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  • Nature Publishing Group  (63,409)
  • 1995-1999  (12,082)
  • 1980-1984  (17,607)
  • 1975-1979  (18,006)
  • 1950-1954  (15,714)
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  • 1
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    The blind octopus, Cirrothauma (1978)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 275 (5680). pp. 547-549.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-20
    Description: THE rare deep-sea octopod Cirrothauma murrayi Chun 1910 was first described from a single specimen caught during the Michael Sars Expedition of 1910 (ref. 1). Until now it has been caught only four more times2. We describe here three specimens of this species that were recently caught during biological cruises of RRS Discovery (Fig. 1). All of these animals, including the Discovery ones, have been caught at depths of more than 1,500 m, except one that was dip-netted through the ice of the Arctic Ocean3.
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  • 2
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    The planktonic life of octopuses (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 377 (6545). p. 107.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-04
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  • 3
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    Volcanics from the Sierra Leone Rise (1978)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 275 (5680). pp. 536-538.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-22
    Description: THE Sierra Leone Rise, located in the east equatorial Atlantic, forms a discontinuous chain of seamounts as shallow as 2 km extending with a general NE–SW trend from near the Sierra Leone coast of Africa, to the St Paul fracture zone near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Fig. 1). The origin of this feature has remained a topic of discussion. Sheridan et al.1 have hypothesised that the Sierra Leone Rise is a volcanic structure formed at the beginning of the opening of the Atlantic in the early Cretaceous period. The twin features of the Sierra Leone and the Ceara Rises are probably of oceanic origin and were created 80 Myr ago or later in their present-day position with respect to Africa and South America2. The Atlantic ocean exhibits several similar aseismic structures which appear symmetrically oriented with respect to the mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Walvis–Rio Grande Rise and the Iceland Faeroes–Iceland Greenland Ridges. These structures are volcanic edifices having a composition similar to that found in their associated islands3–7. Deep sea drilling of the Ceara Rise8,9 penetrated a basaltic basement of the upper Cretaceous period (Maestrichtian) (Leg 39, Site 354). Similarly, a DSDP hole (Leg 41, Site 366) on the Sierra Leone Rise, penetrated sediments of the same period, without reaching basement10. We report here the discovery of alkali-rich volcanics in an area of the Sierra Leone Rise. The sediment overlying the rock fragments is aged ∼45 Myr.
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  • 4
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    Yet more danger for coelacanths (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 374 (6520). p. 314.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-06
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  • 5
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    Continental margin fault pattern mapped south-west of Ireland (1977)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 268 (5622). pp. 720-722.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-15
    Description: A SIMPLE model for continental basement structures at rifted continental margins comprises large fault blocks which trend approximately parallel to, and step down towards, the continental–ocean boundary (for example, see ref. 1). These blocks may be cut by faults which strike across the margin, and, in many theoretical discussions, are shown as being separated from the true oceanic crust by an intermediate zone (see transitional crust of Fig. 3, ref. 2). On many rifted margins these features are deeply buried by young sediments and cannot be stutied in detail. On Goban Spur (Fig. 1), a marginal plateau south-west of Ireland, the young sediment cover is abnormally thin, however, and we have been able to map in detail a 150 km wide continental basement fracture pattern of horsts and grabens using a simple seismic reflection system (160 inch3 air-gun and two-channel hydrophone array). We also suggest a location for the continent–ocean boundary between the Spur and Porcupine Abyssal Plain. There are few previously published data from Goban Spur relevant to our study, although valuable sampling3 and geophysical3–5 results have been obtained north and south of the area.
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  • 6
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    Relative departures in July temperatures in northern Canada for the past 6,000 yr (1981)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 289 (5794). pp. 164-167.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-11
    Description: There has been concern about recent temperature trends and the future effects of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere1,2; but instrumental records only cover a few decades to a few centuries and it is essential that proxy data sources, such as pollen spectra from peats and lake sediments, be carefully interpreted as climate records. Several workers have shown statistically significant associations between the modern pollen rain and climatic parameters, an approach that by-passes the recognition of pollen/vegetation units. Statistically defined equations that associate abiotic and biotic elements are called transfer functions. We report here on the application of transfer function equations to nine middle and late Holocene peat and lake sediment sequences from northern Canada (Fig. 1).
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  • 7
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    Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans-surface productivity and oxygen utilization (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 288 (5788). pp. 260-263.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Description: Organic detritus passing from the sea surface through the water column to the sea floor controls nutrient regeneration, fuels benthic life and affects burial of organic carbon in the sediment record. Particle trap systems have enabled the first quantification of this important process. The results suggest that the dominant mechanism of vertical transport is by rapid settling of rare large particles, most likely of faecal pellets or marine snow of the order of 〉200 μm in diameter, whereas the more frequent small particles have an insignificant role in vertical mass flux4–6. The ultimate source of organic detritus is biological production in surface waters of the oceans. I determine here an empirical relationship that predicts organic carbon flux at any depth in the oceans below the base of the euphotic zone as a function of the mean net primary production rate at the surface and depth-dependent consumption. Such a relationship aids in estimating rates of decay of organic matter in the water column, benthic and water column respiration of oxygen in the deep sea and burial of organic carbon in the sediment record.
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  • 8
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    Acoustic observations of heat content across the Mediterranean Sea (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 385 . pp. 615-617.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The ability to monitor the heat content of oceans over long distances is becoming increasingly important for understanding the role of oceans in climate change, for determining the variability of the state of the oceans, for operational ocean observing systems, and for studying large-scale ocean processes such as water-mass formation. Although the properties of the upper layers of the ocean can be routinely measured on large scales by satellite remote sensing (providing altimetric and infrared data) and with expendable probes dropped from commercial vessels, the deep interior of the ocean is more difficult to monitor. Ocean acoustic tomography1 is a promising technique for such applications, as it has the potential to provide systematic, instantaneous and repeated measurements of the ocean interior over large parts of an ocean basin. Here we demonstrate the capability of this technique for measuring the heat content across an entire (albeit small) ocean basin—the western Mediterranean Sea.
