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  • Articles  (500)
  • Humans  (500)
  • 1975-1979  (500)
Collection
  • Articles  (500)
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  • 1
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    Reversible cerebral atrophy in recently abstinent chronic alcoholics measured by computed tomography scans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-02
    Description: Eight chronic alcoholics received repeated computed tomography scans. Four, who maintained abstinence and functionally improved, showed partially reversible cerebral atrophy. Two nonabstinent patients and two abstinent patients who had completed functional improvement before the first scan showed no change in atrophy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Wortzman, G -- Holgate, R C -- Wilkinson, D A -- Rankin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Alcoholism/*pathology/radiography/therapy ; Atrophy ; Brain/*pathology/radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Frog perspective on the morphological difference between humans and chimpanzees (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: The body shapes of humans and chimpanzees were compared quantitatively by criteria chosen for their capacity to discriminate well among the body shapes of frogs. By these criteria, the difference in body shape between humans and chimpanzees was found to be greater than that between the most dissimilar pairs of frogs examined--that is, frogs classified in separate taxonomic suborders. Even though the morphological diffference between the two primates is large by frog standards, the biochemical differences between the structural genes of these two species are small. The results of this study give quantitative support to the proposal that morphological evolution and biochemical evolution in structural genes can proceed at independent rates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cherty, L M -- Case, S M -- Wilson, A C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):209-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635583" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthropometry ; Anura/*anatomy & histology ; *Biological Evolution ; Biometry ; Genes ; Humans ; Pan troglodytes/*anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Relative risks of saccharin and calorie ingestion (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: The risk of a person getting cancer from ingesting saccharin is compared with the risk of ingesting additional calories which cause excess body weight. It is found that, for a person who is 10% overweight, the risk of ingesting one diet soft drink, which would cause a decrease in life expectancy of 9 seconds, is approximately equal to the risk of ingesting one additional kilocalorie; that is, if ingesting a diet drink inhibits ingestion of more than 1 kilocalorie, its benefits exceed its risks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):983.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622580" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Diet ; *Energy Intake ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Obesity/*etiology ; Risk ; Saccharin/*adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Pontine reticular formation neurons and motor activity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):207-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Reticular Formation/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    The road from research to new diagnosis and therapy (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Comroe, J H Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):931-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644335" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cardiac Surgical Procedures/history ; *Diagnosis ; Drug Evaluation ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Education, Medical, Continuing ; Humans ; Peer Review ; Periodicals as Topic ; Preventive Medicine ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; Terminology as Topic ; *Therapeutics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    The quality of medical care (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: This article classifies the major approaches to the assessment of the process and outcomes of medical care. The apparent need to safeguard and enhance the quality of care has led to the institution of mechanisms that subject care to constant review so that deficiencies may be found and corrected. The article reviews the developments that led to the involvement of the federal government in this activity through its sponsorship of professional standards review organizations (PSRO's). The major features of the PSRO's are described and their possible effects discussed. It is too early to say how the PSRO's will fare, but should they fail to accomplish their objectives the pressure for more radical solutions will be difficult to resist.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Donabedian, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):856-64.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417400" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Computers ; Concurrent Review ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Humans ; Medical Records/standards ; Methods ; Peer Review ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Professional Review Organizations/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/standards ; *Quality of Health Care ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Hepatitis B virus and sex ratio of offspring (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drew, J S -- London, W T -- Lustbader, E D -- Hesser, J E -- Blumberg, B S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 25;201(4357):687-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/566954" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Birth Order ; Cross Reactions ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Graft Survival ; Hepatitis B/immunology/*physiopathology/transmission ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Sex Factors ; *Sex Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Delayed hypersensitivity in man: effects of systemic anticoagulation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: Skin test reactivity, lymphocyte transformation, and mononuclear cell tissue factor generation were evaluated both before and during systemic anticoagulation in 24 volunteers. Anticoagulation with warfarin decreased skin test induration and tissue factor generation, but lymphocyte trnasformation remained unchanged. An intact coagulation mechanism, including tissue factor generation, appears to be important for the development of skin test induration in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Edwards, R L -- Rickles, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):541-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Antigens ; Fibrin/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed/*physiopathology ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Mitogens ; Skin Tests ; Thromboplastin/*biosynthesis ; Tuberculin ; Warfarin/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Lymphocyte ecto-5'-nucleotidase deficiency in agammaglobulinemia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes from eight patients with congenital agammaglobulinemia demonstrate reduced ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity when compared to the mean activity of normal subjects and patients with other forms of immunoglobulin deficiency. A specific defect of ecto-5'-nucleotidase is further suggested by normal values for lymphocyte ecto-adenosinetriphosphatase and ecto-nonspecific phosphatase. The data provide evidence for an enzyme deficiency in this X-linked, B lymphocyte deficiency syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Edwards, N L -- Magilavy, D B -- Cassidy, J T -- Fox, I H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):628-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agammaglobulinemia/*enzymology/genetics ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; IgA Deficiency ; Lymphocytes/*enzymology ; Male ; Nucleotidases/blood/*deficiency ; Rosette Formation ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; X Chromosome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Norepinephrine in chronic paranoid schizophrenia: above-normal levels in limbic forebrain (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: In postmortem examination of brains of four patients with chronic paranoid schizophrenia, above-normal norepinephrine levels were measured in the ventral septum, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the nucleus accumbens, and the mammillary bodies. No changes were detected in other limbic forebrain regions, including the hypothalamus and the medial olfactory (preoptic) area. The results point to the possibility of a malfunction of limbic noradrenergic mechanisms in schizophrenia, especially the paranoid variety.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farley, I J -- Price, K S -- McCullough, E -- Deck, J H -- Hordynski, W -- Hornykiewicz, O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):456-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644310" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Limbic System/*metabolism ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism ; Preoptic Area/metabolism ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy/*metabolism ; Suicide ; Tranquilizing Agents/therapeutic use
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Population, food intake, and fertility. There is historical evidence for a direct effect of nutrition on reproductive ability (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frisch, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):22-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Population Sciences and Center for Population Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569482" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Birth Intervals ; Birth Rate ; Contraceptive Devices ; *Diet ; England ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; *Fertility ; Growth ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; Male ; *Malnutrition ; Menarche ; Menopause ; Scotland ; Social Class ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Warfare
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Right-left asymmetrics in the brain (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: Structural asymmetries between the hemispheres are found in the human brain. Asymmetries in the auditory regions and in the Sylvian fissures are present even in the fetus. The Sylvian asymmetries may have existed in Neanderthal man and are found consistently in some apes. They may relate to right-left differences infunction. Thus, the striking auditory asymmetries could underlie language lateralization. The asymmetries in the frontal and occipital lobes and the lateral ventricles are correlated with hand preference. Anatomical asymmetries may help to explain the range of human talents, recovery from acquired disorders of language function, certain childhood learning disabilities, some dementing illnesses of middle life, and the evidence for behavioral lateralization in nonhuman primates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Galaburda, A M -- LeMay, M -- Kemper, T L -- Geschwind, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):852-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/341314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*anatomy & histology/physiology/radiography ; Cerebral Cortex/anatomy & histology ; Dementia/etiology ; Dyslexia/etiology ; Fossils ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Primates/anatomy & histology ; Pyramidal Tracts/anatomy & histology ; Temporal Lobe/anatomy & histology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    Bone marrow origin of hepatic macrophages (Kupffer cells) in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: Hepatic macrophages (Kupffer cells) from two male recipients of bone marrow transplants from females were studied for fluorescent Y body staining and sex chromatin (Barr body). After the transplant, macrophages had the sex karyotype of the donor, indicating that human hepatic macrophages originate in bone marrow.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gale, R P -- Sparkes, R S -- Golde, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):937-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/356266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; *Bone Marrow Cells ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease/immunology ; Humans ; Kupffer Cells/*cytology ; Male ; Transplantation, Homologous
