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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-20
    Beschreibung: Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are often characterized as remedies to educational disparities related to social class. Using data from 68 MOOCs offered by Harvard and MIT between 2012 and 2014, we found that course participants from the United States tended to live in more-affluent and better-educated neighborhoods than the average U.S. resident. Among those who did register for courses, students with greater socioeconomic resources were more likely to earn a certificate. Furthermore, these differences in MOOC access and completion were larger for adolescents and young adults, the traditional ages where people find on-ramps into science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) coursework and careers. Our findings raise concerns that MOOCs and similar approaches to online learning can exacerbate rather than reduce disparities in educational outcomes related to socioeconomic status.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hansen, John D -- Reich, Justin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 4;350(6265):1245-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aab3782. Epub 2015 Dec 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. john_hansen@mail.harvard.edu. ; Office of Digital Learning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785488" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Career Choice ; Certification/*methods ; Education, Distance/*methods ; Engineering/education ; Humans ; Internet ; Learning ; Mathematics/education ; *Online Systems ; Science/education ; *Social Class ; Students ; Technology/education ; United States ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-02-27
    Beschreibung: Ebola virus disease in humans is highly lethal, with case fatality rates ranging from 25 to 90%. There is no licensed treatment or vaccine against the virus, underscoring the need for efficacious countermeasures. We ascertained that a human survivor of the 1995 Kikwit Ebola virus disease outbreak maintained circulating antibodies against the Ebola virus surface glycoprotein for more than a decade after infection. From this survivor we isolated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that neutralize recent and previous outbreak variants of Ebola virus and mediate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro. Strikingly, monotherapy with mAb114 protected macaques when given as late as 5 days after challenge. Treatment with a single human mAb suggests that a simplified therapeutic strategy for human Ebola infection may be possible.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Corti, Davide -- Misasi, John -- Mulangu, Sabue -- Stanley, Daphne A -- Kanekiyo, Masaru -- Wollen, Suzanne -- Ploquin, Aurelie -- Doria-Rose, Nicole A -- Staupe, Ryan P -- Bailey, Michael -- Shi, Wei -- Choe, Misook -- Marcus, Hadar -- Thompson, Emily A -- Cagigi, Alberto -- Silacci, Chiara -- Fernandez-Rodriguez, Blanca -- Perez, Laurent -- Sallusto, Federica -- Vanzetta, Fabrizia -- Agatic, Gloria -- Cameroni, Elisabetta -- Kisalu, Neville -- Gordon, Ingelise -- Ledgerwood, Julie E -- Mascola, John R -- Graham, Barney S -- Muyembe-Tamfun, Jean-Jacques -- Trefry, John C -- Lanzavecchia, Antonio -- Sullivan, Nancy J -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 18;351(6279):1339-42. doi: 10.1126/science.aad5224. Epub 2016 Feb 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera Italiana, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. Humabs BioMed SA, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. ; Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA. ; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera Italiana, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. ; Humabs BioMed SA, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. ; National Institute for Biomedical Research, National Laboratory of Public Health, Kinshasa B.P. 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo. ; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita della Svizzera Italiana, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland. Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. njsull@mail.nih.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26917593" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*administration & dosage/immunology/isolation & ; purification ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/*administration & dosage/immunology/isolation & ; purification ; Antibodies, Viral/*administration & dosage/immunology/isolation & purification ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Disease Outbreaks ; Ebolavirus/*immunology ; Female ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Macaca ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Survivors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-19
    Beschreibung: Steroids regulate cell proliferation, tissue development, and cell signaling via two pathways: a nuclear receptor mechanism and genome-independent signaling. Sperm activation, egg maturation, and steroid-induced anesthesia are executed via the latter pathway, the key components of which remain unknown. Here, we present characterization of the human sperm progesterone receptor that is conveyed by the orphan enzyme alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 2 (ABHD2). We show that ABHD2 is highly expressed in spermatozoa, binds progesterone, and acts as a progesterone-dependent lipid hydrolase by depleting the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG) from plasma membrane. The 2AG inhibits the sperm calcium channel (CatSper), and its removal leads to calcium influx via CatSper and ensures sperm activation. This study reveals that progesterone-activated endocannabinoid depletion by ABHD2 is a general mechanism by which progesterone exerts its genome-independent action and primes sperm for fertilization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miller, Melissa R -- Mannowetz, Nadja -- Iavarone, Anthony T -- Safavi, Rojin -- Gracheva, Elena O -- Smith, James F -- Hill, Rose Z -- Bautista, Diana M -- Kirichok, Yuriy -- Lishko, Polina V -- 1S10OD020062-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR059385/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01AR059385/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM111802/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01HD068914/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R21HD081403/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- S10RR025622/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 29;352(6285):555-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aad6887. Epub 2016 Mar 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; QB3/Chemistry Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. ; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology; Department of Neuroscience, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair (CNNR), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06536, USA. ; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. ; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. ; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. lishko@berkeley.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26989199" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Animals ; Arachidonic Acids/*deficiency ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Channels/metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Endocannabinoids/*deficiency ; Fertilization ; Glycerides/*deficiency ; Humans ; Hydrolases/genetics/*metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Progesterone/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Progesterone/genetics/*metabolism ; Sperm Motility/drug effects/*physiology ; Spermatozoa/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-05
    Beschreibung: Examining complete gene knockouts within a viable organism can inform on gene function. We sequenced the exomes of 3222 British adults of Pakistani heritage with high parental relatedness, discovering 1111 rare-variant homozygous genotypes with predicted loss of function (knockouts) in 781 genes. We observed 13.7% fewer homozygous knockout genotypes than we expected, implying an average load of 1.6 recessive-lethal-equivalent loss-of-function (LOF) variants per adult. When genetic data were linked to the individuals' lifelong health records, we observed no significant relationship between gene knockouts and clinical consultation or prescription rate. In this data set, we identified a healthy PRDM9-knockout mother and performed phased genome sequencing on her, her child, and control individuals. Our results show that meiotic recombination sites are localized away from PRDM9-dependent hotspots. Thus, natural LOF variants inform on essential genetic loci and demonstrate PRDM9 redundancy in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Narasimhan, Vagheesh M -- Hunt, Karen A -- Mason, Dan -- Baker, Christopher L -- Karczewski, Konrad J -- Barnes, Michael R -- Barnett, Anthony H -- Bates, Chris -- Bellary, Srikanth -- Bockett, Nicholas A -- Giorda, Kristina -- Griffiths, Christopher J -- Hemingway, Harry -- Jia, Zhilong -- Kelly, M Ann -- Khawaja, Hajrah A -- Lek, Monkol -- McCarthy, Shane -- McEachan, Rosie -- O'Donnell-Luria, Anne -- Paigen, Kenneth -- Parisinos, Constantinos A -- Sheridan, Eamonn -- Southgate, Laura -- Tee, Louise -- Thomas, Mark -- Xue, Yali -- Schnall-Levin, Michael -- Petkov, Petko M -- Tyler-Smith, Chris -- Maher, Eamonn R -- Trembath, Richard C -- MacArthur, Daniel G -- Wright, John -- Durbin, Richard -- van Heel, David A -- GM 099640/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- MR/M009017/1/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 GM104371/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM104371/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- WT098051/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- WT099769/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- WT101597/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- WT102627/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- Arthritis Research UK/United Kingdom -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Department of Health/United Kingdom -- Chief Scientist Office/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 22;352(6284):474-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aac8624. Epub 2016 Mar 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK. ; Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK. ; Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Bradford BD9 6RJ, UK. ; Center for Genome Dynamics, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA. ; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK. ; Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham B9 5SS, UK. ; TPP, Mill House, Troy Road, Leeds LS18 5TN, UK. ; Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK. ; 10X Genomics, 7068 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 415, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA. ; Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, London NW1 2DA, UK. Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London NW1 2DA, UK. ; School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. ; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Box 238, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK. Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK. ; Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK. ; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK. rd@sanger.ac.uk d.vanheel@qmul.ac.uk. ; Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK. rd@sanger.ac.uk d.vanheel@qmul.ac.uk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26940866" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Consanguinity ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Drug Prescriptions ; Exome/genetics ; Female ; Fertility ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Genes, Lethal ; Genetic Loci ; Genome, Human ; Great Britain ; *Health ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/*genetics ; Homologous Recombination ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers ; Pakistan/ethnology ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-04-23
    Beschreibung: Influenza A virus (IAV) causes up to half a million deaths worldwide annually, 90% of which occur in older adults. We show that IAV-infected monocytes from older humans have impaired antiviral interferon production but retain intact inflammasome responses. To understand the in vivo consequence, we used mice expressing a functional Mx gene encoding a major interferon-induced effector against IAV in humans. In Mx1-intact mice with weakened resistance due to deficiencies in Mavs and Tlr7, we found an elevated respiratory bacterial burden. Notably, mortality in the absence of Mavs and Tlr7 was independent of viral load or MyD88-dependent signaling but dependent on bacterial burden, caspase-1/11, and neutrophil-dependent tissue damage. Therefore, in the context of weakened antiviral resistance, vulnerability to IAV disease is a function of caspase-dependent pathology.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pillai, Padmini S -- Molony, Ryan D -- Martinod, Kimberly -- Dong, Huiping -- Pang, Iris K -- Tal, Michal C -- Solis, Angel G -- Bielecki, Piotr -- Mohanty, Subhasis -- Trentalange, Mark -- Homer, Robert J -- Flavell, Richard A -- Wagner, Denisa D -- Montgomery, Ruth R -- Shaw, Albert C -- Staeheli, Peter -- Iwasaki, Akiko -- 5T32HL066987-13/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- AI062428/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI064705/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI081884/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F31 AG039163/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272201100019C/PHS HHS/ -- K24 AG02489/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- K24 AG042489/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- N01 AI500031/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P30 AG21342/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01HL102101/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01HL125501/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007019-36/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI007019-38/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- T32 AI055403/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 22;352(6284):463-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf3926.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. ; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ; Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Institute of Virology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 11, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. akiko.iwasaki@yale.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27102485" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Bacterial Infections/etiology/*immunology ; Caspase 1/metabolism ; Caspases/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/genetics/*immunology ; Influenza A virus/*immunology ; Influenza, Human/complications/*immunology ; Interferon-beta/immunology ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Monocytes/immunology ; Myxovirus Resistance Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Neutrophils/immunology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/*immunology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/*immunology/microbiology ; Toll-Like Receptor 7/genetics/metabolism ; Viral Load ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-10-03
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merrigan, Kathleen -- Griffin, Timothy -- Wilde, Parke -- Robien, Kimberly -- Goldberg, Jeanne -- Dietz, William -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):165-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aab2031. Epub 2015 Oct 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Trachtenberg School of Public Policy and Public Administration, the George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA. kmerrigan@gwu.edu. ; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA. ; Milken Institute School of Public Health, the George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26429883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Diet/*standards ; Food Assistance ; Food Technology/*standards ; Humans ; *Nutrition Policy ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-06-13
