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  • United States  (930)
  • Mutation  (260)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1,189)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • 1990-1994  (1,189)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (1,189)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Springer  (33)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (2)
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Panel backs pregnant women in trials (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 4;263(5151):1216.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8122099" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; *Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; *Institute of Medicine (U.S.) ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Pregnancy ; *Pregnant Women ; Research Subjects ; United States ; *Women's Health
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Send in the clones (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kinoshita, J -- Mervis, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1187.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; *Gene Library ; *Genome, Plant ; International Cooperation ; Japan ; Oryza/*genetics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Measuring what works in health care (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 25;263(5150):1080, 1082.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8108722" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Medical Records ; *Outcome Assessment (Health Care)/economics ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; United States ; *United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/economics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    NIH drops bid for gene patents (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 18;263(5149):909-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8310287" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biotechnology ; *Federal Government ; *Genes ; Internationality ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Patents as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    U.S.-Japan collaboration. Academic biotech deals offer more promise than product (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-01-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Valigra, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 14;263(5144):168-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8284666" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biotechnology ; *International Cooperation ; Japan ; *Research ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Abnormal fear response and aggressive behavior in mutant mice deficient for alpha-calcium-calmodulin kinase II (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-14
    Description: Mice deficient for the gene encoding alpha-calcium-calmodulin-dependent kinase II (alpha-CaMKII knockout mice) provide a promising tool to link behavioral and cellular abnormalities with a specific molecular lesion. The heterozygous mouse exhibited a well-circumscribed syndrome of behavioral abnormalities, consisting primarily of a decreased fear response and an increase in defensive aggression, in the absence of any measured cognitive deficits. Unlike the heterozygote, the homozygote displayed abnormal behavior in all paradigms tested. At the cellular level, both extracellular and whole-cell patch clamp recordings indicated that serotonin release in putative serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe was reduced. Thus, alpha-CaMKII knockout mice, in particular the heterozygote, may provide a model for studying the molecular and cellular basis underlying emotional disorders involving fear and aggression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, C -- Rainnie, D G -- Greene, R W -- Tonegawa, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 14;266(5183):291-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Cambridge, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939668" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aggression ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/deficiency/genetics/*physiology ; *Fear ; Fluoxetine/pharmacology ; Gene Dosage ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; In Vitro Techniques ; Membrane Potentials ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutation ; Neurons/metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Raphe Nuclei/metabolism ; Serotonin/metabolism/pharmacology ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Circadian clock mutants of cyanobacteria (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-18
    Description: A diverse set of circadian clock mutants was isolated in a cyanobacterial strain that carries a bacterial luciferase reporter gene attached to a clock-controlled promoter. Among 150,000 clones of chemically mutagenized bioluminescent cells, 12 mutants were isolated that exhibit a broad spectrum of periods (between 16 and 60 hours), and 5 mutants were found that show a variety of unusual patterns, including arrhythmia. These mutations appear to be clock-specific. Moreover, it was demonstrated that in this cyanobacterium it is possible to clone mutant genes by complementation, which provides a means to genetically dissect the circadian mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kondo, T -- Tsinoremas, N F -- Golden, S S -- Johnson, C H -- Kutsuna, S -- Ishiura, M -- GM37040/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MH43836/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1233-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973706" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Circadian Rhythm/*genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cyanobacteria/*genetics/growth & development/physiology ; Darkness ; *Genes, Bacterial ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Light ; Luminescent Measurements ; Mutagenesis ; Mutation ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Violence study hits a nerve in Germany (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simm, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 29;264(5159):653.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8171314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Academies and Institutes/*organization & administration ; Aggression ; Behavioral Research ; Dissent and Disputes ; *Genetics, Behavioral ; Germany ; Group Processes ; Humans ; *Molecular Biology ; Mutation ; National Socialism ; *Violence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    The aftermath of the Gallo case (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-01-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 7;263(5143):20-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8272861" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biomedical Research ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States ; *United States Office of Research Integrity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    NIH research collaboration (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGarey, B M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):955.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Industry ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; United States ; *Universities
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 11
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    Sources of dioxin (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fink, L E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 21;266(5184):350; author reply 350-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7802836" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Chlorine ; *Environmental Pollutants ; *Hazardous Substances ; Hazardous Waste ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 12
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    Easy-to-alter digital images raise fears of tampering (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-01-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 21;263(5145):317-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8278802" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Image Enhancement/*standards ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/*standards ; National Library of Medicine (U.S.) ; Periodicals as Topic ; Photography ; Publishing/*standards ; Scientific Misconduct ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 13
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    National Institutes of Health. Panel proposes guidelines for industry (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 4;263(5147):603.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303264" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; Biotechnology/standards ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; *Guidelines as Topic ; Industry/*standards ; Information Dissemination ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Embryo research guidelines (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Varmus, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 2;265(5177):1345.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8073266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Embryo, Mammalian ; *Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 15
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    NIH R&D priorities (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Varmus, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 17;264(5166):1649.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8209238" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Research ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 16
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    Molecule of the year: the DNA repair enzyme (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-12-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 23;266(5193):1925.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7801114" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA Damage ; *DNA Ligases ; *DNA Repair ; DNA Replication ; Humans ; Mutation ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 17
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    Insights from the study of animals lacking functional estrogen receptor (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-12-02
