of four parallel rectangular slots is presented in this report with special attention to the effect of the spacing of the nozzles on the intensity of turbulence, scale of turbulence, spectrum of turbulence, and the mean stream velocity. Taylor's hypothesis, which describes the convection of the turbulence eddies, was tested and found correct within experimental error and certain experimental and theoretical limitations. The convection of the pressure patterns was also investigated, and the value of the convection velocity was found to be about 0.43 times the central core velocity of the jets. The effect of the spacing-to-width ratio of the nozzles upon the turbulence intensity, the scale of turbulence, and the spectral distribution of the noise was found in general to produce a maximum change for spacing-to-width ratios of 1.5 to 2.0. These changes may be the cause of the reduction in sound power reported for similar full-scale nozzles and test conditions under actual (static) engine operation. A noise reduction parameter is defined from Lighthill's theory which gives qualitative agreement with experiments which show the noise reduction is greatest for spacing-to-width ratios of 1.5 to 2.0.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-294 , E-384
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A full-scale wind-tunnel test was conducted of two boundary-layer-control applications to a 44-foot diameter helicopter rotor. Blowing from a nozzle near the leading edge of the blades delayed retreating blade stall. Results also indicated that delay of retreating blade stall could be obtained by cyclic blowing with a lower flow rate than that required for continuous blowing. It was found that blowing applied through a nozzle at mid-chord had no effect on retreating blade stall.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-335 , A-380
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 99-102 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 8-Alkyl- und 8-Alkenyl-theophylline werden aus 1.3-Dimethyl-4.5-diaminouracil und gesättigten Carbonsäuren bzw. β.γ- und γ.δ-ungesättigten Carbonsäuren durch Kondensation nach TRAUBE dargestellt; α.β-ungesättigte Säuren reagieren nicht.
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 280-282 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 7-Mercapto-cholesterin wurde durch Hydrogenolyse des aus 7-Brom-cholesterylbenzoat hergestellten 7-Acetylmercapto-cholesteryl-benzoats erhalten. Seine Konfiguration am Kohlenstoff 7 wird diskutiert.
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 286-288 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960) 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 137-140 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Synthese der 1.3.5-Triacetyl-2-desoxy-β-D-ribofuranose beschrieben. Die Struktur wird durch Messung der kernmagnetischen Resonanz unter Vergleich mit den beiden β-D-Ribose-tetraacetaten (1.3.4 bzw. 1.3.5) bewiesen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 424-427 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Einwirkung von Silazanen auf Aminosäuren entstehen N-Trialkylsilyl-aminosäure-trialkylsilylester und Aminosäure-trialkylsilylester.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 462-467 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In Fortführung der Versuche über phosphinhaltige Kobaltcarbonyle hat sich ergeben, daß der Reaktionsverlauf von der speziellen Art des Phosphins, d. h. den am Phosphor gebundenen organischen Resten, abhängt. So entstehen mit Triäthyl- und Tricyclohexyl-phosphin bevorzugt (ca. 10°) die 2-ionigen Verbindungen [Co(CO)3L2][Co(CO)4] (L = P(C2H5)3, P(C6H11)3); nur bei höherer Temperatur (ca. 35°) und in indifferenten Mitteln bildet sich das betr. echte Derivat des Kobaltcarbonyls [Co(CO)3L]2, das mit Triphenylphosphin auch schon bei tieferer Temperatur entsteht. Häufig liegen Gemische beider Verbindungstypen vor.  -  Mit Triphenyl-arsin und -stibin sind die gleichfalls bei tieferer Temperatur (0°) gebildeten 2-ionigen Verbindungen nur labil und wandeln sich spontan unter CO-Abgabe in die echten Derivate um.  -  Ergänzende weitere Versuche wurden mit Mangancarbonyl und der 2-zähligen Base Äthylen-bis-[diphenylphosphin] und mit Rheniumcarbonyl und Triphenylphosphin durchgeführt. Im letzteren Fall erhält man das diamagnetische Monosubstitutionsprodukt [Re(CO)4P(C6H5)3]2.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 397-405 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eine Anzahl diazotierter heterocyclischer Amine wurde mit Phenoläthern und aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen auf ihr Kupplungsvermögen geprüft. Die Versuche zeigten, daß insbesondere Verbindungen aus der 1.2.4- und 1.3.4-Thiodiazol-Reihe eine sehr hohe Reaktivität besitzen, die diejenige des diazotierten 2.4-Dinitro-anilins deutlich übertrifft.