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  • *Ecosystem  (1,597)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1,597)
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  • 101
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    Geographic range size and determinants of avian species richness (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-31
    Description: Geographic patterns in species richness are mainly based on wide-ranging species because their larger number of distribution records has a disproportionate contribution to the species richness counts. Here we demonstrate how this effect strongly influences our understanding of what determines species richness. Using both conventional and spatial regression models, we show that for sub-Saharan African birds, the apparent role of productivity diminishes with decreasing range size, whereas the significance of topographic heterogeneity increases. The relative importance of geometric constraints from the continental edge is moderate. Our findings highlight the failure of traditional species richness models to account for narrow-ranging species that frequently are also threatened.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jetz, Walter -- Rahbek, Carsten -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 30;297(5586):1548-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. walter.jetz@zoo.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12202829" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa South of the Sahara ; Animals ; *Birds/physiology ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Homing Behavior ; Models, Biological ; Regression Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 102
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    A tropical rainforest in Colorado 1.4 million years after the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-29
    Description: An extremely diverse lower Paleocene (64.1 million years ago) fossil leaf site from Castle Rock, Colorado, contains fossil litter that is similar to the litter of extant equatorial rainforests. The presence of a high-diversity tropical rainforest is unexpected, because other Paleocene floras are species-poor, a feature generally attributed to the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) extinction. The site occurs on the margin of the Denver Basin in synorogenic sedimentary rocks associated with the rise of the Laramide Front Range. Orographic conditions caused by local topography, combined with equable climate, appear to have allowed for the establishment of rainforests within 1.4 million years of the K-T boundary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, Kirk R -- Ellis, Beth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 28;296(5577):2379-83.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth Sciences, Denver Museum of Nature & Science, Denver, CO 80205, USA. kjohnson@dmns.org〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12089439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Colorado ; *Ecosystem ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; *Plant Leaves/anatomy & histology ; *Plants/anatomy & histology/classification ; Rain ; *Trees/classification ; *Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 103
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    Global genetic resources. Science and the Convention on Biological Diversity (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-03-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉ten Kate, Kerry -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 29;295(5564):2371-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE UK. K.tenKate@rbgkew.org.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11923511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Science Disciplines ; Commerce ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug Industry ; *Ecosystem ; *Genetics ; Government ; Guidelines as Topic ; *International Cooperation ; Policy Making ; Public Policy ; Research ; *Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 104
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    Sustainable development. Cash-strapped fund struggles to make science a priority (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bostanci, Adam -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1596-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12040160" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*economics ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Financial Support ; International Cooperation ; Organizations/*economics ; Policy Making ; United Nations
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 105
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    Antarctic Sea ice--a habitat for extremophiles (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-26
    Description: The pack ice of Earth's polar oceans appears to be frozen white desert, devoid of life. However, beneath the snow lies a unique habitat for a group of bacteria and microscopic plants and animals that are encased in an ice matrix at low temperatures and light levels, with the only liquid being pockets of concentrated brines. Survival in these conditions requires a complex suite of physiological and metabolic adaptations, but sea-ice organisms thrive in the ice, and their prolific growth ensures they play a fundamental role in polar ecosystems. Apart from their ecological importance, the bacterial and algae species found in sea ice have become the focus for novel biotechnology, as well as being considered proxies for possible life forms on ice-covered extraterrestrial bodies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomas, D N -- Dieckmann, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 25;295(5555):641-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales-Bangor, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, UK, LL59 5EY. d.thomas@bangor.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11809961" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antarctic Regions ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Biotechnology ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Eukaryota/*physiology ; Exobiology ; Freezing ; *Ice ; Light ; *Seawater/microbiology ; Sodium Chloride ; Temperature ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 106
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    Sri Lanka: an amphibian hot spot (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meegaskumbura, M -- Bossuyt, F -- Pethiyagoda, R -- Manamendra-Arachchi, K -- Bahir, M -- Milinkovitch, M C -- Schneider, C J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 11;298(5592):379.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12376694" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/anatomy & histology/*classification/genetics/physiology ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; *Ecosystem ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oviposition ; Ovum/physiology ; *Phylogeny ; Sri Lanka ; Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 107
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    Communicating climate change (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tickell, Crispin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 2;297(5582):737.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12161617" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollution/economics/prevention & control ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; Carbon/metabolism ; *Ecosystem ; Europe ; *Greenhouse Effect ; Humans ; Industry/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; International Cooperation ; Japan ; Public Policy ; *Public Relations ; South Africa ; United States ; Vehicle Emissions/prevention & control
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 108
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    Organic farming and energy efficiency (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-12-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zoebl, Dirk -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 6;298(5600):1890-1; author reply 1890-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12474829" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*methods ; Crops, Agricultural/*growth & development ; *Ecosystem ; Fertilizers ; Soil ; Triticum/growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 109
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    Conservation science. Caribou study fuels debate on drilling in Arctic Refuge (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-04-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Apr 19;296(5567):444-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11964445" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alaska ; Animals ; Arctic Regions ; Behavior, Animal ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Female ; *Petroleum ; Public Policy ; *Reindeer/physiology ; Reproduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 110
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    Oceanography. Diagnosis and Rx for U.S. coral reefs (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 4;298(5591):39.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12364761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cnidaria ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Financing, Government ; *Marine Biology ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 111
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    Determination of deforestation rates of the world's humid tropical forests (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-10
    Description: A recently completed research program (TREES) employing the global imaging capabilities of Earth-observing satellites provides updated information on the status of the world's humid tropical forest cover. Between 1990 and 1997, 5.8 +/- 1.4 million hectares of humid tropical forest were lost each year, with a further 2.3 +/- 0.7 million hectares of forest visibly degraded. These figures indicate that the global net rate of change in forest cover for the humid tropics is 23% lower than the generally accepted rate. This result affects the calculation of carbon fluxes in the global budget and means that the terrestrial sink is smaller than previously inferred.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Achard, Frederic -- Eva, Hugh D -- Stibig, Hans-Jurgen -- Mayaux, Philippe -- Gallego, Javier -- Richards, Timothy -- Malingreau, Jean-Paul -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 9;297(5583):999-1002.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Global Vegetation Monitoring Unit, Joint Research Centre, TP 440, 21020 Ispra, Italy. frederic.achard@jrc.it〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12169731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Africa ; Agriculture ; Asia, Southeastern ; Biomass ; Carbon ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Humidity ; India ; Latin America ; Maps as Topic ; *Spacecraft ; *Trees/growth & development ; *Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 112
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    2002 Ocean Sciences Meeting. Mussels on the move (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-03-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greene, Katie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 8;295(5561):1821-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11884734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Bivalvia/genetics/*physiology ; Bone and Bones ; DNA, Mitochondrial/analysis/genetics ; *Ecosystem ; *Geologic Sediments ; Oceans and Seas ; Phylogeny ; *Seawater ; Whales
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 113
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    Looking at the future of radioecology (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-11-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mossman, Kenneth L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Nov 15;298(5597):1333-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12436976" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Humans ; Radiation Dosage ; *Radiation Effects ; *Radiation Protection ; Radioactive Pollutants/adverse effects ; Radioactive Waste/adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 114
