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  • Time Factors  (64)
  • Cell Line  (35)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (99)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • 1975-1979  (99)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (99)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
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Year
  • 1
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    Light and efferent activity control rhabdom turnover in Limulus photoreceptors (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-19
    Description: Photosensitive membrane structures in the retinular cells of the Limulus lateral eye are broken down and renewed daily. The first light onset causes a rapid, synchronous disassembly and buildup of the rhabdom in each photoreceptor cell. The entire process is complete within 30 minutes. Blocking the efferent input to the retina from the brain blocks the turnover of the rhabdom, and mimicking the efferent input by optic nerve stimulation restores it.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chamberlain, S C -- Barlow, R B Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 19;206(4416):361-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/482946" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Efferent Pathways/physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Horseshoe Crabs/*physiology ; *Light ; Optic Nerve/physiology ; Photoreceptor Cells/cytology/*physiology ; Regeneration ; Retina/cytology/physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Microsecond sensitivity of the human visual system to irregular flicker (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-09
    Description: A flickering light presented to the eye produces a small alternating voltage at the scalp of a subject. This alternating voltage indicates the following response of the brain to the flicker. If every other flash in the flicker is displaced temporally by as little as 30 microseconds, an asymmetry appears in the brain's alternating voltage. The results suggest an underlying mechanism that may enhance visual detection of high-frequency flicker.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Diamond, A L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 9;206(4419):708-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Evoked Potentials ; Flicker Fusion/physiology ; Humans ; Time Factors ; *Vision, Ocular
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Thiourea reverses cross-links and restores biological activity in DNA treated with dichlorodiaminoplatinum (II) (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Cis and trans dichlorodiaminoplatinum (II) compounds bind to DNA and form DNA cross-links, which are usually considered to be irreversible. Thiourea can reverse these cross-links without any apparent breakdown of the DNA. In addition, cis- and trans-Pt (II) treatment of lambda decreases its transfectivity. After suitable incubation with thiourea, full transfectivity of Pt(II)-treated lambda DNA can be restored.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Filipski, J -- Kohn, K W -- Prather, R -- Bonner, W M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):181-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/571145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Coliphages ; DNA/*metabolism ; DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism ; DNA, Viral/metabolism ; Leukemia L1210 ; Organoplatinum Compounds/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thiourea/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Difference between postpartum and nutritional amenorrhea (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frisch, R E -- McArthur, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 2;203(4383):921-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/419411" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*etiology/physiopathology ; Body Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Lactation ; Nutrition Disorders/complications ; Pregnancy ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Genetic mechanism accounting for precise immunoglobulin domain deletion in a variant of MPC 11 myeloma cells (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-12-14
    Description: A variant of the MPC 11 cell line, M 311, produces a short immunoglobulin heavy chain. When compared with the parental gamma 2b heavy chain, M 311 was found to have a carboxyl terminal deletion comprising the CH3 domain. The COOH-terminal cyanogen bromide (CNBr) cleavage fragment of M 311 is identical to a corresponding segment ofa parental heavy chain CNBr fragment, with the exception of a substitution of asparagine for lysine at the COOH-terminal residue. This observation enabled prediction of both the parental DNA sequence in this region and the genetic mechanism which generated the variant, a frameshift followed by premature termination. This hypothesis is supported by studies of the DNA sequence of the MPC 11 gamma 2b constant region gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kenter, A L -- Birshtein, B K -- R21 AI106328/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Dec 14;206(4424):1307-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/117550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Deletion ; Genes ; Immunoglobulin G/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains/genetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Melphalan/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Myeloma Proteins/*genetics ; Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics ; Peptide Chain Termination, Translational ; Plasmacytoma/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Movement disorders of aged rats: reversal by dopamine receptor stimulation (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: When placed in a tank of water, aged rats (24 to 27 months old) showed marked impairments in swimming. Compared with young adult rats (3 to 4 months old), the older animals moved their limbs less vigorously and were less successful in keeping their heads above water. The young, but not old, rats maintained a position nearly horizontal to the water surface and planed across it. These movement dysfunctions of aged rats resemble those seen in young adult animals that have sustained injury to brain dopamine-containing neurons. The swimming impairments of the aged rats were reversed by the dopamine receptor stimulant apomorphine and by the biosynthetic precursor of dopamine, L-dopa. Thus, age-related alterations in brain dopaminergic systems may be responsible for some of the movement disturbances associated with senescence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, J F -- Berrios, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):477-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Apomorphine/therapeutic use ; Levodopa/therapeutic use ; Male ; Movement Disorders/drug therapy/*physiopathology ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/*physiology ; Swimming ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Pharmacologic effects in man of a potent, long-acting dopamine receptor agonist (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-14
    Description: Single-dose administration of pergolide mesylate (100 to 400 micrograms) results in a dose-related inhibition of prolactin secretion which persists for more than 24 hours. During multiple-dose administration of pergolide, plasma prolactin concentrations remain markedly reduced (greater than 80 percnet) and gradually return to control levels several days after drug administration is discontinued.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lemberger, L -- Crabtree, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 14;205(4411):1151-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/382359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ergolines/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Placebos ; Prolactin/blood ; Receptors, Dopamine/*drug effects ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    DNA synthesis and mitosis in adult amphibian cardiac muscle cells in vitro (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: High-resolution autoradiography and fine structural analysis of adult newt heart tissue in long-term culture revealed that tritiated thymidine was concentrated in the nuclei of dedifferentiated myocardial cells. Mitotic chromosomes were observed in some of these cells. This demonstrates that adult amphibian myocardial cells in vitro are capable of DNA synthesis and mitosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nag, A C -- Healy, C J -- Cheng, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1281-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472744" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; *Mitosis ; Muscle Proteins/metabolism ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Salamandridae ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Perception of echo phase information in bat sonar (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Echolocating bats (Eptesicus fuscus) can detect changes as small as 500 nanoseconds in the arrival time of sonar echoes when these changes appear as jitter or alternations in arrival time from one echo to the next. The psychophysical function relating the bat's performance to the magnitude of the jitter corresponds to the half-wave rectified cross-correlation function between the emitted sonar signals and the echoes. The bat perceives the phase or period structure of the sounds, which cover the 25- to 100-kilohertz frequency range, as these are represented in the auditory system after peripheral transformation. The acoustic image of a sonar target is apparently derived from time-domain or periodicity information processing by the nervous system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1336-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451543" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; Echolocation/*physiology ; Movement ; Orientation/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Harmonic-sensitive neurons in the auditory cortex of the mustache bat (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-19
    Description: Human speech and animal sounds contain phonemes with prominent and meaningful harmonics. The biosonar signals of the mustache bat also contain up to four harmonics, and each consists of a long constant-frequency component followed by a short frequency-modulated component. Neurons have been found in a large cluster within auditory cortex of this bat whose responses are facilitated by combinations of two or more harmonically related tones. Moreover, the best frequencies for excitation of these neurons are closely associated with the constant-frequency components of the biosonar signals. The properties of these neurons make them well suited for identifying the signals produced by other echolocating mustache bats. They also show how meaningful components of sound are assembled by neural circuits in the central nervous system and suggest a method by which sounds with important harmonics (or formants) may be detected and recognized by the brain in other species, including humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suga, N -- O'Neill, W E -- Manabe, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 19;203(4377):270-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760193" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Auditory Pathways/physiology ; Auditory Perception/*physiology ; Chiroptera/*physiology ; Echolocation/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 11
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    Delayed neurotoxicity of phenylphosphonothioate esters (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Administration of a single oral dose of five phenylphosphonothioate esters produced delayed neurotoxicity in hens; their potency was, in descending order, cyanofenphos, EPN, desbromoleptophos, leptophos, and EPBP (Seven). Histological examination showed that in some hens there was marked axonal and myelin degeneration in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. The results suggest that delayed neurotoxicity may be a general feature of phenylphosphonothioate insecticides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Abou-Donia, M B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):713-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462181" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ataxia/chemically induced ; Chickens ; Demyelinating Diseases/chemically induced ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Insecticides/*toxicity ; Nerve Degeneration ; *Neurotoxins ; *Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 12
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    Permeability of the cell-to-cell membrane channels in mammalian cell juncton (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-27
    Description: The channels in the junctions of various mammalian cell types--primary cultures and lines--were probed with a series of linear fluorescent amino acid and peptide molecules of different size and charge. Permeability is limited by probe size and electronegativity, these two factors apparently being related reciprocally. In respect to both factors, mammalian junctional channels are more restrictive than insect channels; hence the mammalian channels are narrower, more polar, or both. The channels of the various mammalian cell types differed slightly from each other; in some types the serum of the culture medium affected the channel permeability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flagg-Newton, J -- Simpson, I -- Loewenstein, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 27;205(4404):404-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377490" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; *Cell Membrane Permeability ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Kidney ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    Nanosecond X-ray diffraction from biological samples with a laser-produced plasma source (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-11
    Description: By using 4.45-angstrom radiation generated by Cl+15 ions in a laser plasma and nanosecond exposures, low-angle x-ray diffraction patterns were obtained from dried rat spinal nerves and a powder of cholesterol. Three to four 400-picosecond, 45-joule pulses were required for the exposure. This new technique should have wide application in structural kinetic studies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frankel, R D -- Forsyth, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 11;204(4393):622-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cholesterol ; In Vitro Techniques ; *Lasers ; Neurons/*ultrastructure ; Rats ; Time Factors ; X-Ray Diffraction/*methods
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 14
