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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology  (28)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics  (14)
  • 04.04. Geology
  • Inversion
  • AGU  (35)
  • Wiley  (9)
  • Nature PG  (6)
  • 3
  • Giardini Editore
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Keywords
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  • 1
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    Holocene surface-rupturing paleo-earthquakes along the Kachchh Mainland Fault: shaping the seismic landscape of Kachchh, Western India (2024)
    Nature PG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: This study explores the seismotectonics of Kachchh in western India, a region with a low-to-moderate strain rate and a history of significant earthquakes, notably the 1819, Mw 7.8 Allah Bund, and the 2001, Mw 7.6 Bhuj. Despite its substantial seismic risk, comprehensive studies on Kachchh’s seismogenic sources are scarce. This is attributed to the concealed nature of active structures, hindering definitive age constraints in paleoseismological research. Our research comprises a detailed paleoseismic analysis of the north-verging, reverse Jhura Fault underlying the Jhura anticline, a segment of the Kachchh Mainland Fault. This fault segment shows evidence of surface-rupturing earthquakes in the area south of the Great Rann of Kachchh. The investigation reveals three paleoseismic events: Event I before 9.72 ka B.P., Event II between 8.63–8.20 ka B.P., and Event III between 6.20–6.09 ka B.P. The elapsed time since the last event on this fault is 〉 8000 years, suggesting that the area is exposed to a significant earthquake hazard. This highlights the need for more precise characterization of individual seismogenic sources for future earthquake preparedness.
    Description: Published
    Description: 11612
    Description: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Description: OST3 Vicino alla faglia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Surface faulting ; Kachchh Mainland Fault ; Paleoseismology ; Seismic landscape ; Western India ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 2
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    Lithological and stress anisotropy control large-scale seismic velocity variations in tight carbonates (2022)
    Nature PG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Our knowledge of subsurface structures often derives from seismic velocities that are measured during seismic acquisition surveys. These velocities can greatly change due to lithological, fracture frequencies and/or effective pressure/temperature variations. However, the influence of such intrinsic lithological properties and environmental conditions at the large scale is poorly understood due to the lack of comprehensive datasets. Here, we analyze 43 borehole-derived velocity datasets of 3 end-member tight carbonate sequences from Central Italy, including massive pure limestone (Calcare Massiccio, CM), thick-layered (20-50 cm) pure limestone (Maiolica, MA), and thin-layered (2-20 cm) marly limestone (Calcareous Scaglia, CS). Our results show that the main rock parameters and environmental conditions driving large scale velocity variations are bedding and paleostresses, while mineralogical composition and current tectonic stress also play a role. For each of the 3 end-members, measured VP values vary differently with depth, as the thin-layered CS units show a clear increase in Vp, while velocity slightly increases and remains constant for the thick-layered MA and massive CM units, respectively. Such observations show that velocities are affected by specific characteristics of lithological discontinuities, such as the thickness of bedding. Counterintuitively, larger Vp values were recorded in the deformed mountain range than in the undeformed foreland suggesting that higher paleo-stresses increase velocity values by enhancing diagenesis and healing of discontinuities. Our results thus demonstrate that large scale velocity variations are strictly related to variation of lithological properties and to the geological and tectonic history of an area. We suggest that such lithological and environmental controls should be taken into account when developing velocity and mechanical models for tectonically active regions of the Mediterranean Area, where earthquakes mostly nucleate and propagate through carbonate formations, and for resource exploration in fractured carbonate reservoirs.
    Description: Published
    Description: 9472
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    Push for ethical practices in geoscience fieldwork (2022)
    Nature PG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-10
    Description: Destructive geoscientific sampling can have ethical repercussions. It can disrupt archives of Earth’s history (see R. Butler Nature Geosci. 8, 817–818; 2015) and the management of landscapes and geological formations that have local cultural significance (see Nature Geosci. 14, 537; 2021). As members of the International Association for Promoting Geoethics, we suggest ways to ensure that geoscientific sampling and fieldwork are carried out ethically.
    Description: Published
    Description: 26
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Description: 3TM. Comunicazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: geoethics ; geoscience fieldwork ; geosciences ; geology ; geological sampling ; geoheritage ; geodiversity ; 04.04. Geology ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    A validated geomechanical model for the strike-slip restraining bend in Lebanon (2022)
    Nature PG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-25
    Description: Most of the methodologies used to validate complex strike-slip structures mainly rely on comparison with other well-known geological features or analogue laboratory models. This study adopts an approach based on the boundary element method at the regional scale to test the structural interpretation of a complex transpressional mountain range. Lebanon restraining bend represents the most prominent topographic transpressional feature along the Dead Sea Transform (DST). It consists of two mountain ranges: the Mount Lebanon and the Anti-Lebanon ranges. We built a 3D geometrical model of the fault surfaces based on previously studied natural examples, structural maps, satellite images, DEM interpretation and experimental analogue models of restraining bend or transpressional structures. Using a boundary element method, we modelled fault deformation response to the regional stress field. The simulation accurately predicts the shape and magnitude of positive and negative topographic changes and fault slip directions throughout the study area. We propose an original approach, which uses implementation of well-known fault geometries, surface and subsurface data, for structural validation in the complex strike-slip domain. Our results, validated by structural evidences, highlight that various structural styles lead to formation of Mt. Lebanon, Anti-Lebanon and Palmyrides structures. Furthermore, this simulation supports the hypothesis that the restraining bend of the DST formed in the widespread crustal weakness zone developed in the Late Jurassic to Early Createceous. We also propose recent Neogene tectonic evolution of the region based on our modelling and integrated with published U/Pb dating of fault zones and tectonostratigraphic evidence.
    Description: Published
    Description: 20071
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Surface faulting earthquake clustering controlled by fault and shear-zone interactions (2022)
    Nature PG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-22
    Description: Surface faulting earthquakes are known to cluster in time from historical and palaeoseismic studies, but the mechanism(s) responsible for clustering, such as fault interaction, strain-storage, and evolving dynamic topography, are poorly quantified, and hence not well understood. We present a quantified replication of observed earthquake clustering in central Italy. Six active normal faults are studied using 36Cl cosmogenic dating, revealing out-of-phase periods of high or low surface slip-rate on neighboring structures that we interpret as earthquake clusters and anticlusters. Our calculations link stress transfer caused by slip averaged over clusters and anti-clusters on coupled fault/shear-zone structures to viscous flow laws. We show that (1) differential stress fluctuates during fault/shear-zone interactions, and (2) these fluctuations are of sufficient magnitude to produce changes in strain-rate on viscous shear zones that explain slip-rate changes on their overlying brittle faults. These results suggest that fault/shear-zone interactions are a plausible explanation for clustering, opening the path towards process-led seismic hazard assessments.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7126
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Crustal Deformation ; Active Faults ; Earthquake clustering ; 36-Chlorine ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    The impact of pyroclastic density currents duration on humans: the case of the AD 79 eruption of Vesuvius (2021)
    Nature PG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-23
    Description: Pyroclastic density currents are ground hugging gas-particle flows that originate from the collapse of an eruption column or lava dome. They move away from the volcano at high speed, causing devastation. The impact is generally associated with flow dynamic pressure and temperature. Little emphasis has yet been given to flow duration, although it is emerging that the survival of people engulfed in a current strongly depends on the exposure time. The AD 79 event of Somma-Vesuvius is used here to demonstrate the impact of pyroclastic density currents on humans during an historical eruption. At Herculaneum, at the foot of the volcano, the temperature and strength of the flow were so high that survival was impossible. At Pompeii, in the distal area, we use a new model indicating that the current had low strength and low temperature, which is confirmed by the absence of signs of trauma on corpses. Under such conditions, survival should have been possible if the current lasted a few minutes or less. Instead, our calculations demonstrate a flow duration of 17 min, long enough to make lethal the breathing of ash suspended in the current. We conclude that in distal areas where the mechanical and thermal effects of a pyroclastic density currents are diminished, flow duration is the key for survival.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4959
    Description: 5V. Processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Pyroclastic density current ; AD 79 Eruption ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.04. Geology
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  • 7
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    Integrated on‐land‐offshore stratigraphy of the Campi Flegrei caldera: new insights into the volcano‐tectonic evolution in the last 15 kyr (2021)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-22
    Description: Silicic calderas are volcanic systems whose unrest evolution is more unpredictable than other volcano types because they often do not culminate in an eruption. Their complex structure strongly influences the post-collapse volcano-tectonic evolution, usually coupling volcanism and ground deformation. Among such volcanoes, the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy) is one of the most studied. Significant long- and short-term ground deformations characterize this restless volcano. Several studies performed on the marinecontinental succession exposed in the central sector of the Campi Flegrei caldera provided a reconstruction of ground deformation during the last 15 kyr. However, considering that over one-third of the caldera is presently submerged beneath the Pozzuoli Gulf, a comprehensive stratigraphic on-land-offshore framework is still lacking. This study aims at reconstructing the offshore succession through analysis of high-resolution single and multichannel reflection seismic profiles and correlates the resulting seismic stratigraphic framework with the stratigraphy reconstructed on-land. Results provide new clues on the causative relations between the intra-caldera marine and volcaniclastic sedimentation and the alternating phases of marine transgressions and regressions originated by the interplay between ground deformation and sea-level rise. The volcano-tectonic reconstruction, provided in this work, connects the major caldera floor movements to the large Plinian eruptions of Pomici Principali (12 ka) and Agnano Monte Spina (4.55 ka), with the onset of the first post-caldera doming at ~10.5 ka. We emphasize that ground deformation is usually coupled with volcanic activity, which shows a self-similar pattern, regardless of its scale. Thus, characterizing the long-term deformation history becomes of particular interest and relevance for hazard assessment and definition of future unrest scenarios.
