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  • Kinetics  (34)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (34)
  • 1980-1984  (34)
  • 1981  (34)
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  • 1980-1984  (34)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Benzodiazepines inhibit Ca2+-calmodulin-stimulated membrane protein phosphorylation. The effects of the benzodiazepines on protein phosphorylation are stereospecific and produced by membrane-bound benzodiazepine. The potency of benzodiazepine kinase inhibition is correlated with the ability of the benzodiazepines to inhibit electric shock-induced convulsions. These findings provide evidence that some of the anticonvulsant and neuronal stabilizing effects of benzodiazepines may be modulated by the Ca2+-calmodulin protein kinase system and indicate that this calmodulin-kinase system represents an identifiable benzodiazepine receptor in brain that is distinquishable by several criteria from the previously described high affinity benzodiazepine receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DeLorenzo, R J -- Burdette, S -- Holderness, J -- NS 1352/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NSI-EA-1-K04-NS245/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):546-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264605" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/metabolism ; Brain/*enzymology ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/*pharmacology ; Calmodulin/*pharmacology ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Chlordiazepoxide/*pharmacology ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-08-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Evans, C H -- Tew, W P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Aug 7;213(4508):653-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7256262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Cations ; *Erbium ; Kinetics ; *Magnetics
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gonzalez, M F -- Deutsch, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1283-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233218" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Feeding Behavior ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; *Satiation ; *Satiety Response ; Stomach/*physiology ; *Vagotomy
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: The persistence of synthetic herbicides such as 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and its release in massive amounts as a herbicide (Agent Orange) have created toxicological problems in many countries. In nature, 2,4,5-T is slowly degraded by cooxidation and is not utilized as a sole source of carbon and energy. The technique of plasmid-assisted molecular breeding has led to the development of bacterial strains capable of totally degrading 2,4,5-T by using it as their sole source of carbon at high concentrations (greater than 1 mg/ml). Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography reveal various intermediates during growth of the culture with 2,4,5-T.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kellogg, S T -- Chatterjee, D K -- Chakrabarty, A M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1133-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302584" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/*metabolism ; Bacteria/*genetics/metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Cell Division ; Kinetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Plasmids
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Two divalent cation ionophores, A23187 and Ionomycin, which are selective for calcium, stimulated the resorption of fetal rat long bones in organ culture at 0.1 to 1 micromolar but not at higher concentrations. Both agents inhibited DNA synthesis at concentrations that stimulated resorption. These results might explain the differences in ionophore effects on bone previously reported, and they imply that cell replication is not required for osteoclast formation in fetal rat long bone cultures.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lorenzo, J A -- Raisz, L G -- AM 07290/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 18063/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1157-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785885" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Bone Resorption/*drug effects ; Bone and Bones/drug effects/*metabolism ; Calcimycin/*pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Radioisotopes ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; DNA Replication/*drug effects ; Ethers/pharmacology ; Fetus ; Ionomycin ; Ionophores/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Parathyroid Hormone/pharmacology
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: A loss in the number of functional, sodium ion-dependent, high-affinity choline transport sites was observed in the cortex and hippocampus of mice given an intracerebroventricular injection of 65 nanomoles of AF64A (ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion) 3 days earlier. Such an effect was not observed in the striatum. This effect of AF64A represents a long-term neurochemical deficit at cholinergic nerve terminals in some brain regions which can lead to a persistent deficiency in central cholinergic transmission. The AF64A-treated animal may thus be a model for certain psychiatric or neurological disorders that appear to involve central cholinergic hypofunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mantione, C R -- Fisher, A -- Hanin, I -- MH 26320/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH/AG 34893/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):579-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6894649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aziridines/*pharmacology ; Azirines/*pharmacology ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Choline/*analogs & derivatives/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Sodium/pharmacology ; Synaptosomes/drug effects/*metabolism