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    Nonpneumonic, short-incubation-period Legionellosis (Pontiac fever) in men who cleaned a steam turbine condenser (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Pontiac fever affected ten men who had cleaned a steam turbine condenser with compressed air. Previous epidemics of Pontiac fever and Legionnaires' disease--both caused by Legionella Pneumophila (proposed sp. nov.)--involved "airborne spread" from air-conditioning cooling towers or evaporative condensers. Aerosols of contaminated water in heat-rejection systems appear to be important sources of epidemic legionellosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fraser, D W -- Deubner, D C -- Hill, D L -- Gilliam, D K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):690-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462175" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Air Microbiology ; Humans ; Legionnaires' Disease/*etiology/microbiology/transmission ; Male ; Occupational Medicine ; Time Factors
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  • 15
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    Can an ape create a sentence? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-23
    Description: More than 19,000 multisign utterances of an infant chimpanzee (Nim) were analyzed for syntactic and semantic regularities. Lexical regularities were observed in the case of two-sign combinations: particular signs (for example, more) tended to occur in a particular position. These regularities could not be attributed to memorization or to position habits, suggesting that they were structurally constrained. That conclusion, however, was invalidated by videotape analyses, which showed that most of Nim's utterances were prompted by his teacher's prior utterance, and that Nim interrupted his teachers to a much larger extent than a child interrupts an adult's speech. Signed utterances of other apes (as shown on films) revealed similar non-human patterns of discourse.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Terrace, H S -- Petitto, L A -- Sanders, R J -- Bever, T G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 23;206(4421):891-902.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Communication ; Animals ; Humans ; Language Development ; Male ; Pan troglodytes/*physiology ; Semantics ; Sign Language ; Time Factors
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  • 16
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    Identifying environmental chemicals causing mutations and cancer (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-11
    Description: Damage to DNA appears to be the major cause of most cancer and genetic birth defects and may contribute to aging and heart disease as well. The agents that cause this damage must be identified. Many of these agents are natural chemicals present in the human diet as complex mixtures. The tens of thousands of man-made chemicals that have been introduced into the environment in the last few decades must also be tested for their ability to damage DNA. Existing animal tests and human epidemiology alone are inadequate for this task because of time, expense, and the difficulty of dealing with complex mixtures, Newly developed short-term tests, most of them assaying for mutagenicity, are discussed as key tools in identifying environmental mutagens and carcinogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ames, B N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 11;204(4393):587-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373122" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Carcinogens ; DNA/genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Environmental Exposure ; Ethylene Dibromide ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; Flame Retardants ; Furylfuramide ; Hair Dyes ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Halogenated ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism ; *Mutagens ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Risk ; Salmonella/drug effects ; Smoking/complications ; Time Factors
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  • 17
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    "Sontaneous" neoplastic transformation in vitro: a form of foreign body (smooth surface) tumorigenesis (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: Explants of subcutaneous connective tissue from adult BALB/c mice into plastic petri dishes were serially subcultured and tested for tumorigenicity in two ways: by the subcutaneous implantation of cells attached to plastic plates (1 by 5 by 10 millimeters), and by the subcutaneous injection of cells suspended in saline. Cells grown in vitro for 18 or more days before being implanted attached to a plastic plate (2.4 x 10(4) to 3.4 x 10(5) cells per plate) formed tumors after 24 to 79 weeks. The latent period before tumor appearance correlated inversely with the time spent by the cells in tissue culture. Cells inoculated in saline suspension (10 to 100 times the above number per plate) did not form tumors until after 84 days in vitro; plates alone did not induce tumor formation within more than 1 1/2 years of implantation. The tumors arising from the plate-attached cells were transplantable without plates and histologically appeared to be undifferentiated sarcomas. It is well established that smooth-surfaced foreign bodies, regardless of their chemical composition, will produce sarcomas when transplanted subcutaneously in rodents. We interpret our data, particularly the decrease in tumor latent period with time spent in tissue culture, as indicating that a smooth surface was acting as a carcinogen first in vitro (the surface of the tissue culture dish) and then in vivo (the surface of the plastic plate).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Boone, C W -- Takeichi, N -- Eaton, S D -- Paranjpe, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):177-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/373119" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Connective Tissue/pathology ; Female ; Foreign-Body Reaction/*complications ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*etiology ; *Plastics ; Sarcoma, Experimental/etiology ; Time Factors
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    Membrane effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and estrogen shown by intracellular recording from pituitary cells (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-05-04
    Description: The effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and 17 beta-estradiol on the electrical membrane properties of a prolactin-secretin pituitary cell line (GH3/B6) were studied with intracellular microelectrode recordings. Of the cells tested, 50 percent were excitable and displayed calcium-dependent action potentials when depolarized. When injected directly on the membrane of an excitable cell, thyrotropin-releasing hormone and 17 beta-estradiol induced action potentials within 1 minute. The spiking activity was preceded by a progressive increase of the input resistance without any detectable change in the resting membrane polarization. The results reveal a rapid effect of both substances on the membrane of GH3/B6 cells. In the case of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which has both a short-term effect on release of prolactin and a long-term effect on its synthesis, the induced electrical activity may be associated with the stimulation of prolactin production. The physiological implication of 17 beta-estradiol-induced, calcium-dependent spiking activity remains to be elucidated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dufy, B -- Vincent, J D -- Fleury, H -- Du Pasquier, P -- Gourdji, D -- Tixier-Vidal, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 4;204(4392):509-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107590" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Estradiol/*pharmacology ; Pituitary Gland/*drug effects ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone/*pharmacology
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    Feeding and behavioral activation in infant rats (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-07-13
    Description: Three-day-old rats that were separated from their mothers and deprived of food were found to be capable of feeding either from small puddles of milk or when milk was infused into the front of their mouths. Such feeding was accompanied by a dramatic increase in behavioral activity and only occurred in a warm environment. These data demonstrate that neural systems for ingestive behavior are present at birth and suggest the existence of feeding-related arousal or motivational systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hall, W G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):206-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451591" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/*physiology ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Food Deprivation ; Movement ; Rats ; Temperature ; Time Factors
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  • 20
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    Opiate (Enkephalin) receptors of neuroblastoma cells: occurrence in clusters on the cell surface (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: A bioactive, fluorescent derivative of enkephalin, Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-Lys-rhodamine, was used to determine the distribution of opiate receptors in living neuroblastoma cells. The receptors appeared in clusters on the cell surface, and no internalization was detected. No specific fluorescence or clusters were observed in the presence of [D-Ala2, Leu5]enkephalin or at 4 degrees C, and the clusters were much reduced under ionic conditions (that is, with 100 millimolars sodium) that specifically decrease the binding of opiate agonists.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hazum, E -- Chang, K J -- Cuatrecasas, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1077-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/227058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Endorphins/*metabolism ; Enkephalins/*metabolism ; Mice ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism ; Neuroblastoma/*metabolism ; Receptors, Opioid/*metabolism ; Synaptic Membranes/metabolism
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  • 21
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    Long-term choline treatment of memory-impaired elderly patients (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-09-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ferris, S H -- Sathananthan, G -- Reisberg, B -- Gershon, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 7;205(4410):1039-40.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Dementia/drug therapy ; Humans ; Memory Disorders/*drug therapy ; Parasympathomimetics/*therapeutic use ; Time Factors
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  • 22
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    Noncycling tumor cells are sensitive targets for the antiproliferative activity of human interferon (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-11-30
    Description: Resting Burkitt's lymphoma cells (Daudi) in culture are more sensitive targets for the antiproliferative activity of purified human fibroblast interferon than cells that are rapidly multiplying. Thus, interferon may be of significant clinical value in neoplasms involving stem cells and, after chemotherapy, in suppressing the reemergence of tumors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Horoszewicz, J S -- Leong, S S -- Carter, W A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Nov 30;206(4422):1091-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/493995" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy/pathology ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Division/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Interferons/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Lymphocytes/drug effects
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  • 23
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    Testosterone reduces refractory period of stria terminalis neurons in the rat brain (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: The absolute refractory period of neurons projecting from the corticomedial amygdala to the medial preoptic-anterior hypothalamic junction in rats was significantly increased by castration (from 1.01 to 1.61 milliseconds) and decreased again by testosterone (from 1.48 to 0.97 millisecond). Corticomedial amygdala neurons which projected to the capsule of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus were unaffected. These results demonstrate a specific, direct neuronal effect of testosterone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kendrick, K M -- Drewett, R F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):877-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/220709" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Amygdala/drug effects ; Animals ; Brain/*drug effects ; Castration ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials/drug effects ; Hypothalamus, Anterior/drug effects ; Male ; Preoptic Area/drug effects ; Rats ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects ; Testosterone/*pharmacology ; Time Factors
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  • 24
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    Retrograde amnesia for old (reactivated) memory: some anomalous characteristics (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-06-22
    Description: Old memory, when reactivated by cue exposure, was disrupted by mild or deep hypothermia treatments. New memory was impaired only by deep cooling. Moreover, old but not new learning showed spontaneous recovery. Old reactivated memory may be qualitatively different from newly acquired memory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mactutus, C F -- Riccio, D C -- Ferek, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 22;204(4399):1319-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Amnesia/*physiopathology ; Amnesia, Retrograde/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/physiology ; Humans ; Hypothermia/*physiopathology ; Male ; Memory/*physiology ; Rats ; Time Factors
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    Nuclear transcripts of mouse heavy chain immunoglobulin genes contain only the expressed class of C-region sequences (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: In plasmacytoma cells producing IgG, IgA, or IgM immunoglobulin heavy chains, the large precursors of the heavy chain messenger RNA's contain nucleotide sequences that specify only the expressed class of constant region. This indicates that the switch from one class of heavy chain to another during B cell ontogeny does not occur by altered processing of a complex gene transcript.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marcu, K B -- Schibler, U -- Perry, R P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1087-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/109919" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Mice ; Myeloma Proteins/*genetics ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology ; Nucleic Acid Precursors/genetics ; Plasmacytoma/immunology ; Poly A/metabolism ; RNA, Heterogeneous Nuclear/genetics ; *Transcription, Genetic