    Description: Published
    Description: 855-882
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: offshore stratigraphy ; seismic units ; La Starza succession ; volcanism, ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Active Extension in a Foreland Trapped Between Two Contractional Chains: The South Apulia Fault System (SAFS) (2020)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-08
    Description: The response of continental forelands to subduction and collision is a widely investigated topic in geodynamics. The deformation occurring within a foreland shared by two opposite‐verging chains, however, is uncommon and poorly understood. The Apulia Swell in the southern end of the Adria microplate (Africa‐Europe plate boundary, central Mediterranean Sea) represents one of these cases, as it is the common foreland of the SW verging Albanides‐Hellenides and the NE verging Southern Apennines merging into the SSE verging Calabrian Arc. We investigated the internal deformation of the Apulia Swell using multiscale geophysical data: multichannel seismic profiles recording up to 12‐s two‐way time (TWT) for a consistent image of the upper crust; high‐resolution multichannel seismic profiles, high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry, and CHIRP profiles acquired by R/V OGS Explora to constrain the Quaternary geological record. The results of our analyses characterize the geometry of the South Apulia Fault System (SAFS), a 100‐km‐long and 12‐km‐wide structure attesting an extensional (and possibly transtensional) response of the foreland to the two contractional fronts. The SAFS consists of two NW‐SE right‐stepping master faults and several secondary structures. The SAFS activity spans from the Early Pleistocene through the Holocene, as testified by the bathymetric and high‐resolution seismic data, with long‐term slip rates in the range of 0.2–0.4 mm/yr. Considering the position within an area with few or none other active faults in the surroundings, the dimension, and the activity rates, the SAFS can be a candidate causative fault of the 20 February 1743, M 6.7, earthquake.
    Description: Italian Ministry for Education, University, and Research (MIUR), Premiale 2014 D. M. 291 03/05/2016.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020TC006116
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: 2TR. Ricostruzione e modellazione della struttura crostale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: active tectonics ; apulia ; south apulia fault system ; 1743 earthquake ; marine geology ; stable continental region ; ionian sea ; active faults ; subsurface geology ; seismic interpretation ; 04.04. Geology ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    New coring study in Augusta Bay expands understanding of offshore tsunami deposits (Eastern Sicily, Italy) (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-25
    Description: Tsunami deposits present an important archive for understanding tsunami histories and dynamics. Most research in this field has focused on onshore preserved remains, while the offshore deposits have received less attention. In 2009, during a coring campaign with theItalian Navy Magnaghi, four 1 m long gravity cores (MG cores) were sampled from the northern part of Augusta Bay, along a transect in 60 to 110 m water depth. These cores were taken in the same area where a core (MS06) was collected in 2007 about 2.3 km offshore Augusta at a water depth of 72 m below sea level. Core MS06 consisted of a 6.7 m long sequence that included 12 anomalous intervals interpreted as the primary effect of tsunami backwash waves in the last 4500 years. In this study, tsunami deposits were identified, based on sedimentology and displaced benthic foraminifera (as for core MS06) reinforced by X-ray fluorescence data. Two erosional surfaces (L1 and L2) were recognized coupled with grain size increase, abundant Posidonia oceanica seagrass remains and a significant amount of Nubecularia lucifuga, an epiphytic sessile benthic foraminifera considered to be transported from the inner shelf. The occurrence of Ti/Ca and Ti/Sr increments, coinciding with peaks in organic matter (Mo inc/coh) suggests terrestrial run-off coupled with an input of organic matter. The L1 and L2 horizons were attributed to two distinct historical tsunamis (AD 1542 and AD 1693) by indirect age-estimation methods using 210Pb profiles and the comparison of Volume Magnetic Susceptibility data between MG cores and MS06 cores. One most recent bioturbated horizon (Bh), despite not matching the above listed interpretative features, recorded an important palaeoenvironmental change that may correspond to the AD 1908 tsunami. These findings reinforce the value of offshore sediment records as an underutilized resource for the identification of past tsunamis.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1553-1576
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Eastern Sicily ; tsunami ; foraminifera ; sedimentology ; XRF core scanning ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Physical characteristics of subduction interface type seismogenic zones revisited (2012)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-16
    Description: Based on global earthquake catalogs, the hypocenters, nodal planes, and seismic moments of worldwide subduction plate interface earthquakes were extracted for the period between 1900 and 2007. Assuming that the seismogenic zone coincides with the distribution of 5.5 ≤ M 〈 7 earthquakes, the subduction interface seismogenic zones were mapped for 80% of the trench systems and characterized with geometrical and mechanical parameters. Using this database, correlations were isolated between significant parameters to identify cause-effect relationships. Empirical laws obtained in previous studies were revisited in light of this more complete, accurate, and uniform description of the subduction interface seismogenic zone. The seismogenic zone was usually found to end in a fore-arc mantle, rather than at a Moho depth. The subduction velocity was the first-order controlling parameter for variations in the physical characteristics of plate interfaces, determining both the geometry and mechanical behavior. As such, the fast subduction zones and cold slabs were associated with large and steep plate interfaces, which, in turn, had large seismic rates. The subduction velocity could not account for the potential earthquake magnitude diversity that was observed along the trenches. Events with Mw ≥ 8.5 preferentially occurred in the vicinity of slab edges, where the upper plate was continental and the back-arc strain was neutral. This observation was interpreted in terms of compressive normal stresses along the plate interface. Large lateral ruptures should be promoted in neutral subduction zones due to moderate compressive stresses along the plate interface that allow the rupture to propagate laterally.