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    Ecology. Looking beneath the surface (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-12-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morgan, Jack A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 6;298(5600):1903-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources Research Unit, 1701 Centre Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA. morgan@lamar.colostate.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12471239" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; California ; *Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Photosynthesis ; Poaceae/*growth & development/metabolism ; Soil ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 115
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    Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-01
    Description: An understanding of agroecosystems is key to determining effective farming systems. Here we report results from a 21-year study of agronomic and ecological performance of biodynamic, bioorganic, and conventional farming systems in Central Europe. We found crop yields to be 20% lower in the organic systems, although input of fertilizer and energy was reduced by 34 to 53% and pesticide input by 97%. Enhanced soil fertility and higher biodiversity found in organic plots may render these systems less dependent on external inputs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mader, Paul -- Fliessbach, Andreas -- Dubois, David -- Gunst, Lucie -- Fried, Padruot -- Niggli, Urs -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 31;296(5573):1694-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, Ackerstrasse, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland. paul.maeder@fibl.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12040197" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*methods ; Animals ; Arthropods ; Biomass ; Crops, Agricultural/*growth & development ; *Ecosystem ; Fertilizers ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Manure ; Pesticides ; Phosphorus/metabolism ; Poaceae/growth & development ; *Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Solanum tuberosum/growth & development ; Switzerland ; Triticum/growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 116
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    Species biology and conservation funding (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-12-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wapole, M J -- Smith, R J -- Leader-Williams, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Nov 29;298(5599):1716-7; author reply 1716-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12463175" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*economics ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Fertility ; *Financial Support ; Logistic Models ; *Mammals/physiology ; Russia
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 117
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    Merging genomes with geochemistry in hydrothermal ecosystems (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-05-11
    Description: Thermophilic microbial inhabitants of active seafloor and continental hot springs populate the deepest branches of the universal phylogenetic tree, making hydrothermal ecosystems the most ancient continuously inhabited ecosystems on Earth. Geochemical consequences of hot water-rock interactions render these environments habitable and supply a diverse array of energy sources. Clues to the strategies for how life thrives in these dynamic ecosystems are beginning to be elucidated through a confluence of biogeochemistry, microbiology, ecology, molecular biology, and genomics. These efforts have the potential to reveal how ecosystems originate, the extent of the subsurface biosphere, and the driving forces of evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reysenbach, Anna-Louise -- Shock, Everett -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 10;296(5570):1077-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA. reysenbacha@pdx.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12004120" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Archaea/classification/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Bacteria/classification/genetics/metabolism ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; Energy Metabolism ; Environmental Microbiology ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Genetic Variation ; *Geologic Sediments ; *Hot Temperature ; Mutation ; Phylogeny ; *Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 118
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    Ecology. Darwin and the first ecological experiment (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hector, Andy -- Hooper, Rowan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 25;295(5555):639-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Natural Environment Research Council Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, UK. a.hector01@ic.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11809960" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Botany/history ; *Ecosystem ; England ; History, 19th Century ; *Plant Development ; Poaceae/*growth & development ; Research Design ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 119
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    Proterozoic ocean chemistry and evolution: a bioinorganic bridge? (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-17
    Description: Recent data imply that for much of the Proterozoic Eon (2500 to 543 million years ago), Earth's oceans were moderately oxic at the surface and sulfidic at depth. Under these conditions, biologically important trace metals would have been scarce in most marine environments, potentially restricting the nitrogen cycle, affecting primary productivity, and limiting the ecological distribution of eukaryotic algae. Oceanic redox conditions and their bioinorganic consequences may thus help to explain observed patterns of Proterozoic evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anbar, A D -- Knoll, A H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 16;297(5584):1137-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA. anbar@earth.rochester.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12183619" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Archaea/growth & development/metabolism ; Bacteria/growth & development/metabolism ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; *Eukaryota/growth & development/metabolism ; Fossils ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Iron/analysis/chemistry/metabolism ; Nitrogen/analysis/chemistry/metabolism ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/analysis/chemistry/metabolism ; *Seawater ; Sulfides/analysis/chemistry/metabolism ; Trace Elements/chemistry/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ecology. From Elton to mathematics and back again (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-05-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raffaelli, Dave -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 10;296(5570):1035-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Environmental Department, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK. dr13@york.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12004106" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biomass ; *Ecosystem ; Feeding Behavior ; *Food Chain ; Fresh Water ; Mathematics ; *Models, Biological ; Parasites ; Seawater ; Soil
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    The future of the fossil record (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-26
    Description: The fossil record provides a powerful basis for analyzing the controlling factors and impact of biological evolution over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales and in the context of an evolving Earth. An increasingly interdisciplinary paleontology has begun to formulate the next generation of questions, drawing on a wealth of new data, and on methodological advances ranging from high-resolution geochronology to simulation of morphological evolution. Key issues related to evolutionary biology include the biotic and physical factors that govern biodiversity dynamics, the developmental and ecological basis for the nonrandom introduction of evolutionary innovations in time and space, rules of biotic response to environmental perturbations, and the dynamic feedbacks between life and the Earth's surface processes. The sensitivity of evolutionary processes to rates, magnitudes, and spatial scales of change in the physical and biotic environment will be important in all these areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jablonski, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jun 25;284(5423):2114-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago 5734 South Ellis Avenue Chicago, IL 60637, USA. djablons@midway.uchicago.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10381868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; *Fossils ; *Paleontology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Stability and variability in competitive communities (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-16
    Description: Long-term variability in the abundance of populations depends on the sensitivity of species to environmental fluctuations and the amplification of environmental fluctuations by interactions among species. Although competitive interactions and species number may have diverse effects on variability measured at the individual species level, a combination of theoretical analyses shows that these factors have no effect on variability measured at the community level. Therefore, biodiversity may increase community stability by promoting diversity among species in their responses to environmental fluctuations, but increasing the number and strength of competitive interactions has little effect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ives, A R -- Gross, K -- Klug, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):542-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. arives@facstaff.wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10521351" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biomass ; Competitive Behavior ; *Ecosystem ; Mathematics ; Models, Biological
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    Restoration ecology. Returning America's forests to their 'natural' roots (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kloor, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jan 28;287(5453):573, 575.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10691535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Climate ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Trees ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Safety data crucial for biological control insect agents (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pemberton, R W -- Strong, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 8;290(5498):1896-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11187043" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; *Insects ; *Pest Control, Biological ; Safety
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The quiet revolution: biodiversity informatics and the internet (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-29
