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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Physics and chemistry of the upper atmosphere (1989)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Details Availability
    Call number: M 23.95096
    Description / Table of Contents: This textbook focuses on the physics and chemistry of the Earth's upper atmosphere, which is bounded at the bottom by a pressure level at which most of the incoming ionizing radiation has been absorbed, and bounded at the top by the level at which the escape of gas becomes important. The plan of the book is to identify the multitude of processes that operate in the upper atmosphere, and to relate them to observed phenomena by detailed mathematical and physical descriptions of the governing processes. Basic information from many disciplines such as radiation physics and chemistry, fluid dynamics, optics, and spectroscopy is skilfully marshalled to give a coherent account of the upper atmosphere. This book is outstanding as an introduction to the primary literature and current problems for students of physics or chemistry. The text is supported by numerous diagrams, bibliography and index
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    ISBN: 9780521368483
    Series Statement: Cambridge atmospheric and space science series
    DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511573118
    Language: English
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
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    Detecting waves using an array of sensors (1999)
    In:  Monthly Weather Review, London, 416 pp., Geological Society, vol. 127, no. 1, pp. 57-69, pp. L18607, (ISBN 1-86239-117-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999
    Keywords: f-k-Analysis ; meteorology ; beamstearing ; Correlation ; Array configur. ; SRICHWALSKI
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Quadrupole moments of coexisting collective shapes at high spin in ^{154}Er (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-10
    Description: Author(s): J. P. Revill, E. S. Paul, X. Wang, M. A. Riley, J. Simpson, R. V. F. Janssens, J. Ollier, A. J. Boston, M. P. Carpenter, C. J. Chiara, C. R. Hoffman, F. G. Kondev, T. Lauritsen, P. J. Nolan, J. M. Rees, S. V. Rigby, C. Unsworth, S. Zhu, and I. Ragnarsson Four high-spin collective bands have been populated in  68 154 Er 86 via the 110 Pd( 48 Ti,4 n γ ) 154 Er reaction. Average transition quadrupole moments Q t have been measured for three of the bands by using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The strongest band has a value of Q t =11.0±1.0  e  b, similar to val... [Phys. Rev. C 88, 031304] Published Mon Sep 09, 2013
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    High-spin terminating states in the N=88 ^{155}Ho and ^{156}Er isotones (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-06
    Description: Author(s): J. M. Rees et al. The Sn 124 ( Cl 37 , 6 n γ ) fusion-evaporation reaction at a bombarding energy of 180 MeV has been used to significantly extend the excitation level scheme of 67 155 Ho 88 . The collective rotational behavior of this nucleus breaks down above spin I ∼ 30 and a fully aligned noncollective (band terminating) state ... [Phys. Rev. C 91, 054301] Published Tue May 05, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    A critical review of the impacts of cover crops on nitrogen leaching, net greenhouse gas balance and crop productivity (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Cover crops significantly (p 〈 0.001) decreased N leaching and significantly (p 〈 0.001) increased soil organic carbon sequestration without having significant (p 〉 0.05) effects on direct N2O emissions. Cover crops could mitigate net greenhouse gas balance by 2.06 ± 2.10 Mg CO2‐eq ha−1 year−1. One of the potential disadvantages of the cover crops identified was the reduction in grain yield of the primary crop by ≈4%, compared to the control treatment. This drawback could be avoided by selecting legume–non‐legume mixed cover crops. However, cover crop management need to be adapted to specific soil, management and regional climatic conditions. Abstract Cover crops play an increasingly important role in improving soil quality, reducing agricultural inputs and improving environmental sustainability. The main objectives of this critical global review and systematic analysis were to assess cover crop practices in the context of their impacts on nitrogen leaching, net greenhouse gas balances (NGHGB) and crop productivity. Only studies that investigated the impacts of cover crops and measured one or a combination of nitrogen leaching, soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrous oxide (N2O), grain yield and nitrogen in grain of primary crop, and had a control treatment were included in the analysis. Long‐term studies were uncommon, with most data coming from studies lasting 2–3 years. The literature search resulted in 106 studies carried out at 372 sites and covering different countries, climatic zones and management. Our analysis demonstrates that cover crops significantly (p 〈 0.001) decreased N leaching and significantly (p 〈 0.001) increased SOC sequestration without having significant (p 〉 0.05) effects on direct N2O emissions. Cover crops could mitigate the NGHGB by 2.06 ± 2.10 Mg CO2‐eq ha−1 year−1. One of the potential disadvantages of cover crops identified was the reduction in grain yield of the primary crop by ≈4%, compared to the control treatment. This drawback could be avoided by selecting mixed cover crops with a range of legumes and non‐legumes, which increased the yield by ≈13%. These advantages of cover crops justify their widespread adoption. However, management practices in relation to cover crops will need to be adapted to specific soil, management and regional climatic conditions.
