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  • Animals  (240)
  • Male  (76)
  • Cell Line, Tumor  (19)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (263)
  • 2010-2014  (263)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1975-1979
  • 2011  (263)
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  • 2010-2014  (263)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-03-25
    Description: Arising from M. A. Nowak, C. E. Tarnita & E. O. Wilson 466, 1057-1062 (2010); Nowak et al. reply. Nowak et al. argue that inclusive fitness theory has been of little value in explaining the natural world, and that it has led to negligible progress in explaining the evolution of eusociality. However, we believe that their arguments are based upon a misunderstanding of evolutionary theory and a misrepresentation of the empirical literature. We will focus our comments on three general issues.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3836173/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3836173/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abbot, Patrick -- Abe, Jun -- Alcock, John -- Alizon, Samuel -- Alpedrinha, Joao A C -- Andersson, Malte -- Andre, Jean-Baptiste -- van Baalen, Minus -- Balloux, Francois -- Balshine, Sigal -- Barton, Nick -- Beukeboom, Leo W -- Biernaskie, Jay M -- Bilde, Trine -- Borgia, Gerald -- Breed, Michael -- Brown, Sam -- Bshary, Redouan -- Buckling, Angus -- Burley, Nancy T -- Burton-Chellew, Max N -- Cant, Michael A -- Chapuisat, Michel -- Charnov, Eric L -- Clutton-Brock, Tim -- Cockburn, Andrew -- Cole, Blaine J -- Colegrave, Nick -- Cosmides, Leda -- Couzin, Iain D -- Coyne, Jerry A -- Creel, Scott -- Crespi, Bernard -- Curry, Robert L -- Dall, Sasha R X -- Day, Troy -- Dickinson, Janis L -- Dugatkin, Lee Alan -- El Mouden, Claire -- Emlen, Stephen T -- Evans, Jay -- Ferriere, Regis -- Field, Jeremy -- Foitzik, Susanne -- Foster, Kevin -- Foster, William A -- Fox, Charles W -- Gadau, Juergen -- Gandon, Sylvain -- Gardner, Andy -- Gardner, Michael G -- Getty, Thomas -- Goodisman, Michael A D -- Grafen, Alan -- Grosberg, Rick -- Grozinger, Christina M -- Gouyon, Pierre-Henri -- Gwynne, Darryl -- Harvey, Paul H -- Hatchwell, Ben J -- Heinze, Jurgen -- Helantera, Heikki -- Helms, Ken R -- Hill, Kim -- Jiricny, Natalie -- Johnstone, Rufus A -- Kacelnik, Alex -- Kiers, E Toby -- Kokko, Hanna -- Komdeur, Jan -- Korb, Judith -- Kronauer, Daniel -- Kummerli, Rolf -- Lehmann, Laurent -- Linksvayer, Timothy A -- Lion, Sebastien -- Lyon, Bruce -- Marshall, James A R -- McElreath, Richard -- Michalakis, Yannis -- Michod, Richard E -- Mock, Douglas -- Monnin, Thibaud -- Montgomerie, Robert -- Moore, Allen J -- Mueller, Ulrich G -- Noe, Ronald -- Okasha, Samir -- Pamilo, Pekka -- Parker, Geoff A -- Pedersen, Jes S -- Pen, Ido -- Pfennig, David -- Queller, David C -- Rankin, Daniel J -- Reece, Sarah E -- Reeve, Hudson K -- Reuter, Max -- Roberts, Gilbert -- Robson, Simon K A -- Roze, Denis -- Rousset, Francois -- Rueppell, Olav -- Sachs, Joel L -- Santorelli, Lorenzo -- Schmid-Hempel, Paul -- Schwarz, Michael P -- Scott-Phillips, Tom -- Shellmann-Sherman, Janet -- Sherman, Paul W -- Shuker, David M -- Smith, Jeff -- Spagna, Joseph C -- Strassmann, Beverly -- Suarez, Andrew V -- Sundstrom, Liselotte -- Taborsky, Michael -- Taylor, Peter -- Thompson, Graham -- Tooby, John -- Tsutsui, Neil D -- Tsuji, Kazuki -- Turillazzi, Stefano -- Ubeda, Francisco -- Vargo, Edward L -- Voelkl, Bernard -- Wenseleers, Tom -- West, Stuart A -- West-Eberhard, Mary Jane -- Westneat, David F -- Wiernasz, Diane C -- Wild, Geoff -- Wrangham, Richard -- Young, Andrew J -- Zeh, David W -- Zeh, Jeanne A -- Zink, Andrew -- BB/H022716/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 24;471(7339):E1-4; author reply E9-10. doi: 10.1038/nature09831.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21430721" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Altruism ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; Game Theory ; *Genetic Fitness ; Genetics, Population ; Heredity ; Humans ; Male ; *Models, Biological ; Phenotype ; Reproducibility of Results ; *Selection, Genetic ; Sex Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-09-02
    Description: Both obesity and being underweight have been associated with increased mortality. Underweight, defined as a body mass index (BMI) 〈/= 18.5 kg per m(2) in adults and 〈/= -2 standard deviations from the mean in children, is the main sign of a series of heterogeneous clinical conditions including failure to thrive, feeding and eating disorder and/or anorexia nervosa. In contrast to obesity, few genetic variants underlying these clinical conditions have been reported. We previously showed that hemizygosity of a approximately 600-kilobase (kb) region on the short arm of chromosome 16 causes a highly penetrant form of obesity that is often associated with hyperphagia and intellectual disabilities. Here we show that the corresponding reciprocal duplication is associated with being underweight. We identified 138 duplication carriers (including 132 novel cases and 108 unrelated carriers) from individuals clinically referred for developmental or intellectual disabilities (DD/ID) or psychiatric disorders, or recruited from population-based cohorts. These carriers show significantly reduced postnatal weight and BMI. Half of the boys younger than five years are underweight with a probable diagnosis of failure to thrive, whereas adult duplication carriers have an 8.3-fold increased risk of being clinically underweight. We observe a trend towards increased severity in males, as well as a depletion of male carriers among non-medically ascertained cases. These features are associated with an unusually high frequency of selective and restrictive eating behaviours and a significant reduction in head circumference. Each of the observed phenotypes is the converse of one reported in carriers of deletions at this locus. The phenotypes correlate with changes in transcript levels for genes mapping within the duplication but not in flanking regions. The reciprocal impact of these 16p11.2 copy-number variants indicates that severe obesity and being underweight could have mirror aetiologies, possibly through contrasting effects on energy balance.