    Description: Published
    Description: Q01004
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: subduction zones ; seismicity ; statistics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 11
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    Time reverse location of seismic long-period events recorded on Mt Etna (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present the first application of a time reverse location method in a volcanic setting, for a family of long-period (LP) events recorded on Mt Etna. Results are compared with locations determined using a full moment tensor grid search inversion and cross-correlation method. From 2008 June 18 to July 3, 50 broad-band seismic stations were deployed on Mt Etna, Italy, in close proximity to the summit. Two families of LP events were detected with dominant spectral peaks around 0.9 Hz. The large number of stations close to the summit allowed us to locate all events in both families using a time reversal location method. The method involves taking the seismic signal, reversing it in time, and using it as a seismic source in a numerical seismic wave simulator where the reversed signals propagate through the numerical model, interfere constructively and destructively, and focus on the original source location. The source location is the computational cell with the largest displacement magnitude at the time of maximum energy current density inside the grid. Before we located the two LP families we first applied the method to two synthetic data sets and found a good fit between the time reverse location and true synthetic location for a known velocity model. The time reverse location results of the two families show a shallow seismic region close to the summit in agreement with the locations using a moment tensor full waveform inversion method and a cross-correlation location method.
    Description: Published
    Description: 452-462
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Volcano seismology ; Computational seismology ; Wave propagation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 12
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    Statistical analysis of the volcano seismicity during the 2007 crisis (2012)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We analyze the volcano seismicity recorded during the pre‐ and co‐eruptive regimes of the 2007 effusive crisis at Stromboli volcano (Italy). Data‐set is composed of the continuous recordings of a three‐component broad‐band seismometer and of a Sacks‐ Evertson strainmeter. Starting from the characterization of the non effusive phase as a stationary state of equilibrium, we investigate the effusive phase as a non‐equilibrium state. A statistical analysis reveals that the explosion occurrence is always driven by a nearly Poissonian process, as for the standard activity, even during the effusive phase, with the only difference in shortening the inter‐times. Explosion‐quake amplitudes are lognormally distributed until the effusive phase, becoming then broader. This indicates that many scales are involved. A slightly different process can be advocated for the swarms of the explosions occurring during the effusive phase. This suggests that the dynamics of the exsolution and/or aggregation of the gas slugs should differ from the nucleation mechanism responsible of the standard Strombolian activity. The pre‐eruptive regime is characterized by a very long deformative signal that appears as a transient oscillating signal with a period of about three days that modulates the explosion amplitudes. In a conceptual vibrating cavities model, it is related to a chocking phenomenon induced by magma injection, which in turn leads to the effusion.
    Description: Published
    Description: B09312
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Volcanic tremor ; Stromboli ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 13
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    A statistical study of the Stromboli volcano explosion quakes before and during 2002-2003 eruptive crisis (2012)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We study the seismic wavefield and the statistical properties of the Stromboli volcano explosions preceding and during the 2002–2003 crisis. We analyze the recordings of a three‐component seismometer operating since 23 May 2002 to 30 January 2003, including the first 34 days of the crisis. Before the crisis, we recognize three bell‐shaped classes of spectra with maxima falling in the range 1–5 Hz. Spectral content has two main changes, the most prominent one occurring at the crisis onset when the frequency peak at ∼0.3 Hz increases in amplitude. Independent component analysis extracts three time‐stable independent oscillations that peaked at 1.1, 1.8, and 2.5 Hz, with radial and shallow polarization indicating a stable source mechanism. Energy of the explosions is lognormally distributed, except during a 2 month time interval before the crisis when it also shows a higher mean value. The interoccurrence time distributions display an homogeneous Poissonian behavior with a mean intertime of 250 s, without changes at the crisis onset. Only swarms of explosions are not ruled by a Poisson process and display higher occurrence rates and higher energies. Finally, we depict a scheme of the crisis. A modification of the equilibrium is induced by rising magma that produces a change in the boundary conditions of the plumbing system. The escape from the equilibrium produces, at first, variations in the usual statistics of the explosions, then it leads to the lava effusion and to a pressure drop in the plumbing system that induces a deep gas slug nucleation and the excitation of low frequencies.
    Description: Published
    Description: B04303
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Stromboli volcano, explosion quakes, 2002-2003 eruption ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 14
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    U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology of Palaeozoic units in the northern Apennines: determining protolith age and alpine evolution using the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the northern Apennines, the Palaeozoic basement involved in the Late Oligocene–Middle Miocene nappe stack contains metamorphic units for which hypothetical ages have been assigned on the basis of lithological correlations with the Palaeozoic formations of the Variscan chain in Sardinia. This uncertainty concerning the age poses limitations to reconstructing the Palaeozoic stratigraphy, defining the Alpine and pre-Alpine histories and correlations with other domains of the Variscan chain. We present the U-Pb age of detrital zircon and the 40Ar-39Ar age of metamorphic muscovite for the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid, two metamorphic units of undetermined Palaeozoic age cropping out in the eastern Elba Island. The radioisotopic data allows us to: (i) define the Early Carboniferous and Middle Ordovician ages for the Calamita Schist and Ortano Porphyroid, respectively, as well as their derivation (flysch deposit and magmatic rocks); (ii) pose some constraints concerning their alpine tectonic and metamorphic histories. These new data generate a more precise reconstruction of the Palaeozoic sequence in the northern Apennines, and they document that the Palaeozoic basement involved in the alpine deformation underwent internal stacking with an inversion of the original sequence.
    Description: In press
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: northern Apennines ; Palaeozoic basement ; U-Pb zircon ; 40Ar-39Ar muscovite ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.02. Geochronology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 15
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    Time reverse location of seismic long-period events recorded on Mt Etna (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present the first application of a time reverse location method in a volcanic setting, for a family of long-period (LP) events recorded on Mt Etna. Results are compared with locations determined using a full moment tensor grid search inversion and cross-correlation method. From 2008 June 18 to July 3, 50 broad-band seismic stations were deployed on Mt Etna, Italy, in close proximity to the summit. Two families of LP events were detected with dominant spectral peaks around 0.9 Hz. The large number of stations close to the summit allowed us to locate all events in both families using a time reversal location method. The method involves taking the seismic signal, reversing it in time, and using it as a seismic source in a numerical seismic wave simulator where the reversed signals propagate through the numerical model, interfere constructively and destructively, and focus on the original source location. The source location is the computational cell with the largest displacement magnitude at the time of maximum energy current density inside the grid. Before we located the two LP families we first applied the method to two synthetic data sets and found a good fit between the time reverse location and true synthetic location for a known velocity model. The time reverse location results of the two families show a shallow seismic region close to the summit in agreement with the locations using a moment tensor full waveform inversion method and a cross-correlation location method.
    Description: In press
    Description: (11)
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Volcano seismology ; Computational seismology ; Wave propagation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 16
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    A statistical study of the Stromboli volcano explosion-quakes before and during 2002-2003 eruptive crisis (2011)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We study the seismic wavefield and the statistical properties of the Stromboli volcano explosions preceding and during 2002-2003 crisis. We analyze the recordings of a three-component seismometer operating since 23/05/2002 to 30/01/2003, including the first 34 days of the crisis. Before the crisis, we recognize three bell-shaped classes of spectra with maxima falling in the range 1–5 Hz. Spectral content has two main changes, the most prominent one occurring at the crisis onset when the frequency peak at ∼0:3 Hz increases in amplitude. Independent Component Analysis extracts three timestable independent oscillations peaked at 1.1, 1.8, and 2.5 Hz, respectively, with radial and shallow polarization indicating a stable source mechanism. Energy of the explosions is log-normally distributed, except during a twomonth time interval before the crisis when it shows also a higher mean value. The inter-occurrence time distributions display an homogeneous poissonian behaviour with a mean inter-time of 250 s, without changes at the crisis onset. Only swarms of explosions are not ruled by a Poisson process and display higher occurrence rates and higher energies. Finally, we depict a scheme of the crisis. A modification of the equilibrium is induced by rising magma that produces a change in the boundary conditions of the plumbing system. The escape from the equilibrium produces, at first, variations in the usual statistics of the explosions, then it leads to the lava effusion and to a pressure drop in the plumbing systems that induces a deep gas slug nucleation and the excitation of low frequencies.