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  • 9
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    Two-way exchange between the Easter mantle plume and the Easter microplate spreading axis (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 382 (6589). pp. 344-346.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The conventional model whereby plume volcanism forms linear age-progressive volcanic chains, with the youngest activity occurring nearest a spreading axis (at a 'hotspot'), has been challenged for the Easter seamount chain1–4. Whereas early work suggested the existence of a linear melting anomaly (a 'hotline')1,2, more recent studies3,4 have proposed a hotspot near Salas y Gomez island, connected with the Easter microplate spreading system by an ~800-km-long, volcanically active plume channel. Here we use geochemical, geological and geochronological data to argue that the hotspot lies close to Easter Island. Moreover, new isotopic data for lavas from the seamount chain provide evidence for bidirectional flow between the spreading axis and the plume, thus supporting geophysical and fluid-dynamical models of mantle flow in a plume/spreading axis system5–7. Material balance and flux considerations show the Easter plume to be weak and cool compared with those beneath larger features such as Iceland, Hawaii and the Galápagos islands.
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  • 10
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    Oceanography: All change in the Arctic (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 397 (6718). pp. 389-391.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-16
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  • 11
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    Chlorin accumulation rate as a proxy for Quaternary marine primary productivity (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 383 (6595). pp. 63-65.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: A knowledge of past changes in the biological productivity of the oceans is important for understanding the interactions between carbon cycling and climate. Phytoplankton productivity in today's oceans can be estimated from the concentrations of chlorophyll in sea water1, but chlorophyll is not preserved in the sediments. Existing proxies for past algal productivity do not represent total productivity; for example, biogenic opal2 reflects the contribution of only part of the phytoplankton community, and the organic carbon record can be subject to contamination from terrestrial inputs2,3. Although chlorins, the pigment-transformation products of chlorophyll, are widespread in Quaternary marine sediments, their potential as proxy measures of past variations in primary productivity has not been convincingly demonstrated. Here we report a high-resolution molecular stratigraphic record of chlorin concentrations over the past 350,000 years in a sediment core from the subtropical Atlantic continental margin. Maxima in the chlorin accumulation rate coincide with significant peaks in the accumulation rates of biogenic opal (at the end of glacial terminations) and organic carbon (between terminations). These results suggest that chlorins, unlike other proxies, can serve as a measure of total primary productivity variations.
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  • 12
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    Basin-scale ocean circulation from combined altimetric, tomographic and model data (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 385 . pp. 618-621.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: The ocean stores and transports vast quantities of heat, fresh water, carbon and other materials, and its circulation plays an important role in determining both the Earth's climate and fundamental processes in the biosphere. Understanding the development of climate and important biological cycles therefore requires detailed knowledge of ocean circulation and its transport properties. This cannot be achieved solely through modelling, but must involve accurate observations of the spatio-temporal evolution of the global oceanic flow field. Estimates of oceanic flow are currently made on the basis of space-borne measurements of the sea surface, and monitoring of the ocean interior. Satellite altimetry and acoustic tomography are complementary for this purpose1, as the former provides detailed horizontal coverage of the surface, and the latter the requisite vertical sampling of the interior. High-quality acoustic-tomographic2 and altimetric3 data are now available to test the combined power of these technologies for estimating oceanic flows. Here we demonstrate that, with the aid of state-of-the-art numerical models, it is possible to recover from these data a detailed spatio-temporal record of flow over basin-scale volumes of fluid. Our present results are restricted to the Mediterranean Sea, but the method described here provides a powerful tool for studying oceanic circulation worldwide.
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  • 13
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    Salty brines on the Mediterranean sea floor (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 387 . pp. 31-32.
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
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  • 14
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    Meandering of the subtropical front south-east of the Azores (1982)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 300 (5889). pp. 245-246.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-08
    Description: A subtropical front was observed in the area south and southeast of the Azores during cruises of FS Meteor and FS Poseidon in early 1982. The front has a basically west–east extension, with considerable meandering observed. Meso-scale eddies are found on both sides. The overall flow pattern corresponds to earlier results on geopotential differences in the upper northeast Atlantic, but the baroclinic transport of the order of 107 m3 s−1 is found to be concentrated in a 60-km wide jet. We suggest here that the current band is part of the gyre circulation, resulting from a branching of the North Atlantic Current.
