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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-03-19
    Description: Decreased cardiac contractility is a central feature of systolic heart failure. Existing drugs increase cardiac contractility indirectly through signaling cascades but are limited by their mechanism-related adverse effects. To avoid these limitations, we previously developed omecamtiv mecarbil, a small-molecule, direct activator of cardiac myosin. Here, we show that it binds to the myosin catalytic domain and operates by an allosteric mechanism to increase the transition rate of myosin into the strongly actin-bound force-generating state. Paradoxically, it inhibits adenosine 5'-triphosphate turnover in the absence of actin, which suggests that it stabilizes an actin-bound conformation of myosin. In animal models, omecamtiv mecarbil increases cardiac function by increasing the duration of ejection without changing the rates of contraction. Cardiac myosin activation may provide a new therapeutic approach for systolic heart failure.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4090309/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4090309/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malik, Fady I -- Hartman, James J -- Elias, Kathleen A -- Morgan, Bradley P -- Rodriguez, Hector -- Brejc, Katjusa -- Anderson, Robert L -- Sueoka, Sandra H -- Lee, Kenneth H -- Finer, Jeffrey T -- Sakowicz, Roman -- Baliga, Ramesh -- Cox, David R -- Garard, Marc -- Godinez, Guillermo -- Kawas, Raja -- Kraynack, Erica -- Lenzi, David -- Lu, Pu Ping -- Muci, Alexander -- Niu, Congrong -- Qian, Xiangping -- Pierce, Daniel W -- Pokrovskii, Maria -- Suehiro, Ion -- Sylvester, Sheila -- Tochimoto, Todd -- Valdez, Corey -- Wang, Wenyue -- Katori, Tatsuo -- Kass, David A -- Shen, You-Tang -- Vatner, Stephen F -- Morgans, David J -- 1-R43-HL-66647-1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL106511/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R43 HL066647/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Mar 18;331(6023):1439-43. doi: 10.1126/science.1200113.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Preclinical Research and Development, Cytokinetics, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. fmalik@cytokinetics.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21415352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actin Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Actins/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Adrenergic beta-Agonists/pharmacology ; Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cardiac Myosins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Cardiac Output/drug effects ; Dogs ; Female ; Heart Failure, Systolic/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Isoproterenol/pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction/*drug effects ; Myocytes, Cardiac/*drug effects/physiology ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Urea/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology ; Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-12-23
    Description: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has a small genome and therefore relies heavily on the host cellular machinery to replicate. Identifying which host proteins and complexes come into physical contact with the viral proteins is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of how HIV rewires the host's cellular machinery during the course of infection. Here we report the use of affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry to determine systematically the physical interactions of all 18 HIV-1 proteins and polyproteins with host proteins in two different human cell lines (HEK293 and Jurkat). Using a quantitative scoring system that we call MiST, we identified with high confidence 497 HIV-human protein-protein interactions involving 435 individual human proteins, with approximately 40% of the interactions being identified in both cell types. We found that the host proteins hijacked by HIV, especially those found interacting in both cell types, are highly conserved across primates. We uncovered a number of host complexes targeted by viral proteins, including the finding that HIV protease cleaves eIF3d, a subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3. This host protein is one of eleven identified in this analysis that act to inhibit HIV replication. This data set facilitates a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of how the host machinery is manipulated during the course of HIV infection.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3310911/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3310911/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jager, Stefanie -- Cimermancic, Peter -- Gulbahce, Natali -- Johnson, Jeffrey R -- McGovern, Kathryn E -- Clarke, Starlynn C -- Shales, Michael -- Mercenne, Gaelle -- Pache, Lars -- Li, Kathy -- Hernandez, Hilda -- Jang, Gwendolyn M -- Roth, Shoshannah L -- Akiva, Eyal -- Marlett, John -- Stephens, Melanie -- D'Orso, Ivan -- Fernandes, Jason -- Fahey, Marie -- Mahon, Cathal -- O'Donoghue, Anthony J -- Todorovic, Aleksandar -- Morris, John H -- Maltby, David A -- Alber, Tom -- Cagney, Gerard -- Bushman, Frederic D -- Young, John A -- Chanda, Sumit K -- Sundquist, Wesley I -- Kortemme, Tanja -- Hernandez, Ryan D -- Craik, Charles S -- Burlingame, Alma -- Sali, Andrej -- Frankel, Alan D -- Krogan, Nevan J -- P01 AI090935/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI090935-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM073732-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41 GM103481/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41 RR001081/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P41RR001614/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM081879/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM081879-02/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM082250/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM082250-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50GM081879/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50GM082545/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U54 RR022220/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Dec 21;481(7381):365-70. doi: 10.1038/nature10719.