    Print ISSN: 1354-1013
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2486
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
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    Chinese cropping systems are a net source of greenhouse gases despite soil carbon sequestration (2018)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: This is important to know what extent are greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from intensive arable agriculture in China mitigated by sequestration of carbon in soil. We calculated the net GHG balance (kg C‐eq ha−1 year−1) between SOC stock change and emissions of N2O and CH4 and upstream CO2‐eq emissions associated with agronomic management. Despite the soil carbon sink found in Chinese cropland soils, it acted as a net GHG source because the emissions of total GHG are about one order of magnitude larger than the soil carbon sink under current farmers’ practices. Abstract Soil carbon sequestration is being considered as a potential pathway to mitigate climate change. Cropland soils could provide a sink for carbon that can be modified by farming practices; however, they can also act as a source of greenhouse gases (GHG), including not only nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4), but also the upstream carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with agronomic management. These latter emissions are also sometimes termed “hidden” or “embedded” CO2. In this paper, we estimated the net GHG balance for Chinese cropping systems by considering the balance of soil carbon sequestration, N2O and CH4 emissions, and the upstream CO2 emissions of agronomic management from a life cycle perspective during 2000–2017. Results showed that although soil organic carbon (SOC) increased by 23.2 ± 8.6 Tg C per year, the soil N2O and CH4 emissions plus upstream CO2 emissions arising from agronomic management added 269.5 ± 21.1 Tg C‐eq per year to the atmosphere. These findings demonstrate that Chinese cropping systems are a net source of GHG emissions and that total GHG emissions are about 12 times larger than carbon uptake by soil sequestration. There were large variations between different cropping systems in the net GHG balance ranging from 328 to 7,567 kg C‐eq ha−1 year−1, but all systems act as a net GHG source to the atmosphere. The main sources of total GHG emissions are nitrogen fertilization (emissions during production and application), power use for irrigation, and soil N2O and CH4 emissions. Optimizing agronomic management practices, especially fertilization, irrigation, plastic mulching, and crop residues to reduce total GHG emissions from the whole chain is urgently required in order to develop a low‐carbon future for Chinese crop production.
    Print ISSN: 1354-1013
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2486
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 7
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    A critical review of the impacts of cover crops on nitrogen leaching, net greenhouse gas balance and crop productivity (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Cover crops significantly (p 〈 0.001) decreased N leaching and significantly (p 〈 0.001) increased soil organic carbon sequestration without having significant (p 〉 0.05) effects on direct N2O emissions. Cover crops could mitigate net greenhouse gas balance by 2.06 ± 2.10 Mg CO2‐eq ha−1 year−1. One of the potential disadvantages of the cover crops identified was the reduction in grain yield of the primary crop by ≈4%, compared to the control treatment. This drawback could be avoided by selecting legume–non‐legume mixed cover crops. However, cover crop management need to be adapted to specific soil, management and regional climatic conditions. Abstract Cover crops play an increasingly important role in improving soil quality, reducing agricultural inputs and improving environmental sustainability. The main objectives of this critical global review and systematic analysis were to assess cover crop practices in the context of their impacts on nitrogen leaching, net greenhouse gas balances (NGHGB) and crop productivity. Only studies that investigated the impacts of cover crops and measured one or a combination of nitrogen leaching, soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrous oxide (N2O), grain yield and nitrogen in grain of primary crop, and had a control treatment were included in the analysis. Long‐term studies were uncommon, with most data coming from studies lasting 2–3 years. The literature search resulted in 106 studies carried out at 372 sites and covering different countries, climatic zones and management. Our analysis demonstrates that cover crops significantly (p 〈 0.001) decreased N leaching and significantly (p 〈 0.001) increased SOC sequestration without having significant (p 〉 0.05) effects on direct N2O emissions. Cover crops could mitigate the NGHGB by 2.06 ± 2.10 Mg CO2‐eq ha−1 year−1. One of the potential disadvantages of cover crops identified was the reduction in grain yield of the primary crop by ≈4%, compared to the control treatment. This drawback could be avoided by selecting mixed cover crops with a range of legumes and non‐legumes, which increased the yield by ≈13%. These advantages of cover crops justify their widespread adoption. However, management practices in relation to cover crops will need to be adapted to specific soil, management and regional climatic conditions.