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3637175/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3637175/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jacquemont, Sebastien -- Reymond, Alexandre -- Zufferey, Flore -- Harewood, Louise -- Walters, Robin G -- Kutalik, Zoltan -- Martinet, Danielle -- Shen, Yiping -- Valsesia, Armand -- Beckmann, Noam D -- Thorleifsson, Gudmar -- Belfiore, Marco -- Bouquillon, Sonia -- Campion, Dominique -- de Leeuw, Nicole -- de Vries, Bert B A -- Esko, Tonu -- Fernandez, Bridget A -- Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando -- Fernandez-Real, Jose Manuel -- Gratacos, Monica -- Guilmatre, Audrey -- Hoyer, Juliane -- Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta -- Kooy, R Frank -- Kurg, Ants -- Le Caignec, Cedric -- Mannik, Katrin -- Platt, Orah S -- Sanlaville, Damien -- Van Haelst, Mieke M -- Villatoro Gomez, Sergi -- Walha, Faida -- Wu, Bai-Lin -- Yu, Yongguo -- Aboura, Azzedine -- Addor, Marie-Claude -- Alembik, Yves -- Antonarakis, Stylianos E -- Arveiler, Benoit -- Barth, Magalie -- Bednarek, Nathalie -- Bena, Frederique -- Bergmann, Sven -- Beri, Mylene -- Bernardini, Laura -- Blaumeiser, Bettina -- Bonneau, Dominique -- Bottani, Armand -- Boute, Odile -- Brunner, Han G -- Cailley, Dorothee -- Callier, Patrick -- Chiesa, Jean -- Chrast, Jacqueline -- Coin, Lachlan -- Coutton, Charles -- Cuisset, Jean-Marie -- Cuvellier, Jean-Christophe -- David, Albert -- de Freminville, Benedicte -- Delobel, Bruno -- Delrue, Marie-Ange -- Demeer, Benedicte -- Descamps, Dominique -- Didelot, Gerard -- Dieterich, Klaus -- Disciglio, Vittoria -- Doco-Fenzy, Martine -- Drunat, Severine -- Duban-Bedu, Benedicte -- Dubourg, Christele -- El-Sayed Moustafa, Julia S -- Elliott, Paul -- Faas, Brigitte H W -- Faivre, Laurence -- Faudet, Anne -- Fellmann, Florence -- Ferrarini, Alessandra -- Fisher, Richard -- Flori, Elisabeth -- Forer, Lukas -- Gaillard, Dominique -- Gerard, Marion -- Gieger, Christian -- Gimelli, Stefania -- Gimelli, Giorgio -- Grabe, Hans J -- Guichet, Agnes -- Guillin, Olivier -- Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa -- Heron, Delphine -- Hippolyte, Loyse -- Holder, Muriel -- Homuth, Georg -- Isidor, Bertrand -- Jaillard, Sylvie -- Jaros, Zdenek -- Jimenez-Murcia, Susana -- Helas, Geraldine Joly -- Jonveaux, Philippe -- Kaksonen, Satu -- Keren, Boris -- Kloss-Brandstatter, Anita -- Knoers, Nine V A M -- Koolen, David A -- Kroisel, Peter M -- Kronenberg, Florian -- Labalme, Audrey -- Landais, Emilie -- Lapi, Elisabetta -- Layet, Valerie -- Legallic, Solenn -- Leheup, Bruno -- Leube, Barbara -- Lewis, Suzanne -- Lucas, Josette -- MacDermot, Kay D -- Magnusson, Pall -- Marshall, Christian -- Mathieu-Dramard, Michele -- McCarthy, Mark I -- Meitinger, Thomas -- Mencarelli, Maria Antonietta -- Merla, Giuseppe -- Moerman, Alexandre -- Mooser, Vincent -- Morice-Picard, Fanny -- Mucciolo, Mafalda -- Nauck, Matthias -- Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba -- Nordgren, Ann -- Pasquier, Laurent -- Petit, Florence -- Pfundt, Rolph -- Plessis, Ghislaine -- Rajcan-Separovic, Evica -- Ramelli, Gian Paolo -- Rauch, Anita -- Ravazzolo, Roberto -- Reis, Andre -- Renieri, Alessandra -- Richart, Cristobal -- Ried, Janina S -- Rieubland, Claudine -- Roberts, Wendy -- Roetzer, Katharina M -- Rooryck, Caroline -- Rossi, Massimiliano -- Saemundsen, Evald -- Satre, Veronique -- Schurmann, Claudia -- Sigurdsson, Engilbert -- Stavropoulos, Dimitri J -- Stefansson, Hreinn -- Tengstrom, Carola -- Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur -- Tinahones, Francisco J -- Touraine, Renaud -- Vallee, Louis -- van Binsbergen, Ellen -- Van der Aa, Nathalie -- Vincent-Delorme, Catherine -- Visvikis-Siest, Sophie -- Vollenweider, Peter -- Volzke, Henry -- Vulto-van Silfhout, Anneke T -- Waeber, Gerard -- Wallgren-Pettersson, Carina -- Witwicki, Robert M -- Zwolinksi, Simon -- Andrieux, Joris -- Estivill, Xavier -- Gusella, James F -- Gustafsson, Omar -- Metspalu, Andres -- Scherer, Stephen W -- Stefansson, Kari -- Blakemore, Alexandra I F -- Beckmann, Jacques S -- Froguel, Philippe -- 090532/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 1RL1MH083268-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- 5R01HL087679-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- 5R01MH63706:02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- AS2173/Autism Speaks/ -- G0500539/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600705/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0801056/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- GM061354/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MH071425/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MOP 74502/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Aug 31;478(7367):97-102. doi: 10.1038/nature10406.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21881559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aging ; Body Height/genetics ; *Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/*genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Developmental Disabilities/genetics ; Energy Metabolism/genetics ; Europe ; Female ; Gene Dosage/*genetics ; Gene Duplication/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Head/anatomy & histology ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mental Disorders/genetics ; Middle Aged ; Mutation/genetics ; North America ; Obesity/*genetics ; *Phenotype ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Sequence Deletion/genetics ; Thinness/*genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-12-06