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: During normal development of the hamster eye, there is a substantial loss of cells from the retinal ganglion cell layer in the first two postnatal weeks. If one eye is lost at birth, this cell death is reduced in the remaining eye. This may account for the increased ipsilateral projection from this eye to the thalamus and midbrain observed in these animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sengelaub, D R -- Finlay, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):573-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7244655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Survival ; Cricetinae ; Kinetics ; Neurons/*physiology ; Rats ; Retina/cytology/*physiology
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Bee venom and phospholipase A2 extracted from bee venom enhanced guanylate cyclase (E.C. 4.6.1.2) activity two- to threefold in rat liver, lung, heart, kidney, ileum, and cerebellum. Dose-response relationships revealed that bee venom at concentrations as low as 1 microgram per milliliter and phospholipase A2 at 1 microunit per milliliter caused a maximal enhancement of guanylate cyclase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vesely, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):359-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6113689" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bee Venoms/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; Guanylate Cyclase/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Phospholipases/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A/*pharmacology ; Phospholipases A2 ; Rats
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase, the enzyme that is apparently rate-limiting in biopterin biosynthesis, is increased in adrenal cortex and medulla of rats treated with insulin or reserpine. Denervation and hypophysectomy block the increase in medullary and cortical enzyme activity, respectively, whereas cycloheximide presents the increase in both tissues. These results provide evidence for induction and regulation of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Viveros, O H -- Lee, C L -- Abou-Donia, M M -- Nixon, J C -- Nichol, C A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):349-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017928" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Cortex/drug effects/*enzymology ; Adrenal Glands/innervation ; Adrenal Medulla/drug effects/*enzymology ; Aminohydrolases/*metabolism ; Animals ; Biopterin/*biosynthesis ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Denervation ; GTP Cyclohydrolase/*metabolism ; Hypophysectomy ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Organ Specificity ; Pteridines/*biosynthesis ; Rats ; Reserpine/pharmacology
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1981-03-06
    Description: Kinetic analysis of the uptake of carbon-14-labeled oleate in a single-pass perfusion of rat liver and saturable and specific binding of iodine-125-labeled albumin to hepatocytes in suspension suggest the existence of a receptor for albumin on the liver cell surface. The putative receptor appears to mediate uptake of albumin-bound fatty acids by the cell and may account for the efficient hepatic extraction of many other substances tightly bound to albumin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weisiger, R -- Gollan, J -- Ockner, R -- AM-07007/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-13328/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-21899/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Mar 6;211(4486):1048-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6258226" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; Fatty Acids/*metabolism ; Female ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Oleic Acids/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Rats ; Receptors, Albumin ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Serum Albumin/*metabolism
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 1981-07-24
    Description: Nalidixic acid and novobiocin inhibit the aminoacylation and pyrophosphate exchange activities of glycyl- and leucyl-transfer RNA synthetases from bakers' yeast. Similar types of inhibition are observed for both enzymes, suggesting similar mechanisms. The potency of these inhibitors is comparable to that observed for their inhibition of in vivo DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wright, H T -- Nurse, K C -- Goldstein, D J -- GM 07654/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 23598/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 24;213(4506):455-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Glycine-tRNA Ligase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Leucine-tRNA Ligase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Nalidixic Acid/*pharmacology ; Novobiocin/*pharmacology ; Oxolinic Acid/*pharmacology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*enzymology
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  • 12
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: An established line of mesenchymal cells from the human embryonic palate is highly sensitive to the stimulatory effect of epidermal growth factor on growth, labeled thymidine incorporation, and ornithine decarboxylase activity. The results suggest that epidermal growth factor may play a key role in development of various human embryonic and fetal tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoneda, T -- Pratt, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):563-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Organ Specificity ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Palate/drug effects/*physiology ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pregnancy
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  • 13
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-30