    Description: In press
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Stromboli ; explosion-quakes ; 2002-2003 eruptive crisis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 17
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    Statistical analysis of the volcano seismicity during the 2007 crisis of Stromboli, Italy: a 3-day oscillatory signal as onset of the activity (2010)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-17
    Description: We analyze the volcano seismicity recorded during the 2007 eruption of Stromboli. Data-set is composed of the continuous recordings of a three-component broad-band seismometer and of a strainmeter. Starting from the characterization of the standard activity as a stationary phase of equilibrium, we investigate the non-equilibrium phase of the effusive process. A statistical analysis of the explosions reveals that the occurrence is always driven by a Poisson process as for the standard activity, even approaching the effusion phase, with the only difference in shortening the inter-times just during the effusion. A slightly different process can be advocated for the swarms of the explosions, because a maximum in the distribution of inter-times can be evidenced. Regarding the amplitudes of the explosion-quakes, they have a log-normal distribution until the effusion onset as in the standard Strombolian activity. The actual departure from that stationarity seems to be traced by an early deformative response at very long period. It appears as a transient oscillating signal characterized by a period of about three days that modulates the explosion amplitudes. In a conceptual organ pipe-like model it is related to the chocking of the pipe. The successive activity can be interpreted as the response of volcano to restore the equilibrium condition.
    Description: Published
    Description: B09312
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Stromboli ; eruption ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 18
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    Seismic attenuation and mantle wedge temperature in the northern Apennine subtuction zone (Italy) from teleseismic body wave spectra. (2010)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright (2010) American Geophysical Union.
    Description: We analyze P and S wave spectra from moderate‐ to deep‐focus teleseisms recorded at the Retreating‐Trench, Extension, and Accretion Tectonics (RETREAT) temporary broadband seismic network to assess the variations of the Earth mantle attenuation in the northern Apennines region (Italy). For each earthquake, we compute the ratio between the spectrum at each station and the average spectrum, in order to estimate t* residuals (Δt*) from the spectral ratio decay. The number and distribution of the teleseisms useable for the P wave t* calculation allow for a gross azimuthal analysis; although the (Δt*) values at single station display, in most cases, azimuthal‐dependent fluctuations, their overall distribution shows a partition of the study region into two main areas, whose gross features remain almost unchanged over the whole azimuthal range. This partition is confirmed by the S wave t* mean values, computed for each station over the set of useable events. We distinguish a relatively high attenuation area on the western, Tyrrhenian side and a relatively low attenuation area on the eastern, Adriatic side. By correlating our Δt* estimates and the velocity structure derived from the existing tomographic models, we compute the ranges of possible P and S wave Q values in the mantle wedge above the Apennines slab (on the Tyrrhenian side) and in the asthenosphere below the Adriatic region. Furthermore, the determined attenuation properties are used to draw some inferences on the thermal state of the uppermost mantle and on the physical properties of the tectonic elements, which constitute the subduction system in the region.
    Description: Published
    Description: B09309
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Northern Apennine ; Slab ; RETREAT ; attenuation ; mantle ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.05. Rheology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 19
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    Temporal changes in seismic wave propagation towards the end of the 2002 Mt Etna eruption (2010)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Stress can undergo rapid temporal changes in volcanic environments, and this is particularly true during eruptions. We use two independent methods, coda wave interferometry (CWI) and shear wave splitting (SWS) analysis to track stress related wave propagation effects during the waning phase of the 2002 NE fissure eruption at Mt Etna. CWI is used to estimate temporal changes in seismic wave velocity, while SWS is employed to monitor changes in elastic anisotropy. We analyse seismic doublets, detecting temporal changes both in wave velocities and anisotropy, consistent with observed eruptive activity. In particular, syn-eruptive wave propagation changes indicate a depressurization of the system, heralding the termination of the eruption, which occurs three days later.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1779-1788
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Interferometry ; Seismic anisotropy ; Volcano seismology ; Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 20
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    Effects of the 1989 fracture system in the dynamics of the upper SE flank of Etna revealed by volcanic tremor data: The missing link? (2010)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright (2010) American Geophysical Union.
    Description: Fracture reactivation is a widespread process in nature even though evidence of magma-induced reactivation is less documented. Here we provide evidence of the reactivation of a fracture system on the upper flank of the Mt. Etna volcano and consider its possible implications in understanding the recent volcanic and tectonic activity. A NNW–SSE trending fracture, partly accompanied by magma emplacement in the form of a laterally propagating dike, formed in 1989 on the upper SE flank of Etna. Lava effusions in 1991–1993, 2001, and 2006 were associated with volcano-tectonic (VT) seismicity and ground deformations on the upper part of the volcano, which document the seismogenetic involvement of the 1989 fractures, although without eruptive phenomena along the discontinuity. In addition to the aforementioned episodes of VT seismicity, differences in the characteristics of the background seismic radiation (volcanic tremor) were measured at stations close to these fractures during the eruptive activity on 24 November 2006, for which more detailed volcanological and seismological time histories are available. Moving on from these findings, we analyze volcanic tremor data recorded close to the summit and along the S flank of the volcano to highlight the interactions between seismic radiation and the 1989 fracture system. Centroid location of volcanic tremor and wave field characteristics at stations of the permanent local seismic network of Etna highlight the guidance role played by the 1989 fractures during the eruptive activity on 24 November 2006. In addition, the collected data shed light on hitherto unknown structural features, which appear to connect the volcano summit to the lower SE slope and also play an important role in controlling the instability of the E flank. More generally, this study shows how (1) using an integrated approach, it is possible to link apparently different features to a common structure, showing uniform and distinct dynamics relevant at the volcano scale, and (2) fracture reactivation can also occur by means of magma intrusion, playing an important role in the transfer of magma within a volcanic edifice.
    Description: Published
    Description: B11306
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Mount Etna ; fracture system ; volcanic tremor ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 21
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    Infrasonic evidences for branched conduit dynamics at Mt. Etna volcano, Italy (2009)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright (2009) American Geophysical Union.
    Description: On multi-vents volcanoes changes in activity between different vents reflect a complex fluid-dynamics of the shallow feeding systems and are often explained numerically and experimentally in terms of conduit branches and bifurcations. We present new geophysical constraints on the shallow feeding system of Etna volcano derived from array analysis of infrasound radiated from two distinct sources, one located in the SE crater and one in the Voragine or NE crater (VNE). These two sources alternated in their behavior, with the VNE crater system radiating low amplitude background infrasound interrupted by episodes of increased infrasound radiation from the SE crater. This switching behavior suggested a branched shallow feeding system strongly controlled by the gas/magma-flux. Here, the VNE craters represented the preferential and most stable branch of degassing during stationary flux regime, while the SE crater branch activated in response to an increase in the magma/gas supply rate.
    Description: INGV-DPC V3 for the years 2005– 2007
    Description: Published
    Description: L19308
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Infrasound ; Mt. Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 22
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    Low-frequency seismic signals recorded by OBS at Stromboli volcano (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea) (2009)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Five three-component broadband ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) were deployed on the seafloor around the Aeolian Islands (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea). By comparing OBSs digital seismograms, we found a low-frequency seismicity recorded only at OBS05, the nearest seafloor station to Stromboli volcano. This seismicity appears in the form of a continuous seismic signal (tremor-like-signal) as well as a considerable number of shock-like events. We focused on recordings from OBS05 to verify their correlation with Stromboli volcanic activity. From the spectral analysis, we observed low-frequency events (LP events), superposed upon the continuous background noise (tremor). LP events and tremor, showing similar energy fluctuations and frequency content, appear to be produced by the same dynamic processes. We interpret this low-frequency seismicity as probably originating from a continuous uprising of gas bubbles from the deeper part of the Stromboli magmatic column. This could highlight the existence of a deeper source for low-frequency seismicity.