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Detection of bityrosine in cataractous human lens protein (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: Bityrosine was isolated from the insoluble protein of human cataractous lenses. Identification was based on correspondence with synthetic bityrosine with respect to chromatography, fluorescence, and ultraviolet and mass spectra. It is suggested that the compound may form cross-links with polypeptide chains in old and cataractous lenses, causing significant alteration in native protein structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garcia-Castineiras, S -- Dillon, J -- Spector, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):897-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cataract ; Crystallins/*analysis ; Dipeptides/*analysis ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline/*analysis ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Tyrosine/*analogs & derivatives/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    Thrombin-induced platelet aggregation is mediated by a platelet plasma membrane-bound lectin (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Throbin-activated human platelets cause agglutination of trypsinized, formalinized bovine erythrocytes. This lectin activity of stimulated platelets was blocked by galactosamine, glucosamine, mannosamine, lysine, and arginine, but not by N-acetylated sugars, other neutral sugars, or other amino acids. Inhibitors of the thrombin-induced lectin activity also blocked thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. It appears that a membrane surface component that has lectin activity mediates platelet aggregation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gartner, T K -- Williams, D C -- Minion, F C -- Phillips, D R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1281-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Agglutinins ; Amino Acids/pharmacology ; Amino Sugars/pharmacology ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cytochalasin B/pharmacology ; *Hemagglutinins ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/blood ; Platelet Aggregation/*drug effects ; Prostaglandins E/pharmacology ; Species Specificity ; Thrombin/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Precocious cardiac orienting in a human anencephalic infant (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-20
    Description: An anencephalic infant, 3 to 6 weeks old, responded to acoustic stimulation with cardiac decelerations typical of the response pattern seen in normal, older infants. Such precocity implies unexpected competence of lower brain structures and suggests that, in the normal infant, feedback from immature higher centers may sometimes interfere with rather than modulate the functioning of lower centers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graham, F K -- Leavitt, L A -- Strock, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 20;199(4326):322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619460" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Age Factors ; Anencephaly/*physiopathology ; *Behavior/physiology ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic/physiology ; *Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Orientation/physiology ; Reflex/physiology ; Sleep/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    Morton's ranking of races by cranial capacity. Unconscious manipulation of data may be a scientific norm (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: Samuel George Morton, self-styled objective empiricist, amassed the world's largest pre-Darwinian collection of human skulls. He measured their capacity and produced the results anticipated in an age when few Caucasians doubted their innate superiority: whites above Indians, blacks at the bottom. Morton published all his raw data, and it is shown here that his summary tables are based on a patchwork of apparently unconscious finagling. When his data are properly reinterpreted, all races have approximately equal capacities. Unconscious or dimly perceived finagling is probably endemic in science, since scientists are human beings rooted in cultural contexts, not automatons directed toward external truth.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gould, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):503-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/347573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Continental Ancestry Group ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cephalometry/*history ; *Continental Population Groups ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Indians, North American ; Indians, South American ; *Intelligence ; Male ; Sex Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Research involving human subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: This article reports a study of the activities and performance of institutional review boards to protect human research subjects. Researchers and institutional review board members were generally supportive of the review system, although substantial criticisms were also heard. Institutional review boards had some direct impact on half of the proposals reviewed by requiring either modification of or additional information about proposed research. The data, however, raise questions about the effectiveness of some review board actions, for example, with regard to informed consent. Some policy implications of the study are presented.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gray, B H -- Cooke, R A -- Tannenbaum, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1094-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/356268" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Behavioral Research ; Bioethics ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Consent Forms ; *Ethical Review ; *Ethics Committees, Research ; *Human Experimentation ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; *Research/standards ; Risk ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Phosphorylated proteins as physiological effectors (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: A variety of neurotransmitters, hormones, and other regulatory agents affect the phosphorylation of specific proteins in their target tissues. The types of stimuli that share this common effect on protein phosphorylation include numerous substances that do not act through cyclic AMP. These and other observations suggest that many different classes of regulatory substances achieve certain of their biological effects by altering the phosphorylation of specific proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greengard, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):146-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22932" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Cyclic GMP/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Hormones/*metabolism ; Humans ; Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism
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    Recombinant DNA legislation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, Philip H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):135.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643428" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *DNA, Recombinant ; *Government Regulation ; Humans ; *Legislation as Topic ; Research Personnel ; *Social Control, Formal ; Social Control, Informal
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  • 21
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    Early maternal separation increases gastric ulcer risk in rats by producing a latent thermoregulatory disturbance (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: Rat pups that are separated early from their mothers, at postnatal day 15, become hypothermic when subjected to physical restraint on postnatal day 30. Restraint of separated pups also elicits an unusually high incidence of gastric erosions, as well as insomnia and an increase in quiet wakefulness. If hypothermia during restraint is prevented, neither the erosions nor the behavioral responses occur. Rat pups separated at the customary age (postnatal day 22) do not become hypothermic during restraint, and the restraint of such pups is not associated with either gastric erosion or insomnia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ackerman, S H -- Hofer, M A -- Weiner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):373-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/566471" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Arousal/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; Food Deprivation ; Humans ; *Maternal Deprivation ; Rats ; Restraint, Physical ; Sleep/physiology ; Stomach Ulcer/*etiology ; *Stress, Psychological/physiology ; Wakefulness/physiology
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  • 22
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    Endorphins: naloxone fails to alter experimental pain or mood in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: In 30 human subjects, experimental pain was produced by either ischemia or cold-water immersion. In a double-blind procedure, intravenous doses of up to 10 milligrams of naloxone hydrochloride in saline were indistinguishable from similarly administered saline alone. There were no effects on subjective pain ratings, finger plethysmograph recordings, or responses to mood-state questionnaires. These laboratory procedures do not activate any functionally significant pain-attenuating or mood-altering effect of endorphins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grevert, P -- Goldstein, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1093-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/343250" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; Double-Blind Method ; Emotions/*drug effects ; Endorphins/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Pain/*physiopathology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
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  • 23
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    Spinal fluid differences in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-20
    Description: The spinal fluid of sheep with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis contains myelin basic protein (6 to 18 nanograms per milliliter) bound to antibody as well as excess free antibody. This bound myelin basic protein appeared concurrently with the onset of the disease and remained elevated until death. In contrast, in active multiple sclerosis, the spinal fluid contains free myelin basic protein and there are no detectable levels of antibody. The results indicate that the antibodies enter the spinal fluid from the serum by passive diffusion. This mechanism may also explain the presence of viral antibodies in the spinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gutstein, H S -- Cohen, S R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 20;199(4326):301-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619457" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Autoantibodies/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Humans ; Multiple Sclerosis/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Myelin Proteins/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Sheep
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  • 24
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    Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide splitting enzyme: a characteristic of the mouse macrophage (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: Murine macrophages are endowed with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide splitting activity that is markedly higher than that of other cells, tissues, or organs of the mouse. This enzyme therefore can be used as a biochemical marker for distinguishing macrophages from other cells of the lymphoreticular system and from polymorphonuclear leukocytes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Artman, M -- Seeley, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1293-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214853" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ascitic Fluid/enzymology ; B-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Blood Platelets/enzymology ; Bone Marrow/enzymology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes/enzymology ; Macrophages/*enzymology ; Mice ; Monocytes/enzymology ; NAD+ Nucleosidase/*metabolism ; Neutrophils/enzymology ; Spleen/enzymology ; T-Lymphocytes/enzymology ; Tissue Distribution