    Description: In order to explain the insulin-like effect of exercise, it was proposed in 1951 that contracting muscle fibers liberate creatine, which acts to produce an acceptor effect--later called respiratory control--on the muscle mitochondria. The development of this notion paralleled the controversy between biochemists and physiologists over the delivery of energy for muscle contraction. With the demonstration of functional compartmentation of creatine kinase on the mitochondrion, it became clear that the actual form of energy transport in the muscle fiber is phosphorylcreatine. The finding of an isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase attached to the M-line region of the myofibril revealed the peripheral receptor for the mitochondrially generated phosphorylcreatine. This established a molecular basis for a phosphorylcreatine-creatine shuttle for energy transport in heart and skeletal muscle and provided an explanation for the inability to demonstrate experimentally a direct relation between muscle activity and the concentrations of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bessman, S P -- Geiger, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 30;211(4481):448-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6450446" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Animals ; Creatine/metabolism ; Creatine Kinase/metabolism ; *Energy Metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/*metabolism ; Myosins/metabolism ; Phosphocreatine/*metabolism
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  • 14
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Oral administration of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol had a biphasic effect on plasma testosterone concentrations in male mice, causing rapid sustained increases at low doses and subsequent decreases at higher doses. In hypophysectomized and intact mice receiving gonadotropins (human chorionic gonadotropin), treatment with delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol maintained higher plasma testosterone concentrations. Thus, this cannabinoid may interact with gonadotropin and directly influence testicular steroidogenesis in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalterio, S -- Bartke, A -- Mayfield, D -- 1R01 DA 02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P 30 HD 10202/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):581-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6264607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/pharmacology ; Dronabinol/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Hypophysectomy ; Kinetics ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; Male ; Mice ; Testosterone/*blood
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  • 15
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-10-23
    Description: Diabetic patients with increased plasma glucose concentrations may develop cerebral symptoms of hypoglycemia when their plasma glucose is rapidly lowered to normal concentrations. The symptoms may indicate insufficient transport of glucose from blood to brain. In rats with chronic hyperglycemia the maximum glucose transport capacity of the blood-brain barrier decreased from 400 to 290 micromoles per 100 grams per minute. When plasma glucose was lowered to normal values, the glucose transport rate into brain was 20 percent below normal. This suggests that repressive changes of the glucose transport mechanism occur in brain endothelial cells in response to increased plasma glucose.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gjedde, A -- Crone, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Oct 23;214(4519):456-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7027439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Transport ; *Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain/blood supply ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism ; Glucose/*metabolism ; Hyperglycemia/*metabolism ; Insulin/physiology ; Kinetics ; Rats ; Regional Blood Flow
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  • 16
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-02-27
    Description: A new picosecond resonance Raman technique shows that resonance Raman lines characteristic of a distorted all-trans retinal appear within 30 picoseconds after photolysis of rhodopsin or isorhodopsin. This finding suggests that isomerization is nearly complete within picoseconds of the absorption of a photon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayward, G -- Carlsen, W -- Siegman, A -- Stryer, L -- EY-02387/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 27;211(4485):942-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7466366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isomerism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Retinal Pigments/*radiation effects ; *Retinaldehyde/radiation effects ; Rhodopsin/*radiation effects ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; *Vision, Ocular ; *Vitamin A/analogs & derivatives
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 1981-07-10
    Description: Biologically active compounds were entrapped in cross-linked serum albumin microbeads. Injection of these drug-impregnated beads into rabbits produced no adverse immunological reactions. Sustained release (20 days) of progesterone was demonstrated in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, T K -- Sokoloski, T D -- Royer, G P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 10;213(4504):233-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6787705" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Glutaral ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Kinetics ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Norgestrel/administration & dosage ; Progesterone/*administration & dosage/blood ; Rabbits ; Serum Albumin, Bovine/*administration & dosage
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 1981-07-17
    Description: Pancreatic amylase messenger RNA progressively decreases in rats rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. Insulin reverses this effect, inducing a selective decrease in amylase messenger RNA in the pancreas. Parotid amylase messenger RNA is not significantly affected by either diabetes or insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korc, M -- Owerbach, D -- Quinto, C -- Rutter, W J -- AM 21344/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 17;213(4505):351-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6166044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amylases/*genetics ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*enzymology ; Insulin/pharmacology/*physiology ; Islets of Langerhans/*physiology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Pancreas/drug effects/*enzymology ; Pancreatic Elastase/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Rats ; Transcription, Genetic/drug effects ; Trypsinogen/genetics