    Description: Platelets are the second most abundant cell type in blood and are essential for maintaining haemostasis. Their count and volume are tightly controlled within narrow physiological ranges, but there is only limited understanding of the molecular processes controlling both traits. Here we carried out a high-powered meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in up to 66,867 individuals of European ancestry, followed by extensive biological and functional assessment. We identified 68 genomic loci reliably associated with platelet count and volume mapping to established and putative novel regulators of megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation. These genes show megakaryocyte-specific gene expression patterns and extensive network connectivity. Using gene silencing in Danio rerio and Drosophila melanogaster, we identified 11 of the genes as novel regulators of blood cell formation. Taken together, our findings advance understanding of novel gene functions controlling fate-determining events during megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation, providing a new example of successful translation of GWAS to function.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3335296/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3335296/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gieger, Christian -- Radhakrishnan, Aparna -- Cvejic, Ana -- Tang, Weihong -- Porcu, Eleonora -- Pistis, Giorgio -- Serbanovic-Canic, Jovana -- Elling, Ulrich -- Goodall, Alison H -- Labrune, Yann -- Lopez, Lorna M -- Magi, Reedik -- Meacham, Stuart -- Okada, Yukinori -- Pirastu, Nicola -- Sorice, Rossella -- Teumer, Alexander -- Voss, Katrin -- Zhang, Weihua -- Ramirez-Solis, Ramiro -- Bis, Joshua C -- Ellinghaus, David -- Gogele, Martin -- Hottenga, Jouke-Jan -- Langenberg, Claudia -- Kovacs, Peter -- O'Reilly, Paul F -- Shin, So-Youn -- Esko, Tonu -- Hartiala, Jaana -- Kanoni, Stavroula -- Murgia, Federico -- Parsa, Afshin -- Stephens, Jonathan -- van der Harst, Pim -- Ellen van der Schoot, C -- Allayee, Hooman -- Attwood, Antony -- Balkau, Beverley -- Bastardot, Francois -- Basu, Saonli -- Baumeister, Sebastian E -- Biino, Ginevra -- Bomba, Lorenzo -- Bonnefond, Amelie -- Cambien, Francois -- Chambers, John C -- Cucca, Francesco -- D'Adamo, Pio -- Davies, Gail -- de Boer, Rudolf A -- de Geus, Eco J C -- Doring, Angela -- Elliott, Paul -- Erdmann, Jeanette -- Evans, David M -- Falchi, Mario -- Feng, Wei -- Folsom, Aaron R -- Frazer, Ian H -- Gibson, Quince D -- Glazer, Nicole L -- Hammond, Chris -- Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa -- Heckbert, Susan R -- Hengstenberg, Christian -- Hersch, Micha -- Illig, Thomas -- Loos, Ruth J F -- Jolley, Jennifer -- Khaw, Kay Tee -- Kuhnel, Brigitte -- Kyrtsonis, Marie-Christine -- Lagou, Vasiliki -- Lloyd-Jones, Heather -- Lumley, Thomas -- Mangino, Massimo -- Maschio, Andrea -- Mateo Leach, Irene -- McKnight, Barbara -- Memari, Yasin -- Mitchell, Braxton D -- Montgomery, Grant W -- Nakamura, Yusuke -- Nauck, Matthias -- Navis, Gerjan -- Nothlings, Ute -- Nolte, Ilja M -- Porteous, David J -- Pouta, Anneli -- Pramstaller, Peter P -- Pullat, Janne -- Ring, Susan M -- Rotter, Jerome I -- Ruggiero, Daniela -- Ruokonen, Aimo -- Sala, Cinzia -- Samani, Nilesh J -- Sambrook, Jennifer -- Schlessinger, David -- Schreiber, Stefan -- Schunkert, Heribert -- Scott, James -- Smith, Nicholas L -- Snieder, Harold -- Starr, John M -- Stumvoll, Michael -- Takahashi, Atsushi -- Tang, W H Wilson -- Taylor, Kent -- Tenesa, Albert -- Lay Thein, Swee -- Tonjes, Anke -- Uda, Manuela -- Ulivi, Sheila -- van Veldhuisen, Dirk J -- Visscher, Peter M -- Volker, Uwe -- Wichmann, H-Erich -- Wiggins, Kerri L -- Willemsen, Gonneke -- Yang, Tsun-Po -- Hua Zhao, Jing -- Zitting, Paavo -- Bradley, John R -- Dedoussis, George V -- Gasparini, Paolo -- Hazen, Stanley L -- Metspalu, Andres -- Pirastu, Mario -- Shuldiner, Alan R -- Joost van Pelt, L -- Zwaginga, Jaap-Jan -- Boomsma, Dorret I -- Deary, Ian J -- Franke, Andre -- Froguel, Philippe -- Ganesh, Santhi K -- Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta -- Martin, Nicholas G -- Meisinger, Christa -- Psaty, Bruce M -- Spector, Timothy D -- Wareham, Nicholas J -- Akkerman, Jan-Willem N -- Ciullo, Marina -- Deloukas, Panos -- Greinacher, Andreas -- Jupe, Steve -- Kamatani, Naoyuki -- Khadake, Jyoti -- Kooner, Jaspal S -- Penninger, Josef -- Prokopenko, Inga -- Stemple, Derek -- Toniolo, Daniela -- Wernisch, Lorenz -- Sanna, Serena -- Hicks, Andrew A -- Rendon, Augusto -- Ferreira, Manuel A -- Ouwehand, Willem H -- Soranzo, Nicole -- 092731/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 098051/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BB/F019394/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- CZB/4/505/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom -- ETM/55/Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom -- G0000111/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0601966/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0700704/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0700931/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0701120/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0701863/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0801056/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G1000143/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- K12 RR023250/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- K12 RR023250-05/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- M01 RR016500/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- M01 RR016500-08/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- MC_U105260799/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U106179471/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U106188470/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- N01 HC055015/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01 HC055016/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01 HC055018/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01 HC055019/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01 HC055020/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01 HC055021/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01 HC055022/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01 HC085079/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL076491/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL076491-09/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL098055/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL098055-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK072488/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK072488-08/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P41 