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  • 15
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    Increased El Niño frequency in a climate model forced by future greenhouse warming (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 398 (6729). pp. 694-697.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-25
    Description: The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is the strongest natural interannual climate fluctuation1. ENSO originates in the tropical Pacific Ocean and has large effects on the ecology of the region, but it also influences the entire global climate system and affects the societies and economies of manycountries2. ENSO can be understood as an irregular low-frequency oscillation between a warm (El Niño) and a cold (La Niña) state. The strong El Niños of 1982/1983 and 1997/1998, along with the more frequent occurrences of El Niños during the past few decades, raise the question of whether human-induced 'greenhouse' warming affects, or will affect, ENSO3. Several global climate models have been applied to transient greenhouse-gas-induced warming simulations to address this question4, 6, but the results have been debated owing to the inability of the models to fully simulate ENSO (because of their coarse equatorial resolution)7. Here we present results from a global climate model with sufficient resolution in the tropics to adequately represent the narrow equatorial upwelling and low-frequency waves. When the model is forced by a realistic future scenario of increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations, more frequent El-Niño-like conditions and stronger cold events in the tropical Pacific Ocean result
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  • 16
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    Eddy-induced enhancement of primary production in a model of the north Atlantic Ocean (1998)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 394 . pp. 266-269.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-27
    Description: In steady state, the export of photosynthetically fixed organic matter to the deep ocean has to be balanced by an upward flux of nutrients into the euphotic zone1. Indirect geochemical estimates2 of the nutrient supply to surface waters have been substantially higher than direct biological and physical measurements3, particularly in subtropical regions. A possible explanation for the apparent discrepancy is that the sampling strategy of the direct measurements has under-represented episodic nutrient injections forced by mesoscale eddy dynamics, whereas geochemical tracer budgets integrate fluxes over longer time and space scales. Here we investigate the eddy-induced nutrient supply by combining two methods potentially capable of delivering synoptic descriptions of the ocean's state on a basin scale. Remotely sensed sea-surface height data from the simultaneous TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-1 satellite missions are assimilated into a numerical eddy-resolving coupled ecosystem–circulation model of the North Atlantic Ocean. Our results indicate that mesoscale eddy activity accounts for about one-third of the total flux of nitrate into the euphotic zone (taken to represent new production) in the subtropics and at mid-latitudes. This contribution is not sufficient to maintain the observed primary production in parts of the subtropical gyre, where alternative routes of nitrogen supply will have to be considered.
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  • 17
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    Fluxes of biogenic components from sediment trap deployment in circumpolar waters of the Drake Passage (1982)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 299 (5879). pp. 145-147.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Description: Circumpolar surface waters dominate the circulation of the Southern Ocean and sustain one of the ocean's largest standing stocks of biomass thereby producing a significant output of biogenic components, mainly diatoms, to the bottom sediments. Generally transit of biogenic matter from the sea surface to the sea floor affects nutrient regeneration fuels benthic life and transfers signals to the sediment record1–5. Reliable quantification of the relationship between biological production, fractionation of skeletal and tissue components and bottom sediment accumulation depends on direct vertical flux measurements from sediment trap deployments6–9, which have proved to be most scientifically productive10–13. We now present data on vertical mass fluxes from the Southern Ocean and evidence for strong biogeochemical fractionation between organic carbon-, nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds, siliceous and calcareous skeletal remains, and refractory aluminosilicates.
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  • 18
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    Glacial and interglacial wind regimes over the eastern subtropical Atlantic and North-West Africa (1981)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 293 (5829). pp. 193-196.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-02
    Description: Analysis of aeolo-marine dust deposits in the subtropical eastern Atlantic enables the strength of the major wind patterns during the late Quaternary to be evaluated and gives an insight into the climate of North Africa.
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  • 19
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    Sand deserts during glacial maximum and climatic optimum (1978)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 272 (5648). pp. 43-46.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-02
    Description: The past 20,000 yr have witnessed tremendous climatic changes, a glacial maximum at about 18,000 yr BP and a climatic optimum centred on about 6,000 yr BP, both of which mark extreme situations for the Quaternary. This paper attempts to show that active sand dunes were extensive 18,000 yr ago. Conversely, it seems that sand dunes were generally dormant 6,000 yr ago. Thus the former textbook concept1,2 of an arid climatic optimum and a pluvially active glacial maximum is reversed.
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  • 20
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    Cooling the tropics (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 376 (6537). pp. 212-213.
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-16
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  • 21
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    Ecology: Competition and coexistence (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 402 . pp. 366-367.
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
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  • 22
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    Flavodoxin as an in situ marker for iron stress in phytoplankton (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 382 . pp. 802-805.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: A fundamental issue in marine science is the identification of the factors controlling biological uptake of CO2, in high-nitrate, low-chlorophyll regions. A recent in situ iron fertilization experiment demonstrated that iron limitation is responsible for low phytoplankton stocks in the equatorial Pacific4. Here we show that flavodoxin, a biochemical marker of iron limitation, can be used to map the degree of iron stress in natural populations. Flavodoxin assays along a 900-km east-west transect in the northeastern subarctic Pacific revealed a pronounced increase in iron stress in the region west of the 135° W meridian. Addition of dissolved iron alleviated this stress. Immunostaining of single cells from the most western station showed that flavodoxin is present specifically within the chloroplasts of diatoms. Our approach provides a rapid means of defining the extent of iron stress in the ocean5 and supports the hypothesis that diatoms are iron stressed in the northeast Pacific.
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  • 23
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    Growth limits on phytoplankton (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 373 . p. 28.
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    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
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  • 24
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    Seismic and geochemical evidence for large-scale mantle upwelling beneath the eastern Atlantic and western and central Europe (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 374 . pp. 34-39.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: Seismic tomography and the isotope geochemistry of Cenozoic volcanic rocks suggest the existence of a large, sheet-like region of upwelling in the upper mantle which extends from the eastern Atlantic Ocean to central Europe and the western Mediterranean. A belt of extension and rifting in the latter two areas appears to lie above the intersection of the centre of the upwelling region with the base of the lithosphere. Lead, strontium and neodymium isotope data for all three regions converge on a restricted composition, inferred to be that of the upwelling mantle.
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  • 25
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    First fossil records of cephalopod statoliths (1975)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 257 (5525). pp. 380-381.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: THE class Cephalopoda is represented by over 10,000 fossil species and about 1,000 living species. Almost the entire fossil record so far described consists of external or internal calcareous shells of the Ammonoidea, the Nautiloidea and some members of the Coleoidea. The subclass Coleoidea includes all but three (Nautilus spp.) of the living species of cephalopods, and is represented in the fossil record largely by the order Belemnitida which is important from the early Jurassic to the Eocene. Another coleoid order, the Sepioidea, including the living Sepia and Spirula have internal calcareous shells, and have left traces from the Upper Jurassic (Voltzia) to the present. The three remaining coleoid orders, the Teuthoidea, the Vampyromorpha and the Octopodida include all the remaining living cephalopods, comprising 29 teuthoid or squid families, one vampyromorph family and 12 octopod families.