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    Low-level radiation: just how bad is it? (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):160-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432638" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Dust ; Environmental Exposure ; Leukemia, Radiation-Induced/etiology ; Maximum Allowable Concentration ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/*etiology ; Occupational Diseases/etiology ; Plutonium ; Risk ; Time Factors
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  • 27
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    Chemotactic responses of tumor cells to products of resorbing bone (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-01-12
    Description: To explore possible mechanisms for the metastasis of malignant cells to bone, a model of tumor cell migration was developed, using Walker carcinosarcoma or malignant lymphoma cells. It was found that bone contains a factor that is strongly chemotactic for tumor cells. This factoor is released by a variety of agents that induce resorption of bone.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Orr, W -- Varani, J -- Gondex, M K -- Ward, P A -- Mundy, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 12;203(4376):176-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/569363" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bone Resorption/*physiopathology ; Bone and Bones/*physiopathology ; Carcinoma 256, Walker/*physiopathology ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement ; *Chemotaxis ; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte ; Lymphoma/physiopathology ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Experimental/physiopathology ; Organ Culture Techniques
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  • 28
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    Watching fat digestion (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-04-13
    Description: During fat digestion a number of physicochemical events can be seen directly by light microscopy. Under simulated physiological conditions, hydrolysis of emulsified fat droplets by human pancreatic lipase in the presence of colipase and bile salt micelles proceeds with the sequential formation of two visible product phases. A lamellar liquid crystalline or crystalline phase containing calcium and ionized fatty acid forms first; this is followed by the production of a "viscous isotropic" phase composed predominantly of monoglycerides and protonated fatty acids.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Patton, J S -- Carey, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 13;204(4389):145-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/432636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bile Acids and Salts/physiology ; Chemistry, Physical ; Colipases/metabolism ; Crystallography ; *Digestion ; Lipase/*metabolism ; Models, Chemical ; Oils/*metabolism ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Solubility ; Time Factors
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  • 29
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    Air is once again rent by drug lag claims (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-07-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 20;205(4403):283.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/451599" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Drug Evaluation ; Legislation, Drug ; Time Factors ; United States ; *United States Food and Drug Administration
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  • 30
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    Radiation from tritiated thymidine perturbs the cell cycle progression of stimulated lymphocytes (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-03-09
    Description: Tritiated thymidine was found to affect the cell cycle progression of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human lymphocytes. By means of flow cytometry a statistically significant increase in the G2 and M phases of the cell cycle was observed in cultures with low concentrations of tritiated thymidine added 18 hours before the cultures were harvested.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pollack, A -- Bagwell, C B -- Irvin, G L 3rd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 9;203(4384):1025-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424727" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Cycle/drug effects/*radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Activation/*radiation effects ; Lymphocytes/*radiation effects ; Mitosis/radiation effects ; Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology ; Thymidine/pharmacology ; Time Factors ; *Tritium
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    Human macrophage migration inhibition factor: evidence for subunit structure (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-07-20
    Description: Macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) derived from human lymphoid cell lines was found to lose biologic activity on dialysis. Although activity was not recovered in the dialyzate, mixing experiments demonstrated that the components in the retentate and dialyzate could reassociate to restore activity. The fragment of larger molecular weight (less than 10,000) could inhibit the activity of intact MIF, whereas the smaller molecular weight fragment (5,000 to 10,000) could not. These findings suggest that human MIF is composed of at least two noncovalently linked subunits. In analogy to the situation for certain bacterial toxins, one of these may represent an attachment piece for a target cell membrane receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Possanza, G -- Cohen, M C -- Yoshida, T -- Cohen, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jul 20;205(4403):300-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/377487" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Dialysis ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lymphocytes/physiology ; Macromolecular Substances ; *Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors ; Molecular Weight
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  • 32
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    A brain event related to the making of a sensory discrimination (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-03-30
    Description: Event-related potentials associated with detected targets in a vigilance task were analyzed in two ways: (i) by sorting the potentials in terms of sequential reaction time bins of 50 milliseconds and (ii) by examining the single trial waveforms. A negative component (N2) covaried in latency with reaction time. These results support the hypothesis that N2 reflects a decision process which controls behavioral responses in sensory discrimination tasks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ritter, W -- Simson, R -- Vaughan, H G Jr -- Friedman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 30;203(4387):1358-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424760" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/physiology ; Brain/*physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Pitch Discrimination/physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 33
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    Induction of differentiation in human promyelocytic leukemia cells by tumor promoters (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-05-25
    Description: Phorbol diester tumor promoters and the promoter mezerein convert human promyelocytic leukemia cells in culture into adherent, nonproliferating cells with many of the characteristics of macrophages. Other types of promoters such as anthralin, phenobarbital, and saccharin do not have this effect. Various compounds that can inhibit some of the biological and biochemical effects of tumor promoters do not interfere with the induction of cell adherence and differentiation by the effective promoters.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rovera, G -- O'Brien, T G -- Diamond, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 May 25;204(4395):868-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/286421" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Cell Differentiation/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/*pathology ; Phorbol Esters/pharmacology ; Phorbols/*pharmacology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/*pharmacology
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    Long-term amphetamine treatment decreases brain serotonin metabolism: implications for theories of schizophrenia (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-21
    Description: Long-term amphetamine administration to cats (a mean of 8.75 milligrams per kilogram twice daily for 10 days) produced large decreases (40 to 67 percent in serotonin and its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, in all brain regions examined. This treatment also produced several behaviors that are dependent on depressed central serotonergic neurotransmission, and which normally are elicited exclusively by hallucinogenic drugs. Short-term amphetamine administration (15 mg/kg) did not produce these behaviors and resulted in small decreases in brain serotonin and no change in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These data are discussed in the context of monoamine theories of schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trulson, M E -- Jacobs, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 21;205(4412):1295-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/572992" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Brain/*metabolism ; Brain Chemistry/*drug effects ; Cats ; Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/*physiopathology ; Serotonin/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Delay of constant light-induced persistent vaginal estrus by 24-hour time cues in rats (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-20
    Description: The normal ovarian cycle of female rats is typically replaced by persistent estrus when these animals are housed under constant light. Evidence presented here shows that the maintenance of periodicity in the environment can at least delay (if not prevent) the photic induction of persistent vaginal estrus. Female rats in constant light were exposed to vaginal smearing at random times or at the same time every day. In another experiment, female rats were exposed to either constant bright light, constant dim light, or a 24-hour photic cycle of bright and dim light. The onset of persistent vaginal estrus was delayed in rats exposed to 24-hour time cues even though the light intensities were the same as or greater than those for the aperiodic control groups. The results suggest that the absence of 24-hour time cues in constant light contributes to the induction of persistent estrus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weber, A L -- Adler, N T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 20;204(4390):323-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/571146" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Clocks ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Estrus/*radiation effects ; Female ; *Light ; Periodicity/radiation effects ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Time Factors
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    GABA receptors in clonal cell lines: a model for study of benzodiazepine action at molecular level (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-08-24
    Description: A "recptor unit" for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which includes brainlike receptor binding sites for tritium-labeled GABA and benzodiazepines (diazepam, clonazepam, and flunitrazepam) and a thermostable endogenous protein (GABA modulin) that inhibits both GABA and benzodiazepine binding, has been demonstrated in membranes prepared from NB2a neuroblastoma and C6 glioma clonal cell lines. In these cells, as in brain, diazepam (1 micromolar) prevents the effect of GABA modulin, and in turn GABA (0.oma and, to a lesser extent, the glioma cells represent a suitable model to study the interactions and the sequence of membrane and intracellular events triggered by the stimulation of benzodiazepine and GABA receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baraldi, M -- Guidotti, A -- Schwartz, J P -- Costa, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 24;205(4408):821-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462192" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzodiazepines/*metabolism ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Clonazepam/metabolism ; Clone Cells/metabolism ; Diazepam/metabolism/pharmacology ; Flunitrazepam/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/pharmacology ; Mice ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism
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    Antipsychotic drug action in schizophrenic patients: effect on cortical dopamine metabolism after long-term treatment (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-09-28
    Description: In the brains of deceased schizophrenics who underwent long-term treatment with antipsychotic drugs, the concentration of homovanillic acid (a dopamine metabolite) was significantly increased in the orbital frontal, cingulate, and temporal tip areas of the cortex, but not in the putamen or the nucleus accumbens. The concentration of homovanillic acid was normal in the brains of schizophrenics who were not treated with drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bacopoulos, N C -- Spokes, E G -- Bird, E D -- Roth, R H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Sep 28;205(4413):1405-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/metabolism ; Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Homovanillic Acid/metabolism ; Humans ; Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism ; Putamen/metabolism ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Synaptic phosphoproteins: specific changes after repetitive stimulation of the hippocampal slice (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: Repetitive stimulation (100 pulses per second for 1 second) of the Schafer collateral-commissural system of the rat hippocampus induces long-term potentiation of synaptic strength and produces significant changes in the subsequent endogenous phosphorylation of a 40,000-dalton protein from synaptic plasma membranes. This effect is not observed after stimulation in calcium-deficient media or after simulation at the rate of one pulse per second for 100 seconds. These findings provide evidence that repetitive synaptic activation can alter the phosphorylation machinery of the synaptic region and suggest a biochemical process which may be involved in the production of neuronal plasticity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Browning, M -- Dunwiddie, T -- Bennett, W -- Gispen, W -- Lynch, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):60-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Hippocampus/*metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Synaptic Membranes/*metabolism ; *Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