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22190034" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Affinity Labels ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Conserved Sequence ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3/chemistry/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; HIV Infections/metabolism/virology ; HIV Protease/metabolism ; HIV-1/*chemistry/*metabolism/physiology ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins/analysis/chemistry/isolation & ; purification/*metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoprecipitation ; Jurkat Cells ; Mass Spectrometry ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Mapping/*methods ; Protein Interaction Maps/*physiology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-12-23
    Description: Restriction factors, such as the retroviral complementary DNA deaminase APOBEC3G, are cellular proteins that dominantly block virus replication. The AIDS virus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), produces the accessory factor Vif, which counteracts the host's antiviral defence by hijacking a ubiquitin ligase complex, containing CUL5, ELOC, ELOB and a RING-box protein, and targeting APOBEC3G for degradation. Here we reveal, using an affinity tag/purification mass spectrometry approach, that Vif additionally recruits the transcription cofactor CBF-beta to this ubiquitin ligase complex. CBF-beta, which normally functions in concert with RUNX DNA binding proteins, allows the reconstitution of a recombinant six-protein assembly that elicits specific polyubiquitination activity with APOBEC3G, but not the related deaminase APOBEC3A. Using RNA knockdown and genetic complementation studies, we also demonstrate that CBF-beta is required for Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G and therefore for preserving HIV-1 infectivity. Finally, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Vif also binds to and requires CBF-beta to degrade rhesus macaque APOBEC3G, indicating functional conservation. Methods of disrupting the CBF-beta-Vif interaction might enable HIV-1 restriction and provide a supplement to current antiviral therapies that primarily target viral proteins.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3310910/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3310910/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jager, Stefanie -- Kim, Dong Young -- Hultquist, Judd F -- Shindo, Keisuke -- LaRue, Rebecca S -- Kwon, Eunju -- Li, Ming -- Anderson, Brett D -- Yen, Linda -- Stanley, David -- Mahon, Cathal -- Kane, Joshua -- Franks-Skiba, Kathy -- Cimermancic, Peter -- Burlingame, Alma -- Sali, Andrej -- Craik, Charles S -- Harris, Reuben S -- Gross, John D -- Krogan, Nevan J -- P01 AI090935/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 GM091743/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41 GM103481/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P41RR001614/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM081879/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM082250/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50 GM082250-05/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50GM081879/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI064046/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI083196/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 RR022220/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Dec 21;481(7381):371-5. doi: 10.1038/nature10693.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22190037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Affinity Labels ; Animals ; Core Binding Factor beta Subunit/*metabolism ; Cullin Proteins/metabolism ; Cytidine Deaminase/*metabolism ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Gene Products, vif/*metabolism ; Genetic Complementation Test ; HEK293 Cells ; HIV Infections/*metabolism/*virology ; HIV-1/*physiology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Macaca mulatta/metabolism/virology ; Mass Spectrometry ; Models, Biological ; Protein Binding ; Proteolysis ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/chemistry/metabolism ; Ubiquitination ; Virus Replication ; vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/*metabolism
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-05-14
    Description: We describe a general computational method for designing proteins that bind a surface patch of interest on a target macromolecule. Favorable interactions between disembodied amino acid residues and the target surface are identified and used to anchor de novo designed interfaces. The method was used to design proteins that bind a conserved surface patch on the stem of the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) from the 1918 H1N1 pandemic virus. After affinity maturation, two of the designed proteins, HB36 and HB80, bind H1 and H5 HAs with low nanomolar affinity. Further, HB80 inhibits the HA fusogenic conformational changes induced at low pH. The crystal structure of HB36 in complex with 1918/H1 HA revealed that the actual binding interface is nearly identical to that in the computational design model. Such designed binding proteins may be useful for both diagnostics and therapeutics.