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 428-434 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Während bei den Cyclopentanon-o-carbonsäureestern die C-Alkylierung und -Acylierung vorherrschen, sind bei den entsprechenden Thio-cyclopentanon-o-carbonsäureestern nur am Schwefel substituierte Abkömmlinge zu erhalten. -  Die Säurespaltung führt zur Thio-cyclopentanon-o-carbonsäure und nicht zu ringaufgespaltenen Produkten.  -  Bei der Oxydation entstehen äußerst stabile Disulfide.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 140-149 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese der 2-Desoxy-Nucleoside des Adenins, Guanins und Hypoxanthins wird beschrieben. Auf Grund des Syntheseweges aus dem entsprechenden 2-Desoxy-riboseacetat sowie den optischen und papierchromatographischen Eigenschaften ergibt sich Identität mit den durch Abbau aus natürlichem Material gewonnenen 2-Desoxy-Nucleosiden.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 284-285 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 312-317 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird gezeigt, daß der aus Xanthohumol durch Alkali-Abbau entstehende 2-[γ.γ-Dimethyl-allyl]-phloroglucin-x-methyläther mit dem 1-Methyläther identisch sein dürfte. Die Synthese des Xanthohumol-dimethyläthers (Kondensation von 3-[γ.γ-Dimethyl-allyl]-phloracetophenon-4.6-dimethyläther mit Anisaldehyd) steht in Einklang mit der Konstitution des Xanthohumols als 4.2′.6′-Trihydroxy-4′-methoxy-3′-[γ.γ-dimethyl-allyl]-chalkon.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 326-332 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von Hexamethyldisilazan und Trimethyl-methylaminosilan mit Amiden und Hydraziden von Phosphorsäureestern tritt Heterolyse der Si-N-Bindung ein, und es entstehen Trimethylsilylamide bzw. -hydrazide der entsprechenden Phosphorsäure.  -  Monochloride von Phosphorsäureestern reagieren mit Hexamethyldisilazan ebenfalls unter Spaltung der Si-N-Bindung, während bei der Umsetzung mit Trimethyl-methylamino-silan Substitution des am N-Atom sitzenden H-Atoms ohne Spaltung der Si-N-Bindung beobachtet wird.  -  Derivate der Dichlorphosphorsäure lassen sich aus Silazan und OPCl3 gewinnen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 500-505 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Bromwasserstoff-, Hydroxylamin- und Ammoniak-Addition an α-Nitrostilbene wird beschrieben und durch sterische Zuordnung der Reaktionsprodukte der Additionsverlauf aufgeklärt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 363-374 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der Vergleich der Systeme N.N-Dimethyl-arylamin + Diacylperoxyd und Aminoxyd + Carbonsäureanhydrid trägt zur mechanistischen Klärung bei. Im letzteren System sind N-Methyl-acet-arylide und o-Acyloxy-N.N-dimethyl-arylamine die Hauptprodukte, wobei das N-Acyloxy-anilinium-Ion als Zwischenstufe angenommen wurde19). Bei der Umsetzung des N.N-Dimethyl-p-toluidins mit Dibenzoylperoxyd in Chloroform wird die „Phenolumlagerung“ lediglich durch die basenkatalysierte Entmethylierung unterdrückt; im sauren Milieu tritt sie auf.  -  Der quantitative Produktvergleich in den Systemen N.N-Dimethyl-p-chloranilin + Diacetylperoxyd und N.N-Dimethyl-p-chloranilin-oxyd + Acetanhydrid lehrt, daß die Äquivalenz nicht vollständig ist. Im ersten System existiert noch ein unabhängiger Entmethylierungsweg, an welchem Radikale beteiligt zu sein scheinen; in Styrol oder Cumol als Lösungsmittel ging die Ausbeute am Entmethylierungsprodukt zurück.
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Notes: Durch Einwirkung von Chloramin auf tertiäre Phosphine werden Phosphin-iminium-chloride, [R3PNH2]Cl, erhalten. Die Deprotonierung des Triphenylphosphin-iminium-chlorids mit Natriumamid in flüssigem Ammoniak liefert Triphenylphosphin-imin; es ist mit dem isosteren Triphenylphosphin-methylen zu vergleichen. Seine Reaktion mit polarisierbaren Sauerstoffverbindungen führt zu einem Austausch des Sauerstoffs gegen den NH-Rest; hierbei entstehen Triphenylphosphin-oxyd und die entsprechenden Iminverbindungen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 782-784 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch chlorierende Spaltung des N.N′-Dibenzoyl-cystin-diäthylesters wird das entsprechende Sulfenylchlorid erhalten, daß sich durch Anlagerung von Äthylen und anschließende Oxydation als β-Carbäthoxy-β-benzoylamino-β′-chlor-diäthylsulfon charakterisieren ließ. Wurde dagegen Cystin-diäthylester-hydrochlorid chlorierend gespalten, so entstand in guter Ausbeute L( - )-α-Amino-β-chlor-propionsäureester.