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    Neuronal supersensitivity to acetylcholine induced by kindling in the rat hippocampus (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-06-08
    Description: Kindling is an experimental model of epilepsy in which periodic brain stimulation induces the progressive development of electrical and behavioral seizures. A kindling-induced electrical seizure (afterdischarge) in the rat hippocampus produces prolonged neuronal supersensitivity to microiontophoretically applied acetylcholine after a latency of 40 to 60 minutes. Neuronal acetylcholine supersensitivity is correlated with the further progression of kindling. A larger hippocampal after-discharge is elicited by a subsequent kindling stimulus delivered in the presence of acetylcholine supersensitivity, but not by one delivered before the onset of the supersensitivity. The results suggest that alteration of synaptic sensitivity to acetylcholine may contribute to kindling and epileptogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Burchfiel, J L -- Duchowny, M S -- Duffy, F H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jun 8;204(4397):1096-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36660" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Epilepsy/physiopathology ; Glutamates/pharmacology ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/pharmacology ; Rats ; Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
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  • 40
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    Long-term analgesic effects of inescapable shock and learned helplessness (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-10-05
    Description: Although exposure to inescapable shocks induced analgesia in rats, the analgesia was not manifest 24 hours later. A brief reexposure to shock, however, restored the analgesia. This reexposure to shock had an analgesic effect only if the rats had been shocked 24 hours previously. Further, long-term analgesic effects depended on the controllability of the original shocks and not on shock exposure per se. Implications of these results for learned helplessness and stress-induced analgesia are discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, R L -- Maier, S F -- Coon, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 5;206(4414):91-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/573496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesia ; Animals ; *Avoidance Learning ; *Electroshock ; Humans ; Rats ; Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology ; Time Factors
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    Synaptic proteins after electroconvulsive stimulation (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-08-17
    Description: Quantitative immunoelectrophoresis of rat brain synaptic proteins following a series of electroconvulsive stimulations demonstrated changes suggestive of an increase in the number of synaptic vesicles, in a preparedness for glycolytic demands, and a delayed development of a certain area in the brain. The increased synaptic remodeling may be important for the action of electroconvulsive therapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jorgensen, O S -- Bolwig, T G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 17;205(4407):705-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/462178" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; *Electroconvulsive Therapy ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Occipital Lobe/metabolism ; Rats ; Synaptic Membranes/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Human and mouse hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase: dimers and tetramers (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-12
    Description: Human and mouse hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase subunits combine to form an active heteropolymer. Dimers form the basic subunit structure of the enzymes, yet the dimers can readily associate to form tetramers. The equilibrium between dimers and tetramers is significantly influenced by the ionic strength of the enzyme solvent.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, G G -- Eisenberg, L R -- Migeon, B R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 12;203(4376):174-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/569362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells/enzymology ; *Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Protein Conformation ; X Chromosome
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    Prolongation of islet allograft survival following in vitro culture (24 degrees C) and a single injection of ALS (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-04-20
    Description: Isolated rat islets remain morphologically and functionally intact during a 7-day period of in vitro culture at 24 degrees C. In vitro culture of islets at 24 degrees C for 7 days prior to transplantation, in conjunction with a single injection of antiserum to lymphocytes into the diabetic recipient, results in islet allograft survival of 100 days when the islets are transplanted across a major histocompatibility barrier.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lacy, P E -- Davie, J M -- Finke, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Apr 20;204(4390):312-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107588" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antilymphocyte Serum ; Culture Techniques ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy ; Graft Survival ; Histocompatibility Antigens ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Male ; Rats ; Time Factors ; Transplantation, Homologous
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    Memory load and event rate control sensitivity decrements in sustained attention (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1979-08-31
    Description: The capacity to sustain attention at an efficient level deteriorates over time in discrimination and monitoring tasks. This "vigilance decrement" results from a decrement in perceptual sensitivity only if (i) target discrimination loads memory and (ii) stimulus events occur rapidly; otherwise, the decrement reflects temporal changes in response criteria. These results provide a basis for distinguishing between the perceptual and response processes underlying the vigilance decrement that may be generalized across a range of tasks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parasuraman, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Aug 31;205(4409):924-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/472714" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attention/*physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology ; Humans ; Memory/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Cellular analysis of long-term habituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex of Aplysia californica (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: Long-term habituation training in Aplysia californica produces a profound depression in the efficacy of synaptic transmission between mechanoreceptor neurons and gill motor neurons. This depression persists for more than 3 weeks. Thus a critical synaptic site for plasticity underlying long-term habituation is the same as that for short-term habituation. For this simple form of learning, short- and long-term memory share a common locus and aspects of a common mechanism: synaptic depression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Castellucci, V F -- Carew, T J -- Kandel, E R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1306-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aplysia ; Gills/physiology ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic/*physiology ; Mechanoreceptors/physiology ; Memory/*physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; *Reflex, Monosynaptic ; Retention (Psychology)/physiology ; Synaptic Membranes/physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
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    Cellular interactions uncouple beta-adrenergic receptors from adenylate cyclase (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: C6 glioma cells and B104 neuroblastoma cells both possess adenylate cyclase activity, but only C6 cells have beta-adrenergic receptors. However, when cocultured with B104 cells, C6 cells show a marked decrease in their ability to accumulate adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate upon stimulation with beta receptor agonists. Since both beta receptors and cholera toxin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities are present in C6/B104 cocultures, we conclude that the beta receptor/adenylate cyclase transduction mechanism in cocultured C6 cells is uncoupled.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciment, G -- de Vellis, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):765-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/213832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/*metabolism ; *Cell Communication ; Cell Line ; Cholera Toxin/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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    Rabies viruses increase in virulence when propagated in neuroblastoma cell culture (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Several strains of attenuated rabies virus lacking the capacity to kill adult mice acquired a high lethal potential for mice after one to five serial passages in murine or human neuroblastoma cells. The virulence acquired after passage in neuroblastoma cells is a stable genetic trait retained during subsequent passage of viruses in nonneuroblastoma cell systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, H F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1072-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628831" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma/*microbiology ; Neurons/microbiology ; Rabies Vaccines/toxicity ; Rabies virus/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Vaccines, Attenuated/toxicity ; Virus Replication
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    Estrogen-binding sites in endothelial cell cultures (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: The cytosol extracted from a vascular endothelial cell line binds [3H]estradiol with high affinity and a high degree of specificity. In contrast, in experiments performed with cytosol labeled in the intact cell, progesterone and, to a smaller extent, testosterone gave an apparent inhibition of estradiol binding. These data support the concept that ovarian hormones may influence the role of the endothelium in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Colburn, P -- Buonassisi, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):817-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684408" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aorta/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Diethylstilbestrol/metabolism ; Endothelium/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Progesterone/pharmacology ; Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects/*metabolism ; Testosterone/pharmacology
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    Saturnine gout: lead-induced formation of guanine crystals (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Intravenous injection of a sublethal dose of lead acetate into a domestic pig resulted in a 4.5-fold increase of guanine in the urine, indicating an impairment in the conversion of guanine to xanthine. This impairment is probably due to the inhibition of guanine aminohydrolase (guanase), since the activity of this enzyme is inhibited by Pb2+ (the inhibition constant being 3.0 X 10(-6)M). Postmortem histological examination revealed concretions of crystalline material in the epiphyseal plate of the femoral head. Extraction of the section containing the concretions showed that they were guanine. The relation of these findings to saturnine gout is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farkas, W R -- Stanawitz, T -- Schneider, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):786-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Femur Head/pathology ; Gout/chemically induced/*metabolism/pathology ; Guanine/*biosynthesis/urine ; Lead/*adverse effects ; Swine ; Time Factors
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    Thermoregulation is impaired in an environment without circadian time cues (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Squirrel monkeys synchronized to a 24-hour light-dark cycle show a prominent circadian rhythm in body temperature which is regulated against mild environmental cold exposures throughout the 24-hour day. However, cold exposures produce significant decreases in core body temperature when the circadian rhythms of the animal are free-running in the absence of environmental time cues. Effective thermoregulation appears to require the precise internal synchronization of the circadian timekeeping system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuller, C A -- Sulzman, F M -- Moore-Ede, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):794-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/414356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cold Temperature ; Cues ; *Environment ; Environmental Exposure ; Haplorhini ; Homeostasis ; Male ; Saimiri ; Time Factors
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    Trisodium phosphonoformate, a new antiviral compound (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Trisodium phosphonoformate selectively inhibits cell-free DNA polymerase activity induced by herpesvirus. The new inhibitor has an antiviral effect on herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, pseudorables virus, and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in cell culture. It has a good therapeutic activity against cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection in guinea pigs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Helgstrand, E -- Eriksson, B -- Johansson, N G -- Lannero, B -- Larsson, A -- Misiorny, A -- Noren, J O -- Sjoberg, B -- Stenberg, K -- Stening, G -- Stridh, S -- Oberg, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):819-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210500" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use/toxicity ; Cell Line ; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Formates/pharmacology/toxicity ; Guinea Pigs ; Herpesviridae Infections/drug therapy ; *Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors ; Organophosphorus Compounds/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Phosphonoacetic Acid/pharmacology ; Simplexvirus/enzymology
