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  • Books  (1,135)
  • Geosciences  (1,128)
  • Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science  (7)
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  • 1
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    Encyclopedia of GIS (2008)
    New York, NY : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: encyclopedia ; GIS ; Shekhar
    Description / Table of Contents: The Encyclopedia of GIS features an alphabetically arranged comprehensive and authoritative treatment of this subject matter. Authored by world experts and peer-reviewed for accuracy and currency, the entries explain the key software, data sets, and processes used by geographers and computational scientists. Nearly 200 topics include major overviews, such as Geoinformatics, Spatial Cognition, and Location-Based Services. Short entries define specific terms and concepts, such as the Global Positioning System, Digital Elevation/Terrain Model, and Remote Sensing. Larger entries include key citations to the literature, and (online) internal hyperlinks to definitional entries and current standards.The reference will be published as a print volume with abundant black and white art, and simultaneously as an XML online reference with hyperlinked citations, cross-references, four-color art, links to web-based maps, and other interactive features.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIX, 1370 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780387359731
    URL: http://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Deformation and Gravity Change, Volume II : Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism, and Climate Change (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: climate change ; gravity change ; isostasy ; tectonics ; volcanism ; deformation ; geodynamic process
    Description / Table of Contents: During the last decades, the monitoring and modelling of various geodynamic processes have gained ever increasing importance. In particular, temporal variations of the deformation and gravity fields recorded by new types of geodetic measuring techniques and reflecting isostatic, tectonic or volcanic processes in the earth's interior as well as climatologically induced changes on its surface have opened new avenues. The present volume succeeds a similar topical volume published in 2007 and reflects the most recent developments in these fields of research. Part of the papers in this book were presented at the second workshop on 'Deformation and Gravity Change: Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism and Climate Change' that took place at the Casa de los Volcanes on Lanzarote, Spain, during March 27-30, 2007. It was jointly organized and supported by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, the Spanish Council for Scientific Research and the Cabildo Insular de Lanzarote. The workshop also served as the second meeting of the members of the IAG Working Group ICCT2 on 'Dynamic Theories of Deformation and Gravity Fields'.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (373 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034601474
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/166/8/
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Landslide Tsunamis: Recent Findings and Research Directions (2003)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: landslides ; tsunamis ; engineering seismology ; marine geology ; geotechnical engineering ; natural hazards
    Description / Table of Contents: In the wake of the disastrous tsunami which struck Papua New Guinea in 1998, this volume presents 20 state-of-the-art contributions on landslide tsunamis, including earthquake characteristics and ground motions, modeling of landslides in geotechnical engineering, field surveys on land and at sea, simulations of past, present, and potential future tsunamis, and theoretical studies of tsunami generation by landslides.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (435 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764360337
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/160/10/
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Earth Sciences and Mathematics, Volume I (2008)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Description / Table of Contents: A Complutense International Seminar on "Earth Sciences and Mathematics" was organised and held in Madrid at the Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid September, 13th-15th, 2006. Scientists from both fields, Mathematics and Earth Sciences, took part in this International Seminar, addressing scientific problems related with our planet from clearly complementary approaches, seeking to gain and learn from this dual approach and proposing a closer collaboration in the near future. This volume is the first one of a Topical Issue on "Earth Sciences and Mathematics" and contains papers addressing different topics as deformation modelling applied to natural hazards, inverse gravimetric problem to determine 3D density structure, advanced differential SAR interferometry, climate change, geomagnetic field, Earthquake statistics, meteorological studies using satellite images, climate energy balance models, study of soils properties, and multifractal data sets.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 234 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764389062
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/165/6/
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    WMO/GEO Expert Meeting on an International Sand and Dust Storm Warning System : 7-9 November 2007, Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain (2009)
    Bristol, UK : IOP Publishing
    Details
    Keywords: forecast ; sand storm ; dust storm ; warning system ; aeolian dust ; aerosol
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science presents a selection of papers that were given at the WMO/GEO Expert Meeting on an International Sand and Dust Storm Warning System hosted by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center – Centro Nacional de Supercomputación in Barcelona (Spain) on 7-9 November 2007 (http://www.bsc.es/wmo). A sand and dust storm (SDS) is a meteorological phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions and arises when a gust front passes or when the wind force exceeds the threshold value where loose sand and dust are removed from the dry surface. After aeolian uptake, SDS reduce visibility to a few meters in and near source regions, and dust plumes are transported over distances as long as thousands of kilometres. Aeolian dust is unique among aerosol phenomena: (1) with the possible exception of sea-salt aerosol, it is globally the most abundant of all aerosol species, (2) it appears as the dominating component of atmospheric aerosol over large areas of the Earth, (3) it represents a serious hazard for life, health, property, environment and economy (occasionally reaching the grade of disaster or catastrophic event) and (4) its influence, impacts, complex interactions and feedbacks within the Earth System span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. From a political and societal point of view, the concern for SDS and the need for international cooperation were reflected after a survey conducted in 2005 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in which more than forty WMO Member countries expressed their interest for creating or improving capacities for SDS warning advisory and assessment. In this context, recent major advances in research – including, for example, the development and implementation of advanced observing systems, the theoretical understanding of the mechanisms responsible for sand and dust storm generation and the development of global and regional dust models – represent the basis for developing applications focusing on societal benefit and risk reduction. However, at present there are interdisciplinary research challenges to overwhelm current uncertainties in order to reach full potential. Furthermore, the community of practice for SDS observations, forecasts and analyses is mainly scientifically based and rather disconnected from potential users. This requires the development of interfaces with operational communities at international and national levels, strongly focusing on the needs of people and factors at risk ... The general objective of the WMO/GEO Expert Meeting on an International Sand and Dust Storm Warning System was to discuss and recommend actions needed to develop a global routine SDS-WAS based on integrating numerical SDS prediction and observing systems, and on establishing effective cooperation between data producers and user communities in order to provide SDS-WAS products capable of contributing to the reduction of risks from SDS. The specific objectives were: to identify, present and suggest future real-time observations for forecast verification and dust surveillance: satellite, ground-based remote sensing (passive and active) and in-situ monitoring; to present ongoing forecasting activities; to discuss and identify user needs: health, air quality, air transport operations, ocean, and others; to identify and discuss dust research issues relevant for operational forecast applications; to present the concept of SDS-WAS and Regional Centers...
    URL: http://www.iop.org/EJ/toc/1755-1315/7/1
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Donald D Harrington Symposium on the Geology of the Aegean : 28-30 April 2008, University of Texas at Austin, Jackson School of Geosciences, USA (2008)
    Bristol, UK : IOP Publishing
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume of the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Sciences presents a selection of papers given at the Donald D Harrington Symposium on the Geology of the Aegean held on the campus of the University of Texas at Austin on April 28-30, 2008. Donald D Harrington was born in Illinois in 1899 and moved westward after serving in the Army Air Corps during World War I. Mr Harrington took a position as a landman with Marlin Oil Company in Oklahoma. When the Texas Panhandle oil boom hit in 1926, he moved to Amarillo, Texas, where he met Sybil Buckingham—the granddaughter of one of Amarillo's founding families. They married in 1935 and went on to build one of the most successful independent oil and gas operations in Texas history. The couple created the Don and Sybil Harrington Foundation in 1951 to support worthy causes such as museums, medical research, education, and the arts. At the Harrington Symposium on the Geology of the Aegean, researchers presented papers organized under five general themes: (1) the geology of Aegean in general (2) the geologic history of specific domains within the Aegean (Cyclades, Menderes, Kazdag, Rhodope, Crete, southern Balkans, etc) (3) the dynamic tectonic processes that occur within the Aegean (4) its geo-archeological history, natural history and hazards and (5) comparisons of the Aegean to regions elsewhere (e.g., Basin and Ranges; Asian extensional terranes). The Aegean is a locus of dynamic research in a variety of fields, and the symposium provided an opportunity for geologists from a range of disciplines to interact and share new results and information about their research in the area...
    URL: http://www.iop.org/EJ/toc/1755-1315/2/1
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    From deep-sea to coastal zones: methods and techniques for studying palaeoenvironments : 1st METECH workshop, 25-29 February 2008, Faro, Portugal (2009)
    Bristol, UK : IOP Publishing
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Reconstructing past climate and past ocean circulation demands the highest possible precision and accuracy which urges the scientific community to look at different sediment records such as the ones from coastal zones to deep-sea with a more complete set of technical and methodological tools. However, the information given by each tool varies in precision, accuracy and in significance according to their environmental settings. It is therefore essential to compare tools. With that in mind, and as part of the International year of Planet Earth, a workshop entitled `From deep-sea to coastal zones: Methods and Techniques for studying palaeoenvironments' took place in Faro (Portugal), from 25–29 February 2008 in order to: present several methods and techniques that can be used for studying sediments from deep-sea to coastal zones, namely for reconstructing palaeoenvironments in order to document past climatic changes and short to long-term environmental processes; allow cross experience between different fields and specialties, either from deep-sea to coastal zones or from micropaleontology to geochemistry; give the opportunity to students from different universities and countries to attend the workshop; publish a special volume on the presented methods and techniques during the workshop. The workshop was organized in four non-parallel sessions dealing with the use of micropaleontology, isotopes, biogeochemistry and sedimentology, as tools for palaeoenvironmental studies. The present IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science proceedings reflect this organization and papers are published in each theme. The papers are either short reviews or case studies and are highlighted below. The remains of microorganisms found in sediments are the main proxies used in micropaleontological studies. However, the link between fossilized remains and their living origin is not easy to reconstruct only based on the geologic/sedimentary record. Accordingly, Barbosa presents a review of the actual knowledge of living phytoplankton dynamics and the processes, or environmental conditions, which could contribute to the production of fossilized biogenic remains. In the next paper, de Vernal presents a review, based on several case studies, on how palynological fossils observed in sediments are used in tracing biogenic fluxes, characterizing sedimentary environments, or even reconstructing hydrographical conditions and productivity. The two other papers presented in the micropaleontological proxy section are case studies on the use of dinoflagellates (Rochon) and calcareous plankton remains (Guerreiro et al), respectively, to better understand their local or regional environmental living characteristics ant therefore their specific interpretation for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction at a regional scale. Isotopic proxies can be used either as provenance tracers or as chronometers of different processes. Once again, each study can provide a very specific framework of the proxies' use and it is very important to know and evaluate the limits of these tools in each environment and/or type of analyzed material. Accordingly, the two first articles deal with the study of organic carbon either by carbon and oxygen stable isotopes (Hélie) or by radiocarbon (Mollhenhauer and Rethemeyer) analysis. The two other articles in this section deal with the use of radioisotopes. Ghaleb reviews the methods for measuring short-lived radiosisotopes in sediments, giving examples of their use for estimating recent sedimentary accumulation rates; whereas Hillaire-Marcel reviews the potential use of U-series isotopes as radiochronometers in biogenic carbonates. Geochemistry groups more than one field of expertise. However, in the present section, inorganic geochemistry is not treated and both articles present work on a very specific, and at the same time very complex, compound of the organic matter realm: black carbon. As such, Veilleux et al present a density fractionation method for isolating the small quantities of soot-like and graphitic material usually found in natural samples, whereas González-Vila et al. illustrate the potential of the combined use of analytical pyrolysis and solid state 13C NMR to determine the presence of black carbon and to characterize the refractory organic matter in marine sediments from the Gulf of Cadiz (Spain). In the last section, two papers are presented and discuss sedimentological proxies. In their paper, using diffuse spectral reflectance data, Veiga-Pires and Mestre try to determine if `twinned cores' (or paired cores) can be used as duplicate records to increase the volume of sediments collected in the field, whereas Drago et al discuss the use of fish remains in sediments for the reconstruction of paleoproductivity. Each of the above papers benefited from the constructive comments of at least two reviewers and we wish to sincerely thank the reviewers for their timely evaluation. We also thank the participants, volunteers and organizers of the workshop for their implication, making this first workshop on Methods and Techniques for studying palaeoenvironments (METECH) a success. The workshop and this proceeding would not have been possible without the financial and logistical support of GEOTOP, CIMA, the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FACC07/1/1315) and IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science...
