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  • 2005-2009  (82)
  • 2000-2004  (69)
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  • 1
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    Meiotic arrest in the mouse follicle maintained by a Gs protein in the oocyte (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-24
    Description: The mammalian ovarian follicle consists of a multilayered complex of somatic cells that surround the oocyte. A signal from the follicle cells keeps the oocyte cell cycle arrested at prophase of meiosis I until luteinizing hormone from the pituitary acts on the follicle cells to release the arrest, causing meiosis to continue. Here we show that meiotic arrest can be released in mice by microinjecting the oocyte within the follicle with an antibody that inhibits the stimulatory heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein Gs. This indicates that Gs activity in the oocyte is required to maintain meiotic arrest within the ovarian follicle and suggests that the follicle may keep the cell cycle arrested by activating Gs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mehlmann, Lisa M -- Jones, Teresa L Z -- Jaffe, Laurinda A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 23;297(5585):1343-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA. lmehlman@neuron.uchc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12193786" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Female ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/immunology/physiology ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/antagonists & ; inhibitors/immunology/*physiology ; Hypoxanthine/pharmacology ; *Meiosis ; Mice ; Oocytes/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology ; Ovarian Follicle/*physiology ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Susceptibility locus for Alzheimer's disease on chromosome 10 (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-12-23
    Description: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the only genetic risk factor that has so far been linked to risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). However, 50 percent of Alzheimer's disease cases do not carry an APOE4 allele, suggesting that other risk factors must exist. We performed a two-stage genome-wide screen in sibling pairs with LOAD to detect other susceptibility loci. Here we report evidence for an Alzheimer's disease locus on chromosome 10. Our stage one multipoint lod score (logarithm of the odds ratio for linkage/no linkage) of 2.48 (266 sibling pairs) increased to 3.83 in stage 2 (429 sibling pairs) close to D10S1225 (79 centimorgans). This locus modifies risk for Alzheimer's disease independent of APOE genotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Myers, A -- Holmans, P -- Marshall, H -- Kwon, J -- Meyer, D -- Ramic, D -- Shears, S -- Booth, J -- DeVrieze, F W -- Crook, R -- Hamshere, M -- Abraham, R -- Tunstall, N -- Rice, F -- Carty, S -- Lillystone, S -- Kehoe, P -- Rudrasingham, V -- Jones, L -- Lovestone, S -- Perez-Tur, J -- Williams, J -- Owen, M J -- Hardy, J -- Goate, A M -- AG16208/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AG5681/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- U24 AG021886/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2304-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11125144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age of Onset ; Aged ; Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Apolipoprotein E4 ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10/*genetics ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Nuclear Family ; Odds Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Direct measurement of the reaction front in chemically amplified photoresists (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-07-20
    Description: The continuing drive by the semiconductor industry to fabricate smaller structures using photolithography will soon require dimensional control at length scales comparable to the size of the polymeric molecules in the materials used to pattern them. The current technology, chemically amplified photoresists, uses a complex reaction-diffusion process to delineate patterned areas with high spatial resolution. However, nanometer-level control of this critical process is limited by the lack of direct measurements of the reaction front. We demonstrate the use of x-ray and neutron reflectometry as a general method to measure the spatial evolution of the reaction-diffusion process with nanometer resolution. Measuring compositional profiles, provided by deuterium-labeled reactant groups for neutron scattering contrast, we show that the reaction front within the material is broad rather than sharply defined and the compositional profile is altered during development. Measuring the density profile, we directly correlate the developed film structure with that of the reaction front.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, Eric K -- Soles, Christopher L -- Goldfarb, Dario L -- Trinque, Brian C -- Burns, Sean D -- Jones, Ronald L -- Lenhart, Joseph L -- Angelopoulos, Marie -- Willson, C Grant -- Satija, Sushil K -- Wu, Wen-Li -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jul 19;297(5580):372-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Polymers Division and, Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8541, USA. eric.lin@nist.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12130778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Stem cell self-renewal specified by JAK-STAT activation in response to a support cell cue (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-12-26