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164876/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164876/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fleishman, Sarel J -- Whitehead, Timothy A -- Ekiert, Damian C -- Dreyfus, Cyrille -- Corn, Jacob E -- Strauch, Eva-Maria -- Wilson, Ian A -- Baker, David -- AI057141/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI058113/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM080209/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01 AI058113-07/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Y1-CO-1020/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Y1-GM-1104/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 13;332(6031):816-21. doi: 10.1126/science.1202617.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21566186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Computational Biology ; *Computer Simulation ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/chemistry/*metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; *Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Peptide Library ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; *Protein Engineering ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Software
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: When not transporting cargo, kinesin-1 is autoinhibited by binding of a tail region to the motor domains, but the mechanism of inhibition is unclear. We report the crystal structure of a motor domain dimer in complex with its tail domain at 2.2 angstroms and compare it with a structure of the motor domain alone at 2.7 angstroms. These structures indicate that neither an induced conformational change nor steric blocking is the cause of inhibition. Instead, the tail cross-links the motor domains at a second position, in addition to the coiled coil. This "double lockdown," by cross-linking at two positions, prevents the movement of the motor domains that is needed to undock the neck linker and release adenosine diphosphate. This autoinhibition mechanism could extend to some other kinesins.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3339660/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3339660/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaan, Hung Yi Kristal -- Hackney, David D -- Kozielski, Frank -- NS058848/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS058848/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS058848-01A2/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):883-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1204824.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21836017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Catalytic Domain ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Drosophila Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry/metabolism ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Kinesin/*antagonists & inhibitors/*chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Tertiary
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-10-29
    Description: Germline mutations of the breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) gene are a major cause of familial breast and ovarian cancer. The BRCA1 protein displays E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and this enzymatic function is thought to be required for tumor suppression. To test this hypothesis, we generated mice that express an enzymatically defective Brca1. We found that this mutant Brca1 prevents tumor formation to the same degree as does wild-type Brca1 in three different genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models of cancer. In contrast, a mutation that ablates phosphoprotein recognition by the BRCA C terminus (BRCT) domains of BRCA1 elicits tumors in each of the three GEM models. Thus, BRCT phosphoprotein recognition, but not the E3 ligase activity, is required for BRCA1 tumor suppression.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3904783/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3904783/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shakya, Reena -- Reid, Latarsha J -- Reczek, Colleen R -- Cole, Francesca -- Egli, Dieter -- Lin, Chyuan-Sheng -- deRooij, Dirk G -- Hirsch, Steffen -- Ravi, Kandasamy -- Hicks, James B -- Szabolcs, Matthias -- Jasin, Maria -- Baer, Richard -- Ludwig, Thomas -- F31-CA132626/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F32-HD51392/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA097403/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01-CA97403/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA137023/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD040916/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD040916-10/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA137023/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-HD40916/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T32-CA09503/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 28;334(6055):525-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1209909.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22034435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; BRCA1 Protein/chemistry/*metabolism ; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Embryonic Stem Cells/metabolism ; *Genes, BRCA1 ; Ligands ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/*genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Multimerization ; RING Finger Domains ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/chemistry/metabolism
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-11-08