    URL: http://www.iop.org/EJ/toc/1755-1315/5/1
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Computational Earthquake Science, Part I (2004)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: earthquake
    Description / Table of Contents: Exciting developments in earthquake science have benefited from new observations, improved computational technologies, and improved modeling capabilities. Designing models of the earthquake of the earthquake generation process is a grand scientific challenge due to the complexity of phenomena and range of scales involved from microscopic to global. Such models provide powerful new tools for the study of earthquake precursory phenomena and the earthquake cycle. Through workshops, collaborations and publications the APEC Cooperation for Earthquake Simulations (ACES) aims to develop realistic supercomputer simulation models for the complete earthquake generation process, thus providing a "virtual laboratory" to probe earthquake behavior. Part I of the book covers microscopic simulations, scaling physics and earthquake generation and cycles. This part also focuses on plate processes and earthquake generation from a macroscopic standpoint.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764371425
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/161/9/
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  • 9
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    Seismic Ground Motion in Large Urban Areas (2004)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: geophysics ; seismicity
    Description / Table of Contents: The accelerated, and often uncontrolled, growth of the cities has contributed to the ecological transformation of their immediate surroundings. Factors contributing to the urban vulnerability include: lowering or rising of the water table, subsidence, loss of bearing capacity of soil foundations and instability of slopes. Recent catastrophic earthquakes highlight the poor understanding by decision makers of seismic related risk, as well as the tendency of some builders to use the cheapest designs and construction materials to increase short-term economic returns on their investment. Losses from earthquakes will continue to increase if we do not shift towards proactive solution. Disaster reduction is both an issue for consideration in the sustainable development agenda and a cross-cutting issue relating to the social, economic, environmental and humanitarian sectors. As location is the key factor, which determines the level of risk associated with a hazard, land-use plans and mapping should be used as tools to identify the most suitable usage for vulnerable areas.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764370428
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/161/5/
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  • 10
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    Air Quality (2003)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: air pollution ; air quality ; climatology
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume, "Air Quality", contains many original findings on biomasss fires, transboundary pollution and associated haze and their impacts on health, biodiversity and economy and thus is expected to be a source book for research in South East Asia. Many of the results presented in this volume pertain to this region and are thus available under one "roof". Some papers could be discussed in graduate level classes dealing with Air Pollution, Air Quality, Cloud Physics and Biophysics. The scientific community will find this book a useful addition to their personal and institutional libraries.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 439 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764370053
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/160/1/
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  • 11
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    Earthquake Microzoning (2002)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: earthquake mechanism
    Description / Table of Contents: In many past and recent earthquakes it has been shown that the local conditions and, in particular, the local geology have a great influence on the observed seismic ground motion and, consequently, on the damage distribution in housing, industrial stock, and life-lines. Seismic microzoning is the usual procedure to have these local effects taken into account for engineering design and land-use planning, being a useful tool for earthquake risk mitigation. This volume presents a collection of papers mainly originated from a workshop on Seismic Microzoning, organized during the 23rd General Assembly of the European Geophysical Society (EGS) in Nice, France in April 1998. The workshop dealt with various geophysical tools for analysing the effects of the local soils of subsurface geology on seismic ground motion, namely the methods using experimental data such as microtremors, and the theoretical/numerical 1-D and 2-D modelling methods. Additional contributions discussing techniques for characterising soil properties, microzoning applications to several urban areas, and others were added to the volume to broaden this important topic.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (358 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764366520
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/158/12/
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  • 12
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    Recent Advances in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: nuclear explosion monitoring ; nuclear test ban ; seismology ; acoustics
    Description / Table of Contents: This topical volume focuses on the most recent advances that have been achieved in relevant fields of research of nuclear test ban monitoring, including seismology, infrasound- and hydro-acoustics, as well as nuclear physics and atmospheric backtracking. This research has been presented during the special sessions on "Research and Development in Nuclear Explosion Monitoring" convened during the 2007 and 2008 General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union (EGU). The special sessions were introduced after the Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO Prepcom) had convened a scientific symposium in 2006 on "CTBT: Synergies with Science 1996-2006 and beyond" marking the tenth anniversary of the United Nations General Assembly’s adoption of the CTBT Treaty. With regard to the seismo-acoustic fields several papers provide important updates on advances made in these fields since publication of ‘Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty’ (see PAGEOPH topical volumes 158-159, 2001-2002). Moreover, this topical volume expands on these publications by including radionuclide and noble gas monitoring, as well as atmospheric transport modeling. In these two areas, significant progress has been made in recent years. Two papers studying the 2006 North Korean nuclear test elucidate how progress made in the relevant fields has allowed for a good understanding on the characteristics of this underground nuclear test.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (246 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034603706
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/167/4/
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  • 13
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    Monitoring Induced Seismicity (2010)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: engineering ; geophysics ; mining ; monitoring technology ; seismic monitoring ; seismic tomography ; seismology ; stress re-distribution
    Description / Table of Contents: Stress re-distribution as a result of exploitation of mineral, hydrocarbon, geothermal, and water resources cannot be eliminated. The effort must be directed to a better understanding of the underlying processes for the management of the hazard and risk associated with these operations. The study of induced seismicity has continually evolved over the past couple of decades, as underlined by both the number and complexity of applied studies required to satisfy the increased economic demands, assure the safety of the workforce and equipment, and protect the environment. A considerable effort has been put into the development of passive monitoring technology, specialized products and services being available for a wide range of applications. The recording of substantial high quality seismic data has stimulated the work on theoretical and practical aspects related to these applications, involving not only seismological knowledge, but also elements of rock mechanics, and an understanding of mining, geotechnical, and petroleum engineering. Pure and Applied Geophysics has largely contributed to raising the profile of induced seismicity research and its credibility. The range of specific analyses included in the present collection of studies expresses how powerful and resourceful passive seismic monitoring has become to so many applications. Seismic data are routinely evaluated for a series of development activities specific to each application. Engineering practice is continually improved based on trials and analyses of the ground response and stress levels, confirmed through the monitoring of seismicity. We are better equipped than ever to provide management decisions based on formalized, quantitative, and thus objective assessment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (213 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034603058
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/167/1/
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  • 14
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    Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Regional Wave Propagation and Crustal Structure (2001)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty ; CTBT ; crustal structure ; monitoring ; wave propagation
    Description / Table of Contents: On September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data center (IDC), and on-site inspections to verify compliance. Successful monitoring of a CTBT requires that we detect and identify all nuclear explosions. Since many events of concern will be too small to be detected teleseismically, this capability requires the use of regional-distance seismograms. The complexity of regional seismograms presents many technical challenges for a monitoring program. This issue focuses on problems associated with regional wave propagation through complex media. It includes papers that investigate regional variations of elastic and anelastic properties of Eurasia, the blockage of regional phases by sedimentary basins, methods for modeling regional wave propagation and for calibrating seismic wave paths in order to extract amplitude variations and source parameters. These papers illustrate the research and development necessary for acquiring an understanding of regional wave propagation which in turn provides the foundation for operational tools used to monitor a CTBT.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 211 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764365509
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/158/7/
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  • 15
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    Statistical Seismology (2005)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: earthquake ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Statistical Seismology aims to bridge the gap between physics-based and statistics-based models. This volume provides a combination of reviews, methodological studies, and applications, which point to promising efforts in this field. The volume will be useful to students and professional researchers alike, who are interested in using stochastic modeling for probing the nature of earthquake phenomena, as well as an essential ingredient for earthquake forecasting.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764372958
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/162/6/
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  • 16
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    Terrestrial Fluids, Earthquakes and Volcanoes: the Hiroshi Wakita Volume I (2006)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: earthquake ; volcanic processes ; early warning ; terrestrial fluids ; volcano
    Description / Table of Contents: The Hiroshi Wakita Volume I is a collection of original papers regarding the role of terrestrial fluids in earthquake and volcanic processes. The importance of monitoring volcanic gases for studying volcanic eruptions is widely recognized by the scientific community. On the other hand, the usefulness of hydrologic and geochemical monitoring in earthquake studies, especially in earthquake prediction, has been controversial. This Pure and Applied Geophysics volume provides the results of some of the most recent studies on terrestrial fluids involved in both processes. The volume honors Hiroshi Wakita for his scientific contributions. Volume II will be published later in 2006. Both volumes should be useful to researchers and graduate students in the field.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (412 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764375805
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/163/4/
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  • 17
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    Mechanism of Induced Seismicity, The (2002)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: induced seismicity
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 617 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764366537
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/159/1/
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    Tsunami and its Hazards in the Indian and Pacific Oceans (2007)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: IUGG Tsunami Commission ; Indian Ocean ; Pacific Ocean ; Sumatra-Andaman earthquake ; Tsunami ; seismology ; Tsunami warning system
    Description / Table of Contents: Tsunamis like the Indian Ocean tsunami caused by the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake in 2004 or the Chilean earthquake in the Pacific Ocean in 1960 motivate international collaborations for the development of tsunami warning systems. Since 1960 the Tsunami Commission, established by the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, has been holding a biannual International Tsunami Symposium (ITS). This volume contains 20 contributions of leading scientists mostly presented at the 22nd International Tsunami Symposium held in summer 2005 in Greece. Consolidated findings based on hydrophone records, seismometer readings, and tide gauges are presented. Reports of post-tsunami surveys and numerical simulations for tsunamis such as the 2004 Indian Ocean event, as well as geological studies of tsunamis in Japan, Central and North America are given. Probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis and tsunami warning systems, among others, are described as are methods to predict tsunamis and mitigate their hazards.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764383633
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/164/2/
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  • 19
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    Rock Physics and Natural Hazards (2009)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: mechanical properties of rocks ; natural hazards ; rock deformation and creep ; rock failure ; rock physics ; transport properties of rocks
    Description / Table of Contents: Natural hazards events such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions involve activation of coupled thermo-hydro-chemo-mechanical processes in rocks. The present book assembles unpublished contributions to the 7th Euro-Conference on Rock Physics and Geomechanics, held in 2007 in Erice, Italy. It presents new laboratory data, theoretical and numerical rock physics models and field observations relevant to the study of natural hazards. In particular, several papers are devoted to rock failure and explore the relationship between the competing deformation micro-mechanisms. Several others investigate shear-induced anisotropy of mechanical and/or transport properties, both in large-scale geologic objects and in laboratory samples. The remaining papers treat various aspects of rock physics and their industrial applications such as geothermics and reservoir characterization.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (428 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034601214
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/166/5/
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  • 20
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    Seismic Hazard of the Circum-Pannonian Region (2000)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: earthquake ; seismic interpretation ; seismic structure ; seismic zoning ; seismicity ; vrancea
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 279 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9783764362638
    URL: https://link.springer.com/journal/24/157/1/
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  • 21
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    Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media (2002)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: seismic waves ; geophysics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: This special issue contains contributions presented at the international workshop Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media V, which was held at the Castle of Zahrádky, Czech Republic, June 5 - 9, 2000. The workshop, which was attended by about 60 seismologists from 16 countries, was devoted mainly to the current state of theoretical and computational means of study of seismic wave propagation in complex structures. The special issue begins with papers dealing with the study and the application of the ray methods. Problems such as coupling of quasi-shear waves or smoothing of models for effective ray computations are dealt with. Applications of the ray methods in seismic exploration are presented. Further, directional wavefield decomposition, phase space, path integral and parabolic equation methods are discussed. Attention is also devoted to attenuation and scattering problems, and to seismic inversion problems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 503 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764366773
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/159/7/
    Language: English
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    Fractals and Dynamic Systems in Geoscience (2000)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: fractals ; geodynamics ; geometry ; lithosphere
    Description / Table of Contents: Concepts and methods of fractal geometry penetrate various branches of human knowledge to an increasing degree. This tendency is particularly striking in the geosciences, because many processes occurring in and on the Earth result in time dependences and spatial patterns that have a fractal character. The contributions in this volume arose from the "3rd International Symposium on Fractals and Dynamic Systems in Geosciences", held at Stara Lesna, Slovakia in June, 1997. The volume contains new ideas and applications of fractal geometry in such diverse branches of geoscience as engineering geology, the physics of the lithosphere (including faulting, seismicity, and fluid flow), and climate behavior.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IV, 192 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764363093
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/157/4/
    Language: English
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    Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Data Processing and Infrasound (2002)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty ; CTBT ; nuclear explosions ; data processing ; infrasound
    Description / Table of Contents: On September 10, 1996, The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Copmprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data center (IDC), and on-site inspections, to verify compliance. This volume presents certain recent research results pertaining on methods used to process data recorded by instruments of the International Monitoring System (IMS) and addressing recording infrasound signals generated by atmospheric explosions. Six papers treating data processing provide an important selection of topics expected to contribute to improving our ability to successfully monitor a CTBT. Five papers concerning infrasound include descriptions of ways in which that important research area can contribute to CTBT monitoring, the automatic processing of infrasound data, and site conditions that serve to improve the quality of infrasound data.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (283 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764366766
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/159/5/
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    Seismogenic and Tsunamigenic Processes in Shallow Subduction Zones (1999)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: geophysics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Earthquakes in shallow subduction zones account for the greatest part of seismic energy release in the Earth and often cause significant damage; in some cases they are accompanied by devastating tsunamis. Understanding the physics of seismogenic and tsunamigenic processes in such zones continues to be a challenging focus of ongoing research. The seismologic and geodetic work reported in this volume highlights the recent advances made toward quantifying and understandig the role of shallow plate coupling in the earthquake generation process. The relation between regional seismotectonics, features in the downgoing plate, and the slip distribution in earthquakes are examined for recent and great historical events. In addition to papers reporting new results, review articles on tsunami and tsunamigenic earthquakes and depth dependent plate interface properties are presented. These observational results, along with complementary laboratory and theoretical studies, can assist in assessing the seismic potential of a given region.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764361464
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/154/3/
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    Terrestrial Fluids, Earthquakes and Volcanoes: the Hiroshi Wakita Volume II (2008)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: earthquake ; volcanic processes ; early warning ; terrestrial fluids ; volcano
    Description / Table of Contents: The Hiroshi Wakita Volume II is a collection of original papers regarding the role of terrestrial fluids in earthquake and volcanic processes. The importance of monitoring volcanic gases for studying volcanic eruptions is widely recognized by the scientific community. On the other hand, the usefulness of hydrological and geochemical monitoring in earthquake studies, especially in earthquake prediction, has been controversial. This Pure and Applied Geophysics volume provides the results of recent studies on terrestrial fluids involved in both processes. The volume honors Hiroshi Wakita for his scientific contributions. It should be useful to researchers and graduate students in the field.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 198 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764387198
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/164/12/
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    Terrestrial Fluids, Earthquakes and Volcanoes: the Hiroshi Wakita Volume III (2008)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: earthquake ; volcanic processes ; early warning ; terrestrial fluids ; volcano