    Description: Estrogen hormones produce physiological actions within a variety of target sites in the body and during development by activating a specific receptor protein. Hormone responsiveness for the estrogen receptor protein was investigated at different stages of development with the use of gene knockout techniques because no natural genetic mutants have been described. A mutant mouse line without a functional estrogen receptor was created and is being used to assess estrogen responsiveness. Both sexes of these mutant animals are infertile and show a variety of phenotypic changes, some of which are associated with the gonads, mammary glands, reproductive tracts, and skeletal tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Korach, K S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 2;266(5190):1524-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Receptor Biology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7985022" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Estrogens/*physiology ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/etiology ; Infertility, Male/etiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Receptors, Estrogen/genetics/*physiology ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Determination of intrinsic transcription termination efficiency by RNA polymerase elongation rate (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-04
    Description: Transcription terminators recognized by several RNA polymerases include a DNA segment encoding uridine-rich RNA and, for bacterial RNA polymerase, a hairpin loop located immediately upstream. Here, mutationally altered Escherichia coli RNA polymerase enzymes that have different termination efficiencies were used to show that the extent of transcription through the uridine-rich encoding segment is controlled by the substrate concentration of nucleoside triphosphate. This result implies that the rate of elongation determines the probability of transcript release. Moreover, the position of release sites suggests an important spatial relation between the RNA hairpin and the boundary of the terminator.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDowell, J C -- Roberts, J W -- Jin, D J -- Gross, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 4;266(5186):822-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7526463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Base Sequence ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/genetics/*metabolism ; Escherichia coli/enzymology/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Nucleotides/metabolism ; RNA, Bacterial/*genetics/metabolism ; *Terminator Regions, Genetic ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Uridine Triphosphate/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Radon risk estimates (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-05-27
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chiu, N -- Barry, T -- Puskin, J -- Nelson, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 27;264(5163):1239-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8191276" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; Radon/*adverse effects ; Risk Factors ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; Water Pollutants, Radioactive/*adverse effects ; *Water Supply
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Research in the service of jobs and health (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-05-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 13;264(5161):887.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8178141" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Employment ; *Health Care Reform ; *Research ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 21
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    Rules for alpha-helix termination by glycine (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-05-20
    Description: A predictive rule for protein folding is presented that involves two recurrent glycine-based motifs that cap the carboxyl termini of alpha helices. In proteins, helices that terminated in glycine residues were found predominantly in one of these two motifs. These glycine structures had a characteristic pattern of polar and apolar residues. Visual inspection of known helical sequences was sufficient to distinguish the two motifs from each other and from internal glycines that fail to terminate helices. These glycine motifs--in which the local sequence selects between available structures--represent an example of a stereochemical rule for protein folding.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aurora, R -- Srinivasan, R -- Rose, G D -- GM 29458/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 20;264(5162):1126-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8178170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Glycine/*chemistry ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Oligopeptides/chemistry ; *Protein Folding ; *Protein Structure, Secondary
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    NSF gears up for a building boom (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 9;265(5178):1516-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8079162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Facility Design and Construction/*economics ; Financing, Government ; Government Agencies/*economics ; Laboratories/*economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Promoter-selective transcriptional defect in cell cycle mutant ts13 rescued by hTAFII250 (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-11
    Description: The TAFII250 subunit of the human transcription factor IID (TFIID) rescues the temperature-sensitive hamster cell line ts13 and overcomes a G1 arrest. Investigation of the transcriptional properties of ts13 nuclear extracts in vitro showed that activation by the site-specific regulators Sp1 and Gal4VP16 is temperature sensitive in ts13 extracts, whereas basal transcription remains unaffected. This transcriptional defect can be rescued by purified human TFIID or by expression of wild-type TAFII250 in ts13 cells. Expression from the cyclin A but not c-fos promoter is temperature sensitive in these mutant cells. Thus, the mutation in TAFII250 appears to have gene-specific effects that may lead to the ts13 cell cycle phenotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, E H -- Tjian, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):811-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303298" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cyclins/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Fungal Proteins/physiology ; *G1 Phase ; Genes, fos ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Genetic Vectors ; Histone Acetyltransferases ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Sp1 Transcription Factor/physiology ; *TATA-Binding Protein Associated Factors ; Temperature ; Trans-Activators/physiology ; Transcription Factor TFIID ; Transcription Factors/pharmacology ; *Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
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    Risk from low-dose exposures (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Portier, C J -- Lucier, G W -- Edler, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 18;266(5188):1141-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973685" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinogenicity Tests/*statistics & numerical data ; Carcinogens/*administration & dosage/toxicity ; DNA Damage ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Risk Assessment ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/adverse effects ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    A genetic linkage map for the zebrafish (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-29
    Description: To facilitate molecular genetic analysis of vertebrate development, haploid genetics was used to construct a recombination map for the zebrafish Danio (Brachydanio) rerio. The map consists of 401 random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and 13 simple sequence repeats spaced at an average interval of 5.8 centimorgans. Strategies that exploit the advantages of haploid genetics and RAPD markers were developed that quickly mapped lethal and visible mutations and that placed cloned genes on the map. This map is useful for the position-based cloning of mutant genes, the characterization of chromosome rearrangements, and the investigation of evolution in vertebrate genomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Postlethwait, J H -- Johnson, S L -- Midson, C N -- Talbot, W S -- Gates, M -- Ballinger, E W -- Africa, D -- Andrews, R -- Carl, T -- Eisen, J S -- 1RO1AI26734/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- HD07470/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- NS23915/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 29;264(5159):699-703.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Neurosciences, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8171321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; Genotype ; Male ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Software ; Zebrafish/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 26
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    Tetrad analysis possible in Arabidopsis with mutation of the QUARTET (QRT) genes (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-03
    Description: Two Arabidopsis thaliana genes, QRT1 and QRT2, are required for pollen separation during normal development. In qrt mutants, the outer walls of the four meiotic products of the pollen mother cell are fused, and pollen grains are released in tetrads. Pollen is viable and fertile, and the cytoplasmic pollen contents are discrete. Pollination with a single tetrad usually yields four seeds, and genetic analysis confirmed that marker loci segregate in a 2:2 ratio within these tetrads. These mutations allow tetrad analysis to be performed in Arabidopsis and define steps in pollen cell wall development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Preuss, D -- Rhee, S Y -- Davis, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 3;264(5164):1458-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, CA 94305-5307.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8197459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics/physiology/ultrastructure ; Cell Wall/ultrastructure ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Genes, Plant ; Genetic Markers ; Glucuronidase/genetics ; Heterozygote ; Meiosis ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Pollen/*physiology/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Science education. National standards finally ready for public scrutiny (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-12-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 9;266(5191):1637.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7992042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biology/education ; Education/*standards ; Educational Measurement ; Science/*education ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    U.S. research forum fails to find a common front (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):752.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Financing, Government ; Government Agencies/economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; Science ; United States