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  • 26
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    The first fossil cephalopod statoliths to be described from Europe (1980)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 287 (5783). pp. 628-630.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: Statoliths of cephalopods are small, hard calcareous stones which lie within the cartilaginous skulls of octopods, sepioids and teuthoids1. Fossil statoliths, clearly belonging to genera which are alive today, have previously been described from 11 Cenozoic deposits spanning from the Eocene to the Pleistocene in North America2–5. Such statoliths are of particular interest because they provide a means of studying the evolution of living cephalopod groups which have no calcareous shells, including the cosmopolitan and numerous teuthoids and octopods. Here, the first cephalopod statoliths to be recognized in European deposits are described and identified as Loligo sp. They are compared with the North American fossil Loligo species and statoliths removed from the two living Loligo species of Europe.
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  • 27
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    Mantle plume noble gas component in glassy basalts from Reykjanes Ridge (1983)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 305 (5933). pp. 403-407.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-23
    Description: Basalts from the Reykjanes Ridge contain noble gases delivered from the non-degassed lower mantle by the Iceland plume. These lower mantle gases are thought to be a mixture of planetary and solar components, as would be expected if the Earth accreted from fine silicate particles.
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  • 28
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    Sex in giant squid (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 389 (6652). pp. 683-684.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-15
    Description: Recent captures of two female giant squid ( Architeuthis ) off southern Australia have provided the first record of a mated female specimen of these almost mythical deepsea creatures. We found sperm packages (spermatophores) embedded within the skin of both ventral arms of the larger of the two specimens. It seems that male giant squids may use their muscular elongate penis to ‘inject’ sperm packages under pressure directly into the arms of females.
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  • 29
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    Deep-breathing cephalopods? (1996)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 384 (6608). p. 421.
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    Publication Date: 2021-08-20
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  • 30
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    Penguins disturbed by tourists (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 376 (6538). pp. 301-302.
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    Publication Date: 2018-08-15
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  • 31
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    Contribution of Southern Ocean surface-water stratification to low atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the last glacial period (1997)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 389 . pp. 929-935.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-09
    Description: The nitrogen-isotope record preserved in Southern Ocean sediments, along with several geochemical tracers for the settling fluxes of biogenic matter, reveals patterns of past nutrient supply to phytoplankton and surface-water stratification in this oceanic region. Areal averaging of these spatial patterns indicates that reduction of the CO2 'leak' from ocean to atmosphere by increased surface-water stratification south of the Polar Front made a greater contribution to the lowering of atmospheric CO2 concentration during the Last Glacial Maximum than did the increased export of organic carbon from surface to deep waters occurring further north.
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  • 32
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    The internal structure of an active sea-floor massive sulphide deposit (1995)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 377 (6551). pp. 713-716.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Description: THE hydrothermal circulation of sea water through permeable ocean crust results in rock–water interactions that lead to the formation of massive sulphide deposits. These are the modern analogues of many ancient ophiolite-hosted deposits1–4, such as those exposed in Cyprus. Here we report results obtained from drilling a series of holes into an actively forming sulphide deposit on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. A complex assemblage of sulphide–anhydrite–silica breccias provides striking evidence that such hydrothermal mounds do not grow simply by the accumulation of sulphides on the sea floor. Indeed, the deposit grows largely as an in situ breccia pile, as successive episodes of hydrothermal activity each form new hydrothermal precipitates and cement earlier deposits. During inactive periods, the collapse of sulphide chimneys, dissolution of anhydrite, and disruption by faulting cause brecciation of the deposit. The abundance of anhydrite beneath the present region of focused hydrothermal venting reflects the high temperatures ( 〉 150 °C) currently maintained within the mound, and implies substantial entrainment of cold sea water into the interior of the deposit. These observations demonstrate the important role of anhydrite in the growth of massive sulphide deposits, despite its absence in those preserved on land.
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    Possible predictability in overflow from the Denmark Strait (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 397 . pp. 243-246.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
    Description: The overflow and descent of cold dense water from the Denmark Strait sill-a submarine passage between Greenland and Iceland-is a principal means by which the deep ocean is ventilated, and is an important element in the global thermohaline circulation. Previous investigations of its variability-in particular, direct current measurements(1,2) in the overflow core since 1986-have shown surprisingly little evidence of long-term changes in now speed. Here we report significant changes in the overflow characteristics during the winter of 1996-97, measured using two current-meter moorings and an inverted echo sounder located at different depths in the fastest part of the now. The overflow warmed to the highest monthly value yet recorded (2.4 degrees C), and showed a pronounced slowing and thinning at its lower margin. We believe that the extreme warmth of the overflow caused it to run higher on the continental slope off east Greenland, so that the lower current meters and the echo sounder were temporarily outside and deeper than the fast-flowing core; model simulations appear to confirm this interpretation, We suggest that the extreme warmth of the overflow is a lagged response to a warming upstream in the Fram Strait three years earlier (caused by an exceptional amplification of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation). If this is so, over-now characteristics may be predictable.