HG003751/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG018728/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG018728-05S1/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM053275/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM053275-14/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD042157/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD042157-01A1/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL059367/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL059367-11/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL068986/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL068986-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL073410/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL073410-08/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL085251/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL085251-04/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL086694/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL086694-05/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL087641/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL087641-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL087679-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL088119/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL088119-04/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL103866/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL103866-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL105756/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RG/09/012/28096/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- RL1 MH083268/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- RL1 MH083268-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- U01 GM074518/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 GM074518-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL072515/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL072515-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL084756/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL084756-03/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U54 RR020278/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U54 RR020278-06/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR025005/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR025005-05/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- WT077037/Z/05/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- WT077047/Z/05/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- WT082597/Z/07/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Nov 30;480(7376):201-8. doi: 10.1038/nature10659.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstadter Landstr 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. christian.gieger@helmholtz-muenchen.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22139419" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Platelets/*cytology/metabolism ; Cell Size ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Europe ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Silencing ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Hematopoiesis/*genetics ; Humans ; Megakaryocytes/*cytology/metabolism ; Platelet Count ; Protein Interaction Maps ; Transcription, Genetic/genetics ; Zebrafish/genetics ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-10-14
    Description: The comparison of related genomes has emerged as a powerful lens for genome interpretation. Here we report the sequencing and comparative analysis of 29 eutherian genomes. We confirm that at least 5.5% of the human genome has undergone purifying selection, and locate constrained elements covering approximately 4.2% of the genome. We use evolutionary signatures and comparisons with experimental data sets to suggest candidate functions for approximately 60% of constrained bases. These elements reveal a small number of new coding exons, candidate stop codon readthrough events and over 10,000 regions of overlapping synonymous constraint within protein-coding exons. We find 220 candidate RNA structural families, and nearly a million elements overlapping potential promoter, enhancer and insulator regions. We report specific amino acid residues that have undergone positive selection, 280,000 non-coding elements exapted from mobile elements and more than 1,000 primate- and human-accelerated elements. Overlap with disease-associated variants indicates that our findings will be relevant for studies of human biology, health and disease.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3207357/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3207357/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin -- Garber, Manuel -- Zuk, Or -- Lin, Michael F -- Parker, Brian J -- Washietl, Stefan -- Kheradpour, Pouya -- Ernst, Jason -- Jordan, Gregory -- Mauceli, Evan -- Ward, Lucas D -- Lowe, Craig B -- Holloway, Alisha K -- Clamp, Michele -- Gnerre, Sante -- Alfoldi, Jessica -- Beal, Kathryn -- Chang, Jean -- Clawson, Hiram -- Cuff, James -- Di Palma, Federica -- Fitzgerald, Stephen -- Flicek, Paul -- Guttman, Mitchell -- Hubisz, Melissa J -- Jaffe, David B -- Jungreis, Irwin -- Kent, W James -- Kostka, Dennis -- Lara, Marcia -- Martins, Andre L -- Massingham, Tim -- Moltke, Ida -- Raney, Brian J -- Rasmussen, Matthew D -- Robinson, Jim -- Stark, Alexander -- Vilella, Albert J -- Wen, Jiayu -- Xie, Xiaohui -- Zody, Michael C -- Broad Institute Sequencing Platform and Whole Genome Assembly Team -- Baldwin, Jen -- Bloom, Toby -- Chin, Chee Whye -- Heiman, Dave -- Nicol, Robert -- Nusbaum, Chad -- Young, Sarah -- Wilkinson, Jane -- Worley, Kim C -- Kovar, Christie L -- Muzny, Donna M -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center Sequencing Team -- Cree, Andrew -- Dihn, Huyen H -- Fowler, Gerald -- Jhangiani, Shalili -- Joshi, Vandita -- Lee, Sandra -- Lewis, Lora R -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Okwuonu, Geoffrey -- Santibanez, Jireh -- Warren, Wesley C -- Mardis, Elaine R -- Weinstock, George M -- Wilson, Richard K -- Genome Institute at Washington University -- Delehaunty, Kim -- Dooling, David -- Fronik, Catrina -- Fulton, Lucinda -- Fulton, Bob -- Graves, Tina -- Minx, Patrick -- Sodergren, Erica -- Birney, Ewan -- Margulies, Elliott H -- Herrero, Javier -- Green, Eric D -- Haussler, David -- Siepel, Adam -- Goldman, Nick -- Pollard, Katherine S -- Pedersen, Jakob S -- Lander, Eric S -- Kellis, Manolis -- 095908/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- GM82901/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG003474/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG004037/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067-09/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Oct 12;478(7370):476-82. doi: 10.1038/nature10530.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. kersli@broadinstitute.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21993624" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Exons/genetics ; Genome/*genetics ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genomics ; Health ; Humans ; Mammals/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Phylogeny ; RNA/classification/genetics ; Selection, Genetic/genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-09-02
