ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (12,312)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (12,312)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (12,312)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1980-1984  (12,312)
  • 1935-1939
  • Chemistry and Pharmacology  (12,312)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1-13 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The influence of hydroxyl modifiers on the properties of Diels-Alder adducts-terpene hydrocarbons with maleic anhydride - was studied. The mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties of the composition of Epidian 5 epoxy resin hardened with an adduct modified by ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerin, or hexanetriol are described.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 41-49 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Helium gas plasma treatment of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) yields much lower peel strength than oxidative treatment using chromic acid and oxygen gas plasma. The practical adhesion, the bondability retention, and the bond durability of oxidatively treated LDPE sheets, bonded with epoxy adhesives, have been compared with those of partially hydrolyzed LDPE-methyl acrylate surface grafts. The oxidized surfaces easily lose the bondability by light rubbing with tissue paper, solvent extraction, heat aging, and artifical weathering, whereas the grafted surfaces retain the bondability. The bondability loss is due to removal of the oxidized layer, and the bondability retention is due to retention of the surface homopolymer layer. Conventional antioxidants stabilize the grafted but not the oxidized surfaces against thermal oxidative degradation. The grafted LDPE joints have much higher bond durability in humid environments than those of the oxidized LDPE joints. The dry and wet peel strengths of oxidized LDPE joints are greatly improved by application of primers consisting of a base epoxy resin and organic solvents. An adhesion mechanism involving penetration of epoxy adhesives into the oxidized layers and subsequent reinforcement of the layers by curing of the penetrated epoxy is proposed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Glow discharge initiation of in situ polymerization of acrylic acid and other vinyl monomers incorporated in PET films was investigatigated. The influence of glow discharge conditions such as the gas used, plasma power, discharge current, and plasma treatment time on polymerization yield was determined. Though glow discharge effects are limited to the film surface, in situ polymerization of the vinyl monomers took place and the vinyl polymer could be found all through the film cross section. At short plasma treatment time only surface modification took place, while at longer treatment time bulk modification occurred, too. Good polymerization yields were obtained. Gel effect behavior was observed. Mechanical properties of the modified PET film were not changed, while the contact angle with water improved when polar vinyl monomers were used.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The kinetic and thermodynamic constants of the hydrolytic polymerization of ∂-caprolactam were determined by least-squares curve fitting. The calculations were carried out using observed kinetic data such as concentration of ∂-caprolactam ([CL]), endgroup ([EG]), and ∂-aminocaproic acid ([ACA]) and time derivatives of each concentration (rates) ∂[CL]/∂t, ∂[EG]/∂t, and ∂[ACA]/∂t. The sets of the converged constants are obtained for the initial water concentrations of 0.42, 0.82, and 1.18 mole/kg. An averaged set of the constants applicable for this range of the initial composition was also evaluated. The compatibility between observed and calculated concentration and rate curves was improved by the use of the newly developed sets of the constants. The mechanism of the polycondensation reaction is also discussed, based on the rate and kinetic constants obtained by this work.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 139-147 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Low-density polyethylene was blended in various proportions with an ethylene/propylene/1,4-hexadiene copolymer having an ethylene/propylene mole ratio of 4.5 and a low level of crystallinity. The DSC melting peak of polyethylene was decreased, the unit cell was expanded, and the spherulitic development was disturbed. The temperature of a dynamic mechanical loss peak varied smoothly with composition between the Tg of the copolymer and the β-relaxation of the polyethylene, but the glass temperature of the copolymer measured by DSC was unchanged. These effects were all diminished when the ethylene/propylene ratio of the copolymer was reduced. Blends with highdensity polyethylene showed little depression of the melting point or change in crystal structure and much less effect on the dynamic mechanical behavior. However, the behavior of copolymers of ethylene with low levels of vinyl acetate or methyl methacrylate was similar to that of low-density polyethylene. Therefore, the ability to cocrystallize is an important factor for limiting the tendency of nonpolar polymers to separate, thereby facilitating the preparation of blends with desirable combinations of properties.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 211-222 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Poly-1H,1H-pentadecafuorooctyl methacrylate is a barrier compound used to prevent silicone oil from creeping to relay contacts. It is essentially a methyl methacrylate polymer with a fluorocarbon side chain substituted for one of the methyl hydrogens. It is applied by dipping the part into a solution, with Freon TF as the solvent and the fluorocarbon polymer as the solute. This work considers the spatial distribution of the resulting film of barrier compound when it is deposited in this manner. The specific variables considered are concentration and withdrawal velocity. The samples were withdrawn from the solution with velocity perpendicular to the surface, and we show that the macrosopic uniformity and thickness of the film is dependent on this velocity. There exists a critical velocity (dependent on concentration) above which the film is nonuniform and below which the film is macroscopically uniform. Below the critical velocity, the thickness varies with velocity with approximately a v2/3 dependence. The critical velocity is about 13 mm/sec for a concentration of 0.2%. For macroscopically uniform films, a microscopic nonunitormity exists with a coverage of about 1/4 for an average film thickness of 90 Å.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and derivative thermal gravimetric analysis were utilized to characterize the thermal interactions between cellulose, 1-6, anhydro β-D-glucopyranoside, and D-glucose and model phosphate and phosphoramide flame retardants. The phosphoramides induced higher char yields than the phosphates during the pyrolysis of the mixtures of carbohydrates and organophosphorus compounds. Exothermic reactions attributed to phosphorylation and char formation were observed with each of the phosphoramide/carbohydrate mixtures and were absent with the phosphates. The individual phosphorus compounds studied showed similar thermal behavior with each of the carbohydrates indicating that the mode of interaction for these mixtures was similar. Isothermal gravimetric analysis of the organophosphorus/carbohydrate mixtures was used to measure the rate of decomposition weight loss from isothermal conditions. This weight loss was used as an indication of rate of fuel formation. The kinetics observed for these measurements indicated that the phosphoramide mixtures underwent a rapid weight loss to a final char with an effective Eact of about 55 kcal/mol while the phosphate mixtures exhibited effective Eact′s for decomposition lower than those observed for the pure carbohydrates. Mixtures of glucose with selcted arylphosphoramide esters were pyrolysed in order to determine the effect of lability of the leaving group on char formation. Gas chromatographic analysis of the pyrolysis products indicated that phenol was the favored leaving group in comparison with aniline units, but char promotion appeared to be dependent on the number of P-N bonds present in the original phosphoramide. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis indicated that chemically similar chars were obtained from the different organophosphorus/carbohydrate combinations.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 315-321 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fibers of poly(1,4-phenylene-1,3,4-oxadiazole) have been prepared by dry jet-wet spinning sulfuric acid solutions of the polymer. Polymer was prepared by polymerizing terephthalic acid and hydrazine dihydrochloride in 30% fuming sulfuric acid and directly spinning the resulting solution. Dry jet-wet spinning allows greater flexibility in conditions than does wet spinning in that spinneret temperature and coagulation bath temperature are independent of one another. Therefore, coagulation may be at temperatures well below those needed at the spinneret to maintain a flowing, extrudable solution. Another common advantage of dry jet-wet spinning is application of draw to the extruded fiber before coagulation, but in this system, drawing the fiber before coagulation was shown to be a disadvantage. Fiber properties were maximized by spinning with a spinneret temperature of 58-73°C into a coagulation bath at 3-4°C and with an air gap of 1/4 in. Water as a coagulation medium allowed operation at speeds up to 40 m/min, while with 50% sulfuric acid less than half that speed was reached. Application of draw ratios of 3/1 on the coagulated but still swollen fiber combined with high-temperature treatments at low draw ratios (1.05/l) gave maximum fiber properties-tenacity 6 g/denier, elongation 20-25%, and modulus 200-240 g/denier.