    Description / Table of Contents: Terrestrial fluids, earthquakes and volcanoes: The Hiroshi Wakita volume III is a special publication to honor Professor Hiroshi Wakita for his scientific contribution to science, which has been closely linked with one of the major objectives of this 2008 International Year for the Earth Planet. Reducing natural risks in active tectonic and volcanic environments by searching and detecting early warning hydrological and geochemical signatures related to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions has been a major life research goal for Hiroshi Wakita. This third special issue of Pure and Applied Geophysics consists of 9 original papers written by researchers from Taiwan, Italy, Turkey, Iceland, USA, Sweden, India and Spain dealing with various aspects of the role of terrestrial fluids in earthquake and volcanic processes. It also includes a list of Hiroshi Wakita’s scientific publications. This volume III will be useful to students and professional researchers who are interested in the role of terrestrial fluids in earthquakes and volcanic activity.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 180 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764387372
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/165/1/
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    Weather and Climate: the M.P. Singh Volume, Part I (2005)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: climate ; weather ; meteorology
    Description / Table of Contents: Weather and climate are of concern to virtually all countries worldwide. For many countries the economy depends largely on agriculture, which is significantly affected by variations in weather and climate. This volume contains many original findings on weather and climate related to atmospheric and oceanic processes through mathematical modeling, numerical simulations, and field experiments and it will be useful as a reading material in graduate level courses dealing with weather, climate, boundary layer and air quality. The scientific community at large, especially younger scientists, will find this book a useful addition to their personal and institutional libraries.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783764372965
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/162/8/
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    Advances in Interpretation of Geological Processes : Refinement of Multi-scale Data and Integration in Numerical Modelling (2010)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Keywords: geological processes; tectonics; numerical models
    Description / Table of Contents: Disequilibrium textures versus equilibrium modelling: geochronology at the crossroads / Igor M. Villa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 1-15, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.1 --- Argon enters the retentive zone: reassessment of diffusion parameters for K-feldspar in the South Cyclades Shear Zone, Ios, Greece / M. A. Forster and G. S. Lister / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 17-34, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.2 --- Serrated quartz grain boundaries, temperature and strain rate: testing fractal techniques in a syntectonic granite / Manish A. Mamtani and R. O. Greiling / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 35-48, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.3 --- Microstructure and elastic anisotropy of naturally deformed leucogneiss from a shear zone in Montalto (southern Calabria, Italy) / Rosolino Cirrincione, Eugenio Fazio, Renée Heilbronner, Hartmut Kern, Kurt Mengel, Gaetano Ortolano, Antonino Pezzino and Rosalda Punturo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 49-68, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.4 --- Geometry of intercrystalline brine in plastically deforming halite rocks: inference from electrical resistivity / Tohru Watanabe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 69-78, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.5 --- Brittle plus plastic deformation of gypsum aggregates experimentally deformed in torsion to high strains: quantitative microstructural and texture analysis from optical and diffraction data / M. Zucali, V. Barberini, D. Chateigner, B. Ouladdiaf and L. Lutterotti / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 79-98, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.6 --- Numerical modelling of spontaneous slab breakoff dynamics during continental collision / Cyrill Baumann, Taras V. Gerya and James A. D. Connolly / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 99-114, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.7 --- Present-day vertical isostatic readjustment of the Western Alps revealed by numerical modelling and geodetic and seismotectonic data / Annalisa Gardi, Stéphane Baize and Oona Scotti / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 115-128, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.8 --- Block model versus thermomechanical model: new insights on the present-day regional deformation in the surroundings of the Calabrian Arc / Raffaele Splendore, Anna Maria Marotta, Riccardo Barzaghi, Alessandra Borghi and Letizia Cannizzaro / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 129-147, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.9 --- The role of mantle hydration in continental crust recycling in the wedge region / Marco Meda, Anna Maria Marotta and Maria Iole Spalla / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 149-172, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.10 --- Three-dimensional evaluation of fabric evolution and metamorphic reaction progress in polycyclic and polymetamorphic terrains: a case from the Central Italian Alps / Francesca Salvi, Maria Iole Spalla, Michele Zucali and Guido Gosso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 173-187, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.11 --- The interaction of deformation and metamorphic reactions / Bruce E. Hobbs, Alison Ord, Maria Iole Spalla, Guido Gosso and Michele Zucali / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 332, 189-223, 1 January 2010, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP332.12
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 230 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9781862395800
    URL: https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/332/1
    Language: English
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    Palaeoproterozoic Supercontinents and Global Evolution (2009)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The Palaeoproterozoic era (2500–1600 Ma) was a critical period of Earth history, with dynamic evolution from the deep planetary interior to its surface environment. Several lines of geological evidence suggest the existence of at least one pre-Rodinia supercontinent, named Nuna or Columbia, which formed near the end of Palaeoproterozoic time. Prior to this assembly, there may have been an older supercontinent (Kenorland) or perhaps only independently drifting supercratons. The tectonic records of amalgamation and dispersal of these ancient landmasses provide a framework that links processes of the deep Earth with those of its fluid envelope. The sixteen papers in this volume present reviews and new analytical data that span the geological record of Palaeoproterozoic Earth and provide a current picture of Palaeoproterozoic research. The volume provides a useful reference book for students and professional geoscientists interested in this important period of global evolution.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (362 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392830
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol323/issue1/
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    The Nature and Origin of Compression in Passive Margins (2008)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Increasingly, researchers have reported that passive margins do not show a simple uninterrupted thermal sag pattern of post-rift subsidence following continental separation. Rather, the structural and stratigraphic development of such margins may record evidence of complex phases of differential subsidence, exhumation and fold development. Some of the fold structures observed on passive continental margins appear to be related to regional stresses transmitted through basement rocks, whereas others are related to gravitational sliding and toe-thrusting. This special publication concentrates on the first of these categories. The morphology and distribution of such folds, together with potential mechanisms for generation of regional stress, are described in a series of papers by authorities in the field. As well as being an enigmatic feature of passive margin geology, the compressive folds have significance in the exploration for petroleum.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 220 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392618
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol306/issue1/
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    Fluid Motions in Volcanic Conduits: A Source of Seismic and Acoustic Signals (2008)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Volcanoes become active when fluids are in motion, and erupt when these fluids escape into the atmosphere. Volcanic fluids are a mixture of solid, liquid and gas. These mixtures result in a complex range of flow behaviour, especially during interaction with conduit geometry. These processes are not directly observable and must be inferred from interpretations of field observation and measurement. One of the outcomes of this complexity is the generation of pressure and force transients as high-density phases accelerate and decelerate during unsteady flow. These transients are one means of flexing the conduit wall, a process that manifests itself as ground motion and is detectable as volcano seismic signals. On eruption, volcanic fluids interact with the atmosphere and generate acoustic and thermal signals. In this Special Publication we present a series of papers based on field, numerical and experimental approaches that seek to establish links between geophysical signals and fluid motion in volcanic conduits.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 244 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392625
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol307/issue1/
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    Four Centuries of Geological Travel: The Search for Knowledge on Foot, Bicycle, Sledge and Camel (2007)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: In the last four centuries geologists have traversed the globe, searching for economically important materials or simply to satisfy their intellectual curiosity. Geologists have often been at the vanguard of scientific exploration. The microscopist Robert Hooke explored the Isle of Wight, and Charles Darwin the Cape Verde islands and parts of South America. The volcanic wonders of Italy and central France attracted native and foreign visitors including Lyell and Murchison. The Tyrrell brothers faced great hardship in northern Canada, as did the actor and mineralogist Charles Lewis Giesecke in Greenland. The development of Sydney, Australia depended on finding limestone for building. French geologists relied on camels in the Sahara, and Grenville Cole trusted his tricycle to carry him across Europe. Four Centuries of Geological Travel: The Search for Knowledge on Foot, Bicycle, Sledge and Camel focuses on the complexities of geological exploration and will be of particular interest to Earth scientists, historians of science and to the general reader interested in science.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 415 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392342
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol287/issue1/
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    Rock Physics and Geomechanics in the Study of Reservoirs and Repositories (2007)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: The study of reservoir and repository performance requires the integration of many different fields in Earth sciences, among them rock physics and geomechanics. The aim of this book is to emphasize how rock physics and geomechanics help to get a better insight into important issues linked to reservoir management for exploitation of natural resources, and to repository safety assessment for hazardous waste storage in geological environment. The studies presented here deal with the hydromechanical coupling in fractured rocks, the key experiments in safety assessment of repositories, the development of damaged zones during excavation in a shaley formation, the influence of temperature on the properties of shales, the poroelastic response of sandstones, the development and propagation of compaction bands in reservoir rocks, imaging techniques of geomaterials, the characterization and modelling of reservoirs using 4D seismic data, the mechanical behaviour of fractured rock masses, the petrophysical properties of fault zones, models for rock deformation by pressure solution and the elastic anisotropy in cracked rocks.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 224 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392304
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol284/issue1/
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    The Geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia (2007)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: The complexity of plate interactions and associated crustal deformation in the Eastern Mediterranean region is reflected by the numerous destructive earthquakes that have occurred throughout its history. Many of these have been well documented and studied. In addition, the Aegean region provides examples of core-complex formation, synchronous basin evolution and subsequent graben formation and continental extensional deformation following orogenic contraction. It is therefore considered to be a perfect natural laboratory for the study of these mechanisms. The region has been the subject of intensive research for several decades. This book contains current results and ideas regarding the geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia. It will be essential reading for all geoscientists with an interest in the structural evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (314 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392397
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol291/issue1/
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    Climate Change and Groundwater (2008)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: There is a general consensus that for the next few decades at least, the Earth will continue its warming. This will inevitably bring about serious environmental problems. For human society, the most severe will be those related to alterations of the hydrological cycle, which is already heavily influenced by human activities. Climate change will directly affect groundwater recharge, groundwater quality and the freshwater-seawater interface. The variations of groundwater storage inevitably entail a variety of geomorphological and engineering effects. In the areas where water resources are likely to diminish, groundwater will be one of the main solutions to prevent drought. In spite of its paramount importance, the issue of ‘Climate Change and Groundwater’ has been neglected. This volume presents some of the current understanding of the topic.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 186 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392359
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol288/issue1/
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    Palaeoseismology: Historical and Prehistorical Records of Earthquake Ground Effects for Seismic Hazard Assessment (2009)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Given the tremendous toll in human lives and attendant economic losses, it is appropriate that scientists are working hard to understand better earthquakes, with the aim of forecasting and, ultimately, predicting them. In the last decades increasing attention has been paid to the coseismic effects on the natural environment, creating a solid base of empirical data for the estimation of source parameters of strong earthquakes based on geological observations. The recently introduced INQUA scale (Environmental Seismic Intensity–ESI 2007 Scale) of macroseismic intensity clearly shows how the systematic study of earthquake surface faulting, coseismic liquefaction, tsunami deposits and other primary and secondary ground effects can be integrated with ‘traditional’ seismological and tectonic information to provide a better understanding of the seismicity level of an area and the associated hazards. At the moment this is the only scientific means of equating the seismic records to the seismic cycle time-spans extending the seismic catalogues even to tens of thousands of years, improving future seismic hazard analyses. This Special Publication covers some of the latest multidisciplinary work undertaken to achieve that aim. Eighteen papers from research groups from all continents address a wide range of topics related both to palaeoseismological studies and assessment of macroseismic intensity based only on the natural phenomena associated with an earthquake.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 324 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392762
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol316/issue1/
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    Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic Ecosystems in SE Asia (2009)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Non-marine Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic formations are widespread in mainland SE Asia. Although the first reports on fossils from some of these formations were published as early as the 1890s, it is only since 1980 that floras and faunas from the Permian, Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous of SE Asia have received the attention they deserve. Fieldwork in various parts of Thailand and Laos has revealed a succession of fossil assemblages that now allows a reconstruction of the evolution of continental ecosystems in that part of the world during the Late Palaeozoic and the Mesozoic. The first papers in this book present the geological background of these floral and faunal successions, as well as historical aspects of their discovery. Descriptions of new taxa and review papers deal with plants, sharks, bony fishes, turtles, crocodilians, dinosaurs and mammal-like reptiles. Papers about the Mesozoic palaeobiogeography, environments and climates of Asia conclude the volume.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (306 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392755
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol315/issue1/
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    Fluid Flow and Solute Movement in Sandstones: The Onshore UK Permo-Triassic Red Bed Sequence (2006)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Sandstone aquifers are common worldwide: they contain a significant proportion of the Earth’s fresh water supplies. However, because of their textural complexity and the frequent occurrence of both matrix and fracture flow, prediction of flow and pollutant migration is still a considerable challenge. This volume contains a collection of papers summarizing current research on an example sandstone aquifer: the UK Permo-Triassic Sandstone sequence. These red bed, organic-poor sandstones are of fluvial and aeolian origin, are often strongly textured, and are cut by discontinuities of a wide range of permeabilities. Matrix flow often dominates, but fracture flow also occurs. The papers in the volume deal with research on saturated and unsaturated flow, and solute and non-aqueous-phase liquid movement. They cover investigations from laboratory to regional scale, and involve a wide range of approaches, from petrophysical through geophysical and hydrochemical to modelling. The book is intended to be of interest to researchers and practitioners involved in water resources and groundwater pollution, and to hydrogeology, water engineering, and environmental science students.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 346 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392055
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol263/issue1/
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    Tectonic Development of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (2006)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: The Eastern Mediterranean region is a classic area for the study of tectonic processes and settings related to the development of the Tethyan orogenic belt. The present set of research and synthesis papers by Earth scientist from countries in this region and others provides an up-to-date, interdisciplinary overview of the tectonic development of the Eastern Mediterrenean region from Precambrian to Recent. Key topics include continental rifting, ophiolite genesis and emplacement, continental collision, extensional tectonics, crustal exhumation and intraplate deformation (e.g. active faulting). Alternative tectonic reconstructions of the Tethyan orogen are presented and discussed, with important implications for other regions of the world. The book will be an essential source of information and interpretation for academic researchers (geologists and geophysicists), advanced undergraduates and also for industry professionals, including those concerned with hydrocarbons, minerals and geological hazards (e.g. earthquakes).
    Pages: Online-Ressource (717 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862391987
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol260/issue1/
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    The History of Meteoritics and Key Meteorite Collections: Fireballs, Falls and Finds (2006)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: This Special Publication has 24 papers with an international authorship, and is prefaced by an introductory overview which presents highlights in the field. The first section covers the acceptance by science of the reality of the falls of rock and metal from the sky, an account that takes the reader from BCE (before common era) to the nineteenth century. The second section details some of the world's most important collections in museums - their origins and development. The Smithsonian chapter also covers the astonishingly numerous finds in the cold desert of Antarctica by American search parties. There are also contributions covering the finds by Japanese parties in the Yamato mountains and the equally remarkable discoveries in the hot deserts of Australia, North Africa, Oman and the USA. The other seven chapters take the reader through the revolution in scientific research on meteoritics in the later part of the twentieth century, including terrestrial impact cratering and extraordinary showers of glass from the sky; tektites, now known to be Earth-impact-sourced. Finally, the short epilogue looks to the future. The History of Meteoritics and Key Meteorite Collections should appeal to historians of science, meteoriticists, geologists, astronomers, curators and the general reader with an interest in science.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 513 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862391949
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol256/issue1/
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    Cool-Water Carbonates: Depositional Systems and Palaeoenvironmental Controls (2006)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: During the past decade, work on cool water carbonates has expanded to become a mainstream research area. Studies on modern and Quaternary deposits will continue to be important; however, there is increasing momentum towards unravelling sediment processes, biota-sediment interactions and diagenetic products in Cenozoic and older cool-water carbonates. Many contributions in this book document Cenozoic and Quaternary carbonates from landlocked (microtidal) water-bodies. These carbonates display important differences in biota and fabric distributions when compared with world ocean examples. Consequently, the scientific community is now better placed to reinterpret pre-Tertiary carbonates where there is a suspicion that they have developed under microtidal conditions. Some papers in the book provide new approaches to interpreting environmental change within macrotidal regimes and others lay firm foundations for future cool-water carbonate diagenetic research. The aim of the book is to illustrate recent international contributions to cool-water carbonates research, with an emphasis on Neogene and Recent case studies. Contributions are divided into three sections: microtidal carbonates from the Mediterranean realm; macrotidal examples from New Zealand, Australia and Mexico; and early diagenetic fabrics.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (373 Seiten)