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  • 29
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    Structural clues to prion replication (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, F E -- Pan, K M -- Huang, Z -- Baldwin, M -- Fletterick, R J -- Prusiner, S B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 22;264(5158):530-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0518.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7909169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; PrPSc Proteins ; Prion Diseases/*metabolism/transmission ; Prions/*biosynthesis/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary
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    Cancer researcher returns grant (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 25;266(5189):1318.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Financing, Government ; *Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    R&D budget: growth in hard times (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):744-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Budgets ; *Financing, Government ; Government Agencies/economics ; Human Genome Project/economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 32
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    R&D budget: more wins than losses (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-01-14
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, J -- Anderson, C -- Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 14;263(5144):164-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8284665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Budgets ; Government Agencies/economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 33
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    Fostering young investigators (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fochtmann, L J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):953.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973669" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; Research Personnel/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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  • 34
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    Alzheimer's disease and possible gene interaction (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-01-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉St George-Hyslop, P -- McLachlan, D C -- Tsuda, T -- Rogaev, E -- Karlinsky, H -- Lippa, C F -- Pollen, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 28;263(5146):537.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8290965" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/*genetics ; Apolipoprotein E4 ; Apolipoproteins E/*genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mutation ; Phenotype
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  • 35
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    Bumps on the vaccine road (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 2;265(5177):1371-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8073270" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Drug Approval ; Drug Industry ; Humans ; Institute of Medicine (U.S.) ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; *Vaccines ; World Health Organization
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    The prion connection: now in yeast? (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weissmann, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 22;264(5158):528-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut fur Molecularbiologie I, Universitat Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7909168" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aspartic Acid/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Genes, Fungal ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Mutation ; PrPSc Proteins ; Prions/chemistry/genetics ; Protein Conformation ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics/metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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    Outcomes research (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1994-05-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wennberg, J E -- Barry, M J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 6;264(5160):758-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7513442" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; Male ; *Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; United States ; United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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  • 38
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    Genetic control of programmed cell death in Drosophila (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-29
    Description: A gene, reaper (rpr), that appears to play a central control function for the initiation of programmed cell death (apoptosis) in Drosophila was identified. Virtually all programmed cell death that normally occurs during Drosophila embryogenesis was blocked in embryos homozygous for a small deletion that includes the reaper gene. Mutant embryos contained many extra cells and failed to hatch, but many other aspects of development appeared quite normal. Deletions that include reaper also protected embryos from apoptosis caused by x-irradiation and developmental defects. However, high doses of x-rays induced some apoptosis in mutant embryos, and the resulting corpses were phagocytosed by macrophages. These data suggest that the basic cell death program is intact although it was not activated in mutant embryos. The DNA encompassed by the deletion was cloned and the reaper gene was identified on the basis of the ability of cloned DNA to restore apoptosis to cell death defective embryos in germ line transformation experiments. The reaper gene appears to encode a small peptide that shows no homology to known proteins, and reaper messenger RNA is expressed in cells destined to undergo apoptosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉White, K -- Grether, M E -- Abrams, J M -- Young, L -- Farrell, K -- Steller, H -- 5 F32 NS08536/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 29;264(5159):677-83.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cambridge, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8171319" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Apoptosis/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Primers ; Drosophila/cytology/embryology/*genetics ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology ; *Genes, Insect ; Models, Genetic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nervous System/cytology ; Neurons/cytology ; Peptides/chemistry/*genetics/physiology
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    National Institutes of Health. Report calls for smaller clinical center (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 25;263(5154):1678.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8134829" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Hospital Bed Capacity ; *Hospitals, Federal ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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  • 40
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    p53: a glimpse at the puppet behind the shadow play (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-07-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Friend, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 15;265(5170):334-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8023155" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; DNA/metabolism ; Genes, p53 ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Mutation ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*chemistry/genetics/metabolism
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    New AIDS chief takes charge (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 11;263(5152):1364-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8128215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/history ; Financing, Government/history ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics/history/*organization & ; administration ; *Research/history ; Research Support as Topic/history ; United States
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  • 42
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    [URE3] as an altered URE2 protein: evidence for a prion analog in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-22
    Description: A cytoplasmically inherited element, [URE3], allows yeast to use ureidosuccinate in the presence of ammonium ion. Chromosomal mutations in the URE2 gene produce the same phenotype. [URE3] depends for its propagation on the URE2 product (Ure2p), a negative regulator of enzymes of nitrogen metabolism. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains cured of [URE3] with guanidium chloride were shown to return to the [URE3]-carrying state without its introduction from other cells. Overproduction of Ure2p increased the frequency with which a strain became [URE3] by 100-fold. In analogy to mammalian prions, [URE3] may be an altered form of Ure2p that is inactive for its normal function but can convert normal Ure2p to the altered form. The genetic evidence presented here suggests that protein-based inheritance, involving a protein unrelated to the mammalian prion protein, can occur in a microorganism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wickner, R B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 22;264(5158):566-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section on Genetics of Simple Eukaryotes, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7909170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aspartic Acid/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Crosses, Genetic ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Genes, Dominant ; Genes, Fungal ; Genes, Recessive ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Guanidine ; Guanidines/pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Plasmids ; PrPSc Proteins ; Prions/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics/metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
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    Court says no to copying articles (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lawler, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 25;266(5189):1315.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973716" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Copyright/*legislation & jurisprudence ; United States