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    Giant squids may die when exposed to warm water currents (1983)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 303 (5916). pp. 422-423.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-16
    Description: Strandings of the giant squid, Architeuthis monachus (Steen-strup), have always stirred attention because of the rarity and enormous size of these cephalopods. These animals have never been observed in their natural habitat and little is known about their physiology and ecology. Stranding of giant squids in Newfoundland waters has been correlated with the inflow of warm water, suggesting that increased temperature may be causing their death1. Squids have also been carried to the Norwegian coast with the warm North Atlantic current2 and on 23 August 1982 a live specimen was caught off Radöy near Bergen, Norway (Fig. 1). This catch gave an unprecedented opportunity to study the effects of temperature on the oxygen binding properties of blood from the giant squid. The present finding of an excess of a fourfold decrease in O2 affinity when temperature is increased from 6.4 to 15°C strongly suggests that giant squids may suffocate from arterial desaturation when increased ambient temperatures are experierced.
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    Polarized Ultra-Violet Absorption of Anthracene (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 566-566 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Finding the polarization of observed band systems to check the calculations is more difficult than finding the wave-length and intensity, and has not often been attempted in aromatic hydrocarbons except in the weakest band systems, for which quite thick crystals give measurable optical ...
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    Centrifugation Potentials in Sols of Silver Iodide (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 568-568 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Here m'n a DL, 6i2 67ryf 2f (1) Here m'n is the apparent mass of dispersed substance per cm.3, cr the electrical conductivity, T) the viscosity, D the dielectric constant of the sol, co the angular speed of rotation, and JR2, Itl9 the distances from the axis of the two points between which the ...
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    Overseas Development and Man-Power Problems (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 405-408 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE Volta River aluminium scheme set forth in a White Paper issued in November 1952 is of exceptional interest, quite apart from its possible contribution to the supply to the industry of the United Kingdom of aluminium from within the 'sterling area' at competitive prices. Under the scheme the ...
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    Wave Mechanics for Beginners (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 409-410 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ALTHOUGH the principles of wave mechanics IX have been well established for almost a quarter of a century, there is, at present, no unanimity of view regarding the most satisfactory way of presenting the subject to the beginner. A glance at the introductory chapters of the numerous books on wave ...
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    Prof. W. H. Hobbs (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 416-417 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] WILLIAM HERBERT HOBBS was born at Worcester, Massachusetts, on July 2, 1864, and died at Ann Arbor, Michigan, early in January 1953. He was educated at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, where he made a special study of industrial design. Upon graduation in June 1883 he taught for a year at a ...
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    Cytochrome Oxidase and the ‘Pasteur Enzyme’ (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 413-416 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT was shown in 1925 that the multibanded absorption spectrum of cytochrome belongs to three hsemochromogen-like components, denoted as cyto-chromes a, b and c, the oxidation and reduction of which that is, their catalytic activity in respiration can easily be observed in living intact cells1. ...
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    Porphobilinogen: X-Ray Crystallographic Determination of Molecular Weight (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 876-877 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A PORPHYBIN precursor, porphobilinogen, was recently isolated by R. G. Westall in the form of the pure crystalline base1 from the urine of patients suffering from acute porphyria. Chemical evidence by Westall1 and by G. H. Cookson and C. Rimington (accompanying communication) suggests an empirical ...
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    A Variant of Bacterium coli (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 879-880 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Electron micrographs of J5. coli shadowed with 80 A. of chromium metal. l(a) normal type fixed in 2 per cent osmic acid vapour (x 13,600); 1(6) normal type fixed in 5 per cent formalin (x 11,200). (2) Variant fixed in 2 per cent osmic acid vapour (x 8,800) 880 In the normal type of this ...
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    Serum Proteins in Africans (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 880-881 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This work has now been repeated, and in the main confirmed, using a micro-electrophoresis (Antweiler) method for estimating the serum protein fractions. The proteins were measured in the ascending limb in barbitone buffer of pH 8-6, ionic strength 0-12. By this method serum protein-levels of normal ...
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    A Possible New Principle in Taxonomy, and its Evolutionary Implications (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 883-883 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The implication of the non-congruence principle seems to be that differences of the sort used by taxonomists normally evolve one at a time. If any general statement can be made about taxonomic characters, it is probably that they exhibit more-or-less marked discontinuities but do not segregate like ...
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    A Predator on Creontiades pallidus , Ramb. (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 886-886 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] For a number of years C. pallidus has been thought to be a pest of cotton grown in the Tokar Delta; Tokar is about a hundred miles south of Port Sudan and about thirty miles inland from the Red Sea coast. The insect occurs all along the coastal cultivations, which stretch from the northern border ...
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    Tertiary Ocean Bottom Temperatures (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 887-888 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This method is based on the fact that the relative rates of deposition of the oxygen isotopes in the calcium carbonate are a function of temperature. The temperature of deposition is thus determinable from a suitably accurate measurement of the relative abundances of the oxygen isotopes in a shell. ...
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    The New Classical Electrodynamics (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 890-892 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] (a) Differentiability of the 4-velocity field va = dya/ds under the Lorentz law of motion, that is, AapvP = kdva/ds = kva,pv&. (L) (b) The requirement that Aa kva be orthogonal to vat that is, Aava = k. (D) Here s is the proper time (in light-velocity units) along the world-line ya of any ...
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    Appointments Vacant (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 893-894 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] APPLICATIONS are invited for the following appointments on or before the dates mentioned: ASSISTANT EXPERIMENTAL OFFICER (with sound theoretical and practical knowledge of electronic and controlling instruments) IN THE PHYSICS DEPARTMENT The Secretary, National Institute for Research in Dairying, ...
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    Survey of Food Consumption and Expenditure in Great Britain (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 426-426 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN Great Britain the War-Time Food Survey was almost entirely limited to urban working-class households, and, as the National Food Survey, it continued in the same form until the end of 1949. Since then, however, an attempt has been made to obtain a more representative sample, so that all classes ...