    ISBN: 1862391939
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol255/issue1/
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    Granite-Related Ore Deposits (2011)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: This volume brings together a collection of papers that summarize current ideas and recent progress in the study of granite-related mineralization systems. They provide a combination of field, experimental and theoretical studies. Papers are grouped according to the main granite-related ore systems: granite-pegmatite, skarn and greisen-veins, porphyry, orogenic gold, intrusion-related, epithermal and porphyry-related gold and base metal, iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG), and special case studies. The studies provide a broad spread in terms of both space and time, highlighting granite-related ore deposits from Europe (Russia, Sweden, Croatia and Turkey), the Middle East (Iran), Asia (Japan and China) and South America (Brazil and Argentina) and spanning rocks from Palaeoproterozoic to Miocene in age.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393219
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol350/issue1/
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    Sedimentary Basin Tectonics from the Black Sea and Caucasus to the Arabian Platform (2010)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: This wide area of the Alpine–Himalayan belt evolved through a series of tectonic events related to the opening and closure of the Tethys Ocean. In doing so it produced the largest mountain belt of the world, which extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans. The basins associated with this belt contain invaluable information related to mountain building processes and are the locus of rich hydrocarbon accumulations. However, knowledge about the geological evolution of the region is limited compared to what they offer. This has been mainly due to the difficulty and inaccessibility of cross-country studies. This Special Publication is dedicated to the part of the Alpine–Himalayan belt running from Bulgaria to Armenia, and from Ukraine to the Arabian Platform. It includes twenty multidisciplinary studies covering topics in structural geology/tectonics; geophysics; geochemistry; palaeontology; petrography; sedimentology; stratigraphy; and subsidence and lithospheric modelling. This volume reports results obtained during the MEBE (Middle East Basin Evolution) Programme and related projects in the circum Black Sea and peri-Arabian regions.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 509 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393080
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol340/issue1/
    Language: English
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    The Terrestrialization Process: Modelling Complex Interactions at the Biosphere-Geosphere Interface (2010)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The invasion of the land by plants (‘terrestrialization’) was one of the most significant evolutionary events in the history of life on Earth, and correlates in time with periods of major palaeoenvironmental perturbations. The development of a vegetation cover on the previously barren land surfaces impacted on the global biogeochemical cycles and the geological processes of erosion and sediment transport. The terrestrialization of plants preceded the rise of major new groups of animals, such as insects and tetrapods, the latter numbering some 24 000 living species, including ourselves. Early land-plant evolution also correlates with the most spectacular decline of atmospheric CO2 concentration of Phanerozoic times and with the onset of a protracted period of glacial conditions on Earth. This book includes a selection of papers covering different aspects of the terrestrialization, from palaeobotany to vertebrate palaeontology and geochemistry, promoting a multidisciplinary approach to the understanding of the co-evolution of life and its environments during Early to Mid-Palaeozoic times.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (187 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393097
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol339/issue1/
    Language: English
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    Mapping Hazardous Terrain using Remote Sensing (2007)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The dangers that we face from geohazards appear to be getting worse, especially with the impact of increasing population and global climate change. This collection of papers illustrates how remote sensing technologies - measuring, mapping and monitoring the Earth's surface from aircraft or satellites - can help us to rapidly detect and better manage geohazards. The hazardous terrains examined include areas of landslides, flooding, erosion, contaminated land, shrink-swell clays, subsidence, seismic activity and volcanic landforms. Key aspects of remote sensing are introduced, making this a book that can easily be read by those who are unfamiliar with remote sensing. The featured remote sensing systems include aerial photography and photogrammetry, thermal scanning, hyperspectral sensors, airborne laser altimetry (LiDAR), radar interferometry and multispectral satellites (Landsat, ASTER). Related technologies and methodogies, such as the processing of Digital Elevation Models and data analysis using Geographical Information Systems, are also discussed.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 169 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392298
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol283/issue1/
    Language: English
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    Palaeozoic Reefs and Bioaccumulations: Climatic and Evolutionary Controls (2007)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The geological record contains a fascinating diversity of reefs and shell accumulations. As my other biosedimentary structures, their facies characterization requires careful observation at outcrop and sample scale, and in thin-section to provide information about the global geometries, fabrics and textures respectively. This collection of papers encompasses the breadth of sedimentary geometries and facies displayed by Palaeozoic reefs, shell accumulations, and transitional composite deposits. The definition of reefs and shell concentrations has given rise to variations in nomenclature. The papers in this volume cover specific problems regarding the nomenclature and facies characterization of reefs, shell accumulations and transitional composite deposits. However, rather than attempt a complete revision of terms, the authors have touched on some of the important issues at this stage of development in the field: the main climatic, environmental and evolutionary factors that controlled the Palaeozoic development of shell accumulation and reefs.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 291 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392212
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol275/issue1/
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    Building Stone Decay: From Diagnosis to Conservation (2007)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Stone buildings and monuments from the cultural centres of many of the world's urban areas. Frequently these areas are prone to high levels of atmospheric pollution that promote a variety of aggressive stone decay processes. Because of this, stone decay is now widely recognized as a severe threat to much of our cultural heritage. If this threat is to be successfully addressed it is essential that the symptoms of decay are clearly identified, that appropriate stone properties are accurately characterized and that decay processes are precisely identified. It is undoubtedly the case that successful conservation has to be underpinned by a comprehensive understanding of the causes of decay and the factors that control them. The accomplishment of these demanding goals requires an interdisciplinary approach based on co-operation between geologists, environmental scientists, chemists, material scientists, civil engineers, restorers and architects. In pursuit of this collaboration, this volume aims to strengthen the knowledge base dealing with the causes, consequences, prevention and solution of stone decay problems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 330 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392182
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol271/issue1/
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    Growth and Collapse of the Tibetan Plateau (2011)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Despite agreement on first-order features and mechanisms, critical aspects of the origin and evolution of the Tibetan Plateau, such as the exact timing and nature of collision, the initiation of plateau uplift, and the evolution of its height and width, are disputed, untested or unknown. This book gathers papers dealing with the growth and collapse of the Tibetan Plateau. The timing, the underlying mechanisms, their interactions and the induced surface shaping, contributing to the Tibetan Plateau evolution are tightly linked via coupled and feedback processes. We present interdisciplinary contributions allowing insight into the complex interactions between lithospheric dynamics, topography building, erosion, hydrological processes and atmospheric coupling. The book is structured in four parts: early processes in the plateau formation; recent growth of the Tibetan Plateau; mechanisms of plateau growth; and plateau uplift, surface processes and the monsoon.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (255 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393264
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol353/issue1/
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    Hydrocarbons in Contractional Belts (2010)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Onshore fold–thrust belts are commonly perceived as ‘difficult’ places to explore for hydrocarbons and are therefore often avoided. However, these belts host large oil and gas fields and so these barriers to effective exploration mean that substantial unexploited resources may remain. Over time, evaluation techniques have improved. It is possible in certain circumstances to achieve good 3D seismic data. Structural restoration techniques have moved into the 3D domain and increasingly sophisticated palaeo-thermal indicators allow better modelling of burial and uplift evolution of source and reservoirs. Awareness of the influence of pre-thrust structure and stratigraphy and of hybrid thick and thin-skinned deformation styles is augmenting the simplistic geometric models employed in earlier exploration. But progress is a slow, expensive and iterative process. Industry and academia need to collaborate in order to develop and continually improve the necessary understanding of subsurface geometries, reservoir and charge evolution and timing; this publication offers papers on specific techniques, outcrop and field case studies.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393172
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol348/issue1/
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    Hypogene Speleogenesis : Hydrogeological and Morphogenetic Perspective (2007)
    Carlsbad : National Cave and Karst Research Institute
    Details
    Keywords: speleogenesis ; hypogene ; hypogenic ; karst hydrogeology ; carbonate reservoirs ; artesian karst ; intrastratal karst ; deep-seated karst ; hydrothermal karst ; sulfuric acid karst ; caves ; karst subsidence ; karst collapse ; oil deposits ; ore deposits
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides an overview of the principal environments, main processes and manifestations of hypogenic speleogenesis, and refines the relevant conceptual framework. It consolidates the notion of hypogenic karst as one of the two major types of karst systems (the other being epigenetic karst). Karst is viewed in the context of regional groundwater flow systems, which provide the systematic transport and distribution mechanisms needed to produce and maintain the disequilibrium conditions necessary for speleogenesis. Hypogenic and epigenic karst systems are regularly associated with different types, patterns and segments of flow systems, characterized by distinct hydrokinetic, chemical and thermal conditions. Epigenic karst systems are predominantly local systems, and/or parts of recharge segments of intermediate and regional systems. Hypogenic karst is associated with discharge regimes of regional or intermediate flow systems. Various styles of hypogenic caves that were previously considered unrelated, specific either to certain lithologies or chemical mechanisms are shown to share common hydrogeologic genetic backgrounds. In contrast to the currently predominant view of hypogenic speleogenesis as a specific geochemical phenomenon, the broad hydrogeological approach is adopted in the book. Hypogenic speleogenesis is defined with reference to the source of fluid recharge to the cave-forming zone, and type of flow system. It is shown that confined settings are the principal hydrogeologic environment for hypogenic speleogenesis. However, there is a general evolutionary trend for hypogenic karst systems to lose their confinement due to uplift and denudation and due to their own expansion. Confined hypogenic caves may experience substantial modification or be partially or largely overridden under subsequent unconfined (vadose) stages, either by epigenic processes or continuing unconfined hypogenic processes, especially when H2S dissolution mechanisms are involved. Hypogenic confined systems evolve to facilitate cross-formational hydraulic communication between common aquifers, or between laterally transmissive beds in heterogeneous soluble formations, across cave-forming zones. The latter originally represented low-permeable, separating units supporting vertical rather than lateral flow. Layered heterogeneity in permeability and breaches in connectivity between different fracture porosity structures across soluble formations are important controls over the spatial organization of evolving ascending hypogenic cave systems. Transverse hydraulic communication across lithological and porosity system boundaries, which commonly coincide with major contrasts in water chemistry, gas composition and temperature, is potent enough to drive various disequilibrium and reaction dissolution mechanisms. Hypogenic speleogenesis may operate in both carbonates and evaporites, but also in some clastic rocks with soluble cement. Its main characteristic is the lack of genetic relationship with groundwater recharge from the overlying or immediately adjacent surface. It may not be manifested at the surface at all, receiving some expression only during later stages of uplift and denudation. In many instances, hypogenic speleogenesis is largely climate-independent. There is a specific hydrogeologic mechanism inherent in hypogenic transverse speleogenesis (restricted input/output) that suppresses the positive flow-dissolution feedback and speleogenetic competition in an initial flowpath network. This accounts for the development of more pervasive channeling and maze patterns in confined settings where appropriate structural prerequisites exist. As forced-flow regimes in confined settings are commonly sluggish, buoyancy dissolution driven by either solute or thermal density differences is important in hypogenic speleogenesis. In identifying hypogenic caves, the primary criteria are morphological (patterns and meso-morphology) and hydrogeological (hydrostratigraphic position and recharge/flow pattern viewed from the perspective of the evolution of a regional groundwater flow system). Elementary patterns typical for hypogenic caves are network mazes, spongework mazes, irregular chambers and isolated passages or crude passage clusters. They often combine to form composite patterns and complex 3-D structures. Hypogenic caves are identified in various geological and tectonic settings, and in various lithologies. Despite these variations, resultant caves demonstrate a remarkable similarity in cave patterns and meso-morphology, which strongly suggests that the hydrogeologic settings were broadly identical in their formation. Presence of the characteristic morphologic suites of rising flow with buoyancy components is one of the most decisive criteria to identify hypogenic speleogenesis. Hypogenic speleogenesis is much more widespread than it was previously presumed. Hypogenic caves include many of the largest, by integrated length and by volume, documented caves in the world. The refined conceptual framework of hypogenic speleogenesis has broad implications in applied fields and promises to make karst and cave expertise more demanded by practicing hydrogeology, geological engineering, economic geology and mineral resource industries. Any generalization of hydrogeology of karst aquifers, as well as approaches to practical issues and resource prospecting in karst regions, should take into account the different nature and characteristics of hypogenic and epigenic karst systems. Hydraulic properties of karst aquifers, evolved in response to hypogenic speleogenesis, are characteristically different from epigenic karst aquifers. In hypogenic systems, cave porosity is roughly an order of magnitude greater, and areal coverage of caves is five times greater than in epigenic karst systems. Hypogenic speleogenesis commonly results in more isotropic conduit permeability pervasively distributed within highly karstified areas measuring up to several square kilometers. Although being vertically and laterally integrated throughout conduit clusters, hypogenic systems, however, do not transmit flow laterally for considerable distances. Hypogenic speleogenesis can affect regional subsurface fluid flow by greatly enhancing initially available cross-formational permeability structures, providing higher local vertical hydraulic connections between lateral stratiform pathways for groundwater flow, and creating discharge segments of flow systems, the areas of low-fluid potential recognizable at the regional scale. Discharge of artesian karst springs, which are modern outlets of hypogenic karst systems, is often very large and steady, being moderated by the high karstic storage developed in the karstified zones and by the hydraulic capacity of an entire artesian system. Hypogenic speleogenesis plays an important role in conditioning related processes such as hydrothermal mineralization, diagenesis, and hydrocarbon transport and entrapment. The appreciation of the wide occurrence of hypogenic karst systems, marked specifics in their origin, development and characteristics, and their scientific and practical importance, calls for revisiting and expanding of the current predominantly epigenic paradigm of karst and cave science.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 106 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780979542206
    URL: http://www.speleogenesis.info/content/?vmode=article&id=9378
    Language: English
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    Ice-Marginal and Periglacial Processes and Sediments (2011)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Understanding the sediments deposited by glaciers or other cold-climate processes assumes enhanced significance in the context of current global warming and the predicted melt and retreat of glaciers and ice sheets. This volume analyses glacial, proglacial and periglacial settings focusing, among others, on sedimentation at termini of tidewater glaciers, on hitherto not-well-understood high-mountain features, and on sediments such as slope and aeolian deposits whose clasts were sourced in glacial and periglacial regions, but have been transported and deposited by azonal processes. Difficulties are thus often encountered in inferring Pleistocene and pre-Pleistocene cold-climate conditions when the sedimentary record lacks many of the specific diagnostic indicators. The main objective of this volume is to establish the validity and limitations of the evidence that can be obtained from widely distributed clastic deposits, in order to achieve reliable palaeogeographic and palaeoclimatic reconstructions. At a more general level and on the much longer geological timescale, an understanding of ice-marginal and periglacial environments may better prepare us for the unavoidable reversal towards cooler and perhaps even glacial times in the future.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 284 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393271
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol354/issue1/
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    Geology of the Earthquake Source : A Volume in Honour of Rick Sibson (2011)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Professor Richard (Rick) Sibson revolutionized structural geology by illustrating that fault rocks contain an integrated record of earthquakes. Fault-rock textures develop in response to geological and physical variables such as composition, environmental conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure), fluid presence and strain rate. These parameters also determine the rate- and state-variable frictional stability of a fault, the dominant mineral deformation mechanism and shear strength, and ultimately control the partitioning between seismic and aseismic deformation. This volume contains a collection of papers that address the geological record of earthquake faulting from field-based or theoretical perspectives. The papers cover observations in active fault zones, the relationships between fault rocks and fault-slip styles, interpretation of fault-rock textures from the base of the seismogenic zone, consideration of the effects of fluids on faulting, discussion of fault reactivation v. initiation, and a review of future directions in geological earthquake research by Professor Sibson.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 341 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393370
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol359/issue1/
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    Carbonate Platform Systems : Components and Interactions (2000)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: This volume is a collection of papers, with an introduction, concerning the consequences of organism-environment interactions for modern and ancient carbonate platform systems. They arise from the 1999 Lyell Meeting on ‘Organism-Environment Feedbacks in Carbonate Platforms and Reefs’. The papers presented here provide an integrated view of carbonate platforms, emphasizing dynamic interactions at all hierarchical levels and revealing the limitations of uniformitarian analogy in biotically influenced sedimentary systems. Selected case studies from around the world illustrate aspects ranging from the genesis of growth fabrics to changing patterns of carbonate platform development. The text will be of interest to sedimentologists, palaeontologists and marine ecologists alike.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (231 Seiten)
    ISBN: 1862390746
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/178/1.toc
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    Recent Developments on Debris Flows (1997)
    Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Gewässerschutz ; Hydrogeologie ; Hydrologie ; Muren ; Schlammströme ; debris flow ; hydrogeological risk ; hydrology ; muren ; torrent control devices
    Description / Table of Contents: The book gives a general overview of recent approaches to debris flows. Problems of both occurrences and dynamics of debris flow are treated, taking into account new results from theoretical and experimental research and field observations. Finally, the functioning of the main control devices are reconsidered in the light of the state of the art. Contents: Observation and Measurement for Debris Flow - Introduction, Prediction of Debris Flow for Warning and Evacuation, Large and Small Debris Flows - Occurence and Behaviour, Field Survey for Debris Flow in Volcanic Area.- Dynamics of Debris Flow - Introduction, A Comparison Between Gravity Flows of Dry Sand and Sand-Water Mixtures, Review Dynamic Modeling of Debris Flows, Dynamics of the Inertial and Viscous Debris Flows, Selected Notes on Debris Flow Dynamicss.- Control Measures for Debris Flow - Introduction, Development of New Methods for Countermeasures against Debris Flows, Torrent Check Dams as a Control Measure for Debris Flows, On the Dynamic Impact of Debris Flows.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 226 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783540497295