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: The binding of [3H]spiperone, a dopamine receptor ligand, to striatal membranes was increased 30 to 35 percent in rats made diabetic with alloxan or streptozotocin. Binding of [3H]spiperone was normal in rats made diabetic with alloxan but treated with insulin. Thus the number of dopamine receptors and central dopaminergic transmission may be altered in diabetes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lozovsky, D -- Saller, C F -- Kopin, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1031-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6458088" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alloxan/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/*metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy/*metabolism ; Insulin/therapeutic use ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects/*metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Streptozocin/pharmacology
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: Leucine catabolism is regulated by either of the first two degradative steps: (reversible) transamination to the keto acid or subsequent decarboxylation. A method is described to measure rates of leucine transamination, reamination, and keto acid oxidation. The method is applied directly to humans by infusing the nonradioactive tracer, L-[15N,1-13C]leucine. Leucine transamination was found to be operating several times faster than the keto acid decarboxylation and to be of equal magnitude in adult human males under two different dietary conditions, postabsorptive and fed. These results indicate that decarboxylation, not transamination, is the rate-limiting step in normal human leucine metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Matthews, D E -- Bier, D M -- Rennie, M J -- Edwards, R H -- Halliday, D -- Millward, D J -- Clugston, G A -- AM-25994/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HD-10667/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1129-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Carbon Isotopes ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leucine/*metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Oxidation-Reduction
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 1981-06-12
    Description: Somatomedin-C stimulates somatostatin release to a maximum of 390 percent of basal release during short-term (20-minute) incubation of rat hypothalamus. It has no effect on basal or stimulated growth hormone release from primary cultures of rat adenohypophyseal cells during a 4-hour incubation, but inhibits stimulated release by more that 90 percent after 24 hours. These findings suggest that somatomedin-C participates in the growth hormone negative feedback loop with an immediate effect on hypothalamic somatostatin and a delayed effect on the anterior pituitary.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berelowitz, M -- Szabo, M -- Frohman, L A -- Firestone, S -- Chu, L -- Hintz, R L -- AM 18722/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 24085/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 12;212(4500):1279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6262917" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bucladesine/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Feedback ; Growth Hormone/pharmacology/*secretion ; Hypothalamus/drug effects/*physiology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Kinetics ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/drug effects/*secretion ; Rats ; Somatomedins/*pharmacology
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: An animal model of tardive dyskinesia was used to evaluate the potential antidyskinetic properties of the neuropeptide L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG). In rats, PLG administered concurrently with the neuroleptic drug haloperidol or chlorpromazine antagonized the enhancement of specific [3H]spiroperidol binding in the striatum that is associated with long-term neuroleptic treatment. The results are discussed in relation to a possible functional coupling of the putative PLG receptor with neuroleptic-dopamine receptor complex and clinical implications for tardive dyskinesia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chiu, S -- Paulose, C S -- Mishra, R K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1261-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6117947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Butyrophenones/*metabolism ; Chlorpromazine/*pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/*metabolism ; Haloperidol/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone/*pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects/*metabolism ; Spiperone/*metabolism
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Long-term potentiation of the hippocampal slice preparation results in an increase in the incorporation of labeled valine into the proteins destined for secretion into the extracellular medium. Double-labeling methods established that the increased secretion of the labeled proteins was limited to the potentiated region of a slice; incorporation of labeled valine was increased in the hippocampus if potentiation was through the Schaffer collaterals and in the dentate if potentiation was through the perforant path. Controls for nonspecific stimulation showed no changes. There appears to be a link between long-term potentiation and the metabolic processes that lead to protein synthesis in the hippocampal slice system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duffy, C -- Teyler, T J -- Shashoua, V E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1148-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233208" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carbon Radioisotopes ; Electric Stimulation ; Hippocampus/*metabolism/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis/secretion ; Rats ; Tritium ; Valine