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    Behavioral neurochemistry: neuroregulators and behavioral states (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: There is compelling evidence that behavioral events after neurochemical function and that altered neurochemical function can change behavior. Such processes have been related both to neurotransmitters and to neuromodulators, together termed neuroregulators. Available research tools and theoretical constructs have begun to permit studies of certain types of behavior, primarily those related to emotional states and drives. This work is changing long-held concepts about severe mental disorders and the treatment of them.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barchas, J D -- Akil, H -- Elliott, G R -- Holman, R B -- Watson, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):964-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Cell Communication ; Depression/physiopathology ; Endorphins/physiology ; Enkephalins/physiology ; Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/physiopathology ; *Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology ; Synapses/physiology
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    Decrease of human serum fucosyltransferase as an indicator of successful tumor therapy (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-29
    Description: Surgical removal of colon carcinomas leads to a decrease in the rate of incorporation of [14C]fucose into its endogenous acceptor in human serum; normal incorporation rates are attained within 14 days. A similar time course has been determined for alpha2- and alpha3-fucosyltransferase when either desialo- or desialodegalactofetuin are employed as exogenous acceptors. A correlation has also been seen between transferase activity and the therapeutic response of patients with breast cancer. These results indicate that the determination of fucosyltransferase activity can facilitate the diagnosis of neoplasia, and the success of surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bauer, C H -- Reutter, W G -- Erhart, K P -- Kottgen, E -- Gerok, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1232-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/*therapy ; Carcinoma/blood/*surgery ; Colonic Neoplasms/blood/*surgery ; Female ; Fucosyltransferases/*blood ; Hexosyltransferases/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
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    Abnormal auditory evoked potentials in early infancy malnutrition (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-08-04
    Description: Computer-averaged auditory evoked potentials were found to be abnormal in infants hospitalized because of severe malnutrition (marasmus). They improved as the infants' somatic growth improved during the course of treatment, but were still deviant at the time of discharge from the hospital and at subsequent outpatient follow-up. Abnormalities in evoked potentials may reflect a long-lasting effect of malnutrition on brain function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnet, A B -- Weiss, I P -- Sotillo, M V -- Ohlrich, E S -- Shkurovich, M -- Cravioto, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 4;201(4354):450-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Cortex/*physiopathology ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Electroencephalography ; *Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Protein-Energy Malnutrition/*physiopathology ; Sex Factors ; Sleep/physiology
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  • 28
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    Inherited medullary thyroid carcinoma: a final monoclonal mutation in one of multiple clones of susceptible cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Inherited medullary thyroid carcinomas contain one form of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in black female patients who are mosaic in normal tissues for G6PD types A and B. The same individual may have several tumors each containing either G6PD A or G6PD B. The data suggest that the inherited defect is an initial mutation producing multiple clones of defective cells; each tumor then arises as a final mutation in one clone of these cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baylin, S B -- Hsu, S H -- Gann, D S -- Smallridge, R C -- Wells, S A Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma/enzymology/*genetics ; Clone Cells/enzymology ; Female ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/*genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Isoenzymes/*genetics/metabolism ; Mosaicism ; *Mutation ; Thyroid Neoplasms/enzymology/*genetics
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    Pupillometric signs of brain activation vary with level of cognitive processing (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: The idea that hierarchically higher brain processes require greater amounts of central nervous system vigilance or activation for their execution was tested in two experiments measuring pupillary dilation during the decision interval of a hierarchically structured letter-matching task. Larger dilations indicative of increased activation were observed for letter pairs requiring higher levels of processing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beatty, J -- Wagoner, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; Decision Making/physiology ; Humans ; Information Theory ; Pupil/*physiology
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    Lymphocyte function of Michigan dairy farmers exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: Michigan dairy farm residents ate farm products containing polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's) after the accidential contamination of animal feed with the chemical in that state in 1973. The circulating blood lymphocytes of these residents show significant changes. Abnormalities include decreases in the numbers and percentages of peripheral blood lymphocytes that form rosettes with either sheep erythrocytes alone or with sheep erythrocytes sensitized with antibody and complement, increases in lymphocytes with no detectable surface markers ("null" cells), and altered responses to tests designed to evaluate functional integrity of the cells. There appears to be no consistent correlation between the concentration of PBB's in the plasma and the altered lymphocytes. Studies showed that in Wisconsin dairy farm residents and healthy individuals in the New York area who were not exposed to PBB's there were no such abnormalities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bekesi, J G -- Holland, J F -- Anderson, H A -- Fischbein, A S -- Rom, W -- Wolff, M S -- Selikoff, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1207-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Biphenyl Compounds/*pharmacology ; Complement System Proteins/metabolism ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Lectins ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Michigan ; Monocytes/physiology ; Polybrominated Biphenyls/blood/*pharmacology ; Rosette Formation ; Rural Health ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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    Medical treatment of mental illness (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Psychotherapeutic drugs have dramatically improved the prognosis for patients with severe mental illness. The drug treatments are not a panacea. The medications sometimes cause irreversible side effects, and they are not helpful for all patients. They allow large numbers of individuals to leave the hospital, but to return to communities that are often poorly prepared to provide continuing care. Despite their limitations, psychotherapeutic drugs relieve a great deal of human suffering. They also involve psychiatry in modern biological science. This has led to the continuing search for more effective medications based on the study of possible biochemical substrates of psychiatric disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Berger, P A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):974-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25487" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Bipolar Disorder/physiopathology ; Brain/drug effects ; Depression/physiopathology ; Drug Evaluation ; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/etiology ; Ethics, Medical ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Lithium/therapeutic use ; Mental Disorders/*drug therapy ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology
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    Learned taste aversions in children receiving chemotherapy (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Children with neoplastic diseases were offered an unusual ice cream before their drug treatments. Patients experiencing gastrointestinal toxicity due to the drugs were subsequently less likely to choose that ice cream again than controls. This suggests that taste aversions induced by drug-associated symptoms may contribute to the appetite loss experienced by cancer patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernstein, I L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1302-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Anorexia/chemically induced ; *Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects ; Cytarabine/adverse effects ; Digestive System/drug effects ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Humans ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Taste/physiology ; Vincristine/adverse effects
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    alpha1-Antitrypsin: the presence of excess mannose in the Z variant isolated from liver (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-29
    Description: The Z variant of alpha1-antitrypsin was isolated by a new technique from the liver of a patient homozygous for the Z allele of the protease inhibitor locus. The material was homogenous and antigenically competent but had no protease inhibiting capacity. An interesting correlation was found between the subcellular localization and the carbohydrate composition of the Z variant from liver. Carbohydate analysis of this glycoprotein showed an absence of galactose and sialic acid, an appreciable decrease in N-acetylglucosamine, and an almost twofold increase in mannose residues. These data indicate a considerable slowdown in the processing of the oligosaccharides of liver Z variant. In spite of the absence of sialyl residues, the liver Z varant was microheterogeneous by analytical isoelectric focusing. The isoproteins of liver Z variant coincided with those of asialo M variant in the focusing field.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hercz, A -- Katona, E -- Cutz, E -- Wilson, J R -- Barton, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1229-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/308696" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Female ; Galactose/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/genetics ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Mannose/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Sialic Acids/metabolism ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/*genetics/metabolism
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    S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase is an adenosine-binding protein: a target for adenosine toxicity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: When adenosine deaminase activity is inhibited, low concentrations of adenosine are toxic to human lymphoblast mutants that are unable to convert adenosine to intracellular nucleotides. In order to identify the mediator of this cytotoxicity, we searched for a cytoplasmic protein capable of binding adenosine with high affinity. Such a protein was identified in extracts of human lymphoblasts and placenta as the enzyme S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hershfield, M S -- Krodich, N M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):757-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*metabolism ; Adenosine Deaminase/*deficiency ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Nucleoside Deaminases/*deficiency ; Placenta/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; S-Adenosylhomocysteine/metabolism
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    Health care as a human right: a Cuban perspective (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boffey, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1246-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cuba ; Health Manpower ; Humans ; *National Health Programs ; Preventive Health Services
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  • 36