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 627-633 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of temperature (100°C) and heating time (up to 384 hr) on the physicochemical properties of high molecular weight (M̄p ≅ 4 × 106) partly hydrolyzed (τ ≅ 31%) polyacrylamide (HPAM-25) solutions with initial pH values near 4 and 7, respectively, is reported. Potentiometric and spectroscopy data indicate that upon heating the solutions for 16 days the extent of hydrolysis is increased up to around 90%. The viscosity behavior, especially in the presence of bivalent salt (CaCl2), can be explained by taking such an increase in hydrolysis into consideration. From light scattering data, it is shown that the conformational changes are not correlated with molecular weight degradation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 653-663 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Samples of general-purpose polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) were melt blended in a special mixer-extruder over the complete range of compositions from 100% polystyrene to 100% poly(methyl methacrylate). The blends were characterized for their melt rheological characteristics in a melt elasticity tester which measured their stress-strain behavior and strain recovery characteristics as a function of time. In addition, the blends were processed through a laboratory fiber spinning apparatus wherein the spinline tension was measured. Large maxima in the amount of recoverable strain, in the time for the strain recovery to finish, and in the melt tension were observed at a weight percent composition of 40% polystyrene and 60% poly(methyl methacrylate). The melt stress-strain curves showed double yield points at certain compositions. The results are discussed in terms of a model consisting of two interpenetrating continuous phases.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 703-710 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new model is given to account for the pyroelectric effect in poly(vindylidene fluoride). Hopping of trapped charge carriers over the potential barrier and the existence of a trapped charge gradient are assumed. Exponential dependence of pyroelectric current gives an activation energy of the order of 0.65 eV and is explained on the basis of new theory. Pyroelectric current of 10-9 to 10-10 A has been found in solvent-cast PVDF films.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 717-729 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Diffusion of organic solvents into glassy polymers often results in a phase transformation of the hard, solid polymer into a swollen, rubbery material. During the sorption, internal stresses exist in the swollen and glassy parts of the polymer and are thought to contribute significantly to the “anomalous” diffusion observed in many penetrant-polymer systems. In this investigation, isothermal sorption data for the methanol-poly(methyl methacrylate) system have been obtained on plates ranging in thickness from 1/32 to ¼ in. The results show features characteristic of both a strain-dependent diffusion coefficient and of a stress gradient contribution to the mass flux. An attempt to reproduce these results by combining a strain-dependent diffusion coefficient model with a stress-induced contribution to the flux is presented.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 783-794 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto a soluble wool keratin derivative was studied with the reduced and carboxymethylated low-sulfur protein fraction from wool. Copolymerization was carried out under a variety of conditions with a redox system of (NH4)2S2O8-Na2SO3 in 60% (w/w) aqueous ZnCl2 solution at 10°C. Monomer conversions higher than 90% were obtained by the stepwise addition of initiator. The graft products were successfully separated into grafted copolymer and homopolyacrylonitrile (PAN) by fractional precipitation or solvent extraction with DMF. Grafted PAN were isolated by acid hydrolysis of the keratin backbone. Characterization of grafted and homo-PAN was carried out by IR spectroscopy, amino acid endgroup analysis, and viscometry. On the basis of the results, effects of polymerization conditions on grafting parameters were discussed. Membranes were prepared from 60% aqueous ZnCl2 solution by using ice-cold water as the regenerating medium. All the membranes formed from the graft products were transparent. Observation by scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface consisted of rather spherical keratin domains regularly distributed in the PAN matrix. Selective hydrolysis of the keratin domains allowed a new type of porous PAN membrane to be obtained, with the inner walls of the pores being charged with amino acid residues attached to PAN chains as the endgroup.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 635-640 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The lateral order factor of four Indian varieties of silk, viz., Mulberry, Tasar, Eri, and Muga, were determined by electron diffraction technique and compared with that determined by x-ray diffraction. The profiles of the 002 and 201 reflections in Mulberry were better resolved by the electron diffraction technique.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 665-682 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The network segment density (γg) by solvent-swollen compression modulus of gum stocks and of stocks containing nonreinforcing fillers was calculated to be 6.6093 × 10-9h0Sf/φBd2 in mmole/m3 of gel at 25°C, where h0 is the height of the unswollen sample in cm, S is the slope of the height versus applied weight curve in g per mil (0.001 in.), φB is the volume fraction of binder, d is the diameter of the initial sample in cm, and f is a factor equal to (1- φs/φB)1/3/(1- φS)2/3, where φS is the volume fraction of extract. The volume fraction of crosslinked polymer containing nonreinforcing fillers at equilibrium in a solvent (V2) was determined for the cases where the filler is insoluble and partially adheres to the binder, where the filler is partially solube and there is no binder-filler adhesion, and where the filler is completely soluble in the swelling solvent. The relations were tested and found to hold for polyester-polyurethane stocks containing plasticizer and soluble and insoluble fillers. Log V2 fell on single straight-line curves with respect to log γg for gum stocks and filled stocks both when V2 was measured in solvents which dissolved none or dissolved part of the fillers.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 855-867 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Random block copolymers of tetramethylene terephthalate and polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) were prepared by melt polycondensation. Five different molecular weights of PTHF were used in the polymerizations with up to 30% by weight incorporation. The copolymers so obtained were characterized in terms of their molecular weight by means of endgroup analysis and solution viscometry. Compositions were established by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical methods. Melting and glass transition temperatures are discussed in terms of the structural differences, particularly the effect of polyether composition and block size on chain flexibility.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 921-932 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Four Indian varieties of silk viz., Mulberry, Tasar, Eri, and Muga, have been investigated by x-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The hydrolysis for Mulberry was carried out using 6N HCI at 40°C, whereas the other wild varieties of silk were hydrolyzed partially using 8N HCI at 40°C. The x-ray order factor, IR crystallinity index, and crystallite size have been determined for control, 48-hr hydrolysates, and (48 + 48)-hr hydrolysates. The lateral order improvement need not be associated with selective dissolution of amorphous region. This was further varified by short duration hydrolysis. A sort of recrystallization process could be attributed to order improvement. The results are discussed to understand the fine structure of the crystalline region of the fibroin.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1039-1048 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Resorcinol has been generated in situ by high levels of sulfitation of the tannin extract of the black wattle tree (Acacia mearnsii, formely mollissima). Consequently, weather and boil-proof tannin-based cold-setting adhesives for wood, satisfying the requirements of international standards, have been prepared and optimized by halving the amount of resorcinol chemical added to the tannin. Sulfitation afforded also considerable improvement of the “drying out” time characteristics of these adhesives.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 879-886 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The values of the permeability coefficient P (cm2/sec) and the diffusion coefficient D (cm2/sec), of oxygen in some water-soluble polymers at various values of relative humidity were determined. The amount of oxygen initially present in the polymer membranes was calculated. The effect of sample preparation and the film thickness on the transport parameters was investigated. The results confirm the possible effect of thickness on the rate of transport of oxygen in water-soluble polymers.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1105-1116 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Oxygen permeation studies on polyurethane (PU)/polyepoxide (EP) interpenetrating polymer networks show that the increased crosslinking density owing to additional permanent chain entanglement (resulting from interpenetration) can decrease the coefficients of permeation, diffusion, and oxygen solubility. At 20% PU, at which the crosslinking density is maximum, these coefficients retain minimum values, while the tensile strength retains a maximum value.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 951-953 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 967-970 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1381-1390 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Cold-drawn and hot-drawn samples of poly(ethylene terephthalate) were studied by means of measurements of shrinkage stress, birefringence and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The values of shrinkage stress were comparable for both types of sample, implying that the deformation of a molecular network is important for both cold drawing and hot drawing. The DSC results indicate that substantial crystallization occurs in hot drawing for other than the lowest draw ratios, and this crystallization gives rise to an additional peak in the shrinkage stress measurements. In addition to temperature, strain rate is also an important variable, and changes in strain rate caused significant changes in both hot-drawn and cold-drawn samples.