    Beschreibung: During rest, brain activity is synchronized between different regions widely distributed throughout the brain, forming functional networks. However, the molecular mechanisms supporting functional connectivity remain undefined. We show that functional brain networks defined with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging can be recapitulated by using measures of correlated gene expression in a post mortem brain tissue data set. The set of 136 genes we identify is significantly enriched for ion channels. Polymorphisms in this set of genes significantly affect resting-state functional connectivity in a large sample of healthy adolescents. Expression levels of these genes are also significantly associated with axonal connectivity in the mouse. The results provide convergent, multimodal evidence that resting-state functional networks correlate with the orchestrated activity of dozens of genes linked to ion channel activity and synaptic function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richiardi, Jonas -- Altmann, Andre -- Milazzo, Anna-Clare -- Chang, Catie -- Chakravarty, M Mallar -- Banaschewski, Tobias -- Barker, Gareth J -- Bokde, Arun L W -- Bromberg, Uli -- Buchel, Christian -- Conrod, Patricia -- Fauth-Buhler, Mira -- Flor, Herta -- Frouin, Vincent -- Gallinat, Jurgen -- Garavan, Hugh -- Gowland, Penny -- Heinz, Andreas -- Lemaitre, Herve -- Mann, Karl F -- Martinot, Jean-Luc -- Nees, Frauke -- Paus, Tomas -- Pausova, Zdenka -- Rietschel, Marcella -- Robbins, Trevor W -- Smolka, Michael N -- Spanagel, Rainer -- Strohle, Andreas -- Schumann, Gunter -- Hawrylycz, Mike -- Poline, Jean-Baptiste -- Greicius, Michael D -- IMAGEN consortium -- 93558/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- R01 MH085772-01A1/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01NS073498/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U54 EB020403/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- Department of Health/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jun 12;348(6240):1241-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1255905. Epub 2015 Jun 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neuroscience, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. jonas.richiardi@unige.ch greicius@stanford.edu. ; Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; The War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA. Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. ; Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada. Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. ; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. ; Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. ; Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Ste Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada. ; Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Neurospin, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Paris, France. ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. ; Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. ; School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. ; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging and Psychiatry," University Paris Sud, Orsay, France. INSERM Unit 1000 at Maison de Solenn, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), Cochin Hospital, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. ; Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. ; The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. ; Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. ; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany. ; Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. ; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. Medical Research Council (MRC) Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK. ; Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA. ; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. ; Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. jonas.richiardi@unige.ch greicius@stanford.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26068849" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Ion Channels/*genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mice ; Nerve Net/metabolism/*physiology ; Neural Pathways/metabolism/physiology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Rest/*physiology ; Synapses/metabolism/physiology ; *Transcriptome ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-07-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 3;349(6243):16. doi: 10.1126/science.349.6243.16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26138958" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Age Factors ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; *Attitude ; Data Collection ; Female ; Global Warming ; Humans ; Nuclear Energy ; Politics ; *Public Opinion ; *Research ; Sex Factors ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-04-04
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kupferschmidt, Kai -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Apr 3;348(6230):20. doi: 10.1126/science.348.6230.20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25838361" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; *Early Termination of Clinical Trials ; Ebola Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Haplorhini ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/*therapy ; Humans
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-11-01
    Beschreibung: It is unknown whether the human immune system frequently mounts a T cell response against mutations expressed by common epithelial cancers. Using a next-generation sequencing approach combined with high-throughput immunologic screening, we demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from 9 out of 10 patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancers contained CD4(+) and/or CD8(+) T cells that recognized one to three neo-epitopes derived from somatic mutations expressed by the patient's own tumor. There were no immunogenic epitopes shared between these patients. However, we identified in one patient a human leukocyte antigen-C*08:02-restricted T cell receptor from CD8(+) TILs that targeted the KRAS(G12D) hotspot driver mutation found in many human cancers. Thus, a high frequency of patients with common gastrointestinal cancers harbor immunogenic mutations that can potentially be exploited for the development of highly personalized immunotherapies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tran, Eric -- Ahmadzadeh, Mojgan -- Lu, Yong-Chen -- Gros, Alena -- Turcotte, Simon -- Robbins, Paul F -- Gartner, Jared J -- Zheng, Zhili -- Li, Yong F -- Ray, Satyajit -- Wunderlich, John R -- Somerville, Robert P -- Rosenberg, Steven A -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1387-90. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1253. Epub 2015 Oct 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ; Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. sar@mail.nih.gov.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/*immunology/therapy ; HLA-C Antigens/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Immunodominant Epitopes/genetics/immunology ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; ras Proteins/genetics/immunology
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-12
    Beschreibung: Monoclonal antibodies directed against cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), such as ipilimumab, yield considerable clinical benefit for patients with metastatic melanoma by inhibiting immune checkpoint activity, but clinical predictors of response to these therapies remain incompletely characterized. To investigate the roles of tumor-specific neoantigens and alterations in the tumor microenvironment in the response to ipilimumab, we analyzed whole exomes from pretreatment melanoma tumor biopsies and matching germline tissue samples from 110 patients. For 40 of these patients, we also obtained and analyzed transcriptome data from the pretreatment tumor samples. Overall mutational load, neoantigen load, and expression of cytolytic markers in the immune microenvironment were significantly associated with clinical benefit. However, no recurrent neoantigen peptide sequences predicted responder patient populations. Thus, detailed integrated molecular characterization of large patient cohorts may be needed to identify robust determinants of response and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Allen, Eliezer M -- Miao, Diana -- Schilling, Bastian -- Shukla, Sachet A -- Blank, Christian -- Zimmer, Lisa -- Sucker, Antje -- Hillen, Uwe -- Foppen, Marnix H Geukes -- Goldinger, Simone M -- Utikal, Jochen -- Hassel, Jessica C -- Weide, Benjamin -- Kaehler, Katharina C -- Loquai, Carmen -- Mohr, Peter -- Gutzmer, Ralf -- Dummer, Reinhard -- Gabriel, Stacey -- Wu, Catherine J -- Schadendorf, Dirk -- Garraway, Levi A -- U54 HG003067/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Oct 9;350(6257):207-11. doi: 10.1126/science.aad0095. Epub 2015 Sep 10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. ; Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Medical Center, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology, Elbe-Kliniken, 21614 Buxtehude, Germany. ; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center Hannover, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium(DKTK), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany. levi_garraway@dfci.harvard.edu dirk.schadendorf@uk-essen.de. ; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. levi_garraway@dfci.harvard.edu dirk.schadendorf@uk-essen.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Antigens, Neoplasm/*genetics ; *Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics ; Exome ; Female ; Genomics ; HLA Antigens/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma/*drug therapy/*genetics/secondary ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Skin Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*genetics/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects/immunology ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-11-07
    Beschreibung: Antibodies targeting CTLA-4 have been successfully used as cancer immunotherapy. We find that the antitumor effects of CTLA-4 blockade depend on distinct Bacteroides species. In mice and patients, T cell responses specific for B. thetaiotaomicron or B. fragilis were associated with the efficacy of CTLA-4 blockade. Tumors in antibiotic-treated or germ-free mice did not respond to CTLA blockade. This defect was overcome by gavage with B. fragilis, by immunization with B. fragilis polysaccharides, or by adoptive transfer of B. fragilis-specific T cells. Fecal microbial transplantation from humans to mice confirmed that treatment of melanoma patients with antibodies against CTLA-4 favored the outgrowth of B. fragilis with anticancer properties. This study reveals a key role for Bacteroidales in the immunostimulatory effects of CTLA-4 blockade.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721659/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4721659/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vetizou, Marie -- Pitt, Jonathan M -- Daillere, Romain -- Lepage, Patricia -- Waldschmitt, Nadine -- Flament, Caroline -- Rusakiewicz, Sylvie -- Routy, Bertrand -- Roberti, Maria P -- Duong, Connie P M -- Poirier-Colame, Vichnou -- Roux, Antoine -- Becharef, Sonia -- Formenti, Silvia -- Golden, Encouse -- Cording, Sascha -- Eberl, Gerard -- Schlitzer, Andreas -- Ginhoux, Florent -- Mani, Sridhar -- Yamazaki, Takahiro -- Jacquelot, Nicolas -- Enot, David P -- Berard, Marion -- Nigou, Jerome -- Opolon, Paule -- Eggermont, Alexander -- Woerther, Paul-Louis -- Chachaty, Elisabeth -- Chaput, Nathalie -- Robert, Caroline -- Mateus, Christina -- Kroemer, Guido -- Raoult, Didier -- Boneca, Ivo Gomperts -- Carbonnel, Franck -- Chamaillard, Mathias -- Zitvogel, Laurence -- R01 CA161879/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 27;350(6264):1079-84. doi: 10.1126/science.aad1329. Epub 2015 Nov 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Micalis-UMR1319, 78360 Jouy-en-Josas, France. ; University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019, UMR 8204, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunite de Lille (CIIL), F-59000 Lille, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, New York University, New York, NY, USA. ; Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. ; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. ; Department of Genetics and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Metabolomics Platform, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Animalerie Centrale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse, France. Universite de Toulouse, Universite Paul Sabatier, IPBS, F-31077 Toulouse, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. ; Service de microbiologie, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology, UMS 3655 CNRS/US 23 INSERM, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. INSERM U981, GRCC, Villejuif, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. ; Universite Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Metabolomics Platform, GRCC, Villejuif, France. INSERM U848, Villejuif, France. Equipe 11 Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Paris, France. Pole de Biologie, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France. ; Unite des Rickettsies, Faculte de Medecine, Universite de la Mediterranee, Marseille, France. ; Institut Pasteur, Unit of Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France. INSERM, Equipe Avenir, Paris, France. ; University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Gastroenterology Department, Hopital Bicetre, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France. ; Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France. INSERM U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France. University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer 1428, Villejuif, France. laurence.zitvogel@gustaveroussy.fr.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26541610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Bacteroides/*immunology ; CTLA-4 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors/immunology ; Dysbiosis/immunology ; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects/*immunology ; Germ-Free Life/immunology ; Humans ; Immunologic Memory ; Immunotherapy ; Intestines/immunology/microbiology ; Male ; Melanoma/*therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Middle Aged ; Skin Neoplasms/*therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-05-30
    Beschreibung: Although people may endorse egalitarianism and tolerance, social biases can remain operative and drive harmful actions in an unconscious manner. Here, we investigated training to reduce implicit racial and gender bias. Forty participants processed counterstereotype information paired with one sound for each type of bias. Biases were reduced immediately after training. During subsequent slow-wave sleep, one sound was unobtrusively presented to each participant, repeatedly, to reactivate one type of training. Corresponding bias reductions were fortified in comparison with the social bias not externally reactivated during sleep. This advantage remained 1 week later, the magnitude of which was associated with time in slow-wave and rapid-eye-movement sleep after training. We conclude that memory reactivation during sleep enhances counterstereotype training and that maintaining a bias reduction is sleep-dependent.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467959/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467959/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hu, Xiaoqing -- Antony, James W -- Creery, Jessica D -- Vargas, Iliana M -- Bodenhausen, Galen V -- Paller, Ken A -- F31 MH100958/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- F31-MH100958/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32 AG020506/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- T32-AG020418/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 May 29;348(6238):1013-5. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3841.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. ; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. kap@northwestern.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26023137" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Cognition ; Continental Population Groups/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Prejudice/*psychology ; Sex Factors ; Sleep, REM/*physiology ; Young Adult
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-19
    Beschreibung: We studied the distributional preferences of an elite cadre of Yale Law School students, a group that will assume positions of power in U.S. society. Our experimental design allows us to test whether redistributive decisions are consistent with utility maximization and to decompose underlying preferences into two qualitatively different tradeoffs: fair-mindedness versus self-interest, and equality versus efficiency. Yale Law School subjects are more consistent than subjects drawn from the American Life Panel, a diverse sample of Americans. Relative to the American Life Panel, Yale Law School subjects are also less fair-minded and substantially more efficiency-focused. We further show that our measure of equality-efficiency tradeoffs predicts Yale Law School students' career choices: Equality-minded subjects are more likely to be employed at nonprofit organizations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fisman, Raymond -- Jakiela, Pamela -- Kariv, Shachar -- Markovits, Daniel -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Sep 18;349(6254):aab0096. doi: 10.1126/science.aab0096.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Economics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. rfisman@bu.edu. ; Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. ; Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkely, CA, USA. ; Yale Law School, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383958" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Administrative Personnel/*psychology ; Adult ; Attitude ; *Career Choice ; Employment ; Female ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Organizations, Nonprofit ; *Power (Psychology) ; Public Opinion ; *Resource Allocation ; Social Justice/*psychology ; Students ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-12-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fraser, Barbara -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Dec 11;350(6266):1304. doi: 10.1126/science.350.6266.1304.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26659035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Anthropology ; Brazil ; Child ; *Communicable Disease Control ; Communicable Diseases/*immunology ; Conflict (Psychology) ; *Epidemiological Monitoring ; Health ; Humans ; Immunity ; Male ; *Population Groups ; Rivers ; *Social Isolation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-03-07