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0117757
    Language: English
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    Intra-Oceanic Subduction Systems : Tectonic and Magmatic Processes (2003)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Recycling of oceanic plate back into the Earth’s interior at subduction zones is one of the key processes in Earth evolution. Volcanic arcs, which form above subduction zones, are the most visible manifestations of plate tectonics, the convection mechanism by which the Earth loses excess heat They are probably also the main location where new continental crust is formed, the so-called ‘subduction factoiy’ About 400f modern subduction zones on Earth are intra-oceanic. These subduction systems are generally simpler than those at continental margins as they commonly have a shorter history of subduction and their magmas are not contaminated by ancient sialic crust. They are therefore the optimum locations for studies of mantle processes and magmatic addition to the crust in subduction zones. This volume contains a collection of papers that exploit the relative simplicity of intra-oceanic subduction systems to provide insights into the tectonic, magmatic and hydrothermal processes associated with subduction.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 352 Seiten)
    ISBN: 1862391475
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/219/1.toc
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    Subsurface Sediment Mobilization (2003)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Sedimentary facies in the subsurface are usually interpreted from a epositional/stratigraphical perspective: the depositional layering is generally considered to remain undisturbed, except in a few settings. But, there is growing evidence that subsurface sediment mobilization (SSM) is more widespread than previously thought, as new observations arise from the ever-increasing resolution of subsurface data. Many examples are from hydrocarbon provinces but studies elsewhere, for example in preparation for the underground storage of hazardous waste, have yielded unexpected examples. Although until now the different aspects of SSM, including soft sediment deformations, sand injections, shale diapirs, mud volcanoes, etc, have been separated, the new discoveries emphasize their inter-connection, regardless of scale, depth, location, grain size or trigger mechanism. This volume integrates the different aspects of sediment mobilization in the subsurface and their structural consequences, allowing a more generaland a more coherent view of the subject.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (522 Seiten)
    ISBN: 1862391416
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/216/1.toc
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    Encyclopedia of Geobiology (2011)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: astrobiology ; biogeochemistry ; biogeoscience ; geobiology ; geology ; microbiology ; origin of life
    Description / Table of Contents: The interplay between Geology and Biology has shaped the Earth from the early Precambrian, 4 billion years ago. Moving beyond the borders of the classical core disciplines, Geobiology strives to identify cause-and-effect chains and synergisms between the geo- and the biospheres that have been driving evolution of life in modern and ancient environments. Combining modern methods, geobiological information can be extracted not only from visible remains of organisms, but also from organic molecules, rock fabrics, minerals, isotopes and other tracers. Exploring these processes and their signatures also creates enormous applied potentials with respect to issues of environment protection, public health, energy and resource management. The Encyclopedia of Geobiology is designed as a key reference for students, researchers, teachers, and the informed public to provide basic, but comprehensible knowledge on this rapidly expanding discipline at the interface between modern geo- and biosciences.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXVIII, 927 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781402092121
    URL: http://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1
    Language: English
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    Anatomy, Phylogeny and Palaeobiology of Early Archosaurs and their Kin (2013)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Keywords: Triassic; palaeobiology; archosaurs
    Description / Table of Contents: Anatomy, phylogeny and palaeobiology of early archosaurs and their kin / Sterling J. Nesbitt, Julia B. Desojo and Randall B. Irmis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 1-7, 11 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.21 --- ‘Proterosuchia’: the origin and early history of Archosauriformes / Martín D. Ezcurra, Richard J. Butler and David J. Gower / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 9-33, 23 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.11 --- Euparkeriidae / Roland B. Sookias and Richard J. Butler / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 35-48, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.6 --- Doswelliidae: a clade of unusual armoured archosauriforms from the Middle and Late Triassic / Hans-Dieter Sues, Julia B. Desojo and Martín D. Ezcurra / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 49-58, 23 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.13 --- Proterochampsia: an endemic archosauriform clade from South America / María Jimena Trotteyn, Andrea B. Arcucci and Tiago Raugust / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 59-90, 11 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.23 --- Phytosauria / Michelle R. Stocker and Richard J. Butler / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 91-117, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.5 --- Triassic pterosaurs / Fabio M. Dalla Vecchia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 119-155, 25 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.14 --- Non-dinosaurian Dinosauromorpha / Max C. Langer, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Jonathas S. Bittencourt and Randall B. Irmis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 157-186, 13 February 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.9 --- Ornithosuchidae: a group of Triassic archosaurs with a unique ankle joint / M. Belén von Baczko and Martín D. Ezcurra / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 187-202, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.4 --- Aetosauria: a clade of armoured pseudosuchians from the Upper Triassic continental beds / Julia B. Desojo, Andrew B. Heckert, Jeffrey W. Martz, William G. Parker, Rainer R. Schoch, Bryan J. Small and Tomasz Sulej / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 203-239, 13 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.17 --- Rauisuchia / Sterling J. Nesbitt, Stephen L. Brusatte, Julia B. Desojo, Alexandre Liparini, Marco A. G. De França, Jonathan C. Weinbaum and David J. Gower / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 241-274, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.1 --- Early Crocodylomorpha / Randall B. Irmis, Sterling J. Nesbitt and Hans-Dieter Sues / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 275-302, 11 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.24 --- The first occurrence of Chanaresuchus bonapartei (Archosauriformes, Proterochampsia) of the Middle Triassic of Brazil from the Santacruzodon Assemblage Zone, Santa Maria Formation (Paraná Basin) / Tiago Raugust, Marcel Lacerda and Cesar Leandro Schultz / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 303-318, 13 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.22 --- Prorotodactylus and Rotodactylus tracks: an ichnological record of dinosauromorphs from the Early–Middle Triassic of Poland / Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki, Stephen L. Brusatte and Richard J. Butler / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 319-351, 23 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.12 --- The Late Triassic dinosauromorph Sacisaurus agudoensis (Caturrita Formation; Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): anatomy and affinities / Max C. Langer and Jorge Ferigolo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 353-392, 23 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.16 --- A new aetosaur from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation of the Eagle Basin, Colorado, USA / Bryan J. Small and Jeffrey W. Martz / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 393-412, 11 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.18 --- Growth curve of Aetosauroides scagliai Casamiquela 1960 (Pseudosuchia: Aetosauria) inferred from osteoderm histology / Jeremías R. A. Taborda, Ignacio A. Cerda and Julia B. Desojo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 413-423, 11 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.19 --- The braincase of Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Archosauria: Suchia) / Bianca Martins Mastrantonio, Cesar L. Schultz, Julia B. Desojo and Juliana Bittencourt Garcia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 425-440, 23 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.10 --- A reconstruction of the thigh musculature of the extinct pseudosuchian Prestosuchus chiniquensis from the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone (Middle Triassic Epoch), Santa Maria 1 Sequence, southern Brazil / Alexandre Liparini and Cesar L. Schultz / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 441-468, 13 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.20 --- The skull anatomy of Decuriasuchus quartacolonia (Pseudosuchia: Suchia: Loricata) from the middle Triassic of Brazil / Marco A. G. De França, Max C. Langer and Jorge Ferigolo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 469-501, 13 February 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.8 --- Cranial remains of Poposaurus gracilis (Pseudosuchia: Poposauroidea) from the Upper Triassic, the distribution of the taxon, and its implications for poposauroid evolution / William G. Parker and Sterling J. Nesbitt / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 503-523, 29 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.3 --- Postcranial skeleton of Postosuchus kirkpatricki (Archosauria: Paracrocodylomorpha), from the Upper Triassic of the United States / Jonathan C. Weinbaum / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 525-553, 13 February 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.7 --- Morphology and diversity of the mandibular symphysis of archosauriforms / Casey M. Holliday and Sterling J. Nesbitt / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 555-571, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.2 --- Body size evolution during the Triassic archosauriform radiation / Alan H. Turner and Sterling J. Nesbitt / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 379, 573-597, 23 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP379.15
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 608 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9781862396395
    URL: https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/379/1
    Language: English
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    Advances in 40Ar/39Ar Dating: from Archaeology to Planetary Sciences (2014)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Keywords: Ar/Ar; absolute age; geochronology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction --- Advances in 40Ar/39Ar dating: from archaeology to planetary sciences – introduction / Fred Jourdan, Darren F. Mark and Chrystele Verati / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 1-8, 16 January 2014, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.24 --- Perspectives on 40Ar/39Ar dating / Ian McDougall / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 9-20, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.20 --- Methodological developments --- Some footnotes to the optimization-based calibration of the 40Ar/39Ar system / Paul R. Renne / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 21-31, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.17 --- Neutron-induced 37Ar recoil ejection in Ca-rich minerals and implications for 40Ar/39Ar dating / F. Jourdan and P. R. Renne / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 33-52, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.15 --- Direct measurement of recoil effects on 40Ar/39Ar standards / Chris M. Hall / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 53-62, 13 March 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.7 --- FCs-EK: a new sampling of the Fish Canyon Tuff 40Ar/39Ar neutron flux monitor / L. E. Morgan, D. F. Mark, J. Imlach, D. Barfod and R. Dymock / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 63-67, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.21 --- Petrology and geochronology of ‘muscovite age standard’ B4M / Alexandra R. Heri, Martin Robyr and Igor M. Villa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 69-78, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.2 --- Argon extraction from geological samples by CO2 scanning laser step-heating / D. N. Barfod, D. F. Mark, A. Tait, R. C. Dymock and J. Imlach / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 79-90, 24 October 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.23 --- The multi-diffusion domain model: past, present and future / T. Mark Harrison and Oscar M. Lovera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 91-106, 13 March 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.9 --- Diffusion of Ar in K-feldspar: Present and absent / Igor M. Villa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 107-116, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.4 --- 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and the diffusion of 39Ar in phengite–muscovite intergrowths during step-heating experiments in vacuo / Marnie A. Forster and Gordon S. Lister / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 117-135, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.16 --- Ar diffusion and solubility measurements in plagioclases using the ultra-violet laser depth-profiling technique / Jo-Anne Wartho, Simon P. Kelley and Stephen C. Elphick / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 137-154, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.13 --- Modelling effect of sericitization of plagioclase on the 40K/40Ar and 40Ar/39Ar chronometers: implication for dating basaltic rocks and mineral deposits / Chrystèle Verati and Fred Jourdan / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 155-174, 25 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.14 --- The other isotopes: research avenues based on 36Ar, 37Ar and 38Ar / Grenville Turner and Ray Burgess / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 175-188, 13 March 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.8 --- Applications: Tectonics --- 40Ar/39Ar Thermochronology on Central China Orogen: Cooling, uplift and implications for orogeny dynamics / Fei Wang, Rixiang Zhu, Quanlin Hou, Dewen Zheng, Liekun Yang, Lin Wu, Wenbei Shi, Huile Feng, Haiqing Sang, Hongyuan Zhang and Qing Liu / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 189-206, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.3 --- 40Ar/39Ar ages of crystallization and recrystallization of rock-forming polyhalite in Alpine rocksalt deposits / C. Leitner, F. Neubauer, J. Genser, S. Borojević-Šoštarić and G. Rantitsch / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 207-224, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.5 --- Persistent long-term (c. 24 Ma) exhumation in the Eastern Alaska Range constrained by stacked thermochronology / Jeff A. Benowitz, Paul W. Layer and Sam Vanlaningham / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 225-243, 20 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.12 --- 40Ar/39Ar hornblende provenance clues about Heinrich event 3 (H3) / Greg E. Downing, Sidney R. Hemming, Anne Jost and Martin Roy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 245-263, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.18 --- Observation of centimetre-scale argon diffusion in alkali feldspars: implications for 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology / Stephanie Flude, Alison M. Halton, Simon P. Kelley, Sarah C. Sherlock, James Schwanethal and Camilla M. Wilkinson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 265-275, 10 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.25 --- Applications: Volcanology --- 40Ar/39Ar age constraints on the Haifanggou and Lanqi formations: When did the first flowers bloom? / Su-Chin Chang, Haichun Zhang, Sidney R. Hemming, Gary T. Mesko and Yan Fang / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 277-284, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.1 --- Timing of geothermal activity in an active island-arc volcanic setting: First 40Ar/39Ar dating from Bouillante geothermal field (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) / C. Verati, P. Patrier-Mas, J. M. Lardeaux and V. Bouchot / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 285-295, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.19 --- Applications: Planetary sciences --- Issues in dating young rocks from another planet: Martian shergottites / Jisun Park, Donald D. Bogard, Laurence E. Nyquist and G. F. Herzog / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 297-316, 20 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.10 --- A laser probe 40Ar/39Ar investigation of poikilitic shergottite NWA 4797: implications for the timing of shock metamorphism / Erin L. Walton, Simon Kelley, Christopher D. K. Herd and Anthony J. Irving / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 317-332, 20 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.11 --- 40Ar/39Ar ages of impacts involving ordinary chondrite meteorites / Timothy D. Swindle, D. A. Kring and J. R. Weirich / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 333-347, 24 January 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.6 --- A high-precision 40Ar/39Ar age for hydrated impact glass from the Dellen impact, Sweden / D. F. Mark, P. Lindgren and A. E. Fallick / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 378, 349-366, 30 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP378.22
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 378 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9781862396623
    URL: https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/378/1
    Language: English
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    Isotopic Studies in Cretaceous Research (2013)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The Cretaceous was a period characterized by very warm climate, oceanic anoxic and oxic events and enhanced volcanic activity. The end of the Cretaceous is punctuated by a well-documented asteroid impact and the extinction of, among other groups, the dinosaurs. This volume elucidates various aspects of Cretaceous marine and continental environmental conditions. The articles in this book present a broad range of interdisciplinary contributions, which are grouped into sections on marine environments(including anoxic and oxic events, volcanism and the Cretaceous–Palaeocene boundary); mixed marine–freshwater environments and continental records. The isotopic data are combined with further geochemical, palaeontological, lithological and mineralogical proxies. The interdisciplinary approach offered here gives a solid investigation base for this fascinating period. There are examples from Europe, Asia, South and North America, and from the Early Cretaceous to the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (221 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393646
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/382/1.toc
    Language: English
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    Tectonics : Recent Advances (2012)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: geology ; geophysics ; tectonics ; seismology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Cyclic Development of Axial Parts of Slow-Spreading Ridges: Evidence from Sierra Leone Area, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 5-7°N by E.V. Sharkov --- Chapter 2: Features of Caucasian Segment of the Alpine-Himalayan Convergence Zone: Geological, Volcanological, Neotectonical, and Geophysical Data by E.V. Sharkov, V.A. Lebedev, A.G. Rodnikov, A.V. Chugaev, N.A. Sergeeva and L.P. Zabarinskaya --- Chapter 3: 3D Modelling and Basement Tectonics of the Niger Delta Basin from Aeromagnetic Data by A.A. Okiwelu and I.A. Ude --- Chapter 4: Seismic Paleo-Geomorphic System of the Extensional Province of the Niger Delta: An Example of the Okari Field by Muslim B. Aminu and Moses O. Olorunniwo --- Chapter 5: Geodynamic and Tectonostratigrafic Study of a Continental Rift: The Triassic Cuyana Basin, Argentina by Silvia Patricia Barredo --- Chapter 6: Role of the NE-SW Hercynian Master Fault Systems and Associated Lineaments on the Structuring and Evolution of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basins of the Alpine Margin, Northern Tunisia by Fetheddine Melki, Taher Zouaghi, Mohamed Ben Chelbi, Mourad Bédir and Fouad Zargouni --- Chapter 7: An Assessment of the Earthquakes of Ancient Troy, NW Anatolia, Turkey by Akın Kürçer, Alexandros Chatzipetros, Salih Zeki Tutkun, Spyros Pavlides, Süha Özden, George Syrides, Kostas Vouvalidis, Emin Ulugergerli, Özkan Ateş and Yunus Levent Ekinci --- Chapter 8: Paleoseismological Three Dimensional Virtual Photography Method; A Case Study: Bağlarkayası-2010 Trench, Tuz Gölü Fault Zone, Central Anatolia, Turkey by Akın Kürçer and Yaşar Ergun Gökten --- Chapter 9: Structural Geological Analysis of the High Atlas (Morocco): Evidences of a Transpressional Fold-Thrust Belt by Alessandro Ellero, Giuseppe Ottria, Marco G. Malusà and Hassan Ouanaimi --- Chapter 10: Plate Tectonic Evolution of the Southern Margin of Laurussia in the Paleozoic by Jan Golonka and Aleksandra Gawęda --- Chapter 11: Was the Precambrian Basement of Western Troms and Lofoten-Vesterålen in Northern Norway Linked to the Lewisian of Scotland? A Comparison of Crustal Components, Tectonic Evolution and Amalgamation History" by Steffen G. Bergh, Fernando Corfu, Per Inge Myhre, Kåre Kullerud, Paul E.B. Armitage, Klaas B. Zwaan, Erling K. Ravna, Robert E. Holdsworth and Anupam Chattopadhya
    Pages: Online-Ressource (330 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535106753
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/tectonics-recent-advances
    Language: English
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    Deformation and Gravity Change, Volume III : Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism, and Climate Change (2012)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: analysis of GPS measurements ; elliptical model for deformation ; ground and space geodesy ; ice-mass change ; time-variable gravity fields
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is the third of a series highlighting this topic of major importance for recent developments in geodynamics. Temporal variation of deformation and gravity fields recorded by geodetic measuring techniques (either from ground surface or space) and reflecting isostatic, tectonic or volcanic processes in the earth's interior as well as hydrologic, oceanographic or climatic processes, have made a basic tool for research and monitoring. Part of the papers collected in this topical volume were presented at the 3rd Workshop on “Deformation and Gravity Change: Indicators of Isostasy, Tectonics, Volcanism and Climate Change” which took place at the Casa de los Volcanes on Lanzarote, Spain, during February 23-26, 2009. The book addresses researchers and graduate students in the Earth sciences, who are interested in surface and crustal processes, as well as geotechnical engineers.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (209 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034804608