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    Postpartum amenorrhea: how is it affected by maternal nutritional status? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: The average length of postpartum amenorrhea reported by breast-feeding women in rural Bangladesh in 1975 was 18 to 20 months. Its duration was found to be only slightly related to maternal nutritional status. There was no evidence of a threshold of weight for height necessary for the resumption of menses postpartum. Factors related to the duration of postpartum amenorrhea were maternal age, socioeconomic status, and supplemental feeding of the infant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huffman, S L -- Chowdhury, A K -- Mosley, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1155-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*etiology ; Body Water/metabolism ; Body Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Lactation ; Maternal Age ; Menstruation ; Nutrition Disorders/metabolism ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors
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    Biological activity of some oxygenated sterols (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-11
    Description: A group of oxygenated sterols has been identified as potent and specific inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis. The ability of these compounds to inhibit sterol synthesis in cultured cells and the ineffectiveness of cholesterol under the same conditions suggest that feedback regulation of sterol biosynthesis may be brought about by an oxygenated sterol rather than by cholesterol. The nature of the regulatory sterol may vary in different cells with their specific requirements for cholesterol as a structural component or as a precursor of other steroid products. The use of oxygenated sterols to block sterol synthesis in cultured cells provides new information regarding the role of sterol in cell membrane structure and function. For example, de novo sterol synthesis is required for DNA synthesis and cell division by some cultured cells. Studies with cultured cells, and with rats and mice in vivo, suggest that oxygenated sterols could be of value in the treatment of several important human diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kandutsch, A A -- Chen, H W -- Heiniger, H J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):498-501.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663671" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cholesterol/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Feedback ; Humans ; Hydroxycholesterols/*metabolism ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases/metabolism ; Intestines/metabolism ; Ketosteroids/*metabolism ; Liver/metabolism
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    Rebound insomnia: a new clinical syndrome (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: Rebound insomnia followed the withdrawal of three benzodiazepine hypnotic drugs, each of which had been administered in a single nightly dose for only short-term periods. The intense worsening of sleep is attributed to the short duration of the action of these drugs. A hypothesis involving benzodiazepine receptors in the brain is proposed in which there is a delay or lag in replacement of endogenous benzodiazepine-like molecules after the abrupt withdrawal of exogenous drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kales, A -- Scharf, M B -- Kales, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1039-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzodiazepines/*adverse effects/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Flunitrazepam/adverse effects/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/*adverse effects/metabolism ; Nitrazepam/adverse effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/drug effects/metabolism ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/*etiology/metabolism ; *Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/metabolism ; Syndrome ; Time Factors ; Triazolam/adverse effects/metabolism
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    Inhibition of bone formation during space flight (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: Parameters of bone formation and resorption were measured in rats orbited for 19.5 days aboard the Soviet Cosmos 782 biological satellite. The most striking effects were on bone formation. During flight, rats formed significantly less periosteal bone than did control rats on the ground. An arrest line at both the periosteum and the endosteum of flight animals suggest that a complete cessation of bone growth occurred. During a 26-day postflight period, the defect in bone formation was corrected. No significant changes in bone resorption were observed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morey, E R -- Baylink, D J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1138-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/150643" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aerospace Medicine ; Animals ; *Bone Development ; Bone Matrix/physiology ; Bone Resorption ; Male ; Periosteum/physiology ; Rats ; *Space Flight ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Tetracycline ; Tibia/cytology/growth & development/physiology ; Time Factors ; Weightlessness
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    Enhancement of oncogenesis in C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo cell cultures by saccharin (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: Impure and pure samples of saccharin (2 milligrams per milliliter) did not produce oncogenic transformation of C3H/10T1/2, clone 8, mouse embryo fibroblasts. However, after treatment of the cells with a nontransforming initiating dose (0.1 microgram per milliliter) of 3-methylcholanthrene, continuous treatment with either sample of saccharin (100 micrograms per milliliter) led to significant transformation. It is concluded that in this system saccharin is a cocarginogen, probably functioning as a promoting agent that is 1000-fold less active than the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mondal, S -- Brankow, D W -- Heidelberger, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1141-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684434" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Carcinogens ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*chemically induced ; Cocarcinogenesis ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Methylcholanthrene ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Saccharin/*pharmacology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
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    Activity patterns of human skeletal muscles: relation to muscle fiber type composition (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: The muscle activity of normal ambulatory individuals was recorded continuously for 8-hour (working day) periods. Parameters of activity patterns were defined and numerical outcomes for these parameters were compared across a diverse population of muscles. Several pattern parameters, such as the average percentage of time active, were highly correlated with the percentage of type I fibers of a muscle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monster, A W -- Chan, H -- O'Connor, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):314-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Male ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Ammonia intoxication in the near-adult cat as a result of a dietary deficiency of arginine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Near-adult cats, fasted overnight, and given a single meal of a complete amino acid diet without arginine, developed hyperammonemia and showed clinical symptoms of ammonia toxicity within 2 hours. One cat (2.7 kilograms) died 4.5 hours after ingesting only 8 grams of the diet. Since ornithine also prevented hyperammonemia, it appears that the domestic cat cannot synthesize ornithine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Morris, J G -- Rogers, Q R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):431-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619464" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acids/metabolism ; Ammonia/*blood/toxicity ; *Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Animals ; Arginine/*deficiency/metabolism ; Cats/*metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Ornithine/metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Growth inhibition of transformed cells with succinylated concanavalin A (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Succinylated concanavalin A reversibly inhibits the growth of SV40 transformed mouse 3T3 cells and thus causes an accumulation of the cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. In a soft substrate (methylcellulose) succinylated concanavalin A also restores in transformed cells the growth behavior typical of untransformed cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mannino, R J -- Ballmer, K -- Burger, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):824-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210502" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Cell Cycle/*drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*drug effects ; Concanavalin A/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Simian virus 40 ; Succinates
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    Generation of new mouse sarcoma viruses in cell culture (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Endogenous nontumor-producing type C viruses from C3H mice were used to generate rapid, solid tumor-inducing variants in cell culture. The new mouse sarcoma viruses induce undifferentiated sarcomas with a short latency period upon inoculation into newborn NIH Swiss mice. Transforming viruses appear only transiently, at a time when the virus-infected cells show morphologic alterations; both before and after this time, transforming viruses cannot be detected. These results show that variants of endogenous type C virus which contain transforming genes (oncogenes) can arise during spread of the endogenous virus in fibroblast lines in vitro as well as in susceptible tissues in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rapp, U R -- Todaro, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):821-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; *Genes, Viral ; Mice ; Retroviridae/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Sarcoma Viruses, Murine/genetics/pathogenicity ; Sarcoma, Experimental/*microbiology
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    Attenuation of amnesia in rats by systemically administered enkephalins (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: The pentapeptides methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin are both able to reduce experimentally induced amnesia in rats. In contrast to the possible analgesic activity of these peptides, the anti-amnesic effect is seen after systemic administration of dosages of 30 micrograms or lower. The nature of the anti-amnesic effect is different for the two peptides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rigter, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):83-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects ; Carbon Dioxide/antagonists & inhibitors ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Rats ; Time Factors
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    Improving cognitive ability in chronically deprived children (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Beginning at different ages in their preschool years, groups of chronically undernourished children from Colombian families of low socioeconomic status participated in a program of treatment combining nutritional, health care, and educational features. By school age the gap in cognitive ability between the treated children and a group of privileged children in the same city had narrowed, the effect being greater the younger the children were when they entered the treatment program. The gains were still evident at the end of the first grade in primary school, a year after the experiment had ended.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKay, H -- Sinisterra, L -- McKay, A -- Gomez, H -- Lloreda, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):270-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635585" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition/*physiology ; Education ; Environment ; Humans ; Learning Disorders/*prevention & control ; Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy/*physiopathology ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors
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    Potency in male rhesus monkeys: effects of continuously receptive females (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Ejaculations decreased and mount latencies increased when intact males were paired regularly over a 3.5-year period (3180 tests) with ovariectomized females made constantly receptive by daily injections of estradiol. The deterioration in potency was abruptly and completely reversed by substituting a group of new but similarly treated females for the original ones.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, R P -- Zumpe, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):451-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417398" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ejaculation ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Macaca/*physiology ; Macaca mulatta/*physiology ; Male ; Pair Bond ; Periodicity ; Seasons ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Testosterone/blood ; Time Factors
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    Oral cocaine: plasma concentrations and central effects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-04-14
    Description: Cocaine (2.0 milligrams per kilogram) given by the oral route is at least as effective as the same dose given intranasally. Cocaine is not detected in the plasma until 30 minutes after oral administration, but peak plasma concentrations are similar after both routes. The subjective "highs" in man are greater after oral than after intranasal administration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Van Dyke, C -- Jatlow, P -- Ungerer, J -- Barash, P G -- Byck, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 14;200(4338):211-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24895" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Cocaine/*administration & dosage/blood/pharmacology ; Euphoria/drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Time Factors