    Description: The evolution of the amniotic egg was one of the great evolutionary innovations in the history of life, freeing vertebrates from an obligatory connection to water and thus permitting the conquest of terrestrial environments. Among amniotes, genome sequences are available for mammals and birds, but not for non-avian reptiles. Here we report the genome sequence of the North American green anole lizard, Anolis carolinensis. We find that A. carolinensis microchromosomes are highly syntenic with chicken microchromosomes, yet do not exhibit the high GC and low repeat content that are characteristic of avian microchromosomes. Also, A. carolinensis mobile elements are very young and diverse-more so than in any other sequenced amniote genome. The GC content of this lizard genome is also unusual in its homogeneity, unlike the regionally variable GC content found in mammals and birds. We describe and assign sequence to the previously unknown A. carolinensis X chromosome. Comparative gene analysis shows that amniote egg proteins have evolved significantly more rapidly than other proteins. An anole phylogeny resolves basal branches to illuminate the history of their repeated adaptive radiations.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184186/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3184186/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alfoldi, Jessica -- Di Palma, Federica -- Grabherr, Manfred -- Williams, Christina -- Kong, Lesheng -- Mauceli, Evan -- Russell, Pamela -- Lowe, Craig B -- Glor, Richard E -- Jaffe, Jacob D -- Ray, David A -- Boissinot, Stephane -- Shedlock, Andrew M -- Botka, Christopher -- Castoe, Todd A -- Colbourne, John K -- Fujita, Matthew K -- Moreno, Ricardo Godinez -- ten Hallers, Boudewijn F -- Haussler, David -- Heger, Andreas -- Heiman, David -- Janes, Daniel E -- Johnson, Jeremy -- de Jong, Pieter J -- Koriabine, Maxim Y -- Lara, Marcia -- Novick, Peter A -- Organ, Chris L -- Peach, Sally E -- Poe, Steven -- Pollock, David D -- de Queiroz, Kevin -- Sanger, Thomas -- Searle, Steve -- Smith, Jeremy D -- Smith, Zachary -- Swofford, Ross -- Turner-Maier, Jason -- Wade, Juli -- Young, Sarah -- Zadissa, Amonida -- Edwards, Scott V -- Glenn, Travis C -- Schneider, Christopher J -- Losos, Jonathan B -- Lander, Eric S -- Breen, Matthew -- Ponting, Chris P -- Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin -- BB/F007590/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U137761446/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003067-08/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Aug 31;477(7366):587-91. doi: 10.1038/nature10390.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. jalfoldi@broadinstitute.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21881562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birds/*genetics ; Chickens/genetics ; *Evolution, Molecular ; GC Rich Sequence/genetics ; Genome/*genetics ; Genomics ; Humans ; Lizards/*genetics ; Mammals/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Synteny/genetics ; X Chromosome/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-11-04
    Description: Despite decades of research, the roles of climate and humans in driving the dramatic extinctions of large-bodied mammals during the Late Quaternary period remain contentious. Here we use ancient DNA, species distribution models and the human fossil record to elucidate how climate and humans shaped the demographic history of woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, wild horse, reindeer, bison and musk ox. We show that climate has been a major driver of population change over the past 50,000 years. However, each species responds differently to the effects of climatic shifts, habitat redistribution and human encroachment. Although climate change alone can explain the extinction of some species, such as Eurasian musk ox and woolly rhinoceros, a combination of climatic and anthropogenic effects appears to be responsible for the extinction of others, including Eurasian steppe bison and wild horse. We find no genetic signature or any distinctive range dynamics distinguishing extinct from surviving species, emphasizing the challenges associated with predicting future responses of extant mammals to climate and human-mediated habitat change.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4070744/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4070744/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorenzen, Eline D -- Nogues-Bravo, David -- Orlando, Ludovic -- Weinstock, Jaco -- Binladen, Jonas -- Marske, Katharine A -- Ugan, Andrew -- Borregaard, Michael K -- Gilbert, M Thomas P -- Nielsen, Rasmus -- Ho, Simon Y W -- Goebel, Ted -- Graf, Kelly E -- Byers, David -- Stenderup, Jesper T -- Rasmussen, Morten -- Campos, Paula F -- Leonard, Jennifer A -- Koepfli, Klaus-Peter -- Froese, Duane -- Zazula, Grant -- Stafford, Thomas W Jr -- Aaris-Sorensen, Kim -- Batra, Persaram -- Haywood, Alan M -- Singarayer, Joy S -- Valdes, Paul J -- Boeskorov, Gennady -- Burns, James A -- Davydov, Sergey P -- Haile, James -- Jenkins, Dennis L -- Kosintsev, Pavel -- Kuznetsova, Tatyana -- Lai, Xulong -- Martin, Larry D -- McDonald, H Gregory -- Mol, Dick -- Meldgaard, Morten -- Munch, Kasper -- Stephan, Elisabeth -- Sablin, Mikhail -- Sommer, Robert S -- Sipko, Taras -- Scott, Eric -- Suchard, Marc A -- Tikhonov, Alexei -- Willerslev, Rane -- Wayne, Robert K -- Cooper, Alan -- Hofreiter, Michael -- Sher, Andrei -- Shapiro, Beth -- Rahbek, Carsten -- Willerslev, Eske -- R01 HG003229/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Nov 2;479(7373):359-64. doi: 10.1038/nature10574.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for GeoGenetics, University of Copenhagen, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22048313" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; *Biota ; Bison ; Climate Change/*history ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis/genetics ; Europe ; *Extinction, Biological ; Fossils ; Genetic Variation ; Geography ; History, Ancient ; Horses ; Human Activities/*history ; Humans ; Mammals/genetics/*physiology ; Mammoths ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Population Dynamics ; Reindeer ; Siberia ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-01-29