    Description: The massive development of biodiversity-related information systems on the Internet has created much that appears exciting but chaotic, a diversity to match biodiversity itself. This richness and the arrays of new sources are counterbalanced by the maddening difficulty in knowing what is where, or of comparing like with like. But quietly, behind the first waves of exuberance, biologists and computer scientists have started to pull together in a rising tide of coherence and organization. The fledgling field of biodiversity informatics looks set to deliver major advances that could turn the Internet into a giant global biodiversity information system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bisby, F A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 29;289(5488):2309-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Plant Diversity & Systematics, School of Plant Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK. f.a.bisby@reading.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11009408" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Classification ; *Computational Biology ; Computer Communication Networks ; *Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; *Internet ; Plants ; Software ; Terminology as Topic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ecology. Stalking the wild mustard (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: Arabidopsis thaliana is not just for plant biologists anymore. A few intrepid ecologists and evolutionary biologists are now touting its merits as a system in which to study the genetic basis of the traits they study. The newly completed genome sequence is allowing researchers to connect the genotype--an organism's particular mix of genes--with its phenotype--how that organism develops and acts--in ways that have not been possible in other organisms whose genetics are not as well known.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 15;290(5499):2055-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11187823" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; *Arabidopsis/genetics/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; Genes, Plant ; Genetic Variation ; Mutation ; Selection, Genetic
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    Ecology. Species-area relations in tropical forests (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: A power law called the species-area relationship describes the finding that the number of species is proportional to the size of the area in which they are found, raised to an exponent (usually, a number between 0.2 and 0.3). In their Perspective, May and Stumpf discuss new results from a survey of five tropical forest census areas containing a total of a million trees. They explain how this large data set can be used to fine-tune the existing power law so that it provides a better prediction of species diversity in small census samples.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉May, R M -- Stumpf, M P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 15;290(5499):2084-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Zoology Department, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. robert.may@zoo.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11187834" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ecosystem ; India ; Malaysia ; Mathematics ; Panama ; Thailand ; *Trees ; *Tropical Climate
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    Eastern Europe. Adriatic nations team up to explore spreading marine mystery (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: Scientists hope that unlocking the mystery of a slimy biomass that sometimes despoils the sparkling blue-green waters of the Adriatic Sea will push open the door to greater international scientific collaboration in the troubled region. The biomass's once-rare appearances have become increasingly frequent in the last decade, making it perhaps the most visible sign of environmental stress in the northern Adriatic. But its growing notoriety may have a silver lining: a major international program to study pollution and other environmental trends in the Adriatic.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koenig, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 27;290(5492):694.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11184191" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Europe, Eastern ; *International Cooperation ; Italy ; *Marine Biology ; Oceans and Seas ; Plankton/physiology ; *Research ; *Water Pollution
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    Perspectives: paleoecology. The refugial debate (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willis, K J -- Whittaker, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 25;287(5457):1406-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Geography, University of Oxford, U.K. kathy.willis@geography.oxford.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10722388" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cold Temperature ; *Ecosystem ; Geography ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; Ice ; *Plants ; Tropical Climate
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    Taxonomic revival (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 29;289(5488):2306-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11041799" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Specimen Banks ; *Classification ; *Computational Biology ; *Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Internet ; *Museums ; *Online Systems ; Research Support as Topic ; Software
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    Agriculture. Genetically modified crops and farmland biodiversity (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-19
    Description: The debate about genetically modified crops that are resistant to herbicides and their effects on the environment rages on. In their Perspective, Firbank and Forcella discuss a new model (Watkinson et al.) that seeks to calculate the impact of genetically modified herbicide-resistant sugar beet on growth of the weed Chenopodium album and on the skylark, which feeds on the seeds of this weed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Firbank, L G -- Forcella, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 1;289(5484):1481-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Merlewood, Grange-over-Sands, Cumbria LA11 6JU, UK. lgf@ceh.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10991733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Animals ; *Chenopodiaceae/genetics/growth & development ; Crops, Agricultural/*genetics ; *Ecosystem ; Genetic Engineering ; Great Britain ; Herbicides ; *Models, Biological ; Population Dynamics ; Seeds ; *Songbirds
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    Invasive plants versus their new and old neighbors: a mechanism for exotic invasion (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2000-10-20
    Description: Invading exotic plants are thought to succeed primarily because they have escaped their natural enemies, not because of novel interactions with their new neighbors. However, we find that Centaurea diffusa, a noxious weed in North America, has much stronger negative effects on grass species from North America than on closely related grass species from communities to which Centaurea is native. Centaurea's advantage against North American species appears to be due to differences in the effects of its root exudates and how these root exudates affect competition for resources. Our results may help to explain why some exotic species so successfully invade natural plant communities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Callaway, R M -- Aschehoug, E T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 20;290(5491):521-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA. callaway@selway.umt.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11039934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Analysis of Variance ; Asia ; Asteraceae/growth & development/*physiology ; Biomass ; Carbon/metabolism ; *Ecosystem ; Europe ; North America ; Phosphorus Radioisotopes/metabolism ; Plant Roots/*metabolism ; Poaceae/*growth & development/metabolism ; Soil
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    No consistent effect of plant diversity on productivity (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huston, M A -- Aarssen, L W -- Austin, M P -- Cade, B S -- Fridley, J D -- Garnier, E -- Grime, J P -- Hodgson, J -- Lauenroth, W K -- Thompson, K -- Vandermeer, J H -- Wardle, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Aug 25;289(5483):1255.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10979839" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomass ; *Ecosystem ; Europe ; Fabaceae/growth & development ; *Plant Development ; Plants, Medicinal
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    Taxonomy. Researchers cash in on personalized species names (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-02-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steghaus-Kovac, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jan 21;287(5452):421.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10671162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Classification ; *Ecosystem ; *Fund Raising ; Germany ; *Research Support as Topic ; *Terminology as Topic
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    A global biodiversity map (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, E O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 29;289(5488):2279.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11041790" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Classification ; Computational Biology ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; International Cooperation ; Plants/classification
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    China's new forest policy (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xu, M -- Qi, Y -- Gong, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 22;289(5487):2049-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11032553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: China ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Forestry ; *Public Policy ; *Trees
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    Nonrandom extinction and the loss of evolutionary history (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2000-04-15
    Description: The hierarchical nature of phylogenies means that random extinction of species affects a smaller fraction of higher taxa, and so the total amount of evolutionary history lost may be comparatively slight. However, current extinction risk is not phylogenetically random. We show the potentially severe implications of the clumped nature of threat for the loss of biodiversity. An additional 120 avian and mammalian genera are at risk compared with the number predicted under random extinction. We estimate that the prospective extra loss of mammalian evolutionary history alone would be equivalent to losing a monotypic phylum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Purvis, A -- Agapow, P M -- Gittleman, J L -- Mace, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Apr 14;288(5464):328-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK. a.purvis@ic.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10764644" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Birds ; Carnivora ; Computer Simulation ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Humans ; *Mammals ; Phylogeny ; Primates ; Risk
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    Natural selection and the reinforcement of mate recognition (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-20
    Description: Natural selection on mate recognition may often contribute to speciation, resulting in reproductive character displacement. Field populations of Drosophila serrata display reproductive character displacement in cuticular hydrocarbons when sympatric with Drosophila birchii. We exposed field sympatric and allopatric populations of D. serrata to experimental sympatry with D. birchii for nine generations. Cuticular hydrocarbons of field allopatric D. serrata populations evolved to resemble the field sympatric populations, whereas field sympatric D. serrata populations remained unchanged. Our experiment indicates that natural selection on mate recognition resulted in the field pattern of reproductive character displacement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Higgie, M -- Chenoweth, S -- Blows, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 20;290(5491):519-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia. MHiggie@zoology.uq.edu.au〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11039933" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Australia ; *Biological Evolution ; Discriminant Analysis ; Drosophila/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Hydrocarbons/analysis ; Male ; Pheromones/analysis ; Reproduction ; *Selection, Genetic ; Sexual Behavior, Animal