    Beschreibung: Democracies depend on the support of the general population, but little is known about the determinants of this support. We investigated whether support for democracy increases with the length of time spent under the system and whether preferences are thus affected by the political system. Relying on 380,000 individual-level observations from 104 countries over the years 1994 to 2013, and exploiting individual-level variation within a country and a given year in the length of time spent under democracy, we find evidence that political preferences are endogenous. For new democracies, our findings imply that popular support needs time to develop. For example, the effect of around 8.5 more years of democratic experience corresponds to the difference in support for democracy between primary and secondary education.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuchs-Schundeln, Nicola -- Schundeln, Matthias -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 6;347(6226):1145-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa0880.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Goethe University Frankfurt, 60320 Frankfurt, Germany. fuchs@wiwi.uni-frankfurt.de schuendeln@wiwi.uni-frankfurt.de.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25745172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; *Democracy ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; *Individuality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Social Values ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-02-24
    Beschreibung: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurological disease with no effective treatment. We report the results of a moderate-scale sequencing study aimed at increasing the number of genes known to contribute to predisposition for ALS. We performed whole-exome sequencing of 2869 ALS patients and 6405 controls. Several known ALS genes were found to be associated, and TBK1 (the gene encoding TANK-binding kinase 1) was identified as an ALS gene. TBK1 is known to bind to and phosphorylate a number of proteins involved in innate immunity and autophagy, including optineurin (OPTN) and p62 (SQSTM1/sequestosome), both of which have also been implicated in ALS. These observations reveal a key role of the autophagic pathway in ALS and suggest specific targets for therapeutic intervention.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4437632/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4437632/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cirulli, Elizabeth T -- Lasseigne, Brittany N -- Petrovski, Slave -- Sapp, Peter C -- Dion, Patrick A -- Leblond, Claire S -- Couthouis, Julien -- Lu, Yi-Fan -- Wang, Quanli -- Krueger, Brian J -- Ren, Zhong -- Keebler, Jonathan -- Han, Yujun -- Levy, Shawn E -- Boone, Braden E -- Wimbish, Jack R -- Waite, Lindsay L -- Jones, Angela L -- Carulli, John P -- Day-Williams, Aaron G -- Staropoli, John F -- Xin, Winnie W -- Chesi, Alessandra -- Raphael, Alya R -- McKenna-Yasek, Diane -- Cady, Janet -- Vianney de Jong, J M B -- Kenna, Kevin P -- Smith, Bradley N -- Topp, Simon -- Miller, Jack -- Gkazi, Athina -- FALS Sequencing Consortium -- Al-Chalabi, Ammar -- van den Berg, Leonard H -- Veldink, Jan -- Silani, Vincenzo -- Ticozzi, Nicola -- Shaw, Christopher E -- Baloh, Robert H -- Appel, Stanley -- Simpson, Ericka -- Lagier-Tourenne, Clotilde -- Pulst, Stefan M -- Gibson, Summer -- Trojanowski, John Q -- Elman, Lauren -- McCluskey, Leo -- Grossman, Murray -- Shneider, Neil A -- Chung, Wendy K -- Ravits, John M -- Glass, Jonathan D -- Sims, Katherine B -- Van Deerlin, Vivianna M -- Maniatis, Tom -- Hayes, Sebastian D -- Ordureau, Alban -- Swarup, Sharan -- Landers, John -- Baas, Frank -- Allen, Andrew S -- Bedlack, Richard S -- Harper, J Wade -- Gitler, Aaron D -- Rouleau, Guy A -- Brown, Robert -- Harms, Matthew B -- Cooper, Gregory M -- Harris, Tim -- Myers, Richard M -- Goldstein, David B -- 089701/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- K08 NS075094/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG017586/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG032953/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P50 AG025688/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS033123/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS083524/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007754/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- TL1 TR001066/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- UL1 TR001067/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 27;347(6229):1436-41. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa3650. Epub 2015 Feb 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA. ; Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. ; Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada. ; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Neurogenetics DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, Center for Human Genetics Research, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. ; Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. ; Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland. ; Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK. ; Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. ; Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan 20149, Italy, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy. ; Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. ; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA, and Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. ; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Penn ALS Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Disease, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ; Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. ; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. ; Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. ; Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Duke ALS Clinic and Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. tim.harris@biogenidec.com.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700176" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics/metabolism ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/*genetics ; Autophagy/*genetics ; Exome/*genetics ; Female ; Genes ; Genetic Association Studies ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein Binding ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*genetics/metabolism ; Risk ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transcription Factor TFIIIA/genetics/metabolism ; Young Adult
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 18
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-03-15
    Beschreibung: Research suggesting that political conservatives are happier than political liberals has relied exclusively on self-report measures of subjective well-being. We show that this finding is fully mediated by conservatives' self-enhancing style of self-report (study 1; N = 1433) and then describe three studies drawing from "big data" sources to assess liberal-conservative differences in happiness-related behavior (studies 2 to 4; N = 4936). Relative to conservatives, liberals more frequently used positive emotional language in their speech and smiled more intensely and genuinely in photographs. Our results were consistent across large samples of online survey takers, U.S. politicians, Twitter users, and LinkedIn users. Our findings illustrate the nuanced relationship between political ideology, self-enhancement, and happiness and illuminate the contradictory ways that happiness differences can manifest across behavior and self-reports.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wojcik, Sean P -- Hovasapian, Arpine -- Graham, Jesse -- Motyl, Matt -- Ditto, Peter H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 13;347(6227):1243-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1260817.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. swojcik@uci.edu phditto@uci.edu. ; Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. ; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, CA 90089, USA. ; University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25766233" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Emotions ; Facial Expression ; Female ; *Happiness ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Politics ; Self Report ; *Self-Assessment ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 19
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-02-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, Jocelyn -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Feb 20;347(6224):817. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6224.817.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25700496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Biomedical Research/economics/*trends ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; *Electronic Health Records ; *Health Records, Personal ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Precision Medicine/economics/*trends ; Research Design ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 20
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-11-07
    Beschreibung: Corticomotoneuronal (CM) cells in the primary motor cortex (M1) have monosynaptic connections with motoneurons. They are one of the few sources of descending commands that directly influence motor output. We examined the contribution of CM cells to the generation of activity in their target muscles. The preferred direction of many CM cells differed from that of their target muscles. Some CM cells were selectively active when a muscle was used as an agonist. Others were selectively active when the same muscle was used as a synergist, fixator, or antagonist. These observations suggest that the different functional uses of a muscle are generated by separate populations of CM cells. We propose that muscle function is one of the dimensions represented in the output of M1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Griffin, Darcy M -- Hoffman, Donna S -- Strick, Peter L -- FNS070366A/PHS HHS/ -- P30NS076405/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01NS24328/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 6;350(6261):667-70. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa8035.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition and Systems Neuroscience Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ; University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition and Systems Neuroscience Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ; University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition and Systems Neuroscience Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. strickp@pitt.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26542568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Hand/innervation/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Motor Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Motor Neurons/cytology/*physiology ; Movement/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/innervation/*physiology
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  • 21
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-01-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Grimm, David -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 23;347(6220):366-9. doi: 10.1126/science.347.6220.366.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25613874" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animal Experimentation/*ethics ; *Animal Rights ; Animals ; Haplorhini
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 22
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-11-07
    Beschreibung: In a classical view of hematopoiesis, the various blood cell lineages arise via a hierarchical scheme starting with multipotent stem cells that become increasingly restricted in their differentiation potential through oligopotent and then unipotent progenitors. We developed a cell-sorting scheme to resolve myeloid (My), erythroid (Er), and megakaryocytic (Mk) fates from single CD34(+) cells and then mapped the progenitor hierarchy across human development. Fetal liver contained large numbers of distinct oligopotent progenitors with intermingled My, Er, and Mk fates. However, few oligopotent progenitor intermediates were present in the adult bone marrow. Instead, only two progenitor classes predominate, multipotent and unipotent, with Er-Mk lineages emerging from multipotent cells. The developmental shift to an adult "two-tier" hierarchy challenges current dogma and provides a revised framework to understand normal and disease states of human hematopoiesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Notta, Faiyaz -- Zandi, Sasan -- Takayama, Naoya -- Dobson, Stephanie -- Gan, Olga I -- Wilson, Gavin -- Kaufmann, Kerstin B -- McLeod, Jessica -- Laurenti, Elisa -- Dunant, Cyrille F -- McPherson, John D -- Stein, Lincoln D -- Dror, Yigal -- Dick, John E -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Jan 8;351(6269):aab2116. doi: 10.1126/science.aab2116. Epub 2015 Nov 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, LMC, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland. ; Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. jdick@uhnres.utoronto.ca.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26541609" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Antigens, CD34/analysis ; Cell Lineage/genetics/*physiology ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; Erythroid Cells/*cytology ; Fetal Blood/cytology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Hematopoiesis/genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Liver/cytology/embryology ; Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells/*cytology ; Megakaryocytes/*cytology ; Multipotent Stem Cells/cytology ; Myeloid Cells/*cytology ; Transcription, Genetic
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 23
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-04-13
    Beschreibung: Sediment in human urine examined by transmission electron microscopy contains amphibole fibers which originate from the ingestion of drinking water contaminated with these mineral fibers. The ingestion of filtered water results in the eventual disappearance of amphibole fibers from urine. These observations provide the first direct evidence for the passage of mineral fibers through the human gastro-intestinal mucosa under normal conditions of the alimentary canal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cook, P M -- Olson, G F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):195-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/219478" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa/metabolism ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicon Dioxide/metabolism/*urine ; *Water Pollutants ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 24
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-08-10
    Beschreibung: Color-opponent ganglion cells in the monkey retina respond to luminance flicker at high temporal frequencies. Color opponency, which makes these cells so selective of wavelength at low temporal frequencies, is progressively lost at high frequencies. This loss is due to a frequency-dependent phase shift between the responses of spectrally different center and surround mechanisms in the receptive field of each of these cells. Center and surround responses, which are antagonistic at low temporal frequencies, become synergistic at high ones, making these cells most responsive at high frequencies to those wavelengths to which they are least responsive at low frequencies. This phenomenon can explain the differences between chromatic and luminance flicker in human vision.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gouras, P -- Zrenner, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 10;205(4406):587-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109925" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Color ; Ganglia/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Light ; Retina/*physiology ; *Vision, Ocular
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 25
    facet.materialart.