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    Enhanced dexamethasone resistance in cystic fibrosis cells: potential use for heterozygote detection and prenatal diagnosis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are more resistant to dexamethasone toxicity than are normal cells. We now report that, when fibroblasts cultured from obligate CF heterozygotes are exposed to dexamethasone, they have an intermediate survival compared to normal and homozygous CF cells. When dexamethasone survival was tested on cells from four patients undergoing amniocentesis, cells from a woman at risk of producing a child with CF showed significant dexamethasone resistance, similar to that of fibroblasts derived from lnown CF homozygotes; the other amniotic cell specimens showed dexamethasone sensitivity similar to that of normal skin fibroblasts. These data suggest that the dexamethasone resistance previously observed in skin fibroblasts may also be useful in the prenatal diagnosis of CF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, J L -- Epstein, J -- Fontaine, J H -- Forbes, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):180-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663650" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amniotic Fluid/cytology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis/genetics/*physiopathology ; Dexamethasone/*toxicity ; Drug Resistance ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis
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    Risk factor intervention for health maintenance (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Risk factors for disease consist of (i) personal habits, such as cigarette smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and (ii) bodily characteristics, such as hypertension and high serum cholesterol. Progress in identifying and quantifying risk factors is opening the way to the prevention of disease and maintenance of health. Systematic, controlled trials of intervention against risk factors are beginning to produce evidence on the extent of success in reducing both the factors and the mortality from associated diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):908-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arteriosclerosis/etiology ; Coronary Disease/etiology/*prevention & control ; Disease/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications ; Hypertension/complications ; Lung Neoplasms/etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Preventive Medicine ; *Probability ; *Risk ; Smoking/complications
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    Upton OK's Laetrile test on humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):196.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdalin/*therapeutic use ; Federal Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 39
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    Postpartum amenorrhea: how is it affected by maternal nutritional status? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: The average length of postpartum amenorrhea reported by breast-feeding women in rural Bangladesh in 1975 was 18 to 20 months. Its duration was found to be only slightly related to maternal nutritional status. There was no evidence of a threshold of weight for height necessary for the resumption of menses postpartum. Factors related to the duration of postpartum amenorrhea were maternal age, socioeconomic status, and supplemental feeding of the infant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huffman, S L -- Chowdhury, A K -- Mosley, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1155-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*etiology ; Body Water/metabolism ; Body Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Lactation ; Maternal Age ; Menstruation ; Nutrition Disorders/metabolism ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors
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  • 40
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    Cocaine plasma concentration: relation to physiological and subjective effects in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: Volunteer subjects with previous histories of cocaine use were administered cocaine hydrochloride intravenously or intranasally. There was a positive relationship between peak plasma concentration, physiological and subjective responses, and dose administered. The rate of cocaine disappearance after intravenous administration paralleled the drop in physiological and subjective drug effects. After intranasal administration, blood levels remained elevated for a considerably longer period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Javaid, J I -- Fischman, M W -- Schuster, C R -- Dekirmenjian, H -- Davis, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):227-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Cocaine/administration & dosage/*blood/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Euphoria/*drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Clearance Rate
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  • 41
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    Virulent Naegleria fowleri in an indoor swimming pool (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: A reservoir of pathogenic Naegleria fowleri has been located in the cracked wall of a swimming pool where repeated outbreaks of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis were observed between 1962 and 1965.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kadlec, V -- Cerva, L -- Skvarova, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1025.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684423" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amoeba/*isolation & purification ; Czechoslovakia ; Humans ; Meningoencephalitis/parasitology ; *Swimming Pools ; Virulence ; *Water Microbiology
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  • 42
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    Red cell membrane glycophorin labeling from within the lipid bilayer (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: Human red blood cell membranes were labeled from within the lipid bilayer by the apolar photosensitive reagent, 5-[125I]iodonaphthyl-1-azide. Glycophorin, the major sialoglycoprotein of the red cell membrane, was purified by two different methods; it contained approximately half of the total label incorporated into membrane proteins. The label was confined to the trypsin-insoluble peptide of glycophorin that includes a sequence of 20, mainly apolar, amino acids. These findings provide direct evidence that the labeled segment resides within the membrane in direct contact with the lipid bilayer, and support the suggestion that glycophorin spans the bilayer through its hydrophobic domain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahane, I -- Gitler, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):351-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663661" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Azides ; Erythrocyte Membrane/*ultrastructure ; Erythrocytes/*ultrastructure ; *Glycophorin ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Isotope Labeling ; Membrane Lipids/blood ; *Membrane Proteins/blood ; Peptide Fragments ; *Sialoglycoproteins ; Solubility ; Trypsin
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  • 43
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    Contact-mediated bone resorption by human monocytes in vitro (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: Human circulating monocytes in tissue culture are capable of resorbing devitalized adult and fetal bone. An important component of this process is the adhesion of the cells to the mineralized substrate and the localized removal of matrix from beneath the attached cells. The process appears to involve both release of lysosomal enzymes onto the substrate and intracellular accumulation (transport) of resorbed matrix.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kahn, A J -- Stewart, C C -- Teitelbaum, S L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):988-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Matrix/cytology/metabolism/physiology ; *Bone Resorption ; Bone and Bones/embryology/metabolism ; Calcium Radioisotopes ; Cell Adhesion ; Culture Techniques ; Humans ; Monocytes/cytology/metabolism/*physiology ; Rats
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  • 44
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    Biological activity of some oxygenated sterols (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-11
    Description: A group of oxygenated sterols has been identified as potent and specific inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis. The ability of these compounds to inhibit sterol synthesis in cultured cells and the ineffectiveness of cholesterol under the same conditions suggest that feedback regulation of sterol biosynthesis may be brought about by an oxygenated sterol rather than by cholesterol. The nature of the regulatory sterol may vary in different cells with their specific requirements for cholesterol as a structural component or as a precursor of other steroid products. The use of oxygenated sterols to block sterol synthesis in cultured cells provides new information regarding the role of sterol in cell membrane structure and function. For example, de novo sterol synthesis is required for DNA synthesis and cell division by some cultured cells. Studies with cultured cells, and with rats and mice in vivo, suggest that oxygenated sterols could be of value in the treatment of several important human diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kandutsch, A A -- Chen, H W -- Heiniger, H J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):498-501.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663671" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cholesterol/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Feedback ; Humans ; Hydroxycholesterols/*metabolism ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases/metabolism ; Intestines/metabolism ; Ketosteroids/*metabolism ; Liver/metabolism
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    Care of the aged: old problems in need of new solutions (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Long-term care for the aged in the United States is overly dependent upon the nursing home. This hospital-like model for long-term care is particularly inappropriate since it imposes a medical solution on a variety of social problems. An adequate long-term care program requires a range of resources in the community as well as in institutions; sheltered housing options seem a desirable alternative to the nursing home. To ensure the quality of nursing home care, the present focus on setting standards for care activities should be abandoned in favor of a focus on care outcomes (physical, mental, and social). In an effort to change our present perverse incentives in the nursing home industry, the proposal is made that nursing homes be reimbursed according to the degree to which patient outcomes meet predicted outcomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kane, R L -- Kane, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):913-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417403" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Financing, Government ; Health Facilities, Proprietary ; *Homes for the Aged/economics ; Humans ; Long-Term Care/*methods ; *Nursing Homes/economics/standards ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States
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    Rebound insomnia: a new clinical syndrome (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: Rebound insomnia followed the withdrawal of three benzodiazepine hypnotic drugs, each of which had been administered in a single nightly dose for only short-term periods. The intense worsening of sleep is attributed to the short duration of the action of these drugs. A hypothesis involving benzodiazepine receptors in the brain is proposed in which there is a delay or lag in replacement of endogenous benzodiazepine-like molecules after the abrupt withdrawal of exogenous drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kales, A -- Scharf, M B -- Kales, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1039-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzodiazepines/*adverse effects/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Flunitrazepam/adverse effects/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/*adverse effects/metabolism ; Nitrazepam/adverse effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/drug effects/metabolism ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/*etiology/metabolism ; *Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/metabolism ; Syndrome ; Time Factors ; Triazolam/adverse effects/metabolism
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    Legionnaires' disease: structural characteristics of the organism (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: The Legionnaires' disease organism was isolated from lung tissue taken from two fatalities of the Legionnaires' disease epidemic that occurred in Philadelphia during 1976. In yolk sac tissue the agent grew as a small coccobacillary microorgansim, which was Gram variable and Gimenez positive. Intracellular coccoid and bacillary forms, detected by electron microscopy, within and without vacuoles, underwent multiplication by septate binary fission. Some of the intracellular forms resembled obligate intracellular pathogens. On defined bacteriologic media, the organisms were predominantly bacillary. The organism conforms to the morphologic criteria of a prokaryocyte.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Katz, S M -- Nash, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):896-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622573" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Legionnaires' Disease/*microbiology ; Lung/microbiology ; Prokaryotic Cells/ultrastructure ; Respiratory Tract Infections/*microbiology