    Print ISSN: 1354-1013
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2486
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 8
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    Non-yrast positive-parity structures in the γ-soft nucleus ^{156} Er (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-23
    Description: Author(s): J. M. Rees, E. S. Paul, M. A. Riley, J. Simpson, A. D. Ayangeakaa, H. C. Boston, M. P. Carpenter, C. J. Chiara, U. Garg, D. J. Hartley, R. V. F. Janssens, D. S. Judson, F. G. Kondev, T. Lauritsen, N. M. Lumley, J. Matta, P. J. Nolan, J. Ollier, M. Petri, J. P. Revill, L. L. Riedinger, S. V. Rigby, C. Unsworth, X. Wang, and S. Zhu Weakly populated band structures have been established in ^{156} Er at low to medium spins, following the ^{114} Cd( ^{48} Ca,6nγ) reaction at 215 MeV. High-fold γ-ray coincidence data were recorded in a high-statistics experiment with the Gammasphere spectrometer. Bands built on the second 0^{+} ... [Phys. Rev. C 83, 044314] Published Fri Apr 22, 2011
    Keywords: Nuclear Structure
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Pre-main-sequence isochrones - III. The Cluster Collaboration isochrone server (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-01
    Description: We present an isochrone server for semi-empirical pre-main-sequence model isochrones in the following systems: Johnson–Cousins, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Two-Micron All-Sky Survey, Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) Wide-Field Camera and INT Photometric Hα Survey (IPHAS)/UV-Excess Survey (UVEX). The server can be accessed via the Cluster Collaboration webpage http://www.astro.ex.ac.uk/people/timn/isochrones/ . To achieve this, we have used the observed colours of member stars in young clusters with well-established age, distance and reddening to create fiducial loci in the colour–magnitude diagram. These empirical sequences have been used to quantify the discrepancy between the models and data arising from uncertainties in both the interior and atmospheric models, resulting in tables of semi-empirical bolometric corrections (BCs) in the various photometric systems. The model isochrones made available through the server are based on existing stellar interior models coupled with our newly derived semi-empirical BCs. As part of this analysis, we also present new cluster parameters for both the Pleiades and Praesepe, yielding ages of $135^{+20}_{-11}$ and $665^{+14}_{-7}\,\rm {Myr}$ as well as distances of 132 ± 2 and 184 ± 2 pc, respectively (statistical uncertainty only).
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    The challenge of modelling nitrogen management at the field scale: simulation and sensitivity analysis of N 2 O fluxes across nine experimental sites using DailyDayCent (2014)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-09
    Description: The United Kingdom currently reports nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture using the IPCC default Tier 1 methodology. However Tier 1 estimates have a large degree of uncertainty as they do not account for spatial variations in emissions. Therefore biogeochemical models such as DailyDayCent (DDC) are increasingly being used to provide a spatially disaggregated assessment of annual emissions. Prior to use, an assessment of the ability of the model to predict annual emissions should be undertaken, coupled with an analysis of how model inputs influence model outputs, and whether the modelled estimates are more robust that those derived from the Tier 1 methodology. The aims of the study were (a) to evaluate if the DailyDayCent model can accurately estimate annual N 2 O emissions across nine different experimental sites, (b) to examine its sensitivity to different soil and climate inputs across a number of experimental sites and (c) to examine the influence of uncertainty i...
    Print ISSN: 1748-9318
    Electronic ISSN: 1748-9326
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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