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  • 1
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    Genotype, haplotype and copy-number variation in worldwide human populations (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-02-22
    Description: Genome-wide patterns of variation across individuals provide a powerful source of data for uncovering the history of migration, range expansion, and adaptation of the human species. However, high-resolution surveys of variation in genotype, haplotype and copy number have generally focused on a small number of population groups. Here we report the analysis of high-quality genotypes at 525,910 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 396 copy-number-variable loci in a worldwide sample of 29 populations. Analysis of SNP genotypes yields strongly supported fine-scale inferences about population structure. Increasing linkage disequilibrium is observed with increasing geographic distance from Africa, as expected under a serial founder effect for the out-of-Africa spread of human populations. New approaches for haplotype analysis produce inferences about population structure that complement results based on unphased SNPs. Despite a difference from SNPs in the frequency spectrum of the copy-number variants (CNVs) detected--including a comparatively large number of CNVs in previously unexamined populations from Oceania and the Americas--the global distribution of CNVs largely accords with population structure analyses for SNP data sets of similar size. Our results produce new inferences about inter-population variation, support the utility of CNVs in human population-genetic research, and serve as a genomic resource for human-genetic studies in diverse worldwide populations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jakobsson, Mattias -- Scholz, Sonja W -- Scheet, Paul -- Gibbs, J Raphael -- VanLiere, Jenna M -- Fung, Hon-Chung -- Szpiech, Zachary A -- Degnan, James H -- Wang, Kai -- Guerreiro, Rita -- Bras, Jose M -- Schymick, Jennifer C -- Hernandez, Dena G -- Traynor, Bryan J -- Simon-Sanchez, Javier -- Matarin, Mar -- Britton, Angela -- van de Leemput, Joyce -- Rafferty, Ian -- Bucan, Maja -- Cann, Howard M -- Hardy, John A -- Rosenberg, Noah A -- Singleton, Andrew B -- G0701075/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MR/K01417X/1/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Feb 21;451(7181):998-1003. doi: 10.1038/nature06742.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Computational Medicine and Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18288195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Alleles ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2/genetics ; Gene Dosage/*genetics ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; Genetics, Population ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; *Geography ; Haplotypes/*genetics ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    A smarter way to combat hunger (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanchez, Pedro A -- England -- Nature. 2009 Mar 12;458(7235):148. doi: 10.1038/458148a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Earth Institute at Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, New York 10964, USA. psanchez@ei.columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19279615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture/economics/methods ; Food/economics ; Humans ; *Hunger ; *International Cooperation ; *Public Policy ; United Nations
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Environmental science. Digital soil map of the world (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanchez, Pedro A -- Ahamed, Sonya -- Carre, Florence -- Hartemink, Alfred E -- Hempel, Jonathan -- Huising, Jeroen -- Lagacherie, Philippe -- McBratney, Alex B -- McKenzie, Neil J -- Mendonca-Santos, Maria de Lourdes -- Minasny, Budiman -- Montanarella, Luca -- Okoth, Peter -- Palm, Cheryl A -- Sachs, Jeffrey D -- Shepherd, Keith D -- Vagen, Tor-Gunnar -- Vanlauwe, Bernard -- Walsh, Markus G -- Winowiecki, Leigh A -- Zhang, Gan-Lin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Aug 7;325(5941):680-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1175084.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Earth Institute at Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA. psanchez@ei.columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19661405" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Climate ; *Databases, Factual ; *Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Humans ; *Soil/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    The genome sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiologic agent of Chagas disease (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-07-16