    Description: Stem cells generate many differentiated, short-lived cell types, such as blood, skin, and sperm, throughout adult life. Stem cells maintain a long-term capacity to divide, producing daughter cells that either self-renew or initiate differentiation. Although the surrounding microenvironment or "niche" influences stem cell fate decisions, few signals that emanate from the niche to specify stem cell self-renewal have been identified. Here we demonstrate that the apical hub cells in the Drosophila testis act as a cellular niche that supports stem cell self-renewal. Hub cells express the ligand Unpaired (Upd), which activates the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway in adjacent germ cells to specify self-renewal and continual maintenance of the germ line stem cell population.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kiger, A A -- Jones, D L -- Schulz, C -- Rogers, M B -- Fuller, M T -- GM07790-22/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HD07493/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P01-DK53074/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM078176/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Dec 21;294(5551):2542-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11752574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Division ; Cell Lineage ; Cues ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila/cytology/embryology/genetics/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/*metabolism ; Germ Cells/*physiology ; Glycoproteins/*metabolism ; Janus Kinases ; Ligands ; Male ; Mutation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; STAT Transcription Factors ; Signal Transduction ; Spermatocytes/cytology/physiology ; Spermatogenesis ; Stem Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Testis/cytology/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/genetics/*metabolism ; *Transcription Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Multipotent somatic stem cells contribute to the stem cell niche in the Drosophila testis (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-22
    Description: Adult stem cells reside in specialized microenvironments, or niches, that have an important role in regulating stem cell behaviour. Therefore, tight control of niche number, size and function is necessary to ensure the proper balance between stem cells and progenitor cells available for tissue homeostasis and wound repair. The stem cell niche in the Drosophila male gonad is located at the tip of the testis where germline and somatic stem cells surround the apical hub, a cluster of approximately 10-15 somatic cells that is required for stem cell self-renewal and maintenance. Here we show that somatic stem cells in the Drosophila testis contribute to both the apical hub and the somatic cyst cell lineage. The Drosophila orthologue of epithelial cadherin (DE-cadherin) is required for somatic stem cell maintenance and, consequently, the apical hub. Furthermore, our data indicate that the transcriptional repressor escargot regulates the ability of somatic cells to assume and/or maintain hub cell identity. These data highlight the dynamic relationship between stem cells and the niche and provide insight into genetic programmes that regulate niche size and function to support normal tissue homeostasis and organ regeneration throughout life.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2599791/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2599791/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Voog, Justin -- D'Alterio, Cecilia -- Jones, D Leanne -- R01 AG028092/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG028092-02/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 28;454(7208):1132-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07173. Epub 2008 Jul 20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18641633" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cadherins/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/metabolism ; Cell Lineage ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*cytology/embryology/genetics ; Heat-Shock Response ; Homeostasis ; Male ; Mitosis ; Multipotent Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Regeneration ; Testis/*cytology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    The extreme Kuiper Belt binary 2001 QW322 (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-18
    Description: The study of binary Kuiper Belt objects helps to probe the dynamic conditions present during planet formation in the solar system. We report on the mutual-orbit determination of 2001 QW322, a Kuiper Belt binary with a very large separation whose properties challenge binary-formation and -evolution theories. Six years of tracking indicate that the binary's mutual-orbit period is approximately 25 to 30 years, that the orbit pole is retrograde and inclined 50 degrees to 62 degrees from the ecliptic plane, and, most surprisingly, that the mutual orbital eccentricity is 〈0.4. The semimajor axis of 105,000 to 135,000 kilometers is 10 times that of other near-equal-mass binaries. Because this weakly bound binary is prone to orbital disruption by interlopers, its lifetime in its present state is probably less than 1 billion years.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petit, J-M -- Kavelaars, J J -- Gladman, B J -- Margot, J L -- Nicholson, P D -- Jones, R L -- Parker, J Wm -- Ashby, M L N -- Bagatin, A Campo -- Benavidez, P -- Coffey, J -- Rousselot, P -- Mousis, O -- Taylor, P A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Oct 17;322(5900):432-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1163148.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Observatoire de Besancon, Universite de Franche Comte, Besancon, Doubs 25010, France. petit@obs-besancon.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18927391" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Southern Ocean iron enrichment experiment: carbon cycling in high- and low-Si waters (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-04-17