    Description: Published
    Description: L04305
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Volcano-seismology ; low-frequency events ; tremor ; OBSs ; Stromboli (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea) ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
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  • 23
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    A synchronous Alpine and Corsica-Sardinia rotation (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We report on the paleomagnetism of 34 sites from lower Oligocene–middle Miocene sediments exposed in the Tertiary Piedmont Basin (TPB, northern Italy). The TPB is formed by a thick (4000 m) and virtually undeformed sedimentary succession unconformably lying upon Alpine nappes decapitated by extensional exhumation, which in turn are tectonically stacked over the Adriatic foreland. Paleomagnetic directions from 23 (mostly Oligocene) sites were chronologically framed using new biostratigraphic evidence from calcareous nannoplankton. Our data, along with published paleomagnetic results, show that the TPB rotated 50 counterclockwise with respect to Africa in Aquitanian-Serravallian times. The rotation was likely driven by underneath nappe stacking and was synchronous with (further) bending of the Alpine chain. Both the rotation magnitude and its timing are similar to those documented for the Corsica-Sardinia microplate. Therefore the formation of the western Alpine arc (or at least part of its present-day curvature) occurred during the rollback of the Apenninic slab and related back-arc spreading of the Liguro-Provenc¸al Basin and drift of the Corsica-Sardinia block. This suggests a common dynamics driving both the Alpine and the Apennine slab motions. Paleomagnetic data also document that the Adriatic plate has undergone no paleomagnetic rotation since mid-late Miocene times. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data suggests that the TPB, an enigmatic basin arising from a controversial tectonic setting, formed in an extensional regime characterized by a stretching direction approximately orthogonal to the main trend of the underlying chain.
    Description: Published
    Description: B03104
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Paleomagnetism ; Tertiary Piedmont Basin ; Paleomagnetic directions ; Biostratigraphic evidence ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics
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  • 24
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    Reply to Comment by M. Dumberry (2008)
    AGU
    In:  Reply to Comment on “Could the Mw = 9.3 Sumatra Earthquake Trigger a Geomagnetic Jerk?”
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We thank M. Dumberry for providing the opportunity to discuss further the article [Florindo et al., 2005] in which we suggested that the Sumatra earthquake could have triggered a geomagnetic jerk. Dumberry is against our hypothesis for different reasons: (1) The displacement pattern produced by this earthquake is incompatible with the core-mantle boundary (CMB) deformations required for a torsional oscillation; (2) most of the deformations occurred locally, producing an actual mass displacement that has not involved the entire Earth; and (3) no abrupt change in the length of day (LOD) has been observed after this event. Although we agree with some of the considerations proposed by Dumberry, we think that these do not rule out the possibility that a jerk has been triggered by the Sumatra earthquake or that in the future, other earthquakes could induce a change in the flow pattern near the CMB leading to a geomagnetic jerk. On the contrary, we retain that this hypothesis is plausible, although it is more correct to talk about the existence of a possible link between geomagnetic jerks and earthquakes where the earthquake magnitude is not the only discriminating parameter.
    Description: Published
    Description: 343
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Sumatra Earthquake ; Geomagnetic Jerk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 25
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    The shallow magma pathway geometry at Mt. Etna volcano (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A fundamental goal of volcano seismology is to understand the dynamics of active magmatic systems in order to assess eruptive behavior and the associated hazard. Imaging of magma conduits, quantification of magma transport and investigation of long-period seismic sources, together with their temporal variations, are crucial for the comprehension of eruption-triggering mechanisms. At Mt. Etna volcano, several intense episodes of tremor activity were recorded during 2007, in association with strombolian activity and/or intense fire fountaining episodes occurring from the South East Crater (SEC). The locations of the tremor sources and of the long-period seismic events are used here to constrain both the area and the depth range of magma degassing, highlighting the geometry of the shallow conduits feeding SEC. The imaged conduits consist of two connected resonating dike-like bodies, NNW-SSE and NW-SE oriented, extending from sea level to the surface. In addition, we show how tremor, long-period (LP) and very-long-period (VLP) event locations and signatures reflect pressure fluctuations in the plumbing system associated with the ascent/discharge of gas-rich magma linked to the lava fountains. The evidence here reported, also corroborated by ground deformation variations, can help develop a better prediction and early-warning system for those eruptions (effusive or explosive) that apparently manifest no clear precursors.
    Description: Supported by grants from the European Union VOLUME FP6-2004-Global-3
    Description: Published
    Description: Q12021
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: volcano plumbing system ; volcanic tremor ; LP and VLP events ; Mt. Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 26
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    Fissural volcanism, polygenetic volcanic fields, and crustal thickness in the Payen Volcanic Complex on the central Andes foreland (Mendoza, Argentina) (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Shield volcanoes, caldera-bearing stratovolcanoes, and monogenetic cones compose the large fissural Payen Volcanic Complex, located in the Andes foreland between latitude 35°S and 38°S. The late Pliocene-Pleistocene and recent volcanic activity along E-W trending eruptive fissures produced basaltic lavas showing a within-plate geochemical signature. The spatial distribution of fractures and monogenetic vents is characterized by self-similar clustering with well defined power law distributions. Vents have average spacing of 1.27 km and fractal exponent D = 1.33 defined in the range 0.7–49.3 km. The fractal exponent of fractures is 1.62 in the range 1.5–48.1 km. The upper cutoffs of fractures and vent fractal distributions (about 48–49 km) scale to the crustal thickness in the area, as derived from geophysical data. This analysis determines fractured media (crust) thickness associated with basaltic retroarc eruptions. We propose that the Payen Volcanic Complex was and is still active under an E-W crustal shortening regime.
    Description: Published
    Description: Q09002
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: volcanic field ; crustal shortening ; vent distibution ; Andes ; Argentina ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 27
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    P wave tomography of the mantle under the Alpine-Mediterranean area (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We study the upper mantle P wave velocity structure below the Euro-Mediterranean area, down to 1000 km depth, by seismic travel time tomography. We invert summary residuals constructed with both regional and teleseismic first arrival data reported by the International Seismological Centre (ISC) (1964–1995), introducing some alternative strategies in the travel time tomographic approach and a new scheme to correct teleseismic data for global mantle structure. Our high-resolution model PM0.5 is parameterized with three-dimensional (3-D) linear splines on a grid of nodes with 0.5 spacing in both horizontal directions and 50 km vertical spacing. We obtain about 26% root-mean-square (RMS) reduction of residuals by inversion in addition to roughly 31% reduction after summary rays formation and selection. Sensitivity analyses are performed through several test inversions to explore the resolution characteristics of the model at different spatial scales. The distribution of large-scale fast anomalies suggests that two different stages of a convection process presently coexist in very close regions. The mantle dynamics of western central Europe is dominated by blockage of subducted slabs at the 660 km discontinuity and ponding of seismically fast material in the transition zone. Contrarily, in the eastern Mediterranean, fast velocity material sinks into the lower mantle, suggesting that the flow of the cold downwelling here is not blocked by the 660 km discontinuity. On a smaller scale, the existence of tears in the subducted slab (lithospheric detachment) all along both margins of the Adriatic plate, as proposed by some authors, is not supported by our tomographic images.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: travel time ; body wave tomography ; upper mantle ; Europe-Mediterranean area ; Earth structure ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 28
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    How deep can we find the traces of Alpine subduction? (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Slab-like seismic velocity heterogeneities below the Alpine chain, interpreted as subducted lithosphere, are imaged by tomographic studies down to only about 300 km depth. A non-negligible discrepancy therefore exists between tomographic and geological data, the latter indicating at least 500 km of Tertiary convergence at trench. Yet a recently published tomographic study detects a pronounced high velocity anomaly at the bottom of the upper mantle right below the Alpine area. Combining tomographic images of the mantle, geological findings and plate system kinematics, we investigate how the presence of this feature in the transition zone below the Alps can be traced back to the Tertiary Alpine subduction and possibly explain the observed discrepancy. We propose that a part of the fast velocity body now residing just above the 660 km discontinuity once belonged to the Alpine slab, torn off by an event occurred at about 30–35 Ma.
