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  • Oxford University Press  (20)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (4)
  • Wiley  (4)
  • American Society of Hematology  (1)
  • 1
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    Pivotal roles of cGAS-cGAMP signaling in antiviral defense and immune adjuvant effects (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Invasion of microbial DNA into the cytoplasm of animal cells triggers a cascade of host immune reactions that help clear the infection; however, self DNA in the cytoplasm can cause autoimmune diseases. Biochemical approaches led to the identification of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) as a cytosolic DNA sensor that triggers innate immune responses. Here, we show that cells from cGAS-deficient (cGas(-/-)) mice, including fibroblasts, macrophages, and dendritic cells, failed to produce type I interferons and other cytokines in response to DNA transfection or DNA virus infection. cGas(-/-) mice were more susceptible to lethal infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) than wild-type mice. We also show that cGAMP is an adjuvant that boosts antigen-specific T cell activation and antibody production in mice.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3863637/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3863637/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, Xiao-Dong -- Wu, Jiaxi -- Gao, Daxing -- Wang, Hua -- Sun, Lijun -- Chen, Zhijian J -- 5T32AI070116/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI-093967/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI093967/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Sep 20;341(6152):1390-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1244040. Epub 2013 Aug 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23989956" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis ; DNA, Viral/genetics/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Fibroblasts/immunology ; Herpes Simplex/*immunology ; *Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/genetics ; Interferon-beta/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Macrophages/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Nucleotidyltransferases/genetics/*immunology ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Anisotropy in the Inner Core: Could It Be Due To Low-Order Convection? (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-11-08
    Description: A recently assembled data set of inner core-sensitive free oscillation splitting measurements and body wave differential travel times provides constraints on the patterns of anisotropy in the Earth's inner core. Applying a formalism that allows departures from radial symmetry and cylindrical anisotropy results in models with P-wave velocity distributions whose strength and pattern are incompatible with frozen-in anisotropy, but rather suggest a simple large-scale convection regime in the inner core.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Romanowicz -- Li -- Durek -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Nov 8;274(5289):963-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉B. Romanowicz, Seismographic Station and Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. X.-D. Li and J. Durek, Seismographic Station, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8875934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Quantitative 3D video microscopy of HIV transfer across T cell virological synapses (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-28
    Description: The spread of HIV between immune cells is greatly enhanced by cell-cell adhesions called virological synapses, although the underlying mechanisms have been unclear. With use of an infectious, fluorescent clone of HIV, we tracked the movement of Gag in live CD4 T cells and captured the direct translocation of HIV across the virological synapse. Quantitative, high-speed three-dimensional (3D) video microscopy revealed the rapid formation of micrometer-sized "buttons" containing oligomerized viral Gag protein. Electron microscopy showed that these buttons were packed with budding viral crescents. Viral transfer events were observed to form virus-laden internal compartments within target cells. Continuous time-lapse monitoring showed preferential infection through synapses. Thus, HIV dissemination may be enhanced by virological synapse-mediated cell adhesion coupled to viral endocytosis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2756521/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2756521/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hubner, Wolfgang -- McNerney, Gregory P -- Chen, Ping -- Dale, Benjamin M -- Gordon, Ronald E -- Chuang, Frank Y S -- Li, Xiao-Dong -- Asmuth, David M -- Huser, Thomas -- Chen, Benjamin K -- 5R24 CA095823-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- AI074420-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- DP1 DA028866/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074420/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074420-01A2/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI074420-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- S10RR09145-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- ULRR024146/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 27;323(5922):1743-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1167525.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19325119" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*physiology/ultrastructure/*virology ; *Cell Adhesion ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytochalasin D/pharmacology ; Endocytosis ; HIV/*physiology/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Jurkat Cells ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Microscopy, Video ; Receptors, CCR5/metabolism ; Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; *Virus Internalization ; gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    MAVS, cGAS, and endogenous retroviruses in T-independent B cell responses (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-20
