ALBERT

Description: Sorghum, an African grass related to sugar cane and maize, is grown for food, feed, fibre and fuel. We present an initial analysis of the approximately 730-megabase Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench genome, placing approximately 98% of genes in their chromosomal context using whole-genome shotgun sequence validated by genetic, physical and syntenic information. Genetic recombination is largely confined to about one-third of the sorghum genome with gene order and density similar to those of rice. Retrotransposon accumulation in recombinationally recalcitrant heterochromatin explains the approximately 75% larger genome size of sorghum compared with rice. Although gene and repetitive DNA distributions have been preserved since palaeopolyploidization approximately 70 million years ago, most duplicated gene sets lost one member before the sorghum-rice divergence. Concerted evolution makes one duplicated chromosomal segment appear to be only a few million years old. About 24% of genes are grass-specific and 7% are sorghum-specific. Recent gene and microRNA duplications may contribute to sorghum's drought tolerance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paterson, Andrew H -- Bowers, John E -- Bruggmann, Remy -- Dubchak, Inna -- Grimwood, Jane -- Gundlach, Heidrun -- Haberer, Georg -- Hellsten, Uffe -- Mitros, Therese -- Poliakov, Alexander -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Spannagl, Manuel -- Tang, Haibao -- Wang, Xiyin -- Wicker, Thomas -- Bharti, Arvind K -- Chapman, Jarrod -- Feltus, F Alex -- Gowik, Udo -- Grigoriev, Igor V -- Lyons, Eric -- Maher, Christopher A -- Martis, Mihaela -- Narechania, Apurva -- Otillar, Robert P -- Penning, Bryan W -- Salamov, Asaf A -- Wang, Yu -- Zhang, Lifang -- Carpita, Nicholas C -- Freeling, Michael -- Gingle, Alan R -- Hash, C Thomas -- Keller, Beat -- Klein, Patricia -- Kresovich, Stephen -- McCann, Maureen C -- Ming, Ray -- Peterson, Daniel G -- Mehboob-ur-Rahman -- Ware, Doreen -- Westhoff, Peter -- Mayer, Klaus F X -- Messing, Joachim -- Rokhsar, Daniel S -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 29;457(7229):551-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07723.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA. paterson@uga.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19189423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: To provide context for the diversification of archosaurs--the group that includes crocodilians, dinosaurs, and birds--we generated draft genomes of three crocodilians: Alligator mississippiensis (the American alligator), Crocodylus porosus (the saltwater crocodile), and Gavialis gangeticus (the Indian gharial). We observed an exceptionally slow rate of genome evolution within crocodilians at all levels, including nucleotide substitutions, indels, transposable element content and movement, gene family evolution, and chromosomal synteny. When placed within the context of related taxa including birds and turtles, this suggests that the common ancestor of all of these taxa also exhibited slow genome evolution and that the comparatively rapid evolution is derived in birds. The data also provided the opportunity to analyze heterozygosity in crocodilians, which indicates a likely reduction in population size for all three taxa through the Pleistocene. Finally, these data combined with newly published bird genomes allowed us to reconstruct the partial genome of the common ancestor of archosaurs, thereby providing a tool to investigate the genetic starting material of crocodilians, birds, and dinosaurs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4386873/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4386873/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, Richard E -- Braun, Edward L -- Armstrong, Joel -- Earl, Dent -- Nguyen, Ngan -- Hickey, Glenn -- Vandewege, Michael W -- St John, John A -- Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador -- Castoe, Todd A -- Kern, Colin -- Fujita, Matthew K -- Opazo, Juan C -- Jurka, Jerzy -- Kojima, Kenji K -- Caballero, Juan -- Hubley, Robert M -- Smit, Arian F -- Platt, Roy N -- Lavoie, Christine A -- Ramakodi, Meganathan P -- Finger, John W Jr -- Suh, Alexander -- Isberg, Sally R -- Miles, Lee -- Chong, Amanda Y -- Jaratlerdsiri, Weerachai -- Gongora, Jaime -- Moran, Christopher -- Iriarte, Andres -- McCormack, John -- Burgess, Shane C -- Edwards, Scott V -- Lyons, Eric -- Williams, Christina -- Breen, Matthew -- Howard, Jason T -- Gresham, Cathy R -- Peterson, Daniel G -- Schmitz, Jurgen -- Pollock, David D -- Haussler, David -- Triplett, Eric W -- Zhang, Guojie -- Irie, Naoki -- Jarvis, Erich D -- Brochu, Christopher A -- Schmidt, Carl J -- McCarthy, Fiona M -- Faircloth, Brant C -- Hoffmann, Federico G -- Glenn, Travis C -- Gabaldon, Toni -- Paten, Benedict -- Ray, David A -- 1U41HG006992-2/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 1U41HG007234-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- 5U01HG004695/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002939/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U41 HG006992/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Dec 12;346(6215):1254449. doi: 10.1126/science.1254449. Epub 2014 Dec 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. ed@soe.ucsc.edu david.a.ray@ttu.edu. ; Department of Biology and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. ; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. ; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. ; Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. Department of Biology, University of Texas, Arlington, TX 76019, USA. ; Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717, USA. ; Department of Biology, University of Texas, Arlington, TX 76019, USA. ; Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. ; Genetic Information Research Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA. ; Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. ; Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. ; Institute of Experimental Pathology (ZMBE), University of Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany. Department of Evolutionary Biology (EBC), Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Porosus Pty. Ltd., Palmerston, NT 0831, Australia. Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Centre for Crocodile Research, Noonamah, NT 0837, Australia. ; Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. ; Departamento de Desarrollo Biotecnologico, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay. ; Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA. ; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. ; Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. ; Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. ; Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. ; Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. ; Institute of Experimental Pathology (ZMBE), University of Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany. ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. ; Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. ; Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. ; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. Center for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. ; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. ; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717, USA. ; School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90019, USA. Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. ; Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain. ; Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. ed@soe.ucsc.edu david.a.ray@ttu.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25504731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Bananas (Musa spp.), including dessert and cooking types, are giant perennial monocotyledonous herbs of the order Zingiberales, a sister group to the well-studied Poales, which include cereals. Bananas are vital for food security in many tropical and subtropical countries and the most popular fruit in industrialized countries. The Musa domestication process started some 7,000 years ago in Southeast Asia. It involved hybridizations between diverse species and subspecies, fostered by human migrations, and selection of diploid and triploid seedless, parthenocarpic hybrids thereafter widely dispersed by vegetative propagation. Half of the current production relies on somaclones derived from a single triploid genotype (Cavendish). Pests and diseases have gradually become adapted, representing an imminent danger for global banana production. Here we describe the draft sequence of the 523-megabase genome of a Musa acuminata doubled-haploid genotype, providing a crucial stepping-stone for genetic improvement of banana. We detected three rounds of whole-genome duplications in the Musa lineage, independently of those previously described in the Poales lineage and the one we detected in the Arecales lineage. This first monocotyledon high-continuity whole-genome sequence reported outside Poales represents an essential bridge for comparative genome analysis in plants. As such, it clarifies commelinid-monocotyledon phylogenetic relationships, reveals Poaceae-specific features and has led to the discovery of conserved non-coding sequences predating monocotyledon-eudicotyledon divergence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉D'Hont, Angelique -- Denoeud, France -- Aury, Jean-Marc -- Baurens, Franc-Christophe -- Carreel, Francoise -- Garsmeur, Olivier -- Noel, Benjamin -- Bocs, Stephanie -- Droc, Gaetan -- Rouard, Mathieu -- Da Silva, Corinne -- Jabbari, Kamel -- Cardi, Celine -- Poulain, Julie -- Souquet, Marlene -- Labadie, Karine -- Jourda, Cyril -- Lengelle, Juliette -- Rodier-Goud, Marguerite -- Alberti, Adriana -- Bernard, Maria -- Correa, Margot -- Ayyampalayam, Saravanaraj -- Mckain, Michael R -- Leebens-Mack, Jim -- Burgess, Diane -- Freeling, Mike -- Mbeguie-A-Mbeguie, Didier -- Chabannes, Matthieu -- Wicker, Thomas -- Panaud, Olivier -- Barbosa, Jose -- Hribova, Eva -- Heslop-Harrison, Pat -- Habas, Remy -- Rivallan, Ronan -- Francois, Philippe -- Poiron, Claire -- Kilian, Andrzej -- Burthia, Dheema -- Jenny, Christophe -- Bakry, Frederic -- Brown, Spencer -- Guignon, Valentin -- Kema, Gert -- Dita, Miguel -- Waalwijk, Cees -- Joseph, Steeve -- Dievart, Anne -- Jaillon, Olivier -- Leclercq, Julie -- Argout, Xavier -- Lyons, Eric -- Almeida, Ana -- Jeridi, Mouna -- Dolezel, Jaroslav -- Roux, Nicolas -- Risterucci, Ange-Marie -- Weissenbach, Jean -- Ruiz, Manuel -- Glaszmann, Jean-Christophe -- Quetier, Francis -- Yahiaoui, Nabila -- Wincker, Patrick -- England -- Nature. 2012 Aug 9;488(7410):213-7. doi: 10.1038/nature11241.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre de cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France. angelique.d'hont@cirad.