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  • 44
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    New fight over fetal tissue grafts (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 4;263(5147):600-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303261" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; Control Groups ; Double-Blind Method ; Federal Government ; *Fetal Research ; *Fetal Tissue Transplantation ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Parkinson Disease/*surgery ; Peer Review, Research ; Research Subjects ; Research Support as Topic ; Risk Assessment ; United States
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  • 45
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    Effects of cerebral ischemia in mice deficient in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-23
    Description: The proposal that nitric oxide (NO) or its reactant products mediate toxicity in brain remains controversial in part because of the use of nonselective agents that block NO formation in neuronal, glial, and vascular compartments. In mutant mice deficient in neuronal NO synthase (NOS) activity, infarct volumes decreased significantly 24 and 72 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion, and the neurological deficits were less than those in normal mice. This result could not be accounted for by differences in blood flow or vascular anatomy. However, infarct size in the mutant became larger after endothelial NOS inhibition by nitro-L-arginine administration. Hence, neuronal NO production appears to exacerbate acute ischemic injury, whereas vascular NO protects after middle cerebral artery occlusion. The data emphasize the importance of developing selective inhibitors of the neuronal isoform.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huang, Z -- Huang, P L -- Panahian, N -- Dalkara, T -- Fishman, M C -- Moskowitz, M A -- NS10828/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS2636/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1883-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stroke Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown 02129.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7522345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors/deficiency/*metabolism ; Animals ; Arginine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Brain/enzymology/*metabolism ; Brain Ischemia/complications/*metabolism ; Cerebral Infarction/*etiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutation ; Neurons/*enzymology ; Nitric Oxide/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitroarginine
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  • 46
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    Diet and health: what should we eat? (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-22
    Description: Many recent studies have implicated dietary factors in the cause and prevention of important diseases, including cancer, coronary heart disease, birth defects, and cataracts. There is strong evidence that vegetables and fruits protect against these diseases; however, the active constituents are incompletely identified. Whether fat per se is a major cause of disease is a question still under debate, although saturated and partially hydrogenated fats probably increase the risk of coronary heart disease. One clear conclusion from existing epidemiologic evidence is that many individuals in the United States have suboptimal diets and that the potential for disease prevention by improved nutrition is substantial.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willett, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 22;264(5158):532-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8160011" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Coronary Disease/etiology/prevention & control ; Dairy Products ; *Diet ; Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage ; Dietary Fats/administration & dosage ; Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms/etiology/prevention & control ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Preventive Medicine ; United States ; Vegetables
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  • 47
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    Biomedicine: Americans don't get it (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barinaga, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 4;263(5151):1225-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8122104" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Science Disciplines ; Data Collection ; Educational Status ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; United States
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  • 48
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    Model programs take aim at HIV rates in Indonesia (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stevens, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 1;264(5155):24-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8140414" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Female ; Government Agencies ; Health Education ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; *Health Promotion ; Humans ; Indonesia/epidemiology ; Male ; United States ; World Health Organization
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  • 49
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    Environmental estrogens (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolff, M S -- Landrigan, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 28;266(5185):526-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7818673" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Body Burden ; Breast Neoplasms/*chemically induced/epidemiology ; DDT/*adverse effects ; Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene/analysis ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Environmental Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Pesticide Residues/analysis ; United States
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  • 50
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    Degeneration of a nonrecombining chromosome (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-01-14
    Description: Comparative studies suggest that sex chromosomes begin as ordinary autosomes that happen to carry a major sex determining locus. Over evolutionary time the Y chromosome is selected to stop recombining with the X chromosome, perhaps in response to accumulation of alleles beneficial to the heterogametic but harmful to the homogametic sex. Population genetic theory predicts that a nonrecombining Y chromosome should degenerate. Here this prediction is tested by application of specific selection pressures to Drosophila melanogaster populations. Results demonstrate the decay of a nonrecombining, nascent Y chromosome and the capacity for recombination to ameliorate such decay.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rice, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 14;263(5144):230-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8284674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/physiology ; Female ; Haplotypes ; Male ; Mutation ; *Recombination, Genetic ; *Y Chromosome
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    Fostering young investigators (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lehrer, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):954.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973671" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
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    The Drosophila saxophone gene: a serine-threonine kinase receptor of the TGF-beta superfamily (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-25
    Description: The Drosophila decapentaplegic (dpp) gene encodes a transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-like protein that plays a key role in several aspects of development. Transduction of the DPP signal was investigated by cloning of serine-threonine kinase transmembrane receptors from Drosophila because this type of receptor is specific for the TGF-beta-like ligands. Here evidence is provided demonstrating that the Drosophila saxophone (sax) gene, a previously identified female sterile locus, encodes a TGF-beta-like type I receptor. Embryos from sax mothers and dpp embryos exhibit similar mutant phenotypes during early gastrulation, and these two loci exhibit genetic interactions, which suggest that they are utilized in the same pathway. These data suggest that sax encodes a receptor for dpp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Xie, T -- Finelli, A L -- Padgett, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 25;263(5154):1756-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Waksman Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0759.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8134837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Drosophila/embryology/*genetics/metabolism ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; Insect Hormones/genetics/*metabolism ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics/*metabolism
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    Arabidopsis ABA response gene ABI1: features of a calcium-modulated protein phosphatase (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-03
    Description: The Arabidopsis ABI1 locus is essential for a wide spectrum of abscisic acid (ABA) responses throughout plant development. Here, ABI1 was shown to regulate stomatal aperture in leaves and mitotic activity in root meristems. The ABI1 gene was cloned and predicted to encode a signaling protein. Although its carboxyl-terminal domain is related to serine-threonine phosphatase 2C, the ABI1 protein has a unique amino-terminal extension containing an EF hand calcium-binding site. These results suggest that the ABI1 protein is a Ca(2+)-modulated phosphatase and functions to integrate ABA and Ca2+ signals with phosphorylation-dependent response pathways.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leung, J -- Bouvier-Durand, M -- Morris, P C -- Guerrier, D -- Chefdor, F -- Giraudat, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 3;264(5164):1448-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut des Sciences Vegetales, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR 40, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7910981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abscisic Acid/*pharmacology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Arabidopsis/chemistry/cytology/*genetics/physiology ; *Arabidopsis Proteins ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Genes, Plant ; Mitosis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Signal Transduction ; Transformation, Genetic