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 139
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    Conservation biology. Combined insults spell trouble for rainforests (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-08-06
    Description: Scientists are now saying that a combination of interacting factors--including forest fragmentation, logging, and El Nino-driven drought--has altered the fire regimes of tropical forests and is changing regional climates and reconfiguring the landscape. These interactions are synergistic, they say--that is, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. The concept provides a new paradigm for understanding the dynamics of fragmented rainforests and for approaching their conservation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wuethrich, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jul 7;289(5476):35-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10928925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Borneo ; Brazil ; Climate ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; Fires ; Industry ; *Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 140
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    Bioinformatics for biodiversity: a Web registry (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 29;289(5488):web supplement.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11041778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Computational Biology ; *Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Internet
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 141
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    Ecology. The unbearable capriciousness of Bering (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saar, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 25;287(5457):1388-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10722380" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alaska ; Animals ; *Birds ; Climate ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Eutrophication ; *Food Chain ; Oceans and Seas
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 142
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    Species diversity and biological invasions: relating local process to community pattern (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-05-08
    Description: In a California riparian system, the most diverse natural assemblages are the most invaded by exotic plants. A direct in situ manipulation of local diversity and a seed addition experiment showed that these patterns emerge despite the intrinsic negative effects of diversity on invasions. The results suggest that species loss at small scales may reduce invasion resistance. At community-wide scales, the overwhelming effects of ecological factors spatially covarying with diversity, such as propagule supply, make the most diverse communities most likely to be invaded.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levine, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 5;288(5467):852-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. levinejm@socrates.berkeley.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10797006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Asteraceae/growth & development ; California ; *Ecosystem ; *Plant Development ; Poaceae/*growth & development ; Seeds/growth & development
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 143
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    Ecology. Biological control of invading species--risk and reform (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-07-06
    Description: Conservation relies increasingly on biological control (BC) of organisms that invade in natural and agricultural areas throughout the world. However, some BC organisms have harmed native species. In the United States, regulations are based on old laws meant to bar agricultural pests, and these are particularly ineffective in protecting native invertebrate animals. Improved ecological safety of BC depends on recognizing that BC is not appropriate for every pest, factoring ecological safety into the selection of BC agents, and limiting the importation and dissemination of agents that can harm either native animals or plants. Reasonable reform of BC will insure the viability of this valuable tool for both agriculture and conservation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Strong, D R -- Pemberton, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jun 16;288(5473):1969-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. drstrong@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10877714" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Government Agencies ; Invertebrates ; *Pest Control, Biological/legislation & jurisprudence ; Plants ; Public Policy ; United States ; United States Department of Agriculture
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 144
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    Ecology. Rift over biodiversity divides ecologists (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-09
    Description: A long-simmering debate among ecologists over the importance of biodiversity to the health of ecosystems has erupted into a full-blown war. Opposing camps are dueling over the quality of key experiments, and some are flinging barbs at meetings and in journals. The dispute pits an outspoken group of ecologists against some of the leading lights in the field.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Aug 25;289(5483):1282-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10979851" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; *Plant Development ; Research Design
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 145
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    Ecology/paleontology. Colorado River clams provide benchmark (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: Conservationists have long contended, largely in impressionistic terms, that 70 years of American dam building and water diversion have destroyed the biological richness of the Colorado River delta, a key nursery of marine life at the end of the Southwest's great watercourse. Now researchers have confirmed those suspicions, using an important ecological player--clams--as a quantitative marker.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muro, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 15;290(5499):2045-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11187814" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bivalvia ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Fresh Water ; Paleontology ; Southwestern United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 146
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    Thoughts on the causes of tree mortality in Appalachia (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Neufeld, H S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 17;290(5495):1301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11185404" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acid Rain/*toxicity ; Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Appalachian Region ; *Ecosystem ; Ozone/toxicity ; *Trees
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 147
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    Assessing biodiversity and ecological stability (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taylor, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 6;290(5489):51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11183147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ecosystem ; Models, Biological ; Monte Carlo Method
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 148
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    Ecologists on a mission to save the world (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 18;287(5456):1188-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10712146" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Policy Making ; Politics ; *Public Policy ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 149
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    Biosphere management: some tools of the trade (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thompson, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jan 14;287(5451):234-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10660420" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Consumer Participation ; *Ecosystem ; Humans ; Public Policy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 150
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    Of salmon and dams (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collie, J -- Saila, S -- Walters, C -- Carpenter, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 3;290(5493):933-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11184733" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Fisheries ; Fresh Water ; Government Agencies ; Models, Biological ; Northwestern United States ; Population Dynamics ; *Salmon/physiology
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  • 151
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    The response of two contrasting limestone grasslands to simulated climate change (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-08-05
    Description: Two different UK limestone grasslands were exposed to simulated climate change with the use of nonintrusive techniques to manipulate local climate over 5 years. Resistance to climate change, defined as the ability of a community to maintain its composition and biomass in response to environmental stress, could be explained by reference to the functional composition and successional status of the grasslands. The more fertile, early-successional grassland was much more responsive to climate change. Resistance could not be explained by the particular climates experienced by the two grasslands. Productive, disturbed landscapes created by modern human activity may prove more vulnerable to climate change than older, traditional landscapes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grime, J P -- Brown, V K -- Thompson, K -- Masters, G J -- Hillier, S H -- Clarke, I P -- Askew, A P -- Corker, D -- Kielty, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Aug 4;289(5480):762-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Unit of Comparative Plant Ecology, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10926535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomass ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Great Britain ; *Plant Development ; Poaceae/*growth & development ; Rain ; Temperature
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 152
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    Contribution of increasing CO2 and climate to carbon storage by ecosystems in the United States (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-17
    Description: The effects of increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and climate on net carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems of the conterminous United States for the period 1895-1993 were modeled with new, detailed historical climate information. For the period 1980-1993, results from an ensemble of three models agree within 25%, simulating a land carbon sink from CO2 and climate effects of 0.08 gigaton of carbon per year. The best estimates of the total sink from inventory data are about three times larger, suggesting that processes such as regrowth on abandoned agricultural land or in forests harvested before 1980 have effects as large as or larger than the direct effects of CO2 and climate. The modeled sink varies by about 100% from year to year as a result of climate variability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schimel, D -- Melillo, J -- Tian, H -- McGuire, A D -- Kicklighter, D -- Kittel, T -- Rosenbloom, N -- Running, S -- Thornton, P -- Ojima, D -- Parton, W -- Kelly, R -- Sykes, M -- Neilson, R -- Rizzo, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Mar 17;287(5460):2004-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 10 01 64, D-07701 Jena, Germany. dschimel@bgc-jena.mpg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10720324" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Atmosphere ; Carbon/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/*metabolism ; *Climate ; Computer Simulation ; *Ecosystem ; Geography ; Trees ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 153