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1407-1417 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Discoloration such as zinc burning was observed in aged poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounded with synergetic soaps. This discoloration was caused by excessive formation of cool color-producing π complexes formed between double bonds in polyene chain and zinc chloride or cadmium chloride produced from the corresponding metal soap. The appearance of excessive color of the π complexes was reduced by adding some masking agents into PVC admixed with synergetic soaps. In the present study differences in masking effects results by adding solid or an aqueous solution of aminopoly-carboxylates such as glycine, ethylenediaminetetraacetates, and nitrilotriacetates to PVC stabilized with zinc stearate/calcium stearate synergetic soap. The mechanism of synergetic effect between nitrogen-containing agents and synergetic soaps upon the stabilization of PVC is also investigated by colorimetry. The aqueous solution of aminopolycarboxylates exhibits a greater masking effect than the solid. The masking effect of aminopolycarboxylates depends on the ease with which they are fnely dispersed into PVC. Colorimetry indicated that the masking effect of aminopolycarboxylates and other nitrogen-containing agents depends on forming the colorless complex compound with the excessive cool color-producing metal chlorides.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1601-1618 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of a number of chemically nonreacting organic on shrinkage and stress-strain properties of preoriented semicrystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) filaments have been studied. The changes in shrinkage and mechanical properties are found to be highly dependent on time and temperature, as well as on tension applied on the yarn during the treatment. The changes brought about by the solvents at lower temperatures (i.e., below 100°C) are either comparable with or more than those produced by thermal treatments in air or silicone oil above 200°C. The possibility of using slovent treatment for setting polyester for dimensional stability at low temperature as an alternative to the normal dry-heat-setting method has been discussed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1419-1425 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A specific functional group that could interact with ions was introduced in a synthetic membrane to achieve an active transport of ions. One way to synthesize the active transport membrane was to introduce a functional group which has a tautomerism upon pH changes in an aqueous solution. A polymer having pendent N-hydroxyethyl amide groups was synthesized to form a membrane, and the membrane was fixed in a cell as a partition film, in which one side of the solution was adjusted to be acidic and the other side basic. It was then possible to transport chlorine ion through the membrane owing to the carrier functions caused by tautomerism of the N-hydroxyethyl amide group from the acidic to the basic sides. The transport of the chlorine ion was not dependent on diffusion control.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1443-1453 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Injection- and compression-molded poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) samples were aged at 40 to 90°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. Dynamic mechanical measurements show that aging restricts molecular mobility in the glassy poly(styrene-acrylonitrile) matrix of ABS. The α, or glass transition, of the matrix is affected only by aging at higher temperatures such as 90°C. On the other hand, the β transition is suppressed to some extent by aging at all temperatures from 40 to 90°C parallels the loss of tensile elongation previously reported. These results indicate that the effects of aging on the glassy phase are unique for different aging temperatures. Therefore, a simple time temperature superposition may not exist for the effects of physical aging on ABS.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1479-1489 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto silk fibers was investigated in aqueous solution using the Mn(IV)-oxalic acid redox system. The copolymerization reaction was carried out under a variety of conditions such as different monomer, initiator, oxalic acid, acid concentrations, and temperatures. The graft yield increases with increasing initiator concentration up to 5 × 10-2M, and with further increase of the initiator concentration it decreases. The graft yield also increases with increasing sulfuric acid concentration up to 15 × 10-2M, and decreases thereafter. The rate of grafting also increases with increase in oxalic acid concentration up to 1.5 × 10-2M and 84.592 × 10-2M, respectively, and thereafter the rate of grafting shows down. The effect of temperature, solvents, and salts on graft yield has also been investigated and a plausible rate expression has been derived.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1509-1513 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1523-1531 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Chlorinated poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF2) was prepared by introducing chlorine gas into a CCI4 suspension of PVF2 at reflux temperature. Polymer crystallinity and softening point decrease, while solubility and adhesion increase with the degree of chlorination. In contrast to PVF2, the chlorinated polymer is soluble in low-boiling common organic solvents, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane. Chlorinated PVF2 is resistant to dehydrochlorination and is thermally more stable than PVF, chlorinated PVF, PVC, or chlorinated PVC. Chlorinated PVF2 coatings on wood, prepared by solution casting at room temperature, show outstanding weathering resistance.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1549-1558 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermal analysis was used to show that blends of poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene succinate) (PCDS) with polycarbonate (PC) are completely miscible in the amorphous phase. Blends of PC with poly(ethylene orthophthalate) (PEOP) were found to have a miscibility gap in the midconcentration range and are thus not miscible in all proportions. Similarly, a commercial copolyester formed from ethylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, terephthalic acid, and isophthalic acid is partially miscible with PC. These observations are discussed in terms of the structural features of the three polyesters.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1755-1774 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The permeabilities and diffusivities of methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, and isobutane in commercially available poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (TFE) and poly(fluoroethylene-propylene) (FEP) Teflon have been measured in a Pasternak-type permeation cell. Experiments were carried out at upstream hydrocarbon partial pressures up to 50 torr (1000-60,000 ppm gas phase concentration) and temperatures from 40 to 195°C with films of 0.0508 and 0.127 mm thickness using nitrogen as carrier gas on the upstream and downstream sides of the membrane. The transient and steady-state permeation data are described well by a combination of Henry's law and Fick's law with a concentration-independent diffusion coefficient. Linear Arrhenius plots of both permeabilities and diffusivities were obtained. Linear correlations were found both between the activation energy for diffusion and the square of the gas molecule diameter, and between the logarithm of solubility at 90°C and the penetrant boiling point. Separation factors for binary mixtures of hydrocarbons were measured for TFE at 140°C and found to be similar to those predicted by individual permeabilities in most cases. Measurements with mixed gases were not made for FEP Teflon, but selectivities of FEP are expected to be similarly well described by the ratios of the pure gas permeabilities at the low partial pressures studied. The effect of annealing FEP Teflon for 24 hr at 200°C was found to produce an average of 20-30% reduction in solubility as well as a 9% increase in the activation energy for diffusion compared to as-received films. These effects are believed to be due to increased crystallinity in the sample upon annealing.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1789-1792 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1799-1806 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1825-1831 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A method is developed to estimate the composition of a powder mixture using breadths of over-lapping x-ray diffraction (XRD) lines. The application of the method is illustrated for analyzing blends of cotton and jute.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1839-1859 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The pyrolysis of organic waste polymers to produce fuels and chemicals is of interest to augment petroleum-based processes. The wide variety of pyrolysis products of low yield and the uncertain role that heat transfer rate plays in determining these have been deterrents to utilization in the past. A possible approach to increased selectivity for products is to heat them rapidly and homogeneously with the aim of narrowing the product distribution. A very rapid means of homogeneous heat transfer throughout the substrate is microwave heating. A laboratory study has been done to determine what effect high-intensity microwave energy has on the thermal degradative pathways of cellulose. The product distribution found when cellulose is pyrolyzed in the absence of a microwave discharge is similar to that found in conventional furnace pyrolysis. The major products are levoglucosan (27%), carbon dioxide (2-5%), water, and charred residue. However, the total heat-up and reaction times for even large pellets are reduced to less than 2-3 min when high-intensity microwave irradiation is employed. Effects of pressure and microwave power are reported. Low external gas temperature also prevents secondary reactions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1861-1866 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The tensile strength and ultimate strain of polypropylene fibers were measured by the creep fracture method at various temperatures. The tensile strength against time-to-break curves at various temperatures, which were plotted on log-log scales, were superposed by shifting the curves along the logarithmic time-to-break axis, and the composite curve of the tensile strength as a function of a reduced time to break was obtained. On the other hand, to construct the composite curve of ultimate strain from the ultimate strain against time-to-break curves at various temperatures, shifting the curves along the logarithmic ultimate strain axis was required in combination with shifting along the logarithmic time-to-break axis. The temperature dependence of the shift factor aT followed an equation of the Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) form. The volume fraction of free volume at the glass transition temperature and the coefficient of thermal volume expansion, which were calculated from the WLF coefficients determined for the polypropylene fibers, are almost the same as those known as “universal values” for amorphous polymers.