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  • 54
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    Sequential interactions of the TCR with two distinct cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-25
    Description: The T cell antigen receptor (TCR) initiates signals by interacting with cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) through a 17-residue sequence motif [called the antigen recognition activation motif (ARAM)] that is contained in the TCR zeta and CD3 chains. TCR stimulation induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of several cellular substrates, including the ARAMs. Lck kinase activity is required for phosphorylation of two conserved tyrosine residues in an ARAM. This phosphorylation leads to the recruitment of a second cytoplasmic PTK, ZAP-70, through both of the ZAP-70 Src homology 2 domains and its phosphorylation. Thus, TCR signal transduction is initiated by the sequential interaction of two PTKs with TCR ARAMs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iwashima, M -- Irving, B A -- van Oers, N S -- Chan, A C -- Weiss, A -- AR-20684/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- GM39553/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 25;263(5150):1136-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7509083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens, CD8/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cytoplasm/enzymology ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotyrosine ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
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  • 55
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    A designed peptide ligase for total synthesis of ribonuclease A with unnatural catalytic residues (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-14
    Description: An engineered variant of subtilisin BPN', termed subtiligase, which efficiently ligates esterified peptides in aqueous solution, was used for the complete synthesis of ribonuclease (RNase) A that contains unnatural catalytic residues. Fully active RNase A (124 residues long) was produced in milligram quantities by stepwise ligation of six esterified peptide fragments (each 12 to 30 residues long) at yields averaging 70 percent per ligation. Variants of RNase A were produced in which the catalytic histidines at positions 12 and 119 were substituted with the unnatural amino acid 4-fluorohistidine, which has a pKa of 3.5 compared to 6.8 for histidine. Large changes in the profile of the pH as it affects rate occurred for the single and double mutants with surprisingly little change in the kcat for either the RNA cleavage or hydrolysis steps. The data indicate that these imidazoles function as general acids and bases, but that the proton transfer steps are not rate-limiting when the imidazoles are present in their correct protonation states. These studies indicate the potential of subtiligase for the blockwise synthesis of large proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, D Y -- Burnier, J -- Quan, C -- Stanley, M -- Tom, J -- Wells, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 14;266(5183):243-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Protein Engineering, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Esterification ; Histidine/analogs & derivatives/analysis ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nucleotides, Cyclic/metabolism ; Protein Engineering/*methods ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/*chemical synthesis/chemistry/isolation & purification ; Subtilisins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Uridine Monophosphate/metabolism
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    Feds drop Gallo criminal probe (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-01-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 28;263(5146):459.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8290947" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: HIV/*isolation & purification ; History, 20th Century ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States
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  • 57
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    Two identical noninteracting sites in an ion channel revealed by proton transfer (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-23
    Description: The functional consequences of single proton transfers occurring in the pore of a cyclic nucleotide-gated channel were observed with patch recording techniques. These results led to three conclusions about the chemical nature of ion binding sites in the conduction pathway: The channel contains two identical titratable sites, even though there are more than two (probably four) identical subunits; the sites are formed by glutamate residues that have a pKa (where K(a) is the acid constant) of 7.6; and protonation of one site does not perturb the pKa of the other. These properties point to an unusual arrangement of carboxyl side-chain residues in the pore of a cation channel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Root, M J -- MacKinnon, R -- 5 T32 GM083113/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM47400/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1852-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7522344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Calcium Channels/metabolism ; Catfishes ; Electric Conductivity ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ion Channel Gating ; Ion Channels/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; *Protons ; Sodium/metabolism ; Xenopus
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    Functional role of type I and type II interferons in antiviral defense (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-24
    Description: Mice lacking the known subunit of the type I interferon (IFN) receptor were completely unresponsive to type I IFNs, suggesting that this receptor chain is essential for type I IFN-mediated signal transduction. These mice showed no overt anomalies but were unable to cope with viral infections, despite otherwise normal immune responses. Comparison of mice lacking either type I or type II IFN receptors showed that, at least in response to some viruses, both IFN systems are essential for antiviral defense and are functionally nonredundant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muller, U -- Steinhoff, U -- Reis, L F -- Hemmi, S -- Pavlovic, J -- Zinkernagel, R M -- Aguet, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 24;264(5167):1918-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Molecular Biology I, University of Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8009221" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alphavirus Infections/immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis ; Disease Susceptibility ; Immunity, Innate ; Interferon Type I/*physiology ; Interferon-gamma/*physiology ; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis/immunology ; Membrane Proteins ; Mice ; Mutation ; Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta ; Receptors, Interferon/genetics/*physiology ; Rhabdoviridae Infections/immunology ; Semliki forest virus ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus ; Virus Diseases/*immunology
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    Children's vaccine initiative stumbles (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibbons, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 2;265(5177):1376-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8073274" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Child ; *Child Welfare ; Child, Preschool ; *Developing Countries ; *Global Health ; Humans ; *Immunization Programs ; Infant ; Research ; United Nations ; United States ; *Vaccines, Combined
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    NIH AIDS office clings to power (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-07-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 1;265(5168):19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8016649" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; *Research ; United States
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    Interaction of IL-2R beta and gamma c chains with Jak1 and Jak3: implications for XSCID and XCID (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-11
    Description: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) signaling requires the dimerization of the IL-2 receptor beta.(IL-2R beta) and common gamma (gamma c) chains. Mutations of gamma c can result in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (XSCID). IL-2, IL-4, IL-7 (whose receptors are known to contain gamma c), and IL-9 (whose receptor is shown here to contain gamma c) induced the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the Janus family tyrosine kinases Jak1 and Jak3. Jak1 and Jak3 associated with IL-2R beta and gamma c, respectively; IL-2 induced Jak3-IL-2R beta and increased Jak3-gamma c associations. Truncations of gamma c, and a gamma c, point mutation causing moderate X-linked combined immunodeficiency (XCID), decreased gamma c-Jak3 association. Thus, gamma c mutations in at least some XSCID and XCID patients prevent normal Jak3 activation, suggesting that mutations of Jak3 may result in an XSCID-like phenotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Russell, S M -- Johnston, J A -- Noguchi, M -- Kawamura, M -- Bacon, C M -- Friedmann, M -- Berg, M -- McVicar, D W -- Witthuhn, B A -- Silvennoinen, O -- P30 CA21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK42932/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 11;266(5187):1042-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Interleukin-2/pharmacology ; Janus Kinase 1 ; Janus Kinase 3 ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Point Mutation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Receptors, Interleukin-2/genetics/*metabolism ; Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/genetics/*immunology/metabolism ; Transfection ; Tyrosine/metabolism
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    Plague vaccine "regulations": ensuring quality (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-12-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zoon, K C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 9;266(5191):1626.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7992037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Drug Industry ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Military Personnel ; Plague/*prevention & control ; Plague Vaccine/*standards ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    ORI and misconduct investigations (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bivens, L W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 4;263(5147):593.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303258" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biomedical Research ; Federal Government ; *Government Regulation ; *Scientific Misconduct ; United States ; *United States Office of Research Integrity