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    Effects of naloxone on schizophrenia: reduction in hallucinations in a subpopulation of subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Endogenous opiate-like peptides (endorphins) are putative neuroregulators located throughout the mammalian brainstem. There is some evidence for their role in pain, stress, and affect. We report that the opiate antagonist, naloxone, alters some schizophrenic symptoms. In a double-blind, cross-over study, naloxone produced decreases in auditory hallucinations in some schizophrenic patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endorphins may play a roll in modulating hallucinations in a highly selected subgroup of chronically hallucinating schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Berger, P A -- Akil, H -- Mills, M J -- Barchas, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):73-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351804" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Endorphins/physiology ; Hallucinations/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy ; Time Factors
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    Dyskinesias evoked in monkeys by weekly administration of haloperidol (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-05-19
    Description: In two cebus (Cebus albifrons) monkeys given weekly oral doses of 0.25 milligram of haloperidol per kilogram, movement disorders appeared 1 to 8 hours after drug administration following the tenth weekly dose. These disorders included oral movements, peculiar postures, writhing, and stretching. Such reactions faded in intensity after the next two doses. Increasing the dose to 0.5 milligram per kilogram has elicited the disorders reliably after each weekly dose for almost 2 years. Similar reactions also developed in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciurea) treated weekly with haloperidol and in a third cebus monkey previously maintained for a year on a regimen of 0.25 milligram of haloperidol per kilogram on 5 days per week. These findings suggest an experimental model for determining the etiology of drug-induced movement disorders. They also suggest an unrecognized clinical problem.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiss, B -- Santelli, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):799-801.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/417399" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/*etiology ; *Haloperidol/administration & dosage ; Haplorhini ; Time Factors
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    Durations of unitary synaptic potentials help time a behavioral sequence (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-03
    Description: Recordings in identified neurons and muscles that mediate crayfish tailflips reveal inhibitory postsynaptic potentials of two distinct durations. Those of long duration are recorded in five classes of cells in the flexion circuit, while those of short duration are recorded in three classes of cells in the extension circuit. The durations of the inhibitory postsynaptic potentials are matched to the durations of inhibition required by the different phases of the behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wine, J -- Hagiwara, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 3;199(4328):557-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astacoidea/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Escape Reaction/physiology ; Interneurons/physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Movement ; Muscles/*physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; Synaptic Membranes/*physiology ; Time Factors
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    Antibody diversity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-06
    Description: Three important aspects of immunoglobulin gene organization and structure have emerged from studies of cloned immunoglobulin kappa chain genes. (i) Multiple variable genes are encoded separately in the genome of both immunoglobulin-producing and uncommitted (embryonic) cells, thereby establishing the evolutionary base for generating immunoglobulin diversity. (ii) These genes exist as many small, closely related families (subgroups) that share close sequence homology largely within their own subgroup. (iii) Comparison of two cloned variable gene segments derived from a single subgroup reveals a feature of their structure that distinguishes them from fixed genes (that is, globin genes) and provides, through extensive surrounding sequence homology, a large target for intergenic recombination. This last observation suggests that a simple recombination mechanism may account for their genetic instability in both germ line and somatic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seidman, J G -- Leder, A -- Nau, M -- Norman, B -- Leder, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 6;202(4363):11-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/99815" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibody Specificity ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody/*genetics ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Line ; Embryo, Mammalian/immunology ; *Genes ; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region/*genetics ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains/*genetics ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology ; Plasmacytoma/immunology ; Recombination, Genetic
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    Presynaptic alpha-receptor subsensitivity after long-term antidepressant treatment (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: After 3 weeks of twice-daily administration of desipramine to rats, the frequency-response curve for field stimulation of adrenergic neurons in isolated left atrial strips was shifted markedly to the left and the efflux of [3H]norepinephrine was enhanced greatly. After 1 day of treatment, only slight shifts in the frequency-response curve and small increases in [3H]norepinephrine efflux occurred although inhibition of [3H]norepinephrine uptake was already maximal, and phenoxybenzamine caused a further shift to the left in the frequency-response curve similar to that which occurred after 3 weeks of desipramine treatment alone. A gradual decrease in the sensitivity of the presynaptic alpha receptor would explain the delay in the onset of the linical effect of the tricyclic antidepressants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crews, F T -- Smith, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/211589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Desipramine/*pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Phenoxybenzamine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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    Effect of prolonged illumination (phototherapy) on concentrations of luteinizing hormone in human infants (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: Concentrations of luteinizing hormone in the serums of human neonates were altered when the neonates were exposed to prolonged, intense illumination (phototherapy) with their eyes covered. Concentrations decreased after 48 to 72 hours of exposure, increased 6 to 9 days after phototherapy, and subsequently returned to levels similar to those of controls. These data suggest that light may affect pituitary-gonadal function in the human neonate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dacou-Voutetakis, C -- Anagnostakis, D -- Matsaniotis, N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1229-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628840" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Humans ; *Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/blood/*therapy ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; *Phototherapy ; Time Factors ; Vision, Ocular
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  • 71
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    Long-term changes in dopaminergic innervation of caudate nucleus after continuous amphetamine administration (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: Silicone pellets containing d-amphetamine base were implanted subcutaneously in rats. These pellets release amphetamine continuously for at least 10 days. Several days after implantation, swollen dopamine axons concomitant with large decreases in tyrosine hydroxylase activity were observed in the caudate nucleus. Decreased tyrosine hydroxylase activity was still present 110 days after pellet removal in the caudate but not in several other brain regions, nor in the caudate of rats injected with an equivalent amount of amphetamine in daily injections. This implies that continuous amphetamine administration has a selective neurotoxic effect on dopamine terminals in the caudate.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ellison, G -- Eison, M S -- Huberman, H S -- Daniel, F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):276-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26975" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catecholamines/*metabolism ; Caudate Nucleus/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism ; Dextroamphetamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Drug Implants ; Male ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rats ; Time Factors ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/*metabolism
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  • 72
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    Stimulated DNA synthesis in frog nuclei by cytoplasmic extracts of temperature-sensitive mammalian cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Cytoplasmic extracts of proliferating cells stimulate DNA synthesis in isolated nuclei of Xenopus laevis liver. When tested by the same assay, cytoplasmic extracts of resting cells are completely inactive. When cytoplasmic extracts are prepared from cell cycle-specific temperature-sensitive mutants arrestd in the G1 phase of the cell cycle by the nonpermissive temperature, they also fail to stimulate DNA synthesis in frog nuclei. The results indicate that, to stimulate DNA synthesis in isolated frog nuclei, essentially all information of G1 cells must be present.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Floros, J -- Chang, H -- Baserga, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):651-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cell Cycle ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/*metabolism ; Chickens ; Cytoplasm/physiology ; DNA/*biosynthesis ; Liver/ultrastructure ; Mutation ; Temperature ; Xenopus
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  • 73
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    Phagocytosis in the retinal pigment epithelium of the RCS rat (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: The retinal pigment epithelium of RCS rats, previously thought not to phagocytize photoreceptor outer segments, exhibited a peak of phagocytosis in vivo when animals were kept under conditions of cyclic lighting (12 hours of darkness and 12 hours of light). The peak occurred at 1 hour after the onset of light, with maximum and minimum levels of phagocytosis averaging about 5 percent of that found in the pigment epithelium of Osborn-Mendel rats used as a control. Eyecups that were obtained from Osborn-Mendel rats and maintained for up to 3 hours in organ culture demonstrated levels of phagocytosis that were sevenfold greater than those of unincubated controls. Likewise a tenfold increase occurred in incubated as opposed to unicubated RCS eyes, raising the possibility that phagocytosis could be experimentally stimulated in vivo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldman, A I -- O'Brien, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1023-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/567376" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Count ; Circadian Rhythm ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Phagocytes/ultrastructure ; *Phagocytosis ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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  • 74
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    Pattern formation by cultured human epidermal cells: development of curved ridges resembling dermatoglyphs (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: In cultures made from disaggregated human epidermal cells, growth to a confluent cell layer is followed by the emergence of patterns resembling those of human dermatoglyphs. These patterns reflect intrinsic properties of kertinocytes. In vivo, only the epidermis of the volar surfaces forms patterns, but in culture, patterns are formed by epidermal cells from other sites as well. Patterns develop by a process of cell movement which first produces ridges and then curves the ridges into figures of increasing complexity, ultimately whorls.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Green, H -- Thomas, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1385-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663617" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Cells, Cultured ; *Dermatoglyphics ; Embryonic Induction ; Epidermis/*cytology ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Humans ; Time Factors
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    Iconic storage: the role of rods (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-08-11
    Description: The hypothesis that rods mediate iconic storage was tested by presenting letters of one color against a field of another. The colors were chosen to be discriminable only by the cones, only by the rods, or both. Under dark adaptation, the rods had little if any effect on partial-report advantage; however, they were important in determining the phenomenal persistence of the stimulus. Under light adaptation, the rods played no apparent role in either type of persistence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Adelson, E H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):544-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Afterimage/*physiology ; Color Perception/physiology ; Dark Adaptation ; Form Perception/physiology ; Humans ; Memory, Short-Term/*physiology ; Photoreceptor Cells/*physiology ; Time Factors
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  • 76
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    Primate infant's effects on mother's future reproduction (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: Female savanna baboons (Papio cynocephalus) had a longer postpartum amenorrhea and thereafter cycled longer before conceiving if their previous infant survived than if that infant died. Among mothers of surviving infants, differences in maternal care produced differences in age of weaning and age of independence but did not result in differences in interbirth intervals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altmann, J -- Altmann, S A -- Hausfater, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1028-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/98844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea ; Animals ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Maternal Behavior ; Papio/*physiology ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; *Reproduction ; Time Factors ; Weaning