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/169/8/
    Language: English
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    Tsunamis in the World Ocean: Past, Present and Future, Volume I (2011)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Natural Hazards
    Description / Table of Contents: The Tsunami from the 1960 Chilean earthquake affected the entire Pacific Ocean and motivated the international coordination on tsunami research and warning systems around the Pacific. However, the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami affected the entire world, and reminded that tsunamis are not a local or regional problem but a global issue. This volume contains 18 papers, mostly presented at the 24th International Tsunami Symposium held in 14-16 July 2009. They reflect the current state of tsunami science, including case studies of earthquake-generated tsunamis, tsunami forecasting and hazard assessments, and theoretical and computational modeling of tsunami generation, propagation and coastal behavior.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034801874
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/168/6/
    Language: English
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    Brittle Deformation of Solid and Granular Materials with Applications to Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faults (2012)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: brittle damage ; dynamics of earth materials ; earthquake fault zones ; granular mechanics ; nonlinear deformation
    Description / Table of Contents: Earthquake fault zones exhibit hierarchical damage and granular structures with evolving geometrical and material properties. Understanding how repeated brittle deformation form the structures and how the structures affect subsequent earthquakes is a rich problem involving coupling of various processes that operate over broad space and time scales. The diverse state-of-the-art papers collected here show how insight can come from many fields including statistical physics, structural geology and rock mechanics at large scales; elasticity, friction and nonlinear continuum mechanics at intermediate scales; and fracture mechanics, granular mechanics and surface physics at small scales. This volume will be useful to students and professional researchers from Earth Sciences, Material Sciences, Engineering, Physics and other disciplines, who are interested in the properties of natural fault zones and the processes that occur between and during earthquakes.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 302 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034802536
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/168/12/
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    High-Temperature and High Pressure Crystal Chemistry (2000)
    Washington, DC : Mineralogical Society of America
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The first half-century of X-ray crystallography, beginning with the elucidation of the sodium chloride structure in 1914, was devoted principally to the determination of increasingly complex atomic topologies at ambient conditions. The pioneering work of the Braggs, Pauling, Wyckoff, Zachariasen and many other investigators revealed the structural details and underlying crystal chemical principles for most rock-forming minerals (see, for example, Crystallography in North America, edited by D. McLachlan and J. P. Glusker, NY, American Crystallographic Association, 1983). These studies laid the crystallographic foundation for modem mineralogy. The past three decades have seen a dramatic expansion of this traditional crystallographic role to the study of the relatively subtle variations of crystal structure as a function of temperature, pressure, or composition. Special sessions on "High temperature crystal chemistry" were first held at the Spring Meeting of the American Geophysical Union (April 19, 1972) and the Ninth International Congress of Crystallography (August 30, 1972). The Mineralogical Society of America subsequently published a special 11-paper section of American Mineralogist entitled "High Temperature Crystal Chemistry," which appeared as Volume 58, Numbers 5 and 6, Part I in July-August, 1973. The first complete three-dimensional structure refinements of minerals at high pressure were completed in the same year on calcite (Merrill and Bassett, Acta Crystallographica B31, 343-349, 1975) and on gillespite (Hazen and Burnham, American Mineralogist 59, 1166-1176, 1974). Rapid advances in the field of non-ambient crystallography prompted Hazen and Finger to prepare the monograph Comparative Crystal Chemistry: Temperature, Pressure, Composition and the Variation of Crystal Structure (New York: Wiley, 1982). At the time, only about 50 publications documenting the three-dimensional variation of crystal structures at high temperature or pressure had been published, though general crystal chemical trends were beginning to emerge. That work, though increasingly out of date, remained in print until recently as the only comprehensive overview of experimental techniques, data analysis, and results for this crystallographic sub-discipline. This Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry volume was conceived as an updated version of Comparative Crystal Chemistry. A preliminary chapter outline was drafted at the Fall 1998 American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco by Ross Angel, Robert Downs, Larry Finger, Robert Hazen, Charles Prewitt and Nancy Ross. In a sense, this volume was seen as a "changing of the guard" in the study of crystal structures at high temperature and pressure. Larry Finger retired from the Geophysical Laboratory in July, 1999, at which time Robert Hazen had shifted his research focus to mineral-mediated organic synthesis. Many other scientists, including most of the authors in this volume, are now advancing the field by expanding the available range of temperature and pressure, increasing the precision and accuracy of structural refinements at non-ambient conditions, and studying ever more complex structures. The principal objective of this volume is to serve as a comprehensive introduction to the field of high-temperature and high-pressure crystal chemistry, both as a guide to the dramatically improved techniques and as a summary of the voluminous crystal chemical literature on minerals at high temperature and pressure. The book is largely tutorial in style and presentation, though a basic knowledge of X-ray crystallographic techniques and crystal chemical principles is assumed. The book is divided into three parts. Part I introduces crystal chemical considerations of special relevance to non-ambient crystallographic studies. Chapter 1 treats systematic trends in the variation of structural parameters, including bond distances, cation coordination, and order-disorder with temperature and pressure, while Chapter 2 considers P-V-T equation-of-state formulations relevant to x-ray structure data. Chapter 3 reviews the variation of thermal displacement parameters with temperature and pressure. Chapter 4 describes a method for producing revealing movies of structural variations with pressure, temperature or composition, and features a series of "flip-book" animations. These animations and other structural movies are also available as a supplement to this volume on the Mineralogical Society of America web site at (http://www.minsocam.orgIMSAlRimlRim41.html). Part II reviews the temperature- and pressure-variation of structures in major mineral groups. Chapter 5 presents crystal chemical systematics of high-pressure silicate structures with six-coordinated silicon. Subsequent chapters highlight temperature- and pressure variations of dense oxides (Chapter 6), orthosilicates (Chapter 7), pyroxenes and other chain silicates (Chapter 8), framework and other rigid-mode structures (Chapter 9), and carbonates (Chapter 10). Finally, the variation of hydrous phases and hydrogen bonding are reviewed in Chapter 11, while molecular solids are summarized in Chapter 12. Part III presents experimental techniques for high-temperature and high-pressure studies of single crystals (Chapters 13 and 14, respectively) and polycrystalline samples (Chapter 15). Special considerations relating to diffractometry on samples at non-ambient conditions are treated in Chapter 16. Tables in these chapters list sources for relevant hardware, including commercially available furnaces and diamond-anvil cells. Crystallographic software packages, including diffractometer operating systems, have been placed on the Mineralogical Society web site for this volume. This volume is not exhaustive and opportunities exist for additional publications that review and summarize research on other mineral groups. A significant literature on the high-temperature and high-pressure structural variation of sulfides, for example, is not covered here. Also missing from this compilation are references to a variety of studies of halides, layered oxide superconductors, metal alloys, and a number of unusual silicate structures.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 597 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780939950539
    URL: http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/41/1.toc
    Language: English
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    Stable Isotope Geochemistry (2001)
    Washington, DC : Mineralogical Society of America
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    Description / Table of Contents: This volume was prepared for Short Course on Stable Isotope Geochemistry presented November 2-4, 2001 in conjunction with the annual meetings of the Geological Society of America in Boston, Massachusetts. This volume follows the 1986 Reviews in Mineralogy (Vol. 16) in approach but reflects significant changes in the field of Stable Isotope Geochemistry. In terms of new technology, new sub-disciplines, and numbers of researchers, the field has changed more in the past decade than in any other since that of its birth. Unlike the 1986 volume, which was restricted to high temperature fields, this book covers a wider range of disciplines. However, it would not be possible to fit a comprehensive review into a single volume. Our goal is to provide state-ofthe-art reviews in chosen subjects that have emerged or advanced greatly since 1986. v The field of Stable Isotope Geochemistry was born of a good idea and nurtured by technology. In 1947, Harold Urey published his calculated values of reduced partition function for oxygen isotopes and his idea (a good one!) that the fractionation of oxygen isotopes between calcite and water might provide a means to estimate the temperatures of geologic events. Building on wartime advances in electronics, Alfred Nier then designed and built the dual-inlet, gassource mass-spectrometer capable of making measurements of sufficient precision and accuracy. This basic instrument and the associated extraction techniques, mostly from the 1950s, are still in use in many labs today. These techniques have become "conventional" in the sense of traditional, and they provide the benchmark against which the accuracy of other techniques is compared. The 1986 volume was based almost exclusively on natural data obtained solely from conventional techniques. Since then, revolutionary changes in sample size, accuracy, and cost have resulted from advances in continuous flow massspectrometry, laser heating, ion microprobes, and computer automation. The impact of new technology has differed by discipline. Some areas have benefited from vastly enlarged data sets, while others have capitalized on in situ analysis and/or micro- to nanogram size samples, and others have developed because formerly intractable samples can now be analyzed. Just as Stable Isotope Geochemistry is being reborn by new good ideas, it is still being nurtured by new technology. The organization of the chapters in this book follows the didactic approach of the 2001 short course in Boston. The first three chapters present the principles and data base for equilibrium isotope fractionation and for kinetic processes of exchange. Both inorganic and biological aspects are considered. The next chapter reviews isotope compositions throughout the solar system including massindependent fractionations that are increasingly being recognized on Earth. The fifth chapter covers the primitive compositions of the mantle and subtle variations found in basalts. This is followed by three chapters on metamorphism, isotope thermometry, fluid flow, and hydrothermal alteration. The next chapter considers water cycling in the atmosphere and the ice record. And finally, there are four chapters on the carbon cycle, the sulfur cycle, organic isotope geochemistry and extinctions in the geochemical record.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 662 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780939950553
    URL: http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/43/1.toc
    Language: English
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    Earthquake Research and Analysis : New Advances in Seismology (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: earthquake ; seismology ; geology ; geophysics
    Description / Table of Contents: The mitigation of earthquake-related hazards represents a key role in the modern society. The main goal of this book is to present 9 scientific papers focusing on new research and results on earthquake seismology. Chapters of this book focus on several aspect of seismology ranging from historical earthquake analysis, seismotectonics, and damage estimation of critical facilities.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (207 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535110545
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/earthquake-research-and-analysis-new-advances-in-seismology
    Language: English
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    Data Assimilation and its Applications (2012)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
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    Keywords: Bayesian and non-Bayesian techniques ; application to meteorology, ocean and air quality ; genetic algorithm ; multidimensional variational methods ; novel estimation methods for environmental variables
    Description / Table of Contents: Data assimilation is a novel, versatile methodology for estimating atmospheric and oceanic variables. The estimation of a quantity of interest via data assimilation involves the combination of observational data with the underlying dynamical principles governing the system under observation. This volume contains many original findings in data assimilation and its applications related to atmospheric, oceanic and environmental systems. This covers various data assimilation techniques with in Bayesian and non-Bayesian framework ranging from Least-Square, nudging, three dimensional variational (3DVAR), four-dimensional variational (4DVAR), Local Ensemble Kalman filter, Genetic algorithm etc. This also covers the applications to extreme weather event, hurricane, Asian summer monsoon, structure of the barrier layer in the equatorial Pacific ocean and identification of emission sources. This volume will be useful as a reading material in graduate level courses dealing with data assimilation and its application to meteorology, ocean and air quality. The scientific community at large especially younger scientists will find this book a useful addition to their personal and institutional libraries.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 286 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034804417
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/169/3/
    Language: English
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    Magnetic Methods and the Timing of Geological Processes (2013)
    London : The Geological Society
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    Description / Table of Contents: Magnetostratigraphy is best known as a technique that employs correlation among different stratigraphic sections using the magnetic directions defining geomagnetic polarity reversals as marker horizons. The ages of the polarity reversals provide common tie points among the sections, allowing accurate time correlation. Recently, studies of magnetic methods and the timing of geological processes have acquired a broader meaning, now referring to many types of magnetic measurements within a stratigraphic sequence. Many of these measurements provide correlation and age control not only for the older and younger boundaries of a polarity interval, but also within intervals. Thus, magnetostratigraphy no longer represents a dating tool based only on geomagnetic polarity reversals, but comprises a set of techniques that includes measurements of geomagnetic field parameters, environmental magnetism, rock-magnetic properties, radiometric dating and astronomically forced palaeoclimatic change recorded in sedimentary rocks, and key corrections to magnetic directions related to geodynamics, palaeocurrents, tectonics and diagenetic processes.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 402 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393547
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/373/1.toc
    Language: English
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    Remagnetization and Chemical Alteration of Sedimentary Rocks (2012)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Remagnetization is a common phenomenon in rocks, and developing a greater understanding of its mechanisms has several benefits. Acquisition of a secondary magnetization is usually tangible evidence of a diagenetic or thermal event, which can be dated using palaeomagnetic techniques. This is important because the timing of diagenetic and thermal events is commonly difficult to determine. Remagnetization can also obscure primary magnetizations and a better understanding of remagnetization could improve our ability to uncover primary magnetizations. Many chemical remagnetization mechanisms have been proposed, including those associated with chemical alteration by a number of different fluids (e.g. orogenic, weathering, mineralizing, hydrocarbons) and burial diagenetic processes (e.g. clay diagenesis, maturation of organic matter). This book contains case studies and review articles that focus on remagnetization, chemical remagnetization mechanisms, and magnetic changes associated with chemical alteration by hydrocarbons.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393516
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/371/1.toc
    Language: English
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    The Crystal Chemistry of Sulfate Minerals (2000)
    Washington, DC : Mineralogical Society of America
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: PREFACE Sulfate is an abundant and ubiquitous component of Earth’s lithosphere and hydrosphere. Sulfate minerals represent an important component of our mineral economy, the pollution problems in our air and water, the technology for alleviating pollution, and the natural processes that affect the land we utilize. Vast quantities of gypsum are consumed in the manufacture of wallboard, and calcium sulfates are also used in sculpture in the forms of alabaster (gypsum) and papier-mâché (bassanite). For centuries, Al-sulfate minerals, or “alums,” have been used in the tanning and dyeing industries, and these sulfate minerals have also been a minor source of aluminum metal. Barite is used extensively in the petroleum industry as a weighting agent during drilling, and celestine (also known as “celestite”) is a primary source of strontium for the ceramics, metallurgical, glass, and television face-plate industries. Jarosite is a major waste product of the hydrometallurgical processing of zinc ores and is used in agriculture to reduce alkalinity in soils. At many mining sites, the extraction and processing of coal or metal-sulfide ores (largely for gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc) produce waste materials that generate acid-sulfate waters rich in heavy metals, commonly leading to contamination of water and sediment. Concentrated waters associated with mine wastes may precipitate a variety of metal-sulfate minerals upon evaporation, oxidation, or neutralization. Some of these sulfate minerals are soluble and store metals and acidity only temporarily, whereas others are insoluble and improve water quality by removing metals from the water column. There is considerable scientific interest in the mineralogy and geochemistry of sulfate minerals in both high-temperature (igneous and hydrothermal) and low-temperature (weathering and evaporite) environments. The physical scale of processes affected by aqueous sulfate and associated minerals spans from submicroscopic reactions at mineral-water interfaces to global issues of oceanic cycling and mass balance, and even to extraterrestrial applications in the exploration of other planets and their satellites. In mineral exploration, minerals of the alunite-jarosite supergroup are recognized as key components of the advanced argillic (acid-sulfate) hydrothermal alteration assemblage, and supergene sulfate minerals can be useful guides to primary sulfide deposits. The role of soluble sulfate minerals formed from acid mine drainage (and its natural equivalent, acid rock drainage) in the storage and release of potentially toxic metals associated with wet-dry climatic cycles (on annual or other time scales) is increasingly appreciated in environmental studies of mineral deposits and of waste materials from mining and mineral processing. This volume compiles and synthesizes current information on sulfate minerals from a variety of perspectives, including crystallography, geochemical properties, geological environments of formation, thermodynamic stability relations, kinetics of formation and dissolution, and environmental aspects. The first two chapters cover crystallography (Chapter 1) and spectroscopy (Chapter 2). Environments with alkali and alkaline earth sulfates are described in the next three chapters, on evaporites (Chapter 3). barite-celestine deposits (Chapter 4), and the kinetics of precipitation and dissolution of gypsum, barite, and celestine (Chapter 5). Acidic environments are the theme for the next four chapters, which cover soluble metal salts from sulfide oxidation (Chapter 6), iron and aluminum hydroxysulfates (Chapter 7), jarosites in hydrometallugy (Chapter 8), and alunite-jarosite crystallography, thermodynamics, and geochronology (Chapter 9). The next two chapters discuss thermodynamic modeling of sulfate systems from the perspectives of predicting sulfate-mineral solubilities in waters covering a wide range in composition and concentration (Chapter 10) and predicting interactions between sulfate solid solutions and aqueous solutions (Chapter 11). The concluding chapter on stable-isotope systematics (Chapter 12) discusses the utility of sulfate minerals in understanding the geological and geochemical processes in both high-and low-temperature environments, and in unraveling the past evolution of natural systems through paleoclimate studies. We thank the authors for their comprehensive and timely efforts, and for their cooperation with our various requests regarding consistency of format and nomenclature. Special thanks are due to the numerous scientists who provided peer reviews, which substantially improved the content of the chapters. This volume would not have been possible without the usual magic touch and extreme patience of Paul H. Ribbe, Series Editor for Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry. Finally, we thank our families for their support and understanding during the past several months.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 608 Seiten)
    ISBN: 0939950529
    URL: http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/40/1.toc
    Language: English
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    Molecular Modeling Theory: Applications in the Geosciences (2001)
    Washington, DC : Mineralogical Society of America