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    Colon cancer screening (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Danks, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 1;264(5155):13-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8140413" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis/*diagnosis/genetics ; *Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Mutation
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    Enhanced aggressive behavior in mice lacking 5-HT1B receptor (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-23
    Description: The neuromodulator serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has been associated with mood disorders such as depression, anxiety, and impulsive violence. To define the contribution of 5-HT receptor subtypes to behavior, mutant mice lacking the 5-HT1B receptor were generated by homologous recombination. These mice did not exhibit any obvious developmental or behavioral defects. However, the hyperlocomotor effect of the 5-HT1A/1B agonist RU24969 was absent in mutant mice, indicating that this effect is mediated by 5-HT1B receptors. Moreover, when confronted with an intruder, mutant mice attacked the intruder faster and more intensely than did wild-type mice, suggesting the participation of 5-HT1B receptors in aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saudou, F -- Amara, D A -- Dierich, A -- LeMeur, M -- Ramboz, S -- Segu, L -- Buhot, M C -- Hen, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1875-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire des Eucaryotes du CNRS, U184 de l'INSERM, Faculte de Medecine, Strasbourg, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8091214" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*physiology ; Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Chimera ; Female ; Indoles/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Mutation ; Pindolol/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B ; Receptors, Serotonin/analysis/genetics/*physiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
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    Adequate supplies of fruits and vegetables (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 25;266(5189):1303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973710" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Carcinogenicity Tests ; Diet ; Female ; *Fruit ; *Fungicides, Industrial/toxicity ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; *Vegetables
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    p53 status and the efficacy of cancer therapy in vivo (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-04
    Description: The therapeutic responsiveness of genetically defined tumors expressing or devoid of the p53 tumor suppressor gene was compared in immunocompromised mice. Tumors expressing the p53 gene contained a high proportion of apoptotic cells and typically regressed after treatment with gamma radiation or adriamycin. In contrast, p53-deficient tumors treated with the same regimens continued to enlarge and contained few apoptotic cells. Acquired mutations in p53 were associated with both treatment resistance and relapse in p53-expressing tumors. These results establish that defects in apoptosis, here caused by the inactivation of p53, can produce treatment-resistant tumors and suggest that p53 status may be an important determinant of tumor response to therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lowe, S W -- Bodis, S -- McClatchey, A -- Remington, L -- Ruley, H E -- Fisher, D E -- Housman, D E -- Jacks, T -- 5R27CA17575/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA14051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA40602/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 4;266(5186):807-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973635" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Doxorubicin/*therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance ; Fibrosarcoma/drug therapy/*genetics/radiotherapy/*therapy ; *Gamma Rays ; *Genes, p53/genetics ; Immunocompromised Host ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Radiation Tolerance
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    A National Institute for the Environment (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saundry, P D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 8;264(5156):185.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8146642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Environment ; *Government Agencies ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States
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    Jak-STAT pathways and transcriptional activation in response to IFNs and other extracellular signaling proteins (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-03
    Description: Through the study of transcriptional activation in response to interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), a previously unrecognized direct signal transduction pathway to the nucleus has been uncovered: IFN-receptor interaction at the cell surface leads to the activation of kinases of the Jak family that then phosphorylate substrate proteins called STATs (signal transducers and activators of transcription). The phosphorylated STAT proteins move to the nucleus, bind specific DNA elements, and direct transcription. Recognition of the molecules involved in the IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma pathway has led to discoveries that a number of STAT family members exist and that other polypeptide ligands also use the Jak-STAT molecules in signal transduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Darnell, J E Jr -- Kerr, I M -- Stark, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 3;264(5164):1415-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8197455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Genes ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Humans ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3 ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit ; Interferon-alpha/*pharmacology ; Interferon-gamma/*pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcriptional Activation
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    AAAS sells on-line clinical journal (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-08-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 12;265(5174):867.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8052842" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials as Topic ; Medlars ; *Online Systems ; *Periodicals as Topic ; *Publishing ; *Societies, Scientific ; United States
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    Digenic retinitis pigmentosa due to mutations at the unlinked peripherin/RDS and ROM1 loci (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-10
    Description: In spite of recent advances in identifying genes causing monogenic human disease, very little is known about the genes involved in polygenic disease. Three families were identified with mutations in the unlinked photoreceptor-specific genes ROM1 and peripherin/RDS, in which only double heterozygotes develop retinitis pigmentosa (RP). These findings indicate that the allelic and nonallelic heterogeneity known to be a feature of monogenic RP is complicated further by interactions between unlinked mutations causing digenic RP. Recognition of the inheritance pattern exemplified by these three families might facilitate the identification of other examples of digenic inheritance in human disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kajiwara, K -- Berson, E L -- Dryja, T P -- EY00169/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY08683/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 10;264(5165):1604-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Berman-Gund Laboratory for the Study of Retinal Degenerations, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8202715" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Electroretinography ; Eye Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Female ; Genes, Dominant ; Genes, Recessive ; Genetic Linkage ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Intermediate Filament Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Male ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Pedigree ; Peripherins ; Retinitis Pigmentosa/*genetics ; Rod Cell Outer Segment/chemistry ; Tetraspanins
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    Science in the national interest (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abelson, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 18;263(5149):899.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8310282" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Financing, Government ; Government Agencies/economics ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; *Science ; United States
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    Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-07-08
    Description: A gene encoding a 35-kilodalton guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein, Gem, was cloned from mitogen-induced human peripheral blood T cells. Gem and Rad, the product of a gene overexpressed in skeletal muscle in individuals with Type II diabetes, constitute a new family of Ras-related GTP-binding proteins. The distinct structural features of this family include the G3 GTP-binding motif, extensive amino- and carboxyl-terminal extensions beyond the Ras-related domain, and a motif that determines membrane association. Gem was transiently expressed in human peripheral blood T cells in response to mitogenic stimulation; the protein was phosphorylated on tyrosine residues and localized to the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. Deregulated Gem expression prevented proliferation of normal and transformed 3T3 cells. These results suggest that Gem is a regulatory protein, possibly participating in receptor-mediated signal transduction at the plasma membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maguire, J -- Santoro, T -- Jensen, P -- Siebenlist, U -- Yewdell, J -- Kelly, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 8;265(5169):241-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7912851" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Cell Death ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Genes, ras ; Guanosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Immediate-Early Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins ; Mutation ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Transfection ; *ras Proteins