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1931-1942 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Processes aimed at forming high-performance fiber morphologies from rigid, semirigid, and flexible polymers have been analyzed. Routes that rely at least partially on the favorable thermodynamic consequences of conformational rigidity imparted by intramolecular and polymer-solvent interactions are shown to offer much greater promise than those that rely entirely on externally applied deformation.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1943-1950 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: On the basis of standards of identification of substances in the additive system of polyethylene has been performed. Different methods for separation such as adsorption thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography with chemically bounded phases, and gas chromatography have been used. The fir al identification has been made with mass spectrometry. The substances have been extracted from polyethylene with hexane and chloroform.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1969-1989 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The preparation of a novel asymmetric membrane cast from a homogeneous mixture of poly(4-vinyl pyridine) and cellulose acetate is described. The two polymers were found to be compatible in the presence of Lewis acids, yielding hydrophilic homogeneous alloys when properly prepared. Asymmetric membranes were cast from a six-component dope mixture containing chloroform, methanol, acetone, and formamide. The as-cast solution, when coagulated in water at ambient temperature, yields a highly plasticized anisotropic matrix which solidifies into a glassy state as the chloroform slowly diffuses into the water. The membranes, following this stage, exhibit a semipermeable dense skin that produces high fluxes and salt rejections when tested in a high-pressure reverse osmosis mode (no annealing is required). The anisotropic morphology was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy studies which revealed a dense skin resting on a highly porous, open-celled foamlike structure. This structure does not collapse upon drying and retains its original wet dimensions. Brief attempts to quaternize the matrix are also reported.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1723-1735 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Effect of sorbed water on dielectric and mechanical properties is studied for three kinds of polyion complex (PIC) membranes formed from equal moles of polyanion [poly(sodium 4-vinylbenze-sulfonate)] and three polycations of different structural isomerisms [poly(4-vinylphenethyltriethylammonium bromide), poly(3-vinylphenethyltriethylammonium bromide), and random copolymer of these monomers]. Sorption isotherms and swelling characteristics indicate that PIC of parapolycation includes more water microphases than PIC of meta-polycatio. Complex dielectric constants of three PICs with varied water contents are measured at frequencies from 10 Hz to 100 kHz and the relaxation is analyzed in terms of the heterogeneous structure. Stress-elongation relationships of PICs equilibrated with water and aqueous NaBr indicate that yield and break stresses are higher for PIC of meta-polycation than that of para-polycation and decrease with increasing NaBr concentration above 0.1M.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1775-1780 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Operation of an improved design of a vapor pressure osmometer for polyolefins at 140°C is described. Reproducibility of ±10% of the measured number-average molecular weight (Mn) was obtained with a maximum Mn of about 45,000-50,000. Results are reported for some standard and commercial, linear and branched polyethylenes and for commercial polypropylenes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1785-1788 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1813-1813 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1875-1882 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The chemical structure of polyurethane modified by BHET is correlated with its mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. Evaluation of this amorphous elastomer by means of stress-strain tests and transition temperature measurements reveals that incorporation of the BHET structure into the soft polyester segment affects the domain structure and, in turn, the entire mechanical behavior of polyurethane. It is also shown that polyurethane has a wide range of Tg and secondary transition temperature by varying the ratio of BHET to EG as well as the ratio of TDI to polyester polyol.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 1961-1968 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Films of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polystyrene, and a styrene/acrylic terpolymer have been cast from solutions of varying thermodynamic quality and the film properties studied by inverse gas chromatography and by critical surface tension measurements. Surface properties of the non-polar polystyrene were independent of solvent medium, but significant variations in these properties were observed in the case of PMMA and the terpolymer. Solvent balance also appeared to affect the bulk properties of the latter films, as judged by the penetration rates of interacting liquids. The observations indicate the feasibility of controlling film properties of the solid by the appropriate selection of solution media; a time-dependent variation in solid properties is to be expected, however, as the film structure attains an equilibrium state.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2007-2017 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Europium(III) chelates of dibenzoylmethane (DBM) (1) and β-diketone-containing polymers, i.e., poly(p-benzoylacetylstyrene) (2) and poly(aryl β-diketone) (3), were prepared. In the polymer 2 the β-diketone moiety is attached to the phenyl ring, and for polymer 3 the β-diketone group is incorporated in the linear chain. The chelate structures were confirmed by measuring IR spectra, TGA, and DTA. The fluorescence emission intensity was measured on fine powder samples. For the composite samples of Eu(DBM)4 in polystyrene, the fluorescence intensity was found to increase linearly with increasing Eu content. However, for Eu coordination polymers, the intensity reached a maximum at Eu3+ content as small as 1 wt % and remained constant on further increasing the Eu3+ content. When the fluorescence intensities of Eu complexes were compared under the same conditions, namely, 1 wt % Eu, at which Eu-2 and Eu-3 show nearly maximum intensity, the order was found to be Eu-1 〉 Eu-2 〉 Eu-3. These phenomena were accounted for by the differences in the coordination number of the Eu complexes.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2105-2107 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fibrillar size of native cellulose was studied in detail by electron microscopic and x-ray techniques. Samples included natural fibers of cotton and ramie as well as algal and bacterial celluloses. Results indicated smaller sizes for cotton and ramie than was previously reported in the literature and a possible difference in fibrillar sizes among celluloses.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2331-2338 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The distribution of polyenes which results from the chemical dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) has been studied in dichloromethane (DCM) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvents. A higher percentage of longer polyenes is formed in DCM than in THF. On the addition of trifluoroacetic acid to DCM solutions of the polyenes, new species are formed with strong absorptions in the region 500-800 nm. The absorptions are probably due to polyenylic ions formed by protonation of the polyenes, and the interrelated changes in their intensities can be explained by the migration of short polyene sequences along the polymer chain with the formation of longer sequences. The species are extremely photosensitive and are bleached in a few seconds with light from a medium-pressure mercury lamp. The relevance of these experiments to the effect of HCl on the polyene distribution and on the rate of photocrosslinking is discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2373-2392 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The polymerization of butadiene with nickel (II) stearate-Et2AlCl catalyst has been studied in a batch reactor. The rate of polymerization is first order with respect to monomer and increases with the addition of water. In this system, no appreciable termination reaction has been found and the chain transfer to monomer dictates the molecular weight distribution of the polymer products. Molecular weight increases with conversion and water content. The cis-1,4 content was found to be a function of the extent of polymerization.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2417-2426 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Photosensitized reactions of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dichloromethane (DCM) solutions of polyene sequences introduced into poly(vinyl chloride) molecules by chemical degradation have been investigated. The distribution of polyenes produced following further thermal degradation in DCM were shifted toward longer sequences than were observed for the same reaction in THF. Benzophenone-sensitized bleaching of the polyene absorption in aerated THF solutions was characterized by induction periods, but the presence of oxygen had little effect on the same reaction in DCM. The bleaching process seems to involve reaction of the polyenes with the tetrahydrofuranyl radical formed by abstraction of the α-hydrogen from THF by triplet benzophenone. No induction periods were observed for benzoin-sensitized reactions, but the rate of reaction was faster in DCM than in THF. The differences are discussed in terms of the difference in reactivity of the alkyl and alkoxy radicals.