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-10-12
    Beschreibung: Dendritic branching in Purkinje and granule cells and the diameters of Purkinje cell somas were compared in several cerebellar areas of monkeys reared in isolation, with social experience, or in a large colony. In the colony-reared monkeys, spiny branchlets of Purkinje cells were more extensive in the paraflocculus and the nodulus than they were in the other two groups. Granule cell dendritic branching in the paraflocculus and nodulus did not differ across groups. In addition, Purkinje cell somas were larger in the uvula and the nodulus of the colony animals than in the other groups. These data indicate that the social and physical environment during development influences the morphology of cerebellar Purkinje cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Floeter, M K -- Greenough, W T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 12;206(4415):227-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/113873" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Cerebellum/*growth & development ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Environment ; Haplorhini ; Macaca fascicularis ; Movement ; Purkinje Cells/*cytology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 26
    facet.materialart.
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-12-14
    Beschreibung: Current concepts of the pathogenesis of emphysema suggest that it results from an imbalance of elastase and antielastase activity within the alveolar structures. Although emphysema that is associated with hereditary deficiency of serum alpha 1-antitrypsin conforms to this scheme, the major risk factor in the more common form of emphysema is cigarette smoking. A study was designed to evaluate the premise that cigarette smoking may be associated with an acquired, functional defect in lung alpha 1-antitrypsin. Determination of the antielastase activity of alpha 1-antitrypsin obtained from the lungs of smoking and nonsmoking individuals revealed a nearly twofold reduction in the functional activity of this elastase inhibitor in the lungs of cigarette smokers. These data suggest that cigarette smokers may lose some of the normal antielastase protective screen of the lower respiratory tract, making them more vulnerable to destructive lung disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gadek, J E -- Fells, G A -- Crystal, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1315-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/316188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Bronchi/enzymology ; Extracellular Space/enzymology ; Humans ; Lung/*enzymology ; Pancreatic Elastase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Plants, Toxic ; Pulmonary Emphysema/enzymology/etiology ; Smoking/complications/*physiopathology ; Tobacco ; *alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 27
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-02-16
    Beschreibung: By means of two-stage, nonlinear multivariate pattern recognition, electroencephalograms (EEG's) were analyzed during performance of verbal and spatial tasks. Complex scalp distributions of theta-, beta-, and, to a lesser extent, alpha-band spectral intensities discriminated between the two members of a pair of tasks, such as writing sentences and Koh's block design. Small EEG asymmetries were probably attributable to limb movements and other uncontrolled noncognitive aspects of tasks. Significant EEG differences beteeen cognitive tasks were eliminated when controls for inter-task differences in efferent activity, stimulus characteristics, and performance-related factors were introduced. Each controlled task was associated with an approximately 10 percent reduction, as compared with visual fixation, in the magnitude of alpha- and beta-band spectral intensity. This effect occurred bilaterally and was approximately the same over occipital, parietal, and central regions, with some minor difference over the frontal region in the beta band. With these controls, no evidence for lateralization of different cognitive functions was found in the EEG.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gevins, A S -- Zeitlin, G M -- Doyle, J C -- Yingling, C D -- Schaffer, R E -- Callaway, E -- Yeager, C L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):665-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; *Electroencephalography ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/physiology ; Movement ; Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 28
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-03-02
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hawkes, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 2;203(4383):855-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/419409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Female ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Laboratories/*standards ; Peer Review ; Safety ; Smallpox/*etiology ; World Health Organization
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 29
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-03-09
    Beschreibung: Movement time varies as a function of amplitude and requirements for precision, according to Fitts' law, but when subjects perform two-handed movements to targets of widely disparate difficulty they do so simultaneously. The hand moving to an "easy" target moves more slowly to accommodate its "difficult" counterpart, yet both hands reach peak velocity and acceleration synchronously. This result suggests that the brain produces simultaneity of action not by controlling each limb independently, but by organizing functional groupings of muscles that are constrained to act as a single unit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelso, J A -- Southard, D L -- Goodman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 9;203(4384):1029-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424729" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Brain/physiology ; Functional Laterality ; Hand/physiology ; Humans ; Motor Skills/*physiology ; *Movement
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 30
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-09-07
    Beschreibung: A direct method has been employed to estimate the rate of production by human brain of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol, the major metabolite of brain norepinephrine, a brain neurotransmitter. Venous specimens were obtained from the internal jugular vein from ten awake human subjects at a puncture site above the common facial vein, the first major source of extracranial inflow. Arterial specimens were simultaneously obtained from the radial artery. Plasma samples were assayed and a highly significant difference was found in the concentration of the metabolite in plasma coming out of the brain (venous blood) as compared to plasma entering the brain (arterial blood). This venous-arterial difference was calculated to be 0.7 +/- 0.1 nanogram per milliliter of blood. Assuming an adult brain weight of 1400 grams and normal cerebral blood flow, it is estimated that the rate of production of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by the awake human brain is approximately 597 nanograms per minute or 35.8 micrograms per hour. Urine specimens were also collected from six of these subjects during a period of 1 to 3.5 hours, which bracketed the time the blood samples were obtained. For these six subjects the output of 3-methyoxy-4-hydroxyphenethyleneglycol by whole brain was estimated to be 40.9 micrograms per hour, whereas the rate of its excretion into urine was 64.5 micrograms per hour.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maas, J W -- Hattox, S E -- Greene, N M -- Landis, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1025-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Glycols/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol/blood/*metabolism/urine ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 31
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-09-07
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):985-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/112680" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/physiopathology ; Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Brain/*growth & development ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Preoptic Area/growth & development ; Rats ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Sex Differentiation ; Testosterone/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 32
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-07-13
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):177-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451586" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening/*economics ; Middle Aged ; *Papanicolaou Test ; Risk ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Vaginal Smears/*economics
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    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-09-14
    Beschreibung: Single-dose administration of pergolide mesylate (100 to 400 micrograms) results in a dose-related inhibition of prolactin secretion which persists for more than 24 hours. During multiple-dose administration of pergolide, plasma prolactin concentrations remain markedly reduced (greater than 80 percnet) and gradually return to control levels several days after drug administration is discontinued.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lemberger, L -- Crabtree, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ergolines/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Placebos ; Prolactin/blood ; Receptors, Dopamine/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 34
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-09-28
    Beschreibung: Subdivisions of the human peri-Sylvian language cortex were derived from stimulation mapping during craniotomies under local anesthesia. Naming, reading, short-term verbal memory, single and sequential orofacial movements, and phoneme identification were tested. Sequential orofacial movements and phoneme identification were altered from the same brain sites and thus identified a common system for language production and understanding. This system surrounded a final motor pathway for speech and was surrounded by a separate short-term verbal-memory system. Between the sequential motor-phoneme identification and memory systems were sites where only naming or reading were altered, including sites related exclusively by syntax.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ojemann, G -- Mateer, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1401-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472757" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Face ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Lip/physiology ; Memory/*physiology ; Movement ; Posture ; Speech/*physiology ; Speech Perception/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 35
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-04-13
    Beschreibung: The anterior cingulate cortex receives thalamic afferents mainly from the midline and intralaminar nuclei rather than the anterior thalamic nuclei. In contrast, the posterior cingulate cortex receives afferents primarily from the anterior thalamic nuclei and from extensive cortical areas in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. These contrasting afferents may provide a structural basis for pain-related functions of the anterior cingulate cortex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vogt, B A -- Rosene, D L -- Pandya, D N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):205-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Afferent Pathways/cytology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology ; Gyrus Cinguli/*cytology/physiology ; Haplorhini ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Macaca mulatta ; Thalamic Nuclei/*cytology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 36
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-05-25
    Beschreibung: Monkeys of four species were trained to discriminate between sets of natural tonal calls of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) by the position of a frequency-inflection peak or by initial pitch. The Japanese macaques consistently performed best on peak position and the other species on pitch. The results imply special strategies for perceptional processing of vocal sounds and suggest parallels with human speech perception.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zoloth, S R -- Petersen, M R -- Beecher, M D -- Green, S -- Marler, P -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):870-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/108805" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Speech Perception/*physiology ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 37
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-08-03
    Beschreibung: The contrast sensitivity of the rhesus monkey was tested, according to a modified reaction-time paradigm, for sine-wave grating targets at different orientations. The monkey possesses an oblique effect slightly larger than that of humans. A reaction time analysis showed the oblique effect to be a suprathreshold as well as a threshold phenomenon. The presence of this effect further strengthens the use of the monkey as a model for the human visual system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boltz, R L -- Harwerth, R S -- Smith, E L 3rd -- R01 EY001139/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 3;205(4405):511-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109923" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Species Specificity ; *Visual Perception
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 38
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-08-17
    Beschreibung: Discharges of Purkinje cells were recorded from the vermis, lobules VI and VII, of a monkey trained to track a visual target. When the monkey tracked a sinusoidally oscillating target, cellular activity changes in phase with the velocity signal of the eye movement. When the monkey fixated a stationary point, almost identical modulation in activity occurred, reflecting the velocity signal of the motion of the retinal image of the target. The data suggest that the vermis participates in the control of smooth pursuit eye movements by providing the oculomotor system with the actual target velocity information which is the sum of eye velocity and retinal image velocity signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kase, M -- Noda, H -- Suzuki, D A -- Miller, D C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):717-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/111350" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Action Potentials ; Animals ; *Eye Movements ; Haplorhini ; Motion Perception/physiology ; Proprioception ; Purkinje Cells/*physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-11-16
    Beschreibung: The mean 24-hour or integrated concentration of triglyceride is significantly higher when dietary sucrose is provided rather than an equivalent amount of its component monosaccharides, glucose and fructose. In contrast, the plasma triglyceride concentration after a 12-hour fast is not significantly different.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thompson, R G -- Hayford, J T -- Hendrix, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 16;206(4420):838-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Dietary Carbohydrates/*metabolism ; Fructose/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Sucrose/metabolism ; Triglycerides/*blood
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 40
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-08-10