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    EPA dioxin reassessment (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-12-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bradfield, C A -- Gallo, M A -- Gasiewicz, T A -- Greenberg, R S -- Greenlee, W F -- Margolick, J -- Mattison, D R -- Munson, P -- Neal, R A -- Okey, A B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 9;266(5191):1628-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7992038" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens ; Dioxins/*adverse effects ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Environmental Protection Agency
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    The sex determination process in maize (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-12-02
    Description: Maize partitions the sexes into different flowers on the plant, a condition called monoecy, which facilitates outcrossing. Sex determination in maize is a complex process involving an interplay between genetic determinants, the environment, and hormones. Unisexuality of flowers is achieved by the process of selective arrest and abortion of the inappropriate organ primordia within a bisexual floral meristem. Floral organ abortion is associated with the degeneration of cells within an immature primordia. Masculinizing genes are required for gynoecial abortion, feminizing genes arrest stamen development, and both types also control secondary sexual traits involving morphological characteristics of floral tissues. Gibberellins, steroid-like plant hormones, appear to play a pivotal role in the stamen abortion process and the feminization of floral tissues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dellaporta, S L -- Calderon-Urrea, A -- GM38148/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 2;266(5190):1501-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7985019" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Genes, Plant ; Gibberellins/biosynthesis/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Zea mays/*genetics/*growth & development
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Recombination between viral RNA and transgenic plant transcripts (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-11
    Description: Transformed plants expressing the 3' two-thirds of the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) capsid gene were inoculated with a CCMV deletion mutant lacking the 3' one-third of the capsid gene. Although the deletion inoculum replicates in inoculated cells, systemic infections occur only if recombination restores a functional capsid gene. Four of 125 inoculated transgenic plants, representing three different transgenic lines, became systemically infected. Analysis of viral RNA confirmed that RNA recombination had united the transgenic messenger RNA and the challenging virus through aberrant homologous recombination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greene, A E -- Allison, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 11;263(5152):1423-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1312.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8128222" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Bromovirus/*genetics/physiology ; Capsid/genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Genes, Viral ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics/*microbiology ; Plants, Toxic ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; RNA, Viral/*genetics ; *Recombination, Genetic ; Tobacco/genetics/microbiology ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 77
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    Forensic DNA goes to court with O.J (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nowak, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 2;265(5177):1352-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7915432" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *DNA Fingerprinting/methods/standards ; *Famous Persons ; *Football ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Laboratories/standards ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Reproducibility of Results ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 78
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    Breast cancer gene offers surprises (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nowak, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1796-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8091205" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: BRCA1 Protein ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; Female ; Genes ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Proteins/*genetics ; Transcription Factors/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 79
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    Looking ahead to cigarette regulation (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-08-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nowak, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 12;265(5174):863-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8052839" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Nicotine ; Smoking/*legislation & jurisprudence ; *Substance-Related Disorders ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 80
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    Deletion of a DNA polymerase beta gene segment in T cells using cell type-specific gene targeting (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-07-01
    Description: Deletion of the promoter and the first exon of the DNA polymerase beta gene (pol beta) in the mouse germ line results in a lethal phenotype. With the use of the bacteriophage-derived, site-specific recombinase Cre in a transgenic approach, the same mutation can be selectively introduced into a particular cellular compartment-in this case, T cells. The impact of the mutation on those cells can then be analyzed because the mutant animals are viable.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gu, H -- Marth, J D -- Orban, P C -- Mossmann, H -- Rajewsky, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 1;265(5168):103-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8016642" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; DNA Nucleotidyltransferases/genetics/metabolism ; DNA Polymerase I/*genetics/metabolism ; Female ; *Gene Deletion ; Genetic Engineering/*methods ; Homozygote ; *Integrases ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mutation ; Recombination, Genetic ; Stem Cells/enzymology ; T-Lymphocytes/*enzymology ; Transfection ; *Viral Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 81
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    The politics of alternative medicine (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 30;265(5181):2000-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8091220" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Budgets ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Complementary Therapies/economics/legislation & jurisprudence/*organization & ; administration ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 82
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    Human embryo research. Grant applications pile up at NIH (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 7;266(5182):27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939641" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Advisory Committees ; Bioethics ; *Embryo Research ; *Embryo, Mammalian ; Federal Government ; Financing, Government ; *Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Research/*standards ; Research Embryo Creation ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 83
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    Sources of dioxin (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-21
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dudley, B -- Costner, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 21;266(5184):349-50; author reply 350-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939672" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Body Burden ; *Chlorine ; Dioxins/*analysis ; Environmental Pollutants/*analysis ; *Hazardous Substances ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 84
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    Fighting parasites on a shoestring (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aldhous, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 24;264(5167):1857-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8009209" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Developing Countries ; Foundations/economics ; Government Agencies/economics ; Humans ; International Agencies/*economics ; Parasitic Diseases/drug therapy ; Parasitology/*economics ; *Research Support as Topic ; Tropical Medicine/*economics ; United Nations ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 85
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    Nicotine scrutinized as FDA seeks to regulate cigarettes (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nowak, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 18;263(5153):1555-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8128237" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Drug and Narcotic Control ; Humans ; Limbic System/drug effects/metabolism ; *Nicotine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Cholinergic/drug effects/metabolism ; *Smoking ; *Substance-Related Disorders ; United States ; *United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 86
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    Scientific misconduct. NIH tightens clinical trials monitoring (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seachrist, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 22;264(5158):499.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8160006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control/radiotherapy/surgery ; Clinical Trials as Topic/*standards ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Endometrial Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Female ; Humans ; Investigational New Drug Application ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; *Scientific Misconduct ; Tamoxifen/adverse effects ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    On the trail of a second susceptibility gene (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Brien, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1798.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8091206" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Breast Neoplasms/*genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Peer review. Congress finds little bias in system (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-08-12