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die kinetischen Daten der Arin-Freisetzung aus Arylhalogeniden (27 Derivate des Brombenzols, 3 des Chlorbenzols, 6 Bromderivate kondensierter Systeme) befinden sich im Einklang mit der o-Metallierung als RG-bestimmendem Schritt. Die partiellen RG-Konstanten der subst. Brombenzole entsprechen der Erwartung für die aromatischen CH-Aciditäten und zeigen eine Korrelation zu den pKa-Werten subst. Pyridiniumsalze. Einige Besonderheiten bei den m-subst. Brombenzolen sowie die RG-Folge Brombenzol 〈 1-Brom- 〈 2-Brom-naphthalin 〈 9-Brom-phenanthren werden diskutiert. Die Beschleunigung der Arin-Freisetzung durch freies Piperidin hängt stark von der Natur des Arylbromids ab.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 844-849 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Addition von wasserfreiem Fluorwasserstoff an α- und β-Pinen bildet sich kein Bornylfluorid, sondern in überwiegender Menge Limonen-hydrofluorid. Methylnopinol und Pinehydrat reagieren mit Fluorwasserstoff unter Wasserabspaltung, und zwar gleichfalls zu Limonen-hydrofluorid.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 584-588 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird gezeigt, daß die seit langem bekannte Dismutation des Glyoxals zu Glykolsäure zur Darstellung von Schwermetallglykolaten verwendet werden kann. Sowohl die Hydroxyde als auch die Carbonate von Kobalt(II) und Nickel(II) werden von siedenden, wäßrigen Glyoxallösungen unter Bildung von Kobalt(II)-glykolat bzw. Nickel(II)-glykolat gelöst. Unter gleichen Bedingungen kann auch Eisen(III)-hydroxyd in Eisen(II)-glykolat übergeführt werden, wobei der Dismutation eine Reduktion von Eisen(III) durch Glyoxal vorausgeht. Der gemessene Paramagnetismus der festen Glykolate dieser Metalle zeigt, daß es sich um Anlagerungskomplexe handelt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 603-607 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Kondensation von Dihydroresorcin mit β-Brom-α-keto-buttersäure wurde 2-Methyl-4-oxo-4.5.6.7-tetrahydro-cumaron-carbonsäure-(3) erhalten. Entsprechend ergab die Kondensation mit α-Chlor-acetessigester 3-Methyl-4-oxo-4.5.6.7-tetrahydro-cumaron-carbonsäure-(2). Die Übertragung dieser Reaktion auf 1-Methyl-cyclohexandion-(3.5) lieferte 3.6-Dimethyl-4-oxo-4.5.6.7-tetrahydro-cumaron-carbonsäure-(2), die mit Cinchonidin in die optischen Antipoden gespalten wurde. Die Decarboxylierung der linksdrehenden Säure führte zum Evodon, aus dem mittels Wolff-Kishner-Reduktion Menthofuran gewonnen wurde.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 883-888 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Alkylmercapto-Δ1-pyrazolin-carbonsäure-(3)-ester, die leicht aus α-Alkylmercapto acrylsäureestern und Diazomethan entstehen, spalten schon bei Raumtemperatur Mercaptan zu Pyrazol-carbonsäure-(3)-estern, oberhalb von 50° dagegen Stickstoff ab, wobei Gemische aus 1-Alkylmercapto-cyclopropancarbonsäure-(1)-estern und α-Alkylmercapto-crotonsäureestern erhalten werden. Die aus α-Alkylmercapto-acrylnitrilen und Diazomethan erhalten Pyrazolinderivate ergeben nur die unter N2-Abspaltung verlaufende Stabilisierungsreaktion.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 921-927 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Während P4S5 bei der Umsetzung mit flüssigem Ammoniak bei -33° pro Molekel insgesamt sechs Molekeln NH3 unter Bildung der Ammoniumverbindung (NH4)3[P4S5(NH2)3] aufnimmt, werden bei der Reaktion von P4S3 entsprechend der Abnahme der Zahl der P-S-P-Bindungen unter den gleichen Bedingungen nur noch vier Molekeln Ammoniak gemäß der Bildung von (NH4)2[P4S3(NH2)2] umgesetzt. Bei 150-180° gehen etwa 60% dieser Verbindung über definierte ammoniakärmere Zwischenstufen wieder in P4S3 über:.In den übrigen 40% läßt sich durch abwechselndes Aufkondensieren von Ammoniak und Erwärmen auf 275° der Schwefel sukzessive durch NH-Gruppen ersetzen, wobei schließlich eine in flüssigem Ammoniak schwerlösliche Verbindung anfällt, die der Zusammensetzung P4(NH)3 nahekommt. Diese unterliegt oberhalb von 280°, besonders schnell oberhalb von 400°, der Disproportionierung gemäß:.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 951-962 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Addukte von Dehydrobenzol an Cyclopentadien und Furan (II und IV) sind thermisch stabil und lassen sich nicht reversibel in ihre Ausgangskomponenten aufspalten. Auf Grund der Reaktivität ihrer C=C—Bindung im Fünfring sind sie aber befähigt, ihrerseits mit Dienen im Sinne einer DIELS-ALDER-Anlagerung Umsetzungen einzugehen. Da die aus IV mit Anthracen, Pentacen, Acridin und Phenazin erhaltenen Addukte mit Acetanhydrid und Salzsäure zu Benzotriptycen VI, Tribenzotriptycen X bzw. den Iso-aza-triptycen-Derivaten XII und XIV zu dehydratisieren sind, eröffnet sich damit ein neuer Weg, Naphthalin über seine 2.3-Kohlenstoffatome mit Dien-Systemen zu verknüpfen. Abschließend wird über eine schon bei Raumtemperatur vor sich gehende Anlagerung von IV an 2.5-Diphenyl-3.4-benzofuran berichtet.