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    A New Blood-Group Antibody, Anti- Jk b (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 431-431 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The finding of the antibody corresponding to the antigen, and gene, Jkb is here reported. It has been found in the serum of Mrs. W. Mrs. W. gave birth to full-term healthy infants in 1937 and 1940 and had miscarriages in 1944 and 1951. There is no history of haemolytic disease of the newborn. She ...
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    Function and Location of Enzymes in Cells (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 815-816 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] AT a meeting of the Royal Society on March 12 the subject of "The Function and Location of Enzymes in Cells" was discussed by a number of workers from Great Britain and abroad. Prof. J. Z. Young (Department of Anatomy, University College, London), in opening the discussion, emphasized that the ...
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    Royal Institution (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 819-819 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sir Lawrence Bragg, O.B.E., F.R.S. AFTER the annual meeting of the members of the Royal Institution held on May 1, Lord Brabazon of Tara (president) announced that the managers had appointed Sir Lawrence Bragg to the office of Fullerian professor of chemistry, resident professor and director of ...
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    Bulletin of the Italian Society of Geophysics and Meteorology (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 821-821 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE formation of the Italian Society of Geophysics and Meteorology in 1952 (see Nature, 170, 144; 1952) has now been followed by the first number of the Society's Bulletin (Bol. Soc. Ital. Geof. Met., 1, No. 1; 1953. From the Society at Via Balbi 5, Genova; 3000 lire or 5 dollars a year). The ...
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    Exhibition in the Science Museum, London, of Historic Books on Machines (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 820-821 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE second of a series of special exhibitions of historic books relative to science and technology was opened at the Science Museum, London, on May 1 and will remain on view to the public, free of charge, until August 30 (weekdays, 10 a.m.-6 p.m.; Sundays, 2.30-6 p.m.). The exhibition deals with ...
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    Press Guide to British Chemicals and their Manufacturers (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 821-822 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE Association of British Chemical Manufacturers has recently published a small book entitled "Press Guide to British Chemicals and their Manufacturers'* (pp. 76; March 1953) and two thousand copies have been issued in the first instance to the national, provincial and technical press (including ...
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    Testing of Bearing Properties of Metals (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 827-827 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ENGINEERS and metallurgists have long been faced with the problem of assessing the bearing properties of any particular bearing alloy. One obvious method (and perhaps the best) has been to test the materials under practical working conditions; but, although this may be effective, it is extremely ...
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    A High-Resolution Aerial for Radio Astronomy (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 831-833 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN observations at radio wave-lengths, it is impossible to obtain an angular resolution which is comparable with that of even a small telescope. Even a relatively large object like the sun, which has been studied intensively by radio astronomers, is difficult to resolve at radio wave-lengths. It is ...
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    Tensile Strength of Liquid Nitrogen (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 835-836 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A review of the available experimental methods2 of measuring the tensile strength of a liquid suggests that the static and dynamic tensile strengths of liquids are different. Since the tensile strength of a solid is a static concept, it seems reasonable to consider the static tensile strength of a ...
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    Atmospherics with Very Low-frequency Components (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 837-838 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] An extensive programme of observations of slow tails has recently been completed at the Cavendish Laboratory. Throughout the programme, the kind co-operation of the Meteorological Office "Sferics" Organization2 has greatly enhanced the value of the work by locating the sources of individual ...
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    Use of Ion-Exchange Resins in Paper Chromatography of Sugars (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 841-841 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The effect was investigated using columns 1 cm. diameter and 2-5 cm. long of 'Amberlite IRA400' (OH form), and it was found that 2 mgm. of glucose, for example, was completely removed from solution by such a column and, with the quantity used, none or at most 10 per cent of the sugar was ...
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    Electrolytic Polishing of Lead in a Sodium Acetate–Acetic Acid Bath (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 843-843 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] For most of our experimental work, we employed cylindrical lead specimens, about 1 cm. in diameter and mounted with the exposed face vertical. The electrical connexion to the back surface, and also this surface, were coated with a thermal-setting insulating varnish. A graphite or platinum cathode ...
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    Natural Origin of Optically Active Substances and Optical Resolution by Symmetric Agents (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 843-844 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A remarkable susceptibility to nucleation was recorded by Anderson and Hill4, who showed that when optically inactive atropine sulphate was crystallized in a laboratory in which the ()-form had been racemized, the first crop was almost invariably ()-rotatory, owing to inoculation from the ...
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    Effect of Dietary Penicillin on Blood Composition and Œstrogen-induced Oviduct Growth in the Folic-Acid Deficient Chick (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 845-846 
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    Notes: [Auszug] For the experiment eighty Light Sussex female chicks were reared for two weeks on a commercial chick mash and then placed on a purified folic-acid deficient diet similar to that of Lillie and Briggs6, with the addition of vitamin B]2 (Distivif) at a level of 5 (igm./100 gm. The chicks were ...
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    British Dependencies in the Caribbean and North Atlantic (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 380-381 
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    Notes: [Auszug] PROF. W. M. MACMILLAJSTS "Warning from the West Indies" was published in 1936: the 'warning' of the book's title, he wrote later, was "originally an appeal, and looked to the future". How far his warnings and those of others have been heeded may be judged by a recently issued Colonial Office ...
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    Leaf-Mining Insects (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 763-764 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
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    Notes: [Auszug] PRIMARILY, this book is an investigation into the feeding patterns of leaf-mining insects and is the result of years of research by Prof. E. M. Hering on the leaf-mining habit. It is an attempt, based on the nature of the damage inflicted on the plant, which is in itself dependent upon the specific ...
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    [Book Reviews] (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 765-765 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS is an omnibus volume intended "to acquaint JL students and investigators with the more general methods employed in the study of the proteins, and to give a summary of the current knowledge and advances of the subject matter". Its aim is therefore nothing less than a comprehensive treatment of ...