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The review chapters in this volume were the basis for a short course on molecular modeling theory jointly sponsored by the Geochemical Society (GS) and the Mineralogical Society of America (MSA) May 18-20, 2001 in Roanoke, Virginia which was held prior to the 2001 Goldschmidt Conference in nearby Hot Springs, Virginia. Dr. William C. Luth has had a long and distinguished career in research, education and in the government. He was a leader in experimental petrology and in training graduate students at Stanford University. His efforts at Sandia National Laboratory and at the Department of Energy's headquarters resulted in the initiation and long-term support of many of the cutting edge research projects whose results form the foundations of these short courses. Bill's broad interest in understanding fundamental geochemical processes and their applications to national problems is a continuous thread through both his university and government career. He retired in 1996, but his efforts to foster excellent basic research, and to promote the development of advanced analytical capabilities gave a unique focus to the basic research portfolio in Geosciences at the Department of Energy. He has been, and continues to be, a friend and mentor to many of us. It is appropriate to celebrate his career in education and government service with this series of courses in cutting-edge geochemistry that have particular focus on Department of Energy-related science, at a time when he can still enjoy the recognition of his contributions. Molecular modeling methods have become important tools in many areas of geochemical and mineralogical research. Theoretical methods describing atomistic and molecular-based processes are now commonplace in the geosciences literature and have helped in the interpretation of numerous experimental, spectroscopic, and field observations. Dramatic increases in computer power-involving personal computers, workstations, and massively parallel supercomputers-have helped to increase our knowledge of the fundamental processes in geochemistry and mineralogy. All researchers can now have access to the basic computer hardware and molecular modeling codes needed to evaluate these processes. The purpose of this volume of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry is to provide the student and professional with a general introduction to molecular modeling methods and a review of various applications of the theory to problems in the geosciences. Molecular mechanics methods that are reviewed include energy minimization, lattice dynamics, Monte Carlo methods, and molecular dynamics. Important concepts of quantum mechanics and electronic structure calculations, including both molecular orbital and density functional theories, are also presented. Applications cover a broad range of mineralogy and geochemistry topics-from atmospheric reactions to fluid-rock interactions to properties of mantle and core phases. Emphasis is placed on the comparison of molecular simulations with experimental data and the synergy that can be generated by using both approaches in tandem. We hope the content of this review volume will help the interested reader to quickly develop an appreciation for the fundamental theories behind the molecular modeling tools and to become aware of the limits in applying these state-of-the-art methods to solve geosciences problems.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 531 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9780939950546
    URL: http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/42/1.toc
    Language: English
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    Effective and Sustainable Hydraulic Fracturing (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; geology and geophysics ; fracturing
    Description / Table of Contents: This book comprises the proceedings for the International Conference for Effective and Sustainable Hydraulic Fracturing (HF2013) which was held 20-22 May 2013 in Brisbane, Australia. The conference goal was to advance hydraulic fracturing technology that is effective in its purpose and sustainable in its impacts on communities and environments by bringing together hydraulic fracturing experts not only from the petroleum industry, but also from other application areas of hydraulic fracturing such as mining and geothermal energy production. Topics include hydraulic fracturing of naturally fractured formations, well completions and fracture initiation, induced seismicity, experimental investigations, and coupled modelling. Beyond this mix of traditional hydraulic fracturing research topics, this book includes papers on applications in mining and also on regulations, risk, and communities.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1000 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111375
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/effective-and-sustainable-hydraulic-fracturing
    Language: English
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    Palaeozoic Climate Cycles: Their Evolutionary and Sedimentological Impact (2013)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume presents results of a variety of case studies documenting the Late Palaeozoic climate changes and cyclicity of deposition. The collected papers cover many aspects related to palaeoenvironmental analysis with sedimentological, stratigraphic, palaeobiological, geochemical, and palaeomagnetic studies of the fossil record around the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age and soon after. They span a stratigraphic interval from Carboniferous to Permian–Triassic transition around the world. This book comprising results for a range of disciplines, is a valuable source for not only researchers who are actively working on specific aspects of the Late Palaeozoic and looking for an up-to-date reference on this inhospitable time in the Earth's history. It is also of interest to climate modellers and the wider scientific community with an interest in the latest research on the decline of the Palaeozoic World.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 586 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393578
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/382/1.toc
    Language: English
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    Remote Sensing of Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes: Integrating Observation and Modelling (2013)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Volcanoes have played a profound role in shaping our planet, and volcanic activity is a major hazard locally, regionally and globally. Many volcanoes are, however, poorly accessible and sparsely monitored. Consequently, remote sensing is playing an increasingly important role in tracking volcano behaviour, while synoptic remote sensing techniques have begun to make major contributions to volcanological science. Volcanology is driven in part by the operational concerns of volcano monitoring and hazard management, but the goal of volcanological science is to understand the processes that underlie volcanic activity. This volume shows how we may reach a deeper understanding by integrating remote sensing measurements with modelling approaches and, if available, ground-based observations. It includes reviews and papers that report technical advances and document key case studies. They span a range of remote sensing applications to volcanoes, from volcano deformation, thermal anomalies and gas fluxes, to the tracking of eruptive ash and gas plumes. The result is a state-of-the-art overview of the ever-growing importance of remote sensing to volcanology.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (362 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393622
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/380/1.toc
    Language: English
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    A History of Geology and Medicine (2013)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Keywords: Geologie ; Geomedizin ; Geschichte ; Gesundheitswesen ; Heilkunde ; Lithotherapie ; Medizin ; Naturheilkunde ; Therapie ; Umweltfaktor ; Umweltmedizin ; Balneology ; Earths, Medical and surgical uses of ; Environmentally induced diseases ; History ; Hydrotherapy ; Materia medica ; Medical geology ; Medicine ; Rocks ; Therapeutic use
    Description / Table of Contents: Geology as medicine and medics as geologists / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 1-6, 23 August 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.29 --- Lithotherapeutical research sources from antiquity to the mid-eighteenth century / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 7-43, 4 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.25 --- Cryptopalaeontology / Eladio Liñán, María Liñán and Joaquín Carrasco / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 45-64, 10 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.14 --- The stomatological use of stones cited in the Kitab al-tasrif treatise (Abulcasis, 1000 CE) / Joaquín Carrasco and María Liñán / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 65-80, 11 December 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.7 --- The gem electuary / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 81-111, 17 December 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.9 --- Medicinal terra sigillata: a historical, geographical and typological review / Arthur Macgregor / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 113-136, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.1 --- Materia medica in the seventeenth-century Paper Museum of Cassiano dal Pozzo / W. D. Ian Rolfe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 137-156, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.3 --- History of the pharmaceutical use of pumice / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 157-169, 17 December 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.8 --- Pharmaceutical use of gold from antiquity to the seventeenth century / Renzo Console / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 171-191, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.12 --- Bezoar stones, magic, science and art / Maria Do Sameiro Barroso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 193-207, 26 February 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.11 --- Some early eighteenth century geological Materia Medica / Christopher J. Duffin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 209-233, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.13 --- Religiosity and magic in some lithoiatric practices of European folk medicine / Massimo Aliverti / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 235-242, 23 August 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.27 --- Britain’s spa heritage: a hydrogeological appraisal / John D. Mather / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 243-260, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.16 --- Groundwater – Medicine by the Glassful? / N. S. Robins and P. L. Smedley / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 261-267, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.17 --- Sunday Stone: an enduring metaphor of mining diseases and underground mining conditions / John H. Pearn and Christopher Gardner-Thorpe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 269-278, 11 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.22 --- The influence of geology in the development of public health / Beverly P. Bergman / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 279-287, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.6 --- From flesh to fossils – Nicolaus Steno’s anatomy of the Earth / Jakob Bek-Thomsen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 289-305, 2 April 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.15 --- Diagnosing fossilization in the Nordic Renaissance: an investigation into the correspondence of Ole Worm (1588–1654) / Ella Hoch / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 307-327, 17 September 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.26 --- Education forms the tender mind / Christopher Gardner-Thorpe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 329-337, 23 August 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.28 --- James Parkinson’s ‘system of successive creations’ / Cherry Lewis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 339-348, 15 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.18 --- From obstetrics to oryctology: inside the mind of William Hunter (1718–1783) / J. J. Liston / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 349-373, 15 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.21 --- John Jeremiah Bigsby, MD: British Army physician and pioneer North American geologist / Leonard G. Wilson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 375-394, 15 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.20 --- Five eighteenth-century medical polymaths / Gillian C. Hull / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 395-407, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.5 --- John Whitaker Hulke, surgeon and palaeontologist / Simon Wills / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 409-427, 22 February 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.10 --- Dr Arthur Conan Doyle’s contribution to the popularity of pterodactyls / David M. Martill and Tony Pointon / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 429-443, 15 May 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.19 --- Physicians and their contribution to the early history of earth sciences in Austria / Daniela Claudia Angetter, Bernhard Hubmann and Johannes Seidl / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 445-454, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.4 --- Medical geologists during the Heroic Age of Antarctic exploration / Henry Guly / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 455-462, 15 November 2012, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.2 --- Vomiting stones: mental illness and forensic medicine in 18th century Italy / Alessandro Porro, Carlo Cristini, Bruno Falconi, Antonia Francesca Franchini and Lorenzo Lorusso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 463-468, 4 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.23 --- Geology, conservation and dissolution of corpses by Paolo Gorini (1813–1881) / Lorenzo Lorusso, Bruno Falconi, Francesca Antonia Franchini and Alessandro Porro / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 375, 469-474, 9 July 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP375.24
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 490 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9781862396432
    URL: https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/375/1
    Language: English
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    Satellite Technologies in Geoinformation Science (2015)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: airbone and satellite technologies ; geoinformation methods ; object-based image analysis ; remote sensing or observational platforms ; spatial interpolation and modelling ; statistical and geostatistical inference
    Description / Table of Contents: This topical volume covers a wide range of multidisciplinary topics, the common theme of which is processing of remotely-acquired spatial data using geo information methods. Satellite or airborne technologies and geo information itself provide powerful tools for solving numerous scientific problems in the geosciences, as they utilize geophysical principles and offer geophysicists new data and methods. Accordingly, this topical volume focuses on six key topics, presenting research applications of satellite or airborne technologies in geodynamics, geomorphology, meteorology and climatology, hydrology and limnology, oceanography and cartography. These applications make use of numerous remote sensing or observational platforms, including: Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS), Rapid Eye, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), Landsat-7, Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR), Doppler Orbitography and Radio positioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS), as well as several altimetric and gravimetric satellite missions. The remotely-sensed data are processed using various geo information techniques, e.g. spatial interpolation and modeling, object-based image analysis, statistical and geo statistical inference and visualization. The volume addresses the interests of scientists and practitioners whose work is related to processing remote sensing data using geoinformation methods. Postgraduate students of geography, geodesy, cartography and geophysics – as well as students of the broader geosciences – will also find the book to be a valuable resource, as it brings together numerous satellite and airborne technologies with geospatial processing methods, presents case studies and examines most applications in the context of basic geophysical principles.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (309 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034808491
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/171/6/
    Language: English
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    Fractals and Chaos in the Earth Sciences (1993)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: fractals ; chaos ; geophysics ; geology
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 180 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034863896
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/138/4/
    Language: English
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    Experimental Techniques in Mineral and Rock Physics : The Schreiber Volume (1994)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: minerals ; rock physics ; sediments ; rock lithology
    Description / Table of Contents: Knowledge of the relation between sonic velocity in sediments and rock lithology is one of the keys to interpreting data from seismic sections or from acoustic logs of sedimentary sequences. Reliable correlations of rock velocity with other petrophysical parameters, such as porosity or density, are essential for calculating impedance models for synthetic seismic sections (BIDDLE et al. , 1992; CAMPBELL and STAFLEU, 1992) or identifying the origin of reflectivity on seismic lines (SELLAMI et al. , 1990; CHRISTENSEN and SZYMANSKI, 1991). Velocity is thus an important parameter for correlating lithological with geophysical data. Recent studies have increased our understanding of elastic rock properties in siliciclastic or shaly sediments. The causes for variations in velocity have been investigated for siliciclastic rocks (VERNIK and NUR, 1992), mixed carbonate siliciclastic sediments (CHRISTENSEN and SZYMANSKI, 1991), synthetic sand-clay mixtures (MARION et aI. , 1992) or claystones (JAPSEN, 1993). The concepts derived from these studies are however only partly applicable in pure carbonates. Carbon­ ates do not have large compositional variations that are, as is the case in the other sedimentary rocks, responsible for velocity contrasts. Pure carbonates are character­ ized by the lack of any clay or siliciclastic content, but are mostly produced and deposited on the top or on the slope of isolated or detached carbonate platforms, that have no hinterland as a source of terrigeneous material (WILSON, 1975; EBERLI, 1991).
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 447 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034851084
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/141/2/
    Language: English
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    Earthquake Hazard Evaluation (2013)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: earthquake generation process ; earthquake source physics ; earthquake statistics for forecasting ; hazard caused large earthquakes and tsunamis ; numerical simulation studies ; propagation of seismic waves and tsunamis
    Description / Table of Contents: This book presents a series of numerical simulation studies of the earthquake generation process and the evaluation of the hazards caused by large earthquakes and tsunamis, drawn from three distinct topical areas. First, recent research results on earthquake source physics are introduced, which can be used as input for hazard evaluation studies. Then, propagation of seismic waves and tsunamis is discussed, connecting what happens at the source with the resulting damage. Finally, earthquake statistics for forecasting are discussed, a practical application of our knowledge for the mitigation of earthquake and tsunami disasters. This book is suitable for graduate students who are interested in the earthquake generation process and its application in the future. It also will serve researchers who want or need to know how to evaluate the damage due to earthquakes and tsunamis.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 246 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034805872
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/170/1/
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    Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident (2013)
    Tokyo : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Food ; Biotechnology ; Agriculture ; Animal ecology ; Plant ecology ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Environment ; Environmental Monitoring/Analysis ; Agriculture ; Food Science ; Plant Ecology ; Animal Ecology ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The overview of our research (Tomoko M. Nakanishi) --- 2. Behavior of radiocesium adsorbed by the leaves and stems of wheat plant during the first year after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident (K. Tanoi) --- 3. Radiocesium Absorption by Rice in Paddy Field Ecosystems (K. Nemoto and J. Abe) --- 4. Cesium uptake in rice: possible transporter, distribution and variation (T. Fujiwara) --- 5. Time-course Analysis of Radiocesium Uptake and Translocation in Rice by Radioisotope Imaging (N. I. Kobayashi) --- 6. Vertical migration of Radiocesium fallout in soil in Fukushima (S. Shiozawa) --- 7. Radioactive Nuclides in Vegetables and Soil Resulting from Low-Level Radioactive Fallout after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: Case Studies in Tokyo and Fukushima (S. Oshita) --- 8. Radioactivity in agricultural products in Fukushima (N. Nihei) --- 9. Changes in the transfer of fallout radiocesium from pasture harvested in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, to cow milk two months after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident (N. Manabe, T. Takahashi, J.-Y. Li, K. Tanoi, and T. M. Nakanishi) --- 10. Radiocesium contamination of marine fish muscle and its effective elimination (S. Watabe, H. Ushio, D. Ikeda) --- 11. Excretion of cesium through potassium transport pathway in the gills of a marine teleosts (T. Kaneko, F. Furukawa and S. Watanabe) --- 12. Contamination of wild animals: Effects on wildlife on high radioactivity areas of the agricultural and forest landscape (K. Ishida) --- 13. Remediation of paddy soil contaminated by radiocesium in Iitate Village in Fukushima Prefecture (M. Mizoguchi) --- 14. Distribution of radiocesium from the radioactive fallout in fruit trees (D. Takata) --- 15. Mushrooms¬: Radioactive Contamination of Widespread Mushrooms in Japan (T. Yamada) --- 16. Diffusion and transportation dynamics of 137Cs deposited on the forested area in Fukushima after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in March 2011 (N. Ohte, M. Murakami, T. Suzuki, K. Iseda, K. Tanoi, and N. Ishii) --- 17. Developing an information package of radiation risk in beef after Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident (H. Hosono)
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 204 pages) , 96 illustrations, 69 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9784431543282
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-4-431-54328-2
    Language: English
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    The Use of Palaeomagnetism and Rock Magnetism to Understand Volcanic Processes (2015)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume provides a synopsis of current research on volcanic processes, as gained through the use of palaeomagnetic and rock magnetic techniques. Thermoremanent magnetization information provides a powerful means of deciphering thermal processes in volcanic deposits, including estimating the emplacement temperature of pyroclastic deposits, which allows us to understand better the rates of cooling during eruption and transport. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy of remanence are used primarily to investigate rock fabrics and to quantify flow dynamics in dykes, lava flows, and pyroclastic deposits, as well as identify vent locations. Rock-magnetic characteristics allow correlation of volcanic deposits, but also provide means to date volcanic deposits and to understand better their cooling history. Because lava flows are typically good recorders of past magnetic fields, data from them allow understanding of changes in geomagnetic field directions and intensity, providing clues on the origin of Earth's magnetic field.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (281 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862396296