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    Reinterpreting space, time lags, and functional responses in ecological models (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-12-02
    Description: Natural enemy-victim interactions are of major applied importance and of fundamental interest to ecologists. A key question is what stabilizes these interactions, allowing the long-term coexistence of the two species. Three main theoretical explanations have been proposed: behavioral responses, time-dependent factors such as delayed density dependence, and spatial heterogeneity. Here, using the powerful moment-closure technique, we show a fundamental equivalence between these three elements. Limited movement by organisms is a ubiquitous feature of ecological systems, allowing spatial structure to develop; we show that the effects of this can be naturally described in terms of time lags or within-generation functional responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keeling, M J -- Wilson, H B -- Pacala, S W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Dec 1;290(5497):1758-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. matt@zoo.cam.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11099413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Computer Simulation ; *Ecosystem ; *Host-Parasite Interactions ; Mathematics ; *Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Movement ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; Stochastic Processes ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 154
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    Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium. Reef migrations, bleaching effects stir the air in Bali (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: More than 1500 marine biologists, ecologists, conservationists, and community activists met at this Bali resort from 23 to 27 October for the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium. Topics included the dynamics of reef fish communities and the lingering impacts of coral bleaching.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Nov 17;290(5495):1282-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11185398" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cnidaria/*physiology ; Decapoda (Crustacea)/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Fishes/genetics/*physiology ; Genetics, Population ; Population Dynamics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 155
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    What story is told by oceanic tracer concentrations? (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gruber, N -- Keller, K -- Key, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 20;290(5491):455-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11183766" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; *Ecosystem ; Nitrates/*analysis ; Oxygen/analysis ; Pacific Ocean ; Phosphates/*analysis ; Seawater/*chemistry
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 156
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    Connectivity of marine populations: open or closed? (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-02-05
    Description: Most marine populations are thought to be well connected via long-distance dispersal of larval stages. Eulerian and Lagrangian flow models, coupled with linear mortality estimates, were used to examine this assumption. The findings show that when simple advection models are used, larval exchange rates may be overestimated; such simplistic models fail to account for a decrease of up to nine orders of magnitude in larval concentrations resulting from diffusion and mortality. The alternative process of larval retention near local populations is shown to exist and may be of great importance in the maintenance of marine population structure and management of coastal marine resources.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cowen, R K -- Lwiza, K M -- Sponaugle, S -- Paris, C B -- Olson, D B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Feb 4;287(5454):857-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA. rcowen@rsmas.miami.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10657300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Barbados ; Computer Simulation ; *Ecosystem ; Fishes/*physiology ; Geography ; Larva/physiology ; Marine Biology ; Models, Biological ; Population Dynamics ; *Seawater
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  • 157
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    Relation between population density and body size in stream communities (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-01
    Description: The existence of a general relation between population density and body size in animal assemblages has been debated because of known biases and ambiguities in the published data and data handling. Using new comprehensive data sets from two geographically separated stream communities that encompass 448 and 260 invertebrate taxa with a wide range of body sizes, we show that an inverse proportionality between density and body size is a consistent feature in these communities. The scaling across taxa is not statistically different between the two systems, indicating a convergent pattern of communities. Variation in the regression slope among different taxonomic groups indicates that these communities are not governed universally by a single ecological or energetic rule.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmid, P E -- Tokeshi, M -- Schmid-Araya, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 1;289(5484):1557-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary & Westfield College, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK. p.e.schmid@qmw.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10968792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Austria ; Body Constitution ; *Ecosystem ; Fresh Water ; Invertebrates/*anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Mathematics ; Population Density ; Regression Analysis ; Wales
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Global warming. Some coral bouncing back from El Nino (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-06-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Normile, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 12;288(5468):941-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10841705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Climate ; Cnidaria/*growth & development/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Eukaryota/physiology ; *Greenhouse Effect ; Indian Ocean ; Pacific Ocean ; Symbiosis ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 159
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    Marine census. Grants kick off ambitious count of all ocean life (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-06-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Malakoff, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jun 2;288(5471):1575-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10858133" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Fishes ; International Cooperation ; Internet ; Invertebrates ; *Marine Biology ; Oceans and Seas ; Plankton ; *Research Support as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Ecology. The value of nature and the nature of value (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-08-12
    Description: Ecosystems are capital assets: When properly managed, they yield a flow of vital goods and services. Relative to other forms of capital, however, ecosystems are poorly understood, scarcely monitored, and--in many important cases--undergoing rapid degradation. The process of economic valuation could greatly improve stewardship. This potential is now being realized with innovative financial instruments and institutional arrangements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Daily, G C -- Soderqvist, T -- Aniyar, S -- Arrow, K -- Dasgupta, P -- Ehrlich, P R -- Folke, C -- Jansson, A -- Jansson, B -- Kautsky, N -- Levin, S -- Lubchenco, J -- Maler, K G -- Simpson, D -- Starrett, D -- Tilman, D -- Walker, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jul 21;289(5478):395-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. gdaily@leland.stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10939949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Australia ; Commerce ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*economics ; Costa Rica ; *Ecosystem ; Industry ; Investments
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Self-similarity and clustering in the spatial distribution of species (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ostling, A -- Harte, J -- Green, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 27;290(5492):671.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11184188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cluster Analysis ; *Ecosystem ; Mathematics ; *Trees ; Tropical Climate
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 162
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    Ecology. Invariants, scaling laws, and ecological complexity (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-19
    Description: There has been much debate about scaling laws in nature. It is believed that as body size increases the number of individuals in the population decreases. As Marquet explains in his Perspective, an elegant new study in two totally separate stream communities (Schmid et al.) confirms that this scaling law holds across more than 400 species of invertebrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marquet, P A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 1;289(5484):1487-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Departamento de Ecologia, P. Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. pmarquet@genes.bio.puc.cl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10991735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Austria ; Body Constitution ; *Ecosystem ; Invertebrates/*anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Mathematics ; Population Density ; Regression Analysis ; Wales
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 163
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    Rain forest conservation under review (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Di Leva, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Sep 1;289(5484):1471-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10991731" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carbon Dioxide ; *Conservation of Natural Resources/economics/legislation & jurisprudence ; Developing Countries ; *Ecosystem ; Greenhouse Effect ; Industry/economics ; Madagascar ; *Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 164
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    Historical overfishing and the recent collapse of coastal ecosystems (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-28
    Description: Ecological extinction caused by overfishing precedes all other pervasive human disturbance to coastal ecosystems, including pollution, degradation of water quality, and anthropogenic climate change. Historical abundances of large consumer species were fantastically large in comparison with recent observations. Paleoecological, archaeological, and historical data show that time lags of decades to centuries occurred between the onset of overfishing and consequent changes in ecological communities, because unfished species of similar trophic level assumed the ecological roles of overfished species until they too were overfished or died of epidemic diseases related to overcrowding. Retrospective data not only help to clarify underlying causes and rates of ecological change, but they also demonstrate achievable goals for restoration and management of coastal ecosystems that could not even be contemplated based on the limited perspective of recent observations alone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, J B -- Kirby, M X -- Berger, W H -- Bjorndal, K A -- Botsford, L W -- Bourque, B J -- Bradbury, R H -- Cooke, R -- Erlandson, J -- Estes, J A -- Hughes, T P -- Kidwell, S -- Lange, C B -- Lenihan, H S -- Pandolfi, J M -- Peterson, C H -- Steneck, R S -- Tegner, M J -- Warner, R R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 27;293(5530):629-37.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0244, USA. jbcj@ucsd.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11474098" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Archaeology ; Bacteria ; Cnidaria ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Eutrophication ; *Fishes ; Geologic Sediments ; Humans ; *Marine Biology ; Seaweed ; Shellfish ; Time Factors