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  • 77
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    Child spacing and birth order: effect on intellectual ability in two-child families (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-01
    Description: The effect on intellectual ability of the spacing of the birth of siblings was studied in two series of young men from two-child families: (i) 535 pairs of brothers and (ii) 1511 unrelated firstborn and secondborn. Birth-order effect and level of ability were not influenced by length of interval between firstborn and secondborn.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belmont, L -- Stein, Z -- Zybert, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 1;202(4371):995-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/568823" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Birth Order ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; *Intelligence ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors
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    Magnetic microspheres prepared by redox polymerization used in a cell separation based on gangliosides (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-02
    Description: A facile method is described for making magnetic microspheres that bind specifically to cell surfaces, in order to separate cells magnetophoretically. Control over the sizes of the spheres is effected by using their magnetic cores as part of a redox polymerization system. The use of the microspheres is demonstrated with a separation involving C-1300 neuroblastoma cells, 10% of which express the ganglioside GM1 in their membranes. The GM1-containing cells were separated with better than 99% purity, while the deficient cells were obtained at least 98% pure. The separation, which was carried out under sterile conditions, required only 6 minutes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kronick, P L -- Campbell, G L -- Joseph, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1074-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Separation/*methods ; *Gangliosides ; Magnetics ; Microspheres ; Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology ; Neuroblastoma/pathology ; Oxidation-Reduction
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  • 79
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    Selective depression of serum growth hormone during maternal deprivation in rat pups (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: Maternal deprivation was associated with a decline in immunoreactive growth hormone in the serum of rat pups. Pups that were returned to the mother showed a rapid reversal in this deprivation-induced decrease. The change in growth hormone concentration was not accompanied by changes in the concentrations of prolactin, thyrotropin, or corticosterone in the serum, but were correlated with alteration in the activity of ornithine decarboxylase in the brain. Treatment of neonatal rat pups with cyprohepatadine, a serotonin antagonist that suppresses growth hormone secretion, resulted in a significant decline in both serum growth hormone concentration and brain ornithine decarboxylase activity. These findings suggest that maternal deprivation elicits a specific suppression of growth hormone release which mediates the decrease in ornithine decarboxylase activity. The study is consistent with clinical findings of impaired growth hormone "responsitivity" in human maternal deprivation syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuhn, C M -- Butler, S R -- Schanberg, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1034-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684424" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Brain/drug effects/enzymology ; Cyproheptadine/pharmacology ; Growth Hormone/*blood ; *Maternal Deprivation ; Ornithine Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Prolactin/blood ; Rats ; Time Factors
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  • 80
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    Regulatory role of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate in adrenocorticotropin hormone-induced steroidogenesis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-20
    Description: The relation between steroidogenesis induced by adrenocorticotropic hormone and the concentrations of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) was studied at different time intervals in isolated adrenal cells. Submaximal and supramaximal steroidogenic concentrations of the hormone did not cause detectable changes in cyclic AMP during the first 30 minutes, whereas there was an increase in the concentration of cyclic GMP that was accompanied by phosphorylation and steroidogenesis. It is therefore suggested that cyclic GMP, rather than cyclic AMP, is the physiological mediator of adrenocorticotropic hormone-induced adrenal steroidogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perchellet, J P -- Shanker, G -- Sharma, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 20;199(4326):311-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/202028" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adrenal Glands/*metabolism ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*pharmacology ; Corticosterone/*biosynthesis ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Cyclic GMP/*metabolism ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Time Factors
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    Long-term treatment with lithium prevents the development of dopamine receptor supersensitivity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Long-term treatment of rats with haloperidol produced an increased sensitivity to the locomotor and stereotypic effect of apomorphine. This behavioral dopaminergic supersensitivity was accompanied by increased binding of [3H] spiroperidol in the striatum. Rats treated concurrently with lithium and haloperidol failed to develop both behavioral sensitivity to apomorphine and increased striatal dopamine receptor binding. The ability of lighium to prevent recurrent manicdepressive episodes may be related, in part, to its ability to stabilize dopaminergic receptor sensitivity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pert, A -- Rosenblatt, J E -- Sivit, C -- Pert, C B -- Bunney, W E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):171-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/566468" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Haloperidol/pharmacology ; Humans ; Lithium/*pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/*drug effects/metabolism ; Spiperone/metabolism ; Stereotyped Behavior/drug effects ; Time Factors
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  • 82
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    Supplemental lighting stimulates growth and lactation in cattle (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: Sixteen hours of light daily (114 to 207 lux) increased weight gains and milk yield 10 to 15% in Holstein cattle in comparison with cattle exposed to natural-length photoperiods (39 to 93 lux) of 9 to 12 hours. The weight gain was accomplished without increased consumption of feed. Manipulation of supplemental light may thus cause dramatic increases in food supplies from animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peters, R R -- Chapin, L T -- Leining, K B -- Tucker, H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):911-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622576" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle/*growth & development ; Female ; *Lactation ; *Lighting ; Pregnancy ; Temperature ; Time Factors
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  • 83
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    Histamine H1 receptor-mediated guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate formation by cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Incubation of cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells with histamine caused a rapid and marked increase in the formation of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) by these cells. Receptor agonists for H1, but not H2, caused this effect which was reduced by H1 but not by H2 or muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists. These results indicate that activation of H1 receptors in these cultured nerve cells stimulated cyclic GMP formation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richelson, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):69-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/pharmacology ; Carbachol/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cyclic GMP/*metabolism ; Histamine/*pharmacology ; Histamine H1 Antagonists/pharmacology ; Mice ; Neuroblastoma ; Neurons/*drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Histamine/*drug effects ; Receptors, Histamine H1/*drug effects
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  • 84
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    Myosin: immunofluorescent localization in neuronal and glial cultures (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: The distribution of intracellular myosin was studied by the double antibody immunofluorescence method in primary organotypic neuronal cultures and two established neuronal and glial cell lines. An array of parallel filaments aligned with the major cellular axis and a three-dimensional subsurface network were shown to react with two different myosin antibodies. The presence of myosin-rich filaments in regions known to contain actin filaments suggests that these proteins interact to generate the motive force in nonmuscle contractile systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roisen, F -- Inczedy-Marcsek, M -- Hsu, L -- Yorke, W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1445-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/343252" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cytoplasm/ultrastructure ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Ganglia, Spinal/cytology ; Myosins/*metabolism ; Neuroglia/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Neurons/*metabolism/ultrastructure
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  • 85
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    Highly reiterated sequences of SIMIANSIMIANSIMIANSIMIANSIMIAN (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: A 172-base pair segment of DNA that is repeated several million times in the genome of the African green monkey has been characterized. Sequence analysis revealed that the many repeats of this complex unit are not all identical but represent a set of closely related segments: Sequence divergence occurs at various positions in the segment in a nonrandom manner. The uncloned segment obtained from monkey DNA is compared with a cloned segment of the same DNA which was recombined into the genome of simian virus 40 during permissive infection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenberg, H -- Singer, M -- Rosenberg, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):394-402.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/205944" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Line ; Cercopithecus/*genetics ; Cercopithecus aethiops/*genetics ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; DNA, Recombinant ; Haplorhini ; Molecular Weight ; Recombination, Genetic ; Simian virus 40/genetics
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  • 86
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    Human breast cancer: androgen action mediated by estrogen receptor (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Growth of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is enhanced by androgens, but only at pharmacological concentrations. Although physiological concentrations of androgens translocate the androgen receptor into the nucleus, no mitogenic effects are observed. By contrast, pharmacological androgens translocate not only the androgen receptor but also the estrogen receptor, and at these high doses significantly increase both DNA and estrogen-dependent protein synthesis. We therefore propose that androgens stimulate MCF-7 cell growth not through the androgen receptor but rather through the estrogen receptor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zava, D T -- McGuire, W L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):787-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androgens/*pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/drug effects/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/drug effects/metabolism ; Dihydrotestosterone/pharmacology ; Humans ; Receptors, Androgen/drug effects ; Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects/*physiology ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid/drug effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone/drug effects/metabolism ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Translocation, Genetic
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 87
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    Tumor promoters inhibit morphological differentiation in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: When added to mouse neuroblastoma cultures, the potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibits spontaneous neurite formation as well as that induced in response to serum deprivation, prostaglandin E1, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, and papaverine. Other tumor-promoting macrocyclic plant diterpenes also inhibit neurite formation, whereas nonpromoting diterpenes do not. Inhibition by TPA was reversible and was unrelated to toxicity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ishii, D N -- Fibach, E -- Yamasaki, H -- Weinstein, I B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):556-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bromodeoxyuridine/antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Diterpenes/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Neuroblastoma/pathology ; Neurons/*cytology ; Papaverine/antagonists & inhibitors ; Phorbols/*pharmacology ; Prostaglandins E/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 88
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    Human flicker sensitivity: two stages of retinal diffusion (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-24