    Description: 'Orang-utan' is derived from a Malay term meaning 'man of the forest' and aptly describes the southeast Asian great apes native to Sumatra and Borneo. The orang-utan species, Pongo abelii (Sumatran) and Pongo pygmaeus (Bornean), are the most phylogenetically distant great apes from humans, thereby providing an informative perspective on hominid evolution. Here we present a Sumatran orang-utan draft genome assembly and short read sequence data from five Sumatran and five Bornean orang-utan genomes. Our analyses reveal that, compared to other primates, the orang-utan genome has many unique features. Structural evolution of the orang-utan genome has proceeded much more slowly than other great apes, evidenced by fewer rearrangements, less segmental duplication, a lower rate of gene family turnover and surprisingly quiescent Alu repeats, which have played a major role in restructuring other primate genomes. We also describe a primate polymorphic neocentromere, found in both Pongo species, emphasizing the gradual evolution of orang-utan genome structure. Orang-utans have extremely low energy usage for a eutherian mammal, far lower than their hominid relatives. Adding their genome to the repertoire of sequenced primates illuminates new signals of positive selection in several pathways including glycolipid metabolism. From the population perspective, both Pongo species are deeply diverse; however, Sumatran individuals possess greater diversity than their Bornean counterparts, and more species-specific variation. Our estimate of Bornean/Sumatran speciation time, 400,000 years ago, is more recent than most previous studies and underscores the complexity of the orang-utan speciation process. Despite a smaller modern census population size, the Sumatran effective population size (N(e)) expanded exponentially relative to the ancestral N(e) after the split, while Bornean N(e) declined over the same period. Overall, the resources and analyses presented here offer new opportunities in evolutionary genomics, insights into hominid biology, and an extensive database of variation for conservation efforts.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3060778/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3060778/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Locke, Devin P -- Hillier, LaDeana W -- Warren, Wesley C -- Worley, Kim C -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Muzny, Donna M -- Yang, Shiaw-Pyng -- Wang, Zhengyuan -- Chinwalla, Asif T -- Minx, Pat -- Mitreva, Makedonka -- Cook, Lisa -- Delehaunty, Kim D -- Fronick, Catrina -- Schmidt, Heather -- Fulton, Lucinda A -- Fulton, Robert S -- Nelson, Joanne O -- Magrini, Vincent -- Pohl, Craig -- Graves, Tina A -- Markovic, Chris -- Cree, Andy -- Dinh, Huyen H -- Hume, Jennifer -- Kovar, Christie L -- Fowler, Gerald R -- Lunter, Gerton -- Meader, Stephen -- Heger, Andreas -- Ponting, Chris P -- Marques-Bonet, Tomas -- Alkan, Can -- Chen, Lin -- Cheng, Ze -- Kidd, Jeffrey M -- Eichler, Evan E -- White, Simon -- Searle, Stephen -- Vilella, Albert J -- Chen, Yuan -- Flicek, Paul -- Ma, Jian -- Raney, Brian -- Suh, Bernard -- Burhans, Richard -- Herrero, Javier -- Haussler, David -- Faria, Rui -- Fernando, Olga -- Darre, Fleur -- Farre, Domenec -- Gazave, Elodie -- Oliva, Meritxell -- Navarro, Arcadi -- Roberto, Roberta -- Capozzi, Oronzo -- Archidiacono, Nicoletta -- Della Valle, Giuliano -- Purgato, Stefania -- Rocchi, Mariano -- Konkel, Miriam K -- Walker, Jerilyn A -- Ullmer, Brygg -- Batzer, Mark A -- Smit, Arian F A -- Hubley, Robert -- Casola, Claudio -- Schrider, Daniel R -- Hahn, Matthew W -- Quesada, Victor -- Puente, Xose S -- Ordonez, Gonzalo R -- Lopez-Otin, Carlos -- Vinar, Tomas -- Brejova, Brona -- Ratan, Aakrosh -- Harris, Robert S -- Miller, Webb -- Kosiol, Carolin -- Lawson, Heather A -- Taliwal, Vikas -- Martins, Andre L -- Siepel, Adam -- Roychoudhury, Arindam -- Ma, Xin -- Degenhardt, Jeremiah -- Bustamante, Carlos D -- Gutenkunst, Ryan N -- Mailund, Thomas -- Dutheil, Julien Y -- Hobolth, Asger -- Schierup, Mikkel H -- Ryder, Oliver A -- Yoshinaga, Yuko -- de Jong, Pieter J -- Weinstock, George M -- Rogers, Jeffrey -- Mardis, Elaine R -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Wilson, Richard K -- G0501331/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- HG002238/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- HG002385/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- MC_U137761446/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- P01 AG022064/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM059290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM59290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG002939/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003079/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003079-08/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jan 27;469(7331):529-33. doi: 10.1038/nature09687.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Genome Center at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, Saint Louis, Missouri 63108, USA. dlocke@wustl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21270892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Centromere/genetics ; Cerebrosides/metabolism ; Chromosomes ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement/genetics ; Genetic Speciation ; *Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Genome/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Pongo abelii/*genetics ; Pongo pygmaeus/*genetics ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Species Specificity