    Description: RNA interference (RNAi) pathways have evolved as important modulators of gene expression that operate in the cytoplasm by degrading RNA target molecules through the activity of short (21-30 nucleotide) RNAs. RNAi components have been reported to have a role in the nucleus, as they are involved in epigenetic regulation and heterochromatin formation. However, although RNAi-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing is well documented, the mechanisms of RNAi-mediated transcriptional gene silencing and, in particular, the role of RNAi components in chromatin dynamics, especially in animal multicellular organisms, are elusive. Here we show that the key RNAi components Dicer 2 (DCR2) and Argonaute 2 (AGO2) associate with chromatin (with a strong preference for euchromatic, transcriptionally active, loci) and interact with the core transcription machinery. Notably, loss of function of DCR2 or AGO2 showed that transcriptional defects are accompanied by the perturbation of RNA polymerase II positioning on promoters. Furthermore, after heat shock, both Dcr2 and Ago2 null mutations, as well as missense mutations that compromise the RNAi activity, impaired the global dynamics of RNA polymerase II. Finally, the deep sequencing of the AGO2-associated small RNAs (AGO2 RIP-seq) revealed that AGO2 is strongly enriched in small RNAs that encompass the promoter regions and other regions of heat-shock and other genetic loci on both the sense and antisense DNA strands, but with a strong bias for the antisense strand, particularly after heat shock. Taken together, our results show that DCR2 and AGO2 are globally associated with transcriptionally active loci and may have a pivotal role in shaping the transcriptome by controlling the processivity of RNA polymerase II.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082306/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4082306/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cernilogar, Filippo M -- Onorati, Maria Cristina -- Kothe, Greg O -- Burroughs, A Maxwell -- Parsi, Krishna Mohan -- Breiling, Achim -- Lo Sardo, Federica -- Saxena, Alka -- Miyoshi, Keita -- Siomi, Haruhiko -- Siomi, Mikiko C -- Carninci, Piero -- Gilmour, David S -- Corona, Davide F V -- Orlando, Valerio -- GM47477/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM047477/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- TCR09002/Telethon/Italy -- TCR11001/Telethon/Italy -- England -- Nature. 2011 Nov 6;480(7377):391-5. doi: 10.1038/nature10492.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Epigenetics and Genome Reprogramming, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143 Rome, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22056986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Argonaute Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Chromatin/*genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics ; Heat-Shock Response/genetics ; MicroRNAs/genetics/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Protein Binding ; RNA Helicases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; *RNA Interference ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; RNA, Double-Stranded/genetics/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Ribonuclease III/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-03-11
    Description: B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma comprises biologically and clinically distinct diseases the pathogenesis of which is associated with genetic lesions affecting oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes. We report here that the two most common types--follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma--harbour frequent structural alterations inactivating CREBBP and, more rarely, EP300, two highly related histone and non-histone acetyltransferases (HATs) that act as transcriptional co-activators in multiple signalling pathways. Overall, about 39% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and 41% of follicular lymphoma cases display genomic deletions and/or somatic mutations that remove or inactivate the HAT coding domain of these two genes. These lesions usually affect one allele, suggesting that reduction in HAT dosage is important for lymphomagenesis. We demonstrate specific defects in acetylation-mediated inactivation of the BCL6 oncoprotein and activation of the p53 tumour suppressor. These results identify CREBBP/EP300 mutations as a major pathogenetic mechanism shared by common forms of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, with direct implications for the use of drugs targeting acetylation/deacetylation mechanisms.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3271441/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3271441/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pasqualucci, Laura -- Dominguez-Sola, David -- Chiarenza, Annalisa -- Fabbri, Giulia -- Grunn, Adina -- Trifonov, Vladimir -- Kasper, Lawryn H -- Lerach, Stephanie -- Tang, Hongyan -- Ma, Jing -- Rossi, Davide -- Chadburn, Amy -- Murty, Vundavalli V -- Mullighan, Charles G -- Gaidano, Gianluca -- Rabadan, Raul -- Brindle, Paul K -- Dalla-Favera, Riccardo -- 1R01LM010140-01/LM/NLM NIH HHS/ -- DE018183/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA092625/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA092625-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P01-CA092625/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA021765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-CA37295/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA037295/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA037295-28/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54-AI057158/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 10;471(7337):189-95. doi: 10.1038/nature09730.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA. lp171@columbia.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21390126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyl Coenzyme A/metabolism ; Acetylation ; Acetyltransferases/chemistry/deficiency/*genetics/*metabolism ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; CREB-Binding Protein/chemistry/deficiency/*genetics/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; E1A-Associated p300 Protein/chemistry/deficiency/*genetics/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HEK293 Cells ; Histone Acetyltransferases/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell/*enzymology/*genetics/pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular/enzymology/genetics/pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/enzymology/genetics/pathology ; Mice ; Mutation/*genetics ; Mutation, Missense/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary/genetics ; Recurrence ; Sequence Deletion/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-04-23