    Description: Whole-genome sequencing of the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi revealed that the diploid genome contains a predicted 22,570 proteins encoded by genes, of which 12,570 represent allelic pairs. Over 50% of the genome consists of repeated sequences, such as retrotransposons and genes for large families of surface molecules, which include trans-sialidases, mucins, gp63s, and a large novel family (〉1300 copies) of mucin-associated surface protein (MASP) genes. Analyses of the T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania major (Tritryp) genomes imply differences from other eukaryotes in DNA repair and initiation of replication and reflect their unusual mitochondrial DNA. Although the Tritryp lack several classes of signaling molecules, their kinomes contain a large and diverse set of protein kinases and phosphatases; their size and diversity imply previously unknown interactions and regulatory processes, which may be targets for intervention.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉El-Sayed, Najib M -- Myler, Peter J -- Bartholomeu, Daniella C -- Nilsson, Daniel -- Aggarwal, Gautam -- Tran, Anh-Nhi -- Ghedin, Elodie -- Worthey, Elizabeth A -- Delcher, Arthur L -- Blandin, Gaelle -- Westenberger, Scott J -- Caler, Elisabet -- Cerqueira, Gustavo C -- Branche, Carole -- Haas, Brian -- Anupama, Atashi -- Arner, Erik -- Aslund, Lena -- Attipoe, Philip -- Bontempi, Esteban -- Bringaud, Frederic -- Burton, Peter -- Cadag, Eithon -- Campbell, David A -- Carrington, Mark -- Crabtree, Jonathan -- Darban, Hamid -- da Silveira, Jose Franco -- de Jong, Pieter -- Edwards, Kimberly -- Englund, Paul T -- Fazelina, Gholam -- Feldblyum, Tamara -- Ferella, Marcela -- Frasch, Alberto Carlos -- Gull, Keith -- Horn, David -- Hou, Lihua -- Huang, Yiting -- Kindlund, Ellen -- Klingbeil, Michele -- Kluge, Sindy -- Koo, Hean -- Lacerda, Daniela -- Levin, Mariano J -- Lorenzi, Hernan -- Louie, Tin -- Machado, Carlos Renato -- McCulloch, Richard -- McKenna, Alan -- Mizuno, Yumi -- Mottram, Jeremy C -- Nelson, Siri -- Ochaya, Stephen -- Osoegawa, Kazutoyo -- Pai, Grace -- Parsons, Marilyn -- Pentony, Martin -- Pettersson, Ulf -- Pop, Mihai -- Ramirez, Jose Luis -- Rinta, Joel -- Robertson, Laura -- Salzberg, Steven L -- Sanchez, Daniel O -- Seyler, Amber -- Sharma, Reuben -- Shetty, Jyoti -- Simpson, Anjana J -- Sisk, Ellen -- Tammi, Martti T -- Tarleton, Rick -- Teixeira, Santuza -- Van Aken, Susan -- Vogt, Christy -- Ward, Pauline N -- Wickstead, Bill -- Wortman, Jennifer -- White, Owen -- Fraser, Claire M -- Stuart, Kenneth D -- Andersson, Bjorn -- AI045039/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI45038/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI45061/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI031077/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI031077-11/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI045038/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U01 AI045039/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jul 15;309(5733):409-15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Parasite Genomics, Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. nelsayed@tigr.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16020725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chagas Disease/drug therapy/parasitology ; DNA Repair ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; DNA, Protozoan/genetics ; Genes, Protozoan ; *Genome, Protozoan ; Humans ; Meiosis ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/physiology ; Multigene Family ; Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Retroelements ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Signal Transduction ; Telomere/genetics ; Trypanocidal Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Trypanosoma cruzi/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    National character does not reflect mean personality trait levels in 49 cultures (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-08
    Description: Most people hold beliefs about personality characteristics typical of members of their own and others' cultures. These perceptions of national character may be generalizations from personal experience, stereotypes with a "kernel of truth," or inaccurate stereotypes. We obtained national character ratings of 3989 people from 49 cultures and compared them with the average personality scores of culture members assessed by observer ratings and self-reports. National character ratings were reliable but did not converge with assessed traits. Perceptions of national character thus appear to be unfounded stereotypes that may serve the function of maintaining a national identity.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2775052/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2775052/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Terracciano, A -- Abdel-Khalek, A M -- Adam, N -- Adamovova, L -- Ahn, C-k -- Ahn, H-n -- Alansari, B M -- Alcalay, L -- Allik, J -- Angleitner, A -- Avia, M D -- Ayearst, L E -- Barbaranelli, C -- Beer, A -- Borg-Cunen, M A -- Bratko, D -- Brunner-Sciarra, M -- Budzinski, L -- Camart, N -- Dahourou, D -- De Fruyt, F -- de Lima, M P -- del Pilar, G E H -- Diener, E -- Falzon, R -- Fernando, K -- Fickova, E -- Fischer, R -- Flores-Mendoza, C -- Ghayur, M A -- Gulgoz, S -- Hagberg, B -- Halberstadt, J -- Halim, M S -- Hrebickova, M -- Humrichouse, J -- Jensen, H H -- Jocic, D D -- Jonsson, F H -- Khoury, B -- Klinkosz, W -- Knezevic, G -- Lauri, M A -- Leibovich, N -- Martin, T A -- Marusic, I -- Mastor, K A -- Matsumoto, D -- McRorie, M -- Meshcheriakov, B -- Mortensen, E L -- Munyae, M -- Nagy, J -- Nakazato, K -- Nansubuga, F -- Oishi, S -- Ojedokun, A O -- Ostendorf, F -- Paulhus, D L -- Pelevin, S -- Petot, J-M -- Podobnik, N -- Porrata, J L -- Pramila, V S -- Prentice, G -- Realo, A -- Reategui, N -- Rolland, J-P -- Rossier, J -- Ruch, W -- Rus, V S -- Sanchez-Bernardos, M L -- Schmidt, V -- Sciculna-Calleja, S -- Sekowski, A -- Shakespeare-Finch, J -- Shimonaka, Y -- Simonetti, F -- Sineshaw, T -- Siuta, J -- Smith, P B -- Trapnell, P D -- Trobst, K K -- Wang, L -- Yik, M -- Zupancic, A -- McCrae, R R -- Z99 AG999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA AG000180-25/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA AG000180-26/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):96-100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute on Aging, NIH, DHHS, Gerontology Research Center, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. terraccianoa@grc.nia.nih.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16210536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; *Character ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; *Culture ; *Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Personality ; Personality Assessment ; Reproducibility of Results ; Social Perception ; Stereotyping ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Public health. Cutting world hunger in half (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sanchez, Pedro A -- Swaminathan, M S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):357-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Earth Institute at Columbia University, New York, NY 10964, USA. sanchez@iri.columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15661994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Commerce ; *Global Health ; Humans ; *Hunger ; Income ; International Cooperation ; Malnutrition/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Politics ; Poverty/prevention & control ; *Public Health ; Public Policy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    The influence of CCL3L1 gene-containing segmental duplications on HIV-1/AIDS susceptibility (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-08
    Description: Segmental duplications in the human genome are selectively enriched for genes involved in immunity, although the phenotypic consequences for host defense are unknown. We show that there are significant interindividual and interpopulation differences in the copy number of a segmental duplication encompassing the gene encoding CCL3L1 (MIP-1alphaP), a potent human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-suppressive chemokine and ligand for the HIV coreceptor CCR5. Possession of a CCL3L1 copy number lower than the population average is associated with markedly enhanced HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) susceptibility. This susceptibility is even greater in individuals who also possess disease-accelerating CCR5 genotypes. This relationship between CCL3L1 dose and altered HIV/AIDS susceptibility points to a central role for CCL3L1 in HIV/AIDS pathogenesis and indicates that differences in the dose of immune response genes may constitute a genetic basis for variable responses to infectious diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonzalez, Enrique -- Kulkarni, Hemant -- Bolivar, Hector -- Mangano, Andrea -- Sanchez, Racquel -- Catano, Gabriel -- Nibbs, Robert J -- Freedman, Barry I -- Quinones, Marlon P -- Bamshad, Michael J -- Murthy, Krishna K -- Rovin, Brad H -- Bradley, William -- Clark, Robert A -- Anderson, Stephanie A -- O'connell, Robert J -- Agan, Brian K -- Ahuja, Seema S -- Bologna, Rosa -- Sen, Luisa -- Dolan, Matthew J -- Ahuja, Sunil K -- AI043279/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI046326/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- MH069270/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Mar 4;307(5714):1434-40. Epub 2005 Jan 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Veterans Administration Research Center for AIDS and HIV-1 Infection, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, and Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637236" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Chemokines, CC/*genetics/metabolism ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Continental Population Groups/genetics ; Disease Progression ; Ethnic Groups/genetics ; Female ; *Gene Dosage ; *Gene Duplication ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; HIV Infections/epidemiology/*genetics/*immunology/virology ; *HIV-1/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pan troglodytes/genetics ; Phenotype ; Public Health ; Receptors, CCR5/genetics/metabolism ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    AIDS. Promote HIV chemoprophylaxis research, don't prevent it (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grant, Robert M -- Buchbinder, Susan -- Cates, Willard Jr -- Clarke, Edith -- Coates, Thomas -- Cohen, Myron S -- Delaney, Martin -- Flores, Guiselly -- Goicochea, Pedro -- Gonsalves, Gregg -- Harrington, Mark -- Lama, Javier R -- MacQueen, Kathleen M -- Moore, John P -- Peterson, Leigh -- Sanchez, Jorge -- Thompson, Melanie -- Wainberg, Mark A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Sep 30;309(5744):2170-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA. rgrant@itsa.ucsf.