    Description: Multivalent molecules with repetitive structures including bacterial capsular polysaccharides and viral capsids elicit antibody responses through B cell receptor (BCR) crosslinking in the absence of T cell help. We report that immunization with these T cell-independent type 2 (TI-2) antigens causes up-regulation of endogenous retrovirus (ERV) RNAs in antigen-specific mouse B cells. These RNAs are detected via a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)-dependent RNA sensing pathway or reverse-transcribed and detected via the cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway, triggering a second, sustained wave of signaling that promotes specific immunoglobulin M production. Deficiency of both MAVS and cGAS, or treatment of MAVS-deficient mice with reverse transcriptase inhibitors, dramatically inhibits TI-2 antibody responses. These findings suggest that ERV and two innate sensing pathways that detect them are integral components of the TI-2 B cell signaling apparatus.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4391621/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4391621/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zeng, Ming -- Hu, Zeping -- Shi, Xiaolei -- Li, Xiaohong -- Zhan, Xiaoming -- Li, Xiao-Dong -- Wang, Jianhui -- Choi, Jin Huk -- Wang, Kuan-wen -- Purrington, Tiana -- Tang, Miao -- Fina, Maggy -- DeBerardinis, Ralph J -- Moresco, Eva Marie Y -- Pedersen, Gabriel -- McInerney, Gerald M -- Karlsson Hedestam, Gunilla B -- Chen, Zhijian J -- Beutler, Bruce -- P01 AI070167/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI093967/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA157996/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI100627/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Dec 19;346(6216):1486-92. doi: 10.1126/science.346.6216.1486.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8502, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics and Children's Medical Center Research Institute, and McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8502, USA. ; Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8502, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA. ; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels vag 16, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8502, USA. Bruce.Beutler@UTSouthwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25525240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/*immunology ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, T-Independent/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Cytosol/immunology ; DNA/immunology ; Endogenous Retroviruses/genetics/*immunology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Membrane Proteins/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Nucleotides, Cyclic/immunology ; Nucleotidyltransferases/genetics/*immunology ; RNA, Viral/genetics/*immunology ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    SPOP-containing complex regulates SETD2 stability and H3K36me3-coupled alternative splicing (2017)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-10
    Description: Trimethylation of histone H3K36 is a chromatin mark associated with active gene expression, which has been implicated in coupling transcription with mRNA splicing and DNA damage response. SETD2 is a major H3K36 trimethyltransferase, which has been implicated as a tumor suppressor in mammals. Here, we report the regulation of SETD2 protein stability by the proteasome system, and the identification of SPOP, a key subunit of the CUL3 ubiquitin E3 ligase complex, as a SETD2-interacting protein. We demonstrate that SPOP is critically involved in SETD2 stability control and that the SPOP/CUL3 complex is responsible for SETD2 polyubiquitination both in vivo and in vitro . ChIP-Seq analysis and biochemical experiments demonstrate that modulation of SPOP expression confers differential H3K36me3 on SETD2 target genes, and induce H3K36me3-coupled alternative splicing events. Together, these findings establish a functional connection between oncogenic SPOP and tumor suppressive SETD2 in the dynamic regulation of gene expression on chromatin.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    A posteriori local error estimation and adaptive time-stepping for newmark integration in dynamic analysis (1992)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0098-8847
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-9845
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Published by Wiley
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  • 7
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    Electromagnetic energy conversion at dipolarization fronts: Multi-spacecraft results (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-09