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22801500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: It has been argued that the evolution of plant genome size is principally unidirectional and increasing owing to the varied action of whole-genome duplications (WGDs) and mobile element proliferation. However, extreme genome size reductions have been reported in the angiosperm family tree. Here we report the sequence of the 82-megabase genome of the carnivorous bladderwort plant Utricularia gibba. Despite its tiny size, the U. gibba genome accommodates a typical number of genes for a plant, with the main difference from other plant genomes arising from a drastic reduction in non-genic DNA. Unexpectedly, we identified at least three rounds of WGD in U. gibba since common ancestry with tomato (Solanum) and grape (Vitis). The compressed architecture of the U. gibba genome indicates that a small fraction of intergenic DNA, with few or no active retrotransposons, is sufficient to regulate and integrate all the processes required for the development and reproduction of a complex organism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ibarra-Laclette, Enrique -- Lyons, Eric -- Hernandez-Guzman, Gustavo -- Perez-Torres, Claudia Anahi -- Carretero-Paulet, Lorenzo -- Chang, Tien-Hao -- Lan, Tianying -- Welch, Andreanna J -- Juarez, Maria Jazmin Abraham -- Simpson, June -- Fernandez-Cortes, Araceli -- Arteaga-Vazquez, Mario -- Gongora-Castillo, Elsa -- Acevedo-Hernandez, Gustavo -- Schuster, Stephan C -- Himmelbauer, Heinz -- Minoche, Andre E -- Xu, Sen -- Lynch, Michael -- Oropeza-Aburto, Araceli -- Cervantes-Perez, Sergio Alan -- de Jesus Ortega-Estrada, Maria -- Cervantes-Luevano, Jacob Israel -- Michael, Todd P -- Mockler, Todd -- Bryant, Douglas -- Herrera-Estrella, Alfredo -- Albert, Victor A -- Herrera-Estrella, Luis -- 4367/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Jun 6;498(7452):94-8. doi: 10.1038/nature12132. Epub 2013 May 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratorio Nacional de Genomica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional, 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23665961" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Genetic variation within the male-specific portion of the Y chromosome (MSY) can clarify the origins of contemporary populations, but previous studies were hampered by partial genetic information. Population sequencing of 1204 Sardinian males identified 11,763 MSY single-nucleotide polymorphisms, 6751 of which have not previously been observed. We constructed a MSY phylogenetic tree containing all main haplogroups found in Europe, along with many Sardinian-specific lineage clusters within each haplogroup. The tree was calibrated with archaeological data from the initial expansion of the Sardinian population ~7700 years ago. The ages of nodes highlight different genetic strata in Sardinia and reveal the presumptive timing of coalescence with other human populations. We calculate a putative age for coalescence of ~180,000 to 200,000 years ago, which is consistent with previous mitochondrial DNA-based estimates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Francalacci, Paolo -- Morelli, Laura -- Angius, Andrea -- Berutti, Riccardo -- Reinier, Frederic -- Atzeni, Rossano -- Pilu, Rosella -- Busonero, Fabio -- Maschio, Andrea -- Zara, Ilenia -- Sanna, Daria -- Useli, Antonella -- Urru, Maria Francesca -- Marcelli, Marco -- Cusano, Roberto -- Oppo, Manuela -- Zoledziewska, Magdalena -- Pitzalis, Maristella -- Deidda, Francesca -- Porcu, Eleonora -- Poddie, Fausto -- Kang, Hyun Min -- Lyons, Robert -- Tarrier, Brendan -- Gresham, Jennifer Bragg -- Li, Bingshan -- Tofanelli, Sergio -- Alonso, Santos -- Dei, Mariano -- Lai, Sandra -- Mulas, Antonella -- Whalen, Michael B -- Uzzau, Sergio -- Jones, Chris -- Schlessinger, David -- Abecasis, Goncalo R -- Sanna, Serena -- Sidore, Carlo -- Cucca, Francesco -- HG005552/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HG005581/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HG006513/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HG007022/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- N01-AG-1-2109/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Aug 2;341(6145):565-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1237947.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, Universita di Sassari, Sassari, Italy. pfrancalacci@uniss.it〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23908240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was formed ~7500 years ago by hybridization between B. rapa and B. oleracea, followed by chromosome doubling, a process known as allopolyploidy. Together with more ancient polyploidizations, this conferred an aggregate 72x genome multiplication since the origin of angiosperms and high gene content. We examined the B. napus genome and the consequences of its recent duplication. The constituent An and Cn subgenomes are engaged in subtle structural, functional, and epigenetic cross-talk, with abundant homeologous exchanges. Incipient gene loss and expression divergence have begun. Selection in B. napus oilseed types has accelerated the loss of glucosinolate genes, while preserving expansion of oil biosynthesis genes. These processes provide insights into allopolyploid evolution and its relationship with crop domestication and improvement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chalhoub, Boulos -- Denoeud, France -- Liu, Shengyi -- Parkin, Isobel A P -- Tang, Haibao -- Wang, Xiyin -- Chiquet, Julien -- Belcram, Harry -- Tong, Chaobo -- Samans, Birgit -- Correa, Margot -- Da Silva, Corinne -- Just, Jeremy -- Falentin, Cyril -- Koh, Chu Shin -- Le Clainche, Isabelle -- Bernard, Maria -- Bento, Pascal -- Noel, Benjamin -- Labadie, Karine -- Alberti, Adriana -- Charles, Mathieu -- Arnaud, Dominique -- Guo, Hui -- Daviaud, Christian -- Alamery, Salman -- Jabbari, Kamel -- Zhao, Meixia -- Edger, Patrick P -- Chelaifa, Houda -- Tack, David -- Lassalle, Gilles -- Mestiri, Imen -- Schnel, Nicolas -- Le Paslier, Marie-Christine -- Fan, Guangyi -- Renault, Victor -- Bayer, Philippe E -- Golicz, Agnieszka A -- Manoli, Sahana -- Lee, Tae-Ho -- Thi, Vinh Ha Dinh -- Chalabi, Smahane -- Hu, Qiong -- Fan, Chuchuan -- Tollenaere, Reece -- Lu, Yunhai -- Battail, Christophe -- Shen, Jinxiong -- Sidebottom, Christine H D -- Wang, Xinfa -- Canaguier, Aurelie -- Chauveau, Aurelie -- Berard, Aurelie -- Deniot, Gwenaelle -- Guan, Mei -- Liu, Zhongsong -- Sun, Fengming -- Lim, Yong Pyo -- Lyons, Eric -- Town, Christopher D -- Bancroft, Ian -- Wang, Xiaowu -- Meng, Jinling -- Ma, Jianxin -- Pires, J Chris -- King, Graham J -- Brunel, Dominique -- Delourme, Regine -- Renard, Michel -- Aury, Jean-Marc -- Adams, Keith L -- Batley, Jacqueline -- Snowdon, Rod J -- Tost, Jorg -- Edwards, David -- Zhou, Yongming -- Hua, Wei -- Sharpe, Andrew G -- Paterson, Andrew H -- Guan, Chunyun -- Wincker, Patrick -- BB/E017363/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 22;345(6199):950-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1253435. Epub 2014 Aug 21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Universite d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unite de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91057 Evry, France. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr. ; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Genomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. Universite d'Evry Val d'Essone, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. ; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. ; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2, Canada. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr. ; J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry, University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China. ; Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China. ; Laboratoire de Mathematiques et Modelisation d'Evry-UMR 8071 CNRS/Universite d'Evry val d'Essonne-USC INRA, Evry, France. ; Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Universite d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unite de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91057 Evry, France. ; Department of Plant Breeding, Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany. ; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Genomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. ; INRA, Institut de Genetique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP) UMR1349, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France. ; National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada. ; INRA, Etude du Polymorphisme des Genomes Vegetaux, US1279, Centre National de Genotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91057 Evry, France. ; Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. ; Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Genotypage, CEA-IG, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91000 Evry, France. ; Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. ; Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)/Universite d'Evry Val d'Essone, Unite de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale, UMR1165, Organization and Evolution of Plant Genomes, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, 91057 Evry, France. Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Koln, Germany. ; Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, WSLR Building B018, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. ; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. ; Beijing Genome Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China. ; Fondation Jean Dausset-Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, 27 rue Juliette Dodu, 75010 Paris, France. ; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. ; College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. ; Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Chungnam National University, Daejeon-305764, South Korea. ; School of Plant Sciences, iPlant Collaborative, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. ; J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. ; Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. ; Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China. ; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. ; Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia. ; Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia. ; Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr. ; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr. ; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture of People's Republic of China, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr. ; National Research Council Canada, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr. ; Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr. ; College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr. ; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Genomique (IG), Genoscope, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. Universite d'Evry Val d'Essone, UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8030, CP5706, Evry, France. chalhoub@evry.inra.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25146293" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