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    [Book Reviews] (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 765-765 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT is difficult to believe that a small book of a hundred pages on sound can cover adequately the required ground for all stages of the sixth form and up to university scholarship-level, no previous knowledge of the subject being assumed. This, however, is what is claimed for this book which, on ...
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    The Fifth Pakistan Science Conference and the Pakistan Academy of Science (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 771-772 
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    Notes: [Auszug] IN February Dr. George Taylor and I, representing the British Association, were the guests of the Pakistan Association for the Advancement of Science for its Fifth Science Conference at Lahore, and for a study tour of Pakistan. The Conference was opened by the Governor of the Punjab, who spoke of ...
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    Contributions of Science to Peace (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 775-775 
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    Notes: [Auszug] IN his Alexander Wood Memorial Lecture for 1953, "Contributions of Science to Peace", delivered at Friends House, London, on February 18 (pp. 28 ; from the Fellowship of Reconciliation, 38 Gordon Square, London, W.C.I ; Is. Qd.), Prof. C. A. Coulson rejects equally the view that science alone can ...
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    British Agricultural History Society: Inaugural Conference in Reading (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 775-775 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE inaugural conference of the British Agricultural History Society was held at the University of Reading on April 13 and was attended by more than a hundred people representing a very wide variety of interests and professions from all over the British Isles. Sir James Scott Watson addressed the ...
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    International Congress on Electroacoustics (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 776-776 
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    Notes: [Auszug] AN International Congress on Electroacoustics will be held in the Netherlands during June 16-24 under the auspices of the International Commission on Acoustics of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics. The Congress will open in the Hague on June 16 and on the following day will move ...
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    Announcements (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 777-777 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIB ROBEBT ROBINSON, Waynflete professor of chemistry in the University of Oxford, has been awarded the Priestley Medal of the American Chemical Society, the Society's highest award. SIB JOHN LENNABD-JONES has been awarded the Hopkins Prize of'the Cambridge Philosophical Society for his work on ...
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    Scottish Branch of the Science Masters' Association: Annual Meeting in Edinburgh (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 779-780 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE Scottish Branch of the Science Masters' Association held its annual meeting during April 7-10 at the Heriot-Watt College, Edinburgh, under the presidency of Dr. H. G. Nisbet, principal of the College. In his address, on "Some Applications of Physics in the Fuel and Oil Industry", Dr. Nisbet ...
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    Rothamsted Experimental Station: Report for 1951 (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 780-781 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE report of the Rothamsted Experimental Station for 1951 shows that the station has again been the venue of a number of important conferences, that overseas visitors have been even more numerous than in previous years, and that the services of members of the Rothamsted staff continue to be sought ...
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    Effect of Nervous Stimulation on the Arterio-Venous Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Differences Across the Kidney (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 784-785 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE kidney usually receives about 25 per cent of the cardiac output1 and thus probably has far more oxygen available than it can extract under ordinary metabolic conditions. This same high rate of tissue-flow greatly dilutes the carbon dioxide returning to the circulation, in relation to other ...
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    Calculation of Electron-Density Distribution in Crystals with the Help of Convolution Operations (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 785-787 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE electron density distribution p of an infinitely large crystal is usually represented by a Fourier series, where and i and ~ £ f(bh) exp vr h /z-ii -f hzbz + Vr Vr Vr (1) (2) (3) (bjbjta) ai * a3 an-d j, 62 ar the three fundamental-vectors of lattice cells having the ...
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    Identification of 4-Methyl- D -glucuronic Acid in Eucalyptus regnans Wood (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 792-792 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] White8 and Smith9 have shown, by different methods, that the acid hydrolysate from mesquite gum (an exudate from mesquite wood) contains 4-methyl-D-glucuronic acid residues. It has now been demonstrated that the acid hydrolysate from Eucalyptus regnans F. v. M. wood also contains ...
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    National Physical Laboratory, Teddington: Annual Report for 1951 (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 337-338 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE annual report for 1951 of the executive committee of the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, was presented to the meeting of the general board held on May 23 last and has since been published*. It consists of a general survey of the activities of the Laboratory and its various ...
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    Prepupal Moult in the Blowfly ( Calliphora Erythrocephala ) (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 341-342 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE occurrence of a fourth, prepupal, moult in cyclorrhaphous dipterous larvae was first established by Snodgrass1 for Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh. This moult separates the so-called pre-pupa from the true pupa. Fraenkel2 observed a similar moult within the puparia of Calliphora, Lucilia, Phormia ...
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    Myoglobin from Carp Muscle (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 345-346 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Our experiments were carried out with the muscles of these lateral red bands from the carp (Cyprinus carpio). The muscles are removed and kept frozen at 20 C. Before extraction, they are cut into slices 40 pi thick with an automatic freezing microtome and extracted twice for 1 hr. in the cold with ...
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    Structure of the Nucleic Acids (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 346-346 
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    Notes: [Auszug] A detailed description of the structure is appearing in the February 1953 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of ...
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    Synthesis of L -Ascorbic Acid in Plants and Animals (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 348-349 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The experimental facts are as follows. The y-lactones of D-glucuronic acid and L-gulonic acid, when fed to cress seedlings or injected into rats, were found to be transformed, into L-ascorbic acid. D-Galacturonic acid methyl ester, and L-galactonic acid y-lactone behaved similarly. No other sugar ...
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    Council for the Promotion of Field Studies (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 491-492 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE annual report of the Council for the Promotion of Field Studies for 1951-52 maintains the high standard, in presentation and in interest, which we have already, within ten years, come to expect of fche Council's reports. With the director's report, and those of the wardens and the accounts, are ...