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 974-978 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mit Hilfe der Dien-Synthese konnte gezeigt werden, daß, entgegen den bisherigen Beobachtungen, bei der Dehydratation von Linalool neben Myrcen zu etwa 40% Ocimen gebildet wird.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 981-987 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Untersuchung der Inhaltsstoffe von Aethusa cynapium L.  -  der Hundspetersilie  -  hat 3 neue Polyine, das Aethusin(I), den sekundären Alkohol Aethusanol A (IV) und den primären Alkohol Aethusanol B(VII) ergeben. Die Konstitution der Verbindungen wird durch Abbau und ihre spektralen Daten geklärt sowie durch Synthese gesichert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 658-662 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Reduktion von D-Glucuron mit Natriumamalgam entsteht außer D-Glucose und L-Gulose als Hauptprodukt die bisher unbekannte D-gluco-Hexodialdose. Nach chromatographischer Abtrennung wird die Dialdose kristallisiert als Monohydrat erhalten. Einige ihrer Reaktionen und Derivate werden beschrieben. Die Dialdose wird von Hefe nicht vergoren.  -  Die zur Amalgam-Reduktion von Onsäure-lactonen optimale Acidität wird zweckmäßig (statt durch Zugaben von Schwefelsäure) durch Pufferung mit Natriumhydrogenoxalat eingehalten.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1013-1020 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus dem Verhalten der 2-Fluor-Derivate der D-Fructose〈2.6〉 und denen der 1-Methyl-D-fructose〈2.6〉 ergibt sich, daß in den stark negativ drehenden Derivaten die Substituenten an C-2 in cis-Stellung zur Hydroxylgruppe an C-3 und bei den schwach negativ oder positiv drehenden die Substituenten an C-2 in trans-Stellung zu dieser Gruppe stehen. Da für die furanoiden Zuckerderivate die Drehungsrichtungen der α- und der β-Formen analog denen der pyranoiden sind, muß demgemäß für den Rohrzucker (Saccharose) die cis-Stellung des α-D-Glucosyl-Restes zum C-3-Hydroxyl der Fructose-Komponente als bewiesen angesehen werden.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 834-843 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden die folgenden neuen Verbindungen beschrieben: Na(K)[PO2(OC6H5)(N2H3)] Alkali-hydrazidophenylphosphat, Na(K)[PO2(OC7H7)(N2H3)] Alkali-hydrazidobenzylphosphat, H[PO2(OC7H7)(N2H3)] Hydrazidophosphorsäure-monobenzylester, PO(OC7H7)2(N2H3) Hydrazidophosphorsäure-dibenzylester, Na2PO3(N2H3) Natriumhydrazidophosphat, NaPO2(N2H3)2 Natriumdihydrazidophosphat, OP(N2H3)3 Phosphoryltrihydrazid, außerdem die Acetonhydrazone von Hydrazidophosphorsäure-dibenzylester, Dihydrazidophosphorsäure-phenylester und von Phosphoryltrihydrazid sowie das Chlorid des Hydrazidophosphorsäure-diphenylesters. Einfachere bzw. bessere Vorschriften zur Darstellung von symm. Hydrazindiphosphorsäure-tetraphenylester, Hydrazidophosphorsäure-monophenylester und Dihydrazidophosphorsäure-phenylester werden mitgeteilt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 866-872 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Michael-Addition aktiver Methylenverbindungen an Acrylnitril in nichtwäßrigem Medium verläft mit katalyt. Mengen starker Base als pseudomonomolekulare Reaktion. Für die Cyanäthylierung aller untersuchten aktiven Methylenverbindungen I-VI wurde die gleiche Aktivierungsenergie von 10 ± 0.7 kcal/Mol gefunden.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 896-901 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die durch Einwirkung von N-Brom-succinimid auf p-Bromphenacyl-aryl(alkyl)-sulfide in α-Stellung bromierten Verbindungen bilden mit Thiourethan 5-[Aryl-(alkyl)-mercapto]-thiazolone-(2). Über die Rhodanide sind 5-Arylmercapto-thiazolone-(2) auch nach HANTZSCH zugänglich.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 913-920 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die über die acylierten 1-Morpholino-cyclopentene-(1) erhältlichen 2-Acyl-cyclopentanone lassen sich durch Alkali zu δ-Acyl-valeriansäuren aufspalten, die glatt durch Hydrazinhydrat reduziert werden. Auf diesem Wege werden Carbonsäurechloride mit 50-60% d. Th. um 5 C-Atome, Dicarbonsäure-ester-chloride mit etwa 40% d. Th. um 5 C-Atome und Dicarbonsäure-dichloride mit mindestens 8 C-Atomen mit etwa 40% d. Th. um 10 C-Atome verlängert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 944-950 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Versuche, Dehydrobenzol in einer Diels-Alder-Reaktion an Acridin zum Azatriptycen (I) anzulagern, ergaben nicht das erwartete Resultat. Man isolierte 4-Phenyl-acridin (IV) und Reduktionsprodukte des Acridins sowie des N-Phenyl-acridons, deren Bildungsweise gedeutet wird. Abschließend erörterte Varianten mit o-Silber-fluorbenzol und Acridiniumderivaten führten ebenfalls nicht zum Ziel.