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Chromated lead, tin, and lead/tin alloy surfaces have been characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ESCA) and ion microanalyzer (IMA). Also the locus of failure in dry conditions of these metal joints bonded with an ethylene-acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer has been estimated from analysis of the fractured surfaces by ESCA, IMA, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cathodically chromated tin and lead/tin surfaces are almost completely covered with a corrosion-protective chromium oxide film, although immersion-chromated tin and lead/tin surfaces have considerable amounts of tin and lead oxides. In chromated tin joints having a chromate film of less than 100Å, bond failure occurs cohesively in the EAA copolymer. On the other hand, chromated tin joints having a chromate film of more than 100Å give the failure mainly at the chromate film-tin oxide interface and partly in the tin oxide.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2531-2538 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The subject of this study was urethane elastomers synthetized from oligo (ethylene adipate) and diphenyl-methane-4,4′-di-isocyanate extended by means of 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diamine-diphenyl-methane with 1,4-butylene glycol. It has been demonstrated, with the aid of the method used by Weisfeld and co-workers that the changes in the NCO:OH molar relation from 2.75 to 5 at the prepolymer synthesis stage are the cause of an increase in the total crosslinking density as well as those derived from the primary and secondary valence crosslinks. The application of diamine as a chain extender, in comparsion with glycol, causes an increase of the crosslinking densities under investigation. The observed changes in the crosslinking stage of the elastomers obtained have been explained on the basis of the segment structure of the normal chains. The apparent differences in the crosslinking density by primary valence crosslinks, as determined chemically and by the method of Weisfeld et al., have been explained on the basis of IR measurements of the changes in the hydrogen bonding contents as functions of temperature.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Three grades of poly(1,4-butylene terephthalate) (PBT) were aged up to three years at 100, 75, 50, and 11% relative humidity and temperatures of 66-93°C. The decrease in mechanical properties, caused by hydrolysis, occurs rapidly at the higher temperatures and relative humidities and progressively slows as the temperature and/or humidity are decreased. Equations for making life-cycle predictions at any combination of temperature and humidity were derived from Arrhenius plots. If a 50% loss in tensile strength constitutes failure, then the PBT examined should be expected to last only three to four years at 50°C and 100% relative humidity. Reducing the humidity level to 50% extends the useful life at this temperature to 10-20 years. Predictions based on the tensile strength half-life should not be used where toughness or impact properties are important because PBT embrittles long before the tensile strength half-life is reached.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2649-2652 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2657-2657 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2699-2710 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Moisture-cured polyurethanes were prepared by reacting toluene diisocyanate and sebacic acid-based hydroxy esters such as ethylene glycol sebacate, propylene glycol sebacate, diethylene glycol sebacate, and polyester polyols such as poly(ethylene glycol sebacate), poly(propylene glycol sebacate), poly(diethylene glycol sebacate), and poly(butane diol sebacate). The effect of molecular weight of the esters on film properties and the catalytic effect of 3-5% triethylamine, triethanolamine, and 2-diethylaminoethanol on curing of such films were investigated. Polyurethanes were also prepared using a blend of poly(butane diol carbonate) polyol with polyester polyols. Best polyurethane compositions were obtained when sebacic acid-based polyester polyols were blended with poly(butane diol carbonate) polyol in the ratio of 3:2. These polyurethanes show good tensile strength (120-215 kg/cm2) and elongation (340-460%) properties, having high melting points (247-268°C) and good resistance to solvents and chemicals. Moreover, they are colorless and transparent.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2747-2754 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Carboxylic acids with weak acidities showed large catalytic activity. For instance, for chlorine-substituted acetic acid the activity increased with decreasing chlorine content. For benzoic acid derivatives, electron acceptor substituents, such as NO2, CI, and OH, lowered the catalytic activity, while electron donor substituents such as alkyl and alkoxy groups increased it. Detailed study on the cure rate of polyureaurethane, with 2-methyl benzoic acid as a catalyst, showed that pot life (PL) and the minimum demolding time (DT) had a correlation with the catalyst amount [X] represented by the following equation: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm PL}^{ - 1} \left( {or{\rm DT}^{ - 1} } \right) = A + B\left[ {\rm X} \right] $$\end{document} where A and B are constants. Further, use of appropriate amounts of the catalyst enhanced tensile strength at break for polyureaurethane.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2789-2793 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Dynamic stress intensity factors KD were measured by the caustic method and crack propagation velocity Ċ by the velocity gauge techniques for PMMA [poly(methyl methacrylate)] during dynamic crack propagation at various strain rates \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \rm \dot \varepsilon $\end{document} . No definite applied strain rate effects on the dynamic stress intensity factor were observed for applied strain rates ranging from 8.33 × 10-4 to 30/sec; however, the test results do show crack propagation velocity dependency in KD ∼ Ċ relations. The high local strain rate region may be realized at the running crack tip even under the quasi-static loading case of \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \rm \dot \varepsilon $\end{document}= 8.33 × 10-4/sec, since all the crack propagation velocities obtained were greater than 50 m/sec even up to 450 m/sec.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2845-2855 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The computational method of a concentration-dependent diffusion coefficient D(C) of dyes in fibers has been presented. This method is based on concentration profiles determined with the microphotometric technique and the numerical solution of Fick's second law of diffusion for the cylindrical system. Exploiting the grid method and data of experimental concentration profiles, diffusion coefficients of disperse dye Synthene Scarlet P3GL in the anionically modified polyester fiber have been calculated. The results have been compared with those obtained by the Boltzmann-Matano method. It was stated that (1) in the investigated polymer-dye system the relation between D and C is of the form D(C) = D0 exp(δC); (2) the allowance for the cylindrical symmetry of the fiber leads to the lower values D(C) in the total concentration range than those obtained by the Boltzmann-Matano method; and (3) values of D0 calculated with both methods are coincident.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2829-2843 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The swelling of cellulose gel is considered to be caused by an osmotic pressure differential resulting from a difference in concentration of mobile ions between the interior of the gel and the exterior solution. The fundamental feature within the gel, bringing about the unequal distribution, is the presence of ionizing acidic groups attached to the macromolecular network. Using the Donnan theory to describe the distribution of ions, it is shown that the experimentally observed decreases in swelling brought about by extremes of pH and by salt addition may be explained in a semiquantitative way. The swelling behavior of superabsorbent gels appears to be almost completely governed by the proposed mechanism. For conventional wood pulps, the mechanism describes the smaller variations in swelling caused by pH and salt addition. For these gels, electrolytic effects are only responsible for a fraction of the total swelling - the remainder being associated with the macromolecular network itself. The unequal distribution of hydrogen ions between a gel and an exterior solution is described briefly, along with the effect that this has on the potentiometric titration of the gel.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2891-2907 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Several homologous families of random copolyamides containing aromatic rigid elements and aliphatic or aralkyl flexible elements were prepared and characterized. Lyotropic liquid crystallinity was observed in all such polymers where over 50% of the aromatic residues belonged to rigid elements whose axial ratio surpassed a critical value of 5〈 x 〈6. The point where 5〈 x 〈6 is reached depends on the nature of the flexible comonomers. The higher their basicity or flexibility, the higher the concentration of rigid monomers in the copolymer at the point of 5〈 x 〈6. In concentrated ternary systems of polymer 1/polymer 2/solvent, a single anisotropic phase containing both polymers can be obtained when each polymer can form an anisotropic solution in the solvent. When either polymer is too flexible to form an anisotropic solution by itself, it will then separate from the ternary system into an isotropic phase, leaving the more rigid polymer in the coexisting anisotropic solution.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Copoly(vinyl alcohol-styrenesulfonic acid) resin was prepared by a two-step polymerization, consisting of a suspension polymerization of styrene containing divinylbenzene using tetraethylthiuram disulfide as an initiator and a subsequent block copolymerization of vinyl acetate to the crosslinked polystyrene obtained, followed by sulfonation and saponification. Some reaction conditions in the polymerization of styrene were investigated to obtain copolymer containing more vinyl alcohol units. The catalytic activity of the copolymer on the hydrolysis of dextrin was investigated and found to be increased with increasing amount of vinyl alcohol units and with a lowering degree of crosslinking of the copolymer. The maximum acceleration of rate obtained in the presence of the copolymer was about six times that in the presence of Amberlite 120B. Catalytic activity of the copolymer on hydrolysis of sucrose and methyl acetate were also investigated and found to be comparable each other and lower than that for dextrin. The difference between the activities for dextrin and for sucrose and methyl acetate increased with an increasing amount of vinyl alcohol units in the copolymer.