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 12;265(5174):863.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8052838" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Government Agencies ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Peer Review, Research ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Of flies and fishes (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nusslein-Volhard, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 28;266(5185):572-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck-Institut fur Entwicklungsbiologie, Tubingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7939708" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila/embryology/*genetics ; *Embryonic Development ; *Genes ; *Genes, Insect ; Mutation ; Point Mutation ; Zebrafish/embryology/*genetics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Hughes to add 49 new investigators (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 11;263(5148):746.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes/economics ; *Research Personnel ; United States
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 91
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    A hearty endorsement for aspirin (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-01-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aldhous, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jan 7;263(5143):24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8272863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aspirin/*therapeutic use ; Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis/*prevention & control ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 92
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    RNA editing: transfer of genetic information from gRNA to precursor mRNA in vitro (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-07
    Description: RNA editing in the mitochondrion of Trypanosoma brucei extensively alters the adenosine triphosphate synthase (ATPase) subunit 6 precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) by addition of 447 uridines and removal of 28 uridines. In vivo, the guide RNA gA6[14] is thought to specify the deletion of two uridines from the editing site closest to the 3' end. In this study, an in vitro system was developed that accurately removed uridines from this editing site in synthetic ATPase 6 pre-mRNA when gA6[14] and ATP were added. Mutations in both the guide RNA and the pre-mRNA editing site suggest that base-pairing interactions control the number of uridines deleted in vitro. Thus, guide RNAs are required for RNA editing and for the transfer of genetic information to pre-mRNAs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seiwert, S D -- Stuart, K -- GM 42188/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Oct 7;266(5182):114-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06536-0182.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7524149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/genetics ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; RNA/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; *RNA Editing ; RNA Precursors/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Guide/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Protozoan/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Trypanosoma brucei brucei/*genetics/metabolism ; Uridine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 93
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    Hepatitis study. Drug trial deaths deemed unavoidable (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 10;264(5165):1530.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8202706" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antiviral Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Arabinofuranosyluracil/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic/*standards ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury ; Federal Government ; Government Regulation ; Hepatitis B/*drug therapy ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Pancreatic Diseases/chemically induced ; *Research Subjects ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 94
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    The mating of a fly (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-17
    Description: Courtship in Drosophila is influenced by a wide variety of genes, in that many different kinds of pleiotropic mutations lead to defective courtship. This may seem to be a truism, but the broad temporal and spatial expression of most of the fly's "neuro genes" makes it difficult to exclude elements of such genes' actions as materially underlying reproductive behavior. "Courtship genes" that seem to play more particular roles were originally identified as sensory, learning, or rhythm mutations; their reproductive abnormalities have been especially informative for revealing components of male or female actions that might otherwise have gone unnoticed. Further behavioral mutations seemed originally to be courtship-specific, turned out not to have that property, and have led to a broadened perspective on the nature and action of Drosophila's sex-determination genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, J C -- GM-21473/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jun 17;264(5166):1702-14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254-9110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8209251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Drosophila melanogaster/anatomy & histology/*genetics/physiology ; Female ; *Genes, Insect ; Male ; Mutation ; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Phenotype ; Sex Characteristics ; Sex Determination Analysis ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
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  • 95
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    National Institutes of Health. New law brings affirmative action to clinical research (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Feb 4;263(5147):602.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8303263" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic/*legislation & jurisprudence/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Minority Groups ; *National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; United States ; *Women's Health
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 96
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    Stalking the start of colon cancer (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Service, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 18;263(5153):1559-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8128240" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis/*genetics ; *DNA Repair ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; *DNA-Binding Proteins ; Databases, Factual ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; *Genes ; Humans ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 97
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    New tumor suppressor may rival p53 (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 15;264(5157):344-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8153613" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carrier Proteins/*genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; *Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; Gene Deletion ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Melanoma/genetics ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 98
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    Scripps to get less from Sandoz (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-05-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 20;264(5162):1077.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8178164" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Academies and Institutes/economics ; *Biotechnology ; *Drug Industry/economics ; Financing, Government ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; *Research ; Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 99
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    New program funds genome technology (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-05-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Anderson, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 6;264(5160):766.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8171329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotechnology/*economics ; Financing, Government ; Genetic Techniques ; Genetic Testing/*economics ; Government Agencies/*economics ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; *Research Support as Topic ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 100
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    Mutation of a mutL homolog in hereditary colon cancer (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-03-18
    Description: Some cases of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) are due to alterations in a mutS-related mismatch repair gene. A search of a large database of expressed sequence tags derived from random complementary DNA clones revealed three additional human mismatch repair genes, all related to the bacterial mutL gene. One of these genes (hMLH1) resides on chromosome 3p21, within 1 centimorgan of markers previously linked to cancer susceptibility in HNPCC kindreds. Mutations of hMLH1 that would disrupt the gene product were identified in such kindreds, demonstrating that this gene is responsible for the disease. These results suggest that defects in any of several mismatch repair genes can cause HNPCC.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Papadopoulos, N -- Nicolaides, N C -- Wei, Y F -- Ruben, S M -- Carter, K C -- Rosen, C A -- Haseltine, W A -- Fleischmann, R D -- Fraser, C M -- Adams, M D -- CA35494/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA47527/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Mar 18;263(5153):1625-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD 21231.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8128251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; *Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; Carrier Proteins ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; Codon ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis/*genetics ; *DNA Repair ; *DNA-Binding Proteins ; *Escherichia coli Proteins ; Female ; Frameshift Mutation ; *Genes ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Nuclear Proteins ; Open Reading Frames ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; Sequence Deletion ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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