    Beschreibung: The subicular cortices of the primate hippocampal formation form a physical and connectional link between the cortex of the temporal lobe and the hippocampus. Their direct connections with all classes of cortex in the temporal lobe except primary sensory cortex underscore the pivotal role of these areas in the potential interplay between the hippocampal formation and the association cortices.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Hoesen, G W -- Rosene, D L -- Mesulam, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 10;205(4406):608-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109926" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amino Acids/metabolism ; Animals ; Haplorhini ; Hippocampus/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Temporal Lobe/anatomy & histology/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 41
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-03-16
    Beschreibung: A fatal case of human encephalitis has been observed for which our results indicate that Semliki Forest virus (SFV) was the etiologic agent. This is surprising in view of the fact that this virus, which has been widely studied, was believed to be one of the arboviruses nonpathogenic for man. Described are the clinical course, the virological examinations performed, and the histopathological findings in the central nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Willems, W R -- Kaluza, G -- Boschek, C B -- Bauer, H -- Hager, H -- Schutz, H J -- Feistner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 16;203(4385):1127-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424742" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Antigens, Viral/analysis ; Arbovirus Infections/*etiology ; Encephalitis/*etiology/microbiology/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Laboratory Infection/*etiology/microbiology ; *Semliki forest virus/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 42
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-11-30
    Beschreibung: The effect of physostigmine on recent memory was evaluated in young and aged rhesus monkeys. All aged monkeys had previously shown impaired memory. The performance of the young monkeys treated with physostigmine was similar to that recently reported for young humans--no effects at low doses, some improvement at a restricted range of doses, and deficits at the highest dose. Although the aged subjects also improved at the same general doses, their overall response as a group was much more variable than that of the younger subjects. The performance of some aged monkeys was impaired by low doses that did not affect young monkeys. Continued improvement was observed in some aged monkeys at the highest dose, which typically impaired young monkeys. These variable effects across aged subjects suggest that physostigmine cannot easily or reliably be used as an agent for treating geriatric cognition. Nevertheless, the differential age-related effects suggest that appropriate manipulation of the cholinergic system may eventually be developed to alleviate some of the cognitive impairments suffered by aged subjects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bartus, R T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/227061" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetylcholine/physiology ; Aging ; Animals ; Cognition/physiology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Memory Disorders/drug therapy ; Memory, Short-Term/drug effects ; Physostigmine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Synaptic Transmission
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 43
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-05-04
    Beschreibung: Disaturated (fully saturated) lecithins adsorb onto solid surfaces more readily than lecithins in which one or both fatty acids are unsaturated. If saturated lecithins adsorb to arterial walls as they do to glass and polystyrene surfaces, there may be increased probability of atherosclerosis when the disaturated lecithin content of plasma is elevated. Analyses of lecithins in plasma samples from patients with myocardial infarction, and from patients with premature atherosclerosis but with low concentrations of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, are consistent with the hypothesis that a high concentration of disaturated lecithin in plasma may be a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis, independent of triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gershfeld, N L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):506-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/581915" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adsorption ; Adult ; Aged ; Arteriosclerosis/blood/*etiology ; Coronary Disease/*blood ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/blood ; *Phosphatidylcholines/blood ; Pulmonary Surfactants/blood ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Temperature
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 44
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-06-08
    Beschreibung: Daily (12-hour) urine collections taken throughout the menstrual cycle were obtained from 30 young women who by genetic analysis were at risk for familial breast cancer, and from 30 control women carefully matched for age, height, and reproductive history. Steroids in the urine were extracted by glucuronidase hydrolysis, and the primary glucocorticoid, androgen, and estrogen hormones and their metabolites were measured by radioimmunoassay. Highly significant differences were observed only in the case of estrone and estradiol, with the high-risk subjects exhibiting lower values that the controls. This endocrine abnormality in young women at risk for breast cancer may be a potential discriminant for identifying women at risk for the disease in the population at large.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishman, J -- Fukushima, D K -- O'Connor, J -- Lynch, H T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1089-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Age Factors ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics/*urine ; Estradiol/urine ; Estriol/urine ; Estrogens/*urine ; Estrone/urine ; Female ; Humans ; Menopause ; Menstruation ; Parity ; Puberty ; Risk ; Seasons
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 45
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-04-20
    Beschreibung: Competition assays for estradiol receptors in cytosol preparations of uteri from rhesus monkeys and humans showed that delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) does not compete with estradiol for intracellular estrogen recptors. Although isotopically labeled THC bound to macromolecules in uterine cytosol from the rhesus monkey, the binding was not displaced by unlabeled THC, diethylstilbestrol, estradiol, progesterone, cortisol, or 5 alpha-dihydrostestosterone. Scatchard analyses indicated that high-affinity saturable binding of THC to cytosol did not occur. Thus the inhibitory effect of THC on gonadotropin and steroid secretion in primates is not mediated by the interaction of THC with intracellular steroid hormone receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R G -- Besch, N F -- Besch, P K -- Smith, C G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 20;204(4390):325-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Diethylstilbestrol/metabolism ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Receptors, Estrogen/*drug effects/metabolism ; Steroids/metabolism ; Uterus/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 46
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-05-25
    Beschreibung: A type C retrovirus was isolated from a continuous cell line established from a spontaneous esophageal carcinoma of a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulata) by prolonged cocultivation with canine cells. A DNA transcript of the viral RNA hybridized to a high level and kinetic analysis indicated the presence of multiple copies of the viral genome in rhesus monkey DNA, showing that the virus is endogenous in this species. The rhesus monkey virus closely resembles, in several respects, an endogenous type C virus previously isolated from stumptailed macques (Macaca arctoides), aa species closely related to rhesus monkeys.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rabin, H -- Benton, C V -- Tainsky, M A -- Rice, N R -- Gilden, R V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):841-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/87013" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*microbiology ; Macaca mulatta/*microbiology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Retroviridae/enzymology/*isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; Viral Proteins/analysis/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 47
    facet.materialart.
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-07-13
    Beschreibung: Using an immunocytochemical method for the localization of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), we have observed GABAergic nerve terminals distributed throughout all layers of normal monkey sensorimotor cortex. These terminals displayed ultrastructural characteristics that suggested that they arose from aspinous and sparsely spinous stellate neurons. In monkeys (Macaca mulatta and M. fascicularis) made epileptic by cortical application of alumina gel, a highly significant numerical decrease of GAD-positive nerve terminals occurred at sites of seizure foci indicating a functional loss of GABAergic inhibitory synapses. A loss of such inhibition at seizure foci could lead to epileptic activity of cortical pyramidal neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ribak, C E -- Harris, A B -- Vaughn, J E -- Roberts, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):211-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109922" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Carboxy-Lyases/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Epilepsies, Partial/*physiopathology ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/*metabolism ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Haplorhini ; Macaca fascicularis ; Macaca mulatta ; Motor Cortex/metabolism ; Nerve Endings/enzymology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 48
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-07-13
    Beschreibung: Human erythrocytes have specific insulin receptors. When studied in an insulin radioreceptor assay, erythrocytes from adult-onset, nonobese diabetic subjects bound at least 42 percent less insulin than the normal subjects at insulin concentrations from 0.1 to 100 nanograms per milliliter. The diabetic subjects had 190 insulin receptor sites per cell as compared with the 380 insulin receptor sites per cell for the normal subjects. The deficit of insulin binding in the diabetic subject was thus associated with a fewer number of insulin binding sites per cell with little or no change in affinity. The erythrocyte is a readily available cell for the evaluation of cellular insulin receptor activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Robinson, T J -- Archer, J A -- Gambhir, K K -- Hollis, V W Jr -- Carter, L -- Bradley, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):200-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus/*blood/metabolism ; Erythrocyte Membrane/*metabolism ; Erythrocytes/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-09-14
    Beschreibung: Plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity was measured by a method that was equally sensitive to beta-endorphin and [Leu5]-beta-endorphin. Immunoreactivity in 98 schizophrenic patients did not differ greatly from that in 42 normal subjects. No immunoreactivity was detectable in dialyzates from first-time hemodialysis of eight nonpsychotic renal patients and nine schizophrenic patients. These results are not compatible with recent reports of extremely high concentrations of [Leu5]-beta-endorphin in hemodialyzates from schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ross, M -- Berger, P A -- Goldstein, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1163-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Endorphins/*blood/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay ; Schizophrenia/*blood ; Stress, Physiological/blood
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-11-02
    Beschreibung: Two parallel neural pathways are primarily responsible for the control of saccadic eye movements--one mediated through the frontal eye fields and the other through the superior colliculus. When both pathways are disrupted, control of saccadic eye movements is lost. Disruption of either pathway alone produces only subtle deficits.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schiller, P H -- True, S D -- Conway, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):590-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/115091" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Brain Mapping ; *Eye Movements ; Frontal Lobe/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Reflex/physiology ; Saccades ; Superior Colliculi/*physiology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 51
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-01-05
    Beschreibung: Blood acetaldehyde concentrations were significantly elevated after a moderate ethanol dose in 20 healthy young men with alcoholic parents or siblings compared to matched controls with no familial alcoholism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schuckit, M A -- Rayses, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):54-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/758678" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetaldehyde/*blood ; Adult ; Alcoholism/blood/*genetics/metabolism ; Ethanol/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 52
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-06-15
    Beschreibung: Squirrel monkeys self-administered cocaine by pressing a lever while under a variable-interval schedule of reinforcement. At the same time, they terminated the availability of self-administered cocaine by pressing a second lever while under a fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement. The maintenance of behavior by schedule drug injections and by termination of scheduled drug injections, usually considered to be processes associated with different classes of drugs, can occur simultaneously when behavior is controlled by different contingencies associated with a single drug.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spealman, R D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 15;204(4398):1231-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109920" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Cocaine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Saimiri ; Self Administration/psychology ; Substance-Related Disorders/physiopathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 53
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-09-21
    Beschreibung: The magnitude of task-evoked pupillary dilations during mental activity has previously been shown to index the cognitive capacity utilized in the performance of the mental task. To determine the relation between "intelligence" and capacity demands during mental activity, task-evoked pupillary dilations were measured while two groups of university students differing in their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Test solved mental arithmetic problems. Over three levels of problems difficulty, more intelligent subjects showed smaller task-evoked pupillary dilations than did their less intelligent counterparts. Thus, the more intelligent appear to possess more efficient cognitive structures of information processing. These data provide evidence that physiological differences between individuals of differing psychometric intelligence emerge during mental activity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ahern, S -- Beatty, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1289-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472746" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Aptitude Tests ; Cognition/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Male ; Mathematics ; Mental Processes/physiology ; Pupil/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 54
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-03-16
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 16;203(4385):1139-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/106469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta/physiology ; Male ; Pheromones ; Smell/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 55