    Description: Dipolarization fronts (DFs) are believed to play important roles in transferring plasmas, magnetic fluxes and energies in the magnetotail. Using the Cluster observations in 2003, electromagnetic energy conversion at the DFs is investigated by case and statistical studies. The case study indicates strongest energy conversion at the DF. The statistical study shows the similar features that the energy of the fields can be significantly transferred to the plasmas (load, J·E 〉0) at the DFs. These results are consistent with some recent simulations. Examining the electromagnetic fluctuations at the DFs, we suggest that the wave activities around the lower hybrid frequency may play an important role in the energy dissipation.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
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    Cosmological constraints from the redshift dependence of the Alcock-Paczynski test and volume effect: galaxy two-point correlation function (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-23
    Description: We propose a method using the redshift dependence of the Alcock–Paczynski (AP) test and volume effect to measure the cosmic expansion history. The galaxy two-point correlation function as a function of angle, (μ), is measured at different redshifts. Assuming an incorrect cosmological model to convert galaxy redshifts to distances, the shape of (μ) appears anisotropic due to the AP effect, and the amplitude is shifted by the change in comoving volume. Due to the redshift dependence of the AP and volume effect, both the shape and amplitude of (μ) exhibit redshift dependence. Similar to Li et al. ( 2014 ), we find that the redshift-space distortions (RSD) caused by galaxy peculiar velocities, although significantly distorting (μ), exhibit much less redshift evolution compared to the AP and volume effects. By focusing on the redshift dependence of (μ), we can correctly recover the cosmological parameters despite the contamination of RSD. The method is tested by using the Horizon Run 3 N -body simulation, from which we made a series of 1/8-sky mock surveys having eight million physically self-bound haloes and sampled to have roughly a uniform number density in z  = 0–1.5. We find the AP effect results in tight, unbiased constraints on the density parameter and dark energy equation of state, with 68.3% CL intervals m  ~ 0.03 and w  ~ 0.1, and the volume effect leads to much tighter constraints of m  ~ 0.007 and w  ~ 0.035.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    On the formation of galactic black hole low-mass X-ray binaries (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-29
    Description: Currently, there are 24 black hole (BH) X-ray binary systems that have been dynamically confirmed in the Galaxy. Most of them are low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) comprised of a stellar-mass BH and a low-mass donor star. Although the formation of these systems has been extensively investigated, some crucial issues remain unresolved. The most noticeable one is that, the low-mass companion has difficulties in ejecting the tightly bound envelope of the massive primary during the spiral-in process. While initially intermediate-mass binaries are more likely to survive the common envelope (CE) evolution, the resultant BH LMXBs mismatch the observations. In this paper, we use both stellar evolution and binary population synthesis to study the evolutionary history of BH LMXBs. We test various assumptions and prescriptions for the supernova mechanisms that produce BHs, the binding energy parameter, the CE efficiency and the initial mass distributions of the companion stars. We obtain the birthrate and the distributions of the donor mass, effective temperature and orbital period for the BH LMXBs in each case. By comparing the calculated results with the observations, we put useful constraints on the aforementioned parameters. In particular, we show that it is possible to form BH LMXBs with the standard CE scenario if most BHs are born through failed supernovae.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Exploration of spin-down rate of neutron stars in high-mass X-ray binaries (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-28
    Description: We use the evolutionary population synthesis method to investigate the statistical properties of the wind-fed neutron-star (NS) compact ( P orb 〈 10 d) high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) in our Galaxy, based on different spin-down models. Model 1 assumes that the surrounding material is treated as forming a quasi-static atmosphere. Model 2 assumes that the characteristic velocity of matter and the typical Alfvén velocity of material in the magnetospheric boundary layer are comparable to the sound speed in the external medium. We find that the spin-down rate in the supersonic propeller phase in either model 1 or model 2 is too low to produce the observed number of compact HMXBs. Model 3 assumes that the infalling material is ejected with the corotation velocity at the magnetospheric radius when the magnetospheric radius is larger than the corotation radius. Model 4 uses simple integration of the magnetic torque over the magnetosphere. Both models 3 and 4 have a larger spin down rate than that given by model 1 or 2. We also find that models 3 and 4 can predict a reasonable number of observed wind-fed NS compact HMXBs. By comparing our calculated results with the observed particular distributions of wind-fed NS compact HMXBs in a P s versus P orb diagram, we find that the subsonic propeller phase may not exist at all. However, the spin-down rates in models 3 and 4 both seem reasonable to produce the observed distribution of wind-fed NS compact HMXBs in the P s versus P orb diagram. We cannot find which spin-down rate seems more reasonable from our calculations.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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