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    Climate change. Where has all the carbon gone? (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-06-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wofsy, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jun 22;292(5525):2261-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. scw@io.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11423641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; *Atmosphere ; *Carbon/metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; China ; Climate ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Fires ; Forestry ; Fossil Fuels ; Industry ; Public Policy ; Soil ; *Trees/metabolism ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Ecology. Restoring the vitality of rich wetlands (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmidt, K F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 16;294(5546):1447.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11711655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; International Cooperation ; Plants
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 167
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    Natural restoration of the species-area relation for a lizard after a hurricane (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-17
    Description: We document the decimation and recovery of the commonest lizard species, Anolis sagrei, on 66 islands in the Bahamas that were directly hit by Hurricane Floyd in September 1999. Before the hurricane, an island's area was a better predictor of the occurrence of A. sagrei than was its altitude. Immediately after, altitude was a better predictor: Apparently all lizards on islands lower than about 3 meters maximum elevation perished in the storm surge. After about 1 year, area again became the better predictor. By 19 months after the hurricane, A. sagrei populations occurred on 88% of the islands they formerly occupied. Recovery occurred via overwater colonization and propagation from eggs that survived inundation, mechanisms that were enhanced by larger island area. Thus, natural processes first destroyed and then quickly restored a highly regular species-area distribution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schoener, T W -- Spiller, D A -- Losos, J B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 16;294(5546):1525-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. twschoener@ucdavis.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11711674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Altitude ; Animals ; Bahamas ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Disasters ; *Ecosystem ; Geography ; *Lizards/physiology ; Ovum/physiology ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Reproduction ; Time Factors
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    Rising CO2 levels and the fecundity of forest trees (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-04-09
    Description: We determined the reproductive response of 19-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) to 4 years of carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment (ambient concentration plus 200 microliters per liter) in an intact forest. After 3 years of CO2 fumigation, trees were twice as likely to be reproductively mature and produced three times as many cones and seeds as trees at ambient CO2 concentration. A disproportionate carbon allocation to reproduction under CO2 enrichment results in trees reaching maturity sooner and at a smaller size. This reproductive response to future increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration is expected to change loblolly dispersal and recruitment patterns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉LaDeau, S L -- Clark, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Apr 6;292(5514):95-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology and University Program in Ecology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. sll8@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11292871" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Carbon Dioxide/metabolism/pharmacology ; *Ecosystem ; Greenhouse Effect ; Gymnosperms/growth & development/*physiology ; North Carolina ; Photosynthesis ; Probability ; Reproduction ; Seeds/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Trees/growth & development/*physiology
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    Climate change. Storing carbon on land (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scholes, R J -- Noble, I R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 2;294(5544):1012-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CSIR Division of Water, Environment and Forest Technology, Box 395, Pretoria, South Africa. bscholes@csir.co.za〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11691975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Air Pollution ; Atmosphere ; *Carbon/metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide ; *Climate ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Fossil Fuels ; Oceans and Seas ; Trees
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 170
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    Noisy clockwork: time series analysis of population fluctuations in animals (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-28
    Description: Both biotic interactions and abiotic random forcing are crucial influences on population dynamics. This frequently leads to roughly equal importance of deterministic and stochastic forces. The resulting tension between noise and determinism makes ecological dynamics unique, with conceptual and methodological challenges distinctive from those in other dynamical systems. The theory for stochastic, nonlinear ecological dynamics has been developed alongside methods to test models. A range of dynamical components has been considered-density dependence, environmental and demographic stochasticity, and climatic forcing-as well as their often complex interactions. We discuss recent advances in understanding ecological dynamics and testing theory using long-term data and review how dynamical forces interact to generate some central field and laboratory time series.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bjornstad, O N -- Grenfell, B T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 27;293(5530):638-43.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, 501 ASI Building, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. onb1@psu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11474099" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Animals, Wild/physiology ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Population Dynamics ; Population Growth ; Stochastic Processes ; Time Factors
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  • 171
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    Control of nitrogen export from watersheds by headwater streams (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-04-09
    Description: A comparative (15)N-tracer study of nitrogen dynamics in headwater streams from biomes throughout North America demonstrates that streams exert control over nutrient exports to rivers, lakes, and estuaries. The most rapid uptake and transformation of inorganic nitrogen occurred in the smallest streams. Ammonium entering these streams was removed from the water within a few tens to hundreds of meters. Nitrate was also removed from stream water but traveled a distance 5 to 10 times as long, on average, as ammonium. Despite low ammonium concentration in stream water, nitrification rates were high, indicating that small streams are potentially important sources of atmospheric nitrous oxide. During seasons of high biological activity, the reaches of headwater streams typically export downstream less than half of the input of dissolved inorganic nitrogen from their watersheds.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peterson, B J -- Wollheim, W M -- Mulholland, P J -- Webster, J R -- Meyer, J L -- Tank, J L -- Marti, E -- Bowden, W B -- Valett, H M -- Hershey, A E -- McDowell, W H -- Dodds, W K -- Hamilton, S K -- Gregory, S -- Morrall, D D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Apr 6;292(5514):86-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11292868" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Absorption ; Animals ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Biofilms ; *Ecosystem ; Eukaryota/metabolism ; *Fresh Water ; Fungi/metabolism ; Geologic Sediments ; Nitrates/metabolism ; Nitrogen/*metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Photosynthesis ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/metabolism ; Seasons ; United States
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  • 172
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    The state of coral reef science (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-09-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Veron, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Sep 14;293(5537):1996-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11558534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cnidaria ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Fishes ; *Mollusca
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  • 173
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    Paleontology. Paring down the big five mass extinctions (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-12-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kerr, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Dec 7;294(5549):2072-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11739928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Dinosaurs ; *Ecosystem ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; Mammals ; *Paleontology ; Seawater
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  • 174
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    Tree diversity in tropical rain forests: a validation of the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-27
    Description: The "intermediate disturbance hypothesis," which postulates maximum diversity at intermediate regimes of disturbance, has never been clearly proved to apply to species-rich tropical forest tree communities and to local-scale canopy disturbances that modify light environments. This hypothesis was tested on a sample of 17,000 trees in a Guianan forest, 10 years after a silvicultural experiment that added to natural treefall gaps a wide range of disturbance intensities. Species richness, standardized to eliminate density effects, peaked at intermediate disturbance levels, particularly when disturbance intensity was estimated through the percentage of stems of strongly light-dependent species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Molino, J F -- Sabatier, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 23;294(5547):1702-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, c/o Cirad-foret, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA10/D, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. molino@mpl.ird.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11721052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; French Guiana ; Germination ; *Models, Biological ; Reproducibility of Results ; Seasons ; Seeds/physiology ; Soil ; Sunlight ; Time Factors ; Trees/growth & development/*physiology ; *Tropical Climate
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Infiltration of a Hawaiian community by introduced biological control agents (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-08-18