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    Activity patterns of human skeletal muscles: relation to muscle fiber type composition (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: The muscle activity of normal ambulatory individuals was recorded continuously for 8-hour (working day) periods. Parameters of activity patterns were defined and numerical outcomes for these parameters were compared across a diverse population of muscles. Several pattern parameters, such as the average percentage of time active, were highly correlated with the percentage of type I fibers of a muscle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monster, A W -- Chan, H -- O'Connor, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):314-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Male ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    B lymphocyte antigens in sicca syndrome (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: All individuals tested in this study with sicca syndrome, a human autoimmune disease, bear two immunologically distinct and genetically unrelated B lymphocyte antigens that appear similar to the immune response associated (Ia) antigens of the mouse. The genes coding for these two antigens are present in only 37 and 24 percent of normal controls. In animal models Ia antigen genes are closely linked to immune response genes. Our findings suggest that two such genes may be required for the development of sicca syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moutsopoulos, H M -- Chused, T M -- Johnson, A H -- Khudsen, B -- Mann, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1441-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Female ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Genetic Linkage ; HLA Antigens/analysis/genetics ; Humans ; Isoantigens/*analysis/genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sjogren's Syndrome/genetics/*immunology
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    Pharmacologic effects in man of a specific serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Fluoxetine (Li-ly 110140) caused a 63 percent inhibition of [3H]serotonin uptake into platelets obtained from normal volunteers to whom the drug was administered daily for 7 days. This dose had no effect on the usual pressor response produced by injections of norepinephrine or tyramine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lemberger, L -- Rowe, H -- Carmichael, R -- Oldham, S -- Horng, J S -- Bymaster, F P -- Wong, D T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):436-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619465" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/drug effects ; Blood Platelets/*drug effects/metabolism ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Humans ; Norepinephrine/pharmacology ; Phenyl Ethers/pharmacology ; Propylamines/*pharmacology ; Serotonin/*blood ; Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology ; Tyramine/pharmacology
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    Human lateralization from head to foot: sex-related factors (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Sex differences in the pattern and maturation of lateral asymmetries of the human brain have been recently found by a number of investigators, suggesting that sex-related factors may differentially affect the two sides of the body. In this study, asymmetries in the size of the two feet were strongly related to sex and handedness, right-handed males having larger right feet and right-handed females having larger left feet, the reverse being seen in non-right-handed individuals. Since these differences were apparent even in children younger than 6 years, the fetal sex steroids may be critical in governing the maturation of both cerebral and pedal asymmetries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, J -- Levy, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1291-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foot/*anatomy & histology ; *Functional Laterality ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Male ; *Sex Factors
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    Lateralization of norepinephrine in human thalamus (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: Norepinephrine has a strongly lateralized distribution in the human thalamus. In the pulvinar region the left hemisphere is rich in norepinephrine, whereas in the somatosensory input area the right hemisphere has a higher concentration of this catecholamine. Such naturally occurring left-right differences in concentration of a neurotransmitter represent a new aspect of hemispheric specialization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oke, A -- Keller, R -- Mefford, I -- Adams, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1411-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663623" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dopamine/metabolism ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Somatosensory Cortex/metabolism ; Thalamus/anatomy & histology/*metabolism
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    Prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Sampling of amniotic fluid, visualization of the fetus, fetal blood sampling, and screening of maternal blood represent successive approaches to the diagnosis of specific genetic disorders in the second trimester of pregnancy. Clinical and ethical concerns about the appropriateness, safety, and efficacy of the techniques have led to multidisciplinary assessments at an early stage. A major growth in demand for medical and educational genetic services can be anticipated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Omenn, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):952-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/77042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amniocentesis/adverse effects/methods ; Amniotic Fluid/analysis ; Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis ; Chromosome Disorders ; Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis ; Female ; Fetal Blood/analysis ; Fetoscopy/methods ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*diagnosis/therapy ; Humans ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis/*methods ; Ultrasonography ; alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
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    Gyrate atrophy of the retina: inborn error of L-ornithin:2-oxoacid aminotransferase (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: Cultured fibroblasts from a patient with gyrate atrophy of the retina do not convert L-ornithine, uniformly labeled with carbon-14, to proline. This metabolic block is caused by deficient L-ornithine:2-oxoacid aminotransferase activity in the patient. Her heterozygote father has intermediate activity of this enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Donnell, J J -- Sandman, R P -- Martin, S R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):200-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635581" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Ornithine/blood ; Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase/*deficiency ; Pedigree ; Retinal Degeneration/*enzymology/genetics ; Transaminases/*deficiency
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    Memory impairment in epileptic patients: selective effects of phenobarbital concentration (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-08
    Description: Nineteen epileptic patients were tested first under medium (week 1) and then under high (week 2) therapeutic levels of phenobarbital. Relative to response times of 20 controls with equivalent practice but without medication, response times of patients in a short-term memory scanning task were strikingly slowed during week 2. However, increased phenobarbital did not slow responses in a task requiring access to information in long-term memory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLeod, C M -- Dekabian, A S -- Hunt, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1102-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epilepsy/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Memory, Short-Term/*drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Phenobarbital/adverse effects/*pharmacology
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    Giemsa-11 staining of chromosome 1: a newly described heteromorphism (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-06
    Description: Sequential Giemsa-11 and C-band staining of the heterochromatic region of chromosome 1 from 30 unrelated individuals revealed a high degree of variability within this region, more than was identifiable with either stain alone. The Giemsa-11 stained material usually appeared as a single band of only slightly varying size within the heterochromatic region. The position of this band ranged from a location immediately adjacent to the centromere, to one farther along the long arm or at the junction of the C-band heterochromatin and euchromatin. Two individuals had a chromosome 1 with no detectable Giemsa-11 band but an average-size C-band. Two others with a large heterochromatic segment by C-banding had two Giemsa-11 positive bands. Additional studies of five members of one family were consistent with transmission of these hetermorphisms in codominant Mendelian fashion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maegenis, R E -- Donlon, T A -- Wyandt, H E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 6;202(4363):64-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Azure Stains ; Centromere/ultrastructure ; Chromosomes, Human, 1-3/*ultrastructure ; Genes, Dominant ; Heterochromatin/ultrastructure ; Humans
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    Myotonic muscular dystrophy: altered calcium transport in erythrocytes (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Erythrocytes from patients with myotonic muscular dystrophy accumulate calcium at a significantly higher rate than normals do. This increased rate of net accumulation appears related to an enhanced permeability of the membrane to calcium, rather than to an impairment in its active outward transport.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Plishker, G A -- Gitelman, H J -- Appel, S H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):323-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Transport/drug effects ; Calcium/*blood/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Erythrocyte Membrane/*metabolism ; Erythrocytes/*metabolism ; Humans ; Muscular Dystrophies/*blood/metabolism ; Quinine/pharmacology
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    EPA smog standard attacked by industry, science advisers (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 1;202(4371):949-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715452" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Industry ; Ozone/toxicity ; United States
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    Estrogens: hormones' link to cancer disputed (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1270-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Estrogens/*adverse effects ; Female ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Humans ; Risk ; Uterine Diseases/etiology ; Uterine Neoplasms/diagnosis/*etiology
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    Restriction enzymes: prenatal diagnosis of genetic disease (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1068-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*diagnosis/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/*metabolism ; Female ; Globins/genetics ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis/*methods ; Thalassemia/*diagnosis
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    Botulism in infants: a cause of sudden death? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):799-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Botulinum Toxins/analysis ; Botulism/*complications/mortality ; Honey/adverse effects ; Humans ; Infant ; Sudden Infant Death/*etiology/microbiology
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    Viremia in experimental Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-02