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-08-31
    Beschreibung: Depletion of dopamine in a circumscribed area of association cortex in rhesus monkeys produces an impairment in spatial delayed alternation performance nearly as severe as that caused by surgical ablation of the same area. This behavioral deficit can be pharmacologically reversed with dopamine agonists such as L-dopa and apomorphine. These data provide direct evidence that dopamine plays an important role in a specific cortical function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brozoski, T J -- Brown, R M -- Rosvold, H E -- Goldman, P S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):929-32.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/112679" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects/physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Cognition/drug effects/*physiology ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Haplorhini ; Levodopa/pharmacology ; Macaca mulatta ; Norepinephrine/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 56
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-05-04
    Beschreibung: The time for the long-term clearance of dust from human lungs was measured. Three heavy cigarette smokers and nine nonsmokers inhaled a harmless trace amount of magnetic dust, Fe3O4. From periodic measurements with a sensitive magnetic detector of the amount of this dust remaining in the lungs, a clearance curve was determined for each subject. This magnetic tracer method allows clearance to be safely followed for a much longer time than with radioactive tracer methods. The dust clearance in the smokers is considerably slower than in the nonsmokers. After about a year, 50 percent of the dust originally deposited remained in the lungs of the smokers whereas only 10 percent remained in the lungs of the nonsmokers. The smokers therefore retained five times more dust than the nonsmokers. This impaired clearance of Fe3O4 suggests impaired clearance in smokers of other dusts, such as toxic occupational and urban dusts. The higher retention of these dusts may contribute to the higher incidence of lung diseases in smokers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, D -- Arai, S F -- Brain, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):514-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; *Dust ; Humans ; Iron ; Lung/*physiopathology ; Lung Compliance ; Magnetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Smoking/*physiopathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 57
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-12-07
    Beschreibung: Concentrations of dopamine-related tetrahydroisoquinolines (salsolinol and O-methylated salsolinol) were significantly higher in the daily urine samples of alcoholic subjects admitted for alcohol detoxification than in the daily urine samples of nonalcoholic control subjects. Salsolinol concentrations in alcoholic subjects appeared to drop to trace (control) values 2 to 3 days after admission, following the disappearance of ethanol and its reactive metabolite acetaldehyde from the blood. These results indicate that physiologically active tetrahydroisoquinolines increase in humans during long-term alcohol consumption, presumably because of acetaldehyde's direct condensation with catecholamines. The presence of these or similar condensation products in the urine could be useful as clinical indicators of prior blood acetaldehyde concentrations in chronic alcoholics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, M A -- Nijm, W P -- Borge, G F -- Teas, G -- Goldfarb, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 7;206(4423):1184-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/505002" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetaldehyde/blood ; Adult ; Alcoholism/metabolism/*urine ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Humans ; Isoquinolines/*urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Salsoline Alkaloids/urine ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/urine
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 58
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-07-20
    Beschreibung: Absolute amounts of cadmium (in milligrams) in the left kidney and concentrations of cadmium (micrograms per gram) in the liver were measured in vivo in 20 healthy adult male volunteers. Organ cadmium levels of smokers were significantly elevated above those of nonsmokers. No relationship was evident between body stores of cadmium (liver and kidney) and cadmium or beta 2-microglobulin in urine or blood. The average total body burden of cadmium in man at age 50 is estimated to be 19.3 milligrams for nonsmokers and 35.5 milligrams for smokers (38.7 pack-year smoking history). Biological half-time for the whole body was, on average, 15.7 years (10- to 33-year range). Dietary absorption was 2.7 micrograms per day. Cigarette smoking resulted in the absorption of 1.9 micrograms per pack.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ellis, K J -- Vartsky, D -- Zanzi, I -- Cohn, S H -- Yasumura, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 20;205(4403):323-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377488" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Cadmium/*analysis ; Diet ; Humans ; Kidney/analysis ; Liver/analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutron Activation Analysis ; Smoking/*physiopathology ; Tissue Distribution ; beta 2-Microglobulin/urine
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-08-24
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 24;205(4408):770-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/111351" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Defoliants, Chemical/*poisoning ; Dioxins/*poisoning ; Haplorhini ; Herbicides/*poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; *Military Medicine ; Vietnam
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 60
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-12-14
    Beschreibung: Assays based on the counting of total cells and of colony-forming cells were used to demonstrate that neither dexamethasone nor dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) kills human fibroblasts under a variety of conditions. These results contradict those of previous studies showing that dexamethasone and dibutyryl cyclic AMP kill a higher percentage of fibroblasts from normal humans than from individuals with cystic fibrosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kurz, J B -- Perkins, J P -- Buchwald, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1317-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/229552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Bucladesine/*pharmacology ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cystic Fibrosis/*diagnosis ; Dexamethasone/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Fibroblasts/*drug effects ; Humans ; Ouabain/pharmacology ; Skin/cytology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 61
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-11-02
    Beschreibung: Serum samples from 158 West Africans were tested for antibodies against sporozoites, the vector stage of the malaria parasite. Antibodies specific for Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites were detected by means of the circumsporozoite precipitation assay and indirect immunofluorescence. More than 90 percent of the serum samples from adults gave positive immunofluorescent reactions against falciparum sporozoites, whereas most of the samples from children gave low or negative reactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nardin, E H -- Nussenzweig, R S -- McGregor, I A -- Bryan, J H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 2;206(4418):597-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/386511" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Antibodies/*analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Reservoirs/immunology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Malaria/*immunology ; Middle Aged ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology ; Vaccines
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 62
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-03-23
    Beschreibung: Cultured skin fibroblasts from subjects with cystic fibrosis exhibited normal population doubling times in early passages. After about 13 cumulative population doublings, cystic fibrosis lines doubled more slowly than controls and ceased doubling after about 19 weekly passages. Control lines continued doubling for 27 passages. The premature senescence noted in cells from subjects with cystic fibrosis reconciles controversial observations of cell doubling reported in the literature. Data presented here demonstrate that experiments with cystic fibrosis cells in late passage may generate misleading results since differences from control lines may be ascribed to generalized senile changes rather than to specific results of the cystic fibrosis genotype.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shapiro, B L -- Lam, L F -- Fast, L H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 23;203(4386):1251-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aging ; Cell Division ; *Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Cystic Fibrosis/*pathology ; DNA/biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Skin/pathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 63
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-10-05
    Beschreibung: Tyrosine hydroxylase antigen was localized immunohistochemically in sympathetic neurons from human autopsy tissue. The reaction persists in paraffin-embedded tissue, and the method is applicable to archival specimens. Increased amounts in this antigen per cell may partially compensate for decreased numbers of sympathetic neurons in familial dysautonomia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pearson, J -- Brandeis, L -- Goldstein, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):71-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dysautonomia, Familial/*enzymology/pathology ; Ganglia, Autonomic/enzymology/pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 64
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1979-02-02
    Beschreibung: Responses of single units in primary motor and sensory cortex of behaving primates to electromagnetic stretch of the muscle flexor carpi ulnaris are comparable in latency and intensity to responses to wrist extension. Thus, muscle stretch appears to be a major factor in cortical response to limb displacement during performance and probably has an important role in motor control at the cortical level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolpaw, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 2;203(4379):465-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/104385" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Arm ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Electromagnetic Phenomena ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Motor Cortex/*physiology ; *Movement ; Muscles/*innervation ; Neurons/physiology ; Proprioception
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 65
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-06-02
    Beschreibung: Eight chronic alcoholics received repeated computed tomography scans. Four, who maintained abstinence and functionally improved, showed partially reversible cerebral atrophy. Two nonabstinent patients and two abstinent patients who had completed functional improvement before the first scan showed no change in atrophy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Wortzman, G -- Holgate, R C -- Wilkinson, D A -- Rankin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Alcoholism/*pathology/radiography/therapy ; Atrophy ; Brain/*pathology/radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 66
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-04-28
    Beschreibung: Autoradiographic representation of the local rates of cerebral glucose utilization and local cerebral functional activity by means of the [14C]deoxyglucose technique reveals the existence of the ocular dominance columns in the striate cortex of the monkey in the first day of life. In contrast to the stability of these columns in more mature brain, monocular deprivation for 3 months from the first day of life results in their complete disappearance and a reversion of the autoradiographic pattern to that seen in animals with normal binocular vision. These results are consistent with a reorganization of the representation of the visual fields of the two eyes in the striate cortex and provide additional evidence of the plasticity of the striate cortex of the monkey in early life.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Des Rosiers, M H -- Sakurada, O -- Jehle, J -- Shinohara, M -- Kennedy, C -- Sokoloff, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):447-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417397" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cell Differentiation ; Deoxy Sugars/*metabolism ; Deoxyglucose/*metabolism ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Male ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Cortex/*cytology/physiology ; Visual Pathways/*cytology/physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 67
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-05-05
    Beschreibung: Skin test reactivity, lymphocyte transformation, and mononuclear cell tissue factor generation were evaluated both before and during systemic anticoagulation in 24 volunteers. Anticoagulation with warfarin decreased skin test induration and tissue factor generation, but lymphocyte trnasformation remained unchanged. An intact coagulation mechanism, including tissue factor generation, appears to be important for the development of skin test induration in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Edwards, R L -- Rickles, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):541-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Antigens ; Fibrin/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed/*physiopathology ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Mitogens ; Skin Tests ; Thromboplastin/*biosynthesis ; Tuberculin ; Warfarin/*pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 68
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-02-17
    Beschreibung: Squirrel monkeys synchronized to a 24-hour light-dark cycle show a prominent circadian rhythm in body temperature which is regulated against mild environmental cold exposures throughout the 24-hour day. However, cold exposures produce significant decreases in core body temperature when the circadian rhythms of the animal are free-running in the absence of environmental time cues. Effective thermoregulation appears to require the precise internal synchronization of the circadian timekeeping system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuller, C A -- Sulzman, F M -- Moore-Ede, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):794-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/414356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cold Temperature ; Cues ; *Environment ; Environmental Exposure ; Haplorhini ; Homeostasis ; Male ; Saimiri ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 69
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-11-17
    Beschreibung: When the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in one hemisphere of a rhesus monkey is resected 6 weeks before birth and the fetus survives to postnatal ages, neurons of the corresponding cortex in the intact hemisphere issue a greatly expanded projection to the contralateral caudate nucleus in addition to a normal projection to the ipsilateral caudate. The enhancement of the crossed prefronto-caudate pathway after prenatal neurosurgery provides direct evidence for lesion-induced neuronal rearrangement in the primate telencephalon.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldman, P S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):768-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/102031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Axons/ultrastructure ; Brain/embryology/growth & development ; Brain Mapping ; Cell Differentiation ; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Neural Pathways/*cytology ; Synapses/*ultrastructure