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 963-974 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 5-Nitrosamino-1.2.4-thiodiazole geben beim Stehenlassen oder Erhitzen in Wasser oder Alkoholen in einer allgemeinen, säurekatalysierten Reaktion Diazoamino-thiodiazole (Triazene). Unter besonderen Bedingungen können daneben oder stattdessen Azoxy-thiodiazol, Hydroxy-thiodiazol, und  -  bei Benzol als Lösungsmittel  -  Phenyl-thiodiazol entstehen. Durch Umsetzungen dieser Art in Gegenwart von verschiedenen Amino-thiodiazolen und anschließende qualitative und quantitative Analyse der gebildeten Triazene wurde bewiesen, daß die Reaktion zwischen zwei Molekülen Nitrosamin, nicht zwischen Nitrosamin und Amin stattfindet. Glatte Bildung von Triazen erfolgte ferner bei der Umsetzung von Diazoäther mit Nitrosamin.  -  Einige Eigenschaften der weitgehend säurebeständigen und kupplungsunfähigen Diazoamino-thiodiazole werden beschrieben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 998-1005 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Darstellung und Eigenschaften der im Titel genannten Verbindungsklasse mit einer bzw. zwei Vinylgruppen werden beschrieben und die Ergebnisse ihrer UV-spektroskopischen Untersuchung diskutiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1033-1042 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Während sich Acyl-lactone mit Alkohol/H⊕ zu sauerstoffhaltigen Heterocyclen umlagern lassen, reagieren 4-[1-Hydroxy-alkyliden]-oxazolone-(5)(α-Acylazlactone) meist unter Ringöffnung zu α-Acylamino-acylessigsäure-estern. Die Cyclisierung dieser Ester zu Oxazol-carbonsäuren-(4) gelingt in guten Ausbeuten durch Behandeln mit Thionylchlorid oder Acetanhydrid/konz. Schwefelsäure und anschließende alkalische Verseifung. Die UV-Spektren der untersuchten Verbindungen werden angegeben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1047-1052 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei den „isomeren“ Gluconsäurenitrilen von P. E. PAPADAKIS und H. J. COHEN handelt es sich um ein und dieselbe Substanz. Das aus Eisessig erhaltene Nitril schmilzt höher und „mutarotiert“ nicht, weil es durch Spuren von Säure stabilisiert ist. Die anomale zeitliche Änderung der Drehung von Gluconsäurenitril in wäßriger Lösung wird durch den Ablauf zweier Reaktionen erklärt: einerseits wird das Nitril irreversibel über das Amid zu Ammoniumgluconat verseift; anderseits dissoziiert das Nitril reversibel in Arabinose und HCN.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1253-1256 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird eine neue, einfache Methode zur Herstellung von 2.6-Diphenyl-pyrylium-perchlorat durch Einwirkung von Perchlorsäure auf 1.5-Diphenyl-pentin-(1)-en-(3)-on-(5), das durch Kondensation von Phenylpropargylaldehyd und Acetophenon leicht zugänglich ist, angegeben. Das Perchlorat ergibt bei der Einwirkung von Natriumhydrogencarbonat-Lösung ein kristallines Kondensationsprodukt aus 2 Molekeln der primär entstandenen Pseudobase.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1125-1128 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Schutz der phenolischen Hydroxygruppe im m- und p-Kresol durch die Benzolsulfonylgruppe sowie der Aminogruppe im m- und p-Toluidin durch den Phthalylrest ermöglicht die Selendioxyd-Oxydation der Methylgruppe dieser Verbindungen zur Aldehyd- und Carboxylfunktion in wechselndem Verhältnis.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1143-1147 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die α-1-Fluor-D-mannose(I) kann bei der Behandlung mit konz. wäßrigem Alkali aus sterischen Gründen kein Anhydrid bilden. Statt dessen reagiert das intermediär gebildete D-Mannosan α〈1.5〉β〈1.2〉 (II) mit α- und β-D-Mannose unter Bildung von α.α- und α.β-1.1-Dimannose (VI und VII), zwei Disacchariden vom Trehalosetyp. Darüber hinaus bilden sich durch weitere Reaktionen von II mit VI und VII Oligosaccharide verschiedenen Polymerisationsgrades, von denen bisher ein Trisaccharid isoliert wurde.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1184-1193 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Kondensation von Dicarbonylverbindungen und o-Amino-phenol entstehen zunächst Bis-benzoxazolyle, welche sich unter dem Einfluß von Metallsalzen oder Alkalien in die Hydroxyanile umlagern und Metallkomplexe bilden. Während mit Schwermetallsalzen des Kupfers, Kobalts, Urans, Nickels die Umlagerung und Komplexbildung schon in saurem Medium verläuft, werden Erdalkalikomplexe nur gebildet, wenn vorher die Umlagerung zu den isomeren Hydroxyanilen in alkalischem Medium ausgeführt wird. Mittels IR-Spektren, UV-Spektren und Hydrierungen wird die Oxazolin-Hydroxyanil-Umlagerung einiger Komplexbildner studiert.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1171-1183 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden Auswahlregeln und spektrale Erwartungen für die Normalschwingungen der Molekülgerüste von Mono-, Di- und Tri-cyclopentadienyl-Metall-Verbindungen verschiedener Strukturen und eine Reihe von Spektren im langwelligen Infrarot beschrieben. Diese werden diskutiert und dabei für die kovalenten Typen ungefähre Kraftkonstanten der Metall-Ring-Bindung angegeben.