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-01-21
    Description: The genetics of renal cancer is dominated by inactivation of the VHL tumour suppressor gene in clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the commonest histological subtype. A recent large-scale screen of approximately 3,500 genes by PCR-based exon re-sequencing identified several new cancer genes in ccRCC including UTX (also known as KDM6A), JARID1C (also known as KDM5C) and SETD2 (ref. 2). These genes encode enzymes that demethylate (UTX, JARID1C) or methylate (SETD2) key lysine residues of histone H3. Modification of the methylation state of these lysine residues of histone H3 regulates chromatin structure and is implicated in transcriptional control. However, together these mutations are present in fewer than 15% of ccRCC, suggesting the existence of additional, currently unidentified cancer genes. Here, we have sequenced the protein coding exome in a series of primary ccRCC and report the identification of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex gene PBRM1 (ref. 4) as a second major ccRCC cancer gene, with truncating mutations in 41% (92/227) of cases. These data further elucidate the somatic genetic architecture of ccRCC and emphasize the marked contribution of aberrant chromatin biology.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030920/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030920/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Varela, Ignacio -- Tarpey, Patrick -- Raine, Keiran -- Huang, Dachuan -- Ong, Choon Kiat -- Stephens, Philip -- Davies, Helen -- Jones, David -- Lin, Meng-Lay -- Teague, Jon -- Bignell, Graham -- Butler, Adam -- Cho, Juok -- Dalgliesh, Gillian L -- Galappaththige, Danushka -- Greenman, Chris -- Hardy, Claire -- Jia, Mingming -- Latimer, Calli -- Lau, King Wai -- Marshall, John -- McLaren, Stuart -- Menzies, Andrew -- Mudie, Laura -- Stebbings, Lucy -- Largaespada, David A -- Wessels, L F A -- Richard, Stephane -- Kahnoski, Richard J -- Anema, John -- Tuveson, David A -- Perez-Mancera, Pedro A -- Mustonen, Ville -- Fischer, Andrej -- Adams, David J -- Rust, Alistair -- Chan-on, Waraporn -- Subimerb, Chutima -- Dykema, Karl -- Furge, Kyle -- Campbell, Peter J -- Teh, Bin Tean -- Stratton, Michael R -- Futreal, P Andrew -- 077012/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 077012/Z/05/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 088340/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 093867/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- R01 CA113636/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA134759/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2011 Jan 27;469(7331):539-42. doi: 10.1038/nature09639. Epub 2011 Jan 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21248752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/*genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/*genetics ; Mice ; Mutation/*genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics/*metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics/*metabolism
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: So far, two genes associated with familial melanoma have been identified, accounting for a minority of genetic risk in families. Mutations in CDKN2A account for approximately 40% of familial cases, and predisposing mutations in CDK4 have been reported in a very small number of melanoma kindreds. Here we report the whole-genome sequencing of probands from several melanoma families, which we performed in order to identify other genes associated with familial melanoma. We identify one individual carrying a novel germline variant (coding DNA sequence c.G1075A; protein sequence p.E318K; rs149617956) in the melanoma-lineage-specific oncogene microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Although the variant co-segregated with melanoma in some but not all cases in the family, linkage analysis of 31 families subsequently identified to carry the variant generated a log of odds (lod) score of 2.7 under a dominant model, indicating E318K as a possible intermediate risk variant. Consistent with this, the E318K variant was significantly associated with melanoma in a large Australian case-control sample. Likewise, it was similarly associated in an independent case-control sample from the United Kingdom. In the Australian sample, the variant allele was significantly over-represented in cases with a family history of melanoma, multiple primary melanomas, or both. The variant allele was also associated with increased naevus count and non-blue eye colour. Functional analysis of E318K showed that MITF encoded by the variant allele had impaired sumoylation and differentially regulated several MITF targets. These data indicate that MITF is a melanoma-predisposition gene and highlight the utility of whole-genome sequencing to identify novel rare variants associated with disease susceptibility.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3266855/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3266855/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yokoyama, Satoru -- Woods, Susan L -- Boyle, Glen M -- Aoude, Lauren G -- MacGregor, Stuart -- Zismann, Victoria -- Gartside, Michael -- Cust, Anne E -- Haq, Rizwan -- Harland, Mark -- Taylor, John C -- Duffy, David L -- Holohan, Kelly -- Dutton-Regester, Ken -- Palmer, Jane M -- Bonazzi, Vanessa -- Stark, Mitchell S -- Symmons, Judith -- Law, Matthew H -- Schmidt, Christopher -- Lanagan, Cathy -- O'Connor, Linda -- Holland, Elizabeth A -- Schmid, Helen -- Maskiell, Judith A -- Jetann, Jodie -- Ferguson, Megan -- Jenkins, Mark A -- Kefford, Richard F -- Giles, Graham G -- Armstrong, Bruce K -- Aitken, Joanne F -- Hopper, John L -- Whiteman, David C -- Pharoah, Paul D -- Easton, Douglas F -- Dunning, Alison M -- Newton-Bishop, Julia A -- Montgomery, Grant W -- Martin, Nicholas G -- Mann, Graham J -- Bishop, D Timothy -- Tsao, Hensin -- Trent, Jeffrey M -- Fisher, David E -- Hayward, Nicholas K -- Brown, Kevin M -- 10118/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- 