    Description: TRIM5 is a RING domain-E3 ubiquitin ligase that restricts infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and other retroviruses immediately following virus invasion of the target cell cytoplasm. Antiviral potency correlates with TRIM5 avidity for the retrovirion capsid lattice and several reports indicate that TRIM5 has a role in signal transduction, but the precise mechanism of restriction is unknown. Here we demonstrate that TRIM5 promotes innate immune signalling and that this activity is amplified by retroviral infection and interaction with the capsid lattice. Acting with the heterodimeric, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC13-UEV1A (also known as UBE2N-UBE2V1), TRIM5 catalyses the synthesis of unattached K63-linked ubiquitin chains that activate the TAK1 (also known as MAP3K7) kinase complex and stimulate AP-1 and NFkappaB signalling. Interaction with the HIV-1 capsid lattice greatly enhances the UBC13-UEV1A-dependent E3 activity of TRIM5 and challenge with retroviruses induces the transcription of AP-1 and NF-kappaB-dependent factors with a magnitude that tracks with TRIM5 avidity for the invading capsid. Finally, TAK1 and UBC13-UEV1A contribute to capsid-specific restriction by TRIM5. Thus, the retroviral restriction factor TRIM5 has two additional activities that are linked to restriction: it constitutively promotes innate immune signalling and it acts as a pattern recognition receptor specific for the retrovirus capsid lattice.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3081621/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3081621/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pertel, Thomas -- Hausmann, Stephane -- Morger, Damien -- Zuger, Sara -- Guerra, Jessica -- Lascano, Josefina -- Reinhard, Christian -- Santoni, Federico A -- Uchil, Pradeep D -- Chatel, Laurence -- Bisiaux, Aurelie -- Albert, Matthew L -- Strambio-De-Castillia, Caterina -- Mothes, Walther -- Pizzato, Massimo -- Grutter, Markus G -- Luban, Jeremy -- R01 AI059159/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI059159-06/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI59159/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI087467/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21AI087467/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Apr 21;472(7343):361-5. doi: 10.1038/nature09976.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21512573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Capsid/*chemistry/*immunology ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/*immunology/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Enzyme Activation ; HEK293 Cells ; HIV-1/chemistry/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/*immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology/pharmacology ; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology/metabolism ; Retroviridae/chemistry/*immunology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects/immunology ; Transcription Factor AP-1/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Ubiquitin/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics/immunology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2011-05-17
    Description: The proto-oncogenes ETV1, ETV4 and ETV5 encode transcription factors in the E26 transformation-specific (ETS) family, which includes the most frequently rearranged and overexpressed genes in prostate cancer. Despite being critical regulators of development, little is known about their post-translational regulation. Here we identify the ubiquitin ligase COP1 (also known as RFWD2) as a tumour suppressor that negatively regulates ETV1, ETV4 and ETV5. ETV1, which is mutated in prostate cancer more often, was degraded after being ubiquitinated by COP1. Truncated ETV1 encoded by prostate cancer translocation TMPRSS2:ETV1 lacks the critical COP1 binding motifs and was 50-fold more stable than wild-type ETV1. Almost all patient translocations render ETV1 insensitive to COP1, implying that this confers a selective advantage to prostate epithelial cells. Indeed, COP1 deficiency in mouse prostate elevated ETV1 and produced increased cell proliferation, hyperplasia, and early prostate intraepithelial neoplasia. Combined loss of COP1 and PTEN enhanced the invasiveness of mouse prostate adenocarcinomas. Finally, rare human prostate cancer samples showed hemizygous loss of the COP1 gene, loss of COP1 protein, and elevated ETV1 protein while lacking a translocation event. These findings identify COP1 as a tumour suppressor whose downregulation promotes prostatic epithelial cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vitari, Alberto C -- Leong, Kevin G -- Newton, Kim -- Yee, Cindy -- O'Rourke, Karen -- Liu, Jinfeng -- Phu, Lilian -- Vij, Rajesh -- Ferrando, Ronald -- Couto, Suzana S -- Mohan, Sankar -- Pandita, Ajay -- Hongo, Jo-Anne -- Arnott, David -- Wertz, Ingrid E -- Gao, Wei-Qiang -- French, Dorothy M -- Dixit, Vishva M -- England -- Nature. 2011 May 15;474(7351):403-6. doi: 10.1038/nature10005.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Nuclear Proteins/deficiency/*metabolism ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/deficiency ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism/pathology ; Protein Binding ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Ubiquitination
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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