    Description: A well-known solution of the diffusion equation gives an exponential square-root function as the frequency response for a one-dimensional diffusion or transmission process. When two or more such processes are cascaded, the result is still an exponential square-root characteristic, but with a longer time constant. This seems to explain why flicker thresholds obey the Kelly-Veringa diffusion model at high frequencies, even though the psychophysically inferred diffusion process is much slower than the first stage of visual transduction measured by, for example, late receptor potentials. Two such stages in tandem are sufficient to account for the psychophysical data, because the psychophysical time constant is proportional to the square of the number of stages involved. In addition, the nonlinear behavior of flicker thresholds under intense light adaptation can be explained if the loss factor in the first stage is proportional to the amount of the photopigment bleached. Apparently the flicker thresholds are governed by first- and second-order retinal neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelly, D H -- Wilson, H R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 24;202(4370):896-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Diffusion ; Flicker Fusion/*physiology ; Humans ; Light ; Models, Biological ; Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Retina/*physiology ; Retinal Pigments/physiology ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 89
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    Chick embryonic skin as a rapid organ culture assay for cellular neoplasia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: We used chick embryonic skin (CES) in organ culture to assess the neoplastic potential of a variety of cultured human and nonhuman cell lines. Cells derived from cancer tissues grew in CES and formed tumors in nude mice while cells derived from normal tissues grew in neither system. The CES proved to be more sensitive than the nude mouse when used to assay SV40 transformed human cells; each of four such lines grew in CES while only one of the four lines grew and formed tumors in nude mice. In addition, the patterns of invasion by inoculated cells can be easily studied in the CES. These results suggest that CES in organ culture offers an inexpensive, rapid, and reliable alternative to the nude mouse as a tumorigenicity test.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Noguchi, P D -- Johnson, J B -- O'Donnell, R -- Petricciani, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):980-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/203036" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; *Chick Embryo/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mitosis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasms/*metabolism/pathology ; *Organ Culture Techniques ; Simian virus 40 ; Skin/*embryology/metabolism/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 90
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    Histidine transfer RNA levels in Friend leukemia cells: stimulation by histidine deprivation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-11
    Description: Friend leukemia cells incubated with sublethal concentrations of histidinol for 5 to 6 days show up to twofold increases in their relative concentrations of histidine transfer RNA and no change in the relative concentrations of leucine transfer RNA. A similar effect is seen when cells are grown to stationary phase in the presence of 0.2 times the amount of histidine in Eagle's minimum essential medium. These observations support the theory that the concentrations of specific transfer RNA's are regulated by a mechanism that is sensitive to the extent of their aminoacylation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Litt, M -- Weiser, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 11;201(4355):527-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/248241" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Histidine/metabolism ; Histidine-tRNA Ligase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Histidinol/pharmacology ; Leucine/metabolism ; RNA, Transfer/*metabolism ; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/*metabolism
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  • 91
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    Perfusion preservation of hearts for 6 to 9 days at room temperature (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-20
    Description: The combination of a defined medium with single-pass perfusion has made possible long-term maintenance of beating rat hearts at 22 degrees C in vitro. The 6- to 9-day survival period appears to be the longest so far reported for hearts. This method provides a stable system which should be useful for investigating the role of single factors in myocardial preservation and evaluating the effects of exposure to pharmacological and toxicological agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Linask, J -- Votta, J -- Willis, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 20;199(4326):299-301.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619456" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Culture Media ; *Heart ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocardium/pathology ; Organ Preservation/*methods ; Perfusion ; Rats ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Tissue Preservation/*methods
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  • 92
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    Eye movements of monkeys during learning-set formation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Eye movements of stump-tailed monkeys were measured during learning of a long series of two-choice pattern discrimination problems. The amount of scanning per trial (shifts in visual fixation from one pattern to the other) and the duration of individual fixations on the patterns increased during the course of learning-set formation and (except for the amount of scanning by some animals) remained high during the prolonged training following learning-set formation. Some of the changes in eye movements were different from those seen during the learning of single discrimination problems, a difference that possibly reflects cognitive processes specific to the learning-set task.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schrier, A M -- Povar, M L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1362-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415365" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Discrimination Learning/*physiology ; *Eye Movements ; Haplorhini ; Macaca ; Time Factors
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  • 93
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    Regulation of macrophage tumoricidal function: a role for prostaglandins of the E series (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Exogenously added prostaglandins E1 and E2, but not F2alpha, inhibited the tumoricidal activity of interferon-activated macrophages of mice. A role for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in modulating macrophage functional activity was suggested because prostaglandins of the E series increase intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP in macrophages and because treatment of interferon-activated macrophages with dibutyryl cyclic AMP consistently inhibits expression of cytotoxicity. Since the activated macrophage releases high concentrations of prostaglandin E2, it is postulated that this prostaglandin could act locally in negative feedback inhibition to limit cell activities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schultz, R M -- Pavlidis, N A -- Stylos, W A -- Chirigos, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):320-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694537" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects ; Immunity, Cellular/*drug effects ; Interferons/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Macrophages/*immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*immunology ; Nucleotides, Cyclic/pharmacology ; Prostaglandins E/*pharmacology ; Prostaglandins F/pharmacology
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  • 94
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    L-Dopa methyl ester: prolongation of survival of neuroblastoma-bearing mice after treatment (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: L-Dopa has has been shown to demonstrate enhanced toxicity toward melanoma cells in vitro. Since melanocytes arise from the neural crest embryologically, the effect of L-dopa methyl ester, a soluble analog, on the murine C1300 neuroblastoma was studied. There was significant antitumor activity against the neuroblastoma, which was enhanced by combination with a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, Ro4-4602. In vitro studies suggested inhibition of DNA synthesis as the principal site of action. A mechanism involving sulfhydryl compound scavenging is postulated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wick, M M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):775-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622565" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benserazide/pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Drug Synergism ; Leucine/metabolism ; Levodopa/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Male ; Mice ; Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy/metabolism ; Neuroblastoma/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Thymidine/metabolism ; Uridine/metabolism
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  • 95
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    Saccharin-induced sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster and human cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: Since the induction of sister chromatid exchanges in cultured cells has been shown to be the most sensitive mammalian system to detect the effects of mutagenic carcinogens, Chinese hamster ovary cells and human lymphocytes were exposed to the sodium saccharin found to induce bladder cancer in rats. Both that saccharin and a highly purified extract of it increased the yield of sister chromatid exchanges in both types of cells. The results, which were repeatable and statistically highly significant, indicated that the weak carcinogen, saccharin, is also mutagenic in the sense that it induces cytogenetic changes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolff, S -- Rodin, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):543-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644315" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Chromatids/*drug effects ; Crossing Over, Genetic/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; HeLa Cells ; Saccharin/*pharmacology
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  • 96
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    Production of antibody to tetanus toxoid by continuous human lymphoblastoid cell lines (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: Peripheral lymphocytes from human volunteers boosted with tetanus toxoid were cultured after in vitro infection with Epstein-Barr virus. Forty-four continuous lymphoblastoid lines were established which continued to secrete human gamma globulin; seven of these secreted antibody to tetanus toxoid. Subcultures derived from limiting dilution experiments continued to secrete the antibody. Some of these antibody-secreting cells have been in continuous culture for more than 6 months.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zurawski, V R Jr -- Haber, E -- Black, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1439-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204013" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibody Formation ; Antibody Specificity ; Cell Line ; Clone Cells/immunology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Histological Techniques ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; *Tetanus Antitoxin ; *Tetanus Toxoid
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  • 97
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    Drosophila egg chambers develop to mature eggs when cultured in vivo (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: Egg chambers were injected into the abdomen of adult Drosophila. When cultured in this manner, even the earliest detectable developmental stage developed into fully mature eggs. Both isolated egg chambers and those still associated with ovarian structures developed equally well. Maturation occurred within host flies of both sexes in the absence of any hormone treatment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Srdic, Z -- Jacobs-Lorena, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):641-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/100884" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Drosophila melanogaster/anatomy & histology ; Female ; Male ; Oocytes/cytology ; *Oogenesis ; Organ Culture Techniques ; Ovary/*physiology/transplantation ; Time Factors ; Transplantation, Homologous
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  • 98
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    Immunofluorescent detection of nuclear double-stranded RNA in situ in Vero and mosquito cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was detected in situ by indirect immunofluorescence with antibodies to dsRNA. It was seen in nuclei of Vero and Aedes albopictus cells, but not in BHK cells, KB cells, chick embryo fibroblasts, or HeLa cells. Reactive dsRNA was present in the nucleoplasm, but not in nucleoli or cytoplasm. Extracted RNA from the whole cell contained from 0.08 percent (BHK) to 0.46 percent (HeLa) dsRNA, as estimated by serological methods. This dsRNA, found in molecules having the size distribution of heterogeneous nuclear RNA, did not renature rapidly after denaturation. The quantity of dsRNA in total extracted RNA did not correlate with the presence or absence of nuclear staining in situ.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stollar, B D -- Koo, R -- Stollar, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1381-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26972" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cell Nucleolus/analysis ; Cell Nucleus/*analysis ; Culicidae ; Cytoplasm/analysis ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA/*analysis
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  • 99
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    Toxic gases from fires (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: The major lethal factors in uncontrolled fires are toxic gases, heat, and oxygen deficiency. The predominant toxic gas is carbon monoxide, which is readily generated from the combusion of wood and other cellulosic materials. Increasing use of a variety of synthetic polymers has stimulated interest in screening tests to evaluated the toxicity of polymeric materials when thermally decomposed. As yet, this country lacks a standardized fire toxicity test protocol.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Terrill, J B -- Montgomery, R R -- Reinhardt, C F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1343-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anoxia/mortality ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/etiology/mortality ; *Fires ; Forecasting ; Gases/*toxicity ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrochloric Acid/toxicity ; Hydrogen Cyanide/toxicity ; Physical Exertion ; Safety ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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