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Homogeneous graft copolymerization of styrene onto cellulose was carried out using a SO2-DEA-DMSO cellulose solvent reaction medium and γ-ray mutual irradiation. The yield of grafted side chain polymer and the homopolymer in this reaction system proved to be polysulfone, a styrene-sulfur dioxide copolymer in which the number of sulfur atoms per polymer chain is 3-3.5. Several characterizations of the graft product were attempted. The graft products were extracted with boiling benzene for 24 hr to remove homopolymer, and then the cellulose backbones were hydrolyzed. After hydrolysis, the polysulfone residues were separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) into two components, i.e., attendant homopolysulfone and the true side chain polysulfone having some sugar residues at one of the polymer chain ends. The weight fraction of these components for each graft product was determined by a TLC scanner. The molecular weight of the side chain polysulfone remained constant and significantly lower than that of the homopolysulfone throughout the reaction period. By assuming that no scission of cellulose chains occurred throughout the graft reaction, the number of branches per starting cellulose molecule was assessed to be surprisingly large, ranging from 2.4 to 10.6 at a total dose of 1-8 mR of irradiation. It was also found that percent grafting increased with irradiation time because of an increase in the number of branches per cellulose chain. Furthermore, we succeeded in separating the graft product into ungrafted cellulose and the true graft copolymer containing a small amount of attendant hompolysulfone.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2961-2968 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Viscosities of γ-Fe2O3 dispersions in epoxy resin, phenol resin, and polyvinyl butyral solutions are measured at shear rate D from 19.2 to 384 sec-1. Volume fraction of γ-Fe2O3 in these dispersions ranges from about 0.002 to 0.03. The concentration dependence of relative viscosity η/ηs is closely represented by the Mooney equation. From this equation, intrinsic viscosity [η] of suspensions is found to decrease from 46.1 at D = 19.2sec-1 to 14 at D = 384 sec-1 for epoxy resin solution. The high [η] value indicates the existence of flocs containing immobilized liquid. By increasing the shear rate, the average floc size is reduced to point where at an infinite shear rate, only small clusters or possibly particles remain. Of the three polymers, the lowest [η] value is obtained in the dispersion of the phenol resin solution.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 2985-2992 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Constants for the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada relation can be established in principle from GPC measurements on broad distribution polymers. The method requires use of two samples with different intrinsic viscosities or a single polymer for which [η] and Mn Mw are known. The [η]-Mw combination is not reliable because Mv and Mw are often very similar in magnitude. The [η]Mn method is likewise not recommended because of the influence of skewing and axial dispersion effects on the GPC measurement of Mn. The simplest and safest way to use GPC data to estimate the MHS constants involves the measurement of GPC chromatograms of two polymer samples with different intrinsic viscosities. The method is not confined to the solvent used as the GPC eluant. The MHS constants derived from GPC appear to reflect the molecular weight range of the calibration samples and may not be as widely applicable as those from the more tedious classical methods which employ a series of fractionated samples.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 27-39 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Dielectric γ relaxation in polyethylene with various degrees of branching and/or with various heat treatment has been measured in the ranges of frequency 10-104 Hz and temperature-90 to-130°C. The difference between the dispersion maps obtained from the frequency dependence of the dielectric loss and from the temperature dependence suggests that the temperature dependence of the relaxation intensity in polyethylene is not negligible. With an increase in crystallinity owing to the decrease in branching, the relaxation time shifts to longer time or higher temperature side and the activation energy increases steeply, whereas the quite opposite tendency was observed for the heat treated polyethylene with different crystallinity. The distribution of relaxation times becomes narrower with increasing temperature. At higher temperatures, the distribution in the specimens with various degrees of branching becomes narrower with the increase in the crystallinity, whereas in the specimens with various heat treatments, the dependence of the distribution on crystallinity tends to cease. Defects in the crystalline phase increase with an increase in branching and in crystallinity through heat treatments, and the dielectric γ relaxation in polyethylene differs depending on the branching and/or heat treatments.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 41-48 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of aqueous polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by the redox system Mn3+-thioglycollic acid was studied in sulfuric acid in the temperature range of 35-50°C, and the rates of polymerization Rp and Mn3+ disappearance, etc., were measured. The effect of certain water-miscible organic solvents, neutral electrolytes, and complexing agents on the rates of polymerization has been investigated. A mechanism involving the formation of a complex between Mn3+ and thioglycollic acid whose decomposition yields the initiating free radical with the polymerization being terminated by the metal ion has been suggested.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2415-2422 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The penetration of p-xylylene gas into small rectangular channels has been studied by measuring the thickness of the formed poly(p-xylylene) films as a function of penetration distance. The experimental values are related to the theoretical penetration curves under various process conditions. At low monomer and residual gas pressures, meeting the Knudsen conditions for wall-to-wall collisions of the monomer, a molecular flow model is valid which shows large penetration distances and a gradual decrease in film thickness. At increasing monomer pressures and corresponding deposition rates the molecular flow at the entrance is disturbed in favor of a more viscous type of flow. Consequently an accumulation of poly(p-xylylene) has been observed in the first part of the channel. At increasing residual gas pressures the penetration can be described by a mass transfer model. Under our process conditions however, its ideal penetration characteristics could not be realized due to a visccus flow transition at the entrance of the channel. Polymerization of chloro-p-xylylene at low residual gas pressures showed a molecular flow controlled penetration, also at high deposition rates. Owing to its higher reactivity the penetration is less favorable than for p-xylylene.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2447-2457 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Laboratory experiments with small samples of styrene-butadiene rubber show a complex thermal history which suggests the presence of both endothermic and exothermic processes. The suggested mechanisms are shown to be qualitatively correct by computer simulation. Both the laboratory tests and two larger scale tests show that styrene-butadiene rubber of the present composition will not spontaneously ignite if its surroundings are held at a sufficiently low temperature below about 220°C (428°F).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2479-2483 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A method was developed to determine CGL-144 (Tinuvin 144) in polypropylene. Polypropylene pellets were dissolved in hot decalin. The solution was cooled to precipitate the polymer. A portion of the filtered extract solution was injected onto a normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system consisting of a μ-Porasil stationary phase and a chloroform:ethanol:ammonia (95:5:0.05) mobile phase. The amount of CGL-144 was determined by peak height measurement from an ultraviolet absorption detector set at 280 nm. Injections could be made every 10 min. The limit of detection for the method as described is 0.06% CGL-144 in polypropylene. There are no known interferences with this method.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2423-2436 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new preparation technique of the polymer plate with high water wettability and sufficient mar resistance was proposed. The gel plate resulting from the prepolymerization of diallyl compound (M1), diallyl phthalate (DAP), in a casting cell was immersed in an aqueous solution of unsaturated carboxylic acid (M2), acrylic acid (AA), and methacrylic acid (MAA), at a specific temperature for a specific time. M2 was copolymerized with the remaining M1 in the region near the surface of the gel plate, and polymer plates with the following characteristics were obtained: for DAP-AA system, θi (contact angle of the alkali-treated plate) = 10.5° and mar resistance (for the alkali-treated plate at a dry state) = 70 g; for DAP-MAA system, θi = 8.3°, and mar resistance = 65 g.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2437-2445 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The feasibility of chromium(VI) to induce graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto nylon-6 was investigated in the presence of nitrogen. The rate of grafting was determined by varying monomer concentration, chromium(VI) concentration, temperature, acidity of the medium, solvents, inorganic salts, and redox system. The graft yield increases significantly by increasing the monomer concentration. The graft yield increases with increase of [Cr(VI)] up to 0.025 mole/liter. With further increase of [Cr(VI)], the graft yield decreases. The increase of acid concentration up to 0.395 mole/liter results the increase in graft yield. Beyond this concentration the graft yield decreases. The graft yield increases with increase in temperature up to 55°C and thereafter it decreases. The graft yield is medium dependent. The graft yield increases with increasing thiourea concentration upto 0.0025 mole/liter but beyond this concentration, the percentage graft yield decreases. A suitable kinetic scheme has been proposed and the rate equation has been evaluated.