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  • 24
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    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: Iontophoretic injection of the fluorescent dye Lucifer Yellow CH into single neurons of guinea pig neocortical slices resulted in the staining of more than one cell. Dye-coupled neuronal aggregates were found only in the superficial cortical layers and were often organized in vertical columns. Antidromic stimuli evoked all-or-none, subthreshold depolarizations in some superficial cells. These potentials were not eliminated by manganese and did not collide with spikes originating in the soma, suggesting that they arose from electrotonic interaction between superficial cortical neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gutnick, M J -- Prince, D A -- NS 06477/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS 12151/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):67-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7444449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cell Communication ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Guinea Pigs ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intercellular Junctions/physiology ; Kinetics ; Manganese/pharmacology
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 1981-12-04
    Description: The guanosine analog 8-aminoguanosine is an effective inhibitor of the purine degradative enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase, both in vitro and in intact lymphoid cells. In a human lymphoblast tissue culture system, 8-aminoguanosine, in combination with low concentrations of 2'-deoxyguanosine, causes toxicity toward T cells but not B cells. The selective T cell toxicity correlates with increased accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate in the treated T lymphoblasts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kazmers, I S -- Mitchell, B S -- Dadonna, P E -- Wotring, L L -- Townsend, L B -- Kelley, W N -- AM 19045/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- CA 26032/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 26284/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 4;214(4525):1137-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6795718" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: B-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Cell Line ; Deoxyguanosine/pharmacology ; Guanosine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Pentosyltransferases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase/*antagonists & inhibitors ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/*enzymology
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: A fluorescent derivative of the thyroid hormone 3,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine binds to cultured mouse fibroblasts; such binding is saturable. Video intensification fluorescence microscopy indicates that binding occurs at the plasma membrane. Diffusion coefficients, obtained by fluorescence photobleaching recovery, are consistent with binding to a protein receptor on the cell surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maxfield, F R -- Willingham, M C -- Pastan, I -- Dragsten, P -- Cheng, S Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):63-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6255563" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism ; Diffusion ; Endocytosis ; Kinetics ; Membrane Fluidity ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ; Triiodothyronine/*metabolism
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Pineal N-acetyltransferase can be inactivated in broken cell preparations by cystamine through a mechanism of thiol-disulfide exchange. Some, but not all, disulfide-containing peptides can inactivate this enzyme; the most potent inactivator is insulin. These findings suggest that a disulfide-containing peptide with high reactivity toward N-acetyltransferase may participate in the intracellular regulation of this enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Namboodiri, M A -- Favilla, J T -- Klein, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):571-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7017937" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetyltransferases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Disulfides/pharmacology ; Dithiothreitol/pharmacology ; Hormones/pharmacology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Insulin/*pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Peptides/*pharmacology ; Pineal Gland/*enzymology ; Rats ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Corticosterone increased the amount of the neuron-specific phosphoprotein protein 1 in the hippocampus, a brain region rich in corticosterone receptors, but not in several brain regions that contain relatively few corticosterone receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nestler, E J -- Rainbow, T C -- McEwen, B S -- Greengard, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1162-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6785886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Corticosterone/*pharmacology ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Female ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Organ Specificity ; Rats ; Receptors, Steroid/metabolism ; Synapsins
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: A simple quantitative autoradiographic technique for the study of neurotransmitter receptors that includes the use of a tritium-sensitive film permits saturation, kinetic, and competition studies of brain samples as small as 0.01 cubic millimeter. This technique was used to study [3H]muscimol binding in rat brain. Unilateral gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor supersensitivity was observed in the substantia nigra pars reticulata after production of localized lesions of the ipsilateral corpus striatum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Penney, J B Jr -- Pan, H S -- Young, A B -- Frey, K A -- Dauth, G W -- NS00420-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS00464-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS15140-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1036-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6272394" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Autoradiography ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Muscimol/*metabolism ; Oxazoles/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Tritium