    Description: Inoculation of the buffy coat of blood from guinea pigs infected with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease resulted in passage of this disease to recipient animals. This demonstrates that there is a viremia in experimental Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. These findings suggest that the hematogenous route may be implicated in the human infection and that the disease may possibly be transmitted by blood transfusions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Manuelidis, E E -- Gorgacs, E J -- Manuelidis, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1069-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/349691" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood/*microbiology ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome/blood/*microbiology/transmission ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Leukocytes/microbiology
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    Tumor promoters: carcinogenesis gets more complicated (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):515-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/307276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; *Cocarcinogenesis ; Dietary Fats/adverse effects ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Phenobarbital ; Plasminogen Activators/metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/metabolism ; Saccharin ; Smoking/complications ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
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    The mating game: what happens when sperm meets egg (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1256-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Contraception, Immunologic ; Female ; *Fertilization ; Glycoproteins/physiology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Mammals ; Sea Urchins ; *Sperm-Ovum Interactions
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    Kainic acid lesions of the striatum dissociate amphetamine and apomorphine stereotypy: similarities to Huntingdon's chorea (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: Kainic acid lesion of cell bodies in the dorsal striatum enhanced the stereotypy-producing effects of d-amphetamine without affecting the sterotypy produced by the direct receptor agonist apomorphine. This pattern of results parallels that found in patients suffering from Hungtington's chorea, thus strengthening the parallels between the kainic acid animal model and the human disease state initially suggested on biochemical gounds. The present results further suggest a dissociation of the mechanisms involved in the production of stereotypy by these two drugs, perhaps in terms of differential involvement of the striato-nigral negative feedback loop.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mason, S T -- Sanberg, P R -- Fibiger, H C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):352-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26976" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apomorphine/*pharmacology ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/metabolism ; Corpus Striatum/*drug effects/enzymology/pathology ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/*physiopathology ; *Kainic Acid/pharmacology ; Male ; Nucleus Accumbens/enzymology ; *Pyrrolidines/pharmacology ; Rats ; Stereotyped Behavior/*drug effects ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism
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    Dextroamphetamine: cognitive and behavioral effects in normal prepubertal boys (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-03
    Description: The behavioral, cognitive, and electrophysiological effect of a single dose of dextroamphetamine (0.5 milligram per kilogram of body weight) or placebo was examined in 14 normal prepubertal boys (mean age, 10 years 11 months) in a double-blind study. When amphetamine was given, the group showed a marked decrease in motor activity and reaction time and improved performance on cognitive tests. The similarity of the response observed in normal children to that reported in children with "hyperactivity" or minimal brain dysfunction casts doubt on pathophysiological models of minimal brain dysfunction which assume that children with this syndrome have a clinically specific or "paradoxical" response to stimulants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rapoport, J L -- Buchsbaum, M S -- Zahn, T P -- Weingartner, H -- Ludlow, C -- Mikkelsen, E J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):560-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/341313" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Child ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Cognition/*drug effects ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Electrophysiology ; Emotions/drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity/drug effects
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    Glutamine-selective membrane electrode that uses living bacterial cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: A novel bioselective membrane electrode for L-glutamine has been constructed by coupling living bacteria of the strain Sarcina flava to a potentiometric ammonia gas sensor. Tests in aqueous standards and human serum show that the electrode combines excellent sensitivity and selectivity with rapid response and a useful lifetime of at least 2 weeks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rechnitz, G A -- Riechel, T L -- Kobos, R K -- Meyerhoff, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):440-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619467" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ammonia/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; *Electrodes ; Glutamine/*analysis ; Humans ; Membrane Potentials ; Potentiometry/*instrumentation ; *Sarcina/metabolism
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    Rickettsiae: a new vaccine for Rocky Mountain spotted fever (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):604.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/97783" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Bacterial Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Rickettsia rickettsii/*immunology ; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/*prevention & control
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    Prenatal exposure to prednisone in humans and animals retards intrauterine growth (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-27
    Description: Prednisone treatment for infertility and subsequent pregnancy maintenance in humans resulted in a significant decrease in the birth weight of full-term infants and a marked increase in the percentage of newborn infants weighing 2500 grams or less, that is, "light for dates" in comparison to control offspring. A parallel experiment with mice indicated that the reduction of birth weight was caused by exposure to corticosteroids rather than to maternal disease or malfunction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reinisch, J M -- Simon, N G -- Karow, W G -- Gandelman, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 27;202(4366):436-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705336" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Birth Weight/*drug effects ; Female ; Fetus/*drug effects ; Humans ; *Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mice ; Prednisone/*adverse effects ; Pregnancy/*drug effects
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    Memory impairment in Korsakoff's psychosis: a correlation with brain noradrenergic activity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-24
    Description: The concentration of the primary brain metabolite of norepinephrine is diminished in the lumbar spinal fluid of patients with Korsakoff's syndrome. The extent of its reduction is significantly correlated with measures of memory impairment for individual patients. These data suggest that the memory disorder of Korsakoff's syndrome may result from damage to ascending noradrenergic pathways by the diencephalic and brainstem lesions associated with this disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McEntee, W J -- Mair, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 24;202(4370):905-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715450" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcohol Amnestic Disorder/*cerebrospinal fluid/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Glycols/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Homovanillic Acid/cerebrospinal fluid ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/cerebrospinal fluid ; Memory Disorders/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol/*cerebrospinal fluid ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Vanilmandelic Acid/cerebrospinal fluid
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    Visual phenomena induced by relativistic carbon ions with and without Cerenkov radiation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: Exposing the human eye to individual carbon ions (6C+) moving at relativistic speeds results in visual phenomena that include point flashes, streaks, and larger diffuse flashes. The diffuse flashes have previously been observed by astronauts in space but not in laboratory experiments with particles of high atomic number and energy. They are observed only when the nucleus moves fast enough to generate Cerenkov radiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McNulty, P J -- Pease, V P -- Bond, V P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):341-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carbon ; Cations, Monovalent ; Humans ; Motion ; *Space Flight ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology
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    Synthetic maps of human gene frequencies in Europeans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Multivarate techniques can be used to condense the information for a large number of loci and alleles into one or a few synthetic variables. The geographic distribution of synthetic variables can be plotted by the same technique used in mapping the gene frequency of a single allele. Synthetic maps were constructed for Europe and the Near East, with the use of principal components to condense the information of 38 independent alleles from ten loci. The first principal component summarizes close to 30% of the total information and shows gradients. Maps thus constructed show clines in remarkable agreement with those expected on the basis of the spread of early farming in Europe, thus supporting the hypothesis that this spread was a demic spread rather than a cultural diffusion of farming technology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Menozzi, P -- Piazza, A -- Cavalli-Sforza, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):786-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/356262" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Cultural Evolution ; Europe ; *Gene Frequency ; HLA Antigens/*genetics ; History ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Models, Biological
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    Jaundice phototherapy: micro flow-cell photometry reveals rapid biliary response of Gunn rats to light (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Hepatic pigment clearance in rats can be followed continuously with photometric detectors designed for high-pressure liquid chromatography. This method showed that light has a fast effect on bilirubin metabolism in homozygous Gunn rats, even at low doses and intensities. This is consistent with geometric isomerization of bilirubin IXalpha as a primary step in phototherapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDonagh, A F -- Ramonas, L M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):829-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/581101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bile/metabolism ; Bilirubin/blood/*metabolism/radiation effects ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/*therapy ; Kinetics ; Liver/metabolism ; *Phototherapy ; Rats
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    Improving cognitive ability in chronically deprived children (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Beginning at different ages in their preschool years, groups of chronically undernourished children from Colombian families of low socioeconomic status participated in a program of treatment combining nutritional, health care, and educational features. By school age the gap in cognitive ability between the treated children and a group of privileged children in the same city had narrowed, the effect being greater the younger the children were when they entered the treatment program. The gains were still evident at the end of the first grade in primary school, a year after the experiment had ended.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKay, H -- Sinisterra, L -- McKay, A -- Gomez, H -- Lloreda, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):270-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635585" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition/*physiology ; Education ; Environment ; Humans ; Learning Disorders/*prevention & control ; Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy/*physiopathology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 75
