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  • 1
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    Western North Atlantic Palaeogene and Cretaceous Palaeoceanography (2001)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Palaeogene and Cretaceous palaeoceanography has been the focus of intense international interest in the last few years, spurred by deep ocean drilling at Blake Nose in the North Atlantic as well as the need to use past climate change as input for modelling future climate change. This book brings together a number of review papers that describe ancient oceans and unique events in the Earth’s climatic history and evolution of biota. The papers show evidence of periods characterized by exceptional global warmth such as the Late Palaeocene Thermal Maximum and Cretaceous anoxic events. Geochemical records and modelling will make the reader aware that these periods were forced by greenhouse gases. This information is essential for understanding the response of the ocean-climate system to the current input of fossil fuels. In this sense, the book contributes to the understanding of fundamental aspects of Earth’s climate, the carbon cycle, and marine ecosystems. A number of papers describe massive mass wasting deposits resulting from the energy released by the bolide impact at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary as well as the geochemistry of the boundary itself. Additional papers cover aspects of cyclostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of Palaeogene and Cretaceous records. This book will be of interest to a broad audience of Earth Scientists interested in Palaeogene-Cretaceous palaeoceanography, extreme climate modelling, Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, Late Palaeocene Thermal Maximum, Cretaceous anoxic events, as well as those specifically interested in radiolarian, dinoflagellate and coccolithophorid stratigraphy.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (319 Seiten)
    ISBN: 1862390789
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/183/1.toc
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Mechanisms of climate warming at the end of the paleocene (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-31
    Description: An abrupt episode of global warming marked the end of the Paleocene epoch. Oxygen and carbon isotope records from two widely separated sites support the notion that degassing of biogenic methane hydrate may have been an important factor in altering Earth's climate. The data show evidence for multiple injections of methane, separated by intervals in which the carbon cycle was in stasis. Correlations between the two sites suggest that even these small-scale events were global in nature.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bains -- Corfield -- Norris -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jul 30;285(5428):724-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, Oxford University, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PR, UK. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10426992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    The heartbeat of the Oligocene climate system (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-12-23
    Description: A 13-million-year continuous record of Oligocene climate from the equatorial Pacific reveals a pronounced "heartbeat" in the global carbon cycle and periodicity of glaciations. This heartbeat consists of 405,000-, 127,000-, and 96,000-year eccentricity cycles and 1.2-million-year obliquity cycles in periodically recurring glacial and carbon cycle events. That climate system response to intricate orbital variations suggests a fundamental interaction of the carbon cycle, solar forcing, and glacial events. Box modeling shows that the interaction of the carbon cycle and solar forcing modulates deep ocean acidity as well as the production and burial of global biomass. The pronounced 405,000-year eccentricity cycle is amplified by the long residence time of carbon in the oceans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palike, Heiko -- Norris, Richard D -- Herrle, Jens O -- Wilson, Paul A -- Coxall, Helen K -- Lear, Caroline H -- Shackleton, Nicholas J -- Tripati, Aradhna K -- Wade, Bridget S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Dec 22;314(5807):1894-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, School of Ocean and Earth Science, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK. H.Palike@soton.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17185595" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomass ; Calcium Carbonate/analysis ; *Carbon ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis ; *Climate ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; *Ice Cover ; Oxygen Isotopes/analysis ; Pacific Ocean ; Plankton ; Sunlight ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Marine ecosystem responses to Cenozoic global change (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-03
    Description: The future impacts of anthropogenic global change on marine ecosystems are highly uncertain, but insights can be gained from past intervals of high atmospheric carbon dioxide partial pressure. The long-term geological record reveals an early Cenozoic warm climate that supported smaller polar ecosystems, few coral-algal reefs, expanded shallow-water platforms, longer food chains with less energy for top predators, and a less oxygenated ocean than today. The closest analogs for our likely future are climate transients, 10,000 to 200,000 years in duration, that occurred during the long early Cenozoic interval of elevated warmth. Although the future ocean will begin to resemble the past greenhouse world, it will retain elements of the present "icehouse" world long into the future. Changing temperatures and ocean acidification, together with rising sea level and shifts in ocean productivity, will keep marine ecosystems in a state of continuous change for 100,000 years.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norris, R D -- Turner, S Kirtland -- Hull, P M -- Ridgwell, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Aug 2;341(6145):492-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1240543.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. rnorris@ucsd.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23908226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Climate Change/history ; *Ecosystem ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, Ancient ; *Oceans and Seas ; *Seawater ; Temperature ; Tidal Waves ; Vertebrates
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Eocene global warming events driven by ventilation of oceanic dissolved organic carbon (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-03-18