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  • 30
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1981-11-27
    Description: Synchronized HeLa cell populations were exposed to Trypanosoma cruzi or Toxoplasma gondii, obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that cause Chagas' disease and toxoplasmosis, respectively, in humans. The ability of the two parasites to infect HeLa cells increased as the HeLa cells proceeded from the G1 phase to the S phase of their growth cycle and decreased as the cells entered G2-M. Characterization of the S-phase cell surface components responsible for this phenomenon could be beneficial in the development of vaccines against these parasitic diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dvorak, J A -- Crane, M S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Nov 27;214(4524):1034-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7029713" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle ; HeLa Cells/physiology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Toxoplasma/pathogenicity/*physiology ; Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicity/*physiology
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 1981-02-06
    Description: Metkephamid is an analog of methionine enkephalin that retains high affinity for the delta receptor and is a systemically active analgesic. Since it is at least 100 times more potent than morphine as an analgesic when placed directly into the lateral ventricles, and is 30 to 100 times more potent on the delta receptor and yet is roughly equipotent on the mu receptor in vitro, it is concluded that it probably produces analgesia by action on delta receptors as well as, or rather than, on mu receptors. It has less tendency to produce respiratory depression, tolerance, and physical dependence than standard analgesics, and it is presently undergoing clinical trial.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederickson, R C -- Smithwick, E L -- Shuman, R -- Bemis, K G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Feb 6;211(4482):603-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6256856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesics ; Animals ; Brain/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; *Enkephalin, Methionine/*analogs & derivatives ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Male ; Mice ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance-Related Disorders/etiology
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 1981-06-05
    Description: Simultaneous recordings of calcium action potentials directly from growth cones and from somata of neuroblastoma cells indicated that they could be generated in the neurites at or near growth cones. Growth cone responses were measured with a fluorescent voltage-sensitive dye and a 5-milliwatt helium-neon laser microbeam as a monitoring light source.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grinvald, A -- Farber, I C -- NS14716/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jun 5;212(4499):1164-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7233210" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Calcium/*pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chickens ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 1981-05-15
    Description: Two distinct serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors designated serotonin 1 and serotonin 2 bind tritium-labeled serotonin and tritium-labeled spiroperidol, respectively. Drug potencies at serotonin 2 sites, but not at serotonin 1 sites, predict their effects on the "serotonin behavioral syndrome," indicating that serotonin 2 sites mediate these behaviors. The limited correlation of drug effects with regulation by guanine nucleotides suggests that serotonin 1 sites might be linked to adenylate cyclase. Drug specificities of serotonin-elicited synaptic inhibition and excitation may reflect serotonin 1 and serotonin 2 receptor interactions, respectively.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peroutka, S J -- Lebovitz, R M -- Snyder, S H -- DA-00074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 May 15;212(4496):827-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7221567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Guanine Nucleotides/physiology ; Kinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Serotonin/*physiology ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 1981-12-11
    Description: The dimensions of the small intestinal diffusion barrier interposed between luminal nutrients and their membrane receptors were determined from kinetic analysis of substrate hydrolysis by integral surface membrane enzymes. The calculated equivalent thickness of the unstirred water layer was too large to be compatible with the known dimensions of rat intestine. The discrepancy could be reconciled by consideration of the mucous coat overlying the intestinal surface membrane. Integral surface membrane proteins could not be labeled by an iodine-125 probe unless the surface coat was first removed. The mucoprotein surface coat appears to constitute an important diffusion barrier for nutrients seeking their digestive and transport sites on the outer intestinal membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smithson, K W -- Millar, D B -- Jacobs, L R -- Gray, G M -- AM 05418/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 11270/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 15802/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Dec 11;214(4526):1241-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7302593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Diffusion ; Disaccharides/metabolism ; *Intestinal Absorption ; Jejunum/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Kinetics ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microvilli/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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