    Description: The availability of iron is known to exert a controlling influence on biological productivity in surface waters over large areas of the ocean and may have been an important factor in the variation of the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide over glacial cycles. The effect of iron in the Southern Ocean is particularly important because of its large area and abundant nitrate, yet iron-enhanced growth of phytoplankton may be differentially expressed between waters with high silicic acid in the south and low silicic acid in the north, where diatom growth may be limited by both silicic acid and iron. Two mesoscale experiments, designed to investigate the effects of iron enrichment in regions with high and low concentrations of silicic acid, were performed in the Southern Ocean. These experiments demonstrate iron's pivotal role in controlling carbon uptake and regulating atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coale, Kenneth H -- Johnson, Kenneth S -- Chavez, Francisco P -- Buesseler, Ken O -- Barber, Richard T -- Brzezinski, Mark A -- Cochlan, William P -- Millero, Frank J -- Falkowski, Paul G -- Bauer, James E -- Wanninkhof, Rik H -- Kudela, Raphael M -- Altabet, Mark A -- Hales, Burke E -- Takahashi, Taro -- Landry, Michael R -- Bidigare, Robert R -- Wang, Xiujun -- Chase, Zanna -- Strutton, Pete G -- Friederich, Gernot E -- Gorbunov, Maxim Y -- Lance, Veronica P -- Hilting, Anna K -- Hiscock, Michael R -- Demarest, Mark -- Hiscock, William T -- Sullivan, Kevin F -- Tanner, Sara J -- Gordon, R Mike -- Hunter, Craig N -- Elrod, Virginia A -- Fitzwater, Steve E -- Jones, Janice L -- Tozzi, Sasha -- Koblizek, Michal -- Roberts, Alice E -- Herndon, Julian -- Brewster, Jodi -- Ladizinsky, Nicolas -- Smith, Geoffrey -- Cooper, David -- Timothy, David -- Brown, Susan L -- Selph, Karen E -- Sheridan, Cecelia C -- Twining, Benjamin S -- Johnson, Zackary I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Apr 16;304(5669):408-14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039-9647, USA. coale@mlml.calstate.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15087542" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Biomass ; Carbon/analysis/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis/metabolism ; Chlorophyll/analysis ; Diatoms/growth & development/metabolism ; Ecosystem ; *Iron/analysis/metabolism ; Nitrates/analysis/metabolism ; Nitrogen/analysis/metabolism ; Oceans and Seas ; Photosynthesis ; Phytoplankton/*growth & development/metabolism ; Seawater/chemistry ; *Silicic Acid/analysis/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Orientation of asymmetric stem cell division by the APC tumor suppressor and centrosome (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-09-13
    Description: Stem cell self-renewal can be specified by local signals from the surrounding microenvironment, or niche. However, the relation between the niche and the mechanisms that ensure the correct balance between stem cell self-renewal and differentiation is poorly understood. Here, we show that dividing Drosophila male germline stem cells use intracellular mechanisms involving centrosome function and cortically localized Adenomatous Polyposis Coli tumor suppressor protein to orient mitotic spindles perpendicular to the niche, ensuring a reliably asymmetric outcome in which one daughter cell remains in the niche and self-renews stem cell identity, whereas the other, displaced away, initiates differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yamashita, Yukiko M -- Jones, D Leanne -- Fuller, Margaret T -- 1P01 DK53074/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Sep 12;301(5639):1547-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12970569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; Cadherins/metabolism ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Cell Count ; Cell Differentiation ; *Cell Division ; Cell Polarity ; Centrosome/*physiology ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism ; Drosophila/*cytology/genetics/physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/*metabolism ; Germ Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Male ; Mutation ; Spindle Apparatus/physiology ; Stem Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Testis/cytology ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Tubulin/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*metabolism ; beta Catenin
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Functional CpG methylation system in a social insect (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-10-28
    Description: DNA methylation systems are well characterized in vertebrates, but methylation in Drosophila melanogaster and other invertebrates remains controversial. Using the recently sequenced honey bee genome, we present a bioinformatic, molecular, and biochemical characterization of a functional DNA methylation system in an insect. We report on catalytically active orthologs of the vertebrate DNA methyltransferases Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a and b, two isoforms that contain a methyl-DNA binding domain, genomic 5-methyl-deoxycytosine, and CpG-methylated genes. The honey bee provides an opportunity to study the roles of methylation in social contexts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Ying -- Jorda, Mireia -- Jones, Peter L -- Maleszka, Ryszard -- Ling, Xu -- Robertson, Hugh M -- Mizzen, Craig A -- Peinado, Miguel A -- Robinson, Gene E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Oct 27;314(5799):645-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17068262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Composition ; Bees/enzymology/*genetics/*metabolism ; Computational Biology ; DNA/chemistry/metabolism ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Dinucleoside Phosphates/*metabolism ; Genes, Insect ; Genome, Insect ; Insect Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Fall in Earth's magnetic field is erratic (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-05-13
    Description: Earth's magnetic field has decayed by about 5% per century since measurements began in 1840. Directional measurements predate those of intensity by more than 250 years, and we combined the global model of directions with paleomagnetic intensity measurements to estimate the fall in strength for this earlier period (1590 to 1840 A.D.). We found that magnetic field strength was nearly constant throughout this time, in contrast to the later period. Extrapolating to the core surface showed that the fall in strength originated in patches of reverse magnetic flux in the Southern Hemisphere. These patches were detectable by directional data alone; the pre-1840 model showed little or no evidence of them, supporting the conclusion of a steady dipole up to 1840.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gubbins, David -- Jones, Adrian L -- Finlay, Christopher C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 12;312(5775):900-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. gubbins@earth.leeds.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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