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 70
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-03-17
    Beschreibung: The idea that hierarchically higher brain processes require greater amounts of central nervous system vigilance or activation for their execution was tested in two experiments measuring pupillary dilation during the decision interval of a hierarchically structured letter-matching task. Larger dilations indicative of increased activation were observed for letter pairs requiring higher levels of processing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beatty, J -- Wagoner, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; Decision Making/physiology ; Humans ; Information Theory ; Pupil/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 71
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-03-17
    Beschreibung: Michigan dairy farm residents ate farm products containing polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's) after the accidential contamination of animal feed with the chemical in that state in 1973. The circulating blood lymphocytes of these residents show significant changes. Abnormalities include decreases in the numbers and percentages of peripheral blood lymphocytes that form rosettes with either sheep erythrocytes alone or with sheep erythrocytes sensitized with antibody and complement, increases in lymphocytes with no detectable surface markers ("null" cells), and altered responses to tests designed to evaluate functional integrity of the cells. There appears to be no consistent correlation between the concentration of PBB's in the plasma and the altered lymphocytes. Studies showed that in Wisconsin dairy farm residents and healthy individuals in the New York area who were not exposed to PBB's there were no such abnormalities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bekesi, J G -- Holland, J F -- Anderson, H A -- Fischbein, A S -- Rom, W -- Wolff, M S -- Selikoff, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1207-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Biphenyl Compounds/*pharmacology ; Complement System Proteins/metabolism ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Lectins ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Michigan ; Monocytes/physiology ; Polybrominated Biphenyls/blood/*pharmacology ; Rosette Formation ; Rural Health ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 72
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-11-10
    Beschreibung: In rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions that abolish gonadotropic hormone release by the pituitary gland, the constant infusion of exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) fails to restore sustained gonadotropin secretion. In marked contrast, intermittent administration of the synthetic decapeptide once per hour, the physiological frequency of gonadotropin release in the monkeys, reestablishes pituitary gonadotropin secretion. This phenomenon is attributable to the pattern of GnRH delivery rather than to the amounts of this hormone to which the cells of the pituitary are exposed. Moreover, the initiation of continuous GnRH administration in animals with lesions and in which gonadotropin secretion is reestablished by intermittent GnRH replacement can result in a "desensitization" or "down regulation" of the processes responsible for gonadotropin release.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belchetz, P E -- Plant, T M -- Nakai, Y -- Keogh, E J -- Knobil, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):631-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/100883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Castration ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/*secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Haplorhini ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Macaca mulatta ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*drug effects/secretion
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 73
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-05-26
    Beschreibung: Risk factors for disease consist of (i) personal habits, such as cigarette smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and (ii) bodily characteristics, such as hypertension and high serum cholesterol. Progress in identifying and quantifying risk factors is opening the way to the prevention of disease and maintenance of health. Systematic, controlled trials of intervention against risk factors are beginning to produce evidence on the extent of success in reducing both the factors and the mortality from associated diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):908-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Arteriosclerosis/etiology ; Coronary Disease/etiology/*prevention & control ; Disease/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications ; Hypertension/complications ; Lung Neoplasms/etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Preventive Medicine ; *Probability ; *Risk ; Smoking/complications
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 74
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-12-15
    Beschreibung: Electron microscopic and tritiated thymidine autoradiographic analysis of the embryonic spinal cord in the rhesus monkey reveals considerable rearrangement of cellular and synaptic relationships in the posterior (sensory) quadrant during early developmental stages. This remodeling involves the death of an entire population of neurons that received synapses from sensory afferent axons and the possible relocation of these afferents upon subsequently generated viable substantia gelatinosa neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knyihar, E -- Csillik, B -- Rakic, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 15;202(4373):1206-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/103200" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Axons/ultrastructure ; Cell Survival ; Dendrites/ultrastructure ; Gestational Age ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Spinal Cord/*embryology/ultrastructure ; Synapses/ultrastructure
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 75
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-04-21
    Beschreibung: The muscle activity of normal ambulatory individuals was recorded continuously for 8-hour (working day) periods. Parameters of activity patterns were defined and numerical outcomes for these parameters were compared across a diverse population of muscles. Several pattern parameters, such as the average percentage of time active, were highly correlated with the percentage of type I fibers of a muscle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monster, A W -- Chan, H -- O'Connor, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):314-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Male ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 76
    facet.materialart.
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-03-31
    Beschreibung: All individuals tested in this study with sicca syndrome, a human autoimmune disease, bear two immunologically distinct and genetically unrelated B lymphocyte antigens that appear similar to the immune response associated (Ia) antigens of the mouse. The genes coding for these two antigens are present in only 37 and 24 percent of normal controls. In animal models Ia antigen genes are closely linked to immune response genes. Our findings suggest that two such genes may be required for the development of sicca syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moutsopoulos, H M -- Chused, T M -- Johnson, A H -- Khudsen, B -- Mann, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1441-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Female ; *Genes, MHC Class II ; Genetic Linkage ; HLA Antigens/analysis/genetics ; Humans ; Isoantigens/*analysis/genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sjogren's Syndrome/genetics/*immunology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 77
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-06-16
    Beschreibung: Sex differences in the pattern and maturation of lateral asymmetries of the human brain have been recently found by a number of investigators, suggesting that sex-related factors may differentially affect the two sides of the body. In this study, asymmetries in the size of the two feet were strongly related to sex and handedness, right-handed males having larger right feet and right-handed females having larger left feet, the reverse being seen in non-right-handed individuals. Since these differences were apparent even in children younger than 6 years, the fetal sex steroids may be critical in governing the maturation of both cerebral and pedal asymmetries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Levy, J -- Levy, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1291-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foot/*anatomy & histology ; *Functional Laterality ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Male ; *Sex Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-05-26
    Beschreibung: Sampling of amniotic fluid, visualization of the fetus, fetal blood sampling, and screening of maternal blood represent successive approaches to the diagnosis of specific genetic disorders in the second trimester of pregnancy. Clinical and ethical concerns about the appropriateness, safety, and efficacy of the techniques have led to multidisciplinary assessments at an early stage. A major growth in demand for medical and educational genetic services can be anticipated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Omenn, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):952-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/77042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Amniocentesis/adverse effects/methods ; Amniotic Fluid/analysis ; Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis ; Chromosome Disorders ; Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis ; Female ; Fetal Blood/analysis ; Fetoscopy/methods ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*diagnosis/therapy ; Humans ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis/*methods ; Ultrasonography ; alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 79
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-12-08
    Beschreibung: Nineteen epileptic patients were tested first under medium (week 1) and then under high (week 2) therapeutic levels of phenobarbital. Relative to response times of 20 controls with equivalent practice but without medication, response times of patients in a short-term memory scanning task were strikingly slowed during week 2. However, increased phenobarbital did not slow responses in a task requiring access to information in long-term memory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLeod, C M -- Dekabian, A S -- Hunt, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1102-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epilepsy/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Memory, Short-Term/*drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Phenobarbital/adverse effects/*pharmacology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 80
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-10-20
    Beschreibung: Five Japanese macaques and five other Old World monkeys were trained to discriminate among field-recorded Japanese macaque vocalizations. One task required discrimination of a communicatively relevant acoustic feature ("peak"), and a second required discrimination of an orthogonal feature of the same vocalizations ("pitch"). The Japanese animals more proficiently discriminated the peak feature when stimuli were presented to the right ear (primarily left cerebral hemisphere), as opposed to the left ear (primarily right hemisphere). In discriminating the pitch feature, the Japanese animals either showed (i) a left-ear processing advantage or (ii) no ear advantage. The comparison animals, with one exception, showed no ear advantage in processing either feature of the vocalizations. The results suggest that Japanese macaques engage left-hemisphere processors for the analysis of communicatively significant sounds that are analogous to the lateralized mechanisms used by humans listening to speech.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Petersen, M R -- Beecher, M D -- Zoloth, S R -- Moody, D B -- Stebbins, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):324-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/99817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Discrimination Learning/physiology ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Male ; Species Specificity ; Vocalization, Animal/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 81
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-04-28
    Beschreibung: Ejaculations decreased and mount latencies increased when intact males were paired regularly over a 3.5-year period (3180 tests) with ovariectomized females made constantly receptive by daily injections of estradiol. The deterioration in potency was abruptly and completely reversed by substituting a group of new but similarly treated females for the original ones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, R P -- Zumpe, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417398" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Ejaculation ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Pair Bond ; Periodicity ; Seasons ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testosterone/blood ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 82
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-03-31
    Beschreibung: delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, the most active constituent of marihuana, decreased species-specific attack behavior in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys at doses (0.25 to 2.0 milligram per kilogram of body weight) that have no effects on other elements of the behavioral repertoire. Aggressive behavior was engendered in all three species by confronting a resident animal with an intruder conspecific. The present results contrast with the widely held belief that marihuana increases aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miczek, K A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1459-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Aggression/*drug effects ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Saimiri ; Territoriality
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 83
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-04-14
    Beschreibung: Cocaine (2.0 milligrams per kilogram) given by the oral route is at least as effective as the same dose given intranasally. Cocaine is not detected in the plasma until 30 minutes after oral administration, but peak plasma concentrations are similar after both routes. The subjective "highs" in man are greater after oral than after intranasal administration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Dyke, C -- Jatlow, P -- Ungerer, J -- Barash, P G -- Byck, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):211-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Administration, Intranasal ; Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Cocaine/*administration & dosage/blood/pharmacology ; Euphoria/drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 84
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-07-07
    Beschreibung: Endogenous opiate-like peptides (endorphins) are putative neuroregulators located throughout the mammalian brainstem. There is some evidence for their role in pain, stress, and affect. We report that the opiate antagonist, naloxone, alters some schizophrenic symptoms. In a double-blind, cross-over study, naloxone produced decreases in auditory hallucinations in some schizophrenic patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endorphins may play a roll in modulating hallucinations in a highly selected subgroup of chronically hallucinating schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Berger, P A -- Akil, H -- Mills, M J -- Barchas, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):73-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351804" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Endorphins/physiology ; Hallucinations/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 85