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/396/1.toc
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    Sustainable Land Use and Rural Development in Southeast Asia: Innovations and Policies for Mountainous Areas : Innovations and Policies for Mountainous Areas (2013)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Regional planning ; Urban planning ; Agriculture ; Sustainable development ; Environment ; Sustainable Development ; Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning ; Agriculture
    Description / Table of Contents: From Challenges to Sustainable Solutions for Upland Agriculture in Southeast Asia --- Beyond the Horizons - Challenges and Prospects for Soil Science and Soil Care in Southeast Asia --- Water and Matter Flows in Mountainous Watersheds of Southeast Asia: Processes and Implications for Management --- Agricultural Pesticide Use in Mountainous Areas of Thailand and Vietnam: Towards Reducing Exposure and Rationalizing Use --- Linkages between Agriculture, Poverty and Natural Resource Use in Mountainous Regions of Southeast Asia --- Mango and Longan Production in Northern Thailand: the Role of Water Saving Irrigation and Water Stress Monitoring --- Soil Conservation on Sloping Land: Technical Options and Adoption Constraints --- Improved Sustainable Aquaculture Systems for Small-scale Farmers in Northern Vietnam --- Participatory Approaches to Research and Development in the Southeast Asian Uplands: Potential and Challenges --- Integrated Modeling of Agricultural Systems in Mountainous Areas --- Rethinking Knowledge Provision for the Marginalized: Rural Networks and Novel Extension Approaches in Vietnam --- Policies for Sustainable Development: The Commercialization of Smallholder Agriculture
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 490 pages)
    ISBN: 9783642333774
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-642-33377-4
    Language: English
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    Marine Tephrochronology (2014)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: This Special Publication includes articles presenting recent advances in marine tephrochronological studies and outlines innovative techniques in geochemical fingerprinting, stratigraphy and the understanding of depositional processes. It represents a significant resource for the palaeoceanographic community at a time when marine tephrochronology is being more widely recognized. It will also serve as a valuable reference to a much wider community of Earth scientists, climate scientists and archaeologists, particularly in highlighting the role of tephra studies in stratigraphy and regional/extra-regional correlations, as well as in tracing the long-term history of regional and global volcanism in the deep-sea archive.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 213 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862396418
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/398/1
    Language: English
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    Mechanism of Sedimentary Basin Formation : Multidisciplinary Approach on Active Plate Margins (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: sedimentary basin formation ; earth and planetary sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is devoted to the mechanisms of sedimentary basin formation on active plate margins, which show enormous diversity reflecting complex tectonic processes. Multidisciplinary approach pursuing basin-forming mechanism is based on geology, sedimentology, geochronology and geophysics. Some chapters are dedicated to the genetic analysis of sedimentary basins in wrench deformation zones in forearc and intra-arc regions. Another block of chapters deals with basin formation in peripheral regions of Eurasia and intra-arc / foreland basins under the influence of the fluctuation of stress regimes. Finally geophysical approaches to basin analyses are shown in some chapters from microscopic to regional scales. Diverse contents of the chapters provide the audience with the present accomplishments of basin researches on active margins by Earth scientists.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111931
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/mechanism-of-sedimentary-basin-formation-multidisciplinary-approach-on-active-plate-margins
    Language: English
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    Historical GIS Research in Canada (2014)
    Calgary : University of Calgary Press
    Details
    Keywords: GIS ; Canada
    Description / Table of Contents: Fundamentally concerned with place and our ability to understand human relationships with environment over time, Historical Geographic Information Systems (HGIS) as a tool and a subject has direct bearing on the study of contemporary social and environmental issues and realities. To date, HGIS projects in Canada are few and publications that discuss these projects directly even fewer. This book brings together case studies of HGIS projects in historical geography, social and cultural history, and environmental history from Canada’s diverse regions. Topics explored include religion and ethnicity, migration, indigenous land practices, rebuilding a nineteenth-century neighborhood, and working with Google Earth.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 322 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781552387566
    URL: http://www.doabooks.org/doab?func=search&query=rid:15680
    Language: English
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    Topics in Oceanography (2013)
    Rijeka : InTech
    Details
    Keywords: earth and planetary sciences ; oceanography and atmospheric sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Oceanography is the par excellence interdisciplinary science thanks to its peculiar setting within a fluid environment that makes connections extremely efficient. The oceans connections are well mirrored in the chapters of this book that share a quite explicit multidisciplinary and multi-environmental character. The book provides chapters on very different topics under very different settings, some with a focused angle, others with a broader approach, yet all sharing the idea that we need to understand the small pieces in order to put together the big picture for a much larger mechanism, the functioning of the ocean as a whole.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (155 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535111795
    URL: http://www.intechopen.com/books/topics-in-oceanography
    Language: English
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    Tectonic Evolution of the Oman Mountains (2014)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The Oman Mountains contain one of the world's best- exposed and best-understood fold–thrust belts and the largest, best-exposed and most intensively studied ophiolite complex on Earth. This volume presents new international research from authors currently active in the field focusing on the geology of the Oman Mountains, the foreland region, the carbonate platforms of Northern and Central Oman and the underlying basement complex. In addition there is a particular focus on geoconservation in the region. The volume is divided into three main sections that discuss the tectonics of the Arabian plate using insights from geophysics, petrology, structural geology, geochronology and palaeontology; the petrology and geochemistry of the Oman Ophiolite and the sedimentary and hydrocarbon systems of Oman, drawing on the geophysics, structure and sedimentology of these systems. The volume is enhanced by numerous colour images provided courtesy of Petroleum Development Oman.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 471 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862393783
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/392/1.toc
    Language: English
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    Gold-Transporting Hydrothermal Fluids in the Earth's Crust (2014)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrothermal ore deposits that are exploited for gold include both gold-only deposits, such as orogenic deposits, and gold-bearing examples of the common hydrothermal deposits types that are formed around upper-crustal magmatic centres, in particular porphyry and epithermal deposits. Fluid-inclusion data have shown that ore fluids of gold-only deposits are compositionally distinct compared to fluids of other deposit types. This Special Publication includes an up-to-date summary of thermodynamic parameters of aqueous Au species at high temperatures and pressures; a dataset of fluid inclusion properties and compositions from orogenic deposits of different parts of the world; several comprehensive case studies of different types of gold deposits and their fluids from USA, Brazil, Egypt, Slovakia and Bulgaria; and numerical modelling aimed to define key parameters that affect fluid flow and gold deposition at a range of scales.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (263 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862396579
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/402/1
    Language: English
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    Ionospheric Modeling (1988)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: ionosphere
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 377 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034865326
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/127/2/
    Language: English
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    Scattering and Attenuations of Seismic Waves, Part II (1989)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: seismic waves ; seismology
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 191 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034863636
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/131/4/
    Language: English
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    Shallow Subduction Zones: Seismicity, Mechanics and Seismic Potential, Part I (1993)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: ing within the downgoing plate, and appears to be assoeiated with segmentation of the subdueting plate produeed by forees related to the subduetion of the Louisville Ridge. To analyze fault plane heterogeneities in the northern Solomon Islands subdue­ tion segment and their association with rupture eharaeteristics in general and the existenee of earthquake doublets in partieular, Xv and SCHWARTZ study in detail two sets of doublets, from 1974 and 1975, and then reloeate 85 underthrusting events in the area. The authors find that few smaller magnitude events overlap asperity regions, and that the majority of small magnitude underthrusting earth­ quak es oeeupy a segment that has never experieneed a magnitude greater than 7.0 earthquake in the historie times. It will be of great value to soeiety when seismologists and geophysieists are able to monitor and prediet the pattern of geophysieal phenomena assoeiated with subduetion; this issue presents a modest step towards this goal. PAGEOPH, Vol. 140, No. 2 (1993) 0033 ~4553;93;020 183 ~ 28$1.50 + 0.20;0 © 1993 Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel Slip Partitioning along Major Convergent Plate Boundaries 2 GUANG YU,l STEVEN G. WESNOUSKY,l and GÖRAN EKSTRÖM Abstract-Along plate boundaries characterized by oblique convergence, earthquake slip vectors are commonly rotated toward the normal of the trench with respect to predicted plate motion vectors. Consequently, relative plate motion along such convergent margins must be partitioned between displacements along the thrust plate interface and deformation within the foreare and back-are regions.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 224 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034858465
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/140/2/
    Language: English
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    Historical and Recent Catastrophic Tsunamis in the World, Volume II : Tsunamis from 1755 to 2010 (2014)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Keywords: Tsunami DART observations ; Tsunami early warning ; Tsunami risk management ; probabilistic tsunami hazard study
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2010 tsunamis generated in Haiti, Chile, and Indonesia caused various damage on the coasts. In the past, the 1755 Lisbon, 1964 Alaska, and 2003 Algeria earthquakes also generated damaging tsunamis. This volume contains an introduction and 18 papers, mostly presented at the 25th International Tsunami Symposium held 1-4 July 2011. They report the above tsunamis and discuss tsunami DART observations, warning systems, risk management in the Pacific, modelling of earthquake and landslide tsunamis, and probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 311 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034807029
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/170/9/
    Language: English
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    Deep Earth Electrical Conductivity (1990)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Pages: Online-Ressource (90 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034874359
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/134/4/
    Language: English
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    Shallow Subduction Zones: Seismicity, Mechanics and Seismic Potential, Part II (1994)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The 1957 great Aleutian earthquake.- The rupture process and tectonic implications of the great 1964 Prince William Sound earthquake.- Coseismic slip in the 1964 Prince William Sound earthquake A new geodetic inversion.- Seismicity trends and potential for large earthquakes in the Alaska-Aleutian region.- Rupture process of large earthquakes in the northern Mexico subduction zone.- Global variability in subduction thrust zone-forearc systems.- Large thrust earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 237 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034858465
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/142/1/
    Language: English
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    Tsunamis: 1992–1994 : Their Generation, Dynamics, and Hazard (1995)
    Basel, Boston, Berlin : Birkhäuser
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The 1993 Southwest Hokkaido Earthquake of Magnitude 7. 9 (July 12, 22: 17 JST) caused serious tsunami disasters in the southwestern part of Hokkaido, particularly on Okushiri Island (a tiny island off the southwest coast of Hokkaido with a population of about 4,500 at the time of earthquake). Of 230 casualties, including 28 missing, about 200 deaths are attributable to the tsunami. We have conducted detailed field surveys of tsunami disasters to learn lessons from this costly natural experiment for the future prevention of similar tsunami disasters. Our field work was conducted in four surveys totaling 39 days. During the first field survey (July 16 through July 21, 1994), we worked mostly on the estimation of the subsidence of Okushiri Island during the earthquake. Hence, our main work on tsunami disasters initiated from the second field survey (July 31 through Aug. 15, 1994). Several groups have conducted detailed surveys of the distribution of tsunami runup height as measured from the level of sea water (TsUJI et al. , 1 994a, b; MATSUTOMI and SHUTO, 1994; GOTO et al. , 1994). Such a precise runup height distribution is essential for characterizing tsunami, including its overall size. Indeed, the height distribution is the fundamental data for inferring earthquake source parameters through the simulation of tsunami generation (TAKAHASHI et al. , 1994; IMAMURA et al. , 1994; TSUJI et al. , 1994a; SATAKE and TANIOKA 1994; ABE, 1994; TANIOKA et al. , in review).
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 517 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9783034872799
    URL: http://link.springer.com/journal/24/144/3/
    Language: English
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    Integrated Environmental Modelling to Solve Real World Problems: Methods, Vision and Challenges (2017)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: The discipline of Integrated Environmental Modelling (IEM) has developed in order to solve complex environmental problems, for example understanding the impacts of climate change on the physical environment. IEM provides methods to fuse or link models together, this in turn requires facilities to make models discoverable and also to make the outputs of modelling easily visualized. The vision and challenges for IEM going forward are summarized by leading proponents. Several case studies describe the application of model fusion to a range of real-world problems including integrating groundwater and recharge models within the UK Environment Agency, and the development of ‘catastrophe’ models to predict better the impact of natural hazards. Communicating modelling results to end users who are often not specialist modellers is also an emerging area of research addressed within the volume. Also included are papers that highlight current developments of the technology platforms underpinning model fusion.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 274 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862396876
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/408/1
    Language: English
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    Ester Boserup’s Legacy on Sustainability : Orientations for Contemporary Research (2014)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Agriculture ; Ecosystems ; Sustainable development ; Sociology ; Human geography ; Sex (Psychology) ; Gender expression ; Gender identity ; Environment ; Sustainable Development ; Agriculture ; Gender Studies ; Ecosystems ; Human Geography
    Description / Table of Contents: PART I: Ester Boserup’s Intellectual Heritage --- 1. Ester Boserup: An Interdisciplinary Visionary Relevant for Sustainability --- 2. “Finding Out Is My Life”: Conversations with Ester Boserup in the 1990s --- 3. Boserup’s Theory on Technological Change as a Point of Departure for the Theory of Sociometabolic Regime Transition --- PART II Land Use, Technology and Agriculture --- 4. The Dwindling Role of Population Pressure in Land Use Change – a Case from the South West Pacific --- 5. Conceptual and Empirical Approaches to Mapping and Quantifying Land-Use Intensity --- 6. Malthusian Assumptions, Boserupian Response in Transition to Agriculture Models --- 7. Reconciling Boserup with Malthus: Agrarian Change and Soil Degradation in Olive Orchards in Spain (1750-2000) --- 8. Beyond Boserup: The Role of Working Time in Agricultural Development --- PART III: Population and Gender --- 9. Following Boserup’s Traces: From Invisibility to Informalisation of Women’s Economy to Engendering Development in Translocal Spaces --- 10. Daughters of the Hills: Gendered Agricultural Production, Modernisation, and Declining Child Sex Ratios in the Indian Central Himalayas --- 11. Revisiting Boserup’s Hypotheses in the Context of Africa --- 12. An Interpretation of Large-Scale Land Deals Using Boserup’s Theories of Agricultural Intensification, Gender and Rural Development --- 13. Labour Migration and Gendered Agricultural Asset Shifts in Southeastern Mexico: Two Stories of Farming Wives and Daughters --- 14. Working Time of Farm Women and Small-Scale Sustainable Farming in Austria --- 15. A Human Ecological Approach to Ester Boserup: Steps Towards Engendering Agriculture and Rural Development --- 16. Conclusions: Re-Evaluating Boserup in the Light of the Contributions to this Volume
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 267 pages) , 44 illustrations, 22 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9789401786782
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-94-017-8678-2
    Language: English
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    Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology : Volume 1 (2014)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Engineering ; Natural disasters ; Geotechnical engineering ; Civil engineering ; Engineering ; Civil Engineering ; Natural Hazards ; Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface --- 1. The Full-Scale Laboratory: The Practice of Post-Earthquake Reconnaissance Missions and Their Contribution to Earthquake Engineering --- 2. Rapid Earthquake Loss Assessment after Damaging Earthquakes --- 3. Existing Buildings: The New Italian Provisions for Probabilistic Seismic Assessment --- 4. Seismic Response of Precast Industrial Buildings --- 5. The Role of Site Effects at The Boundary Between Seismology and Engineering: Lessons from Recent Earthquakes --- 6. Seismic Analysis and Design of Bridges with an Emphasis to Eurocode Standards --- 7. From Performance- and Displacement-Based Assessment of Existing Buildings per EN1998-3 to Design of New Concrete Structures in Fib MC2010 --- 8. Testing Historic Masonry Structural Elements and/or Building Models --- 9. Earthquake Risk Reduction: From Scenario Simulators Including Systemic Interdependency to Impact Indicators --- 10. Physics-Based Earthquake Ground Shaking Scenarios in Large Urban Areas --- 11. A Seismic Performance Classification Framework to Provide Increased Seismic Resilience --- 12. Towards Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Modern Unreinforced Masonry Structures --- 13. Pushover Analysis for Plan Irregular Building Structures --- 14. Recent Development and Application of Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation and Conditions for Their Correct Use --- 15. Conservation Principles and Performance-Based Strengthening of Heritage Buildings in Post-Event Reconstruction --- 16. Earthquake Risk Assessment: Present Shortcomings and Future Directions --- 17. The Role of Pile Diameter on Earthquake-Induced Bending --- 18. Predictive Models for Earthquake Response of Clay and Quick Clay Slopes.- 19. Recent Advances in Seismic Soil Liquefaction Engineering --- 20. Seismic Hazard and Seismic Design and Safety Aspects of Large Dam Projects
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 650 pages) , 373 illustrations, 263 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319071183
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-07118-3
    Language: English
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    Sedimentary Basins and Crustal Processes at Continental Margins : From Modern Hyper-extended Margins to Deformed Ancient Analogues (2015)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Description / Table of Contents: Continental margins and their fossilized analogues are important repositories of natural resources. With better processing techniques and increased availability of high-resolution seismic and potential field data, imaging of present-day continental margins and their embedded sedimentary basins has reached unprecedented levels of refinement and definition, as illustrated by examples described in this volume. This, in turn, has led to greatly improved geological, geodynamic and numerical models for the crustal and mantle processes involved in continental margin formation from the initial stages of rifting through continental rupture and break-up to development of a new ocean basin. Further informing these models, and contributing to a better understanding of the features imaged in the seismic and potential field data, are observations made on fossilized fragments of exhumed subcontinental mantle lithosphere and ocean–continent transition zones preserved in ophiolites and orogenic belts of both Palaeozoic and Mesozoic age from several different continents, including Europe, South Asia and Australasia.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (338 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862397200
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/413/1
    Language: English
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