    Description: Published
    Description: L06605
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Alps ; upper mantle ; tomography ; subduction ; break-off ; transition zone ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 29
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    Sea-level fluctuations due to subduction: The role of mantle rheology (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: By means of a stratified viscoelastic Earth model we study the effect of sinking slabs on the dynamic topography, the non-hydrostatic geoid and the long-term sea level variations. Sea level fluctuations due to subduction are found to be sensitive to the nature of the 670 km seismic discontinuity and to the rheological layering of the mantle. The response of our model to both a single subduction and a realistic distribution of slabs is studied by a numerical simulation based on a simplified approach. Consistent with previous results, we find that an upper bound to relative sea level time variations associated with the initiation of a new subduction in the upper mantle is ∼0.1 mm/yr. Relative sea level changes driven by the dynamic readjustment of internal mass heterogeneities may thus be comparable with those attributed to other changes in the tectonic regime on a large scale. This confirms the relevance of subduction as an important contributor to long-term sea level fluctuations.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1587–1590
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: sea level ; geoid ; dynamic topography ; subduction ; viscosity profile ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 30
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    Subduction and the depth of convection in the Mediterranean mantle (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We tie together geological data, paleotectonic reconstruction, plate motion, and tomographic analysis to unravel the history of subduction and back arc extension of the eastern and central Mediterranean. In these two regions, extensional processes started contemporaneously, around 30 Myr ago, but with marked differences. In the eastern region, the Aegean basin opened slowly ( 1 cm/yr) behind a shallow dipping slab (40–45 ). The corresponding high-velocity anomaly extends inside the upper mantle and can be also followed in the midmantle down to a depth of at least 1500 km. Its descent into the midmantle initiated most probably during the Late Cretaceous, and the trench moved northeastward, following the path of the Eurasian plate and under the persistent push of the African plate. Conversely, in the central Mediterranean region, subduction initiated later, and the motion of the subducting slab is confined to the upper mantle, causing punctuated and rapid episodes of back arc extension (Provenc¸al and Tyrrhenian basins) behind a slab that dips steeply (75 ). We explore the causes that control how the slab subducted and interacted with the lower, more viscous part of the mantle.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: subduction ; Mediterranean ; mantle convection ; back-arc extension ; plate motion ; seismic tomography ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 31
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    Geophysical indications of magma uprising at Mt Etna during the December 2005 to January 2006 non-eruptive period (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: During the December 2005-January 2006 non-eruptive period, the tremor amplitude at Etna markedly increased and negatively correlated with the gravity signal from one of the two summit station, over 2-3 hour periods. No correlation was found with the signal from the other gravity station. We locate the tremor source by inverting the spatial distribution of seismic amplitudes. Relying on the relative position of the two stations, we define a volume within which the gravity source must lie. During the period of marked anti-correlation, the tremor sources intersect this volume in a region located 1 km S-SE of the summit craters and about 2 km beneath the surface. This finding suggests that the anti-correlation marks the activation of a joint source process, possibly related to the arrival of fresh magma and the consequent gas separation. Our study has implications for the early recognition of gas segregation processes at active volcanoes.
    Description: Published
    Description: L06305
    Description: 2.6. TTC - Laboratorio di gravimetria, magnetismo ed elettromagnetismo in aree attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: volcanic tremor ; Etna volcano ; gravity changes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.02. Geological and geophysical evidences of deep processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.05. Gravity variations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 32
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    Crustal dynamics of Mount Vesuvius from 1998 to 2005: Effects on seismicity and fluid circulation (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This paper presents the results of hydrogeochemical and seismological studies carried out at Mt. Vesuvius during the period June 1998 – December 2005. Hydrogeochemical data show the occurrence of slowly varying long-term variations in the total dissolved salts and bicarbonate contents of the groundwaters, accompanied by a general decline in water temperatures. The temporal distributions of air temperature and rainfall in the Vesuvius area suggest that these variations do not depend on changes in the hydrological regime. The changes in the geochemical parameters are accompanied by slight variations in both the seismicity rate and energy release. A further relationship between seismic activity and fluid discharge rate is highlighted by a particular episode that occurred in August 2005, when a soil thermal anomaly was observed a few weeks before the occurrence of a very shallow earthquake. Moment-tensor analysis of this earthquake suggests that the most plausible source mechanism is a shear faulting combined with the opening of tensile crack. This feature is often observed in volcanic areas and it is usually related to fluid-/gas-driven rock fracturing. The observed seismological, hydrological, and geochemical temporal changes are interpreted not as changes of the volcanic system, but in terms of an external forcing as identified in the variation of the regional and local stress field acting on the volcano. This study has inferences onto the evaluation of the state of activity of volcanic systems and the eventual detection of unrest phenomena.
    Description: Published
    Description: B05206
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Vesuvius ; seismicity ; fluid circulation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 33
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    Evidence for ground motion polarization on fault zones of mt. etna volcano (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: During local and regional earthquakes, an evident amplification of horizontal ground motion is observed at two seismological stations near the Tremestieri fault, on the southeastern flank of Mt. Etna volcano. Rotated-component spectral ratios show a narrow spectral peak around 4-Hz along a N40°E direction. A conventional polarization analysis using the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix confirms the very stable directional effect enhancing the approximately NE-SW elongation of the horizontal ground motion in the fault zone. The effect is evident during the entire seismogram and independent of source backazimuth as well as distance and depth of earthquakes. The same polarization is observed in ambient noise as well. This consistency allowed us to use microtremors for checking ground motion polarization along and across the Tremestieri fault zone with a high spatial resolution. The result is a stable polarization of horizontal motion in the entire area, interesting a broad frequency band. To check whether this ground motion property is recurrent and understand a possible relationship with fault strike, faulting style, or orientation of fractures, ambient noise was recorded on other mapped faults of the Mt. Etna area, the Moscarello, Acicatena and Pernicana faults. The latter, in particular, is characterized by different strike and faulting style. A systematic tendency of ambient noise to be polarized is found in all of the faults. A picture emerges where normal faults of the eastern flank show a E-W to NE-SW polarization that changes on the Pernicana fault, which develops approximately E-W and is characterized by a prevailing NW-SE to NS polarization. Directions of polarization were never parallel to the fault strike. Moreover, polarization persists too far away from the fault trace, excluding an effect limited to a narrow low velocity zone hosted between harder wall rocks. Both these observations rule out an interpretation in terms of fault-trapped waves. The cause of observed polarizations will be the subject of future studies. However, the consistency with recent results of velocity anisotropy in a part of the investigated area suggests a possible role of attenuation anisotropy on horizontal amplitude variations versus azimuth.
    Description: Published
    Description: B10306
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: polarization ; fault zones ; Etna volcano ; microtremors ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
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    Could the Mw = 9.3 Sumatra Earthquake Trigger a Geomagnetic Jerk? (2008)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The magnetic field observed at the Earth’s surface is not a stationary feature. It is characterized by time variations ranging from milliseconds (micropulsations) to millions of years (the time interval between field reversals). Time variations with periods of a year or longer are related to Earth’s outer core sources, whereas for shorter timescales an external origin is invoked (i.e., solar activity). One of the most interesting time variations of the geomagnetic field is represented by the “geomagnetic jerk.” It is idealized as a rapid change in the slope of the secular variation, defined as the first derivative of the geomagnetic field. This means that the secular variation roughly appears as a series of straightline segments separated by geomagnetic jerks.