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    Cystic fibrosis: decreased conjugation and excretion of [14C]spermidine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-30
    Description: Free and conjugated [14C]spermidine were measured in plasma samples from normal individuals and cystic fibrosis patients. Within 4 minutes, the 14C-labeled material in the plasma from normal individuals was 70 percent conjugated compared to no detectable conjugation by cystic fibrosis patients. Further, the patients excreted only 11 to 13 percent of the [14C]spermidine in their urine within 72 hours whereas normal excretion was 60 to 76 percent. In both cases, the labeled material was in a conjugated form.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenblum, M G -- Durie, B G -- Beckerman, R C -- Taussig, L M -- Russell, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 30;200(4349):1496-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cystic Fibrosis/*metabolism ; Humans ; Spermidine/blood/*metabolism/urine
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Sports medicine today (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ryan, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):919-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644334" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Athletic Injuries/prevention & control/rehabilitation/therapy ; Environment ; Forecasting ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Muscles/physiology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Physical Education and Training ; Physical Endurance/drug effects ; Physical Fitness ; Recreation ; Respiration ; *Sports Medicine/trends ; Superstitions
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  • 77
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    Ethics and the use of drugs during pregnancy (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sabath, L D -- Philipson, A -- Charles, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 3;202(4367):540-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/705345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aborted Fetus ; Ampicillin/blood ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; *Ethics, Medical ; Female ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Pregnancy/*drug effects ; *Pregnant Women
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  • 78
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    delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: antiaggressive effects in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, the most active constituent of marihuana, decreased species-specific attack behavior in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys at doses (0.25 to 2.0 milligram per kilogram of body weight) that have no effects on other elements of the behavioral repertoire. Aggressive behavior was engendered in all three species by confronting a resident animal with an intruder conspecific. The present results contrast with the widely held belief that marihuana increases aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miczek, K A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1459-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*drug effects ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Saimiri ; Territoriality
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  • 79
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    Human leukocyte interferon purified to homogeneity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: One of the species of human interferon produced by incubation of leukocytes with Newcastle disease virus was purified to homogeneity. It exhibited one peak of activity coinciding with a single protein band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rubinstein, M -- Rubinstein, S -- Familletti, P C -- Gross, M S -- Miller, R S -- Waldman, A A -- Pestka, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1289-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725605" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Interferons/*isolation & purification ; Leukocytes/*analysis ; Methods
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  • 80
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    Aminophylline increases cerebral metabolic rate and decreases anoxic survival in young mice (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: In weanling mice treated with pharmacologic doses of aminophylline, the concentrations of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in the brain increased 44 and 36 percent, respectively, and the cerebral metabolic rate was three times that in controls. In neonatal mice, therapeutic doses of aminophylline greatly decreased the rate of anoxic survival in vivo and the duration of gasping of the isolated head. The findings suggest caution in the use of this drug and other methylxanthines in hypoxic human newborns.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thurston, J H -- Hauhard, R E -- Dirgo, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):649-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/209541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Aminophylline/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anoxia/physiopathology ; Apnea/drug therapy ; Brain/drug effects/*metabolism ; Cheyne-Stokes Respiration/drug therapy ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism/*drug effects ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucosephosphates/metabolism ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy ; Mice
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  • 81
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    Menarche and fatness: reexamination of the critical body composition hypothesis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trussell, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 30;200(4349):1506-13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/*physiology ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Female ; Growth ; Humans ; *Menarche
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  • 82
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    Oral cocaine: plasma concentrations and central effects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: Cocaine (2.0 milligrams per kilogram) given by the oral route is at least as effective as the same dose given intranasally. Cocaine is not detected in the plasma until 30 minutes after oral administration, but peak plasma concentrations are similar after both routes. The subjective "highs" in man are greater after oral than after intranasal administration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Dyke, C -- Jatlow, P -- Ungerer, J -- Barash, P G -- Byck, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):211-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Cocaine/*administration & dosage/blood/pharmacology ; Euphoria/drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Time Factors
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  • 83
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    Effects of naloxone on schizophrenia: reduction in hallucinations in a subpopulation of subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Endogenous opiate-like peptides (endorphins) are putative neuroregulators located throughout the mammalian brainstem. There is some evidence for their role in pain, stress, and affect. We report that the opiate antagonist, naloxone, alters some schizophrenic symptoms. In a double-blind, cross-over study, naloxone produced decreases in auditory hallucinations in some schizophrenic patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endorphins may play a roll in modulating hallucinations in a highly selected subgroup of chronically hallucinating schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Berger, P A -- Akil, H -- Mills, M J -- Barchas, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):73-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351804" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Endorphins/physiology ; Hallucinations/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy ; Time Factors
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  • 84
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    Sleeping pills and insomnia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anylan, W G -- Gillin, C -- Solomon, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 6;205(4401):6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451580" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Flurazepam/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/*drug therapy
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  • 85
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    beta-Endorphin is not detectable in plasma from normal human subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: beta-Endorphin is not detectable in plasma from normal human subjects when measured under baseline conditions or after the subjects have received vasopressin, an agent that elevates beta-lipotropin and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Significant amounts of beta-endorphin are present in plasma of patients with endocrine disorders associated with increased ACTH and beta-lipotropin production. Highly purified, natural beta-lipotropin is not peripherally converted to beta-endorphin in vivo in normal subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suda, T -- Liotta, A S -- Krieger, D T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):221-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/211585" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Addison Disease/blood ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*blood ; Cushing Syndrome/blood ; Endorphins/*blood ; Humans ; Nelson Syndrome/blood ; Pituitary Gland/metabolism ; beta-Lipotropin/*blood
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  • 86
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    Metabolism of theophylline to caffeine in human fetal liver (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a biotransformation product of theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) in the human fetus. Liver explants, obtained from human fetuses with gestational ages of 12 to 20 weeks, were incubated with theophylline and produced caffeine and, in lesser amounts, 1,3-dimethyluric acid and 3-methylxanthine. These findings suggest that the predominant pathway in theophylline metabolism in the fetus and newborn infant is the methylation reaction producing caffeine. This may contribute to the neonate's exceedingly slower elimination of caffeine relative to theophylline. Caffeine produced from theophylline may add to the pharmacologic effects of theophylline in newborn infants with apnea.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aranda, J V -- Louridas, A T -- Vitullo, B B -- Thom, P -- Aldridge, A -- Haber, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1319-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515734" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apnea/drug therapy ; Biotransformation ; Caffeine/*biosynthesis/metabolism/therapeutic use ; Cells, Cultured ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver/*embryology/metabolism ; Methylation ; Theophylline/*metabolism/therapeutic use
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  • 87
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    Regional localization of the gene for human phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase on the X chromosome (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-09
    Description: Sixty-eight independent hybrid clones were isolated after irradiated normal human lymphocytes were fused with Chinese hamster fibroblasts lacking hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity. The cells were grown under selective conditions requiring retention of the X chromosome-linked locus for human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. The frequency and patterns of cotransference of human phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase with the selected marker and with additional X-linked enzymatic markers confirm X linkage of the structural gene for human phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase and support assignment of this gene to a position on the long arm of the X, between the loci for alpha-galactosidase and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Becker, M A -- Yen, R C -- Itkin, P -- Goss, S J -- Seegmiller, J E -- Bakay, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 9;203(4384):1016-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/218284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics ; Phosphotransferases/*genetics ; Ribose-Phosphate Pyrophosphokinase/*genetics ; *Sex Chromosomes ; *X Chromosome