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2471-2478 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The low-temperature β relaxation has been studied via thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSD) method for polycarbonate that had been cold-rolled and subsequently undergone the α′ relaxation at 70°C as a function of time. It has been found that the intensity of the β process increased as the annealing at 70°C increased. The analysis of the activation energy spectrum associated with the β relaxation indicated that the enhancement in the β intensity was due to the liberation of local dipoles from their aligned orientation as a result of undergoing the α′ relaxation process. Tensile flow curves have also been determined for the same set of specimens. Similar enhancement was also observed in the yield stress behavior. In view of the good correlation between the mechanical property and the structural change revealed by the relaxation study, it was concluded that the variation of the yield stress and the work-hardening in the rolled polymer was primarily associated with those parts of the chain that had been disoriented from their frozen-in conformations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2485-2500 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The solid-state polymerization by γ-radiation and postpolymerization of bulk samples of trioxane has been investigated. Different thermal treatment results in radically different initial morphologies of the melt-crystallized trioxane which in turn have a profound influence on the yield and morphology of the resulting poly(oxymethylene) (POM). The polymerization yield increases in the following series: melt-crystallized trioxane with an “opaque” (small grains) morphology, as-grown needles, trioxane with a “quasi-transparent” morphology, and finally thermally oriented crystals. Furthermore, little additional POM is formed during repeated polymerization cycles. The observation of an extensive nodulation of the polymer fibrils when the yield is high is consistent with a multiple-stage growth model for the solid-state polymerization of trioxane.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The mechanical properties of swollen cellulose hydrogels have been studied. The degree of swelling of the gels was varied between 0.75 and 6.3 g water/g dry gel (g/g) by partial drying followed by reswelling in water. Creep rate was measured in uniaxial compression in the time interval 15-900 s for gels in equilibrium with water. Isochronous relations between stress and reversible strain were found to be linear, and creep compliance was calculated from the slopes. Both the creep compliance and the creep rate increase with an increased degree of swelling. General observations, such as the high strain limit of linearity in the stress-strain curves and the magnitude of the creep compliance, indicate similarities between swollen cellulose gels and rubbery networks. It is therefore assumed that the statistical theories for swollen networks can describe the amorphous matrix of the gels. In order to obtain creep compliance values representative of the amorphous matrix, the experimental values were corrected for the presence of crystalline regions. It is also suggested that non-load-bearing microvoids are present at high swelling levels. According to calculations based on the theory, the network chains of the amorphous regions in a gel swollen to 2.4 g/g contain about 11 monomer units and the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter χ equals 0.2.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2573-2580 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Different values are reported in the literature for the intrinsic birefringence of the crystalline (Δn0c) and the amorphous (Δn0a) phases in nylon 6. Mostly, these values have either been determined by extrapolation (and then it is assumed that Δn0c = Δn0a) or calculated theoretically. In this study, intrinsic birefringence values Δn0c and Δn0a for nylon 6 were determined using the Samuels two-phase model which correlates sonic modulus with structural parameters. Three series of fiber samples were used: (1) isotropic samples of different degrees of crystallinity for estimation of E0t,a and E0t,c moduli at two temperatures. The following modulus values were obtained: 1.62 × 109 and 6.66 × 109 N/m2 for 28.5°C, and 1.81 × 109 and 6.71 × 109 N/m2 for -20°C; (2) anisotropic, amorphous fiber samples for estimation of Δn0a = 0.076 and E0t,a = 1.63 × 109 N/m2 at 28.5°C; (3) semicrystalline samples of various draw ratios for estimations of Δn0c = 0.089 and Δn0a = 0.078. All measurements were carried out with carefully dried samples to avoid erroneous results caused by moisture.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 653-666 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Based on the polymerization data presented in part I of this series, a kinetic mechanism for the polymerization of butadiene in toluene initiated with nickel(II) stearate-diethyl aluminum chloride was proposed. Expressions for the conversion, the degree of polymerization, and the cis content were derived. Those models were then used to correlate the experimental data from which the rate constants were estimated. A quantitative discussion of various aspects of the polymerization is also presented.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2613-2623 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Drawn fibers of polypropylene have been shown to undergo spontaneous stiffening during storage for several weeks at room temperature after being quenched from higher temperatures below the melting region. The effect occurs in both drawn and undrawn fibers and does not depend on the details of heat treatment prior to the quench. Stress relaxation and density data are in quantitative agreement with an explanation in terms of a gradual collapse of free volume during storage. The effect appears to be identical to “physical aging” previously observed in isotropic molded samples of polypropylene.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2639-2647 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polymerization of ethyl methacrylate (EMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) was achieved in glass dilatometers, at 86°C, using polystyrene sulfonate (Na+ and H+ forms) as initiators. The conversion of EMA to PEMA and MMA to PMMA increased with the time of polymerization, quantity of initiator, and size of dilatometer but decreased with volume of water. The polymer yield was higher for the Na+ than for the H+ form of the resin initiator. The average degree of polymerization increased with increase in the volume of water, but decreased with the quantity of initiator. Vinyl acetate could not be polymerized using either the Na+ or H+ forms of the polystyrene sulfonate as the initiator under the conditions of EMA or MMA polymerization.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2657-2664 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The elution volume of polystyrene or of poly(ethylene glycol) of various molecular weights was measured in both tetrahydrofuran and benzene at 40 or 60°C by means of gel permeation chromatography utilizing columns packed with crosslinked polystyrene gel or porous glass. When the polystyrene gel was used as the column packing, a relationship between log [η]M and the peak elution volume for polystyrene agreed with that for poly(ethylene glycol). Using columns packed with glass, however, the elution volume of polystyrene was smaller than that of poly(ethylene glycol) at the same log [η]M. The results are considered to be attributable to the adsorption of poly(ethylene glycol) onto the glass. The effect of the adsorption on the elution volume was evaluated by assuming a universal calibration for columns containing porous glass; the deviation of the elution volume from the universal calibration curve increased with increase in molecular weight. At lower temperatures, even polystyrene was adsorbed onto the glass. Therefore, to reduce the adsorption of polymers on glass, it is necessary to increase the temperature or use surface treatment when porous glass is used as a GPC column packing.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2693-2711 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The state of dispersion of poly(ethylene-co-propylene) (PEP) rubber and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in polypropylene (PP) blends was investigated using scanning electron microscopy to examine solvent-etched microtomed surfaces cut at low temperatures. The validity of the method was established by comparing the areal fraction of dispersed particles in micrographs with the volume fraction of PEP and HDPE in PP-rich blends. When small amounts of PEP and HDPE were added to PP, they combined to form composite PEP-HDPE particles with characteristic internal structures in a PP matrix. Changes in impact strength and flexural modulus with changes in mixing conditions and blend composition were determined and interpreted in terms of the size, composition, and internal structure of the dispersed particles. Particle growth in the melt limited the impact strength level achieved in molded articles. A simple model proposed for screening rubbers for toughening of brittle plastics successfully predicts that PEP rubber should be an excellent impact modifier for PP.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Scoured ply cotton yarn was slack mercerized followed by restretching the cotton yarn to 90-103% of the original length in the mercerizing solution. The scoured and the mercerized cotton yarns were subjected to weathering for up to 14 months. Regardless of the cotton substrates, exposure to weathering was accompanied by an increase in copper number, decrease in both degree of polymerization (DP) and iodine sorption, and a loss in strength properties. No significant change in the carboxyl content of scoured and mercerized cottons could be observed after weathering. However, mercerized cottons retained higher strength in spite of higher degradation as compared to scoured cotton. This was interpreted in terms of removal of structural imperfections or weak links in cotton during the combined as swelling and stretching process evidenced by interrelationships between tenacity and percentage of bonds broken, as well as tensile strength and DP together with measurement of the average distances between crystallite centers in scoured and mercerized degraded cotton.