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-05-19
    Beschreibung: In two cebus (Cebus albifrons) monkeys given weekly oral doses of 0.25 milligram of haloperidol per kilogram, movement disorders appeared 1 to 8 hours after drug administration following the tenth weekly dose. These disorders included oral movements, peculiar postures, writhing, and stretching. Such reactions faded in intensity after the next two doses. Increasing the dose to 0.5 milligram per kilogram has elicited the disorders reliably after each weekly dose for almost 2 years. Similar reactions also developed in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciurea) treated weekly with haloperidol and in a third cebus monkey previously maintained for a year on a regimen of 0.25 milligram of haloperidol per kilogram on 5 days per week. These findings suggest an experimental model for determining the etiology of drug-induced movement disorders. They also suggest an unrecognized clinical problem.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, B -- Santelli, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):799-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417399" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; *Haloperidol/administration & dosage ; Haplorhini ; Time Factors
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-05-26
    Beschreibung: Defensive medicine--the use of diagnostic and end-treatment measures explicitly for the purposes of averting malpractice suits--is frequently cited as one of the least desirable effects of the current rise in medical litigation. Many physicians and policy-makers claim that defensive medicine is responsible not only for the increasing costs of health care but the exposing of patients to significant risks of harm from unnecessary procedures. Very little solid information is available about defensive medicine. The studies that have been conducted have been fraught with statistical difficulties and are by no means definitive. Even more important than the issue of defensive medicine is the more basic problem of our system of compensation for medical injuries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tancredi, L R -- Barondess, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):879-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Cesarean Section/utilization ; Child ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Craniocerebral Trauma/radiography ; *Defensive Medicine/economics ; Female ; Fetal Monitoring/utilization ; Humans ; *Malpractice/economics ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Pregnancy ; Quality of Health Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 87
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-07-21
    Beschreibung: Nineteen normal male subjects received 1.0 milligram of physostigmine or 1.0 milligram of saline by a slow intravenous infusion on two nonconsecutive days. Physostigmine significantly enhanced storage of information into long-term memory. Retrieval of information from long-term memory was also improved. Short-term memory processes were not significantly altered by physostigmine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Davis, K L -- Mohs, R C -- Tinklenberg, J R -- Pfefferbaum, A -- Hollister, L E -- Kopell, B S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):272-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351807" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Acetylcholine/physiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects/physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/drug effects ; Physostigmine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 88
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-02-03
    Beschreibung: In an auditory or musical task, subjects made pitch recognition judgments when the tones to be compared were separated by a sequence of interpolated tones. The left-handed subjects performed significantly better than the right-handed and also had a significantly higher variance. Further analysis showed that the superior performance was attributable largely to the left-handed subjects with mixed hand preference.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Deutsch, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):559-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622558" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Brain/physiology ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Memory/*physiology ; Pitch Discrimination/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-05-05
    Beschreibung: Five cases of a new disease presented with muscular weakness or cramping after exercise; three of the cases also had an elevated serum creatine phosphokinase. Muscle biopsies were histologically normal but lacked adenylate deaminase by stain and solution assay, while the erythrocyte isozyme was normal. A clinical diagnostic test has been developed, and the human enzyme was separated by acrylamide-gel electrophoresis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishbein, W N -- Armbrustmacher, V W -- Griffin, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):545-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644316" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): AMP Deaminase/blood/*deficiency ; Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism ; Adenosine Deaminase/blood ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Creatine Kinase/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles/enzymology ; Muscular Diseases/*enzymology ; Nucleotide Deaminases/*deficiency
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-04-21
    Beschreibung: Individual hypothalamic nuclei were microdissected from brain tissue of ten human subjects who had died suddenly while in apparent good health. Appreciable amounts of vasopressin and oxytocin immunoreactivity were found by specific radioimmunoassay in six hypothalamic nuclei including supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. Vasopressin and oxytocin are presumed to be synthesized in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei for axonal transport to the posterior pituitary for storage and release. Vasopressin and oxytocin in other hypothalamic nuclei may be a part of this system of neurosecretion or may serve some other function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉George, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):342-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/556308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Hypothalamus/*analysis ; Male ; Median Eminence/analysis ; Middle Aged ; Oxytocin/*analysis ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/analysis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Supraoptic Nucleus/analysis ; Vasopressins/*analysis
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 91
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-12-15
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gleason, R E -- Goldstein, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 15;202(4373):1217-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725599" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Cell Division ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prediabetic State/*physiopathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 92
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-03-10
    Beschreibung: Three adult male rhesus monkeys were tested daily with intact adult female partners over the course of four or five mentstrual cycles. The males were made permanently anosmic by chemical ablation of the olfactory epithelium after the second or fourth cycle was completed. All males continued to display typical cycles of copulation with their partners after the anosmia procedures, with the shortest latencies to ejaculation occurring during the periovulatory phase of the partner's ovulatory cycle. Hence, female attractivity and cyclic copulatory performance of rhesus monkeys are not dependent upon olfactory signals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldfoot, D A -- Essock-Vitale, S M -- Asa, C S -- Thornton, J E -- Leshner, A I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1095-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Copulation/*physiology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Menstruation ; *Odors ; Olfaction Disorders ; Vasectomy
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 93
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-02-17
    Beschreibung: Cultured skin fibroblasts from subjects with clinically apparent diabetes mellitus and from subjects genetically predisposed to diabetes have a replicative lifespan that is inversely related to donor age. Fibroblasts from carefully defined normal subjects not predisposed to diabetes fail to show this correlation. The data support the idea that physiologic status of the tissue donor is a more precise determinant of fibroblast replicative lifespan than chronologic age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldstein, S -- Moerman, E J -- Soeldner, J S -- Gleason, R E -- Barnett, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):781-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622567" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; *Aging ; Cell Division ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus/pathology/*physiopathology ; Fibroblasts/*cytology/pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prediabetic State/pathology/*physiopathology ; Regression Analysis ; Skin/cytology/pathology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 94
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-06-09
    Beschreibung: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gori, G B -- Richter, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1124-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Environment ; Female ; Government ; Humans ; Infant ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Dynamics ; *Preventive Medicine ; Social Security ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-01-06
    Beschreibung: Gas chromatography with electron capture detection was used to quantitate melatonin in single human pineal glands. The sensitivity of this melatonin assay is in the low picogram range. A 24-hour rhythm of pineal melatonin content was observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greiner, A C -- Chan, S C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):83-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉North Lawn Unit, Riverview Hospital, Essondale, British Columbia, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Male ; Melatonin/analogs & derivatives/*analysis ; Middle Aged ; Pineal Gland/*chemistry
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-08-11
    Beschreibung: Diet-induced atherosclerosis developed more extensively in vasectomized cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) than in sham-vasectomized control monkeys fed the same diet. The effect was most pronounced in the abdominal aortas, carotid arteries, distal segments of the coronary arteries, and intracranial cerebral arteries. Antibodies to sperm developed in all vasectomized monkeys, and complement and immunoglobulins were associated with atherosclerotic plaques in some of the vasectomized animals. The immunological response to sperm antigens that often accompanies vasectomy may exacerbate atherosclerosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Alexander, N J -- Clarkson, T B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):538-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96532" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Arteries/immunology/pathology ; Arteriosclerosis/*etiology/immunology/pathology ; Autoantibodies ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Cholesterol Esters/metabolism ; Diet, Atherogenic ; Haplorhini ; Macaca fascicularis ; Male ; Spermatozoa/immunology ; Vasectomy/*adverse effects
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-08-11
    Beschreibung: Rhesus monkeys were allowed to choose between intravenous injections of cocaine and food reinforcement for lever pressing. A choice trial was available every 15 minutes continuously for 8 days. The animals chose cocaine almost exclusively, which resulted in high cocaine intake, decreased food intake, weight loss, and marked behavioral toxicity. The study provides evidence of the reinforcing efficacy of cocaine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aigner, T G -- Balster, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):534-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Body Weight ; Choice Behavior/*drug effects ; Cocaine/*pharmacology ; Decision Making/*drug effects ; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects ; Haplorhini ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Posture ; *Reinforcement (Psychology)
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-09-15
    Beschreibung: Female savanna baboons (Papio cynocephalus) had a longer postpartum amenorrhea and thereafter cycled longer before conceiving if their previous infant survived than if that infant died. Among mothers of surviving infants, differences in maternal care produced differences in age of weaning and age of independence but did not result in differences in interbirth intervals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altmann, J -- Altmann, S A -- Hausfater, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1028-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/98844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Amenorrhea ; Animals ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Maternal Behavior ; Papio/*physiology ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; *Reproduction ; Time Factors ; Weaning
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-09-29
    Beschreibung: Human sleep is characterized by episodes of immobility punctuated by major postural shifts. The organization of this motor activity was shown with a combination of photographic and electroencephalographic recording to be periodic and related to the electroencephalographic sleep cycle. The amount of immobility as measured photographically was positively related to subjective estimates of the goodness of sleep.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hobson, J A -- Spagna, T -- Malenka, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 29;201(4362):1251-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694515" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Electroencephalography ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Movement ; Photography ; Sleep Stages/*physiology
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1978-01-06
    Beschreibung: The human brain is found to produce a magnetic field near the scalp which varies in synchrony with periodic electrical stimulation applied to a finger. Use of a highly sensitive superconducting quantum interference device as a magnetic field detector reveals that the brain's field is sharply localized over the primary projection area of the sensory cortex contralateral to the digit being stimulated. The phase of the response at the stimulus frequency varies monotonically with the repetition rate and at intermediate frequencies yields a latency of approximately 70 milliseconds for cortical response.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brenner, D -- Lipton, J -- Kaufman, L -- Williamson, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 6;199(4324):81-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Electric Stimulation ; *Electromagnetic Fields ; Fingers ; Humans ; Male ; Reaction Time ; Thumb
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    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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