    Description: Published
    Description: 123
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: 3.4. Geomagnetismo
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Sumatra Earthquake ; Geomagnetic Jerk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.02. Geomagnetic field variations and reversals ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 35
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    Convergence vs. retreat in Southern Tyrrhenian Sea: Insights from kinematics (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The Tyrrhenian Sea is an extensional basin opened by trench retreat and back-arc extension during subduction of the Calabrian slab in the last 10–12 My. Subduction is still active beneath the SEmost part of the Tyrrhenian Sea, as testified by seismicity down to 500 km depth. By analyzing seismicity and geodetic data, together with recent tomographic images, we define the present-day situation. An evident N-S compressional regime prevails in the Tyrrhenian region west of the Aeolian archipelago, while east of them a NNW-SSE extension is documented by focal mechanisms and GPS data, with a much smaller strain rate with respect to the past. The transition between these two domains is accommodated by a N-S discontinuity zone which runs from Aeolian Islands to Mt. Etna with an extensional to strike-slip deformation.
    Description: Published
    Description: L06611
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: geodynamics ; seismotectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 36
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    Possibili correlazioni tra attività sismica profonda e fenomeni vulcanici all'Etna (2007)
    Giardini Editore
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the text
    Description: Gruppo Nazionale per la Vulcanologia
    Description: Published
    Description: Roma
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: open
    Keywords: deep earthquakes ; Mt. Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
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  • 37
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    End of subduction in northern Apennines confirmed by observations of quasi-Love waves from the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Surface waves from the great Sumatra-Andaman earthquakes of 2004 and 2005 that cross Italy south of 44 N display Love-to-Rayleigh scattered waves (quasi- Love phases) diagnostic of sharp lateral gradients in the anisotropic properties of Earth’s upper mantle. Surface waves that traverse Italy further north lack this distinctive phase, documenting a change in the upper mantle fabric that is corroborated by a shift in the fast polarization of shear wave birefringence. These observations suggest that orogen-parallel asthenospheric extension behind the retreating Apennines slab has limited geographical expression. We hypothesize that subduction rollback currently terminates at 44 N, while the upper mantle flow pattern further to the north has been recently rearranged.
    Description: Published
    Description: L04304
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: surface wave ; Sumatra earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
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  • 38
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    The July-August 2000 seismic swarms at Campi Flegrei volcanic complex, Italy (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Two swarms of microearthquakes (ML ≤ 2.2), occurred on July 2-7 and August 22, 2000 at Campi Flegrei, accompained by a ground uplift episode (4 cm) which interrupted on early March 2000 the descending trend started on 1985. Spectral analysis indicates a direct involvement of magmatic/hydrothermal fluids in the source process of the July swarm, while the August events are typical of shear failure, similar to most of the earthquakes that occurred during the last (1982-1984) bradyseismic crisis. Precise 3-D relative location applied to similar earthquakes allows for the recognition of two parallel alignments trending NE-SW at depths of 1.7 and 3.2 Km. This trend is consistent with the direction of the main focal plane obtained from fault plane solutions and evidences tensile failure in close proximity to the zone of maximum uplift as depicted by geodetic measurements. A fault weakening mechanism triggered by increasing pore pressure is invoked as the cause of these earthquakes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2525-2528
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Campi Flegrei ; seismic swarm ; earthquakes locations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
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  • 39
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    Etna: seismic propagative effects and waveform composition (2007)
    Giardini Editore
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the text
    Description: Published
    Description: 11-15
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: open
    Keywords: anisotropy ; Mt. Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 40
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    L'anisotropia sismica all'Etna: problematiche connesse e relazioni col campo di stress (2007)
    Giardini Editore
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the text
    Description: Gruppo Nazionale per la Vulcanologia
    Description: Published
    Description: Roma
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: open
    Keywords: anisotropy ; Mt. Etna ; stress field ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 41
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    Volcanic tremor location during the 2004 Mount Etna lava effusion (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: A lava emission started at Mt. Etna, Italy, on 7 September, 2004. Neither earthquake seismicity heralded or accompanied the opening of the fracture field from which the lava poured out, nor volcanic tremor changed in amplitude and frequency content at the onset of the effusive activity. To highlight long-term changes, we propose a method for the location of the tremor source based on a 3D grid search, using the amplitude decay of the seismic signal, from January to November 2004. We find the centroid of the tremor source within a zone close to and partially overlapped with the summit craters (pre-effusive phase), which extended up to 2 km south of them (effusive phase). The depths are of between 1698 and 2387 m a.s.l. We hypothesize the lava effusion stemmed from a degassed magma body, although we find evidence of temporary magma overpressure conditions, such as those documented on 25 September.
    Description: Published
    Description: L09304
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: NONE ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 42
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    Seismological insight into the kinematics of the 5 April 2003 vulcanian explosion at Stromboli volcano (southern Italy) (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: On 5 April 2003 at 07:13 GMT (09:13 local time) a violent vulcanian explosion occurred at Stromboli volcano. At the time of the event an eruptive crisis was ongoing at the volcano with a lava flow outpouring along the Sciara del Fuoco flank. The seismic signals related to the event were recorded by 8 permanent broadband stations and gives information about the eruption kinematics. An ultra-longperiod signal (period 〉 20 s), that we interpret as the effect of the ground tilt on the broadband sensors, starts about 4 min before and terminates about 1 min after the explosion. On the basis of the radial pattern of tilt directions we conclude that this signal is the effect of the deformation of the volcanic edifice, due to the rapid rising of a batch of magma, its ejection and the magma column readjustment. About 1 min before the explosion we observe an high frequency signal (period 〈 0.1 s) that we believe to be related to the vesiculation of the rising batch of gas-rich magma. At 07:13:35 GMT a powerful very-long-period signal (period 2 20 s), marking the onset of the explosive fragmentation, is recorded. This is confirmed by a blast wave following few seconds later. The remaining seismic signal (more than 3 min), shows an higher frequency content being related only to the fall of ballistic ejecta and to landslides along Sciara del Fuoco.We propose the implementation of an early warning system for the short-term forecast of such explosions, based on the real-time automatic detection of the tilt signals preceding such events.
    Description: Published
    Description: L08308
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: NONE ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
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  • 43
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    Structural and seismological features of the 1989 syn-eruptive NNW-SSE fracture system at Mt. Etna (2007)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the text
    Description: Published
    Description: 1545-1548
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: anisotropy ; eruptive fracture ; Mt. Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 44
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    Cooperation on Congo Volcanic and Environmental Risks (2007)
    AGU
    In:  Citation: Tedesco, D., et al. (2007), Cooperation on Congo Volcanic and Environmental Risks, Eos Trans. AGU, 88(16), 177.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-09
    Description: Article
    Description: On 17 January 2002, the Nyiragongo volcano (1.52°S, 29.25°E, 3469 meters above sea level), located about 18 kilometers north of Lake Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo, erupted, releasing a volume of 14-34 million cubic meters of lava. Lava flows originated from north-south oriented fractures that rapidly developed along the southern flank of the volcano. Two lava flows divided the nearby city of Goma (~500,000 people) into two parts, forcing a rapid exodus of the population into Rwanda. One of these lava flows ran into Lake Kivu, encroaching 60 meters below lake level with a submerged lava volume of 1 million cubic meters. About 15% of the town was directly affected, leaving approximately 120,000 people homeless. At least 170 people died as a direct consequence of the eruption
    Description: American Geophysical Union
    Description: Published
    Description: 177-188
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Volcanology ; Telemetered Seismic Network ; Effusive volcanism ; Volcanology ; Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 45
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    Mantle wedge dynamics vs crustal seismicity in the Apennines (Italy) (2006)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the Apennines subduction (Italy), earthquakes mainly occur within overriding plate, along the chain axis. The events concentrate in the upper 15 km of the crust above the mantle wedge and focal solutions indicate normal faulting. In the foreland, the seismogenic volume affects the upper 35 km of the crust. Focal solutions indicate prevailing reverse faulting in the northern foreland and strike-slip faulting in the southern one. The deepening of the seismogenic volume from the chain axis to the foreland follows the deepening of the Moho and isotherms. The seismicity above the mantle wedge is associated with uplift of the chain axial zone, volcanism, high CO2 flux, and extension. The upward pushing of the asthenospheric mantle and the mantle-derived, CO2-rich fluids trapped within the crust below the chain axis causes this seismicity. All these features indicate that the axial zone of Apennines is affected by early rifting processes. In northern Italy, the widespread and deeper seismicity in the foreland reflects active accretion processes. In the southern foreland, the observed dextral strike-slip faulting and the lack of reverse focal solutions suggest that accretion processes are not active at present. In our interpretation of the Apennines subduction, the shallower seismicity of the overriding plate is due to the dynamics (uprising and eastward migration) of the asthenospheric wedge.