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2769-2771 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2787-2789 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3027-3043 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Tertiary amines and metal [Cu(II), Zn(II)] salts exhibit a synergistic effect in the catalysis of the isocyanate water reaction. The amino complexes of zinc and copper salts display a very large versatility in defining the most suitable formulations for the polyurea foam production. The foaming process is indeed controlled by the nature and the composition of these new catalytic combinations; kinetics of foaming and textural characteristics of final foams are easily modified in that way.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3065-3071 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Nylon 6 films, 25 μm thick, were grafted with polar monomers in aqueous solution following preirradiation with a 550-kV electron beam accelerator. The graft yield rose linearly with grafting period up to 100% graft and leveled off at a graft yield above 150%. At 100 to 200% graft of several acrylic acid derivatives onto the nylon 6 films, water permeation rates comparable to those of PVA and cellophane films were observed. These high water permeation rates of the grafted nylon films were considered as an indication that some of the acrylate copolymers penetrated throughout the matrix of the host polymer. The highest rates of water permeability were observed in nylon acrylamide grafts.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3099-3102 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The presence of carbon filler has been shown to cause a change in the glass transition temperature of polymers. For poly(vinyl chloride) and two of its copolymers with 10 and 15% vinyl acetate an increase in Tg was observed when Graphon C Carbon was added. The increase was greater when the proportion of vinyl acetate was greater. Polar vinyl acetate units allow stronger adsorption of polymer onto the carbon. Brittle polymers such as polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) showed scattered Tg's when filled with carbon. The changes were not a function of concentration. It is postulated that the thermal stress of these polymers is increased in the presence of filler.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3151-3156 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto modified cellulose was studied at 60° causing peroxydiphosphate as the initiator. The rate of grafting in case of different modified cellulose was determined by varying peroxydiphosphate, monomer, nature of substrate, and temperature. The molecular weight of the isolated polymer has been determined, and the mechanism of grafting is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3175-3175 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3171-3173 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3271-3282 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Analysis of an industrial ε-caprolactam by gas-liquid chromatography has been carried out using different stationary phases and operating conditions. The impurities in the ε-caprolactam are identified and hypotheses about their formation are presented. In some cases the presence either in cyclohexane or cyclohexanone of the possible impurity-producing compounds is shown.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3283-3294 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A series of poly(n-butyl acrylate)/polystyrene IPNs and semi-1 IPNs with deliberately controlled graft levels were synthesized via a urethane chemical coupling method. Also prepared were a series of semi-2 IPNs with the molecular weight of polymer II as the variable. The more highly grafted IPNs displayed poorly defined morphologies in which the domain structures were irregular and phase domain boundaries were characterized by fibrillar and interphase regions. A single glass transition peak was another feature of the more highly grafted IPNs. Polymer network II formed in the presence of linear polymer I results in morphologies dependent on the molecular weight of linear polymers. In the semi-2 IPNs, polymer I molecular weights below Mv = 20,000 caused polymer I to behave like a plasticizer or a diluent. The domain sizes of semi-2 IPNs agree with theoretical predictions developed by the present authors.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3085-3098 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A device to measure the flammability limits of the gaseous pyrolysis products of polymeric materials has been developed and applied to a study of untreated and flame-retarded poly(ethylene terephthalate). The results indicate that phosphorus-containing compounds, like bromine-containing compounds, are capable of inhibiting the gas-phase free radical combustion reactions of the pyrolysis products obtained from poly(ethylene terephthalate).
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3117-3124 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Preirradiation grafting of acrylic acid onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene) film was studied. The trapped radicals formed upon irradiation are able to induce graft polymerization under appropriate conditions. The influence of the grafting conditions were analyzed kinetically. The grafting reaction begins close to the film surface and proceeds into the center with progressive monomer diffusion through the grafted layer. The dependences of the grafting rate on preirradiation dose and monomer concentration were found to be 0.2 and 1.1 order, respectively. The overall activation energies for this grafting were calculated to be 15.2 and 4.8 kcal/mol below and above 35°C, respectively. The relationship between the grafting rate and film thickness gave a negative first-order dependence.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3157-3170 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: New models are developed to analyze the wet spinning process. These involve a formulation of simultaneous overall mass, force, and solvent mass transfer balances. In the first-order model, internal concentration gradients and mass transfer resistance within the fiber are neglected. It is equivalent to the Kase-Matsuo melt spinning model. In the second-order model, concentration gradients and diffusion within the fiber are included. Comparison is made with an experimental study of wet spinning nylon-66 fibers. The first-order model seriously underpredicts final fiber diameter under conditions of specified spinline tension and spinning efflux. The second-order model gives better agreement between theory and experiment.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3205-3211 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Sorbents based on glycidyl methacrylate were used in an investigation of the effect of the type of the suspension stabilizer and of its concentration on the shape, size, and morphology of beads consisting of submicroscopic particles (globules). Of many stabilizers used, only poly(vinyl pyrro-lidone) and poly(vinyl alcohol) led to the formation of regular spherical beads with a surface shell. As expected, beads obtained using a stabilizer producing higher interfacial tension poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-K 90 were much larger. A similar effect may be reached by lowering the concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol), if this lowering is accompanied by a rise in the interfacial tension. Despite this, however, the surface shell was not compact in this relatively narrow range of interfacial ten-sions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3213-3222 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Atactic polypropylene, a byproduct obtained in the manufacture of isotactic polypropylene, has been chlorinated under various reaction conditions. The chlorination reaction is reasonably fast so as to give a product of 53-43% chlorine content in 3 h. The chlorinated product has been incorporated in poly(viny1 chloride) formulations with a view to study its plasticizing activity. Generally this type of compound acts only as a secondary plasticizer; hence it has been used in combination with di(2-ethylhexyl)phthdate, a primary plasticizer. Different proportions of these two plasticizers have been added to poly(vinyl chloride) resin to obtain a series of formulations. These compounds were evaluated, and it appears that the addition of chlorinated atactic polypropylene (APPC) helps in easy processing and increases the throughput. The increasing concentration of APPC showed an upward trend in die head pressure and torque indicating an increase in melt viscosity. The results of physical properties evaluation show that APPC acts as a reinforcing agent and also imparts permanence to the plasticizers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 3253-3269 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The presence of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers during polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using H2O2 as initiator resulted in a substantial, constant increase in the weight of the fibers after repeated extraction with acetone. Fractional precipitation curves of the extracted PET - MMA polymerization product and a physical mixture of PET and PMMA were different, indicating that the interaction of MMA with PET involved grafting. The magnitude of the latter enhanced considerably by increasing H2O2 concentration up to 30 mequiv/L, then decreased by further increasing H2O2 concentration. There was also an optimal temperature (80°C) for grafting; below or above this temperature, lower grafting was obtained. Similarly, carrying out the polymerization reaction at different pH values revealed that pH7 constituted the optimal. On the other hand, grafting increased upon increase of the methyl methacrylate concentration within the range studied (8-20%). Incorporation of Cu2+ or Fe3+ ions in the polymerization medium caused a decrement in grafting, irrespective of the metallic ion concentrations. Using methylene chloride as a swelling agent for the fibers failed to enhance the susceptibility of the latter toward grafting. On the contrary, tetrachloroethane was quite promising in this regard. The homopolymer formed during grafting was also reported.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...