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  • 88
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    Food additives (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benarde, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1256-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/515730" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens ; Food Additives/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Public Opinion
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  • 89
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    The problem of defensive medicine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Defensive medicine--the use of diagnostic and end-treatment measures explicitly for the purposes of averting malpractice suits--is frequently cited as one of the least desirable effects of the current rise in medical litigation. Many physicians and policy-makers claim that defensive medicine is responsible not only for the increasing costs of health care but the exposing of patients to significant risks of harm from unnecessary procedures. Very little solid information is available about defensive medicine. The studies that have been conducted have been fraught with statistical difficulties and are by no means definitive. Even more important than the issue of defensive medicine is the more basic problem of our system of compensation for medical injuries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tancredi, L R -- Barondess, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):879-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cesarean Section/utilization ; Child ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Craniocerebral Trauma/radiography ; *Defensive Medicine/economics ; Female ; Fetal Monitoring/utilization ; Humans ; *Malpractice/economics ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Pregnancy ; Quality of Health Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States
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  • 90
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    Pituitary-brain vascular relations: a new paradigm (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-06
    Description: Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely, whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain function?〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bergland, R M -- Page, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 6;204(4388):18-24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373118" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis/anatomy & histology ; Capillaries/anatomy & histology ; Cats ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Dogs ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/blood supply ; Pituitary Gland/*blood supply ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/blood supply ; Rats ; Species Specificity
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  • 91
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    New strength in the diet-disease link? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Broad, W J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):666-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diet/*adverse effects ; Disease/*etiology ; Humans ; Legislation as Topic ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Peer Review ; Preventive Medicine/methods ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 92
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    Metabolism of americium-241 in man: an unusual case of internal contamination of a child and his father (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: The metabolism of americium-241 has been studied during an 8-year period in an adult male and his son who, at the ages of 50 and 4 years, respectively, were accidentally and unknowingly contaminated within their home by means of inhalation. Chelation therapy with calcium trisodium pentetate was more effective in enhancing the removal of americium-241 from the child than from the father.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, N -- Sasso, T L -- Wrenn, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Americium/*metabolism/poisoning ; Body Burden ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Bone and Bones/metabolism ; Chelating Agents/*therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Liver/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 93
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    Comparative biochemistry and drug design for infectious disease (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: In the past two decades, biochemistry and molecular biology have demonstrated the existence of potentially exploitable biochemical differences between etiologic agents of disease and their hosts. Known differences between organism and host with respect to metabolism and polymer structure point to the detailed characterization of key proteins as the focus for the development of potential inhibitors. In the last decade, the methodology of the isolation, characterization, and inactivation of proteins and enzymes has been advanced. The present scientific and technological base suggests that new efforts toward the development of selective chemotherapeutic agents for infections caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and higher eukaryotes should exploit the known differences in proteins or other specific biopolymers serving crucial structural or metabolic roles in the economy of the parasite.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, S S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):964-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Anti-Bacterial Agents ; *Antiviral Agents ; Communicable Diseases/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Mycobacterium leprae/metabolism ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Trypanosomiasis/drug therapy ; Vidarabine/pharmacology ; Viral Proteins/biosynthesis ; Virus Replication/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    Ingested mineral fibers: elimination in human urine (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Sediment in human urine examined by transmission electron microscopy contains amphibole fibers which originate from the ingestion of drinking water contaminated with these mineral fibers. The ingestion of filtered water results in the eventual disappearance of amphibole fibers from urine. These observations provide the first direct evidence for the passage of mineral fibers through the human gastro-intestinal mucosa under normal conditions of the alimentary canal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook, P M -- Olson, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):195-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/metabolism ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicon Dioxide/metabolism/*urine ; *Water Pollutants ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 95
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    Preferential transmission of the Z deficient allele of alpha 1-antitrypsin (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: The transmission of the Z deficient allele of alpha 1-antitrypsin was studied in 23 families, each with a single parent heterozygous for this allele. When the mother carried the Z allele, the distribution of phenotypes in the children did not differ significantly from the expected frequency. In contrast, when the father was the carrier, a significant increase of heterozygous phenotypes was observed in the children. This observation suggests that a selective advantage is associated with the expression of the Z allele in male gametes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chapuis-Cellier, C -- Arnaud, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):407-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/313077" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Alleles ; Child ; Female ; Heterozygote Detection ; Humans ; Male ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sex Factors ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/genetics ; *alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 96
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    China's new birth policy: one baby is enough (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Culliton, Barbara J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):429.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11643508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: China ; Contraception ; Government Regulation ; Humans ; *Motivation ; *Population Control ; Social Control, Formal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 97
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    Genes coding for histone proteins in man are located on the distal end of the long arm of chromosome 7 (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: Tritium-labeled complementary RNA's to two cloned sea urchin DNA sequences, one coding for histones H1, H2B, and H4 and the other for H2A and H3, were hybridized in situ to high resolution human chromosomes. Evidence is presented showing that the histone genes in man are localized in bands q32-36 on the long arm of chromosome 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandler, M E -- Kedes, L H -- Cohn, R H -- Yunis, J J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):908-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472711" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes/ultrastructure ; *Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; *Genes ; Histones/*genetics ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/ultrastructure ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Sea Urchins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 98
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    Microsecond sensitivity of the human visual system to irregular flicker (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: A flickering light presented to the eye produces a small alternating voltage at the scalp of a subject. This alternating voltage indicates the following response of the brain to the flicker. If every other flash in the flicker is displaced temporally by as little as 30 microseconds, an asymmetry appears in the brain's alternating voltage. The results suggest an underlying mechanism that may enhance visual detection of high-frequency flicker.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, A L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):708-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Evoked Potentials ; Flicker Fusion/physiology ; Humans ; Time Factors ; *Vision, Ocular
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 99
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    Distribution of transmembrane polypeptides in freeze fracture (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: Human erythrocytes have been freeze-fractured, and the polypeptides associated with the separate halves of the membrane bilayer have been analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The transmembrane proteins were differentially separated by the fracture process. Although sialoglycoproteins associated with the outer half of the membrane, the anion transport protein (band 3) mainly remained with the inner half of the membrane. Well-defined fragments of the sialoglycoproteins were produced by the freeze-fracture procedure, indicating that selected covalent bonds of these transmembrane proteins were broken.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Edwards, H H -- Mueller, T J -- Morrison, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1343-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424755" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Erythrocyte Membrane/*ultrastructure ; Erythrocytes/*ultrastructure ; Freeze Fracturing/methods ; Glycoproteins/blood ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; *Membrane Proteins/blood ; Molecular Weight ; Polylysine ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 100
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    Diabetes drugs: clinical trial (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldner, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 27;204(4391):363-4, 367.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/375391" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; Diabetes Mellitus/*drug therapy ; Drug Evaluation/methods ; Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/*adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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