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    Population Changes in Europe Since 1939 (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 494-494 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SHORTLY after the end of the Second World War the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe began a survey of European man-power. Yet the present cannot be understood without a knowledge of the past, and it quickly became clear that the demographic upheaval caused by the War was largely ...
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    [Book Reviews] (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 496-496 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS is the third compilation issued by Prof. O. K. \Buros, the last being published in 1941. It assembles in one large well-printed volume the reviews of books on statistical methodology published in English during the decade 1941-50 and contains 842 review excerpts from 112 journals covering 342 ...
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    Magnetic Properties of Rocks (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 500-502 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE significance of the natural remanent magnetism of igneous and sedimentary rocks has not yet been determined. On one hand, there is the hypothesis that the direction of magnetization can be interpreted in terms of a widely varying magnetic field and, on the other, that the adverse polarizations ...
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    Upwelling in the Benguela Current (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 497-500 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE Benguela Current is one of the major features of the circulation of the South Atlantic Ocean. Extending northwards along the African coast from the neighbourhood of Cape Town to about lat. 15 S., the current is a region of up welling of relatively cold water rich in nutrient. The resultant ...
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    Physical Chemistry in the Chester Beatty Research Institute, London: Dr. J. A. V. Butler (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 503-503 
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    Notes: [Auszug] DR. J. A. V. BTJTLER, who has just been appointed to the recently established chair of physical chemistry in the University of London tenable at the Chester Beatty Research Institute (Institute of Cancer Research, Royal Cancer Hospital), graduated in 1921 in the University of Birmingham, of which ...
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    Appointments Vacant (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 803-804 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] APPLICATIONS are invited for the following appointments on or before the dates mentioned : ASSISTANT LECTURER IN MATHEMATICS The Registrar, The University, Reading (May 9). COLVILLB FELLOWSHIP TENABLE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY The Professor of Chemistry, Royal Technical College, George ...
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    Reports and other Publications (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 804-804 
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    Notes: [Auszug] (not included in the monthly Books Supplement Great Britain and Ireland Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Vol. 55, Section A, No. 4 : Solar Eclipses visible in Ireland between A.D. 400 and A.D. 1000. By F. J. O'Connor. Pp. 61-72. Is. Qd. Vol. 55, Section A, No. 5 : A New Quaternion Approach ...
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    Impact of Man on British Wild Life (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 714-715 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE wild life of Britain has been subjected to constant changes from the earliest times through the influence of man, who has introduced new plants and animals, driven others away, and altered the environment of those that have survived his interference. The dominating factor in the life of any ...
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    Seasoning Behaviour of Indian Timbers (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 504-504 
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    Notes: [Auszug] In Indian Forest Bulletin, No. 154 (new series), M. A. Rehman, of the Wood Seasoning Branch of the Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, discusses "The Seasoning Behaviour of Indian Timbers" (Part 1; pp. 5+1 plate; Delhi: Manager of Publications, 1952; 8 annas or 9d.). In the days before the ...
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    Nuclear Research in Yugoslavia (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 728-728 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE growth and development of nuclear research in Yugoslavia, and of the Institut de Recherches sur la structure de la Matiere at Vincha, near Belgrade, is mainly due to the efforts of Prof. P. Savich, the present head of the Chemistry Laboratory. When, late in 1948, the building of the Institute ...
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    Nutrition Society Conference on Scurvy (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 729-729 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE Nutrition Society is holding a two-day conference in Edinburgh during May 22-23, in honour of the bicentenary of the publication of James Lind's "Treatise of the Scurvy". After an opening ceremony in the University Upper Library, Surgeon Vice-Admiral Sir Sheldon Dudley will give an address on ...
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    British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association: Open Days (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 731-732 
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    Notes: [Auszug] DURING the week beginning March 23 the British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association held open days during which representatives of members and other industrial companies, university staffs and government scientific workers were invited to visit the laboratories at Euston Street, London, N.W.I. A ...
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    Microsomal Particles of Normal Cow's Milk (1953)
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    Nature 171 (1953), S. 734-735 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] HITHERTO, cow's milk has been considered to contain particulate components belonging to three categories, namely : (1) blood cells, leucocytes, bacteria and other readily sedimentable 'foreign' material ; (2) butterfat globules ; and (3) particles of the casein - calcium phosphate complex. However, ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/171734a0
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    Molecular Configuration in Sodium Thymonucleate (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 740-741 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SODIUM thymonucleate fibres give two distinct types of X-ray diagram. The first corresponds to a crystalline form, structure A, obtained at about 75 per cent relative humidity; a study of this is described in detail elsewhere1. At higher humidities a different structure, structure B, showing a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/171740a0
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  • 98
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    Hydrolysis of Anhydrides by Esterases (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 744-745 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] (1) Carboxylic acid anhydrides are split both by acetylcholine est erase and by liver esterase. This cannot be demonstrated 'directly' by adding the substrate to the buffered enzyme solution, since spontaneous hydrolysis of such anhydrides in dilute aqueous media is very rapid. We have therefore ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/171744a0
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  • 99
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    Enzymatic Transoximation (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 745-745 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The enzyme was prepared from silkworms. 2 gm. of digestive organ-free tissues of fifth instar larvae was ground and centrifuged twice after adding water. The residue was mixed with 3 ml. of 0-01 M pyruvic acid oxime, 3 ml. of 0-01 M acetaldehyde and 3 ml. of 0-01 M acetone and then diluted with ...
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  • 100
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    Mucin Secretion in the Ewe's Oviduct (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 750-750 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In this investigation it was found that material positive to Schiff's periodic acid1 was secreted by the non-ciliated epithelial cells during pro-oestrus and oestrus. In pro-oestrus the secretory globules extended on each side of the nucleus towards the proximal part of the cell, whereas in oestrus ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/171750a0
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