    Description: 'Hyperthermals' are intervals of rapid, pronounced global warming known from six episodes within the Palaeocene and Eocene epochs ( approximately 65-34 million years (Myr) ago). The most extreme hyperthermal was the approximately 170 thousand year (kyr) interval of 5-7 degrees C global warming during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 56 Myr ago). The PETM is widely attributed to massive release of greenhouse gases from buried sedimentary carbon reservoirs, and other, comparatively modest, hyperthermals have also been linked to the release of sedimentary carbon. Here we show, using new 2.4-Myr-long Eocene deep ocean records, that the comparatively modest hyperthermals are much more numerous than previously documented, paced by the eccentricity of Earth's orbit and have shorter durations ( approximately 40 kyr) and more rapid recovery phases than the PETM. These findings point to the operation of fundamentally different forcing and feedback mechanisms than for the PETM, involving redistribution of carbon among Earth's readily exchangeable surface reservoirs rather than carbon exhumation from, and subsequent burial back into, the sedimentary reservoir. Specifically, we interpret our records to indicate repeated, large-scale releases of dissolved organic carbon (at least 1,600 gigatonnes) from the ocean by ventilation (strengthened oxidation) of the ocean interior. The rapid recovery of the carbon cycle following each Eocene hyperthermal strongly suggests that carbon was re-sequestered by the ocean, rather than the much slower process of silicate rock weathering proposed for the PETM. Our findings suggest that these pronounced climate warming events were driven not by repeated releases of carbon from buried sedimentary sources, but, rather, by patterns of surficial carbon redistribution familiar from younger intervals of Earth history.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sexton, Philip F -- Norris, Richard D -- Wilson, Paul A -- Palike, Heiko -- Westerhold, Thomas -- Rohl, Ursula -- Bolton, Clara T -- Gibbs, Samantha -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 17;471(7338):349-52. doi: 10.1038/nature09826.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. P.F.Sexton@open.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21412336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atlantic Ocean ; Atmosphere/*chemistry ; *Carbon Cycle ; Foraminifera/metabolism ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Global Warming/*history ; History, Ancient ; Oceans and Seas ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Isotopic evidence for glaciation during the Cretaceous supergreenhouse (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-01-12
    Description: The Turonian (93.5 to 89.3 million years ago) was one of the warmest periods of the Phanerozoic eon, with tropical sea surface temperatures over 35 degrees C. High-amplitude sea-level changes and positive delta18O excursions in marine limestones suggest that glaciation events may have punctuated this episode of extreme warmth. New delta18O data from the tropical Atlantic show synchronous shifts approximately 91.2 million years ago for both the surface and deep ocean that are consistent with an approximately 200,000-year period of glaciation, with ice sheets of about half the size of the modern Antarctic ice cap. Even the prevailing supergreenhouse climate was not a barrier to the formation of large ice sheets, calling into question the common assumption that the poles were always ice-free during past periods of intense global warming.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bornemann, Andre -- Norris, Richard D -- Friedrich, Oliver -- Beckmann, Britta -- Schouten, Stefan -- Damste, Jaap S Sinninghe -- Vogel, Jennifer -- Hofmann, Peter -- Wagner, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jan 11;319(5860):189-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1148777.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, Geosciences Research Division, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0244, USA. a.bornemann@uni-leipzig.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18187651" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    The Chicxulub asteroid impact and mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-03-06
    Description: The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary approximately 65.5 million years ago marks one of the three largest mass extinctions in the past 500 million years. The extinction event coincided with a large asteroid impact at Chicxulub, Mexico, and occurred within the time of Deccan flood basalt volcanism in India. Here, we synthesize records of the global stratigraphy across this boundary to assess the proposed causes of the mass extinction. Notably, a single ejecta-rich deposit compositionally linked to the Chicxulub impact is globally distributed at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. The temporal match between the ejecta layer and the onset of the extinctions and the agreement of ecological patterns in the fossil record with modeled environmental perturbations (for example, darkness and cooling) lead us to conclude that the Chicxulub impact triggered the mass extinction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schulte, Peter -- Alegret, Laia -- Arenillas, Ignacio -- Arz, Jose A -- Barton, Penny J -- Bown, Paul R -- Bralower, Timothy J -- Christeson, Gail L -- Claeys, Philippe -- Cockell, Charles S -- Collins, Gareth S -- Deutsch, Alexander -- Goldin, Tamara J -- Goto, Kazuhisa -- Grajales-Nishimura, Jose M -- Grieve, Richard A F -- Gulick, Sean P S -- Johnson, Kirk R -- Kiessling, Wolfgang -- Koeberl, Christian -- Kring, David A -- MacLeod, Kenneth G -- Matsui, Takafumi -- Melosh, Jay -- Montanari, Alessandro -- Morgan, Joanna V -- Neal, Clive R -- Nichols, Douglas J -- Norris, Richard D -- Pierazzo, Elisabetta -- Ravizza, Greg -- Rebolledo-Vieyra, Mario -- Reimold, Wolf Uwe -- Robin, Eric -- Salge, Tobias -- Speijer, Robert P -- Sweet, Arthur R -- Urrutia-Fucugauchi, Jaime -- Vajda, Vivi -- Whalen, Michael T -- Willumsen, Pi S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Mar 5;327(5970):1214-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1177265.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Schlossgarten 5, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany. schulte@geol.uni-erlangen.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20203042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Extinction, Biological ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; Mexico ; *Minor Planets
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Effects of Water-residence Time on the Isotopic Evolution of an Eocene Closed- Basin Lake Complex: ABSTRACT (1996)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists
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  • 9
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    Newfoundland Neogene sediment drifts: transition from the Paleogene greenhouse to the modern icehouse (2015)
    In:  EPIC3Scientific Drilling, 19, pp. 39-42, ISSN: 1816-3459
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-20
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Action spectra for bilirubin photodisappearance (1980)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 380-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The excitation wavelength dependence of bilirubin photodestruction, as measured by quantum yields, has been determined in benzene, chloroform-1% ethanol, chloroform-1% hexane, methanol-1% concentrated ammonia, pH 8.5 aqueous buffer and pH 7.4 aqueous buffer with added albumin. The results show that in the visible spectrum the 370–490 nm excitation wavelength region is very effective in the photodestruction, but excitation in the UV-region (λ〈320 nm) is even more effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01975098
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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