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1212-1219 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Während am C-Atom 1 substituierte und am Enol-Sauerstoff alkylierte Cyclopentanon-o-carbonsäureester mit Aldehyden nicht kondensiert werden können, setzen sich unsubstituierte oder in 4.5-Stellung substituierte Ester glatt mit Benzaldehyd, Anisaldehyd und Zimtaldehyd um, wobei Kondensation am C-Atom 3 erfolgt.  -  Erstmalig wird die freie β-Ketosäure von I als Enol isoliert; sie ist beständiger als bisher angenommen wurde.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1433-1446 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der säurekatalysierten, alkalischen und thermischen Umlagerung 3.3-disubstituierter Pyrazolenine in Pyrazole handelt es sich  -  soweit die Wanderung des Substituenten an das C-Atom 4 erfolgt  -  um eine Sextettumlagerung. Dies folgt aus dem Vergleich der Wanderungsgeschwindigkeit verschiedener Substituenten.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1085-1088 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Anwendung der Kolbe-Schmittschen Reaktion in der Modifikation von Marasse auf o-Hydroxyaryl-alkyl-ketone erhält man 4-Hydroxy-cumarine in guten Ausbeuten. Über die Reaktionsbedingungen und ihre Grenzen wird berichtet.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1269-1271 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das 5-Hydroxy-8-methoxy-7.4′-dibenzyloxy-isoflavon (V) wird zum 7.4′-Dibenzyl-tectorigenin (VI) umgelagert. Aus diesem läßt sich das Tectorigenin (II) durch Kafalytische Entbenzylierung erhalten.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1272-1273 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Kondensation von 6-Hydroxy-cumaranon-(3)-β-D-glucosid-(6)-tetraacetat mit Protocatechualdehyd-β-D-glucosid-(3)-pentaacetat in Gegenwart von Acetanhydrid führte zum 6-Hydroxy-2-[3′-hydroxy-4′-acetoxy-benzal]-cumaranon-(3)-di-β-D- glucosid-(6.3′)-octaacetat. Das durch ZEMPLÉNSche Verseifung daraus gewonnene Benzalcumaranon-diglucosid erwies sich als in jeder Hinsicht identisch mit dem Palasitrin aus den Blüten von Butea frondosa.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1305-1309 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung von Aminalen oder α-Dialkylamino-äthern mit Carbonsäurehalogeniden in indifferenten Lösungsmitteln bei Raumtemperatur erhält man α-halogenierte Amine in meist ausgezeichneter Ausbeute und hervorragender Reinheit.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1518-1525 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Sonderstellung des 2-Amino-4.5-trimethylen-thiazols (IV) gegenüber Derivaten mit größerem carbocyclischem Ring wird untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, daß in dem schon beschriebenen Hydrat von IV das Wasser unter Aufhebung des Thiazolsystems chemisch gebunden ist. Die Struktur des Adduktes entspricht einem bisher unbekannten Zwischenprodukt der Thiazolringsynthese. Seine wahrscheinliche Bildungsweise wird besprochen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1559-1565 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyan-thioacetamid (I) liefert mit β-Diketonen in ausgezeichneter Ausbeute α-Thiopyridone, die bisher nur auf Umwegen zugänglich waren. Diketone kondensieren mit Cyan-thioacetamid zwanzigmal rascher als mit Cyanacetamid zu Pyridinderivaten.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1541-1552 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei geeigneter Arbeitsweise erhält man aus Methylamin, Nitrosylchlorid und Kaliumäthylat das reine stabile Kalium-methyldiazotat, das ein vorzügliches Methylierungsmittel darstellt, es ist sozusagen ein „stabilisiertes Diazomethan“. Als Primärprodukt dieser Reaktion wird mittels UV-Spektrums Monomethylnitrosamin nachgewiesen. Dieses ist instabil und existiert nur bei tiefen Temperaturen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1725-1732 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Schmidt-Abbau, anschließende Verseifung und Papierchromatographie der erhaltenen Amine kann man stellungsisomere Carbonylverbindungen nebeneinander nachweisen. Wenn man den Schmidt-Abbau der Carbonylverbindungen mit der äquivalenten Menge an Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure und bei niederen Temperaturen durchführt, stören dabei Alkohole nicht. Bei höheren Temperaturen werden sekundäre und primäre Alkohole und auch Olefine unter gleichzeitiger Isomerisierung zu Schiffschen Basen abgebaut. Mittels dieser Methode wurde bestätigt, daß im Temperaturbereich um 130° der Sauerstoff-Angriff auf n-Heptan, n-Nonan und n-Octadecan statistisch erfolgt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1751-1758 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die piperidinkatalysierte Kondensation von 3.4.5-Trimethoxy-benzaldehyd mit Cyanessigsäure führt zu den cis-trans-isomeren 3.4.5-Trimethoxy-α-cyanzimtsäuren, die entweder durch Decarboxylierung 3.4.5-Trimethoxy-trans-zimtsäure-nitril geben oder mit weiterer Cyanessigsäure zu β-[3.4.5-Trimethoxyphenyl]-glutarsäure-dinitril reagieren.