    Description: To examine the community-wide effects of introduced biocontrol agents on Kauai Island, Hawaii, we constructed quantitative food webs showing interactions among plants, moths, and moth parasitoids in a native forest. Eighty-three percent of parasitoids reared from native moths were biological control agents, 14% were accidental immigrants, and 3% were native species. Although parasitism by biological control agents reached 28% in some species of moth, all biocontrol agents reared had been released before 1945. This study highlights the importance of considering the potential damage caused by an introduced control agent, in addition to that caused by the target alien species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Henneman, M L -- Memmott, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Aug 17;293(5533):1314-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11509730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; *Food Chain ; Hawaii ; Larva/physiology ; Moths/*parasitology/*physiology ; *Pest Control, Biological ; Plants ; Trees ; Wasps/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    The pandas' habitat at Wolong Nature Reserve (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brooks, T -- Bruner, A G -- Brunner, J -- da Fonseca, G A -- Liu, R -- Sung, W -- Yan, X -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 27;293(5530):603-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11476086" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; China ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; *Ursidae
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 177
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    Ecology. Tropical forest diversity--the plot thickens (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: Also see the archival list of Science's Compass: Enhanced Perspectives ECOLOGY:Enhanced: Tropical Forest Diversity--The Plot Thickens David F. R. P. Burslem, Nancy C. Garwood, Sean C. Thomas Ecologists have long pondered why tropical forests contain such a huge number of species and what factors might be responsible for maintaining this diversity. In a Perspective, Burslem and colleagues discuss unique data sets from the forest dynamics plots (FDP) network, which shed light on the factors responsible for tropical forest diversity. D. F. R. P. Burslem is in the Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK. E-mail: d.burslem@abdn.ac.uk. N. C. Garwood is in the Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK. E-mail: ncg@nhm.ac.uk. S. C. Thomas is in the Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3B3, Canada. E-mail: sc.thomas@utoronto.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burslem, D F -- Garwood, N C -- Thomas, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jan 26;291(5504):606-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Aberdeen, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11158665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Ecosystem ; *Trees ; *Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 178
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    Long-term studies of vegetation dynamics (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-28
    Description: By integrating a wide range of experimental, comparative, and theoretical approaches, ecologists are starting to gain a detailed understanding of the long-term dynamics of vegetation. We explore how patterns of variation in demographic traits among species have provided insight into the processes that structure plant communities. We find a common set of mechanisms, derived from ecological and evolutionary principles, that underlie the main forces shaping systems as diverse as annual plant communities and tropical forests. Trait variation between species maintains diversity and has important implications for ecosystem processes. Hence, greater understanding of how Earth's vegetation functions will likely require integration of ecosystem science with ideas from plant evolutionary, population, and community ecology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rees, M -- Condit, R -- Crawley, M -- Pacala, S -- Tilman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 27;293(5530):650-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Imperial College and NERC Centre for Population Biology, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY, UK. mrees@ic.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11474101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Plant Development ; *Plants ; Poaceae/growth & development ; Population Density ; Population Dynamics ; Seeds ; Time Factors ; Trees ; Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 179
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    Preservation of species abundance in marine death assemblages (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-03
    Description: Fossil assemblages of skeletal material are thought to differ from their source live communities, particularly in relative abundance of species, owing to potential bias from postmortem transport and time-averaging of multiple generations. However, statistical meta-analysis of 85 marine molluscan data sets indicates that, although sensitive to sieve mesh-size and environment, time-averaged death assemblages retain a strong signal of species' original rank orders. Naturally accumulated death assemblages thus provide a reliable means of acquiring the abundance data that are key to a new generation of paleobiologic and macroecologic questions and to extending ecological time-series via sedimentary cores.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kidwell, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 2;294(5544):1091-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. skidwell@midway.uchicago.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11691990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomass ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Fossils ; *Geologic Sediments ; *Mollusca ; Population Dynamics ; Seawater ; Statistics as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 180
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    Parasitic plants major problem to food crops (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-08-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Musselman, L J -- Yoder, J I -- Westwood, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Aug 24;293(5534):1434.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11526939" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms/*physiology ; *Crops, Agricultural ; *Ecosystem
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 181
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    Did human hunting cause mass extinction? (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slaughter, R -- Skulan, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 16;294(5546):1459-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11713778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Computer Simulation ; *Ecosystem ; *Human Activities ; Humans ; *Mammals ; North America ; *Paleontology ; Population Dynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 182
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    Extinction: complexity of assessing risk (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-04-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacPhee, R D -- Flemming, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Apr 13;292(5515):217-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11305308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Artiodactyla ; *Ecosystem ; Humans ; *Mammals ; Risk Factors ; *Rodentia
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 183
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    Ecology. Parasitic wasps invade Hawaiian ecosystem (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-08-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Aug 17;293(5533):1241.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11509702" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; *Food Chain ; Hawaii ; Moths/*parasitology/physiology ; *Pest Control, Biological ; Plants ; Trees ; Wasps/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 184
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    Ecological forecasts: an emerging imperative (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-28
    Description: Planning and decision-making can be improved by access to reliable forecasts of ecosystem state, ecosystem services, and natural capital. Availability of new data sets, together with progress in computation and statistics, will increase our ability to forecast ecosystem change. An agenda that would lead toward a capacity to produce, evaluate, and communicate forecasts of critical ecosystem services requires a process that engages scientists and decision-makers. Interdisciplinary linkages are necessary because of the climate and societal controls on ecosystems, the feedbacks involving social change, and the decision-making relevance of forecasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, J S -- Carpenter, S R -- Barber, M -- Collins, S -- Dobson, A -- Foley, J A -- Lodge, D M -- Pascual, M -- Pielke, R Jr -- Pizer, W -- Pringle, C -- Reid, W V -- Rose, K A -- Sala, O -- Schlesinger, W H -- Wall, D H -- Wear, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 27;293(5530):657-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA. jimclark@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11474103" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Animals ; Decision Making ; Disease Outbreaks ; Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Epidemiology ; *Forecasting ; Humans ; Policy Making ; Population Growth ; Stochastic Processes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 185
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    Counting all species (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-12-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Samper, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 30;294(5548):1833.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11732548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Science Disciplines/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/manpower ; *Classification ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Developing Countries/economics ; Earth (Planet) ; *Ecosystem ; Humans ; *International Cooperation ; Mexico ; Research/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/manpower ; United Nations
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 186
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    Ecology. U.N. report suggests slowed forest losses (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-03-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stokstad, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Mar 23;291(5512):2294.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11269288" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Data Collection ; *Ecosystem ; *Trees ; *United Nations ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 187
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    Ecology. Cave biologists unearth buried treasure (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-09-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krajick, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Sep 28;293(5539):2378-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11577220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Arthropods/physiology ; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; *Biological Evolution ; Chiroptera ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Food Chain ; Fungi/physiology ; Geologic Sediments ; Geological Phenomena ; Geology ; Predatory Behavior ; Vertebrates/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 188
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    Geology. Thermal features bubble in Yellowstone Lake (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-05-31
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krajick, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 May 25;292(5521):1479-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11379620" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bacteria ; *Ecosystem ; *Fresh Water ; *Geologic Sediments ; Hot Temperature ; Pressure ; Steam ; Wyoming