10589/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- AR043369-14/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- C490/A11021/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- C588/A10589/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- C588/A4994/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- C8197/A10123/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- C8216/A6129/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- CA88363/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K24CA149202/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50CA9368/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR043369/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA-83115-01A2/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA088363/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA088363-09/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA83115/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Nov 13;480(7375):99-103. doi: 10.1038/nature10630.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22080950" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma/*genetics ; Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor/*genetics ; Middle Aged ; *Mutation ; Sumoylation/genetics ; Young Adult
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2011-02-08
    Description: Geographic atrophy (GA), an untreatable advanced form of age-related macular degeneration, results from retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cell degeneration. Here we show that the microRNA (miRNA)-processing enzyme DICER1 is reduced in the RPE of humans with GA, and that conditional ablation of Dicer1, but not seven other miRNA-processing enzymes, induces RPE degeneration in mice. DICER1 knockdown induces accumulation of Alu RNA in human RPE cells and Alu-like B1 and B2 RNAs in mouse RPE. Alu RNA is increased in the RPE of humans with GA, and this pathogenic RNA induces human RPE cytotoxicity and RPE degeneration in mice. Antisense oligonucleotides targeting Alu/B1/B2 RNAs prevent DICER1 depletion-induced RPE degeneration despite global miRNA downregulation. DICER1 degrades Alu RNA, and this digested Alu RNA cannot induce RPE degeneration in mice. These findings reveal a miRNA-independent cell survival function for DICER1 involving retrotransposon transcript degradation, show that Alu RNA can directly cause human pathology, and identify new targets for a major cause of blindness.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3077055/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3077055/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaneko, Hiroki -- Dridi, Sami -- Tarallo, Valeria -- Gelfand, Bradley D -- Fowler, Benjamin J -- Cho, Won Gil -- Kleinman, Mark E -- Ponicsan, Steven L -- Hauswirth, William W -- Chiodo, Vince A -- Kariko, Katalin -- Yoo, Jae Wook -- Lee, Dong-ki -- Hadziahmetovic, Majda -- Song, Ying -- Misra, Smita -- Chaudhuri, Gautam -- Buaas, Frank W -- Braun, Robert E -- Hinton, David R -- Zhang, Qing -- Grossniklaus, Hans E -- Provis, Jan M -- Madigan, Michele C -- Milam, Ann H -- Justice, Nikki L -- Albuquerque, Romulo J C -- Blandford, Alexander D -- Bogdanovich, Sasha -- Hirano, Yoshio -- Witta, Jassir -- Fuchs, Elaine -- Littman, Dan R -- Ambati, Balamurali K -- Rudin, Charles M -- Chong, Mark M W -- Provost, Patrick -- Kugel, Jennifer F -- Goodrich, James A -- Dunaief, Joshua L -- Baffi, Judit Z -- Ambati, Jayakrishna -- NIHU10EY013729/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30 EY006360/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30 EY014800/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30 EY014800-07/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30 EY021721/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30EY003040/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30EY008571/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- P30EY06360/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018350/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018350-05/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018836/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY018836-04/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY020672/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY020672-02/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM068414/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01EY001545/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY011123/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY015240/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY015422/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY017182/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY017950/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY018350/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY018836/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01EY020672/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01GM068414/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01HD027215/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R21 EY019778/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R21 EY019778-02/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R21AI076757/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21EY019778/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- RC1 EY020442/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- RC1 EY020442-02/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- RC1EY020442/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- T32HL091812/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Mar 17;471(7338):325-30. doi: 10.1038/nature09830. Epub 2011 Feb 6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21297615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alu Elements/*genetics ; Animals ; Cell Death ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases/*deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Humans ; Macular Degeneration/*genetics/*pathology ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; Phenotype ; RNA/*genetics/*metabolism ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium/enzymology/metabolism/pathology ; Ribonuclease III/*deficiency/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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