    Description: Published
    Description: Q02013
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Apenninnes ; crustal seismicity ; rifting ; subduction ; fluids ; geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes
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  • 46
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    Insight into Mt. Etna (Italy) kinematics during the 2002–2003 eruption as inferred from seismic stress and strain tensors (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Seismic activity linked to the 2002–03 Mt. Etna eruption was investigated by analyzing the Md 〉 2.3 earthquakes. The results of 3D relocation were used to compute fault plane solutions and a selected dataset was inverted to determine stress and strain tensors. The analysis revealed a complex kinematic response of the eastern flank dominated by fast stress propagation and reorientation. We hypothesize that a vertical dike intruded the southern flank, generating an extensional regime that triggered a radial intrusion in the northeast sector of the volcano. The combined effects gave rise to a rotation of the stress tensor that controlled the activation of the Pernicana fault system. The volcanic and tectonic interactions produced a second reorientation of the stress tensor, causing a structural response in the southeast lower flank. The overall result of the deformation processes observed during the eruption was an E-W extension on the eastern flank of the volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Seismology: Seismicity and seismotectonics ; Seismology: Volcano seismology ; Volcanology: Eruption mechanisms ; Volcanology: Magma migration ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
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  • 47
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    High-precision locations of the microseismicity preceding the 2002–2003 Mt. Etna eruption (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: To recognize possible signals of intrusive processes leading to the last 2002–2003 flank eruption at Mt. Etna, we analyzed the spatial pattern of microseismicity between August 2001 and October 2002 and calculated 23 fault plane solutions (FPSs) for shocks with magnitude greater than 2.5. By applying the double-difference approach of Waldhauser and Ellsworth [2000] on 3D locations, we found that most of the scattered epicentral locations further collapse in roughly linear features. High-precision locations evidenced a distribution of earthquakes along two main alignments, oriented NE-SW to ENE-WSW and NW-SE, matching well both with the known tectonic and volcanic lineaments of Etna and FPSs results. Moreover, microseismicity and swarms located along the NNW-SSE volcano-genetic trend suggest, together with geodetic data and volcanological evidence that progressive magma refilling has occurred since February 2002.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-4
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Seismology: Earthquake dynamics and mechanics ; Seismology: Earthquake parameters ; Seismology: Volcano seismology ; Volcanology: Eruption monitoring ; Volcanology: Magma migration. ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
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  • 48
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    Paroxysmal summit activity at Mt. Etna (Italy) monitored through continuous soil radon measurements (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Soil radon emissions have been proved as a useful tool for predicting earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and furthermore aided in determining the location of active faults. Continuous radon monitoring was carried out near Southeast Crater of Mt. Etna in September–November 1998, during a period of frequent eruptive episodes at that crater. Radon anomalies were detected when eruptive episodes and the accompanying volcanic tremor became increasingly intense: no anomalies in radon activity were observed during the first five, and weaker, eruptive episodes, whereas significant spikes in radon activity preceded the latter five episodes by ≥46 hours. This probably reflects increased gas leakage through fractures intersecting the shallow plumbing system, as gas pressure in the Southeast Crater conduit became higher with time. Radon monitoring thus might serve to better understand eruptive mechanisms and possible precursors, making further studies in this field a promising perspective.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-4
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Seismology: Volcano seismology ; Structural Geology: Role of fluids ; Volcanology: Volcano monitoring ; Volcanology: Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
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  • 49
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    Shallow intrusive processes during 2002–2004 and current volcanic activity on Mt. Etna (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The understanding of shallow intrusive processes during 2002–2004, as well as the causes of the volcano-tectonic seismicity, has been improved at Mt. Etna by comparing the inversion results from GPS data with accurate 3D hypocentral locations. Our findings indicate that short periods of deflation (about six months) were followed by recharging phases after the end of both the 2001 and 2002–2003 flank eruptions. During the last recharging phase (June 2003–August 2004), modeling results and seismic observations suggest a composite mechanism of re-injection of magma into the rift-zones (S and NE), similar to that leading to the 2002–2003 flank eruption, which could have triggered the summit eruption started on September 7, 2004.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-4
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Volcanology: Magma migration and fragmentation ; Seismology: Earthquake interaction, forecasting, and prediction ; Seismology: Seismicity and tectonics ; Volcanology: Volcano monitoring ; Volcanology: Eruption mechanisms and flow emplacement ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
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    Seismological evidence of stress induced by dike injection during the 2001 Mt. Etna eruption (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: A selected dataset of 151 events, leading the July 17–August 9, 2001 lateral eruption at Mt. Etna volcano, has been analyzed for three-dimensional hypocenter locations, focal mechanisms and stress tensor inversions. The seismic pattern provided indications for two main spatial clusters of foci located along and eastwards of the 2001 Mt. Etna eruptive fractures system. The 151 fault plane solutions (mostly strike slip) were inverted for stress tensor parameters, and space variations of seismogenic stress orientations have been identified. The stress inversion results and the axi-symmetric orientation of P-axes, in the region surrounding the modeled dike, well support the evidence of a unique stress source in agreement with the ground deformation results.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-4
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Seismology: Volcano seismology ; Volcanology: Eruption mechanisms ; Volcanology: Magma migration ; Volcanology: Eruption monitoring. ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 490 bytes
    Format: 2920311 bytes
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  • 51
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    Coupling of eruptions and earthquakes at Mt. Etna (Sicily, Italy): A case study from the 1981 and 2001 events (2005)
    AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Changes in Coulomb failure stress (ΔCFS) induced by dike propagation during two flank eruptions on Mt. Etna (1981 and 2001) are calculated for the most seismically active faults on the east slope of the volcano (the right-lateral Timpe fault system, oriented NNW-SSE, and the left-lateral Pernicana fault, oriented E-W). Calculations performed using Coulomb 2.5 software indicate that intrusion of a NNW dike on the NW side of the volcano (1981 eruption) rises ΔCFS on both the Timpe and Pernicana faults. In contrast, intrusion of a N-S dike at high elevation on the south flank (2001 eruption) rises ΔCFS only on Timpe fault System. These results are compatible with the observed pattern of seismicity, but emphasize an extremely heterogeneous state of stress on the east flank of the volcano.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-4
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Seismology: Earthquake interaction, forecasting, and prediction ; Seismology: Volcano seismology ; Tectonophysics: Stresses: crust and lithosphere ; Volcanology: Magma migration and fragmentation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 490 bytes
    Format: 288903 bytes
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  • 52
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    Automatic versus manual model differentiation to compute sensitivities and solve non-linear inverse problems (2002)
    3
    In:  Computers and Geosciences, Münster, 3, vol. 28, no. 45, pp. 309-326, pp. L11609, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Inversion ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Non-linear effects ; Discrimination ; C&G
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 53
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    The solution of linear equations by the conjugate gradient method (1967)
    Wiley
    In:  Mathematical Methods for Digital Computers, Volume 1, Sapporo, Japan, Wiley, vol. 17, no. 16, pp. 211-236, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1967
    Keywords: Inversion
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 54
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    Die Lösung linearer Gleichungen nach der Methode der konjugierten Gradienten (1967)
    Wiley
    In:  Mathematische Methoden für Digitalrechner, Sapporo, Japan, Wiley, vol. 1, no. 16, pp. 106-126, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1967
    Keywords: Inversion
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
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