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 189
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    Ecology. Defending deadwood (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-09-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krajick, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Aug 31;293(5535):1579-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11533459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/growth & development/metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Birds ; *Ecosystem ; Forestry ; Fresh Water ; Fungi/growth & development/metabolism ; Mammals ; *Trees ; United States ; *Wood
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 190
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    Climate change. Dangerous climate impacts and the Kyoto Protocol (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Neill, Brian C -- Oppenheimer, Michael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 14;296(5575):1971-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Watson Institute for International Studies and the Center for Environmental Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 USA. bconeill@brown.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12065820" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; Carbon Dioxide ; *Climate ; *Cnidaria ; Developed Countries ; *Ecosystem ; *Greenhouse Effect ; Ice ; *International Cooperation ; Oceans and Seas ; Policy Making ; Probability ; Time Factors ; United Nations
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 191
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    Herpetology. 100 frogs a-leaping for biodiversity (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-10-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pennisi, Elizabeth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Oct 11;298(5592):339-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12376674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura/anatomy & histology/*classification/genetics/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Female ; Male ; Oviposition ; Sri Lanka ; Trees
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  • 192
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    Soil warming and carbon-cycle feedbacks to the climate system (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-12-14
    Description: In a decade-long soil warming experiment in a mid-latitude hardwood forest, we documented changes in soil carbon and nitrogen cycling in order to investigate the consequences of these changes for the climate system. Here we show that whereas soil warming accelerates soil organic matter decay and carbon dioxide fluxes to the atmosphere, this response is small and short-lived for a mid-latitude forest, because of the limited size of the labile soil carbon pool. We also show that warming increases the availability of mineral nitrogen to plants. Because plant growth in many mid-latitude forests is nitrogen-limited, warming has the potential to indirectly stimulate enough carbon storage in plants to at least compensate for the carbon losses from soils. Our results challenge assumptions made in some climate models that lead to projections of large long-term releases of soil carbon in response to warming of forest ecosystems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Melillo, J M -- Steudler, P A -- Aber, J D -- Newkirk, K -- Lux, H -- Bowles, F P -- Catricala, C -- Magill, A -- Ahrens, T -- Morrisseau, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 13;298(5601):2173-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. jmelillo@mbl.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12481133" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biodegradation, Environmental ; Carbon/*metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Fertilizers ; Massachusetts ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Plants/*metabolism ; *Soil ; Temperature ; *Trees/metabolism
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  • 193
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    Human appropriation of net primary production (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Haberl, Helmut -- Krausmann, Fridolin -- Erb, Karl-Heinz -- Schulz, Niels B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 14;296(5575):1968-9; author reply 1968-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12066820" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agriculture ; Databases, Factual ; *Ecosystem ; Food Chain ; Humans ; *Plant Development ; Trees/growth & development
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 194
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    Evolution and biogeography of deep-sea vent and seep invertebrates (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-02-16
    Description: Deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps are submarine springs where nutrient-rich fluids emanate from the sea floor. Vent and seep ecosystems occur in a variety of geological settings throughout the global ocean and support food webs based on chemoautotrophic primary production. Most vent and seep invertebrates arrive at suitable habitats as larvae dispersed by deep-ocean currents. The recent evolution of many vent and seep invertebrate species (〈100 million years ago) suggests that Cenozoic tectonic history and oceanic circulation patterns have been important in defining contemporary biogeographic patterns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Dover, C L -- German, C R -- Speer, K G -- Parson, L M -- Vrijenhoek, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Feb 15;295(5558):1253-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA. cindy_vandover@wm.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11847331" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Food Chain ; Genetics, Population ; Geography ; Geologic Sediments ; *Invertebrates/classification/genetics/physiology ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phylogeny ; *Seawater ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 195
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    Prokaryotic diversity--magnitude, dynamics, and controlling factors (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-05-11
    Description: There are probably millions of species in the microorganismal domains Bacteria and Archaea (the prokaryotes), and we are only just beginning to work out the basic principles governing their distribution and abundance in natural environments. One characteristic that has become clear is that prokaryote diversity in aquatic environments is orders of magnitude less than in sediments and soils. Hypotheses and models explaining such differences are under development and are beginning to offer promising insights into the mechanisms governing prokaryote diversity and ecosystem function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Torsvik, Vigdis -- Ovreas, Lise -- Thingstad, Tron Frede -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 May 10;296(5570):1064-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, University of Bergen, Jahnebakken 5, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. vigdis.torsvik@im.uib.no〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12004116" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Archaea/genetics/*physiology ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Biological Evolution ; Biomass ; *Ecosystem ; *Environmental Microbiology ; Eukaryota/physiology ; Genome, Archaeal ; Genome, Bacterial ; Geologic Sediments/microbiology ; Phytoplankton/physiology ; Soil Microbiology ; Water Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 196
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    Random perturbations and lattice effects in chaotic population dynamics (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-09-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Domokos, Gabor -- Scheuring, Istvan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 27;297(5590):2163; discussion 2163.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cornell University, Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Ithaca, NY 14853-1503, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12351754" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Mathematics ; Models, Theoretical ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Population Density ; *Population Dynamics ; Stochastic Processes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 197
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    Humped pattern of diversity: fact or artifact? (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-09-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Arim, Matias -- Barbosa, Olga -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 13;297(5588):1763; discussion 1763.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Advanced Studies in Ecology and Biodiversity, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile. marim@genes.bio.puc.cl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12228686" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Artifacts ; *Ecosystem ; Models, Biological ; *Trees ; Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 198
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    Presidential address. Science, sustainability, and the human prospect (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-08-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Raven, Peter H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Aug 9;297(5583):954-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO 63166, USA. praven@nas.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12169719" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; *Environment ; Global Health ; Humans ; *International Cooperation ; *Science ; Technology ; Technology Transfer ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 199
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    Grassland responses to global environmental changes suppressed by elevated CO2 (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-12-10
    Description: Simulated global changes, including warming, increased precipitation, and nitrogen deposition, alone and in concert, increased net primary production (NPP) in the third year of ecosystem-scale manipulations in a California annual grassland. Elevated carbon dioxide also increased NPP, but only as a single-factor treatment. Across all multifactor manipulations, elevated carbon dioxide suppressed root allocation, decreasing the positive effects of increased temperature, precipitation, and nitrogen deposition on NPP. The NPP responses to interacting global changes differed greatly from simple combinations of single-factor responses. These findings indicate the importance of a multifactor experimental approach to understanding ecosystem responses to global change.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shaw, M Rebecca -- Zavaleta, Erika S -- Chiariello, Nona R -- Cleland, Elsa E -- Mooney, Harold A -- Field, Christopher B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 6;298(5600):1987-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. shaw@globalecology.stanford.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12471257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Biomass ; California ; *Carbon Dioxide ; Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Geraniaceae/*growth & development ; Poaceae/*growth & development ; Soil ; Temperature ; Weather
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 200
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    Mass extinctions. No 'darkness at noon' to do in the dinosaurs? (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-02-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kerr, Richard A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Feb 22;295(5559):1445-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11859166" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Dinosaurs ; Dust ; *Ecosystem ; Fires ; *Minor Planets ; Photosynthesis ; Smoke
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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