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1733-1740 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die vier isomeren Ketocapronsäure-äthylester wurden dem Schmidt-Abbau unterworfen. Die Abbauprodukte wurden papierchromatographisch getrennt und identifiziert.  -  n-Capronsäure-methylester wurde bei 130° autoxydiert, die Oxocapronsäure-methylester wie oben abgebaut. Es konnte eine α-, eine γ- und eine δ-Oxydation nachgewiesen werden. Daß auch eine β-Oxydation stattfindet, ergab sich aus dem Nachweis von Methyl-n-propylketon.  -  Die Versuche zeigen, daß der Sauerstoffangriff auf die Ester normalkettiger Carbonsäuren ungefähr statistisch an allen sekundären C - H-Bindungen erfolgt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1769-1773 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Höher substituierte Derivate des Tolans, der Terphenyl- und der Quinquiphenylreihe wurden durch Diensynthese mit guten Ausbeuten dargestellt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1597-1608 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: D-Glucuron-mercaptale werden in gut kristallisierte 2.4.5-Tribenzoyl-D-glucuron-mercaptale übergeführt. Daraus gewinnt man durch Abspalten von Mercaptan das 2.4.5-Tribenzoyl-al-D-glucuron, das als p-Nitro-phenylhydrazon charakterisiert wird. Durch Behandeln der D-Glucuron-mercaptale mit Benzaldehyd und Chlorwasserstoff erhält man 2.4-Benzyliden-D-glucuron-mercaptale, die durch Reduktion mit LiBH4 2.4-Benzyliden-D-glucose-mercaptale, durch Abspalten von Mercaptan das 2.4-Benzyliden-D-glucuron ergeben. Letzteres läßt sich mit LiBH4 zum 2.4-Benzyliden-D-sorbit reduzieren. Durch Behandeln der D-Glucuron-mercaptale mit Acetaldehyd und Chlorwasserstoff gewinnt man 2.4-Äthyliden-D-glucuron-mercaptale. Daraus kann man in Analogie zu den entsprechenden Benzylidenverbindungen die 2.4-Äthyliden-D-glucose-mercaptale und das 2.4-Äthyliden-D-glucuron gewinnen, dessen Struktur durch Überführen in den 1.3.5.6-Tetraacetyl-2.4-äthyliden-D-sorbit bewiesen wird.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1956-1960 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus den Samen von Lupinus polyphillus L. haben wir neben den bereits bekannten Alkaloiden Lupanin (I) und Hydroxy-lupanin (II) zwei neue Verbindungen isoliert und deren Struktur aufgeklärt. Die eine Verbindung ist offensichtlich identisch mit dem auch von F. GALINOVSKY und Mitarbb. isolierten, als „Angustifolin“ bezeichneten Alkaloid. Die Struktur des Angustifolins ist biogenetisch interessant, da es durch Kondensation mit Formaldehyd in Pufferlösung in Epi-hydroxy-lupanin übergeführt werden kann. Daraus folgt eindeutig die Struktur III für das neue Alkaloid. Bei der zweiten Verbindung handelt es sich um 17-Oxo-lupanin.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2001-2010 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyanacetamid, Cyanessigester oder Malodinitril bilden mit Aziden 1.2.3-Triazole, die zur ortho-Kondensation befähigt sind. Die o-Amino-carbonsäureamide und -ester dieser Triazole lassen sich mit Formamid oder Orthoameisensäureester zu 1.2.3-Triazolo[5.4-d]pyrimidinen umsetzen.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2054-2057 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden eine Reihe von Reaktionen, ausgehend von dem durch Kondensation von Adamantan-carbonsäure-(1)-chlorid mit Äthoxymagnesium-malonester leicht zugänglichen β-[Adamantyl-(1)]-β-oxo-propionsäure-äthylester, beschrieben.
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  • 87
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2057-2062 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die in alkalischer Lösung verlaufende, intramolekulare Disproportionierung von Phenylglyoxal, dessen Wasserstoff in der Aldehydgruppe durch Deuterium ersetzt ist, erfolgt ausschließlich unter intramolekularer Verschiebung des Deuteriums an das C-Atom 2 der entstehenden Mandelsäure. Eine in alkalischen Lösungen von Phenylglyoxal zu beobachtende polarographische Oxydationsstufe wird in Anlehung an den Hydridionen-Verschiebungsmechanismus der Disproportionierungsreaktion als Umladung der Hydridionen zu Protonen gedeutet. Die entsprechende Oxydationsstufe bei anorganischen Hydriden wurde beim Natriumborhydrid gefunden.
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  • 88
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1840-1848 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Diazoalkane werden durch katalytische Mengen Nickelcarbonyl zersetzt. Die Reaktionsprodukte sind identisch mit denen der Zersetzung der Diazoalkane durch elektrophile Katalysatoren. Bringt man jedoch Diazoalkane mit überschüssigem Nickelcarbonyl zur Reaktion, so gelingt es, Carbonylierungsprodukte der Carbene, also Ketene bzw. deren Folgeprodukte, in guten Ausbeuten zu isolieren. Das intermediäre Auftreten von Nickelcarbonyl-Carben-Komplexen wird angenommen.