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16195446" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/economics/therapeutic use ; Africa ; Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects/economics/*therapeutic use ; Asia ; Consumer Participation ; *Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic/standards ; Counseling ; Developing Countries ; Drug Costs ; Female ; HIV Infections/*prevention & control ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Latin America ; Male ; Organophosphonates/adverse effects/economics/*therapeutic use ; Patient Selection ; Tenofovir
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Type, density, and location of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clinical outcome (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-09-30
    Description: The role of the adaptive immune response in controlling the growth and recurrence of human tumors has been controversial. We characterized the tumor-infiltrating immune cells in large cohorts of human colorectal cancers by gene expression profiling and in situ immunohistochemical staining. Collectively, the immunological data (the type, density, and location of immune cells within the tumor samples) were found to be a better predictor of patient survival than the histopathological methods currently used to stage colorectal cancer. The results were validated in two additional patient populations. These data support the hypothesis that the adaptive immune response influences the behavior of human tumors. In situ analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells may therefore be a valuable prognostic tool in the treatment of colorectal cancer and possibly other malignancies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galon, Jerome -- Costes, Anne -- Sanchez-Cabo, Fatima -- Kirilovsky, Amos -- Mlecnik, Bernhard -- Lagorce-Pages, Christine -- Tosolini, Marie -- Camus, Matthieu -- Berger, Anne -- Wind, Philippe -- Zinzindohoue, Franck -- Bruneval, Patrick -- Cugnenc, Paul-Henri -- Trajanoski, Zlatko -- Fridman, Wolf-Herman -- Pages, Franck -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 29;313(5795):1960-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM U 255, Paris, 75006 France; Universite Paris-Descartes Paris 5, Faculte de Medecine, Paris, 75006 France. jerome.galon@u255.bhdc.jussieu.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17008531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigens, CD3/*analysis ; Antigens, CD45/analysis ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics/*immunology/pathology ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunologic Memory ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/*immunology ; Male ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology/prevention & control ; Neoplasm Staging ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prognosis ; Survival Analysis ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology ; Th1 Cells/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    DNA from pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-05
    Description: The timing of the first human migration into the Americas and its relation to the appearance of the Clovis technological complex in North America at about 11,000 to 10,800 radiocarbon years before the present (14C years B.P.) remains contentious. We establish that humans were present at Paisley 5 Mile Point Caves, in south-central Oregon, by 12,300 14C years B.P., through the recovery of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from coprolites, directly dated by accelerator mass spectrometry. The mtDNA corresponds to Native American founding haplogroups A2 and B2. The dates of the coprolites are 〉1000 14C years earlier than currently accepted dates for the Clovis complex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, M Thomas P -- Jenkins, Dennis L -- Gotherstrom, Anders -- Naveran, Nuria -- Sanchez, Juan J -- Hofreiter, Michael -- Thomsen, Philip Francis -- Binladen, Jonas -- Higham, Thomas F G -- Yohe, Robert M 2nd -- Parr, Robert -- Cummings, Linda Scott -- Willerslev, Eske -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 May 9;320(5877):786-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1154116. Epub 2008 Apr 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Ancient Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18388261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Canidae/genetics ; *DNA, Mitochondrial ; *Emigration and Immigration ; *Feces ; *Fossils ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; North America ; Oregon ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sciuridae/genetics ; Sigmodontinae/genetics ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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