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  • 89
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1870-1877 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acetylen und monosubstituierte Alkine werden an die Carbonylgruppe von Xanthon, Thioxanthon und Thioxanthon-S-dioxyd angelagert. Die analoge Reaktion von Alkinolen mit Xanthon führt zu den entsprechenden Alkindiolen. Weiterhin wird die Umsetzung des Lithiumsalzes von 3-Dimethylamino-pro-pin-(1) mit Xanthon und Thioxanthon zu phenothiazinanalogen Verbindungen beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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  • 90
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1899-1902 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Synthese von 4″-Vinyl- und 4″-Propenyl-malachitgrün beschrieben. Die sichtbaren und IR-Spektren der beiden Derivate werden mit denen des Malachitgrüns verglichen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 91
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1937-1944 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Untersuchung zahlreicher Arten der einzelnen Gattungen des Tribus Anthemideae L. wurden einige neue Polyine isoliert. Artemisia-Arten sowie auch einige Chrysanthemum- und Cladanthus-Arten enthalten ein optisch aktives Polyinepoxyd (VII), dessen Konstitution eindeutig gesichert wird. Dieses Epoxyd kommt gemeinsam mit zahlreichen anderen Verbindungen auch in Tanacetum vulgare L. vor. Einige weitere Tanacetum-Polyine werden ebenfalls konstitutionell geklärt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 92
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1961-1967 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Darstellung der beiden epimeren 3-Amino-friedelane und einiger ihrer Derivate aus Friedelin beschrieben und ihre sterische Zuordnung durchgeführt.
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  • 93
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1975-1982 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Epoxyde lagern sich an Isocyanate zu substituierten Oxazolidonen-(2) an. Anstelle der Epoxyde lassen sich auch die cyclischen Carbonate und Sulfite von 1.2-Diolen verwenden.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 94
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1989-1998 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Im Rahmen von Untersuchungen über Beziehungen zwischen Steroiden und krebserzeugenden Verbindungen interessieren Aminoanaloge natürlicher Östrogene, von denen bisher die 3-Aminoanalogen von Equilin, Östradiol, Östron und 4-Methyl-östradiol dargestellt worden sind. In dieser Arbeit wird die Darstellung des 2-Aminoanalogen von 4-Methyl-Δ1.3.5(10)-östratriendiol-(2.17β) und dieser Verbindung selbst beschrieben.
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  • 95
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2024-2028 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ausgehend von 4-Cyanmethyl-indol wurde eine Reihe 3.4-disubstituierter Indolderivate hergestellt.
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  • 96
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2089-2097 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Versuche, durch Umsetzung von Bisbiphenylchrom(0) mit Eisenpentacarbonyl zu Chromcarbonylen zu gelangen, führten ohne Substitution der Aromatenliganden zur Bildung des salzartigen Bisbiphenylchrom(I)-tridecacarbonyltetraferrats [C6H5C6H5)2Cr]2[Fe4(CO)13]. Zusatz von Aktivatoren wie AlCl3 und BF3 hatte ohne Beteiligung des Eisenpentacarbonyls lediglich die Entstehung von (C6H5C6H5)2CrAlCl4 bzw. (C6H5C6H5)2CrBF4 zur Folge. (C6H5C6H5)2Cr0 hatte somit stets nur unter Elektronenabgabe reagiert.
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  • 97
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2282-2284 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch katalytische Hydrierung von Acetamino-[4-amino-Δ2-butenyl]-malonsäure-diäthylester-hydrochlorid mit Tritium und anschließende Hydrolyse wurde DL-Lysin-[4.5-T2]-dihydrochlorid dargestellt.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2308-2313 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die leicht zugänglichen Diester von Aminomethylphosphonsäuren sind mit Natron- bzw. Kalilauge zu den Monoestern verseifbar. So wurden hergestellt die Monoäthyl- und Monobutylester der N.N-Diäthyl-aminomethylphosphonsäure, der Monoäthylester der α-Äthylamino-benzylphosphonsäure, ferner die Monoäthyl- und Monooctylester der α-Anilino-benzylphosphonsäure und ihre Eigenschaften beschrieben. Die N-Alkylderivate liegen als Betaine vor, ihre wäßrigen Lösungen sind neutral und sie geben keine Metallsalze. Die N-Arylderivate sind Säuren, die stabile Metallsalze bilden.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 1722-1725 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acetylen addiert in Gegenwart von Aluminiumbromid leicht Brommethylalkyl-äther zu Alkyl-[3-brom-allyl]-äthern. Brommethyl-äthyl-äther und Aluminiumchlorid bzw. Chlormethyl-äthyl-äther und Aluminiumbromid ergeben, mit Acetylen umgesetzt, jeweils ein Gemisch von Äthyl-[3-brom-allyl]- und Äthyl-[3-chlor-allyl]-äther, was mit der Annahme eines ionischen Reaktionsablaufs vereinbar ist.
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    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2149-2151 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die als dimeres Thiofluorenon (vgl. I) formulierte Verbindung liefert in der Wärme Rubicen (II). Aus α.β-Bis-biphenylen-äthylen entsteht mit Raney-Nickel Bifluorenyl-(9.9′) und Fluoren (Spaltung einer Äthylenbindung).
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